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八年级英语下册重点语法和短语

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八年级英语下册重点语法和短语

重点语法和短语

Unit1Willpeoplehaverobots?

重点语法:一般将来时态的应用

do/does的一般将来时态形式:(shall/will)do

do/does的一般将来时态的被动语态:(shall/will)bedone

一般将来时态的肯定句、否定句、疑问句形式:

肯定句例句:Peoplewillhaverobotsinafewyears.

否定句例句:People(willnot/wont)haverobotsinafewyears.

一般疑问句例句:Willpeoplehaverobotsinafewyears?

特殊疑问句例句:Whatwillpeoplehaveinafewyears?

重点短语:wont=willnot

theyll=theywill

shell=shewill

hell=hewill

Ill=Iwill

fallinlovewith(sb./sth.)爱上(某人/某物)

beabletodosth.能够做某事

cometrue实现

inthefuture未来

hundredsof数以百计的

thousandsof数以千计的

lookfor(sb./sth.)寻找(某人/某物)

will→would情态动词will的原形和过去式

may→might情态动词may的原形和过去式

ReadingStrategy(阅读方法)

Lookatthetitleandpicture,andpredictwhatyouwillreadabout.(看着标题和图片,预知你要阅读那些方面的内容。)Thishelpsyougetreadytoacquirenewinformation.(这样可以帮助你获得一些新的信息。)

Unit2WhatshouldIdo?

重点语法:过去将来时态(将来时态的委婉说法)

do/does的过去将来时态形式:(should/would)do

do/does的过去将来时态的被动语态:(should/would)bedone

过去将来时态的肯定句、否定句、疑问句形式:

肯定句例句:Youshouldwritealettertohim.

否定句例句:Youshouldntwritealettertohim.

一般疑问句例句:ShouldIwritealettertohim?

特殊疑问句例句:WhatshouldIdo?

重点短语:keepsb.out不让某人进入新课标第一网

Whatswrong?=Whatsthematter?=Whatstheproblem?怎么了?

outofstyle不时髦的;过时的

callsb.up给某人打电话

payforsth.为某事付款

part-timejob兼职工作

thesameas=besame(to/with)与……同样

instyle时髦的;流行的

geton[well]withsb.=getalong[well]withsb.与某人相处(好)

didnt=didnot

couldnt=couldnot

as...aspossible尽可能……(eg/assoonaspossible尽快)

allkindsof各种;许多

ontheonehand一方面

ontheotherhand另一方面

asksb.forsth.=asksb.todosth.请求某人做某事

asksb.nottodosth.请求某人不要做某事

spend(money)onsth.=spend(money)[in]doingsth.花钱做某事

sth.costsb.(money)某人花钱为了某事

takesb.sometimetodosth.花某人时间做某事

findout查明

findsb.doingsth.发现某人做某事

beangrywithsb.生某人的气

beangryatsth.生某事的气

thesameageas=asoldas与某人年龄一样

havefightwithsb.与某人打架

learntodosth.学会做某事

not...until...直到……才……

comparesth.(A)withsth.(B)把某事(A)与某事(B)作比较

itstimeforsth.=itstimetodosth.到该做某事的时间了

maybeadv.或许

maybe(情态动词+动词原形)可能是

shall→should情态动词shall的原形和过去式

pay→paid→paid动词pay的原形、过去式和过去分词

ReadingStrategy(阅读方法)

Youwilllearntousenewwordsbetterifyouusealearnersdictionary.(时刻学着应用新单词来学习比时刻使用字典这种途径方法更好。)Abilingualdictionarysometimesgivesthewrongmeaningforthesituationyouwant.(在某些你需要的场合下,一本双语字典有时会给你错误的解释。)

Unit3WhatwereyoudoingwhentheUFOarrived?

重点语法:过去进行时态

do/does的过去进行时态形式:(was/were)doing

do/does的过去进行时态的被动语态:(was/were)beingdone

过去将来时态的肯定句、否定句和疑问句形式:

肯定句例句:IwaswalkingdownthestreetwhenaUFOlanded.

否定句例句:IwasntwalkingdownthestreetwhenaUFOlanded.

一般疑问句例句:WereyouwalkingdownthestreetwhenaUFOlanded?

特殊疑问句例句:WhatwereyoudoingwhenaUFOlanded?

动词when和while的选择:when后加瞬间动词,while后加延续性动词。

例句:TheboywaswalkingdownthestreetwhentheUFOlanded.

=Whiletheboywaswalkingdownthestreet,theUFOlanded.

感叹句

结构:(1)How+adj.+the+主语+谓语动词

=(2)What+(a/an)+[adj.]+n.+主语+谓语动词

例句:Whatabeautifulflower[itis]!

=Howbeautifulthefloweris!

Whatbeautifulflowers[theyare]!

=Howbeautifultheflowersare!

重点短语:getout出去;离开

takeoff起飞

runaway逃跑;跑掉

comein进来

hearabout=hearof听说

takeplace发生

as...as像……一样(eg/asoldashim像他一样老)

anywhere=everywhere=hereandthere任何地方

thinkabout考虑

thinkof认为

getup=getoutofthebed起床

atthedoctors在诊所

everyday每一天

everydayadj.日常的

mostadj.大部分

themost最多的

inspace在太空中

nationalhero民族英雄

allovertheworld=intheworld全世界

ReadingStrategy(阅读方法)

Thetitlecanbehelpfulforyoutounderstandatext.(一篇文章的标题可以帮助你理解整篇文章。)Itsalsoagoodideatoreadthefirstsentenceofeachparagraphbeforeyouread.(在阅读整篇文章之前,阅读每段的第一句话也是一个很有效的方法。)

Unit4HesaidIwashard-working.

重点语法:宾语从句

结构:主语+谓语动词+宾语从句(主语+谓语动词+宾语/表语)

例句:----ImgoodatEnglish.Hesays.(改为加宾语从句的复合句)

----HesaysImgoodatEnglish.

注意:①主句是一般现在时态,宾语从句的时态不受其影响。

例句:HesaysImgoodatEnglishnow.

HesaysIwasgoodatmathematicswhenIwasyoung.

②主句是过去时态,宾语从句也要用过去时态。

例句:HesaidIwasgoodatmathematicswhenIwasyoungyesterday.

HesaidIwasgoodatEnglishnowyesterday.

③宾语从句是客观真理时永远用一般现在时态。

例句:Ourteachersays24hoursmakeaday.

Ourteachersaidthesungivesussomanyenergyyesterday.

④动词原形不能作主语,必须用其-ing形式。

例句:Shesaidhelpingotherschangedherlife.

重点短语:directspeech直接引语

reportedspeech=indirectspeech间接引语

firstofall=atfirst首先

passon传递

besupposedtodosth.应该做某事

begoodat=dowellin在某方面做得好

ingoodhealth身体健康

getover克服

openup打开

carefor=takecareof=lookafter照料;照顾

notanymore=notanylonger=nolonger不再

haveacold感冒

end-of-yearexam年终考试

getnervous变得紧张

forgettodosth.忘记做某事(该事未做)

forgetdoingsth.忘记做某事(该事已做)

its+adj.+[forsb.]+todosth.做某事[对某人来说]……(加形容词)

context上下文

ReadingStrategy(阅读方法)

Firstreadformeaning,notfordetail.(首先理解文段的大致意思,不在于文段的细节部分。)Youcanunderstandthemeaningofawordyoudontknowfromthecontext.(至于不懂的单词,你可以通过上下文来寻找它的正确释义。)

Unit5Ifyougototheparty,youllhaveagreattime!

重点语法:if引导的条件状语从句

结构:主句+if+条件状语从句

if+条件状语从句+[(comma)]+主句

注意:在if引导的条件状语从句中,主句应用将来时态,状语从句用一般现在时态。

例句:Youllhaveagreattimeifyougototheparty.

=Ifyougototheparty,youllhaveagreattime.

重点短语:takeaway拿走

aroundtheworld=allovertheworld在世界各地

makealiving谋生

allthetime=always一直

Whatstheproblem?=Whatsthematter?=Whatswrong?怎么了?

inordertodosth.为了做某事

makesb.dosth.使得某人做某事(to省略,该结构是一个不带to的不定式。)

makesb.adj.使得某人……(加形容词)

makesb.done使得某人被做

befamousfor为……而出名

befamousas作为……而出名

inclass在课堂上

spend...(time/money)onsth.=spend...(time/money)indoingsth.花……(时间/钱)用于做某事

seesb.dosth.看见某人做某事(强调整个过程)

seesb.doingsth.看见某人做某事(强调偶然性)

say→said→said动词say的原形、过去式和过去分词

tell→told→told动词tell的原形、过去式和过去分词

eat→ate→eaten动词eat的原形、过去式和过去分词

speak→spoke→spoken动词speak的原形、过去式和过去分词

Unit6Howlonghaveyoubeencollectingshells?

重点语法:现在完成进行时态

do/does的现在完成进行时态形式:have/hasbeendoing

do/does的现在完成进行时态的被动语态:have/hasbeenbeingdone

现在完成进行时态所应用的场合:

①某事从过去发生一直持续到现在都在做

②过去发生的动作对现在造成影响

例:我已上了三年初中。

IhavebeeninJuniorSchoolfor3years.

自从那次他与我谈过心后,我天天都在进步。

Ihavebeenmakingprogresssincehetalkedwithmethattime.

现在完成进行时态的肯定句、否定句和疑问句形式:

肯定句例句:Ihavebeenskatingforfivehours.

否定句例句:Ihaventbeenskatingforfivehours.

一般疑问句例句:Haveyoubeenskatingforfivehours?

特殊疑问句例句:Howlonghaveyoubeenskating?

注意:瞬间动词不能和一段时间连用。

例句:你借这本书已经多长时间了?

Howlonghaveyoubeenkeepingthisbook?

重点短语:runoutof用完;用尽

bytheway顺便说说

beinterestedindoingsth.对某事感兴趣

morethan比……多

faraway在远处

wouldliketodosth.=wanttodosth.=feellikedoingsth.想要做某事

sendsb.sth.=sendsth.tosb.把某物赠送给某人

infact实际上

room房间(用于可数名词);空间(用于不可数名词)

common→morecommon→themostcommon形容词common的原级、比较级和最高级

ReadingStrategy(阅读方法)

Letyoureyes"scan"thetextquicklytofinddetailsthatyourelookingfor.(在阅读文章之前,用眼睛“横扫”整篇文章,快速寻找你需要的文章要点。)Youcanfindinformationquicklywithoutreadingthewholetext.(这样你就不用细读整篇文章,就能寻找到你需要的一些信息。)

Unit7Wouldyoumindturningdownthemusic?

