语法复习四:定语从句
(一)定语从句一般由关系代词和关系副词引导
1、关系代词:who,whom,whose,which,that,as
2、关系副词:when,where,why
关系代词和关系副词必须位于从句之首,主句先行词之后,起着连接先行词和从句的作用,同时在从句中又充当句子成分。
e.g.Sheisthegirlwhosingsbestofall.(关系代词who在从句中作主语)
ThecomradewithwhomIcameknowsFrench.(whom在从句中作介词with的宾语)
3、关系代词和关系副词的用法:1)当先行词为人时用who作主语,whom作宾语;2)当先行词为物或整个句子时用which,可作主语或宾语;3)先行词为人、物时用that,可作主语或宾语;4)whose用作定语,可指人或物;5)关系副词when(指时间,在定语从句中作时间状语,where(指地点,在定语从句中作地点状语),why(指原因,在定语从句中作原因状语)。
(二)限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句
1、限制性定语从句:从句与主句关系密切,去掉从句,主句意义不完整,甚至不合逻辑。
e.g.Iwastheonlypersoninourofficewhowasinvited.(去掉定语从句,意思就不完整)
2、非限制性定语从句:从句对先行词关系不密切,去掉定从句,意思仍然完整。形式上用逗号隔开,不能that用引导。
e.g.Tom’sfather,whoisoversixty,stillworksharddayandnight.(who引导非限制性定语从句,整个句子可分成两句来翻译)
(三)使用定语从句时特别注意的几个问题
1、that与which的区别。
1)用that而不用which的情况:①先行词为不定代词all,anything,nothing,…;②先行词有最高级修饰,有序数词修饰;③先行词有only,very,any等词修饰;④先行词既有人又有物时。
e.g.Thereisnothingthatcanpreventhimfromdoingit.没有什么能阻止他不干那件事。
ThefirstplacethattheyvisitedinGuilinwasElephantTrunkHill.在桂林他们所参观的第一个地方是象鼻山。
ThisisthebestfilmthatIhaveeverseen.这部电影是我看过的最好的一部。
MrSmithistheonlyforeignerthatheknows.史密斯先生是他认识的唯一的外国人。
2)用which而不用that的情况:①引导非限制性定语从句;②代表整个主句的意思;③介词+关系代词。
e.g.Hehadfailedinthemathsexam,whichmadehisfatherveryangry.他数学考试没有及格,这使他的父亲很生气。
Thisistheroominwhichmyfatherlivedlastyear.这是父亲去年居住过的房子。
3)as引导定语从句时的用法
①as引导限制性定语从句通常用于thesame…as,such…as结构中。
e.g.Iwantthesameshirtasmyfriend’s.我要一件跟我朋友一样的衬衫。
SuchmachinesasareusedinourworkshoparemadeinChina.我们车间使用的这种机器是中国制造的。
②as引导非限制性定语从句既可放在主句之前,也可放在主句之后,用来修饰整个句子。通常用下列句型:asisknowntoall,asissaid,asisreported,asisannounced,asweallknow,asIexpect等。
e.g.AsIexpected,hegotthefirstplaceagaininthismid-termexamination.正如我所预料的那样,他在这次期中考试中又获得了第一名。
3)as引导非限制性定语从句时与which的区别
①当主句和从句语义一致时,用as;反之,用which来引导非限制性定语从句。
e.g.Hemadealongspeech,asweexpected.
Hemadealongspeech,whichwasunexpected.
②当非限制定语从句为否定时,常用which引导。
e.g.Tomdrinksaloteveryday,whichhiswifedoesn’tlikeatall.
2.关系代词在从句中作主语时,从句的谓语动词单数还是用复数应由先行词决定。
e.g.ThemanwholivesdownstairsspeaksEnglishfluently.住在楼下的那个人英语说得很流利。
ThestudentswhoareinGradeThreearegoingtoclimbthehilltomorrow.
3.定语从句有时不直接紧靠先行词,中间由一个定语、状语或谓语隔开。
e.g.ThereisanexpressioninhiseyesthatIcan’tunderstand.
4.引导定语从句的关系副词有时可以用“介词+which”来代替。
e.g.October1,1949wasthedayonwhich(=when)thePeople’sRepublicofChinawasfounded.
5.当定语从句中谓语动词是带介词或副词的固定短语动词时,短语动词的各个固定部分不要拆开。
e.g.Thesickmanwhomsheislookingafterisherfather.
6.介词在关系代词前,只能用which和whom,且不能省略;介词在句尾,关系代词可有which,that,whom,口语中也可用who,且可省略。
e.g.Theman(whom/who/that)youweretalkingabouthascometoschool.
练习、定语从句
一、把下列每对句子合并成含有定语从句的主从复合句:
1.Thefanisonthedesk.Youwantit.
2.Themanisinthenextroom.Hebroughtourtextbookshereyesterday.
3.Themagazineismine.Hehastakenitaway.
4.Thestudentswillnotpasstheexam.Theydon’tstudyhard.
5.Thewomanisourgeographyteacher.Yousawherinthepark.
6.Theletterisfrommysister.Ireceivedityesterday.
7.Theplaywaswonderful.Wesawitlastnight.
8.Thetrainwaslate.ItwasgoingtoNanning.
9.Theboyismybrother.Hewashereaminuteago.
