Part1SampleTeachingPlans第一部分教案范例
Goals
LearnabouteducationinChinaandothercountries
Talkaboutstudymethodsandlearningstyles
Practisemakingcomparisons
Integrativelanguagepractice
Writereport
Period1Let’slistenandspeak!
Goals
TalkabouteducationinChinaandothercountries.
TalkaboutsomegreateducatorsinChinaandothercountries.
CompareeducationinChinaandothercountries.
Learntoreadthegraphs.
Talkabouttheachievements,progressandproblemsineducationinChina.
Listenforgist.
Procedures
Step1Leadingin(1)bydiscussion.(pairwork,approx.5mins.)
T:Hi,everyone.Todaywe’regoingtotalkabouteducationandsomegreateducatorsinChinaandinothercountries.Doyouknowanygreateducators?
(GiveSs3minstodiscussitinpairs,thenpresenttheirresultstothewholeclass.)
Leadingin(2)bywarmingup(groupwork,approx.10mins.)
Hello,boysandgirls.Lookatthepicturesinthewarminguppartonpage100,andthinkaboutthefollowingquestions.
(1)Theeducatorsinthepicturesareallfamous.Whendidtheyliveandwheredidtheycomefrom?
(2)Doyouknowhowtheytaughttheirstudents?Howwasitdifferentfromyourowneducation?
(3)Writedownwhatyouknowaboutthefoureducatorsinthechartonthenextpageandthenreporttotheclass.
EducatorTimeCountryWayofteaching
ConfuciusSpringandAutumnPeriodinChinesehistoryChinawiththeprinciplesofgoodconduct,practicalwisdom,andpropersocialrelationships
AntonMakarenko1888–1939RussiaHistheoriesemphasizedtheimportanceofphysicallabor,discipline,andthecollectiveineducation.
AnneSullivan1866-1936theUSAaspecialeducator
showloveandpatiencetostudents
TaoXingzhi1891-1946Chinathetheoryof"LifeEducation"
heproposed"unityofteaching,learning,andreflectiveacting."
Hebelievedthatoneshoulddofirst,thenonewillknow.
(ForSs’limitedknowledge,teacherscanshowthefollowinginformation.)
Step2Listening
SaytoSs:Thefoureducatorsmadegreatcontributionstotheyoungstudents’education.Andweknowthateducationisofgreatimportancetoacountry.TheeducationinChinahasbeenimprovedalot.Buttherearestillalotforustodoandtobelearnedfromothercountries.Nextlet’slistentotwostudentscomparingeducationinChinaandtheUSA.
1.Beforeyoulistentothetape,thinkaboutthefollowingquestions.
(1)WhatdoyouknowabouteducationintheUnitedStates?
(2)HowisitsimilartoChineseeducation?Howisitdifferent?
2.Beforeyoulistentothetape,pleasegothroughthechatbelow.
3.Nowlet’slistentothetapeandmakenotesundereachheadinginpairs.
ComparisonofeducationinChinaandtheUSA
Classsize
Methodofteaching/Teachingstyle
Homework
Exams
4.Afterthefirstlistening,encouragetheSstosaywhatthey’vegotfromthetapeandcollectthemontheblackboard.
5.Listentothetapeforthesecondtimefordetails.HelpSstofinishthechart.
6.Tomakethestudentsunderstandthepassagebetter,letthemlistentothetapeforthelasttime.
Step3Speaking
T:Weshouldsaythateducationisveryimportanttoacountry.Toourgreatjoy,educationinChinahasmadegreatimprovement.Nowpleaselookatthegraphsonpages101to102anddiscussthefollowingquestions.Beforeyoudiscussthem,let’sgothroughsomewordsandphrases.
statistics:(usedwithapl.verb)Numericaldata.
(与复数动词连用)统计数据
graph:Adiagramthatexhibitsarelationship,oftenfunctional,betweentwosetsofnumbersasasetofpointshavingcoordinatesdeterminedbytherelationship.
曲线图;座标图;图解
bargraph[统]条线图
linegraph[数]线图
Nowpleaselookatthetwographsonpage102anddiscussthequestionsontherightinagroupoffour.
Good,you’vegotagoodideaabouteducationinChina.Withtheresultsyouhavegot,pleasetalkabouttheachievements,progressandproblemsineducationinChina.Thefollowingwordsandphrasesmaybeusefulforyourdiscussion.
aheavyworkloadtoreducetheworkloadtomeetparents’expectation
tobestrictwithtoraiseacademicstandardsunderhighpressure
Homework
1.Askthestudentstocollectmoreinformationaboutthefourfamouseducators:Confucius,AntonMakarenco,AnnaSullivan,TaoXingzhi.
2.Askthestudentstocollectsomeinformationabouttheeducationinthecity/province.
3.Askthestudentstolistalltheequipment,peopleandplansthatareneededtorunaschool.
Period2Let’sread!
(Educationforall)
Goals
◆Providestudentswiththegoal“EDUCATIONFORALL”andthepresentsituationofeducationinChinaandothercountries.
◆Improvestudents’abilityofreadingcomprehension.
Procedures
Step1Leadingin
1.Talkabouttheeducationinthecityorprovince.
2.Talkabouttheequipment,peopleandplansthatareneededtorunaschool.
Conclusion:Weareluckyenoughtohavequitegoodeducationinourcity.Buttherearemanychildrenwhodon’thavethechancetogotoschoolbecauseofvariousreasons.InChinawehavethe“HopeProject”thathelpsmanychildrenwhoareunabletogotoschool.Andalsothereisaprojectnamed“Educationforall”.Todaywe’lltalkabout“Educationforall”.
Step2Readingforgeneralideas
Askstudentstoreadthepassage“Educationforall”andmatchthebestheadingforeachparagraphinthetext.
Suggestedanswers:
BEducationforallchildrenworldwidewillbedifficulttoachieve
DSolvingtheproblemofteachingqualityinremoteareas
ACompulsoryeducationforallChinesechildren
FProblemsofnumberandlocation
CEncouragingpeopleinruralareastoaccepteducation
EMeetingthecost
GEducationforAll---aninternationaltarget
Step3Readingandcopying
UsefulexpressionsfromEDUCATIONFORALL
compulsoryeducation,thefuturewelfare,theWorldEducationForum,themembercountries,tomakeacommitment,get…into…,tobeginwith,apositiveattitude,playa/an…role,toattachimportanceto…,beskepticalof…,dropout,bedistributed,theremotecentralandwesternprovinces,spreadout,bytwo-wayradioandmail,relyon,non-governmentalorganizations,todonatesth.,provide…with…,toadoptdistancelearningmethod,computerizedteachingnetworks,toovercome…,toaccomplish…,ahugetask.
Step4Furtherunderstandingofthepassage
Askstudentstodothetask2onpage104.
Well,class,pleasegothroughthesentencesontask2onpage104andtrytofindoutthemistakesineachsentence.
Inordertoachievethegoalof“educationforall”,differentcountriesusedifferentwaystosolvetheirownproblems.Trytofindoutwhichcountriesusethefollowingmethodstohelpthemprovideeducation.
Distancelearning,mixed-gradeclasses,moneyfrominternationalorganizations,moneyfromlocalorganizations.
Nowpleasediscussinagroupoffourifthereareanywaysinwhicheducationinyourareacouldbeimprovedandwhichyouthinkisthemostimportantaspecttochange.
Step5Homework
1reviewthepassage:Educationforall
2.Finishtheexercisesin“Languagestudy”part.
Period3Let’sreadandwrite!
(Howwelearn)
Goals
1.Readaboutthestudytips.
2.Writeaboutareportanalyzingthewayyoulearn.
Procedures
Step1:Listeningandreadingaloud.
Ⅰ.Hello,boysandgirls,youhavebeenastudentforsomeyears.Haveyoufoundagoodwaytocarryoutyourstudy.Todaywe’llreadapassagenamed“Howwelearn”.FirstreadaloudtotherecordingofthetextHOWWELEARNonpage107.Payattentiontothepauses,thepronunciationandtheintonationwhilelisteningandreadingaloud.
Post-readingquestions:
1.Whydostudentslearnindifferentways?
2.Whatarethethreebasiclearningstyles?
3.Whatisthelimitationofteachers’teachinginclassrooms?
Suggestedanswers:
1.Becausedifferentpeoplehavedifferentwaysofobtaininginformationandusevariousmethodstodemonstratetheirintelligenceandability.
2.Theyare:learningthroughseeing;learningthroughlisteningandlearningthroughdoing.
3.Restrictionsoftime,spaceandresourcesoftenmakeitimpossibleforteacherstoprovidethebestexercisesforalllearners.
Ⅱ.Ok,class,justnowwetalkedaboutthethreelearningstyles.Nowlet’strytousetheminourrealstudy.Decidewhichofthestudytipsbelowarebestsuitedforthethreedifferenttypesoflearnersdescribedinthepassage.
suggestedanswers:
Organiseastudyscheduletoincludefrequentbreaks.(learningthroughseeing)
Studyinaquiteplacewhereyoucannothearotherpeopletalking.(learningthroughseeing)
Rememberingthingswillbeeasierifyouputthewordstomusicandmakealittle“memorysong”.(learningthroughdoing)
Takepartinclassdiscussionsanddebates.(learningthroughlistening)
Drawcharts,graphs,diagrams,flowchartsorpicturestoorganizeinformationwhentakingnotes.(learningthroughseeing)
IfpossibleuseacomputerandDVDStohelpyoustudy.(learningthroughseeing)
Makepresentationstoclassmatesordiscussideaswithyourclassmates.
(learningthroughlistening)
Concentrateonsimilaritiesanddifferencesyoucanobserve.(learningthroughdoing)
Movearoundwhilestudying.Forexample,readwhiledoingexercises.
(learningthroughdoing)
Putpostersandphotosaroundyourdeskandhaveastresstoytoplaywithasyouwork.
(learningthroughdoing)
Listentoandrememberfunnystoriesandbackgroundinformation.
(learningthroughlistening)
Createmaps,buildmodelsordrawanddesignthings.(learningthroughdoing)
Takepartinartprojects.(learningthroughdoing)
Writeaboutthethingsyouhavetolearn.(learningthroughdoing)
ⅢNowlet’stalkaboutourlearningstylesinagroupoffour.Evaluateandcompareyourlearningstylesanddiscusshowtoimprovethewayyoustudy.
Step2:Copyingdownexpressions.
Asisknown,languageismadeupofwordsandexpressions.So,whynotreadthearticleandwritedownallthoseexpressionswhichareusefultoyou!
Step3Writinganarticle
Writeanarticleanalyzingthewayyoulearn,usingtheoutlinebelowtohelpyoutoorganiseyourideas.
Part2DiscourseStudies第二部分篇章学习
1.Typeofwritingandsummaryoftheidea课文体裁、中心思想和段落大意
ReadingthetextEDUCATIONFORALL,andthencompletethefollowingchart.
TypeofwritingThisisapieceofdescriptivewriting
MainideaofthepassageIttellsabouttheworld-wideeffortstoachievethegoalof“Educationforall”
MainideaofPara.1CompulsoryeducationforallChinesechildren
MainideaofPara2Educationforallchildrenworldwidewillbedifficulttoachieve
MainideaofPara3Encouragingpeopleinruralareastoaccepteducation
MainideaofPara4Solvingtheproblemofteachingqualityinremoteareas
MainideaofPara5Meetingthecost
MainideaofPara6Problemsofnumberandlocation
MainideaofPara7EducationforAll---aninternationaltarget
2.Graphicrepresentationofthetext课文图解
3.Aretoldpassageofthetext课文复述
Retellthetextusingabout100words.
Notes:
1.Trytouseyourownwords.
2.Makeuseofthechartabovewhileretelling.
3.Thepossibleversionbelowcanbeusedasmaterialforbothretellinganddictation.
Apossibleversionoftheretoldtext:
In1986,theChinesegovernmentintroducedthelawof“nineyearsofcompulsoryeducation”foreveryChinesechildbytheyear2000,whichturnsouthighlysuccessful.