重点语法:mind[ones]doingsth.介意(某人)做某事

重点短语:notatall一点也不

turndown调节使音量变小

rightaway=inaminute=atonce立刻;马上

waitinline排队等候

cutinline插队等候

hasnt=hasnot

keep...down压低声音;使缓和

atfirst=firstofall首先

takecare当心;小心

takecareof=careabout=lookafter关心;照顾

breaktherule违规

obeytherule遵守规定

putout熄灭

picksth.up捡起某物

waitforsb.等候某人

dependon依赖;依靠

getback=return要回

mean→meant→meant动词mean的原形、过去式和过去分词

ReadingStrategy(阅读方法)

Asweread,weneedtofind"topicsentences".(在我们阅读的时候,我们需要寻找“主题语句”,也就是和文章中心最相关的语句。)Thesesentencesusuallygivesusa"summary",oroverallmeaningofeachparagraphandhelpusunderstandwhattheparagraphisabout.(这些语句通常会给我们一些文章的“概要”,或者每个文段的全部意思,来帮助我们理解段落大意。)Afterthetopicsentencecomesmoredetailandexplanation.(当“主题语句”出现后,该段的一些解释和细节也就会随之出现。)

Unit8Whydontyougetherascarf?

重点语法:询问别人为什么要做或者不做某事

whydontyoudosth.=whynotdosth.

例句:Whydontyougetheracamera?=Whynotgetheracamera?

whatabout=howabout

例句:Howaboutsometennisballs?=Whataboutsometennisballs?

重点短语:fallasleep入睡

giveaway赠送;分发

hearof=hearabout听说

takeaninterestin=beinterestedin对……感兴趣

makefriendswith与……交友

makeprogress取得进步

keep→kept→kept动词keep的原形、过去式和过去分词

feed→fed→fed动词feed的原形、过去式和过去分词

fall→fell→fallen动词fall的原形、过去式和过去分词

hear→heard→heard动词hear的原形、过去式和过去分词

ReadingStrategy(阅读方法)

Tounderstandtheimportantideasfromthetext,wemust"summarize".(为了了解文段最主要的意图,我们必须要进行总结。)Dothisbyanswering"who,what,where,why"questionsasyouread.(在阅读时,常注意回答时间、地点、人物这些基本要素问题,达到总结的目的。)

Unit9Haveyoueverbeentoanamusement?

重点语法:现在完成时态

do/does的现在完成时态形式:(have/has)done

do/does的现在完成时态的被动语态:(have/has)beendone

现在完成时态主要强调过去发生的事情对现在的影响。

例句:我去年去过美国,那是我第一次出国。

IhaveeverbeentoAmerica.Itsthefirsttimeformetogoabroad.

重点短语:haveagreattime=haveagoodtime=havefun=enjoyoneself玩得高兴

onboard在船上

endupdoingsth.结束做某事

allyearround=allovertheyear终年

understand→understood→understood动词understand的原形、过去式和过去分词

ReadingStrategy(阅读方法)

Afterreading,writedownthreeormorethingsyouhavelearned.(在阅读整篇文章之后,把你学到的三样或更多事物写下来。)Wealwaysrememberthingsbetterifwetaketimetoreflect.(如果我们花时间去思考一些问题的话,那么我们就能更容易地记住一些事情。)

Unit10Itsaniceday,isntit?

重点语法:反意疑问句

反意疑问句由肯定陈述句加否定问句构成,或者由否定陈述句加肯定问句构成。

例句:Hesastudent,isnthe?

Shesnothismother,isshe?

回答反意疑问句时,要根据事实来回答。若事实是肯定的,则必须用yes回答。若事实是否定的,则必须用no回答。

例句:你还没有准备好,对吧?

Yourenotready,areyou?

是的,我没有准备好。

No,Imnot.

不,我准备好了。

Yes,Iam.

重点短语:lookthrough浏览

comealong出现;发生

getalong相处

atleast至少

atmost至多

athank-younote感谢信

forget→forgot→forgotten动词forget的原形、过去式和过去分词

little→less→least形容词little的原级、比较级和最高级

many/much→more→most形容词many/much的原级、比较级和最高级

精选阅读

八年级英语下册重点短语及句型


八年级(下)新目标英语重点短语及句型总汇

Unit1Willpeoplehaverobots?

1.fewerpeople更少的人(fewer修饰名词复数,表示否定)

2.lessfreetime更少的空闲时间(less修饰不可数名词,表示否定)

3.intenyears10年后(in的时间短语用于将来时,提问用Howsoon)

4.fallinlovewith…爱上…

例:WhenImetMr.Xuforthefirsttime,Ifellinlovewithhimatonce.当我第一次见到许老师,我立刻爱上他。

5.livealone单独居住

6.feellonely感到孤独(比较:livealone/goalong等)

Thegirlwalkedalonealongthestreet,butshedidn’tfeellonely。那女孩独自沿着街道走,但她并不感到孤独。

7.keep/feedapetpig养一头宠物猪

8.flytothemoon飞上月球

9.hundredsof+复数数百/几百(概数,类似还有thousandsof;millionsof)

10.thesameas和……相同

11.AbedifferentfromBA与B不同(=Thereisadifference/ThgerearedifferencesbetweenAandB)

12.wakeup醒来(wakesb.up表示“唤醒某人”

13.getbored变得厌倦(get/become是连系动词,后跟形容词如tired/angry/excited等)

14.goskating去滑冰(类似还有gohiking/fishing/skating/bikeriding等)

15.lotsof/alotof许多(修饰可数名词、不可数名词都可以)

16.attheweekends在周末

17.studyathomeoncomputers在家通过电脑学习

18.agreewithsb.同意某人(的意见)

19.Idon’tagree.=Idisagree.我不同意

20.onapieceofpaperpaper/information/news/work/homework/housework等常考到的不可数名词

21.onvacation度假

22.helpsbwithsth/helpsbdosth帮助某人做某事

23.manydifferentkindsofgoldfish许多不同种金鱼

24.liveinanapartment住在公寓里/liveonthetwelfthfloor住在12楼

25.liveatNO.332,ShanghaiStreet住在上海路332号

26.asareporter作为一名记者

27.looksmart显得精神/看起来聪明

28.Areyoukidding?你在骗我吗

29.inthefuture在将来/在未来

30.nomore=not…anymore不再(强调多次发生的动作不再发生)

31.nolonger=not…anylonger不再(强调状态不再发生)

32.besides(除…之外还,包括)与except=but(除…之外,不包括)

33.beableto与can能、会

(beableto用于各种时态,而can只能用于一般现在时态和一般过去时态中;haveto用于各种时态,而must只能用于一般现在时态)

例如:1.Ihavebeenableto/willbeabletospeaktwolanguages.(不可以用can)

2.hadtostayathome/willhaveto(不可以用must)

34.bebigandcrowded大而且拥挤

34.beincollege在上大学

35.liveonaspacestation住在空间站

36.dresscasually穿得很随意casualclothing休闲服饰

37.winthenextWorldCup赢得世界杯winaward获僵

38.cometrue变成现实

39.takehundredsofyears花几百年的时间

40.befuntowatch看起来有趣

41.overandoveragain一次又一次

42.beindifferentshapes形状不同

43.twentyyearsfromnow今后20年

44.本单元目标句型:

1.Whatdoyouthinklifewillbelikein1000years?

2.Therewillbefewertrees、morebuildingsandlesspollutioninthefuture.

fewer,less表示否定之意,分别修饰可数名词和不可数名词;more二者都可以修饰。

3.Willkidsgotoschool?No,theywon’t/Yes,theywill。

4.Predictingthefuturecanbedifficult.

5.Ineedtolooksmartformyjobinterview.

6.Iwillbeabletodressmorecasually.

7.IthinkI’llgotoHongKongonvacation,andonedayImightevenvisitAustralia.

8.Whatwillteenagersdoforfuntwentyyearsfromnow?

9.Thatmaynotseempossiblenow,butcomputers,spacerocketsandevenelectrictoothbrushesseemedimpossibleahundredyearsago.

本单元语法讲解一般将来时

表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态。本时态标志词:

1.含tomorrow;next短语;

2.in+段时间;

3.howsoon;

4.by+将来时间;

5.bythetimesb.do…

6.祈使句句型中:or/andsb.willdo

7.在时间/条件状语从句中,如果从句用一般现在时,主句用将来时8.anotherday

比较begoingto与will:

1.begoingto表示近期、眼下就要发生的事情,will表示的将来时间则较远一些。

如:Heisgoingtowritealettertonight.Hewillwriteabookoneday.

2.begoingto表示根据主观判断将来肯定发生的事情,will表示客观上将来势必发生的事情。

 Heisseriouslyill.Heisgoingtodie.Hewillbetwentyyearsold.

3.begoingto含有“计划,准备”的意思,而will则没有这个意思,如:

 Sheisgoingtolendusherbook.Hewillbehereinhalfanhour.

4.在有条件从句的主句中,一般不用begoingto,而多用will,如:

Ifanybeastscomesatyou,Illstaywithyouandhelpyou.

 掌握了它们的这些不同,你就能很好的区分begoingto与will了。

一般将来时常见的标志词

1.含tomorrow;next短语;2.in+段时间;3.howsoon;4.by+将来时间;5.祈使句句型中:or/andsb.willdo例:Bequick,oryouwillbelate=Ifyoudon’tbequick,youwillbelate6.在时间/条件状语从句中,如果从句用一般现在时,主句用将来时(另见Unit5)

Unit2WhatshouldIdo?

1.tooloud太大声

2.outofstyle过时的

3.instyle流行的

4.callsbup=ringsb.up=call/ring/phonesb.给…..打电话

5.enoughmoney足够的钱(enough修饰名词时不必后置)

6.busyenough够忙(enough修饰形容词或副词时必须后置)

7.aticketto/foraballgame一张球赛的门票

注意:thekeytothelock/thekey(answer)rtothequestion)/thesolutiontotheproblem.此处几个短语不能用of表示所有格

8.talkabout谈论

9.onthephone用电话

10.payfor付款

11.spend…on+sth.=spend...(in)doingsth.在…花钱

12.Ittakessb.sometimetodosth.某人做某事花…的时间

13.borrow…from从….借(借进来)

14.lend…to把…借给(借出去)

15.Youcankeepthebookforaweek你可以借这本书一周。(不用borrow或lend)

16.buysthforsb为……买东西

17.tellsbtodo/nottodosth.sth告诉某人做某事

18.wantsb.todosth.=wouldlikesb.todo想某人做某事

19.findout发现;查清楚;弄明白

20.playone’sstereo 放录像

21.failthetest=notpassthetest考试不及格

22.failin(doing)sth…在...上失败,变弱

23.succeedin(doing)sth在...方面成功

24.writesbaletter/writetosb. 给某人写信

25.surprisesb. 使某人吃惊(类似有:surprise/interest/please/amaze+某人)

26.toone’ssurprise使某人吃惊的是…..

27.toone’sjoy使某人高兴的是…..

