中考英语二轮复习讲练介词
有关介词的考点:
(一)in+时间段。“…之后”用于将来时对提问howsoon
1.Hewillfinishhishomeworkinanhour.He’llcomebackaweek.
A.fromB.atC.afterD.in
2.MrBrownhasgonetooCanada.Hewillbebacktwoweeks.
A.forB.afterC.inD.at
(二)介词on表时间时,表示具体某天或某天的上午、下午、晚上。
例:onaSundayday;Onawarmmorning;OnTeachers’Day;OnSeptember1st。
1.IwasbornApril20,1985thenorthChina.
A.in,in,ofB.on,in,ofC.in,on,ofD.on,on,in
2.MaryisflyingtoFrancesoon.ShewillarriveParisthemorningofJuly9.
A.at,inB.in,onC.in,inD.at,in
(三)since+时间点,for+时间段或since+过去时的句子。
注意sincefor是现在完成时标志,对其提问用howlong。
1.Whatbadweatherwehave?Ithasrainedthedaybeforeyesterday.
A.onB.inC.sinceD.at
2.HowlonghaveyoubeenhereinSydney?lastWednesday,Itwodaysbeforeyou.A.since,arrivedB.on,havebeenC.since,wentD.on,havearrived
3.Howlonghaveyouthebook?Fortwoweeks.
A.haveB.hadC.buyD.borrow
4.IhavetheArmy(军队)since1990.A.joinedB.beeninC.joinedin
(四)not…until直到…才(主句只能够动词用终止性动词)
until单独用时主语用持续性动词。例:Hedidn’tgotobeduntil11o’clocklastnight.
Theboywaitedforhismotheruntilshecameback.
1.LastnightIwatchedthefootballmatchanddidn’tgotobed12o’clock.
A.whenB.untilC.asD.while
(五)usedtodo过去常常做beusedtodoing习惯于做…
人+usesthfordoing=人+use+sthtodo
→被动态:物+beusedfordoing=物+beusedtodo.
1.Whatisawritingbrush,doyounow?It’susedwritinganddrawing.
A.withB.toC.forD.by
Beusedby+人被某人用:
1.Englishiswidelyusedtravelersandbusinesspeopleallovertheworld.
A.toB.forC.asD.by
(六)across在物体表面穿过。through指在物体内部穿过
1.You’dbettergotheforest.It’sthenearestway.
A.crossB.acrossC.throughD.driver
2.Youmustbecarefulwhenyougotheroad.
(七)but,except,besides区别:
①but除了,前面经常有nothing,hardly等表示否定的词;
②except不包括其后部分;
③besides除了包括其后部分。
1.Where’sLily?Weareallhereher.A.besidesB.aboutC.exceptD.with
2.MaryknowGermanFrenchandEnglish.A.besidesB.andC..exceptD.of
基础知识:
(一)表示时间的介词:at,in.on,since,for,during,by,before,after,until,
1.at表示具体的时间点;atsixo’clockAtfive
常用词组:atthistimeofday在每天的这个时候;atnoon,atnight,attheageof,atleast至少,atpresent目前,atschool上学,attheendof①在…未②在…尽头
2.in用于年、月、季节(较长时间)in2004,inSeptember,inspring,inthemoring。
常用词组:inEnglish,infact事实上,infrontof,inthefrontof,inhospital住院,inpublic当众,inclass在课堂上,ingoodhealth身体好。
3.on表示具体某一天或某天的上午、下午、晚上。
4.since,for,by,during,until
注意:bytheendof+过去的时间表到…未为止,一般用于过去完成时。
Theyhadlearned3000wordsbytheendoflastterm.
(二)表示地点的介词:
1.表示方位的介词:in,on,to,in内部,on相邻,to不相邻。
BeijingisinthenorthofChina.RussiaisonthenorthofChina.
JapanistotheeastChina.
2.表示上下方位的介词:over正上方,under正下方,above,below,on
Theskyisoverourheadsandthelandisunderourfeet.
Theplaneisflyingabovetheclouds.