Allthegovernmentsintheworldrealizethatthefuturewelfareofthecitizensiscloselylinkedtoeducation.Forthecalculated113millionchildrennotbeinginschoolfromtheWorldEducationForum,theUNESCOmadeacommitmenttoprovide“educationforall”by,whichhassimilardifficultiesindifferentcountries.
Tocreateapositiveattitudeisimportantincarryingoutthegoal,especiallyinareaswhereagricultureplaysanimportantroleandchildrenhaveatendencytobeabsentandoftendropouttohelpworkinthefields.
China’slargepopulationandbiglandmeantthepossibilityofthelargeclasssizesandmixed-gradeclasses.InAustraliatheso-spread-outpopulationuse“distancelearning”methodswiththehelpoftwo-wayradioandmail.
Thesuccessinbringingeducationtoalldependsoneconomy.Sosomegovernmentsrelyonaidfromothercountries,internationalorganizations.
Everycountryfacesproblemsineducation,whichmakesthegovernmentslookforwaystosolvethem.
TheChinesegovernmenthasovercomeproblemstoaccomplishthegoal,whichisnotsointheleastdevelopednationsinAfricaandAsia.Sothegoalwillbeahugetaskfortheworld.
Part3KeyWordsandExpressions第三部分词汇与短语
load[]
n.1.(车、船、人、畜等的)负荷;负担;载重
Thetruckwascarryingaloadofbananas.这辆卡车装着一车香蕉。
Wehavetomakethreeloadsofthecargo.我们得把货物分装三车。
2.(车辆等的)载重量
I’veorderedtwolorry-loadsofsand.我已定购了两卡车沙子。
3.(一个成员、一台机器等的)工作量,负荷
Ihaveafairlylightteachingloadthisterm.这个学期我的教学负担相当轻。
4.(常与of连用)大量,许多(aloadof/loadsof)
Tothereadersdisappointment,theleadingarticleinthisissueofthemagazineisaloadofrubbish.这期杂志上的主要文章废话连篇,使读者大失所望。
v.1.(常与up,with连用)装,装满,载满
Weloadedthetruckwithbananas.我们把香蕉装上卡车。
2.装上(弹匣、胶卷)
Don’tmove!Thegunisloaded.别动!这支枪是上了膛的。
workload[]
n.1.工作量,工作负担
Shehasaveryheavyworkload.她的工作负担很重。
strict[strikt]
adj.1.严格的,严厉的(规则或行为)(+with)
Ourteacherisstrict;wehavetodowhatshesays.
我们的老师很严格,我们不得不按她说的去做。
2.精确的;完整的
Hemadeastrictanalysisoftheexperiment.
他对这个实验做了个精确的分析。
compulsory[]
adj.1.义务的;强制的;强迫的
EducationiscompulsoryforallchildreninBritainbetweentheageof5and16.
在英国5岁到16岁的儿童都要接受义务教育。
commitment[]
n.1.承诺;
Thegeneralhasrepeatedhiscommitmenttoholdingelectionsassoonaspossible.
将军重申了尽快进行选举的承诺。
2.责任;承担义务
Ivetakenontoomanycommitments.
我承担的义务太多了。
3.忠诚,信奉,支持
Thecompany’ssuccessthisyearwouldnothavebeenpossiblewithoutthecommitmentanddedicationofthestaff.如果没有员工的奉献精神,公司今年的成功是不可能的。
sceptical[]
adj.怀疑的
Everyonesaysourteamwillwin,butI’mskepticalof/aboutit.
人人都说我们队会赢,但我对此表示怀疑。
tendency[]
n.1.倾向;趋势①(+to,towards)Thereisanincreasingtendencytowardstheuseoffirearmsbycriminals.罪犯使用枪械的趋势在上升。
②(+tov.)Thereisagrowingtendencyforpeopletoworkathomeinsteadofinoffices.
人们在家里而不是在办公室工作的趋势日益增长。
2.癖好,秉性①(+to,towards)He’salwayshadatendencyto/towardsfrivolity.
他向来表现出轻浮的倾向。
②(+tov.)TheteachercriticizedhistendencytoviewworldaffairspurelyintermsoftheEast-Westconflicts.老师批评了他那种单纯从东西方冲突的角度去观察国际事务的倾向。
expand[]
vi.vt.1.扩大,膨胀Thebusinesshasexpandedfromhavingoneofficetohavingtwelve.
这个公司已从一个分公司发展到拥有12个分公司了。
2.详述(故事,论证等),引申Idon’tquitefollowyourreasoning.Canyouexpand(onit)?
我不大理解你的论断,你能详细地加以说明吗?
You’llhavetoexpandyourargumentifyouwanttoconvinceme.你如果想使我信服,就必须详述你的论点。
3.Vi.(人)变得更友善更健谈Heexpandedalittlewhenhehadhadadrink,andstartedtotalkmorefreely.他喝了一杯酒,变得更友善,并开始畅谈起来。
distribute[]
vt.1.分发,分配某事物(+sth.to/amongsb./sth.)
Thedemonstratorsdistributedleafletstopassers-by.示威向行人分发传单。
2.使(某事物)散开,散布
Baggageloadedontoanaircraftmustbeevenlydistributed.
飞机载运的行李应均匀放置在各个部位。
拓展:distributionn.1.分发,分配(多作不可数名词)
Theboyscomplainedthatthedistributionofprizeswasunfair.
男孩们抱怨奖品分配不均。
2.分布,散布(多作不可数名词)
Thepine-treehasaverywidedistribution.
松树的分布很广。
corporation[]
n.1.公司;企业JohnworksforalargeAmericanchemicalcorporation.
约翰为一家美国大化学公司工作。
2.市政府
Thecorporationhasdecidedthatnoheavy-dutytrucksarepermittedtopassthroughthecentreofthecityduringrushhours.
市政当局决定高峰期间不允许载重卡车通过市中心。
拓展:corporate[]
adj.1.社团的;团体的
corporateresponsibility,action,etc共同的责任,行动等
2.市政府的;公司的
Corporateexecutivesusuallyhavehighsalaries.公司里的管理人员一般享有高薪。
donate[]
vt.捐赠;赠送
Thebusinessmandonatedalotofmoneytothehospital.这个商人捐给医院很多钱。
拓展:donation[]
n.1.捐赠;捐赠品;捐款
Shemadeadonationof$1,000totheChildren’sHospital.她捐了1,000美元给儿童医院。
curriculum[]
n.课程IsGermanonyourschool’scurriculum?你们学校有德语课吗?
ministry[]
n[C]1.(政府的)部MybrotherworksintheMinistryofNationalDefense.
我弟弟在国防部工作。
2.theministry[GP]神职界;(全体)牧师
Hisparentsintendedhimfortheministry.他的父母有意让他当牧师。
aspect[]
n.1.方面Hementionedonlyoneaspectoftheproblem.
他只提到问题的一个方面。
2.容貌,表情
Hewasseriousofaspectbutwhollyundistinguished.他面色严峻,却不过一庸人而已.
3.(房屋、门窗等的)朝向
Sheprefersahousewithasouthernaspect.
她喜欢朝南的房子。
profession[]
cn.1.专业,职业(尤指受过专门训练的,如法律、教学等)
Heisalawyerbyprofession.
他是职业律师。
2.信仰或信念的表白Hisprofessionofconcerndidnotseemsincere.
他所表示的关心看来并非出自内心。
拓展:professionaladj.[]
adj.1.从事专门职业的Alawyerisaprofessionalman.
律师是从事专门职业的人。
2.职业的,专业的
Forprofessionalfootballers,injuriesareanoccupationalhazard.对于职业足球运动员来说,受伤是职业本身带来的危险。
alongside[]
1.prep在…旁边;与…并排
Thecardrewupalongsidethekerb.小汽车在路边停下来。
2.adv.横靠着;沿着;傍着
Webroughtourboatalongside.
我们把船靠边。
advocate[]
1.vt.拥护;提倡;主张
Headvocatesbuildingmoreschools.他主张多建几所学校。
2.n.(常与of连用)拥护者;提倡者
Iamnotastrongadvocateof“Englishonly”inthereadingclass.
对于阅读课上只用英语,我不是个强烈的拥护者。
obtain[]
vt.,vi.得到,获得
Ihaventbeenabletoobtainthatbook.
我还没能得到那本书。
辨析:get,obtain,acquire,gain,win,earn这组动词的一般含义是“得到”。
obtain包含着“努力”、“希望”或“决意”去获得某物的意思。
Thejournalistimmediatelysetouttoobtaintheseimportantfacts.
那位新闻记者立即着手获取这些重要的资料。
Ordinarypeoplewouldthenbeabletousethemtoobtainvaluableinformation.
那时平常的人便能运用它们去获取宝贵的信息。
get是最普遍、使用范围最广的词
Isatinthefrontofthebustogetagoodviewofthecountryside.
我坐在公共汽车的前部,以得到有利于观赏农村风光的机会。
acquire虽然含有“努力获得”的意思,但更强调在原来的基础上自然增长或新的增添。
Afterhavingbeeninstructedtodriveoutoftown,Ibegantoacquireconfidence.
接到把车开出城的指令后,我的信心增长了。
gain有obtain的含义,但更强调目的物需要努力奋斗才能得到,而且这种东西具有价值,特别是物质价值。
Duringthattime,shesogainedmyauntsconfidencethatshewasputinchargeofthedomesticstaff.
在这期间,她得到了我姑姑如此的信任,结果被委任为家仆的负责人。
Apennysavedisapennygained.
省一文是一文。(谚语)
win虽然常常可以和gain换用,但win具有gain所不能表达的含义。如:获得者具有有利的品质
Itseemedcertainthatthiswouldwintheprize.
这一块会得奖,这似乎是肯定的了。
Thisinvariablywinsthemtheloveandrespectofothers.
这种行为常常为他们赢得别人的爱戴和尊敬。
earn包含着获得物与所花的气力是相互成比例的
Hisachievementsearnedhimrespectandadmiration.
他的成就为他赢得别人的尊敬和赞美。
Someofthemhavecomehomeforafewdayshard-earnedleave.
他们中的有些人已经回国,度过那得之不易的几天假日。
evident[]
1.adj.明显的
Itsevidentthatyouaretired.
显然你累了。
辨析:evident,obvious,clear,plain这组形容词都有“清楚的”或“明显的”意思。
evident在善于修辞的作者笔下,总包含一定的迹象。
Itsevidentthatsomeonehasbeenhere.
显然有人来过这里。
obvious所表示的“明显的”强调容易发现,常常用于修饰或说明那些本想掩盖而又没有能掩盖彻底的事情
Theropehadbeencut,soitwasobviousthatthelambhadbeenstolen.
绳子是被割断的,因此这只羊羔显然是被偷去的。
注:此句中的obvious换用evident则更确切。
Heisthestereotypedmonsterofthehorrorfilmsandtheadventurebooks,andanobvious(thoughnotperhapsstrictlyscientific)linkwithourancestralpast.
它们是恐怖电影和惊险小说中的老一套的怪物,并且与我们的祖先有着明显的(虽然可能没有科学的)联系。
clear(以及常见的plain)是口语中常用词,其含义为“清楚易懂”。clear除了“清楚的”,“清晰的”之外,还有许多其他含义。如“流畅的”,“无障碍的”等。
Thewaterofthelakeisasclearasglass.
湖水清彻如同明镜。
Hegaveaclearanswertothedirectquestion.
他对那个直截了当的问题作了清晰的答复。
plain除了“清楚的”、“浅显的”之外,也有些别的含义。如:aplainface(一个普通的或不漂亮的面孔)
TheletterwaswritteninplainEnglish.
那封信是用浅显的英语写的。
select[]
1.vt.挑选,选择;择优(selectsb./sth.assth.)
Iwasselectedfortheteam.
我被选入这个队。
2.adj.挑选的,精选的,择优的
aselectgroupoftopscientists最优秀科学家小组
afilmshowntoaselectaudience给内部观众反映的影片
辨析:choose,select,elect,pick
这些动词都指从一些可能性中做出选择。
Choose含有运用判断力在一些人、物或行为方式中选出一个的意思。
Wedonotchoosesurvivalasavalue;itchoosesus。
并不是我们把生存作为一种价值而选择了它;而是它选择了我们。
Select侧重于从许多不同种类中进行选择时的挑剔态度。
Fourskierswillbeselectedtorepresenteachcountry.