28.lookforapart-timejob找一份兼职的工作(不一定有结果)

29.get/findapart-timejob找到一份兼职的工作(有结果)

30.asksb.for… 寻求/向某人要某物 

31.haveabakesale卖烧烤

32.arguewithsb=haveanargumentwithsb.与某人争吵 

33.haveafightwithsb.=fightwith与某人打架

34.dropoff 离去;散去;逐渐减少;死去 

35.preparefor…=getreadyfor…为…做准备 

36.after-schoolclubs(activities)课外俱乐部(活动)

be/getusedtodoing习惯做某事

usedtodo过去经常/常常做某事

beusedfordoing=beusedtodosth.被用于做某事

37.fill…up填补;装满… befullof装满

38.returnsth.tosb.=givesth.backtosb.把某物归还给某人 

39.geton/alongwellwith与…相处很好

40.allkindsof各种各样

41.asmuchaspossible=asmuchasyoucan尽可能多

42.takepartin=joinin参加(某种活动/集会)

43.abit=alittle一点儿(当修饰形容词或比较级时)

44.abitof=alittle一点儿/一些(当修饰不可数名词时)

45.beangrywith…生…的气

46.byoneself=onone’sown某人自己/独自地

47.ontheonehand一方面

48.ontheotherhand另一方面

49.Ifind/feel/thinkitdifficulttodo...我发现/感到/认为做某事很难.

50.see/hear/watchsb.doingsth.看到/听见/注视某人正在做…

51.not…until直到…才(谓语动词一般是非延续动词)

52.表示某人情绪有关的形容词用法:

be/become+upset/tired/excited/interested/worried/surprised/amazed/annoyed

说明:当主语是某人时,注意后面的形容词一般是-ed结尾的单词,而当主语是某物时或修饰名词时,注意后面形容词一般是-ing结尾单词.)

如:Iwassurprised/interested/amazedwhenIheardthesurprising/interesting/amazingnews.

53.radioadviceprogram电台提建议的节目

54.beoriginal新颖的

55.leavesomethingsomewhere把某物忘在某处

56sportsclothes运动服

57.thesameageas=asoldas和---年龄一样

58.thetiredchildren疲惫不堪的孩子

59.complainabout(doingsth)抱怨……

60.taketheirchildrenfromactivitytoactivity带着孩子参加一个接一个的活动

61.trytodosth,尽量干某事trydoingsth试着干某事

62.beundertoomuchpressure压力太大

63.amotherofthree三个孩子的妈妈

64.takepartinafter-schoolclubs参加课后俱乐部

65.compepitionstartsfromaveryyoungage竞争从很小年纪就开始了

66.compare…with和---比较

67.organizedactivities有组织的活动

本单元目标句型:

1.What’swrong(withyou)?/What’sthematter?

2.WhatshouldIdo?我该怎么办

3.Youcouldwritehimaletter.你可以给他写封信.Youshouldsaysorrytohim.你应该给他道歉.

4.Theyshouldn’targue.他们不应该争吵.

5.Whydon’tyoutalktohimaboutit?

=Whynottalktohimaboutit?=Youshould/couldtalktohimaboutit.

=What/Howabouttalkingtohimaboutit.=You’dbettertalktohimaboutit.

6.Theparentstrytofitasmuchaspossibleintotheirkidslives.

7.Activitiesincludesports,languagelearning,musicandmathclasses.

Thirtypeople,includingsixchildren(sixchildrenincluded),wenttovisitthefactory.

8.Peopleshouldn’tpushtheirchildrensohard.

9.Parentsaretryingtoplantheirkids’livesforthem.Whenthesekidsareadults,theymightfindtdifficulttoplanthingsforthemselves.

Unit3WhatwereyoudoingwhentheUFOarrived?

1.infrontof在……的前面(外部)inthefrontof在……的前面(内部)

2.inthelibrary在图书馆

3.getoutof/getinto出……之外/进入

4.sleeplate睡懒觉sleepwell睡得好gettosleep=fallasleep睡着

5.walkdown/along沿……走

6.takeoff(飞机)起飞;脱下(衣帽)

7.onSundayevening在星期日晚上

注意:(特指某日如星期、假日、某月某日或某个特定的上、下午、晚上用on)

8.inthetree在树上onthetree在树上

9.takephotos照相

10.atthetrainstation在火车站

11.runaway跑开,逃跑

12.as+adj原形as和…一样…

例如:Sheis(not)asbeautifulashersister.Icanrunasfastashe(him)

13.buy/draw/makesth.forsb.为某人买/画/制作

14.walkhome走回家

15.inhistory在历史上

16.forexample例如

17.inthecityof在……市

18.ontheplayground在操场上

19.tenminutesago十分钟前

20.takeplace发生(强调必然性)

21.happentosth./sb.发生(强调偶然性)

例如:Whathashappenedtoyou?=What’sthematterwithyou?=What’swrongwithyou?

22.ofcourse=sure=certainly当然

23.allovertheworld=aroundtheworld遍及全世界

24.outside/insidethestation在车站外/内

25.nextto相邻,紧贴

26.closeto接近于;在附近

27.beillinhospital/bed生病住院/在床

28.hearabout/of听说(间接听到)

29.insilence沉默不语keepsilent保持沉默

30.anunusualexperience一次不寻常的经历

31.havefundoingsth干某事有乐趣

32.havedifficulttimedoingsth干某事有困难

33.havemeaningto对—有意义

34.becomethefirstChineseastronautinspace成为中国第一个太空宇航员

35.anationalhero一个民族英雄

36.befamousallovertheworld全世界出名

37.forthefirsttime第一次

本单元目标句型:

1.WhatwereyoudoingwhenIarrived/atthattime/at8:00lastnight/from9:00to10:00yesterday?

2.Iwasdoingsth.When+一般过去时的时间状语从句... 

3.Howabout.../Whatabout...?

4.Whilesth./sb.wasdoingsth.,Iwasdoingsth....

5.当不明飞行物着陆时,你正在干啥?WhatwereyoudoingwhentheUFOlanded?

6.当妈妈正在做饭时,我在看电视。Whilemymotherwascooking,IwaswatchingTV.

7.waswalkingdownthestreetwhenaUFOlandedrightinfrontofme.

8.Youcanimagehowstrangeitwas.

9.Ifollowedtoseewhereitwasgoing.

10.Isn’tthatamazing!

11.Shedidn’tthinkingaboutlookingoutsidethestation.

12.Iwassotiredthismorning.Itwasdifficulttogetoutofthebed.

13.LiuXiangwonthegoldmedalatthe2004Olympics.

14.Beijngwasmadehosttothe2008Olympics.

15.Peopleoftenrememberwhattheyweredoingwhentheyheardthenewsofimportanteventsinhistory.

16.ThiswasoneofthemostimportanteventsinmodernAmericanhistory.

17.Eventhemosteverydayactivitiescanseemimportant.

18.Ourteacheraskedustostopwhatweweredoingandlisten.

19.However,inmorerecenttimes,mostAmericansrememberwhattheyweredoingwhentheWorldTradeCenterinNewYorkwasdestroyedbyterrorists.

20.Notalleventsinhistoryareasterribleasthis,ofcourse.

21.HisflightaroundtheEarthlastedabout22hours.

本单元语法讲解

过去进行时(PastProgressiveTense)

句型S+was/were+V-ing…

例A:Shewasdoingherhomeworkat8:30yesterdayevening.

(昨天傍晚八点半她正在做家庭作业。)

例B:Wewerehavingsupperatthattime.

(那个时候我们正在吃晚饭。)

解说

如例1所示,在单句中使用过去进行时来表达时必须把该动作正在进行中的时间表明清楚,否则就不合逻辑了。例如:Iwastakingabathyesterday.(错)

(昨天我正在洗澡——昨天24小时都正在洗澡吗?)

所以本句应该如例1来表达,或者用一般过去时表达如下:

Itookabathyesterday.(昨天我洗了澡。)

如果由上下文的文意,或者对谈中的话意可以了解“动作正在进行中的时间”,单句里就使用过去进行时来表达是很普通的,例如:

A:Icalledyouupyesterdayevening.

B:Didyou?Atwhattime?

A:Ataroundtenoclock.(大约在十点钟。)

B:Oh,Iwastakingabaththen.(哦,当时我正在洗澡。)

过去进行时在表达上常用的句式是如例2所示和另一个一般过去时的动作相搭配。请观察下面的图解说明:

过去有二动作A和B(如图示),在B动作发生时稍早发生的A动作正好在进行中,所以这种表达法通常都是复句(主句+副词从句)。例如:

WhenIgotupthismorning,Motherwaspreparingbreakfastinthekitchen.

(今天早上我起床时妈妈正在厨房里准备早餐。—“Mother…。”是主句,“when…,”是副词从句。)

常用于修饰过去进行时的时间副词:过去的某一定点时刻(at+过去的时刻),then(=atthattime)(那时,当时),all+时间,“When…/While…/As…”等副词从句,etc.

Unit4HesaidIwashard-working

1.everySaturday每周六

2.firstofall首先

3.both……and……两者都(谓语动词要注意对称原则)

4.neither….nor两者都不(谓语动词要注意就近和对称原则)

5.mostof…绝大多数

6.anexcitingweek令人兴奋的一周

7.agreeonsomething同意某人的计划;对….取得一致意见

8.agreetodosth.答应/同意做…

9.passon(to) 传递

10.besupposedtodosth. 被期望或被要求做......

11.bemadat……对……疯狂/生气

12.dobetterin=bebetterat 在......方面做得更好

13.beingoodhealth 身体健康

14.reportcard 成绩单

15.sound/feel/smell/taste/look是连系动词,一般只能跟adj.做表语

16.soundlike/feellike/smelllike/tastelike/looklike

听起来像…/感觉像…/闻起来像…/尝起来像…/看起来像…+sb./sth.

17.get…over 克服;恢复;原谅

18.openup 打开/展开/开发/揭露

19.carefor 照料;照顾;意愿;计较

20.havea(surprise)partyforsb. 为某人举行一次(惊喜0聚会

21.end-of-yearexam=finalexam期末考试

22.not----anymore不再

23.doahomeproject做作业

24.besurprisedhappyexcitedtodosth做某事感到惊讶、高兴、激动

25.begetnervous感到紧张

26.haveaveryhardtimewith..在---日子不好过

27.andisappointingresult令人失望的结果

28.takeleaveamessage捎(留)个口信

29.haveabigfight

30.itisagoodideaforsb.todosth

31.toteachinChina’sruralareas

32.feellucky

33.peoplewhoneedhelp需要帮助的人

34.somethingwecandoforthem我们能为他们做的事

35.thereisnodifferencebetween…and..在…和…之间没有区别

36.Groupsandtheworktheydo

GroupsTheworktheydo

GreenpeaceCaresfor‘MotherEarth”

DoctorsWithoutBordersHelpssickpeopleinpoorcountries

UNICEFHelpschildreninpoorcountries

WWFCaresforwildanimalsindanger

37.theHopeProject希望工程

38.fortunately幸运地是

本单元目标句型:

转述他人话语:Whatdidsb.say?HesaidI…Shesaidshe…Theysaid…

1.许老师告诉我徐梦蝶会说二种语言。Mr.XutoldmethatXuMengdiecouldspeakthreelanguages.

