中考英语二轮复习讲练介词
有关介词的考点:
(一)in+时间段。“…之后”用于将来时对提问howsoon
1.Hewillfinishhishomeworkinanhour.He’llcomebackaweek.
A.fromB.atC.afterD.in
2.MrBrownhasgonetooCanada.Hewillbebacktwoweeks.
A.forB.afterC.inD.at
(二)介词on表时间时,表示具体某天或某天的上午、下午、晚上。
例:onaSundayday;Onawarmmorning;OnTeachers’Day;OnSeptember1st。
1.IwasbornApril20,1985thenorthChina.
A.in,in,ofB.on,in,ofC.in,on,ofD.on,on,in
2.MaryisflyingtoFrancesoon.ShewillarriveParisthemorningofJuly9.
A.at,inB.in,onC.in,inD.at,in
(三)since+时间点,for+时间段或since+过去时的句子。
注意sincefor是现在完成时标志,对其提问用howlong。
1.Whatbadweatherwehave?Ithasrainedthedaybeforeyesterday.
A.onB.inC.sinceD.at
2.HowlonghaveyoubeenhereinSydney?lastWednesday,Itwodaysbeforeyou.A.since,arrivedB.on,havebeenC.since,wentD.on,havearrived
3.Howlonghaveyouthebook?Fortwoweeks.
A.haveB.hadC.buyD.borrow
4.IhavetheArmy(军队)since1990.A.joinedB.beeninC.joinedin
(四)not…until直到…才(主句只能够动词用终止性动词)
until单独用时主语用持续性动词。例:Hedidn’tgotobeduntil11o’clocklastnight.
Theboywaitedforhismotheruntilshecameback.
1.LastnightIwatchedthefootballmatchanddidn’tgotobed12o’clock.
A.whenB.untilC.asD.while
(五)usedtodo过去常常做beusedtodoing习惯于做…
人+usesthfordoing=人+use+sthtodo
→被动态:物+beusedfordoing=物+beusedtodo.
1.Whatisawritingbrush,doyounow?It’susedwritinganddrawing.
A.withB.toC.forD.by
Beusedby+人被某人用:
1.Englishiswidelyusedtravelersandbusinesspeopleallovertheworld.
A.toB.forC.asD.by
(六)across在物体表面穿过。through指在物体内部穿过
1.You’dbettergotheforest.It’sthenearestway.
A.crossB.acrossC.throughD.driver
2.Youmustbecarefulwhenyougotheroad.
(七)but,except,besides区别:
①but除了,前面经常有nothing,hardly等表示否定的词;
②except不包括其后部分;
③besides除了包括其后部分。
1.Where’sLily?Weareallhereher.A.besidesB.aboutC.exceptD.with
2.MaryknowGermanFrenchandEnglish.A.besidesB.andC..exceptD.of
基础知识:
(一)表示时间的介词:at,in.on,since,for,during,by,before,after,until,
1.at表示具体的时间点;atsixo’clockAtfive
常用词组:atthistimeofday在每天的这个时候;atnoon,atnight,attheageof,atleast至少,atpresent目前,atschool上学,attheendof①在…未②在…尽头
2.in用于年、月、季节(较长时间)in2004,inSeptember,inspring,inthemoring。
常用词组:inEnglish,infact事实上,infrontof,inthefrontof,inhospital住院,inpublic当众,inclass在课堂上,ingoodhealth身体好。
3.on表示具体某一天或某天的上午、下午、晚上。
4.since,for,by,during,until
注意:bytheendof+过去的时间表到…未为止,一般用于过去完成时。
Theyhadlearned3000wordsbytheendoflastterm.
(二)表示地点的介词:
1.表示方位的介词:in,on,to,in内部,on相邻,to不相邻。
BeijingisinthenorthofChina.RussiaisonthenorthofChina.
JapanistotheeastChina.
2.表示上下方位的介词:over正上方,under正下方,above,below,on
Theskyisoverourheadsandthelandisunderourfeet.
Theplaneisflyingabovetheclouds.