10.Thetreeisquitetall.Heisclimbingit.
11.Hereisthegirl.Herbrotherworksinthisshop.
12.That’sthechild.Wewerelookingathisdrawingjustnow.
13.Thisistheboy.Hissisterisafamoussinger.
14.Iwanttotalktotheboys.Theirhomeworkhaven’tbeenhandedin.
15.Isthatthewoman?Herdaughterisinmyclass.
16.Heusedtoliveinabighouse.Infrontofitgrewmanybananatrees.
17.Theypassedafactory.Atthebackofthefactorytherewerericefields.
18.Thesoldierrantothebuilding.Onthetopofitflewaflag.
19.Intheeveningtheyarrivedatahill.Atthefootofthehilltherewasatemple.
20.Shecameintoabigroom.Inthemiddleofitstoodalargetable.
二、根据句子意思,在第一个空白处填入介词,在第二个填入关系代词whom或which:
1.Theperson________________IspokejustnowisthemanagerthatItoldyouabout.
2.Thepencil________________hewaswritingbroke.
3.WuDong,________________Iwenttotheconcert,enjoyeditverymuch.
4.Thetwothings________________MarxwasnotsurewerethegrammarandsomeoftheidiomsofEnglish.
5.Herbag,________________sheputallherbooks,hasnotbeenfound.
6.ThestoriesabouttheLongMarch,________________thisisoneexample,arewellwritten.
三、选择填空:
1.Theman____visitedourschoolyesterdayisfromLondon.
A.whoB.whichC.whomD.when
2.Thewoman____istalkingtomymotherisafriendofhers.
A.whoseB.whoC.whomD.which
3.Becauseofmypoormemory,all____youtoldmehasbeenforgotten.
A.thatB.whichC.whatD.as
4.Doyourememberthosedays____wespentalongtheseashoreveryhappily?
A.whenB.whereC.whichD.who
5.Tomdidnottakeawaythecamerabecauseitwasjustthesamecamera____helostlastweek.
A.whichB.thatC.whomD.as
6.Those____wanttogopleasesigntheirnameshere.
A.whomB.whichC.whoD.when
7.Whereistheman____Imetthismorning?
A.whenB.whereC.whichD.who
8.Whoisthewoman____issweepingtheflooroverthere?
A.whoB./C.thatD.when
9.Theman____youtalkedjustnowisaworker.
A.whoB.whomC.towhomD.towho
10.Theman____youaregoingtomakefriendsismyfather’sneighbour.
A.withwhomB.whenC.towhomD.which
11.Thedoctor____isleavingforAfricanextmonth.
A.thenurseistalkingtohimB.whomthenurseistalking
C.thenurseistalkingtoD.whothenurseistalking
12.Theman____aroundourschoolisfromAmerica.
A.whichyoushowedB.youshowedhimC.youshowedD.whereyoushowed
13.Hetalkedaboutahero____noonehadeverheard.
A.ofwhomB.fromwhomC.aboutthatD.who
14.InfacttheSwededidnotunderstandthethreequestions____wereaskedinFrench.
A.whereB.whoC.inwhichD.which
15.Haveyoureadthebook____Ilenttoyou?
A.thatB.whomC.whenD.whose
16.Finally,thethiefhandedovereverything____hehadstolentothepolice.
A.thatB.whichC.whateverD.all
17.Theforeignguests,____weregovernmentofficials,werewarmlywelcomedattheairport.
A.mostofthemB.mostofthatC.mostofwhomD.mostofthose
18.Thisistheveryletter____camelastnight.
A.whoB.whichC.thatD.as
19.Iknowonlyalittleaboutthismatter;youmayask____knowsbetterthanI.
A.whoeverB.whomeverC.anyoneD.theone
20.Thisistheschool____wevisitedthreedaysago.
A.whereB./C.whenD.what
21.Thisisthefactory____weworkedayearago.
A.whereB.thatC.whichD.onwhich
22.Nearbyweretwocanoes____theyhadcometotheisland.
A.whichB.inwhichC.thatD./
23.Jackispleasedwith____youhavegivenhimandall____youhavetoldhim.
A.that,whatB.what,thatC.which,whatD.that,which
24.Doyouworknearthebuilding____colourisyellow?
A.thatB.whichC.itsD.whose
25.Inthedarkstreet,therewasn’tasingleperson____shecouldturnforhelp.
A.whomB.whoC.towhomD.formwhom
26.Isthisschool____wevisitedthreeyearsago?
A.theoneB.whichC.thatD.where
27.Isthistheschool____wevisitedthreeyearsago?
A.theoneB.whereC.inwhichD./
28,Howmanystudentsarethereinyourclass____homesareinthecountry?
A.whoseB.whoC.whomD.which
29.Alicereceivedaninvitationfromherboss,____cameasasurprise.
A.itB.whichC.thatD.he
30.ThetrainwascrowdedandIhadtogetintoacarriage____alreadysevenotherpeople.
A.whentherewereB.whichtherewereC.thattherewereD.wheretherewere
31.Iliveinthehouse____windowsfacesouth.
A.whichB.whoseC.whereD.inthat
32.----Whatgameispopularwiththem?----The____mostistennis.
A.gametheylikeitB.gametheylikeC.bestgametheylikeD.bestgametheylikeit
33.Theystayedwithmethreeweeks,____theydrankallthewineIhad.