2.许老师说地球绕着太阳转。Mr.Xusaid(that)theearthturnsaroundthesun.

3.许老师告诉我他将去北京。ShetoldmehewouldgotoBeijingthenextday.

4.许老师说欧洋正在做作业Mr.XusaidOuYangwasdoinghishomeworkatthattime.

5.许老师说王硕研勤奋。Mr.XusaidWangShuoyanwashard-working.

6.在英语上,与听相比,我更擅长于读。InEnglish,I’mbetteratreadingthanlistening.

7.情况怎样?How’sitgoing?

8.她不想再当我最好的朋友了。Shedidn’twanttobemybestfriendanymore.

9.Isaiditwouldstartabadhabit,andthatshewoulddoherownwork.

10.That’saboutallthenewsIhavenow.MumandDadsendtheirlove.

11.Shesaidhelpingotherschangedherlife.

12.TeachinghighschoolstudentsinapoormountainvillageinGansuProvincemaynotlikefuntoyou.

13.ThePekingUniversitygraduatefirstwentthereasanvolunteeronaone-yearprogram.

14.LifeinthemountainswasanewexperienceforLangLei.Hervillagewas2,000metereabovethesealevel,andatfirstthethinairmadeherfeelsick.

15.Youngpeopletodayneedtoexperiencedifferentthings

16.Someofthestudentsmaynotbeabletogotoseniorhighschoolorcollage.

17.Icanopenupmystudents’eyestotheoutsideworldandgivethemagoodstartinlife.

18.Shesaidshelikesbeingagoodinfluenceinthechildren’slives.

19.ShenowworksasamathteacheratahighschoolinthecityofPingliang,GansuProvince.

20.YouareatB’shouseworkingonahomeworkproject.

21.Youweresupposedtomeetatthebusstopthismorningtoreturnit,butAdidn’tcometothebusstop.

22.AcallsyouwithamessageforC.Passonthemessage,andthengiveC’sanswertoA.

23.Whataresomethingsthathappenonsoapoperas?

本单元语法讲解

直接引语和间接引语

(一)直接引述别人的原话,叫做直接引语;用自己话转述别人的话,叫做间接引语。间接引语一般构成宾语从句。直接引语必须放在引号内,间接引语则不用引号。直接引语改为间接引语时,除将引语部分变成宾语从句外,还必须对直接引语中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等进行改变。

1.时态的变化:直接引语变为间接引语时,通常受转述动词said,asked等的影响而使用过去化的时态,即把原来的时态向过去推,也就是一般现在时变一般过去时,现在进行时变为过去进行时等。

例如:Tomsaidtome,“Mybrotherisdoinghishomework.”

 →Tomsaidtomethathisbrotherwasdoinghishomework.

2.人称代词、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等等的变化;根据意义进行相应的变化。如:

 SheaskedJack,“Wherehaveyoubeen?”→SheaskedJackwherehehadbeen.

 Hesaid,“Thesebooksaremine.”→Hesaidthatthosebookswerehis.

(二)直接引语改为间接引语时,都使用陈述语序,但是因为原句的句式不同,所以变成间接引语时所用的连词会有所不同。

1.陈述句的间接引语:陈述句由直接引语变间接引语,由that引导,可以省略。

 “Iwanttheblueone.”hetoldus.“我想要兰色的。”他说。

 →Hetoldusthathewantedtheblueone.他说他想要兰色的。

 Shesaidtome,“Youcan’tdoanythingnow.”她对我说:“此刻你无法做任何事情。”

→ShetoldmethatIcouldn’tdoanythingthen. 她对我说那时我无法做任何事。

2.疑问句的间接引语

直接引语如果是疑问句,变成间接引语后,叫做间接疑问句。间接疑问句为陈述语序,句末用句号,动词时态等的变化与间接陈述句相同。引述动词常用ask,wonder,wanttoknow等间接疑问句一般有三种:

(1).一般疑问句由直接引语变为间接引语时,由whether或if引导。如:

 “HasheeverworkedinShanghai?”Jimasked.“他在上海工作过吗?”吉姆问。

 →Jimaskedwhether/ifhehadeverworkedinShanghai.吉姆问他是否在上海工作过。

 “Canyoutellmethewaytothehospital?”Theoldmanasked.

那个老人问:“你能告诉我去医院的路吗?

 →TheoldmanaskedwhetherIcouldtellhimthewaytothehospital.

那老人问我是否能告诉他去医院路。

(2).特殊疑问句由直接引语变为间接引语时,仍由原来的疑问词引导。如:

 “Whichroomdoyoulivein?”Heasked.“你住哪个房间?”他问我。

 →HeaskedmewhichroomIlivedin.他问我住哪个房间。

 “Whatdoyouthinkofthefilm?”Sheasked.她问“你怎么看这部电影?”

 →Sheaskedherfriendwhatshethoughtofthefilm.她问她朋友怎么看这部电影。

(3).选择疑问句由直接引语变为间接引语时,由whether/if…or引导。如:

“IsityourbikeorTom’s?Mumasked.妈妈问:“这是你的自行车还是汤姆的?”

→Mumaskedwhether/ifitwasmybikeorTom’s.妈妈问这是我的自行车还是汤姆的。

“Doesyoursisterlikebluedressesorgreenones?”Kateasked.

“你妹妹喜欢兰色的裙子还是绿色的?”凯特问。

 →Kateaskedwhether/ifmysisterlikedbluedressesorgreenones.

凯特问我妹妹喜欢兰色裙子还是绿色的。

3.祈使句的间接引语当祈使句变为间接引语时,间接祈使句的引述动词常用tell,ask,order,beg,request,order等,而把直接祈使句变成带to的不定式短语。如:

Jacksaid,“Pleasecometomyhousetomorrow,Mary.”杰克说:“玛丽,明天请到我家来。”

→JackaskedMarytogotohishousethenextday. 杰克请玛丽第二天到他家去。

Theteachersaidtothestudents,”Stoptalking.”老师对学生们说:“不要讲话了。”

→Theteachertoldthestudentstostoptalking.老师让学生们不要说话了。

“Don’ttouchanything.”Hesaid.“不要碰任何东西。”他说。

→Hetoldusnottotouchanything.他对我们说不要碰任何东西。

4.动词时态和代词等的变动

(1).某些代词,限定词,表示时间或地点的副词和个别动词在间接引语中的变化规则:

直接引语 间接引语

todaythatday

now then,atthatmoment

yesterdaythedaybefore

thedaybeforeyesterday twodaysbefore

tomorrow thenextday/thefollowingday

thedayaftertomorrow twodaysafter,/intwodays

nextweek/monthetcthenextweek/monthetc

lastweek/monthetctheweek/monthetc.before

herethere

this that

thesethose

come go

bringtake

(2).如果引述动词为现在时形式,则间接引语中的动词时态,代词,限定词和表示时间或地点的副词不用变化。而如果引述动词是过去时,以上内容就要有相应变化。

变化情况如下:现在时间推移到过去的时间(注意:如果直接引语是表示客观规律的,那么时态仍然用一般现在时

一般现在时→一般过去时;

现在进行时→过去进行时;

一般将来时→过去将来时;

现在完成时→过去完成时;

Unit5Ifyougototheparty,you’llhaveagreattime!

1.attheparty在晚会上

2.asksb.todosth.请某人做某事

3.stayathome呆在家

4.halftheclass/students一半学生

5.getinjured受伤

6.haveagreattime=haveawonderfulgoodtime 玩得高兴

7.take…away运走,取走putaway收起来,放好

8.allthetime=always 一直,始终

9.makealiving(bydoingsth)谋生

10.inordertodosth… 为了做某事

11.haveaparty举行聚会

12.gotocollege 上大学

13.befamousfor… 因……而著称befamousas…作为…而出名

14.makemoney=earnmoney 挣钱

15.infact 事实上

16.laughat… 嘲笑

17.toomuch太多(修饰不可数名词)

18.toomany太多(修饰可数名词复数)muchtoo+形容词/副词太…

19.getexercise 锻炼注意(exercise当“锻炼”是不可数名词;而当“操”“练习”是可数名词)

20.travelaroundtheworld周游世界

21.workhard 努力工作

22.wearjeans 穿牛仔裤

23.let...in 允许……进入,嵌入keep…out不允许。。进入

24.getaneducation 获得教育

25.take…away拿开,拿走

26.studyforthetest准备考试

27.makesomefood准备食物makedumplings做水饺makethebed整理床铺

28.halftheclass一半的学生

29.therulesforschoolparties学校派对的规则

30.children’shospital儿童医院

31.jointheLions加入狮队

32.givemoneytoschoolsandcharities给学校和慈善组织捐钱

33.becomeaprofessionalsoccerplayer成为一个职业的足球运动员

34.organizethegamesfortheclassparty为班级派对准备游戏

35.playsportsforaliving靠体育运动为生

本单元目标句型:

1.Ifyoudo,you’ll…2.I’mgoingto…3.Youshould…

4.Don’tyouwantto…?5.Don’tyouthink….?

①如果李老师去参加晚会,我们将会玩得非常高兴。IfMsLigoestotheparty,we’llhaveagreattime.

②如果你穿牛仔裤去晚会,李老师将不会让你进入。Ifyouwearjeanstotheparty,MsLiwon’tletyouin.

6.Formanyyoungpeople,becomingaprofessionalathletemightseemlikeadreamjob.

7.Ifyoubecomeaprofessionalathlete,youwillbeabletomakealivingdoingsomethingyoulove.

8.However,professionalathletescanalsohavemanyproblems.

9.Ifyouarefamous,peoplewillwatchyouallthetimeandfollowyoueverywhere.Thiscanmakelifedifficult.

10.Ifyoubecomerich,youwillhaveadifficulttimeknowingwhoyourrealfriendsare.

11.Infact,manyfamouspeoplecomplainthattheyarenothappy.

本单元语法讲解

if引导的条件状语从句。If是连词,所连接的句子叫条件状语从句,表示假设或条件,意思是“如果…的话”,用法如下:

1、表示假设,表示将会发生和可能发生的事,或进行提醒警告。句子结构如下:If+句子(一般现在时),+主句(主语will/may/can)+动词)

a.Ifyoufinishyourhomework,youcangooutandplay.

b.IfIhaveenoughmoneynextyear,Iwillgototravel.

2.表示真实条件、客观真理、自然现象、定理定义.民间谚语等,句型是:

If+句子(一般现在时),+主句(一般现在时).