每个国家将选出四名滑雪者作为代表。
Elect强烈地暗示着通常在两者之间作出挑选时的深思细想。
Ielectednottogo.
我决定不去。
Pick和select一样,表示选择时的小心谨慎。
Ipickedabooktoread.
我选了一本书读。
suit[su:t,sju:t]
vt.1.满足;取悦;适意;对…方便
Itsuitsmeifyoucometoworkateightoclock.如果你八点来上班我就满意了。
2.适合,适当Thatdresssuitsyou.那套衣服你穿起来挺合适。
n.1.n.一套衣服,套装
abusinesssuit一套西装
2.诉讼
Heissuingfordivorce.
他向法院提出要求离婚。
restriction[]
n.限制;约束
Thereisarestrictionagainstsmokinginschools.
禁止在学校吸烟。
拓展:restrict[]
vt.限制;限定
Herestrictshimselftotwocigarettesaday.
他限制自己每天吸两支香烟。
schedule[]
n.时间表;进度表;程序表
Thenextthingonourscheduleistotelephoneourfriends.
我们的日程安排中要做的下一件事是给我们的朋友打电话。
presentation[]
n.1.[U]赠送,引见,提出,出席,演出
Theyarepreparingforthepresentationofanewmusical.他们正准备上演新的歌舞喜剧。
2.[U]赠送,引见,提出,出席,演出等的方式
Sheneedstoimproveherpresentationofthearguments.她需要改进阐述其论点的方式。
3.[C]所赠送,引见,提出,出席,演出的事物,赠品,礼物,(尤指经仪式)授予之物
Wewenttothepremiereoftheirnewpresentation.我们去观看了他们的新剧目的首场演出。
Thequeenwillmakethepresentationherself.女王将亲自授予礼品。
拓展:present
adj.[]
1.出席的;到场的
Howmanypeoplewerepresentatthemeeting?会议有多少人出席?
2.现在的;现存的
Whatisyourpresentjob?你现在的工作是什么?
vt.[]
1.赠予;颁予
Theypresentedflowerstotheirteacher.他们献花给老师。
Themayorpresentedasilvercuptothewinner.市长把银杯授予了获胜者。
2.提出;呈递
Thecommitteeispresentingitsinvestigationreportnextweek.
委员会将于下星期提出调查报告。
Thebakerpresentedhisbill.面包师呈上帐单。
3.表示;呈现
Hepresentedhisapologies.他表示道歉。
4.演出;公演
ThetheatrecompanyispresentingRomeoandJuliabyShakespearenextweek.
剧团下星期将演出莎剧罗密欧和朱丽叶。
5.介绍;引见;举荐
MayIpresentMrRobinsontoyou?可否让我向你介绍罗宾逊先生?
Thenewambassadorwaspresentedtothepresident.新大使被引见给总统。
6.展现
Healwayspresentsacalmsmilingface.他总是展现出平和的微笑。
7.表现;造成
Moneypresentsnodifficultytothem.资金对他们来说不成问题。
ExpressionsfromUnit12
tomakecomparisons做比较
comparison
1.[U]比较
Heshowedusagoodtyreforcomparison.他给我们一个好轮胎作比较。
2.comparisonofAto/and/withB,comparisonbetweenAandBA和B的比较
Itisoftenusefultomakeacomparisonbetweentwothings.
将两件事物相比较往往是有益的。
3.bear/standcomparisonwithsb./sth.比得上某人/某物
That’sagooddictionary,butitdoesn’tbearcomparisonwiththisone.
那是本好字典,但比不上这本。
4.by/incomparisonwithsb./sth.相比之下,比较起来
ThetallestbuildingsinLondonaresmallincomparisonwiththoseinNewYork.
tobeginwith
1.首先,第一
I’mnotgoing.TobeginwithIhaven’taticket,andsecondlyIdon’tliketheplay.
我不去。一来我没票,二来我不喜欢这出戏。
2.起初
Tobeginwithhehadnomoney,butlaterhebecamequiterich.
他起初没钱,可是后来相当富有了。
toattach
1.toattachsth.tosth.将某物系在、缚在或附在另一物上
toattachalabeltoeachpieceofluggage每件行李上都加上标签
2.toattachsb.tosb./sth.将某人派给(一人或一组织)去执行某任务,使隶属于(尤用于被动语态)
You’llbeattachedtothisdepartmentuntiltheendofthisyear.你在年底前将暂属于这一部门。
3.toattachoneselftosb./sth.(有时指不受欢迎或未受邀请而)依附某人、参加某事
AyoungmanattachedhimselftomeatthepartyandIcouldn’tgetridofhim.
聚会中有个小年青总缠着我,我也甩不开他。
4.toattachsth.tosth.将某一事物和另一事物相联系
Doyouattachanyimportancetowhathesaid?你认为他说的话重要吗?
5.toattachtosb.与某人相关联,归于某人
Noblameattachestoyouinthisblame.这件事不怪你。
dropout
1.(从活动、竞赛中)退出
Sincehisdefeathe’sdroppedoutofpolitics.他失败后就不再从事政治活动了。
2.中途退学,辍学
ShegotascholarshiptoCambridgebutdroppedoutayearlater.
她得到了剑桥大学的奖学金,但一年后就退学了。
其它词组:dropbehind落后
dropby顺便访问:停下做短暂访问
dropoff睡着;减少
dropin顺便走访,不预先通知的拜访
relyon/uponsb./sth.todosth.
1.依赖,指望某人、某事物
Ireliedonyourcomingearly.我指望你早点来。
2.信任、依赖某人/某事物
Youcanrelyonmetokeepyoursecret.你尽管相信我一定为你保密。
tendto有某种倾向;有…的趋势
Peopleunderstresstendtoexpresstheirfullrangeofpotential.
处于压力下的人容易发挥自己全部的潜力。
Period2Readingcomprehension
Pre-reading
1.Lookaroundourschoolandlistsomeequipment,peopleandplansthatareneededtorunaschool.Inordertorunaschool,weneed
2.Whatmeasuresdoesourgovernmenttaketohelpthepoorchildrentocontinuetheirstudies?
FastreadingFillsomenumbersintheblanks
1.In_____,theChinesegovernmentintroducedalawstatingthatbytheyear_____everyChinesechildwouldhave____yearsofcompulsoryeducation.
2.Itisreportedthat_____ofschool-agechildreninChinaattendedprimaryschoolby2004.3.WhentheWorldEducationForummetin_____,itcalculatedthattherewere____millionchildrennotinschool.
4.AttheForum,themembercountriesoftheUnitedNationsEducational,ScientificandCulturalOrganization(UNESCO)madeacommitmenttoprovide“complete,freeandcompulsoryprimaryeducationofgoodqualityforallchildrenby_____”.
5.IntheTurksandCaicosIslands,wheretherearelessthan_______people,thenumberofstudentsinsomeschoolissolowthatstudentsofseveraldifferentgradesaretaughtinthesameclassroom.
6.InnorthandcentralAustraliathepopulationissospreadoutthatchildreninsomeruralsettlementscanbeasfaras_____kmawayfromthenearestschool.
7.___________studentsinUnitedStateslivesinthecountryside,andprovidingthemwithafullcurriculumisdifficult.
8.Chinahasalsoadopteddistancelearningmethodssuchastelevisionlessonsandin_____,theMinistryofEducationintroducedcomputerizedteachingnetworksincentralandwesternChina.
CarefulreadingFinishthefollowingtrueorfalseexercise
1.AllofthechildrencanreceivenineyearsofcompulsoryeducationinChina.()
2.EducationforAllisthegoalofmanycountriesintheworld.()
3.Therearesometraditionalideasthatchildrenshouldnotgotoschoolandthatgirlsshouldstayathome.()
4.Largepopulation,shortageofteachersandmoneyareseriousproblemsinsomeareasofmanycountries.()
5.AllstudentscannotreceivethesamequalityofteachinginUSA.()
6.Thedevelopingcountriesmaynotovercomepromblemsofpopulationandeconomywiththehelpoftheinternationalcommunity()
Generalidea
ChoosethebestheadingforeachparagraphinthetextandputA,BC…andGintheblanks.
________Educationforallchildrenworldwidewillbedifficulttoachieve
________Solvingtheproblemofteachingqualityinremoteareas
________CompulsoryeducationforallChinesechildren
________Problemsofnumberandlocation
________Encouragingpeopleinruralareastoaccepteducation
________Meetingthecost
________EducationforAll—aninternationaltarget
Summary
countriesproblemssolutions
Chinaandother
developingcountries
Australia,USA
andother
developedcountries
Homework
1.Exercise2onP104
2.PreviewthelanguagepointsPleasefinishtheexercisesafterclass.
1.九年制义务教育__________________2.上小学______________________
3.与……..密不可分_________________4.承诺________________________
5.与…….相同_____________________6.首先,开始____________________
7.起着重要的作用__________________8.重视教育____________________
9.辍学____________________________10.吸收_______________________
11.混合年级的班级_________________12.中国政府___________________
13.教学质量_______________________14.住在农村___________________
15.对……怀疑_____________________16.远程教学_________________
Period3Languagepoints
Step1Revision
Retellthepassageinyourownwords:
InChina,asinothercountries,thegovernmenthasbeendoingitsbesttoprovideeveryschool-agechildnineyearsofcompulsoryeducationandtheoutcomeishighlysuccessful.Yet,problemsanddifficultiesremainintheruralareas,somepoorcountriesandless-populatedareas.Distancelearningandmixed-gradeclasseshelpedalot.Besides,someinternationalorganizationsandlocalorganizationsofferedmoneytomeetthecostinthepoorareas.Though“EducationforAll”—theinternationaltargetishardtoachieve,theUNESCO,everygovernmentandsomelocalorganizationsaredoingtheirbits.Thereisalongwaytogo,butwe’resuretosucceed.
Step2Wordsexplaining
absent_______________
compulsory________________
standard________________
curriculum________________
distribute_________________
tendency_________________
expand__________________
sceptical_________________
commitment_________________
load_________________
Step3Languagepoints
1.Itisreportedthat99%ofschool-agechildreninChinaattendedprimaryschoolby2004.
Itisreported(said,thought,hopedandetc)that…句型结构,通常表达“据报道(据说,人们认为,人们希望
等)”,其中句首的it是形式主语,真正的主语是that引导的从句内容。
e.g.Itishopedthatthechildrenwillcarryonourfamilytraditions.
我们期待孩子们能继承我们家族的传统。
2.InChina,asinothercountries,thegovernmentrealizesthatthefuturewelfareofitscitizensiscloselylinkedtoeducation.
belinkedto与……连接(相关)的。
e.g.Theislandwillbelinkedtothemainlandbyanewbridge.
Inareaswhereagricultureplaysanimportantrole,peopledonotattachimportancetoeducation,andparentsarescepticalofanythingthattakeschildrenawayfromtheirworkonthefarm.
句中where和that都引导定语从句。attach...to...(加于……之上)和bescepticalof(对……抱着怀疑的态度)是固定短语。
e.g.Noblameattachestohimfortheaccident.
这个事故他没有受到责备。
Weshouldattachprimaryimportancetothedevelopmentofeconomy.
我们要把发展经济的工作放在第一位。
4.Insomeculturesparentsareparticularlyunwillingtosendtheir
daughterstoschoolbecausethecustomistoeducateboysratherthangirls.
beunwillingtodo不愿意……;ratherthan胜于
e.g.Theseshoesarecomfortableratherthanpretty.
这双鞋不好看,但是舒服
5.Tosolvethis,Australiauses“distancelearning”methods,wherethestudentshavelessonsbytwo-wayradioandmail.
tosolvethis是目的状语提前,表示强调;另外句中where引导的是非限定性定语从句,修饰说明methods;此类定语从句比较特别,因为其中
的引导词并非表示地点的名词,类似的名词还有case,situation,condition等。
e.g.Canyouthinkofasituationwherethisidiomcanbeused?
你能想出一个使用这个成语的情况吗?