Helookedoutofthewindowandfoundsomechildrenplayingbelowthebuilding.
3.by,beside在…旁边,between…and在…中间,among在…之间。
LiLeiisstandingbythewindow.
4.靠近:near在…附近,nextto紧挨。
Thereisarailwaystationnearourschool.
Ioftenhearthegirlnexttothesingdoor.
5.byinonwith表示方式、手段或工具
bybike=onabikebycar=inacarbybus=onabus
介词词组:
inbed卧床,intime及时,ontime按时,bybus,onfoot,inEnglish,athome,atnight,atnoon,inthehospital,inhospital,withasmile面带笑容,inahurry,atfirst,bytheway,atlast,onone’swayto,inthesun,atonce,inthetree在树上,onthetree,not…atall,atthefootof,atdinner,atthetable,attable,atwork,
atschool,atthebeginning,bytrain,inthisway,attheageof,introuble,infact,intheend最后,inspace,innotime立刻,inorder按顺序,inashortwhile不久,
outofbreath上气不接下气,onduty值日,ontheleft,inpublic公众,toone’ssurprise
动词介词构成的词组:
arrivein(at),dowellin=begoodat,hearfromsb收到…信,hearofsth听说,
hear…with,agreewithsb,handin,payfor,prefersthtosth,regard…as把…看作,thanksto多亏,由于,tryon,thinkof想出,thinkabout,laughat,learnfrom,
leavefor,putup,sendfor派人去请,catchupwithsb,gotoschool,gotobed,
takecareof,lookforwardtodoing期待,comeupwith找到,提出,sayhelloto,
takeoff,turnon(off),listento,lookafter,looklike,fillwith,beginwith,
dealwith,belongto,dieof,diefrom,dependon,believein信任。
练习
1.Weshoulddosomethingtostoptheforestcuttingdown.
A.fromB.inC.byD.with
2.---Whatisthisdressmade?---Silk.It’smadeHangzhou.
A.of,inB.from,ofC.in,ofD.from,in
3.Youdon’tneedtolookeverynewwordinyourdictionary.
A.forB.atC.afterD.up
4.TheengineerwillreturnfromMacaoafewdays.
A.sinceB.inC.onD.after
5.It’simportantustolearnEnglishwell.
A.forB.ofC.toD.in
6.Meimeiisbetterthanmesinging.
A.onB.toC.atD.for
7.---Whatkindofteadoyoulike?---I’dlikeChineseteanothinginit.
A.withB.inC.onD.for
8.MissGaoisstandingallherstudents.A.betweenB.amongC.middle
9.Don’treadbed.It’sbadyoureyes.A.on,ofB.on,toC.in,for
10.---Howisitgoing?---Thankstheweather,thecropsgrowwell.
A.toB.forC.alot
11.Therearetwobottlesonthetable.Oneisfullbeerwhiletheotherisfilledwater.
A.of,ofB.with,withC.of,withD.with,of
12.JackhasstudiedChineseinthisschooltheyearof2000.
A.sinceB.inC.onD.by
13.IwasbornJuly2,andbirthdayiscomingsoon.
A.forB.atC.inD.on
14.TaiwanisapartofChina.It’sthesoutheastofourcountry.
A.toB.onC.inD.at
15.Isthestreettoonarrowforthebustogo?A.throughB.across
16.TheboysgreensportsshirtsarethefansofGuo’anTeam.
A.withB.inC.atD.from
17.It’sveryniceyoutogetmetwoticketstheWorldCup.
A.for,ofB.of,ofC.to,forD.of,to
18.Itisclearthatfishcan’tlivewater.
A.withB.withoutC.inD.under
19.Shesentherfriendapostcardabirthdaypresent.
A.onB.asC.forD.of
20.Hehasgotachairtosit,butnobodytotalk.
A.on,toB./,withC.on,/D./,to
21.We’redoingmuchbetterEnglishourteacher’shelp.
A.in,atB.at,inC.in,withD.with,with
中考英语二轮复习讲练名词
有关名词的重要考点:
(一)名词作定语:
1.Tomisan(八岁大)boy.