例:Ifyoustudyhard,youaresuretosucceed.

Ifyouputiceinawarmplace,itturnsintowater.

Ifaglassfallsonthefloor,itusuallybreaks

Ifyoucookabanana,itbecomesverysoft.

Ifaplantdon’tgetenoughlight,itgrowsverytallandthin.

Unit6Howlonghaveyoubeencollectingshells?

1.raisemoneyfor筹钱

2.collectstamps集邮

3.runoutof…用尽

4.bytheway顺便说一下

5.onthewayto..在…的路上

6.beinterestedin对…感兴趣

7.morethan=over超过

8.flykites放风筝

9.startclass开始上课

10.startasnowglobecollector’sclub开办雪球仪收集者俱乐部

11.themostcommon(unusual,interesting)hobby最普通的爱好

12.listentomusicvideos听音乐碟片

13.organizeatalentshowtoraisemoneyforcharity为慈善机构捐钱而举办的才艺展示

14.extraEnglishlessons额外的英语课

15.haveproblemswiththelanguage语言方面有问题

16.thecapitalofHeilongjiangProvince黑龙江的省会

17.aninterestingcitywithacolorfulhistory一个有着丰富多彩历史文化的有趣的城市

18.threeandahalfyears=threeyearsandahalf三年半

19.apairofskates/shoes/glasses/trousers/jeans一双滑冰鞋/一双鞋/一副眼镜/一条裤子/牛仔裤

Howmuchisapairofskates/shoes/glasses/trousers/jeans?

=Howmuchdoesa(this)pairofskates/shoes/glasses/trousers/jeanscost?

Howmucharetheskates/shoes/glasses/trousers/jeans?

=Howmuchdotheskates/shoes/glasses/trousers/jeanscost?

本单元目标句型:

1.Howlonghaveyoubeenskating?你滑冰有多长时间了?

2.I’vebeenskatingsincenineo’clock./sinceIwasfouryearsold.

我从九点一直滑到现在/我从四岁一直滑到现在。

3.I’vebeenskatingforfivehours.我一直滑了五小时。

4.ThemoreIlearnaboutChinesehistory,themoreIenjoylivinginChina.

我对中国的历史了解得越多,我就越喜欢住在中国。

5.Wasthisyourfirstskatingmarathon?No,Iskatedinamarathonlastyear.

6.Whendidyougetyourfirstpairofskates?

7.Alisonwasthefirstonetostartandhasbeenskatingforthewholefivehours.

Alison是第一个开始并且已经滑了整整5个小时。

8.I’mtalkingtoyoufromtheHilltopSchoolSkatingMarathon.

9.Foreveryhourtheyskate,eachstudentraisestenyuanforcharity.

每滑一个小时,每位学生可为慈善事业筹集10元钱。

10.Thanksforsendingmethesnowglobeofthemonster.InfactIthinkit’sprobablymyfavorite.

谢谢你送我的怪物雪球仪。事实上,我想它可能是我的最爱。

11.MymomsaysIhavetostop,becausewe’verunoutofroomtostorethem.

妈妈说我必须停止了,因为我们已经没有地方来存放他们了。

12.ThefirstoneIevergotwasabirthdaycakesnowglobeonmytwelfthbirthday.

我得到的第一个雪球仪是我十二岁生日得到的生日蛋糕雪球仪。

13.Iparticularlyloveglobeswithanimals.Ifyouknowanyoneelsewhocollectsthem,pleasetellme.

我特别喜欢动物雪球仪。如果你知道其他人收集他们的话,请告诉我们。

14.Bytheway,what’syourhobby?

15.I’minterestedinthejobasawriter.

16.Theschoolnewspaperneedsawriter.Wewillgiveyoudifferenttopicstochoosefrom.Togetthejob,pleaseanswerthesefourquestions.校报需要一个撰稿人。我们会给你一些不同的话题来选择。要得到这份工作,请回答这样四个问题。

17.HowmanyChinesedynastiescanyouthinkof?你能想起多少中国朝代?

18.Canyouthinkoffamouscharactersfromthehistoryofothercountries?Makealist.

从其他国家历史中,你能记起一些著名人物吗?列个表。

19.Infact,thefirstJewsprobablycametoKaifengmorethanathousandyearsagoandwerewelcomedbytheSongEmperor.

事实上,第一批犹太人可能在一千多年前就来到开封而且受到宋朝皇帝的欢迎。

20.ThereissomeEuropeaninfluenceinthecity,andsomeoftheoldbuildingsinHarbinareinRussianstyle.这个城市有欧洲文化的影响,而且哈尔滨的一些老建筑还是俄罗斯风格的。

21.Foraforeignerlikeme,themoreIlearnaboutChineseculture,themoreIenjoylivinginChina.

对于一个像我一样的外国人来说,我对中国文化了解越多,我就越喜欢住在中国。

22.AndalthoughIlivequitefarfromBeijing,I’mcertainIwillbeherefortheOlympicGamesin2008.

尽管我住得离北京很远,但我相信2008年奥运会我一定在这儿。

本单元语法讲解

现在完成进行时:表示从过去某时开始到现在这一段时间里一直在延续的动作。

现在完成进行式结构:have/has+been+doing/

1.Ihavebeenwritingthelettersincethen.从那时起我一直在写这封信。(动作从过去一直持续到现在还在继续)

2.Ihavebeencollectingstampsfortenyears.自从10年前我就收集邮票了(动作从过去一直现在还在收集)。

3.Howlonghaveyoubeenlivinghere?你在这儿已经住了多长时间了。(“居住”动作从过去一直现在还在继续)

现在完成进行时和现在完成时的区别:

1现在完成进行时比现在完成时更强调动作的延续性:

2如果没有时间强调,现在完成进行时表示动作仍在进行,现在完成时则表示动作已经结束,

3现在完成进行时一般不适用于表状态的动词,而现在完成时则可。

Unit7Wouldyoumindturningdownthemusic?

1.turn…down/turn…up关小声/调大声音(电器)

2.turn…on/turn…off打开/关闭(电器)

3.movethebike移动自行车

4.inaminute/rightaway/innotime立刻,马上

5.belateforschool/class=arrivelateforschool上学/上课迟到

6.waitinline=standinline排队等候

7.cutinline=jumpaqueue插队

8.getmad/annoyed变得生气

9.happentosb发生在…身上

10.halfanhour半小时

11.atfirst=firstofall首先

12.atlast=intheend=finally最后

13.allowsb.todo/nottodosth.允许某人做/不做某事

14.beallowedtodo/nottodosth.某人不被允许某人做/不做某事

15.inpublic当众地;公开地;公然地

16.inpublicplaces在公共场所

17.breaktherule不遵守规则

18.pick…up捡起

19.put…out熄灭

20.droplitter扔垃圾

21.keepthevoicedown控制声音

22.dothedishes

23.putonanotherpairofjeans

24.beatameeting

25.helpmeinthekitchen

26.makesomeposters

27.clothingstore

28.follow…around

29.wanttobepolite

30.standinthesubwaydoor

31.cutinline

32.standcloseto..

33.havedifferentideasabout

34.feeluncomfortable

35.inallsituations

36.inpublicplaces

本单元目标句型:

1.Wouldyoumindcleaningtheyard?你介意打扫院子吗?

2.Notatall.I’lldoitrightaway.一点也不.我马上就扫.

3.Wouldyoumindnotplayingbaseballhere.你介意不要在这打棒球吗?

4.Wouldyoumindgivingmeasmallerone?

5.Sorry,we’llgoandplayinthepark.对不起,我们到公园去打.

6.Couldyou(please)makedinner?请做晚饭好吗?

7.That’snoproblem没问题.

8.Couldyou(please)notfeedthedog?=Wouldyoumindnotfeedingthedog?=Wouldyou(please)notfeedthedog?=Pleasedon’tfeedthedog,willyou?请不要喂狗好吗?

9.Ifyoufinishthesetasks,wecangotoamovietonight.

10.Yourbarbergaveyouaterriblehaircut.

11.Thestoreclerkgaveyouthewrongsize.

12.Thewaitressbroughtyouthewrongfood.

13.Thepenyouboughtdidn’twork.

14.YouorderedahamburgerwithFrenchfriesbutonlygotahamburger.

15.Weaskedsomepeoplewhatannoyedthem.Here’swhattheysaid.

16.Idon’tlikewaitinginlinewhenashopassistanthasalongtelephoneconversation.

17.Thishappenstomeallthetimeintheschoollibrary.

18.PerhapsinthefutureIshouldtrynottobesopolite.

19.Thewaypeoplebehaveisdifferentindifferentculturesandsituations.

20.Sometimes,rulesofetiquettearethesamealmosteverywhere.

21.Wemightwanttoasksomeonetobehavemorepolitelyifweseethembreakingaruleofetiquette.

22.Etiquettemeansnormalandpolitesocialbehavior.

23.Thismayseemlikeadifficultwordatfirst,butitcanbeveryusefultounderstand.

24.Infact,weshouldalsotakecarenottocoughorsneezeloudlyinpublicifpossible.

25.Peopledon’tusuallyliketobecriticized,sowehavetobecarefulhowwedothis.

26.看到有人抽烟你可以说:Couldyoupleaseputoutthatcigarette?

27.看到有人乱丢垃圾你可以说:Wouldyoumindpickingitup?

28.看到有人插对,你可以说:Sorry,wouldyoumindjoiningtheline?

常见动名词、分词的习惯用法总结

使用-ing分词的几种情况

1.在进行时态中。如:1).HeiswatchingTVintheroom.

2).Theyweredancingatnineoclocklastnight.

2.在therebe结构中。如:Thereisaboyswimmingintheriver.

3.在havefun/problems结构中。如:WehavefunlearningEnglishthisterm.

 Theyhadproblemsgettingtothetopofthemountain.

4.在介词后面。如:Thanksforhelpingme.Areyougoodatplayingbasketball?

What/Howaboutdoingsth?做某事怎么样?Iaminterestedinplayingfootball.

5.在以下结构中,常接动词的ing形式:

1)enjoydoingsth喜欢做某事;

2)finishdoingsth完成做某事;

3)feellikedoingsth想要做某事;

4)stopdoingsth停止做某事(原来的事)

5)forgetdoingsth忘记做过某事;

6)goondoingsth继续做某事(原来的事);

7)rememberdoingsth记得做过某事;

8)likedoingsth喜欢做某事;

9)find/see/hear/watchsbdoing发现/看到/听到/观看某人做

10)trydoingsth试图做某事;

11)needdoingsth需要做某事;

12)preferdoingsth宁愿做某事;

13)minddoingsth介意做某事;

14)missdoingsth错过做某事;

15)practicedoingsth练习做某事;

16)bebusydoingsth忙于做某事;

17)canthelpdoingsth禁不住做某事;

18)wastetime/moneydoing浪费时间/金钱做…

19)keepsb.doing让…始终/一直做…

20)stopsb.(from)doing阻止某人做某事

21)preferdoingBtodoingB=likeAbetterthanA喜欢做A更喜欢做B

22)“dosome+doing”短语

如:dosomeshopping/dosomewashing/dosomereading/dosomepracticing/dosomecleaning/dosomespeaking

23)“godoing”短语去做某事(主要指文娱活动等)

如:goshopping/gofishing/goswimming/gohiking/goskating/gocamping/goskiing(滑雪/goboating/gohunting(打猎)

注意动词的过去分词的常见搭配:

Ifeel(am/was)excited/surprised/amazed/interested/tired/pleased/worried/

lost

Keep…closed/aboycalled/namedTom

Unit8Whydon’tyougetherascarf?