A.whichB.whichtimeC.duringwhichtimeD.duringwhich
34.Theroom____MrWhitelivesisnotverylarge.
A.thatB.whichC.whereD.when
35.Don’tforgettheday____youwerereceivedintotheYouthLeague.
A.whenB.thatC.atwhichD.where
36.I’vefinishedwritingthenovel,____istobepublishednextmonth.
A.thatB.whatC.whichD.when
37.Hereturnedhomesafeandsoundafterafiercebattle,____wasunexpected.
A.whichB.asC.thatD.it
38.____weisknowntoall,Englishisnotverydifficulttolearn.
A.WhatB.AsC.ThatD.Which
39.Theoldmanhadthreesons,allof____diedduringWorldWarⅡ.
A.whoseB.thatC.whomD.who
40.Ihaveboughttwopens,____writewell.
A.noneofwhichB.neitherofwhichC.bothofwhichD.allofwhich
41.Doyouknowthereason____shehaschangedhermind?
A.whyB.whichC.forthatD.ofwhich
42.Hefailedintheexam,____provesthathewasn’tworkinghardenough.
A.whichB.whatC.itD.that
43.Duringtheweek____hetriedtocollectmaterialsforhisarticle.
A.followingB.followedC.tofollowD.thatfollowed
44.____wasexpected,hesucceededintheexam.
A.ItB.WhichC.AsD.That
45.Hestudiedhardandlaterbecameawell-knownwriter,____hisfatherexpected.
A.thatwaswhatB.whatwasthatC.andwhichwasD.whichwaswhat
46.Weshouldreadsuchbooks____willmakeusbetterandwiser.
A.whenB.asC.whoseD.what
47.Youmustshowmywifethesamerespect____youshowme.
A.whenB.asC.whoseD.what
48.Heisabsent____isoftenthecase.
A.whatB.whichC.whoD.as
49.Itisthefirsttime____Ihavecometoyourcity.
A.thatB.whichC.whatD.when
50.Who____hasthesameideaasitwilldoitinthisway.
A.whoB.thatC.whomD.which
51.Ishallneverforgetthoseyears____Ilivedinthecountrywiththefarmers,____hasagreateffectonmylife.
A.that,whichB.when,whichC.which,thatD.when,who
52.Thisistheonlybook____Icanfind.
A.thatB.whichC.itD.withwhich
53.Idon’tlike____youspeaktoher.
A.thewayB.thewayinthatC.thewaywhichD.thewayofwhich
54.Thatisoneofthosebooksthat____worthreading.
A.isB.areC.hasD.have
55.Thisistheonlyoneofthestudentswhosehandwriting____thebest.
A.isB.areC.hasD.have
56.Therewas____topreventtheaccident.
A.somethingcoulddoB.anythingwecoulddo
C.nothingwecouldn’tdoD.nothingwecoulddo
参考答案
语法复习四:定语从句
一、1.Thefanthatyouwantisonthedesk.2.Themanwhobroughtourtextbookshereyesterdayisinnextroom.3.Themagazinewhichhehastakenawayismine.4.Thestudentswhodon’tstudyhardwillnotpasstheexam.5.Thewomanyousawintheparkisourgeographyteacher.6.TheletterIreceivedyesterdayisfrommysister.7.Theplaythatwesawlastnightwaswonderful.8.ThetrainwhichwasgoingtoNanningwaslate.9.Theboywhowashereaminuteagoismybrother.10.Thetreeheisclimbingisquitetall.11.Hereisthegirlwhosebrotherworksinthisshop.12.That’sthechildwhosedrawingwewerelookingatjustnow.13.Thisistheboywhosesisterisafavoussinger.14.Iwanttotalktotheboywhosehomeworkhasn’tbeenhandedin.15.Isthatthewomanwhosedaughterisinmyclass?16.Heusedtoliveinabighouse,infrontofwhichgrewmanybananatrees.17.Theypassedafactory,atthebackofwhichtherewerericefields.18.Thesoldierrantothebuilding,onthetopofwhichflewaflag.19.Intheeveningtheyarrivedatahill,atthefootofwhichtherewasatemple.20.Shecameintoabigroom,inthemiddleofwhichstoodalargetable.
二、1.towhom;2.wihtwhich;3.withwhom;4.aboutwhich;5.inwhich;6.ofwhich
三、1~5ABACD6~10CDCCA11~15CCADA16~20ACCAB21~25ABBDC
26~30ADABD31~35BBDCA36~40CABCC41~45AADCD46~50BBDAB
经验告诉我们,成功是留给有准备的人。作为教师就要好好准备好一份教案课件。教案可以保证学生们在上课时能够更好的听课,帮助教师更好的完成实现教学目标。我们要如何写好一份值得称赞的教案呢?小编收集并整理了“定语从句专题复习精选”,希望对您的工作和生活有所帮助。
定语从句专题复习精选
(一)关系代词与关系副词的选用原则
1.关系代词
(2006北京)Women_____drinkmorethantwocupsofcoffeeadayhaveagreaterchanceofhavingheartdiseasethanthose_____don’t.
A.who;/B./;whoC.who;whoD./;/
(2005北京春)Doyoustillrememberthechickenfarm_____wevisitedthreemonthsago.