Helookedoutofthewindowandfoundsomechildrenplayingbelowthebuilding.
3.by,beside在…旁边,between…and在…中间,among在…之间。
LiLeiisstandingbythewindow.
4.靠近:near在…附近,nextto紧挨。
Thereisarailwaystationnearourschool.
Ioftenhearthegirlnexttothesingdoor.
5.byinonwith表示方式、手段或工具
bybike=onabikebycar=inacarbybus=onabus
介词词组:
inbed卧床,intime及时,ontime按时,bybus,onfoot,inEnglish,athome,atnight,atnoon,inthehospital,inhospital,withasmile面带笑容,inahurry,atfirst,bytheway,atlast,onone’swayto,inthesun,atonce,inthetree在树上,onthetree,not…atall,atthefootof,atdinner,atthetable,attable,atwork,
atschool,atthebeginning,bytrain,inthisway,attheageof,introuble,infact,intheend最后,inspace,innotime立刻,inorder按顺序,inashortwhile不久,
outofbreath上气不接下气,onduty值日,ontheleft,inpublic公众,toone’ssurprise
动词介词构成的词组:
arrivein(at),dowellin=begoodat,hearfromsb收到…信,hearofsth听说,
hear…with,agreewithsb,handin,payfor,prefersthtosth,regard…as把…看作,thanksto多亏,由于,tryon,thinkof想出,thinkabout,laughat,learnfrom,
leavefor,putup,sendfor派人去请,catchupwithsb,gotoschool,gotobed,
takecareof,lookforwardtodoing期待,comeupwith找到,提出,sayhelloto,
takeoff,turnon(off),listento,lookafter,looklike,fillwith,beginwith,
dealwith,belongto,dieof,diefrom,dependon,believein信任。
练习
1.Weshoulddosomethingtostoptheforestcuttingdown.
A.fromB.inC.byD.with
2.---Whatisthisdressmade?---Silk.It’smadeHangzhou.
A.of,inB.from,ofC.in,ofD.from,in
3.Youdon’tneedtolookeverynewwordinyourdictionary.
A.forB.atC.afterD.up
4.TheengineerwillreturnfromMacaoafewdays.
A.sinceB.inC.onD.after
5.It’simportantustolearnEnglishwell.
A.forB.ofC.toD.in
6.Meimeiisbetterthanmesinging.
A.onB.toC.atD.for
7.---Whatkindofteadoyoulike?---I’dlikeChineseteanothinginit.
A.withB.inC.onD.for
8.MissGaoisstandingallherstudents.A.betweenB.amongC.middle
9.Don’treadbed.It’sbadyoureyes.A.on,ofB.on,toC.in,for
10.---Howisitgoing?---Thankstheweather,thecropsgrowwell.
A.toB.forC.alot
11.Therearetwobottlesonthetable.Oneisfullbeerwhiletheotherisfilledwater.
A.of,ofB.with,withC.of,withD.with,of
12.JackhasstudiedChineseinthisschooltheyearof2000.
A.sinceB.inC.onD.by
13.IwasbornJuly2,andbirthdayiscomingsoon.
A.forB.atC.inD.on
14.TaiwanisapartofChina.It’sthesoutheastofourcountry.
A.toB.onC.inD.at
15.Isthestreettoonarrowforthebustogo?A.throughB.across
16.TheboysgreensportsshirtsarethefansofGuo’anTeam.
A.withB.inC.atD.from
17.It’sveryniceyoutogetmetwoticketstheWorldCup.
A.for,ofB.of,ofC.to,forD.of,to
18.Itisclearthatfishcan’tlivewater.
A.withB.withoutC.inD.under
19.Shesentherfriendapostcardabirthdaypresent.
A.onB.asC.forD.of
20.Hehasgotachairtosit,butnobodytotalk.
A.on,toB./,withC.on,/D./,to
21.We’redoingmuchbetterEnglishourteacher’shelp.