1.fallasleep入睡

2.give…away赠送;分发

3.ratherthan宁愿…而不是,胜于

4.woulddo…ratherthando宁愿…不愿做

5.hearof…听说

6.makefriendswith和……交友

7.photoalbum相册

8.toopersonal太私人化

9.notinterestingspecialcreativeenough不够有趣

10.makeaspecialmeal做一顿特别的饭

11.an8-year-oldchild一个六岁的孩子

12.thesedays最近

13.not…atall根本不

14.differentkindsof不同种类

15.makeherhappy使她高兴

16.someoneelse别人(else总是后置)

17.improveEnglish提高英语

18.indifferentways以不同的方式

19.encouragesbtodo鼓励某人做

20.make(great)progress取得进步

21.takeaninterestin/beinterestedin对……感兴趣

22.onmytwelfthtwentiethbirthday

23.agoldfish—twogoldfish

24.apignamedcalledConnie

25.fromacrossChina

26.enteratestbysingingpopularEnglishsongs

27.comefromallagegroups

28.thewinnerofthewomen’scompetition

29.wintheprize

30.trytospeakEnglishmore

31.aspokespersonfromtheOlympicCommittee

32.hearof

33.manyotherfunwaystolearnEnglish

34.makefriendswithanativespeakerofEnglish

35.findagoodwaytolearntolearnEnglish.

本单元目标句型:

1.WhatshouldIgetmymomforherbirthday?我应该为我的妈妈买什么?

2.Whydon’tyou/Whynotbuy/Whataboutbuying/Howaboutbuyingascarf?为什么不买条围巾呢?

3.What’sthebestgiftyouhaveeverreceived?你曾收到的最好礼物是什么?

4.Whataluckyguy!多幸运的家伙!

5.Ithinkadogisagoodpetfora6-year-oldchild.

6.Really?Idon’tagree.Dogsaretoodifficulttotakecareof.

7.Whatareadvantagesanddisadvantagesofkeepingsuchapet?

8.Thetrendiestkindofpetthesedaysisthepot-belliedpig.

9.Pot-belliedpigsmakethebestpets.

10.However,lifewithapigisn’talwaysperfect.

11.Nowsheistoobigtosleepinthehouse,soImadeheraspecialpighouse.

12.Themoviewasboring.Ifellasleephalfwaythroughit.

13.Aleaffromatreeisenoughtomakeherveryhappy.

13.Giftgivingisdifferentindifferentcountries.

14.Thesamegiftmaybegivenawaytosomeoneelse.

15.IntheUSA,somepeopleasktheirfamiliesandfriendstogivemoneytocharityratherthan

buythemgifts.

16.InSweden,doingsomethingforsomeoneisthebestgift.Peopledon’tneedtospendtoomuchmoney.Instead,makingamealisenough.

17.Chinawillbethehostforthe2008OlympicsandsomanyChinesepeopletrytoimprovetheirEnglishindifferentways.

Chinawillholdthe….

18.Nearlyallthesingerssangveryclearly,andlookedcomfortableonstage.

19.SomeofthesesingerswereabletosingEnglishsongsjustaswellasnativespeakers.

20.ShesaidthatsingingEnglishsongsmadehermoreinterestedinlearningEnglish.

21.HeagreesthatitisagoodideatohavefunwithEnglish.

22.ItsuggestswaysforBeijingerstotakeaninterestinlearningEnglish.

常见动词不定式词组、句型用法总结

.固定用法(非谓语动词):以下是带to的动词不定式常见搭配

★希望做某事hopetodosth.

★决定做某事decidetodosth.

★同意做某事agreetodosth.

★需要某人做某事needtodosth.

★使用某物做某事usesthtodosth

★迫不及待做某事can’twaittodo

★准备做某事get/bereadytodo

★尽力/努力做某事trytodosth

★计划做某事plantodosth.

★不得不havetodo

★轮流做某事takeone’sturnstodosth.

★拒绝做某事refusetodosth.

★告诉某人做某事tellsb.todosth.

★请某人做某事asksb.todosth.

★希望某人做某事wishsb.todosth.

★想要某人做某事want/wouldlikesb.todosth.

★同意某人做某事agreesb.todosth.

★教某人做某事teachsb.todosth.

★喜欢/想要某人做某事likesb.todosth.

★帮助某人做某事helpsb.todosth/helpsb.do

★encouragesbtodo鼓励某人做

★It’sone’sturntodosth.轮到某人做某事

例句:Ityourturntocleantheblackboard.

★It’stime(forsb.)todosth.是某人做某事时候了

例句:It’stimeformetogohome.

★It’s+adj.for/ofsb.todosth.对于某人来说做某事是……(当adj.是表示性格、品德的形容词时用of)

例句:Itiseasyformetolearnitwell.Itisverykind/foolish/niceofyoutodoso.

★Ittakessb.sometimetodosth.某人做某事花了某时间

例句:1.Ittakesmeanhourtogettoschoolbybike.2.IttookmeanhourtowatchTVlastnight.

3.Itwilltakehertwoweekstofinishthework.

★too+adj./adv.todosth.太…..而不能例:Hewastoangrytosayaword.

★find/think/feelit+adj.todosth.发现/认为/感到做某事是…例:Ifind/think/feelithardtolearnEnglishwell.

★序数词+todo第…..个做某事例句:Whoisthefirsttogetthere?

★我不知/忘记了怎么办。Ididntknow/forgotwhattodo.

★离开房间时不要忘记/记住关灯

例句:Don’tforget/Remembertoturnoffthelightswhenyoulefttheroom

★be+adj+todosth例句:Iamverysorrytohearthat.

Iamreadytohelpothers.Iamhappy/pleased/gladtomeetyou.

顺口溜:本领最多不定式,主表定补宾和状;样样成分都能干,只有谓语它不敢;大家千万要小心,有时它把句型改;作主语时用it,自己在后把身藏;七个感官三使役,宾补要把to甩开;疑问词后接上它,宾语从句可充当;逻辑主语不定式,不定式前加forsb.;to前not是否定,各种用法区别开。

以下是不带to的动词不定式(即动词原形)的常见用法

★letsb.dosth让某人做某事

★★makedosth使得某人做某事

★heardosthdosth听见某人做某事

★seedosthdosth看见某人做某事

★whynot或whydon’tyou+动词原形?为什么不….?(表示建议)例:Whynot/Whydon’tyoutakeawalk?

★某人+hadbetter(not)do某人最好(不)做某事

★情态动词can/may/must/should+动词原形(包括情态动词的否定形式+动词原形)

★助动词do/does/did/will/would在构成疑问句或者构成否定句即don’t/doesn’t/didn’t/willnot/wouldnot+动词原形

★begoingto+动词原形(表示“即将”“打算”做某事)

Unit9Haveyoueverbeentoanamusementpark?

1.takearide兜风

2.takethesubway

3.havebeento,havegoneto

4.ontheonehand,ontheotherhand

5.agoodplacetopracticeyourEnglish

6.outsideofChina

7.endup结束

8.takeaholiday/vacation度假

9.allyearround全年

10.suchas例如

11.azoocalled/named…一个叫做……的动物园

12.duringthedaytime在白天

13.wakeup醒来

14.wakesomebodyup唤醒/叫醒某人

15.haveagreat/nice/wonderful/greattime玩得高兴

16.awonderfulplacetotakeaholiday/tovisit一个度假/游览的好地方

17.anEnglish-speakingcountry一个讲英语的国家

18.beasleep=fallasleep睡着

19.goonaDISNEYcruise

20.traveltoanotherprovinceofChina

21.thereasonsforlearningEnglish

22.anexchangestudent

23.improvemylisteningskills

24.one….,theother..

25.ThreequartersofthepopulationareChinese.四分之三的人口是中国人(谓语动词用复数形式)

26.What’sthepopulationofChina?中国的人口是多少?(不用howmuch提问)

27.thepopulationofChinais1.3billion中国的人口是13亿。(谓动词用单形式)

本单元目标句型:

1.Meneither.

2.It’sfuntolearnanotherlanguage.

3.Disneylandisanamusementpark,butwecanalsocallitathemepark.

4.Ithasallthenormalattractionsyoucanfindatanamusementpark,butitalsohasatheme.

5.therollercoasteristhemedwithDisneycharacters.

6.YoucanseeDisneycharacterswalkingaroundDisneylandallthetime.

7.ThesearehugeboatsthatalsohavetheDisneytheme.Youcantakearideontheboatforseveraldays,andyousleepandeatonboard.

8.TherearealsomanyattractionsonboardjustlikeanyotherDisneyland.

9.Theboatridesalltakedifferentroutes,buttheyallendupinthesameplace.

10.ItisjustsomuchfuninDisneyland.

11.Here’swhattwoofourstudentssaidaboutourschool.

12.WhenIwasayounggirl,allIeverwantedtodowastraveling,andIdecidedthatthebestwaytodothiswastobecomeaflightattendant.

13.IdiscoveredthatthemostimportantrequirementwastospeakEnglishwell,soIstudiedEnglishattheHilltopLanguageSchoolforfiveyearsbeforeIbecameaflightattendant.

14.ItwasbecauseIcouldspeakEnglishthatIgotthejob.

15.It’sallIhaveeverwantedtobe.

16.However,IknowthatIhavetoimprovemyEnglish,soIhavestartedtakinglessonsattheschool.

17.MaybewhenIleaveschoolI’llthinkaboutbecominganEnglishteacherratherthanatourguide.

18.Whatotherjobishethinkingofdoing?

19.Youcanrentbicyclesattheamusementpark.

20.FormanyChinesetourists,thissmallislandinSoutheastAsiaisawonderfulplacetotakeaholiday.

21.Maybeyoufearthatyouwon’tbeabletofindanythingtoeatinaforeigncountry.

22.However,ifyou‘refeelingbrave,Singaporeisanexcellentplacetotrynewfood.

23.Ifyougotoseelions,tigers,orfoxesduringthedaytime,they’llprobablyaasleep.

24.OnegreatthingaboutSingaporeisthatthetemperatureisalmostthesameallyearround..thisisbecausetheislandissoclosetotheequator.Soyoucanchoosetogowheneveryoulike—spring,summer,orwinter.