A.whereB.whenC.thatD.what
(汇编)He’sbeensenttotheplace_____needshimmost.
A.whereB.thatC.whatD.it
(2006福建)Lookout!Don’tgettooclosetothehouse____roofisunderrepair.
A.whoseB.whichC.ofwhichD.that
(2008陕西)Themanpulledoutagoldwatch,_____weremadeofsmalldiamonds.
A.thehandsofwhomB.whomthehandsofC.whichthehandsofD.thehandsofwhich
2.关系副词
(2003北京)Wearelivinginanage____manythingsaredoneoncomputer.
A.whichB.thatC.whoseD.when
(2008山东)Occasionsarequiterare______Ihavethetimetospendadaywithmykids.
A.whoB.whichC.whyD.when
(2005福建)---Isthatsmalltownyouoftenreferto?
---Right,justtheone_____youknowIusedtoworkforyears.
A.thatB.whichC.whereD.what
(2007福建)Thevillagehasdevelopedalot_____welearnedfarmingtwoyearsago.
A.whenB.whichC.thatD.where
(2008安徽)Alltheneighboradmirethisfamily_____theparentsaretreatingtheirchildlikeafriend.
A.whyB.whereC.whichD.that
(2004上海春)Afastfoodrestaurantistheplace_____,justasthenamesuggests,eatingisperformedquickly.
A.whichB.whereC.thereD.what
(汇编)Iwouldlikeyoutogivemethereason______youwereabsentfromtheimportantmeetingyesterday.
A.thatB.whichC.whyD.forthat
(2007天津)Thosesuccessfuldeafdancersthinkthatdancingisanactivity_____sightmattersmorethanhearing.
A.whenB.whoseC.whichD.where
(汇编)Iworkinabusiness_____almosteveryoneiswaitingforagreatchance.
A.howB.whichC.whereD.that
(2007江西)Aftergraduationshereachedapointinhercareersheneededtodecidewhattodo.
A.thatB.whatC.whichD.where
(2007陕西)Today,we’lldiscussanumberofcases______beginnersofEnglishfailtousethelanguageproperly.
A.whichB.asC.whyD.where
(汇编)He’sgothimselfintoadangeroussituation______heislikelytolosecontrolovertheplane.
A.whereB.whichC.whileD.why
3.关系代词与关系副词的跨越
(汇编)Doyoustillremembertheday______wewenttovisitthemuseumtogether?
A.whichB.atwhichC.forwhichD.onwhich
(2005广东)Manypeoplewhohadseenthefilmwereafraidtogototheforestwhentheyrememberedthescenes______peoplewereeatenbythetiger.
A.inwhichB.bywhichC.whichD.that
(2008上海)Wewentthroughaperiodcommunicationwereverydifficultintheruralareas.
A.whichB.whoseC.inwhichD.withwhich
4.介词+关系代词
(2005全国Ⅰ)Ihavemanyfriends,_____somearebusinessmen.
A.ofthemB.fromwhichC.whoofD.ofwhom
(2007北京)Weshouldn’tspendourmoneytestingsomanypeople,mostof_____arehealthy.
A.thatB.whichC.whatD.whom
(2007四川)Itisreportedthattwoschools,______arebeingbuiltinmyhometown,willopennextyear.
A.theybothB.whichbothC.bothofthemD.bothofwhich
(2005天津)Lastmonth,partofSoutheastAsiawasstruckbyfloods,from____effectsthepeoplearestillsuffering.
A.thatB.whoseC.thoseD.what
(2005重庆)Markwasastudentatthisuniversityfrom1999to2003,_____hestudiedveryhardandwasmadeChairmanoftheStudents’Union.
A.duringwhichtimeB.forwhichtimeC.duringwhosetimeD.bythattime
(2007江苏)Hewaseducatedatthelocalhighschool,_____hewentontoBeijingUniversity.
A.afterwhichB.afterthatC.inwhichD.inthat
(汇编)Davidisapleasantyoungman_____youcangetonverywell.
A.withwhomB.whoC.withthatD.whom
(2005江西)Theschoolsthemselvesadmitthatnotallchildrenwillbesuccessfulinthejobs_____theyarebeingtrained.
A.inthatB.forthatC.inwhichD.forwhich
(2007重庆)Humanfacialexpressionsdifferfromthoseofanimalsinthedegree_____theycanbecontrolledonpurpose.
A.withwhichB.towhichC.ofwhichD.forwhich
(二)限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别意义
(翻译)Herbrotherwho/thatisnowasoldieralwaysencourageshertogotocollege.
比较:Herbrother,whoisnowasoldier,alwaysencourageshertogotocollege.
(三)定语从句中的特殊情形
1.只用that
(汇编)Thefirstthing_____you’llhavetodoistotakearest.
A.whichB.thatC.whenD.this
(汇编)Thisistheonlyanswer_____right.
A.whichwethinkisB.whatwethinkitisC.thatwethinkisD.whatwethinkseems
(汇编)All_____canbedonehasbeendone.
A.thatB.whatC.whichD.ofwhich
(汇编)Theytalkedaboutthepersonsandthings_____theyrememberatschool.
A.whichB.inwhichC.whereD.that
(汇编)Whoistheman_____isstandingbythegate?
A.whoB.thatC.whichD.whom
2.which与as
(2003北京)NewYork,____lastyear,isaniceoldcity.