2.Iwillhaveaholidaysoon.
A.four-daysB.four-dayC.fourdaysD.fourdayE.fourdays’
3.It’soverfromHandantoBeijing.
A.threehours’driveB.threehour’sdriveC.threehours’drives
4.数字+more+名词=another+数字+名“又、再”
Thedoctorworkedforaftertwelveo’clock.
A.twomorehoursB.twoanotherhourC.moretwohours
(二)名词所有格:a、两者共有在后边一个加“’s”;b、两者各自所有加两个“’s”
1.Tom’scarismorebeautifulthan.
A.hisbrother’sandsisterB.hisbrother’sandsister’sC.hisbrother
2.fathercan’tgotothemeeting,becausehehasgonetoWuhan.
A.TomandMike’sB.Tom’sandMike’sC.TomandMike
(三)名词前的修饰词:
a、可数名词前用:a(an),one,two,many,afew,few,several,anumberof+名复,some,any,alotof=lotsof.
b、不可数名词用:alittle,little,some,any,much,alotof=lotsof.
会区分:afew,few+可复;alittle,little+不可加a表肯定,不加a表否定。
1.Therearefewinthefridge.Let’sgoandbuysomepotatoes,carrots.
A.eggsB.meatC.vegetablesD.fruit
2.MrCartisverybusywithhiswork.Hehastimetoreadbooks.
A.littleB.fewC.alittleD.afew
(四)一些特殊的名词:advice建议(不可数),someadvice,apieceofadvice,news消息(不可数),apieceofnews,physics物理(用单谓),orange桔汁---anorange一个桔子,room空间---aroom房间,glass玻璃---aglass一个玻璃杯,chicken鸡肉,小鸡,fun不可数。Fun可数
1.Atthebeginningofnewterm,ourEnglishteachergaveusonhowtolearnEnglish.A.anadviceB.advicesC.muchadviceD.manyadvices
2.Iwilltellyou.A.agoodnewsB.apieceofgoodnewsw.zk5u.com
3.Swimmingisinsummer.A.agreatfunB.greatfunC.greatfuns
(五)voice、sound、noise的区别。Job、work的区别
Don’tmakesomuch.Thebabyissleeping.
---Whomadeaphonecallformejustnow?---Idon’tknow,butitwasagirls.Atthefootofthehillyoucouldhearnothingbuttheoftherunningwater.
基础知识:w.zk5u.com
分类:①专有名词;②普通名词(可数、不可数);③名词的数:可数与不可数;④名词所有格:of、’s;⑤作用:作主语,定语。
(一)分类:专有名词:地点,机构,国家,地区的名称,大写第一个字母,不加冠词:如:tom、china、may。注意:由有普通名词构成的专有名词加the如:theYellowRiver、theSummerPalace、theGreatWall。
(二)词的数:普通名词分为可数和不可数。可数与变复数的规则:
1.一般加s.book(s)desk(s)、bag(s)
2.以s.x.sh.ch结尾加es(iz)but(es)、box(es)、wish(es)、watch(es)、brush(rs)。
特殊:stomach(k)—复数stomachs。
3.以辅+y变y为i加escityladyfamily.
元音字母+y+sboy(s)
4.以f、fe结尾的把f、fe结尾变ves:thief、leaf、knife、wolf、wife、life、shelf.
5.以元音字母+o+s:zoo(s)、radio(s)、photo(s)。
以辅音字母+o+es:tomatoes、potatoes、heroes、Negroes。
6.不规则:child—childrenfoot—feettooth—teethmouse—miceman—men
woman—women
7.单、复同形:deer、sheep、fish、Chinese、Japanese。
8.总用复数:people、police,作主语时,谓语动词用复数。
(三)不可数名词的数:
物质名词:water、milk、rice、meet、bread
抽象名词:fun、news、music、knowledge、information、advice
不可数名词不和a(an)连用:但some、much、little、any、alotof可与不可数名
词连用。
量的表示用:数词+量词+of+名词
如:abottleoforange.twocupsoftea.apieceofadvice.adropofwater.