6.Inthesecountries,wheresomepeopledonotevenhavefreshwaterorbasichealthcare,reachingthetargetof“EducationforAll”willbeahugetask,despitehelpfromtheinternationalcommunity.
where引导非限定性定语从句;
reaching短语是句子的主语,despite是介词,其意义为“不管,尽管,不论”。
e.g.Despitethebadweatherwe
enjoyedourholiday.
尽管天气不好,我们的假期仍
过得很愉快。
Step4Homework
1.PleasedoEx.2and3onP106.
2.Ex.4onP106
Title:Youngwomenwhoareabletoreadandwrite
3.ReadtheparagraphonP106againandsummarizeit.
4.PreviewthepassageinINTEGRATINGSKILLS.
一名合格的教师要充分考虑学习的趣味性,作为教师就需要提前准备好适合自己的教案。教案可以让学生更容易听懂所讲的内容,帮助教师营造一个良好的教学氛围。所以你在写教案时要注意些什么呢?经过搜索和整理,小编为大家呈现“Unit 12 Education (教学一体案)”,相信能对大家有所帮助。
整体感知背景知识
keyschool
Thedesignation“keyschool”existsforselectedschoolsateverylevel:elementary,secondary,andhigher.Inaddition,therearevariouslevelsofthe“key”designationitself:Therearenationalkeyinstitutions;provincialormunicipalkeyinstitutions,andcountyordistrictkeyinstitutions.Keyschoolsallenjoypriorityfundingaswellastheprivilegeofrecruitingthebeststudents.Attheelementaryandsecondarylevels,thisconceptissimilartothatofa“magnet”or“collegepreparatory”schoolintheUnitedStates.Entryintosuchschoolsisbasedonexaminationandacademicpromiseandachievement.Forsuchschools,successusuallyismeasuredintermsofthepercentageofitsgraduatesenteringcollegesanduniversities----especiallythekeycollegesanduniversitiespriorityintheallocationoflimitedresources,thetrainingoftop-levelmanpowerforChina’sreconstructioncanbecarriedoutmoreefficiently.Incertainareas,the“keyschool”concepthascomeunderfire.Indeed,thesuccessofthekeyelementaryandmiddleschoolshasbeenmeasuredtoooftensolelyintermsofthecollegeplacementofitsstudents,ratherthanonmoreobjectivemeasurementsoflearning.Furthermore,remnantsofthesamesortofelitismthatshutdownthekeyschoolsduringtheCulturalRevolutionhavere-emerged,leadingtoquestioningbyeducationauthorities.Nevertheless,thevastmajorityofstudentsgainingadmissiontoChina’scollegesanduniversitiesaregraduatesofkeyuppermiddleschools.Thus,keyschoolsarelikelytocontinuetothriveaslongastheyenjoythenearmonopolyofplacingstudentsincollege.Finally,since1992,anewinformalcategoryofschoolshasemerged:theso-called“eliteschools.”Thesenon-governmentalschoolswithstate-of-the-artfacilitiesoftenchargeastronomicaltuitionfeesandcaterprimarilytochildrenofthenewandwealthyentrepreneurialclassinChina.“Eliteschools:existatalllevelsofeducation,fromkindergartenthroughhighereducation.(Formoreontheseschools,)
细说教材
warmingup
Allthepeopleinthepicturesarefamouseducators
画面里所有的人都是著名的教育家
[点拔]:educatorn.教育者,教育家
educatevt.教育
educationn.教育
educationaladj.有教育意义的,教育的,有关教育的
短语:educatesb.In/onsth.对人某人进行…教育
educatesb.todosth.教育某人做某事
e.g.:ShewaseducatedintheU.S.她是在美国受的教育
e.g.:Childrenneedtobeeducatedonthedangersofdrug-taking.有必要对儿童进行吸毒有害的教育
e.g.:aBritish-educatedlawyer.受英国教育的律师。
…andthenreporttotheclass
…然后向全班同学汇报
[点拔]:1.report动词,“汇报”:有以下搭配结构
report(on)sthtosb/doingtosb向某人报告某事
bereportedtodo(接动词不定式时,只用于被动语态)“报告说…”
e.g.:Thecommitteewillreportonitsresearchnextmonth.委员会下个月将汇报他们的研究情况。
e.g.:Theneighourreportedseeinghimleavethebuildingaroundroom.邻居们反映说在中午时分看见他离开了大楼。
e.g.:Thehousewasreportedtobeinexcellentcondition报告说明这房子的状况极佳。
2:reportvt.“报道,公布,发表,宣布”(事件,消息等)
注意句型结构:Itbereportedthat从句
相当于名型:主语+bereportedtodo句型。
e.g.:Itwasreportedthatseveralpeoplehadbeenarrested.
转换为:Severalpeoplewerereportedtohavebearrested.
据报道已有数人被捕。
report(on)sth“报道…”
e.g.:ShereportsonnewsfortheBBC.
她为英国广播公司做新闻报道。
3:reportn.“报道”,“汇报”常与介词on搭配。
e.g.:Arethesenewreportstrue?报纸上这些报道属实吗?
e.g.:aweatherreport天气预报
e.g.:Canyougiveusaprogressreport?你能给我们提供进度报告吗?
Listening:
Compareyournoteswithyourpartners.
与你的同佯交换你的看法
[点拔]:comparevt.“比较”
comparisonn.“比较”
注意短语:
compareAand/withB“比较A和B”“把A和B比较”
compareAtoB“把A比作B”
compareto/with…“和…相比”
e.g.:Wecarefullycomparedthefirstreportwiththesecond.我们仔细比较了第一份报告和第二份报告。
e.g.:Peoplealwayscompareteacherstoredcandles人们总是把把教师比作红蜡。
e.g.:Myownproblemsseemnothingcomparedwith/tootherpeople’s.与别人的问题相比,我自己的问题算不得什么。
[点拔]
comparenoteswithsb与某人交换看法或意见等
makeanoteof
makenotesof请记录下…
takeanotes/notesof记笔记…
注意以上短评意义上的区别。
Speaking
aheavyworkload沉重的工作负担
[点拔]:1.loadn.“负担,负载”e.g.:suchaheavyworkload.如此沉重的工作负担
2.loadn.“担子,货物”
短语:aloadof=loadsof接可数名词和不可数名词,“大量”,“许多”之意。
e.g.:Shehasgotloadsoffriends.
Shehasgotaloadoffriends.
她有许多朋友。
e.g.:Thereisloadsofworktodotoday.
今天有好多工作要做。
3.loadvt.译为“装载”
常见短语:
load…withsth相当于loadsthonto/into汉语意思是:“把某物装到…上”
e.g.:Wearestillloading.我们仍在装货。
e.g.:Menwereloadingupatruckwithwood..
转换为Menwereloadingupwoodontoatruck.
工人正在把木材装到卡车上。(工人们在卡车里装了木材。)
e.g.:Sheloadedfilmintothecamera.
转换为Sheloadedthecamerawithfilm.
他把胶卷装到了相机里。(他在相机里装了胶卷)
[点拔]
区别burden:“重负”,多指心理思想上压力。
load:“负荷”“担子”,多指物体、事物。
e.g.:bearaheavyburden.忍受学生的心理压力。
Hisagedfartherisbecomingaburdentohim
他年迈的爸爸正成为他的负担。
tobestrictwith对…严格要求
[点拔]:1、strictadj.“严格的”,“严厉的”,注意短语
bestrictwithsb.对…要求严格(人)。
bestrictinsth.对…要求严格(事/物)。
e.g.:astrictruleagainstsmoking禁止吸烟的严格制度。
e.g.:Theteacherisstrictwithusandstrictinhisworkaswell.
老师对我们要求很严格,对他的工作也很严格。
strictadj.精确的,严密的。
Pleasegiveastrictunderstanding.请给我一个准确的理解。
strictlyadv.严格地,固定习语Strictlyspeaking.
意为:“准确地说”,“严格地讲”。
e.g.:Strictlyspeaking,heisnotqualifiedthejob.
准确地说,他不是具备从事这工作的资格。
Reading
…everyChinesechildwouldhavenineyearsofcompulsoryeducation.
每一位中国儿童必须接受九年义务教育。
[点拔]:compulsoryadj.“义务的,有责任的”,“必须做的”。
e.g.:Ismilitaryservicecompulsoryinyourcountry?
你们国家实行义务兵役制度吗?
e.g.:IsEnglishacompulsorysubject?英语是必修科目的?
…thatthefuturewelfareoftheircitizensiscloselylinkedtoeducation.…公民的未来幸福与教育是紧密相关的。
[点拔]:1、closelyadv.“密切地”,“仔细地”,“紧紧地”
closelyadv.,与距离无关,指抽含意的关系近地。
Close也可作副词,意思是“near,notfaraway”
为“接近,靠近”之意,指距离近地。
e.g.:Theysatclosetogether.他们紧挨着做在一起。
e.g.:Icouldn’tgetcloseenoughtosee.我无法靠得很近去看清楚。
e.g.:Isatandwatchedeveryoneveryclosely.
我坐着仔细观察每一个人。
e.g.:Thetwoeventsarecloselyconnected.
两件事件之间有密切的关系。
[点拔]:link联系。
linkn.名词:“联系,连接”,“关系,纽带”,常见短语
linkbetweenAandB连接A和B/A和B之间的联系。
linkwithsth.与…联系。
e.g.:Policesuspecttheremaybealinkbetweenthetwomurders.
警方怀疑那两桩凶杀案可能有关联。
e.g.:WewillkeeptradelinkswithAsia.
我们将保持与亚洲的贸易关系。
linkv.动词,常见短语搭配
linkAto/withB(或linkAandB)把A和B连接起来。
e.g.:TheChannelTunnellinksBritainwiththerestofEurope.
英吉利海峡隧道把英国和欧洲其他国家连接起来了。
e.g.:Detectivehavelinedthebreak-intoasimilarcrimeinthearealastyear.
侦探以为这起入室盗窃案与去年此地区一类似案件有关。
…madeacommitmenttoprovide……作出一项承诺提供…
[点拔]1.makeacommitmenttosb.todo“做出承诺”,相当于makeapromise.
Commitment是名词,意为“承担”,“保证”。
e.g.:I’moverworkedatthemoment.──I’vetakenontoomanycommitments.
我目前劳累过度──应承的事情太多了。
e.g.:Shedoesn’twanttomakeacommitmenttosteveatthemoment.
她不想在此刻对史蒂夫作出承诺。
2、commitvt.“承诺”,“保证”,注意短语搭配
tosth.
commitsb/yourselftodoing向…承诺做某事。
todo
e.g.:ThePresidentiscommittedtoreforminghealthcare.
总统承诺要改革卫生保健制度。
e.g.:Bothsidescommittedthemselvestosettletheconflictpeacefully.
双方承诺和平解决矛盾。
Tobeginwith,itisimportanttocreateapositiveattitude.
首先,重要的是拿出一种积极的态度。
[点拨]:tobeginwith固定短语,有下列意义:
inthefirstplace;firstly.首先,第一
e.g.I’mnotgoing.TobeginwithIhaven’taticket,andsecondlyIdidn’tliketheplay.
我不走。第一我没有票,第二我不喜欢这出戏。
atfirst起初
e.g.Tobeginwithhehadnomoney,butlaterhebecamequiterich.
起初他没有钱,但是后来他变得很富有。
beginwith“从---开始”相当于“startwith---”
相反的短语是“endwith---”“以—结束”
e.g.TheEnglishalphabetbeginswith“A”andendswith“Z”.
“Alphabet”这个英语单词是以“A”开始以“Z”结束。
Inareaswhereagricultureplaysanimportantrole,peopledonotattachimportancetoeducation,andparentsarescepticalofanythingthattakeschildrenawayfromtheirworkonthefarm.
在一些地方,农业扮演着重要角色。人们认为教育对他们不是那么举足轻重,父母对任何让孩子脱离农田劳动的事情常表示怀疑。
[点拨]:playarole(in---)相当于playapart(in---)“在---中起作用”或者译为“在---中扮演角色”
[点拨]:attachto意思是:“把---固定”“把---附在---上”
e.g.Iattachacopyofmynotestothenewspaperforyourinformation.