A.in,atB.at,inC.in,withD.with,with
中考英语二轮复习讲练代词
有关代词的重要考点:
(一)afew,few,little,alittle
(二)both两者都,either两者之一,neither两者都不,none三者以上都不,all三者都.
用法:1.bothof+复数+复谓
2.either,neither,noneof+复数+单谓
Bothoftheboysarestudents。Either(Neither,None)ofthebooksisgood.
1.Therearemanytreesonsideofthestreet.A.eitherB.anythingC.allD.every
2.---Whichdoyouprefer,abottleoforange,abottleofmilkoraglassofwater?
---,thanks.I’dlikeacupoftea.A.EitherB.NeitherC.BothD.None
3.---CanIcomethiseveningortomorrow?
---isOK.I’mfreetodayandtomorrow.A.EitherB.NeitherC.BothD.None
4.---HaveyousentyourparentsanE-mailtellingthemyouarrivedsafely?
---No,ofthemcanuseacomputer.A.EitherB.NeitherC.BothD.None
(三)形容词修饰something,anything,nothing或由some,any,no构成的不定代词。
如:someone,anyone,noone等时,把形容词后置。
1.Thereisagoodbook.Everytimeyoureadit,youwillfind.
A.somethingnewB.newsomethingC.nothingnewD.newnothing
2.Don’tworry.There’swithyourleg.
A.somethingseriousB.anythingseriousC.nothingserious
(四)this,that,those,these近指,远指。
用法:1.打电:this我,that你.
2.that,those同类不同物(用于比较级)
1.ThepearsinmybasketaresmallerthaninJim’s.A.itB.thatC.those
2.Thecolourofherskirtisdifferentfromofmine.A.oneB.thatC.it
3.TheweatherinGuangzhouisbotterthaninHa’erbin.A.thatB.itC.this
(五)each两者以上(个体)every三者(整体)
each(every)+名单+单谓eachof+名复+单谓
1.Therearetreesandflowersonsideofthestreet.
2.Everystudenthasreadapoem.ofthestudentshasabag.
3.---HowoftenaretheOlympicGamesheld?---fouryears.
基础知识:
代词种类:人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、不定代词、疑问代词、关系代词等。
(一)人称代词:I,you,he,she,it,we,you,they------主格(作主语)
me,you,him,her,it,us,you,them------宾格(作宾语)
it的用法:
1.代替前面提到的事。例:---Whereisthebook?---It’sonmydesk.
2.作主语,表时间、距离、天气等。
3.指人:指小孩或不知道对方是谁。Thereisaknockatthedoor.Whoisit?It’sme.
4.作形式主语,形式宾语。Itis+形+forsbtodo.Find(make)it+形+todo.
例:Itisdifficultforustoanswerthequestion.Ifinditdifficulttoanswerthequestion.
(二)物主代词:“…的”my,your,his,her,its,our,your,their------形物代
mine,yours,his,hers,its,ours,yours,theirs----名物代
用法:“形物代”+名词“名物代”没有名词
1.bookishere.Isthere.(I,my,his)
2.Thisisbag.Idon’tknowwhereis.(her,his,she)
(三)反身代词:myself,yourself,himself,herself,itself,ourselves,yourselves,themselves
用法:作同位语和宾语Mariahurtherself.I’lldoitmyself.
常用词组:enjoyoneself,dressoneself,hurtoneself,teachoneself=learnsthbyoneself,
helponeselfto,byoneself等。
1.---Ourteacherwouldn’tgiveustheanswerstothequestions.
---Whynotworkthemoutallby?
A.themselvesB.himselfC.ourselvesD.myself
2.Don’tloseincomputergames,boys.A.yourselfB.yourselvesC.himself
(五)不定代词:
1.普通不定代词:some,any,no,none,some(any,no)body,some(no,any)one,
some(no,any)thing,some用于肯定句、或用于疑问句并希望得到对方肯定回答中,
any用于否定句、疑问句。
例:Thereiseggathome,willyoupleasegetforme?
A.no,someB.not,someC.notany,anyD.notan,any
例:There(be)someoneinhisoffice.