A.thatIvisitedB.whichIvisitedC.whereIvisitedD.inwhichIvisited
(2008江苏)TheScienceMuseum,______wevisitedduringarecenttriptoBritain,isoneofLondon’stouristattractions.
A.whichB.whatC.thatD.where
(2006浙江)Iwasgiventhreebooksoncooking,thefirst___Ireallyenjoyed.
A.ofthatB.ofwhichC.thatD.which
(2007上海)Hismoviewonseveralawardsatthefilmfestival,__wasbeyondhiswildestdream.
A.whichB.thatC.whereD.it
(汇编)Edisonmadealotofinventions,_____ofgreatimportance.
A.whichIthinkareB.whichIthinktheyareC.whichIthinktheyD.Ithinkwhichare
(2004北京)isreportedinthenewspapers,talksbetweenthetwocountriesaremakingprogress.
A.ItB.AsC.ThatD.What
(2001全国)isknowntoeverybody,themoontravelsroundtheearthonceeverymonth.
A.AsB.ItC.ThatD.what
*比较:(汇编)_____hasbeenannouncedthatweshallhaveanotherexamnextweek.
A.ThatB.AsC.ItD.What
(汇编)Iam_____youcanimagineshortenoughofmoney.
A.whichB.thatC.asD.who
(汇编)HemustbefromAfrica,_____canbeseenfromhisskin.
A.thatB.asC.whoD.what
(2000上海春)Thesehousesaresoldatsuchalowprice_____peopleexpected.
A.likeB.asC.thatD.which
(汇编)Ihaveboughtthesamedress_____sheiswearing.
A.asB.thatC.whichD.than
*比较:(汇编)Heissuchagoodboy_____everyonelikeshim.
A.thatB.whichC.whenD.as
3.关系词的省略
(汇编)Isthisvillage_____youvisitedlastyear?
A.whereB.thatC.inwhichD.theone
(2005上海春)Isthisthereason_____atthemeetingforhiscarelessforhiswork?
A.heexplainedB.whatheexplainedC.howheexplainedD.whyheexplained
(1996上海)Idon’tlike_____youspeaktoher.
A.thewayinthatB.thewayC.thewaywhichD.thewayofwhich
(2004湖北)Whatsurprisedmewasnotwhathesaidbut____hesaidit.
A.thewayB.inthewaythatC.inthewayD.thewaywhich
*(2001北京春)---DidyouremembertogiveMarythemoneyyouowedher?
---Yes.Igaveittoher______Isawher.
A.whileB.themomentC.suddenlyD.Once
*(四)定语从句与其他语法项目的综合考查
1.先行词与定语从句谓语动词的一致性
(汇编)I,____yourgoodfriend,willtrymybesttohelpyouout.
A.whoisB.whoamC.thatisD.whatis
(汇编)“Those____toseethenewfilmwritedownyournames,please”
A.wantB.whoC.thatwantsD.whowant
(汇编)BeihaiParkisoneofthemostbeautifulparks_____builtabout300yearsagoinBeijing.
A.whichwasB.wherewereC.thatwereD.thatwas
(2002上海春)Heistheonlyoneofthestudentswho_____awinnerofscholarshipforthreeyears.
A.isB.areC.havebeenD.hasbeen
2.allthat(定语从句)与what(名词性从句)
(汇编)Is_____youwanttosay?
A.allthatB.allwhatC.thatallD.whatall
(2007上海春)Thethoughtofgoingbackhomewas_____kepthimhappywhilehewasworkingabroad.
A.thatB.allthatC.allwhatD.which
(汇编)All____yousaidatthemeeting____nothingtodowiththeproblem.
A.what,haveB.that,hasC.which,haveD.what,has
3.定语从句和同位语从句中的that
(汇编)Nobodybelievedhisreasonforbeingabsentfromtheclass_____hehadtomeethisuncleattheairport.
A.whyB.thatC.whereD.because
4.定语从句和强调句的综合
(2007山东)----Wheredidyougettoknowher?
-----Itwasonthefarm______weworked.
A.thatB.thereC.whichD.where
一位优秀的教师不打无准备之仗,会提前做好准备,教师要准备好教案,这是每个教师都不可缺少的。教案可以让学生能够在教学期间跟着互动起来,有效的提高课堂的教学效率。教案的内容具体要怎样写呢?为此,小编从网络上为大家精心整理了《注意判断定语从句》,供大家借鉴和使用,希望大家分享!
注意判断定语从句
1.Jinanisnolongerthecitythatitusedtobe.__________
2.Jinanisnolongerwhatitusedtobe.__________
3.Jinanisnolongerthesamecityasitusedtobe.__________.
4.Itiswellknownthattheearthisround.__________
5.Asiswellknown,theearthisround.__________
6.ItwasonOct.1stthatthenewChinawasfounded.__________
7.ItwasOct.1stwhenthenewChinawasfounded.__________
8.Thisissuchaninterestingbookthateverybodylikestoreadit.__________
9.Thisissuchaninterestingbookaseverybodylikestoread.__________
10.Hefoundthebookthathehadlostthedaybefore.__________
11.Hefoundthebookwherehehadlostitthedaybefore.__________
12.Themotherisalwaystellingherchildtostudyhard,whichdoesn’thelpatall.__________
13.Themotherisalwaystellingherchildtostudyhardandthatdoesn’thelpatall.__________
14.Thenewsthathetoldussurprisedusall.__________
15.Thenewsthathegotkilledintheracesurprisedusall.__________
易混从句对比练习
1.A.①Theyoungmanfoundthegoldwatch_______helost.