我在报纸上附了一份笔记让你参考。
attachimportance(value,weightetc.)tosth.固定短语意思是“认为---有重要性(价值,分量等)”
e.g.Iattachgreatimportancetothisresearch.
我认为这项研究十分重要。
[点拨]:sceptical“怀疑的”注意短语bescepticalof/about意思是“怀疑---”“对---表示怀疑”
e.g.Iamscepticalabouthischancesofwinning.
我怀疑他取胜的可能性。
Thepublicremainscepticalofthisclaims.
公众对这一说法仍持怀疑态度。
Chinaandothercountriesfoundthateveninthecountrysidewhenchildrendostartschool,theyhaveatendencyoftentobeabsentanddropoutlater.
中国和其它国家发现,尤其在农村,孩子确实去上学了,而他们又经常逃学,继而辍学这一倾向。
[点拨]:dostartschool短句中,do是助动词,表示强调,无任何意义,要重读。
e.g.Shedidknowthetruthofthetheft.
她的确知道盗窃案的真相。
Shedosegototheparktofeedtheduckseveryday.
她确实每天下午到公园去喂鸭子。
[点拨]:tendency名词“倾向”“趋势”
tend动词“倾向”“趋势”
tend动词“照料、看护”
e.g.Pricescontinuetoshowanupwardtendency.
物价继续显示出向上的趋势。
Itendtogotobedearlierduringthewinter.
在冬季我常常早睡觉。
Therearenursestendingtheinjured.
有护士照料这些伤员。
[点拨]:absent形容词“不在现场的”“不存在的”“无”
absence名词
e.g.Heisabsentfromschoolveryoften.
他经常旷课。
Lovewastotallyabsentfromhischildhood.
他的童年时代完全缺少爱。
Intheabsenceofthemanager,I’llbeincharge.
经理不在,我来负责。
[点拨]:1.dropoutof这一短语的意思是“退出”“辍学”
e.g.Sincehislastdefeat,hehasdroppedoutofpolitics.
自从他上次失败了,他就退出了政治生活。
ShegotascholarshiptoCombridgebutdroppedoutayearlater.
她获得了剑桥大学的学籍,但是一年后她辍学了。
2.drop动词“降落、落下”“指人或动物筋疲力尽地倒下”“降低、减少”
e.g.Thebottledroppedandbroken.
瓶子落下来,摔碎了。
Theclimmerslippedanddroppedtodeath.
登山者滑了下来,摔死了。
Hisvoicedroppedtowhisper.
他的声音降到了耳语的程度。
3.drop相关短语
dropinonsb.(=callonsb.)拜访某人
dropinataplace(=callataplace)访问/参观某地
Insomecountriesparentsareparticularlyunwillingtosendtheirdaughterstoschoolbecausethecustomistoeducateboysraterthangirls.
在一些国家,父母尤其不愿把女孩子送到学校读书,由于习惯上重男轻女的缘故吧。
[点拨]:unwilling形容词“不愿意的”“不情愿的”反义词是willing
willingadj.相当于readyoreagertohelp意思是“愿意”
e.g.Areyouwillingtoacceptresponsibility?
你愿意承担责任吗?
will助动词,表示对未来事物的预料,还可表意愿等;
e.g.Youwillbeintimeifyouhurry.
如果你抓紧,你会准时到。
Hewillstartschoolsoon,won’the?
他不久就上学了,是吗?
He’lltakeyouhome---youonlyhavetoask.
他愿意带你回家,你只要请求一下。
will名词,意思是“意志、意愿”
e.g.Sheshowsgreatstrengthofwill.
她显示出了坚强的意志力。
Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.
有志者,事竞成。
[点拨]有关ratherthan的用法:
1.ratherthan可连接两个并列成份,表示“---而不是---”ratherthan
e.g.Thecolourseemsgreenratherthanblue.
这颜色似乎是绿色而不是蓝色。
Itwaswhathemeatratherthanwhathesaid.
这是他的意愿而不是他的原话。
2.句型woulddo---ratherthando---也可写成wouldratherdo---thando“宁愿做---而不愿做---”
e.g.Hewouldratherlistentoothersthantalkhimself.可换为:
Hewouldlistentoothersratherthantalkhimself.
他宁愿听别人谈而不愿自己说。
Hewoulddealwithamanratherthanwithawoman.可换为:
Hewouldratherdealwithamanthanwithawoman.
他愿意和男人打交道而不愿意和女人打交道。
3.wouldrather+从句“宁愿某人做某事”,从句谓语动词用过去式,表示希望现在或将来的事;从句谓语动词用过去完成式,表示希望已过去的事情;若用进行式,表示希望正在进行的事情。
e.g.Shewouldratherthechildrencalledonherthenextday.
她宁愿孩子们第二天来看望她。
Hewouldratheryouhadledahappylife.
我们宁愿你们已经过上了好日子。
China’slargepopulationmeatthattheschoolshadtoexpandtotakeinmanymorestudents.
中国人口众多,那就意味着学校不得不扩大来接纳如此多的学生。
[点拨]takein接人和接物,其含义不同
1.takesb.in意思是toallowsb.tostayinyourhome译为:“收留、留宿”
e.g.Hewashomeless,sowetookhimin.
他无家可归,我们便收留了他。
2.takesb.in另一个含义是tomakesb.believesth.thatisnottrue译为“欺骗、蒙骗”
e.g.Shetookmeincompletelywithherstory.
她的一番花言巧语完全把我骗了。
Don’tbetakeninbyhischarm---he’sruthless.
不要被他迷人的风度所蒙蔽,其实他冷酷无情。
3.takesth.in意思较多,常有“吸入、吞入”“改小、改瘦衣服”“包含、包括”“注意到、看到”
e.g.Fishtakeinoxygenthroughtheirgills.
鱼用鳃呼吸氧气。
Thisdressneedstobetakeninatthewaist.
这件连衣裙腰身需要改瘦一些。
ThetourtakesinsixEuropeancapitals.
这次旅行包括六个欧洲国家的首都。
Hetookineverydetailofherappearance.
他仔细打量了她一番。
[点拨]manymorestudents“更多的学生”请注意修饰不可数名词时用muchmore
e.g.Hehasmuchmoreworktodo.
他有更多的工作要作。
---thenumberofstudentsinsomeschoolsissolowthatstudentsof---
---学生的数量是如此之少以至于学生---
[点拨]so---that---“那样---以至于---”引导目的状语从句和结果状语从句。
e.g.Hewassoyoungthatyoumustexcusehim.
他是那样年轻,你必须得原谅他。
Hegotupsoearlythathecouldcatchthefirstbus.
他起得那样早以便能赶得上第一班车。
sothat“以致”引表目的的从句
e.g.Let’stryandarrangesothatwecangetthereatoneo’clock.
咱们设法安排一下,以便我们能在一点钟到那儿。
在so---that---分开的句型中,为了强调,可将so放在句首,主句倒装。上面两句可改为:
e.g.Soyoungwashethatyoumustexcusehim.
Soearlydidhegetupthathecouldcatchthefirstbus.
---thisresultsinlargeclasssizes.
---这种情况导致了大班上课。
[点拨]resultin“产生---作用/结果”是固定短语
resultfrom“因---而产生”“导致”
asaresultof“因为”“由于---的结果”
asaresult“结果”
e.g.Oureffortsresultedinsuccess.
我们的努力导致了成功。
Thetalksresultedinreducingthenumberofmissiles.
谈判导致了导弹数量的减少。
Thefailureresultedfromhislaziness.
失败源于他的懒惰。
Inmanydevelopingcountriesthereisnotenoughmoneyavailabletoprovideclassrooms.---
在许多发展中国家,国家拿不出足够的钱为所有的孩子提供教室---
[点拨]developing为现在分词,作定语修饰countrise
adevelopingcountry一个发展中国家
adevelopedcountry一个发达国家
[点拨]providesth.forsb.(或providesb.withsth.)
supplysth.to/forsb.(或supplysb.withsth.)
offersth.tosb.(或offersb.sth.)
以上三个词短语,大意“为---提供物”“把---物提供给人”但要注意offer含有自愿奉献的意思。
e.g.Iofferhimaaglassofwine.
我敬了他一杯酒。
Weofferedhimthehousefor1000.
我要价1000镑卖给他那幢房子。
Weofferedhim1000forthehouse.
我们出价1000镑向他买那幢房子。
Theschoolprovidedfoodforthestudents.
(或Theschoolprovidedthestudentswithfood.)
这所学校为学生提供食物。
Theschoolsuppliesbooksfor/tothechildren.
(或Theschoolsuppliesthechildrenwithbooks.)
学校提供学生们书籍。
providing和provided还可作连词使用,意为“如果--”“只要--”相当于if条件句。但要根据句子主语判断是使用provided还是使用providing。
e.g.Shemaycomewithusprovidedthatshearrivesintime.
如果她及时到达,她可能会和我们一起来。
Youmaygooutprovidingyoudoyourhomeworkfirst.
只要你先把作为做好,你就可以出去了。
Theequipschoolssomeofthesegovernmentsrelycompletelyonaidfromothercountries---
为了装备学校设施,这些国家政府几乎完全依赖外国。
[点拨]1.rely—relies—relying–--relied--–relied注意动词五式的写法。
2.relyonsb./sth.todo或relyonsb./sth.doing固定结构,意思是“依赖、依靠”
(相当于bedependenton)
e.g.Thesedayswerelyheavilyoncomputerstoorganizeourwork.
现在,我们很大程度上依赖电脑来安排我们的工作。
Theindustryreliesonthepriceremaininghigh.
这一产业靠的是价格高涨。
3.relyonsb./sth.todosth.“信任、信赖”相当于trustorhavefaithin
e.g.Youshouldrelyonyourownjudgment.
你应该相信自己的判断。
Youcanrelyonmetokeepyoursecret.
你可以相信我一定会为你保守秘密。
---internationalorganizationssuchastheWorldBankandnon—governmentalorganizations
---国际组织,诸如此类有“世界银行组织”、“非政府组织”---
[点拨]:non是一个前缀词头,可以放在名词、形容词前构成一个反义词。
e.g.non+n.
non-cooperation不合作
non-member非成员
non-smoker不抽烟的人
non-white非白种人
non-confidence不信任
e.g.non+adj.
non-existent不存在的
non-human非人类的
non-stop中途不停的
non-smoking非吸烟的
non-nuclear非核子的
[点拨]:donate意思是givemoney、food、clothes、etc.tosb/sth译为“捐赠、赠送”。常见短语:donatesth.tosb/sth
e.g.Hedonatedthousandsofpoundstocharity.
他向慈善事业捐款数千英镑。
e.g.AlldonatedbloodistestedforHIVandotherinfections.
所有献的血都要接受爱滋病病毒和其他传染病检查
[点拨]:ofsth
makesure
that从句
注意接that从句时,从句常使用一般现在时,而不用一般将来时。这一短语有两个含义,一是“确保,没法保证”,另一是“查明”、“核实”、“弄清事实”。
e.g.Makesure(that)noonefindsoutaboutthis.
绝对不能让任何人发现这件事
e.g.Theyscoredanothergoalandmakesureofvictory.
他们又进了一个球,这就赢定了
e.g.Shelookedaroundtomakesurethatshewasalone.
她往四下里看看,是不是只有她一个人
[点拨]:despite介词,意思是“不管、尽管、任凭”。注意固定短语:despiteoneself,译为“尽管(自己)不愿意”
e.g.Hervoicewasshakingdespiteallhereffortstocontrolit.
尽管她竭尽全力控制自己,声音仍然在颤抖
e.g.Despiteapplyingforhundredofjobs,heisstilloutofwork.
尽管他申请了数百个工作,但仍然在失业
e.g.Hehadtolaughdespitehimself.
他不想笑,但还是忍不住笑了出来
Integratingskills
[点拨]:commonadj.“常见的;普遍的;通常的”、“共有的;共同的”
n.“公共用地;公地”、“(学校等)学生公共食堂”
注意有关固定短语的使用:
havesthincommonwithsb/sth(想法、兴趣等方面)相同/有相同的特征
incommon共有,公有
incommonwithsb与……相同
e.g.JaneandIhavenothingincommon可转换为
IhavenothingincommonwithJane.