2.个体不定代词:each,other,another,either,neither,half,everyone(thing,body)
3.数量不定代词:all,both,many,much,few,afew,little,alittle,alot,lotsof,agreatdeal+不可表“很多”,agreatmany+可复表“很多”,other,another,theother.
(六)疑问代词:who,whom,whose,which,what
1.---isyourcar?---Theredoneinfrontofthetree.
A.whichB.whatC.whereD.whose
2.---doesyourfatherdo?---Heisateacher.
(七)other与another:others=other+名复theothers=therest
one…theother(两者)一个…另一个some…theothers一些,另一些(指剩余全部)
some…others一些…其他的(并非全部)another另一个,“再,又”
Telephoneiswayofsayingphone.
Leifengwasalwaysreadytohelp.Heneverthoughtof.
A.theothers,himselfB.theothers,himC.others,himselfD.her,her
练习
1.---Doyouprefermilkororangejuice?---Idon’tlike.Idrinkcoffee.
A.otherB.anotherC.neitherD.either
2.---Wouldyoupleasetellmetheresultoftheexam?
--OK,Youdidwell.You’remademistakes.A.fewB.afewC.littleD.alittle
3.Itwasalongjourney,butofthemfourfeltboring.
A.neitherB.eitherC.noneD.all
4.ThepopulationofTianjinissmallerthanofShanghai.
A.thisB.thatC.theseD.those
5.---Whatanicecomputer!---Myparentsboughtitformysisterandme.It’s.
A.oursB.hersC.mineD.theirs
6.---Thisphysicsproblemistoodifficult.Canyoushowme,WangLin?
A.whattoworkitoutB.whattoworkoutitC.howtoworkitout
7.There’ssomeoneatthedoor.Canyougoandseewhois?
A.heB.sheC.thatD.it
8.---Thesearemypencils.---Where’re?
A.theyB.theirsC.mineD.you
9.---Isityourticket?---No,isinmypocket,It’s.
A.mine,herB.my,hisC.mine,hersD.my,hers
10.Thisshirtistoolargeforme.Couldyoushowmeone?
A.otherB.anotherC.othersD.theother
11.Therearetwenty-sixdesksintheclassroom.Oneisfortheteacher,areforthestudents.A.theotherB.otherC.theothersD.others
12.TokyoislargerthaninJapan.A.anyothercityB.anycityC.anothercity
13.Ioftenstayathome,becauseIhavefriendshere.
A.fewB.afewC.littleD.alittle
14.Jim,don’tgoandgetsomewater.Thereiswaterintheglass.
A.fewB.afewC.littleD.alittle
15.Shallwegivethetwinstoeatforsuppertoday?
A.somethingChineseB.ChinesesomethingC.anythingChineseD.Chineseanything
16.Boysandgirls,helptosomefish,please.
A.yourselfB.youC.yourselvesD.themselves
17.Thereaboxofapplesonthedesk.A.areB.isC.hasD.have
18.Theyfounddifficulttodealwithsuchaproblem.
A.thisB.itC.thatD.those
19.Takeyourtime,Thereistimeleft.A.fewB.afewC.alittleD.little
20.ThestatueoflibertywasbuiltinFrancewasgiventoAmericaasagift.
A./B.whoC.whichD.whom
21.---Haveyoufinishedyourworkyet?---No,Ithinkit’lltaketenminutes.
A.anotherB.otherC.othersD.more
22.---Whatelsedoyouneed,Mum?---else,we’vegoteverythingready.
A.SomethingB.AnythingC.NothingD.Everything
23.Therewerepeopleandnoiseinthepark.
A.many,muchB.much,muchC.much,manyD.many,many
24.---WhotaughtFrench?---Nobody,shelearnedallby.
A.herself,herB.she,herselfC.her,herselfD.her,she
25.ofyouhasadictionary.A.NeitherB.EverybodyC.EveryD.Each
26.Jennydoesn’thaveaneraser,SoI’llgiveto.
A.her,mineB.hers,mineC.mine,herD.mine,hers
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