(四)名词所有格:
1.…的,用of(无生命的):amapofChina、thelargesofthetree。
2.有生命的用’s:Tom’sbook、theteacher’sdesk。
注意:it’s=itisits它的都不是所有格
3.以s结尾的复数名词只加’Teacher’Day
以s结尾的单数名词加’sthedress’scolour
4.表时间、距离、国家、团体等无生命的东西用’stoday’snewspaper
5.共用和不共有
6.所有格后是地点时可省掉地点atthedoctor’s在诊所atTom’s在汤姆家
7.双重所有格:He’safriendofLiMing’s
(五)名词的作用:
1.作主语:
a.表时间、金钱、距离的名词加s后应看成一个整体,谓语用单数twentyyearsisalongtime.
b.名词加介词(with,except)作主语时,谓语根据名词而定.w.zk5u.com
Theteacherwiththestudentsisplantingtrees.
2.作定语:
a.用单数形式computer、game、ice、cream、space、ship.
b.用manwoman作定语时,其本身的单,复形式与被修饰的词一致awomanteacher、–womanteachers
(六)常见考点:
某国人:I’mEnglish.I’mChinese.I’manEnglishman.I’mChineseman.German(s)德国人—German德国。American—AmericaIndia—IndianAustralia—Australian
练习
1.WhatcanIdoforyou,sir?—I’dliketwo.
A.bottleofmilkB.bottlesofmilksC.bottlesofmilkD.bottleofmilks
2.MrsGreenismother.
A.MaryandKateB.Mary’sandKate’sC.Mary’sandKateD.MaryandKate’s
3.traminNo.4Middleschoolusedtohelpwiththeirtraining.
A.Boy’s,thegirlsB.Boy’s,thegirlC.Theboy’s,thegirls
4.Thenewsformymother.A.areB.wereC.beD.is
5.Allmyclassmates,exceptWuLin,interestedinsingingEnglishsongs.
A.isB.amC.areD.be
6.Myschoolisabouttwentywalkfromhere.
A.minuteB.minutes’C.minute’sD.minutesw.zk5u.com
7.I’mafraidthatthereisnoforyouinmycar.
A.landB.groundC.roomD.floor
8.Alotofstonetablesandchairsareoftheriverandthenumberfthemisgrowing.A.onbothside,greaterB.oneachsides,moreC.onbothsides,larger
9.LiQing’shandwritingisbetterthananyotherinhisclass.
A.studentsB.studentC.student’sD.students’
10.wenttoBeijingforaholiday.
A.ThesmithsB.Thesmith’sC.ThesmitbD.smiths
11.It’swalkfrommyhometoschool.
A.twohoursandahalfB.twoandahalfhours’C.twoandahalfhour’s
12.Therearemorethan100andtwoinschool.
A.manteachers,schoolsfactoriesB.womanteachers,schoolfactories
C.menteachers,schoolfactoriesD.womansteachers,schoolfactories
13.You’dbetternotmakesomuch.Theboyissleeping.
A.thingsB.mistakesC.voiceD.noise
14.Look!Thosethreearetalkingwiththethree.
A.Englishmen,GermanB.Englishmans,GermansC.Englishmen,Germans
15.MissSmithisafriendof.
A.Mary’smother’sB.Mary’smotherC.Marymother’sw.zk5u.com
16.Achildasksallkindsofwhileheisgrowingup.
A.troublesB.mattersC.problemsD.questions
17.Pleasekeepquiet.Ifyoumakealotof,youmaydisturbothers.
A.voiceB.noiseC.soundD.singingw.zk5u.com
18.Ihearwewillhaveaholidayin.
A.twoday’s,twoday’stimeB.two-day,twoday’stimeC.two-day,twodays’time
19.Yesterdaymymotherboughttwoandseveral.
A.pairsofshoe,chickenB.pairsofshoes,chickensC.pairofshoes,chickens
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