C.②Theyoungmanfoundthegoldwatch_______helostit.
A.thatB.inwhichC.whereD.there
2.D.①Thecompanyandtheeffect_______broughtaboutdidgreatgoodtoourbusinessinwesterncountries.
A.②Thecompanyandtheeffect_______itbroughtaboutdidgreatgoodtoourbusinessinwesterncountries.
A.thatB.whatC.towhichD.it
3.A.①Useyourownmind.Neverbereadytobelieveanything_______otherpeoplebelieve.
C.②Useyourownmind.Neverbereadytobelieveanything_______otherpeoplebelieveit.
A.thatB.whichC.becauseD.when
4.D.①Isthismuseum_______theyvisitedyesterday?
A.②Isthisthemuseum_______theyvisitedyesterday?
B.③Isthisthemuseum_______theyvisitedsomeancientweaponsyesterday?
A.thatB.whereC.oneD.theone
5.A.①Nextmonth,______you’llspendinyourhometown,iscoming.
C.②Nextmonth,______you’llbeinyourhometown,iscoming.
A.thatB.whichC.whenD.where
6.C.①Yesterdayourchemistryteacheraskedsodifficultaquestion________puzzledallofus.
A.②Yesterdayourchemistryteacheraskedsodifficultaquestion________itpuzzledallofus.
A.thatB.whichC.asD.what
7.B.①Thisisoneofthebestfilms_______thisyear.
C.②Thisistheoneofthebestfilms_______thisyear.
A.havebeenshownB.thathavebeenshownC.thathasbeenshownD.whichhasbeenshown
8.C.①_______,paperwasfirstmadeinChina.
A.②_______thatpaperwasfirstmadeinChina.
B.③_______isthatpaperwasfirstmadeinChina.
A.ItisknowntousallB.Whatisknowntousall
C.AsisknowntousallD.Thatisknowntousall
9.A.①WhenChristopherColumbusreachedtheplace_______isnowtheUSA,hecalledthepeopleofthenewworld“Indians”.
D.②WhenChristopherColumbusreached_______isnowtheUSA,hecalledthepeopleofthenewworld“Indians”.
A.whichB.whereC.thereD.what
10.B.①Thetownisnolongertheone_______itwas10yearsago,_______itwasquitedirty.
D.②Thetownisnolonger______itwas10yearsago;_______itwasquitedirty.
B.③Thetownisnolongerthesame_______itwas10yearsago,_______itwasquitedirty.
A.that;thenB.as;whenC.that;whenD.what;then
11.C.①Thisistheveryway_______hedidtheexperiment.
C.②Thisistheveryway_______hetoldmeyesterday.
A.③Thisis_______hedidtheexperiment.
A.howB.bywhichC.thatD.which
12.D.①Thereason_______hefailedwasthathehadn’ttakenmyadvice.
B.②Thereasonfor_______hefailedwasthathehadn’ttakenmyadvice.
A.③Theonlyreason_______hecouldgiveuswasthathefailedtocatchthebus.
A.thatB.whichC.becauseD.why
13.C.①Youshouldputthedictionary_______youcouldfinditeasily.
C.②Youshouldputthedictionaryonthedesk_______youcanfinditeasily.
A.whichB.inwhichC.whereD.there
14.C.①Itisthehouse_______Imettheyoungman.
A.②Itwasinthehouse_______Imettheyoungman.
A.thatB.whichC.whereD.there
15.C.①Itwas7:00_______IarrivedinBeijing.
A.②Itwasat7:00_______IarrivedinBeijing.
A.thatB.whichC.whenD.onwhich
16.A.①Hesaidnothing_______mademeangry
B.②Hesaidnothing,_______mademeangry
C.③Hesaidnothing,_______hadbeenexpected.
A.thatB.whichC.asD.it
17.A.①TheChicagoBullsusedtobemadeupofthebestbasketballplayersintheStates,_______areBlackAmericans.
B.②TheChicagoBullsusedtobemadeupofthebestbasketballplayersintheStates,_______BlackAmericans.
B.③TheChicagoBullsusedtobemadeupofthebestbasketballplayersintheStates,and_______areBlackAmericans.
A.mostofwhomB.mostofthemC.mostofwhichD.mostofit
18.C.①—Whydidhesayso?
—Sorry,Idon’tunderstand_______hesaid.
B.②—Whydidhesayso?
—Sorry,Idon’tunderstand_______hesaidmeans
A.allwhatB.whatallC.allthatD.thatall
19.C.①Computersmustbeofgreatuseto________dothescientificresearch.
A.②Computersmustbeofgreatuseto________doingthescientificresearch.
A.thoseB.whoC.thosewhoD.whomever
20.B.①Youcanusealargerplasticbattle,_______iscutoff,asapottogrowflowersin.
D.②Youcanusealargerplasticbattle,_______cutoff,asapottogrowflowersin.