我与简毫无共同之处
e.g.Thetwocultureshavealotincommon
这两种文化具有许多相同之处
e.g.Theyholdthepropertyastenantsincommon.
作为共同租赁人,他们共同占用这份房地产
[点拨]:suggest此处为“暗示;表明”之意,故从句谓语动词未使用表现虚拟形式的should+动词原形。
Suggest表示“建议”后面可接以下几种结构
名词
Suggest+动名词
从句(从句的谓语动词多由should+动词原形构成,也可省略should)
Londonfortheirmeeting.他建议在伦敦举行会议
e.g.Hesuggested
atwenty-daytourofEurope.他建议到欧洲作二十日游
e.g.Isuggestdoingitinadifferentway.
我建议用另种方法做这件事。
e.g.Hesuggestedthatshe(should)comeanotherday.
他建议她改天再来。
注意:现代英语中,suggest作“建议”讲时,从句谓语有时也可能有别的形式。
e.g.YourniecesuggestedImightcallandseeyou.
你的侄女建议我来看你。
2.Suggest“表明、暗示”接从句时,用陈述语气
e.g.Herpalefacesuggeststhatshehasn’tgotwell.
她苍白的脸色表明她还没有痊愈
[点拨]:thatthingsaresaid是定语从句修饰先行词way,先行词way常用that或inwhich作关系词引导定语从句,that/inwhich也可以省略
[点拨]:selectv.“挑选、选拔”,todo
短语selectsb
as+名词
adj.仔细挑选的,精选的
selectionn.挑选,选择,选拔
e.g.Whohasbeenselectedtotakepartintheproject?
挑选谁去参加这个工程?
e.g.Heisselectedastheteamleader.
他被选为队长.
e.g.I’mdelightedaboutmyselectionasleader
我很高兴被选为领导
e.g.TheselectedWorksofMaoZedong.《毛泽东选集》
[点拨]:
choose对所选事物事前不了解
区别pickout事前已知道或了解所选事物,通过辨别挑选出来
select精心挑选最好,最优秀的事物
[点拨]:suitvt.“适合于”,指日期、天气、食物、衣着、色彩等等诸方面
suitableadj.“适合的”besuitablefor
fitvt.“适合”只是指尺寸大小合适
fitadj.“适合的”
befitfor一是“尺寸大小合适”,另一是“适合工作”
e.g.Doestheskirtsuitme?指裙子的颜色、款式、图案等是否合适
Doestheskirtfitme?指裙子的尺寸大小是否合适
这裙子适合我吗?
这裙子合我身吗?
e.g.WillThursdaysuityou?星期四合适吗?(不可用fit)
e.g.Aplacesuitableforapicnic.一个适合野餐的地方(不能用fit)
习题对话
Languagepractice
1.①absent:notinaplacebecauseofillnessetc.
②compulsory:thatmustbedonebecauseofalaworarule
③standard:alevelofquality
④curriculum:thesubjectsthatareincludedinacourseofstudyortaughtaschool,college.
⑤distribute:sharesthbetweenanumberofpeople.
⑥tendency:behaveoractinaparticularway;anewcustomthatisstartingtodevelop.
⑦expand:tobecomegreaterinsize,numberorimportance;tomakesthgreaterinsize,numberorimportance
⑧skeptical:havingdoubtsthataclaimorstatementistrueorthatsthwillhappen.
⑨commitment:apromisetodosthortobehaveinaparticularway;apromisetosupportsb/sth
⑩load:sththatisbeingcarriedbyaperson,vehicle,etc.
2.1).compulsory2).continuous3).requirement4).unless5).corporations
6).demanding7).tendency8).comminent9).retires10).curriculum
11).benefit12).outcome13).ministries14).beexpanded
3.①leavebeforetheyfinishdropout.
②increasedgoneup
③hopesandrequirementsexpectations
④notpreparedunwilling
⑤examinedanalyzed
⑥leadtoacquire
⑦incomesandhigherlevelsofcomfortlivingstandard
⑧workedoutcalculated
考题档案
1.[全国2004.25]Roseneedspecialcaretheycanlivethroughwinter.
A.becauseB.sothatC.evenifD.even
2.[全国2004.26]—Howabouteighto’clockoutsidethecinema?
--Thatmefine
A.fitsB.meetsC.satisfiesD.suits
3.[上海2003.30]Itisbelievedthatifabookis,itwillsurelythereader.
A.interested;interestB.interesting;beinterested
C.interested;beinterestingD.interesting;interest
4.[上海2003.34]Wewereinwhenweleftthatweforgottheairlinetickets.
A.arushsoanxiousB.asuchanxiousrush
C.soananxiousrushD.suchananxiousrush
5.[上海2003.50]Oneoftheconsequencesofourplanet’sbeingwarmingupis
a(n)inthenumberofnaturaldisasters.
A.resultB.accountC.reasonD.increase
6.[上海2003.54]Theengineoftheshipwasoutoforderandthebadweatherthehelplessnessofthecrewatsea.
A.addedtoB.resultedfromC.turnedoutD.madeup
7.[北京2002.30]Itwasrainingheavily.LittleMaryfeltcold,sothestoodtohermother.
A.closeB.closelyC.closedD.closing
8.[上海2002.39]besentbacktoworkthere?
A.whodoyousuggestB.whodoyousuggest
C.DoyousuggestwhowouldD.Doyousuggestwhomshould
9.[上海2002.50]Canyoumakeasentencetothemeaningofthephrase?
A.showoffB.turnoutC.bringoutD.takein
10.[湖北2004.30]Onhearingthenewsoftheaccidentinthelocalmine,shepale.
A.gotB.changedC.wentD.appeared
一课一测
Ⅰ:单句改错
1.Itisano-smokingoffice,theonlyoneofthebuilding.
2.Allofyou,includingthe10-year-oldchildmustmakesureyouwillfinishmorningexercisebefore6a.m.
3.Theclimateheredoesn’tfitanyonemovingformthesouth.
4.Hewhoisstrictinhimselfissuretosucceed.
5.Thetwoeventsarecloselyconnected,providingyouthinkover.
6.whodoyousuggestthegameshouldbeginfrom?
7.wherethereiswill,thereisaway.
8.shewouldratherallofhersonshaveattendedcollegeleavingheraloneathome.
9.Thelackofresourcesoftenmakeitimpossibleforteacherstoprovidethebestexercisestoalllearners.
10.ItisverydifferentfromforparentsofchildrenintheleastdevelopednationsofAfricaandAsia.
B级(创新提高)
I:单项选择。
1.Hewillsurelyfinishthejobontimehe’slefttodoitinhisownway.
A.inthatB.solongasC.incaseD.forfearthat
2.Astudent_________hisfamilylotsofmoneyforeducation.
A.spendsB.costsC.takesD.pays
3.Everyonewasontimeforthelecture________Charles,whoisusuallytenminuteslateforeverything.
A.butB.onlyC.evenD.yet
4.—Illtellsomethingaboutthechangeinyourjobtomorrow.
—You________mesometimeearlier.
A.oughttotellB.wouldhavetoldC.musttellD.shouldhavetold
5.Ihearyouaresayingthatdoctorsshouldbehighlypaid,andthisis________Idisagree.
A.whyB.whereC.whatD.how
6.Thereisnoexperienceyoucanhave________ismoreexcitingthanskatingonrealice.
A.thatB.itC.whatD.this
7.Youshouldntleavethewater________whileyouwashclothes;itsawasteofwater.
A.runB.runningC.beingrunD.torun
8.Onlywhentheyweretoldoftheimportanceoftime________wastingtimeislikewastingpartoftheirlives.
A.thoseboysrealizedB.thoseboyshadrealized
C.hadthoseboysrealizedD.didthoseboysrealize
9.________youmetwithYaoMingforthefirsttime?
A.WhenitwasthatB.Wasitwhenthat
C.WhenwasitthatD.Wasitthatwhen
10.Heaccidentally________hehadstolensomethingfromashopandhadbeenpunishedbytheguards.
A.letoutB.tookcareC.madesureD.madeout
11.TheywantedtogetpaidbeforetheSpringFestival,butitdidntquite________asplanned.
A.makeoutB.goonC.turnoutD.comeup
12.________theproject,theworkershavetostaythereforanothertwomonths.
A.NotcompletingB.Notcompleted
C.NothavingcompletedD.Havingnotcompleted
13.________tothetopofthehillandyoullfindthecitymorebeautiful.
A.ClimbB.ClimbingC.IfyouclimbD.Whenclimbing
14.Ourmonitorhas________largercollectionof________booksthananyotherstudentinourclass.
A.the;不填B.a;不填C.a;theD.不填;the
15.—Whatarewegoingtodoontheweekend?
—________.Whateveryouwanttodoisfinewithme.
no-smoking改为non-smoking2.去掉will
3.Fit改为suit4.in改为with5.providing改为provided
6.from改为with7.iswill之间添加冠词a
8.去掉have,或将have改为had9.to改为for
10.去掉From
Pre-reading
1.Lookaroundyourschoolandlistalltheequipment,peopleandplansthatareneededtorunaschool.Inordertorunaschool,weneedbuildingsasclassroomsandoffices,aplaygroundforthestudentstoexercise,desksandchairs,blackboardsandbrushes,teachersandworkers,andalotofotherthings.Ourgovernmenthastoprovidemoneytobuildbuildings,buyequipmentandpayfortheteachersandworkers.Thatwillneedalotofmoney.Insomeplaces,thegovernmentsaretoopoortorunenoughschoolsforallthechildrentogotoschool.
2.WhatarrangementsdoesthegovernmenthavetomaketoprovideeducationforchildreninChina?Discusstheproblemsordifficultiesitmayface?
A:Ithinkthegovernmentshouldpassalawtomaketheparentssendtheirschool-agechildren
toschool.
B:Thegovernmentshouldoffermoneyforeducation,forexampletomakesurethatallthegoodteachersarewellpaid.Thentheteacherswillworkwhole-heartedly.
C:Thegovernmentshouldgetridoftheexamsinordertoletthechildrenlearnmorethantheyare
examined.
Lead-in
Wearedifferentfromeachotherinmanyways,sowhenlearningthesamesubjects,wearelikelytoadoptdifferentlearningmethodswhichsuitourselves.Then,whatarethebasiclearningstyles?Andwhatisthefeatureofeachstyle?LetusreadthisshortpassageandfindoutOutline
Fastreading
Mainideaofeachparagraph:
Para.ACompulsoryeducationforallChinesechildren
Para.BEducationforAll—aninternationaltarget
Para.CEncouragingpeopleinruralareastoaccepteducation
Para.DProblemsofnumberandlocation
Para.EMeetingthecost
Para.FSolvingtheproblemofteachingqualityinremoteareas
Para.GEducationforallchildrenworldwidewillbedifficulttoachieve
Mainideaofthetext:Thepassagemakesitclearthat“Educationforall”isessentialforthedevelopmentofacountry.Theparagraphsmostlydealwithmeasuresthatshouldbetakentoachievethetarget.