现在完成时句型举例:

1.Haveyoueverbeentoanamusementpark?你曾经去过游乐园吗?Yes,Ihave./No,Ihaven’t.

2.Ihaveneverbeenthere.Meneither=NeitherhaveI.我也没有.

3.Whereishe?HehasgonetotheBeijing.

4.HowlonghashebeeninBeijing?(不能用come/arrive)

5.I’veneverbeentoanaquarium.我从没去过水族馆.

6.Ihavebeenastudenthereforayear.我成为这的学生有一年了.(不能用become)

=Ibecameastudenthereayearago.

7.Hehasbeendeadfortwoyears.(不能用die)=hediedtwoyearsago.

8.Ihavebeenateachersincetenyearsago(fortenyears.)(不能用become)

9.Ihavejust/ever/already/neverseenthemovie.Haveyoueverheardofthemanbefore?

本单元语法讲解

现在完成时

1.现在完成时态表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。本时态标志词:

already(“已经”,用于肯定句中,放在have/has之后或句尾);

yet(“仍然”“还”,用于疑问句或否定句的句尾)

just(“刚刚”,放在have/has之后);

before(“以前”,放在句尾);

ever(“曾经”,放在have/has之后)

never(“从没有”,在have/has之后)

例句:

1.Ourteacherhasjustleft.

2.WehavestudiedEnglishalready.

3.Ihavenotfinishedthehomeworkyet.

4.HehasneverbeentoBeijingbefore.

2.某个动作从过去已经开始,一直持续到现在,还有可能持续到将来.动作的持续性要通过一段时间来表示一段时间的表达方法有两种:

for:+一段时间forayearfortwoweeksforthreeyears

Since+过去的某一时刻,sinceninesincelastweek

Since+一般过去时态的时间状语从句sinceyoucame;sinceyougothome.

注意:结束性动词不能和表示一段时间的时间状语连用,但是它们可以转换成相应的延续性动词.

1.直接用延续性动词

buy–have;catch(get)acold–haveacold;borrow—keep;become—be;puton--wear

2.转换成be+名词

jointhearmy–beasoldier;jointheParty–beaPartymember;

gotoschool–beastudent

3.转换成be+形容词或副词

die—bedead;finish–beover;begin—beon;leave—beaway;fallsleep–beasleepclose–beclosedcometo/goto/arriveat(in)+某地—bein(at)+某地

4.转换成be+介词短语gotoschool–beinschool;getup_beup;

现在完成时态常见标志词

1.already(已经),just(刚刚),never(从未/从没有),ever(曾经),yet(仍然/还),before(以前(句尾时)

2.since+点时刻或从句;for+段时间;howlong(疑问句中用来提问since/for短语的)

3.sofar;tillnow;bynow(到目前为止;迄今)

4.recently近来inthepast/last+段时间在过去的几年中

5.once(一次),twice, three(four…)times

6.Itisthe+最高级+n.+(that)sb.haveeverdone

例:What’sthebestgiftyouhaveeverreceived?你曾收到的最好礼物是什么?

Unit10It’saniceday,isn’tit?

1.feellikedoing=wanttodosth.想做某事

2.liketodosth./likedoingsth.喜欢做某事

3.wouldliketodo=wanttodo想要做某事

4.likesb.todo想要某人做某事

5.feellikesth.觉得像….

6.haveahard/difficulttimedoingsth费了很大劲做某事

7.haveproblemdoingsth做某事有困难

8.havefundoingsth乐于做某事

9.needtodosth.需要做某事(主语是人,强调主动)

10.needdoing=needtobedone需要被…(主语是物,强调被动)

例如:IneedtodomyhomeworkThebikeneedsmending/reparing

11.athank-younotefor..感谢信

12.lookthrough浏览

13.getalong/onwellwith相处得好

14.atleast至少

15.atmost最多

16.becareful=lookout当心,小心

17.becarefultodo/nottodosth.小心做/不做某事

18.crossastreet=goacrossastreet过街(穿过表面)

19.gothrough穿过(空间/房间/森林等)

20.gopast经过/路过

21.comealong跟着来

22.sayinalow/loudvoice小声地/大声地说

23.somethingcost+钱=somethingisworth+钱某物值多少钱

24.ahigh/lowtemperature高/低温

25.thepriceishigh/low价格高/低

26.do/tryone’sbesttodosth.努力/尽力做某事

27.bynoon

28.lookthroughbooksinabookstore

29.aboyyou’veneverseenbefore

目标句型:反意疑问句句型如下:

注意:以下本单元语法反意疑问句容易考到的几个句型:

1.Itlookslikerain,doesn’tit?Yes,itdoes./No,itdoesn’t看起来要下雨了,是吗?

2.He’sreallygood,isn’the?他确实好,是吗?

3.Youarenewhere,aren’tyou?你是新来的,是吗?

4.YouhaveneverbeentoBeijing,haveyou?(never表达否定含义,后面用肯定)

5.Shehasfewfriends,doesshe?(few表达否定含义,后面用肯定)

6.Tomhadlittleworktodo,didhe?(little表达否定含义,后面用肯定)

7.Youcanhardlydothework,canyou?(hardly表达否定含义,后面用肯定)

8.Let’sgohome,shallwe?

9.Don’tbelateagain/Letusgohome,willyou?(祈使句用willyou;但Let’s开头的用shallwe)

10.Thankyousomuchforasking/inviting/havingme!非常感谢你邀请我

11.Howmuchdoesthatshirtcost=Howmuchistheshirt?那件衬衣值多少钱?

12.Hesureis.

13.Thisisgreatweather,isn’tit?Itsureis.Butit’salittlehotforme.

14.Thelineisslow,isn’tit?

15.Theirpricesarereallylow,aren’tthey?

16.Howbigisyourapartment?

17.DidyouseethegameonTVFridaynight?

18.Sometimesitisn’teasybeingthenewkidatschool.

19.Thevideoyoushowedwasreallyfun.

20.Iwashavingahardtimefindingituntilyoucamealong.

21.Friendslikeyoumakeitaloteasiertogetalonginanewplace.

22.Thanksfortheticketsfornextweek’sgame.I’mreallyhappytohavethetickets.

23.I’llthinkofyouaswewatchtheBlackSockswinthegame.

24.Thetrafficisverybusyatthistime.

25.I’mgoingtolookthroughthenewspaperforaholidayjob.

26.Becarefultolookbothwaysbeforeyoucrossthestreet.

27.Ifyouhavefinishedyourhomework,youcouldhelpwithcleaningandcooking.

八年级英语下册重点句型和短语汇总仁爱版


教案课件是老师上课做的提前准备,大家开始动笔写自己的教案课件了。只有制定教案课件工作计划,接下来的工作才会更顺利!适合教案课件的范文有多少呢?以下是小编收集整理的“八年级英语下册重点句型和短语汇总仁爱版”,供大家借鉴和使用,希望大家分享!

八年级英语下册重点句型和短语汇总仁爱版

一、重点词语:

1.wakeup醒来,唤醒getup起床

2.gotoschool去上学gohome回家

3.godancing/shopping/skating/swimming去跳舞;购物、滑冰;游泳

godoingsomething可用于表达去进行某种娱乐休闲活动。

4.表示交通方式:

onfoot步行

byboat坐船byship坐船byair乘飞机

byplane乘飞机bytrain坐火车bysubway搭乘地铁

bycar坐小汽车bybus坐公共汽车bybike骑自行车

5.takethesubway/bus/car搭乘地铁;公共汽车;小汽车

6.driveacartowork=gotoworkbycar驾车去上班

takeabustowork=gotoworkbybus乘公共汽车去上班

gotoschoolonfoot=walktoschool步行去上学

7.rideabike/horse骑自行车;骑马

8.afterschool/class放学以后;下课以后

9.playthepiano/guitar/violin弹钢琴;吉他;小提琴

playbasketball/soccer/football打篮球;踢足球;打橄榄球

playcomputergames玩电脑游戏

playwithacomputer玩电脑

playsports做运动

10.nextto紧挨着,在…旁边

11.aplanofmyschool一幅我们学校的平面图

12.onweekdays在工作日

atweekends在周末

13.havebreakfast/lunch/supper/dinner/meals吃早餐;中餐;晚餐;正餐;一日三餐

haveclasses/lessons/ameeting上课;上课;开会

14.watchTV/movies/games/theanimals看电视;电影;比赛;动物

readnovels/newspapers/books看小说;报纸;书

15.washone’sface/clothes洗脸;衣服

16.反义词:up–down,early–late近义词:quickly–fast

getupearly早起belatefor迟到

17.thefirst/second/third/fourthday第一;二;三;四天

18.cleanthehouse打扫房子

19.表示建筑物(尤其学校建筑物):

ontheplayground在操场

atschool/home/table在学校;家里;桌旁

inacomputerroom/teachers’office/classroombuilding/gym/library/lab/canteen

在电脑室;教师办公室;教学楼;体操馆;图书馆;实验室;食堂

20.aroundsixo’clock=ataboutsixo’clock大约在六点

21.频率副词:never,seldom,sometimes,often,usually,always

二、重点句型:

1.It’stimetogetup.该起床的时候了。

It’stimeforbreakfast.=It’stimetohavebreakfast=It’stimeforhavingbreakfast.该吃早饭了

2.Youmustgotoschoolearly.你必须早点去上学。(主观因素造成“必须”)

Ihavetowashmyfacequickly.我不得不迅速地洗脸。(客观因素造成“必须”)

3.HappyNewYear!Thesametoyou!新年快乐!也祝你新年快乐!

4.Howaboutyou?=Whataboutyou?你怎么样?

5.Ittastesgood.它尝起来很好。Itsoundsgood.它听起来很好。

6.Howdoyouusuallygotoschool?Iusuallygotoschoolbybike.

你通常怎样去上学?我通常骑自行车去上学。

Whatdoyouusuallydoafterschool?Iusuallyplaycomputergames.

你通常放学做什么?我通常玩电脑游戏。

7.Howdoessheusuallygotowork?Sheusuallygoestoworkbycar.

她通常怎样去上班?她通常开车去上班。

Whatdoesheusuallydoafterclass?Heusuallyreadsnovels.

他通常下课后做什么?他通常看小说。

8.Theearlybirdcatchestheworm!早起的鸟儿有虫吃。/笨鸟先飞。

9.Where’sMr.Zhougoing?He’sgoingtoShanghai.周先生将要去哪里?他将要去上海。

三、语法学习:复习一般现在时和现在进行时。

一般现在时:

1.区别含有be动词和行为动词的肯定句式。

Iamathome.√Istayathome.√Iamstayathome.×Shestayathome.×

2.一般疑问句、否定句表达的不同方式:

Areyouathome?Doyoustayathome?Doesshestayathome?