A.thetopB.whosetopC.whosethetopD.withitstop
1Ac2.da3.ac4.dab5.bc.6ca.7bc8cab9ad10cdb11.cca12.dba.13cc14.ca.15ca16abc.17abb.18cb19ca20bd
高考语法专题:定语从句
考纲新研读
考查的重点是介词+关系代词which,whom引导的定语从句;非限制性定语从句也时有考查。
1.限制性定语从句
句子作定语,由关系代词和关系副词引导,被修饰部
分叫先行词。
(1)关系代词:that,which,who,whom,whose,在句子中
作主语或宾语,作宾语时可省略。
that,指人或物:
Whoisthemanthatisreadingthenewspaperoverthere?
Thefinger(that)Iputintomymouthwasnottheone
(that)I
haddippedintothecup.
which,指物:
Achemical’sshopisashopwhichsellsmedicine.(作主语)
Thefilm(which)wesawlastnightwaswonderful.(作宾语)
who,whom,whose,指人,分别做主语、宾语和定语:
Themanwhovisitedourclassyesterdayisournewheadmaster.
Who’stheman(whom)youjusttalkedto?
Thisistheroomwhosewindowfacessouth.
介词后指人用whom,指物用which。
介词可提前,也可在后;在后时可用who,that,也可省略:
Thisistheroominwhichwelivedlastyear.
=Thisistheroom
(which/that)welivedinlastyear.
Who’sthemanwithwhomyoujustshookhands?=Who’sthe
man(who/whom/that)youjustshookhandswith?
但是固定搭配,介词不能提前:
Isthisthebookwhichshewaslookingfor?
(2)关系副词:when,where,why,在定语从句中分别作时间、地点
和原因状语。
when,指时间:
Istillrememberthedaywhen(onwhich)IfirstcametoBeijing.
比较:IstillrememberthedaythatIspentinBeijing.
where,指地点:
Thisisthehousewhere(inwhich)Ilivedtwoyearsago.
比较:ThisisthehousethatIboughttwoyearsago.
why,指原因:在“reason”后:
Thereasonwhyhewaslateisthatthecarbrokedownontheway.
比较:Thereasonthathegaveusisnotreasonable.
(3)thesame...as;such...as引导的定语从句:
ThisisthesamepenasIlostyesterday.
Youshouldpaymoreattentiontosuchmistakesasyoumadelast
time.
Thisissuchaninterestingbookaseveryonelikestoread.
(4)定语从句典例:
LiHuaisoneoftheboyswhoareneverlateforschool.
(who指boys)
李华是从不迟到的男孩之一。
LiHuaistheonlyoneoftheboyswhoisneverlateforschool.
(who指one)
李华是男孩中唯一从不迟到的。
Isthisnewteachingbuildingtheoneyouvisitedlastnight?
(变为陈述句后,is移到building之后。)
Isthisthenewteachingbuildingyouvisitedlastnight?
(变为陈述句后,is移到this之后。)
Whoisthemanthatistalkingwithourteacher?
(为避免重复,用that不用who)
(5)定语从句应注意的几点:
A.that引导的定语从句与that引导的同位语从句的区别:
Thefactthatwetalkedaboutisveryimportant.
(that引导的是定语从句,that作宾语,可省略。)
ThefactthattheChineseinventedthecompassisknownto
all.
(that引导的是同位语从句,that不作成分,不能省略,句子
介绍的是fact的具体内容。)
B.用that不用which:两者都可表物,大部分情况可通用,但下
列情况例外:
先行词为all,few,much,little,nothing,everything,anything等:
Allthatmustbedonehasbeendone.
ThereislittlethatIcandoforyou.
先行词被all,few,little,any,thevery,theonly,first,second,
last或形容词的最高级修饰时:
That’stheonlythingthatwecandonow.
ThisisthebestnovelthatIhaveeverread.
先行词既有人也有物时:
Myfatherandhisteachertalkedofthingsandpersons(that)
theyrememberedintheschool.
C.用which不用that:指物,在介词后或引导非限制性定语从句:
I’llneverforgetthedayonwhichIjoinedthearmy.
Thatwastheway(inwhich)shelookedafterus.
Football,whichisaveryinterestinggame,isplayedalloverthe
world.
2.非限制性定语从句
限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的定语,而非限制性定语从句
只是附加说明,如果去掉,主句意思仍然清楚。非限制性定语从
句用逗号与主句隔开,由which,who,whom,whose,where,when、
等引导:
Hisbrother,whoisaPLAman,wrotetohim.(只有一个哥哥)
HisbrotherwhoisaPLAmanwrotetohim.(不只一个哥哥)
Football,whichisaveryinterestinggame,isplayedalloverthe
world.
We’llputofftheoutinguntilnextweek,whenwewon’tbeso
busy.
Hetookoutapieceofpaper,onwhichwerewrittensomewords.
Theyarrivedatafarmhouse,infrontofwhichsatasmallboy.
比较:“他有两个女儿,其中一个是护士。”
Hehastwodaughters,oneofwhomworksasanurse.
(非限制性定语从句)
Hehastwodaughters,andoneofthemworksasanurse.(并列句)
另外,as和which引导非限制性定语从句,可代替整个句子,as指熟知的内容,引导的句子可在句首、句中和句尾;而which指没想到的事情或客观事实,且只能在句尾。比较:
Asisknowntoall,TaiwanbelongstoChina.
Theearth,asweknow,goesaroundthesun.