Carefulreading
1.Accordingtothetext,______ofschool-agechildrenattendedprimaryschoolby_______.C
A.99%;2000B.86%;2000C.99%;2004D.86%;2004
2.Whatsuggeststhatmanycountriesrealizetheimportanceofeducation?C
A.Theyrealizethatthefuturewelfareoftheircitizensiscloselylinkedtoeducation
B.TheyattendedtheWorldEducationForumin2000
C.AttheWorldEducationForumin2000,theymadeacommitmentcalled“Educationforall”
D.Theyaretryingtogeteverychildintoschool
3.______preventssomepeopleattachingimportancetoeducation.D
A.Theimportanceofagriculture
B.Heavyworkonthefarm
C.Traditionalideas
D.Alltheabove
4.WhatkindofclassescanoftenbeseeninwesternprovincesinChina?A
A.Mixedgradeclasses
B.Classesoflargesizes
C.Classesofsmallsizes
D.Classesbytwo-wayradioandmail
5.Whatmeasuresdomanydevelopingcountriestaketoprovideschoolswithnecessaryequipment?A.TheycallontheircitizenstodonateitB
B.Theydependonaidfromothercountriesandinternationalorganizationsorprograms
C.Theyborrowitfromtheirneighborcountries
D.Developedprovincesprovideaidforlessdevelopedprovinces
6.Howmanycountriesarementionedinthetexttohaveadopteddistancelearningmethods?C
A.1B.2C.3D.4
7.AccordingtoParagraphF,whichofthefollowingisoneoftheeducationproblemsexistinginAmerica?C
A.Thequalityofteachingisnotgoodnationwide
B.Therearetoomanyfamiliesnowbelowpovertyline
C.Onethirdofthestudentsliveinthecountryside
D.Violentcrimestakeplaceinschoolyards
8.Thetexttalksmainlyabout______.A
A.“Educationforall”----theinternationaltarget
B.solvingtheproblemsofteachingqualityinremoteareas
C.encouragingpeopleinruralareastoaccepteducation
D.problemsofthenumberofpeopleinoneareaandlocation
9.It’sdifficultforsomecountriesinAfricaandAsiatoachievethegoalof“Educationforall”,because_______.D
A.thepopulationistoolarge
B.theyarefacingmanyotherproblems,suchaslackoffreshwaterandbasichealthcare
C.theinternationalaidisfarfromenough
D.theeconomythereistheleastdeveloped
10.Whichofthestatementsistrue?D
A.People’sattitudetowardseducationaffectseducationsystem
B.Thenumberofpeopleinoneareaandpeople’sdistributioncanalsocauseeducationproblems
C.Educationsystemcanbeaffectedbyeconomy
D.Alltheabove
Comprehension
1.In_____,theChinesegovernmentintroducedalawstatingthatbytheyear_____everyChinesechildwouldhave____yearsofcompulsoryeducation.(1986,2000,nine)
2.Itisreportedthat____ofschool-agechildreninChinaattendedprimaryschoolby2004.(99%)
3.WhentheWorldEducationForummetin_____,itcalculatedthattherewere____millionchildrennotinschool.(2000,113)
4.AttheForum,themembercountriesoftheUnitedNationsEducational,ScientificandCulturalOrganization(UNESCO)madeacommitmenttoprovide“complete,freeandcompulsoryprimaryeducationforgoodqualityforallchildrenby_____”.()
5.IntheTurksandCaicosIslands,wheretherearelessthan_______people,thenumberofstudentsinsomeschoolissolowthatstudentsofseveraldifferentgradesaretaughtinthesameclassroom.(20,000)
6.InnorthandcentralAustraliathepopulationissospreadoutthatchildreninsomeruralsettlementscanbeasfaras_____kmawayfromthenearestschool.(1,000)
7.___________studentsinUnitedStateslivesinthecountryside,andprovidingthemwithafullcurriculumisdifficult.(Oneinthree)
8.Chinahasalsoadopteddistancelearningmethodssuchastelevisionlessonsandin_____,theMinistryofEducationintroducedcomputerizedteachingnetworksincentralandwesternChina.(1999)
9.Now,whenaChinesecouplehas______,theycanbeconfidentthattheirchildwillbeabletoattendschool.(ababy)
10.ThismountainschoolinLesotho,Africahas____students(120)
11.TheAliceSpringsSchooloftheAirinAustraliahas____childrenwholiveinanareaofover__________squarekilometers.(140,onemillion)
12.Thereis____teacher,____classroom,nodoors,windows,desksorchairs.(one,one)
Accordingtothepassing,whichcountriesusethefollowingmethodstohelpthemprovideeducation?
Methods
Countries
distancelearning
Australia,China,theUSA
mixed-gradeclasses
TheTurksandCaicosIslands,partsoftheremotecentralandwesternregionsinChina,
moneyfrominternationalorganizations
China,thedevelopingcountriesinAfricaandAsia
moneyfromlocalorganizations
China,thedevelopingcountries
Whatarethewritingtechniquesofthispassage?
1)Numbersanddatesareusedtomakethepointofviewmoreacceptable.
2)Inordertoletmorepeopletaketheadvice,examplesareprovided,youmayfindtheminParagraphD.
Discussion
Arethereanywaysinwhicheducationinyourtowncouldbeimproved?Whichdoyouthinkisthemostimportantaspecttochange?
Ithinkthegovernmentofourtownshouldorganizemoreactivitiestoimprovethestudents’healthandabilitiestosolvepracticalproblems.WeshouldmakethebestofInternettostudy.
Morelibrariesshouldbebuiltinordertoencouragemorepeopletoreadandwrite.Contestsandcompetitionsofdoingpracticalactivitiescanbeheldtopromotepeople’sabilities.Thepoorshouldnotbecharged,otherwisetheycannotgotoschool.Giveusmorefreetime,thatis,stopgivinglessonsonSaturdaysorSundays.
Summary
Thepassagemakesitknownthat“Educationforall”isessentialforthedevelopmentofacountry.Theparagraphsmostlydealwithmeasuresthatshouldbetakentoachievethetarget,suchascreatingapositiveattitudetoruralareas,havingmixed-gradeclasses,distancelearningandsoon.Theauthorofthepassageshowsusourcountry’sachievements,inspiringusstudentstotreasurethenineyearsofcompulsoryeducationandmakethethebestofit.Studentsinpoorareasshouldbeencouragedtokeeponattendingschoolandimprovethemselvesthroughdistancelearningandothermethods.Ontheotherhand,studentsindevelopedareasshouldbeinstructedtooffertheirhelptothepoor.
Sentencestructure:
1.whenlearningsomethingnew,ifyouprefertoreadtheinformation,youareprobablyastudentwholearnsthroughseeing.
2.studentswhofinditeasiesttolearnanewconceptbyhearing….
3.learningthroughdoingmeansbeingactiveinexploringtheenvironmentandfindingout…
4.Readingaloud,usingataperecorder…arethebestby….
Explanation
1.commitment:n.pledge,undertaking
e.g.Hedoesn’twanttogetmarriedbecausehedoesn’twantanycommitments.
2.sceptical:adj.unwillingtobelievesomething,doubtful
e.g.We’rescepticaloftheteam’schancesofwinning.
I’mscepticalabouttheirprofessedsympathyforthepoor.
3.tendency:n.leaning
e.g.Thereisatendencyforunemploymenttorisethisyear.
4.donate:vt.contribute,give…toacharity
e.g.Howmuchmoneydidyoudonate?
TheyusedtodonategenerouslytotheRedCrosseveryyear.
5.attachimportanceto…:重视
e.g.Sheattachesgreatimportancetoregularexercises.
6.dropout:leaveschool/universitywithoutfinishingone’scourses
e.g.ShegotascholarshiptoCambridgebutdroppedoutlater.
7.ratherthan:insteadof,inpreference
e.g.IthinkI’llhaveacolddrinkratherthancoffee.
8.spreadout:awayfromothers
e.g.Thesearchpartyspreadoutoverthemoor.
Dealwithlanguagepoints:
1.besimilarto与。。。相似Myteachingstyleissimilartothatofmostotherteachers.
2.introduce介绍,正式提交,实施
HeintroducedmetoaGreekgirlattheparty.
Thefirstlectureintroducesstudentstothemaintopicsofthecourse.
Thecompanyisintroducinganewrangeofproductsthisyear.
Thenewlawwasintroducedin1991.
3.highly与high区别;close与closely区别
Doyouseethatbutterflyflyinghighabovethestreet?你是否看见那只蝴蝶在街道上方高高飞舞着?Thedistinguishedguestswerehighlypraised.贵宾们受到了高度赞扬。
引申:Suddenlythedoorwas______andincameMr.Wang.
A.openwideB.widelyopenC.wideopenedD.openwidely
(答案为C,由前面的suddenly可见,此句强调动作,故用被动语态,而不用形容词,wide与widely都有副词,但是意义不同,他们的区别好象deep/deeply,high/highly,close/closely)
4.Itisreportedthat据报道。。。
类似的句型还有:itissaid/believed/hoped/announcedthat…
5.makeacommitmenttodo承诺
Commitmentn.承诺;约定;约束责任;承担义务,献身,投入(常与tosb/sth连用)
acommitmenttopay$50000toRedCross承诺向红十字会提供50000美元
Ivetakenontoomanycommitments.我承担的义务太多了。
Hedoesntwanttogetmarriedbecauseheisafraidofanycommitments."他不想结婚,因为他害怕承担任何责任。"
6.face用法
facetoface面对面地
Irushedoutoftheofficeandfoundmyselfface-to-facewiththeboss.
"我冲出办公室,面对面地碰上了老板。"
Theburglarturnedthecornerandfoundhimselffacetofacewithapoliceman.
那窃贼转过墙角,面对面碰上一个警察。
inthefaceof不顾;面对,在…前面
Hesucceededinthefaceofgreatdifficulties.尽管有巨大的困难,但他成功了。
Befacedwith面临
IrealizedthatHamletwasfacedwithanentirelydifferentproblem.
我意识到Hamlet面临着完全不同的问题。
Thestateisnowfacedwiththeimmediatequestionofraisingnewtaxes.
国家面临紧迫的问题,收新税。
7.tobeginwith(插入语)首先
类似词组有:tostartwith;totellthetruth;tobehonest;tobefrank;tomakethingsworse
Tobeginwith,whatisaninteriordesigner?
Althoughithadseemedagoodreason,tobeginwith:nocouplecouldaffordtohavechildren.
8.beskepticalof怀疑skepticaladj.~(about/ofsth)
Iamscepticalabouthischancesofwinning.我怀疑他取胜的可能性。
Thepublicremainscepticaloftheseclaims.公众对这些说法仍持怀疑态度。
Shelookedhighlysceptical.她一脸深表怀疑的神色。
9.attachimportanceto….认为。。。很重要~importance,significance,value,weight,etc.(tosth)
Iattachgreatimportancetothisresearch.
10.dropout退学1退出,脱离2退学,辍学
Hehasdroppedoutofactivepolitics.他已经不再积极参政了。
awordthathasdroppedoutofthelanguage该语言中已经废弃的一个词。
Shestartedadegreebutdroppedoutafteronlyayear.她开始攻读工程学学位,但仅一年后就辍学了。
11.bewilling/unwillingtodo(不)愿意。(不)乐意
Theykeepalistofpeople(whoare)willingtoworknights.
他们有一份愿意夜间工作的人的名单。
I’mperfectlywillingtodiscusstheproblem.我十分乐意讨论这个问题。
Theyareunwillingtoinvestanymoremoneyintheproject.他们不愿再为这个项目投资。
Shewasunable,orunwilling,togivemeanyfurtherdetails.她不能,或不愿意,向我提供进一步的细节。
12.mean想要,意思是;
Whatdidshemeanbyleavingsoearly(=whydidshedoit)?
Don’tlaugh!Imeanit(=Iamserious).
I’msorryIhurtyou.Ididn’tmeanto.
You’remeantto(=youaresupposedto)paybeforeyougoin.
[常用被动]~sbforsth|~sbtobesth(想要某人成为,想要某人去做)
Iwasnevermeantforthearmy(=didnothavethequalitiesneededtobecomeasoldier).我根本就不是块当兵的料。
PhilipandKimweremeantforeachother(=areverysuitableaspartners).Philip和Kim真是天生的一对。
[vntoinf]Hisfathermeanthimtobeanengineer.他父亲想让他当工程师。
Shedideverythingtogetthetwoofthemtogether,butIguessitjustwasn’tmeanttobe.她极力撮合他两个,但我觉得那根本不可能。
Byallmeans可以,当然行,没问题
‘DoyoumindifIhavealook?’‘Byallmeans.’借我看一眼行吗?当然可以。
bymeansofsth(formal)借助。。。手段,依靠。。。方法。
:Theloadwasliftedbymeansofacrane.重物是用起重机吊起来的。
Bynomeans绝不,一点也不
Sheisbynomeansaninexperiencedteacher.她绝不是一个毫无经验的老师。
Wehaven’twonyet,notbyanymeans.我们离成功还远着呢。
Bynomeansarethesecasesexceptional.这些例子绝不是例外。
13.distribute分发,分配,分销,使散开,使分布;分散~sth(to/amongsb/sth)
Theorganizationdistributedfoodtotheearthquakevictims.这个机构向地震灾民分发了食品和毯子。
Thenewspaperisdistributedfree.这份报纸免费分发。
Themoneywasdistributedamongschoolsinthearea.这笔款项是在本地区的学校中分配的。
WhodistributesourproductsintheUK?谁在英国分销我们的产品?