Yes,Iam.No,Iamnot.Yes,Ido.No,Idon’t.Yes,shedoes.No,shedoesn’t.

Iamnotathome.Idon’tstayathome.Shedoesn’tstayathome.

3.主语为第三人称单数时,谓语行为动词的变化。

SheplayscomputergamesonSundays.

ShestudiesEnglisheverymorning.

Shegoestoschoolonweekdays.

Shehasbreakfastat6:45.

4.用法:

(1)表示现在的状况:Iamateacher.Youarestudent.TheyareinLondon.

(2)表示经常的或习惯性的动作:Iusuallygotoschoolonfoot.Sheplaystenniseverymorning.

(3)表示主语具备的性格和能力等:Helikesplayingbasketball.Theydothecooking.

现在进行时:

1.基本句式结构:Iamplayingwithacomputer.

2.现在分词构成法:

go–goingplay–playinghave–havingdrive–driving

run–runningswim–swimmingbegin–beginning

3.用法:

(1)表示现在正在进行的动作:Sheishavingdinner.她正在用餐。

(2)方位动词的现在进行时可用来表示将要发生的动作:I’mgoing.我要走了。

四、交际用语:谈论交通工具及如何上学和日常生活。

主要句型:

Howdoyouusuallygotoschool?Iusuallygotoschoolbybike.

I’mridingabikenow.

What’sshedoing?She’sdancing.

Doyouoftengotothelibrary?

新目标英语八年级英语下册第四单元重点短语和句型归纳


新目标英语八年级英语下册第四单元重点短语和句型归纳

Unit4HesaidIwashard-working

1.everySaturday每周六

2.firstofall首先

3.both……and……两者都(谓语动词要注意对称原则)

4.neither….nor两者都不(谓语动词要注意就近和对称原则)

5.mostof…绝大多数

6.anexcitingweek令人兴奋的一周

7.agreeonsomething同意某人的计划;对….取得一致意见

8.agreetodosth.答应/同意做…

9.passon(to)传递

10.besupposedtodosth.被期望或被要求做......

11.bemadat……对……疯狂/生气

12.dobetterin=bebetterat在......方面做得更好

13.beingoodhealth身体健康

14.reportcard 成绩单

15.sound/feel/smell/taste/look是连系动词,一般只能跟adj.做表语

16.soundlike/feellike/smelllike/tastelike/looklike

听起来像…/感觉像…/闻起来像…/尝起来像…/看起来像…+sb./sth.

17.get…over 克服;恢复;原谅

18.openup 打开/展开/开发/揭露

19.carefor 照料;照顾;意愿;计较

20.havea(surprise)partyforsb.为某人举行一次(惊喜0聚会

21.end-of-yearexam=finalexam期末考试

22.not----anymore不再

23.doahomeproject做作业

24.besurprisedhappyexcitedtodosth做某事感到惊讶、高兴、激动

25.begetnervous感到紧张

26.haveaveryhardtimewith..在---日子不好过

27.andisappointingresult令人失望的结果

28.takeleaveamessage捎(留)个口信

29.haveabigfight

30.itisagoodideaforsb.todosth

31.toteachinChina’sruralareas

32.feellucky

33.peoplewhoneedhelp需要帮助的人

34.somethingwecandoforthem我们能为他们做的事

35.thereisnodifferencebetween…and..在...和...之间没有区别

36.Groupsandtheworktheydo

新目标英语八年级下册1-10单元重点短语及句型总汇

37.theHopeProject希望工程

38.fortunately

本单元目标句型:

转述他人话语:Whatdidsb.say?HesaidI…Shesaidshe…Theysaid…

1.许老师告诉我徐梦蝶会说二种语言。Mr.XutoldmethatXuMengdiecouldspeakthreelanguages.

2.许老师说地球绕着太阳转。Mr.Xusaid(that)theearthturnsaroundthesun.

3.许老师告诉我他将去北京。ShetoldmehewouldgotoBeijingthenextday.

4.许老师说欧洋正在做作业Mr.XusaidOuYangwasdoinghishomeworkatthattime.

5.许老师说王硕研勤奋。Mr.XusaidWangShuoyanwashard-working.

6.在英语上,与听相比,我更擅长于读。InEnglish,I’mbetteratreadingthanlistening.

7.情况怎样?How’sitgoing?

8.她不想再当我最好的朋友了。Shedidn’twanttobemybestfriendanymore.

9.Isaiditwouldstartabadhabit,andthatshewoulddoherownwork.

10.That’saboutallthenewsIhavenow.MumandDadsendtheirlove.

11.Shesaidhelpingotherschangedherlife.

12.TeachinghighschoolstudentsinapoormountainvillageinGansuProvincemaynotlikefun

toyou.

13.ThePekingUniversitygraduatefirstwentthereasanvolunteeronaone-yearprogram.

14.LifeinthemountainswasanewexperienceforLangLei.Hervillagewas2,000metereabovethesealevel,andatfirstthethinairmadeherfeelsick.

15.Youngpeopletodayneedtoexperiencedifferentthings

16.Someofthestudentsmaynotbeabletogotoseniorhighschoolorcollage.

17.Icanopenupmystudents’eyestotheoutsideworldandgivethemagoodstartinlife.

18.Shesaidshelikesbeingagoodinfluenceinthechildren’slives.

19.ShenowworksasamathteacheratahighschoolinthecityofPingliang,GansuProvince.

20.YouareatB’shouseworkingonahomeworkproject.

21.Youweresupposedtomeetatthebusstopthismorningtoreturnit,butAdidn’tcometothebusstop.

22.AcallsyouwithamessageforC.Passonthemessage,andthengiveC’sanswertoA.

23.Whataresomethingsthathappenonsoapoperas?

本单元语法讲解

直接引语和间接引语

(一)直接引述别人的原话,叫做直接引语;用自己话转述别人的话,叫做间接引语。间接引语一般构成宾语从句。直接引语必须放在引号内,间接引语则不用引号。直接引语改为间接引语时,除将引语部分变成宾语从句外,还必须对直接引语中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等进行改变。

1.时态的变化:直接引语变为间接引语时,通常受转述动词said,asked等的影响而使用过去化的时态,即把原来的时态向过去推,也就是一般现在时变

一般过去时,现在进行时变为过去进行时等。例如:

 Tomsaidtome,“Mybrotherisdoinghishomework.”

 →Tomsaidtomethathisbrotherwasdoinghishomework.

2.人称代词、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等等的变化;根据意义进行相应的变化。如:

 SheaskedJack,“Wherehaveyoubeen?”→SheaskedJackwherehehadbeen.

 Hesaid,“Thesebooksaremine.”→Hesaidthatthosebookswerehis.

(二)直接引语改为间接引语时,都使用陈述语序,但是因为原句的句式不同,所以变成间接引语时所用的连词

会有所不同。

1.陈述句的间接引语:陈述句由直接引语变间接引语,由that引导,可以省略。

 “Iwanttheblueone.”hetoldus.“我想要兰色的。”他说。

 →Hetoldusthathewantedtheblueone.他说他想要兰色的。

 Shesaidtome,“Youcan’tdoanythingnow.”她对我说:“此刻你无法做任何事情。”

→ShetoldmethatIcouldn’tdoanythingthen. 她对我说那时我无法做任何事。

2.疑问句的间接引语

直接引语如果是疑问句,变成间接引语后,叫做间接疑问句。间接疑问句为陈述语序,句末用句号,动词时

态等的变化与间接陈述句相同。引述动词常用ask,wonder,wanttoknow等间接疑问句一般有三种:

(1).一般疑问句由直接引语变为间接引语时,由whether或if引导。如:

 “HasheeverworkedinShanghai?”Jimasked.“他在上海工作过吗?”吉姆问。

 →Jimaskedwhether/ifhehadeverworkedinShanghai.吉姆问他是否在上海工作过。

 “Canyoutellmethewaytothehospital?”Theoldmanasked.

那个老人问:“你能告诉我去医院的路吗?

 →TheoldmanaskedwhetherIcouldtellhimthewaytothehospital.

那老人问我是否能告诉他去医院路。

(2).特殊疑问句由直接引语变为间接引语时,仍由原来的疑问词引导。如:

 “Whichroomdoyoulivein?”Heasked.“你住哪个房间?”他问我。

 →HeaskedmewhichroomIlivedin.他问我住哪个房间。

 “Whatdoyouthinkofthefilm?”Sheasked.她问“你怎么看这部电影?”

 →Sheaskedherfriendwhatshethoughtofthefilm.她问她朋友怎么看这部电影。

(3).选择疑问句由直接引语变为间接引语时,由whether/if…or引导。如:

“IsityourbikeorTom’s?Mumasked.妈妈问:“这是你的自行车还是汤姆的?”

→Mumaskedwhether/ifitwasmybikeorTom’s.妈妈问这是我的自行车还是汤姆的。

“Doesyoursisterlikebluedressesorgreenones?”Kateasked.

“你妹妹喜欢兰色的裙子还是绿色的?”凯特问。

 →Kateaskedwhether/ifmysisterlikedbluedressesorgreenones.

凯特问我妹妹喜欢兰色裙子还是绿色的。

3.祈使句的间接引语当祈使句变为间接引语时,间接祈使句的引述动词常用tell,ask,order,beg,

request,order等,而把直接祈使句变成带to的不定式短语。如:

 Jacksaid,“Pleasecometomyhousetomorrow,Mary. ”杰克说:“玛丽,明天请到我家来。”

 →JackaskedMarytogotohishousethenextday. 杰克请玛丽第二天到他家去。

 Theteachersaidtothestudents,”Stoptalking.”老师对学生们说:“不要讲话了。”

 →Theteachertoldthestudentstostoptalking.老师让学生们不要说话了。

 “Don’ttouchanything.”Hesaid.“不要碰任何东西。”他说。

 →Hetoldusnottotouchanything.他对我们说不要碰任何东西。

4.动词时态和代词等的变动

(1).某些代词,限定词,表示时间或地点的副词和个别动词在间接引语中的变化规则:

直接引语 间接引语

todaythatday

now then,atthatmoment

yesterdaythedaybefore

thedaybeforeyesterday twodaysbefore

tomorrow thenextday/thefollowingday

thedayaftertomorrow twodaysafter,/intwodays

nextweek/monthetcthenextweek/monthetc

lastweek/monthetctheweek/monthetc.before

herethere

this that

thesethose

come go

bringtake

(2).如果引述动词为现在时形式,则间接引语中的动词时态,代词,限定词和表示时间或地点的副词不用变化。而如果引述动词是过去时,以上内容就要有相应变化。变化情况如下:现在时间推移到过去的时间(注意:如果直接引语是表示客观规律的,那么时态仍然用一般现在时

一般现在时→一般过去时;

现在进行时→过去进行时;

一般将来时→过去将来时;

现在完成时→过去完成时;

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