Heisagainsttheidea,ascanbeexpected.
HehastoworkonSundays,whichhedoesn’tlike.
Sheremarried,aswehadexpected.
3.介词+关系代词引导的定语从句
(1)介词+关系代词引导的定语从句,修饰物时用which不用that,
修饰人时用whom不用who。例如:
Thisistheroominwhichwelivedlastyear.
Who’sthecomradewithwhomyoujustshookhands?
(2)注意:固定搭配,介词不能提前。例如:
Isthisthebookwhichshewaslookingfor?
(3)既可引导限制性定语从句,也可引导非限制性定语从句。
例如:
Behaviorisamirrorinwhicheveryoneshowshisimage.
Lifeisapieceofwhitepaper,onwhicheveryonecanputone
ortwooftheirownwordsdown.
Theyarrivedatanoldchurch,infrontofwhichstoodabig
crowdofpeople.
Alsopresentweretwoofhiscolleagues,oneofwhomwas
injured.
高考新剖析
1.Aperson__________e-mailaccountisfullwon’tbeableto
sendorreceiveanye-mails.[年高考天津卷]
A.whoB.whomC.whoseD.whoever
2.Myfriendshowedmeroundthetown,________wasverykind
ofhim.[年高考全国卷Ⅱ]
A.whichB.thatC.whereD.it
C
A
3.Wewentthroughaperiod_________communicationswerevery
difficultintheruralareas.[2008年高考上海卷]
A.whichB.whose
C.inwhichD.withwhich
4.Whatsurprisedmewasnotwhathesaidbut__________he
saidit.
A.thewayB.inthewaythat
C.inthewayD.thewaywhich
5.Anyway,thatevening,__________I’lltellyoumoreaboutlater,
IendedupstayingatRachel’splace.
A.whenB.whereC.whatD.which
6.GeorgeOrwell,__________wasEricArthur,wrotemany
politicalnovelsandessays.
A.therealnameB.whathisrealname
C.hisrealnameD.whoserealname
C
A
D
D
7.—Whydoesshealwaysaskyouforhelp?
—Thereisnooneelse__________,isthere?
A.whototurntoB.shecanturnto
C.forwhomtoturnD.forhertoturn
8.ShewaseducatedatBeijingUniversity,__________shewenton
tohaveheradvancedstudyabroad.
A.afterthatB.fromthat
C.fromwhichD.afterwhich
9.Hismoviewonseveralawardsatthefilmfestival,__________
wasbeyondhiswildestdream.
A.whichB.thatC.whereD.it
10.Hewaseducatedatthelocalhighschool,__________hewent
ontoBeijingUniversity.
A.afterwhichB.afterthat
C.inwhichD.inthat
B
D
A
A
精题新探究
__________isoftenthecasewithchildren,Amywas
completelybetterbythetimethedoctorarrived.
A.ThatB.WhichC.AsD.It
2.Thisisoneofthemostexcitingfootballgames__________Ihaveeverseen.
A.whereB.thatC.whatD.which
3.Thecoursenormallyattracts20studentsperyear,__________uptohalfwillbefromoverseas.
A.inwhichB.forwhich
C.withwhichD.ofwhom
4.Children,inmyopinion,__________creativeabilityisunthinkablyrich,isseldomtakennoticeofbyus,__________shouldbetrainedinthatarea.
A.which;thatB.whose;which
C.which;whichD.whose;that
C
B
D
B
5.Atlast,thethiefhadtohandineverything__________hehad
stolentothepolice.
A.whichB.whatC.whateverD.that
6.__________isknowntotheworld,China’sLiuXiangbecame
thefirstAsianinhistorytowinthemen’s110mhurdlesatthe
OlympicGames.
A.ThatB.WhichC.AsD.It
7.Idon’tknowthereason__________youwereabsentfromthe
meeting,butIamnotsurethatsomeonewilltellmethereason
__________youhaven’ttoldme.
A.why;thatB.that;why
C.because;whyD.ofwhich;that
8.Whenshecamebackfromabroad,Lucytoldusaboutthe
citiesandthepeople__________shehadvisited.
A.thatB.whoC.whereD.which
D
C
A
A
9.Becauseofthetrafficjam__________Iwascaught,Iwaslatefor
themeeting.
A.bywhichB.inwhich
C.thatD.where
10.Inmyhometown,thereisamysteriousdarkhole,__________
depthhasneverbeenmeasured.
A.thatB.whereC.whichD.whose
11.Onthewhole,thetime__________thestudentsdevotetothe
gameintheInternetcafeswithoutdoubthasagreateffectonthe
studyintheschool.
A.inwhichB.onwhich
C.whenD.that
12.Canyouthinkofsomecases_________studentsobviouslyknow
theproblemsbutcan’tworkthemout?
A.asB.whereC.whyD.which
B
D
D
B
13.Alicestoodinfrontofthewindow,__________shecouldwatch
herclassmatesplayingfootball.
A.fromthereB.where
C.fromwhereD.there
14.Shekepttellingherfathertopayattentiontohisownhealth,
__________,infact,didn’thelpatall.
A.whichB.heC.itD.while
15.JackieRobinsonWilliamshopedtobecomeasfamousasthe
player__________hewasnamed.
A.afterwhomB.which
C.aswhoD.that
C
A
A
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