Makesurethatyourweightisevenlydistributed.注意让你的体重分布均匀。
14.resultin(造成,导致),resultfrom(因。。发生,随。。。产生)
joblossesresultingfromchangesinproduction生产革新造成的失业。
Whenwaterlevelsrise,floodingresults.水位上升,就会发洪水。
Thecyclonehasresultedinmanythousandsofdeaths.飓风已经造成成千上万的人死亡。
[+-ing]Thesepoliciesresultedinmanyelderlypeoplesufferinghardship.这些政策使许多老人和残疾人在困苦中挣扎。
15.spreadout分散伸展身体,摊开东西
There’smoreroomtospreadoutinfirstclass.头等舱宽敞些,伸得开腿。
Doyouhavetospreadyourselfoutalloverthesofa?你就非得躺下,把整个大沙发全占了才行吗?
Thesearchersspreadouttocovertheareafaster.搜索人员分散开来,好更快搜索这一地区。
16.asfaras
asfarastheeyecan/couldsee极目所尽
Thebleakmoorlandstretchedonallsidesasfarastheeyecouldsee.荒凉的旷野向四面伸展开去,一望无际。
asfarasIknow|asfarasIcanremember,see,tell,etc.就我所知道,尽我所记得的,依我看。
Asfarasweknew,therewasnocauseforconcern.就我们所知,没什么可担心的。
AsfarasIcansee,you’vedonenothingwrong.依我看,你没有做错任何事。
ShelivedinChicago,asfarasIcanremember.据我所记得的,她过去住在Chicago。
as/sofarassb/sthisconcerned|就。。。而言
AsfarasIamconcerned,youcandowhatyoulike.就我而言,你想干什么就干什么。
17.available可获得的,可找到的,有空的
Ticketsareavailablefreeofchargefromtheschool.学校有免费票。
Whenwilltheinformationbemadeavailable?何时才能了解到情况?
Furtherinformationisavailableonrequest.详情备索。
Thiswastheonlyroomavailable.这是唯一可用的房间。
We’llsendyouacopyassoonasitbecomesavailable.一有货我们就会给你邮寄一本去。
Everyavailabledoctorwascalledtothescene.所有能找到的医生都备召集到了现场。
Willshebeavailablethisafternoon?今天下午她有空吗?
18.relyon/upon依赖;依靠
Thesedayswerelyheavilyoncomputerstoorganizeourwork.
[+-ing]Theindustryreliesonthepriceofrawmaterialsremaininglow.
Youcanrelyonmetokeepyoursecret.
Hecan’tbereliedontotellthetruth
19.adopt收养,采用(方法);采纳(建议,政策等)
Allthreeteamsadopteddifferentapproachestotheproblem.三个队处理这个问题的方法各不相同。
Thecouncilisexpectedtoadoptthenewpolicyatitsnextmeeting.委员会有望在下次会议上正式通过这项新政策。
20.overcome克服,战胜
SheovercameinjurytowintheOlympicgoldmedal.
Thetwopartiesmanagedtoovercometheirdifferencesontheissue.
InthefinalgameSwedeneasilyovercameFrance
Integratingskills
1.have…incommon
2.suggest不用虚拟的用法
3.demonstrate证明,论证,表达,显露,示范,演示,示威(常用搭配:demonstrate+that/wh--/todo)
Letmedemonstratetoyousomeofthedifficultieswearefacing.让我来向你说明一下我们面临的一些困难。
Hissuddendeparturehaddemonstratedhowunreliablehewas.他突然离去,这说明他多么不可靠。
Thetheoriesweredemonstratedtobefalse.这些理论已被证明是错误的。
Wewanttodemonstrateourcommitmenttohumanrights.我们向表明我们对人权的信念。
Herjobinvolvesdemonstratingneweducationalsoftware.她的工作包括演示新的教学软件。
studentsdemonstratingagainstthewar.举行反战示威游行的学生。
4.category类别,种类
Studentsover25fallintoadifferentcategory.25岁以上的学生属于另一类。
Theresultscanbedividedintothreemaincategories.结果可以分成3大类。
引申:categorize/se将。。。分类,把。。加以分类
Participantswerecategorizedaccordingtoage.参加者按年龄和性别分组。
Hislatestworkcannotbecategorizedaseitheranoveloranautobiography.他的近作既不属于小说也不属于自传。
5.beactivein积极参加
Shetakesanactivepartinschoollife.
Theparentswereactiveincampaigningagainstcutstotheeducationbudget.
6.approachvt./n.接近,靠近,建议,要求,(待人接物或思考问题的)方法,方式,态度
Weheardthesoundofanapproachingcar/acarapproaching。我们听见一辆车驶近的声音。
Sheapproachedthebankforaloan.她向银行要求贷款。
Theschoolhasdecidedtoadoptadifferentapproachtodiscipline.学校决定采用另一种方式解决纪律问题。
Shetookthewrongapproachinherdealingswiththem.她用错误的手段和他们打交道。
语法:
(一)本类词有hard,hardly;late,lately;most,mostly等等,这两种副词形式含义完全不同,所以,使用时不易引起混淆。
1.Heworkshardallday.他整天都在使劲地干活。
Hehardlyworksatall.他很少干活。
2.Youhavecometoolate.你来得太晚了。
Haveyouseehimlately?你最近见到过他吗?
3.Thepersonwhotalksmostisoftentheonewhodoesleast.说得最多的人常常干得最少。
Theaudienceconsistedmostlyofwomen.观众大部分是女的。
4.ThenextflightdosenotgodirecttoTokyo;itgoesbywayofShanghai.下趟航班不直飞东京,而是绕道上海。
Hewillbeheredirectly.他马上就来。
5.Theriderpulledhishorseupshort.骑手突然一下把马勒住。
Makearightturnshortlybeyondthevillage.村前不远处往右拐。
6.Pleasestandclearofthegate.请不要站在门前。
Hestatedhisview-pointclealy.他很清楚明白地阐述了自己的观点。
7.Theexamwasprettydifficult.这次考试相当难。
Herlittlegirlsarealwaysprettilydressed.她的小女孩穿着总是很漂亮。
(二)这类词主要有wide,widely;close,closely;high,highly等等,这两种副词形式不同,含义也有差别,但是没有第一类的区别明显,而且翻译成汉语时用词也很接近。所以使用时很容易混淆。这类词含义及用法上的主要特点是:不带-ly的副词表示具体的行为和动作,说明的动作或状况有可测量性和可见性;而以-ly结尾的同源副词所表达的常常是抽象性的行为和状况。这时,这些词大都具有"greatly"和"extremely"的含义。试作如下比较:
1.Doyouseethatbutterflyflyinghighabovethestreet?你是否看见那只蝴蝶在街道上方高高飞舞着?
Thedistinguishedguestswerehighlypraised.贵宾们受到了高度赞扬。2.Heflungthedoorwideopen.他猛地把门开得大大的。
Wewerewidelydifferentonmanyquestions.我们在许多问题上分歧很大。
3.Youwillhavetopaydearforthattelescope.买那个望远镜你得付很高的价钱。
Youwillpaydearlyfortheinsult.对这样的侮辱你将付出高昂的代价。
4.Shestoodcloseagainstthewall.她紧挨着墙站着。
Thepolicewerewatchinghimclosely.警察在密切监视他。
5.Thebirdisnowflyingquitelow.鸟儿现在飞得非常低。
Hebowedlowlybeforethequeen.他谦恭地给女王鞠了一躬。
6.Theyhadtodigdeeptoreachwater.他们挖得很深才挖到水。
Youhaveoffendedhimdeeply.你冒犯他可不轻。
7.GraceisholdingtighttoPaul.格雷斯紧紧地搂抱着保罗。
Thepassengerswerepackedtightlyinthetrain.火车车箱里挤满了乘客。
8.Mr.Coletendstospeakratherloud.科尔先生说话声音总是很大。
Mr.Coleboastedloudlyofhispower.科尔先生大肆夸耀自己的权力。
(三)这类词主要有slow,slowly;quick,quickly等等异形同义词。当然,现代英语的语言规范性要求用以-ly结尾的副词来修饰动词,但由于句子结构以及搭配的不同,使用时也具有不同的倾向性。在此,主要探讨一下在什么情况下常使用不带-ly的副词形式。同时,把第二类中一些适应于下列规则的词也包括进去。总的说来,倾向于使用不带-ly副词形式的情况大致有下列四种:
Ⅰ用作比较级或最高级时:
1.Allenwaswalkingquickly,butGeorgewaswalkingevenquicker.艾伦走得很快,但乔治走得更快。
2.Themenwerequarrelingloudly,butthepolicemenshoutedlouder.那些人在大声争吵着,但是警察喊叫得更响。
3.Thecarwentslowerandsloweruntilitcametoastandstill.汽车走得越来越慢,最后停了下来。
4.Letsseewhocanrunquickest.我们来看看谁跑得最快。
5.Wemustlookcloserattheproblem.我们必须更加仔细地查看这一问
题。Ⅱ有"so"或"too"修饰时:
1.ItallhappenedsoquickthatIcoulddonothing.这一切发生得如此之快以致于我手足无措无
法对付了。
2.Itisimpossibletoovertakehim;yourcargoestooslow.不可能赶上他了,你的车太慢了。
3.Donttalksoloud;thechildisinbednow.别这样大声说话,孩子已经睡了。
Ⅲ用于修饰表示移动、天气等常用动词时:
1.Comequick;wearewaitingforyou.快来,我们在等你。
2.Driveslow;thispartoftheroadisdangerous.车开慢一点,这段路很危险。
3.Thesunshinesbright.阳光明媚。
4.Whenwelefttheshelter,thesnowwasfallingthickandthewindwasblowingcold.我们离开那棚屋时,正下着大雪,刮着寒风。
5.Businessisgoingstrong.生意兴隆。
Ⅳ在固定词组中或当用于修饰它经常固定搭配的动词时:
1.Takeiteasy.不要紧张。
2.Standfirmandholdittight.站稳抓牢。
3.Heoftenplayshigh.他赌注常下得很大。
4.Thesecretarycopiedtheroughdraftofhermanageroutfair.秘书把经理那份粗潦的草稿很清楚地誊写出来。
5.Theyweredrinkingdeepinthefortdeepintothenight.他们在城堡中痛饮到深夜。
通过观察,以上三类词中第一类较易区别、掌握和使用。对于后两类词,在判别使用哪一种副词形式时一般可以考虑以下几个原则:第一是具体性与抽象性的原则。在表示实实在在的物体活动、位置移动或具体可见的状况和变化时,常使用不带-ly的副词形式,如:climbhigh,livecloseby,openwide,sinkdeep,turnsharpright;反之,具有抽象含义的动词常用以-ly结尾的副词,如:thinkhighlyof,lookcloselyinto,lovedearly等等。第二个原则就是常用固定搭配与灵活搭配的不同。在一些固定词组或经常搭配使用的词组中,不带-ly的副词形式使用得很多,如aimhigh,runhigh,fightfair,goeasywith,drinkdeep,sleepsound等等。第三个原则是口语体与标准体的使用区别。如有人说"Speakloudlyandclearly."也有人说"Speakloudandclear."对此情况难说谁对谁错,只能说前一种说法属于规范性语体;而后一种说法属于口语体。不带-ly的简单形式是早期英语遗留下来的口语体形式。例如现在还有人说"Ibadneedthissortofmaterial."就如G.O.寇姆在〈英语句法〉(Syntax)一书中说过的,带-ly的副词是标准语或好的口语,但在松散的口语和大众语中人们仍然坚持使用没有-ly的简单形式。
根据以上原则,可以解释为什么可以说"Donttalksoloud."但必须说"Heprotested/complainedloudly。"Talkloud是常用的搭配形式,而且talk一词的形象也比较具体;protest与complain则是搭配性很强的词,还常常和许多别的副词灵活搭配,如publicly,sharply,secretly等等。另外,这两个词比talk更具感情色彩,所以也就更具抽象性。
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