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定语从句专题复习精选

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定语从句专题复习精选

(一)关系代词与关系副词的选用原则

1.关系代词

(2006北京)Women_____drinkmorethantwocupsofcoffeeadayhaveagreaterchanceofhavingheartdiseasethanthose_____don’t.

A.who;/B./;whoC.who;whoD./;/

(2005北京春)Doyoustillrememberthechickenfarm_____wevisitedthreemonthsago.

A.whereB.whenC.thatD.what

(汇编)He’sbeensenttotheplace_____needshimmost.

A.whereB.thatC.whatD.it

(2006福建)Lookout!Don’tgettooclosetothehouse____roofisunderrepair.

A.whoseB.whichC.ofwhichD.that

(2008陕西)Themanpulledoutagoldwatch,_____weremadeofsmalldiamonds.

A.thehandsofwhomB.whomthehandsofC.whichthehandsofD.thehandsofwhich

2.关系副词

(2003北京)Wearelivinginanage____manythingsaredoneoncomputer.

 A.whichB.thatC.whoseD.when

(2008山东)Occasionsarequiterare______Ihavethetimetospendadaywithmykids.

A.whoB.whichC.whyD.when

(2005福建)---Isthatsmalltownyouoftenreferto?

---Right,justtheone_____youknowIusedtoworkforyears.

A.thatB.whichC.whereD.what

(2007福建)Thevillagehasdevelopedalot_____welearnedfarmingtwoyearsago.

A.whenB.whichC.thatD.where

(2008安徽)Alltheneighboradmirethisfamily_____theparentsaretreatingtheirchildlikeafriend.

A.whyB.whereC.whichD.that

(2004上海春)Afastfoodrestaurantistheplace_____,justasthenamesuggests,eatingisperformedquickly.

A.whichB.whereC.thereD.what

(汇编)Iwouldlikeyoutogivemethereason______youwereabsentfromtheimportantmeetingyesterday.

A.thatB.whichC.whyD.forthat

(2007天津)Thosesuccessfuldeafdancersthinkthatdancingisanactivity_____sightmattersmorethanhearing.

A.whenB.whoseC.whichD.where

(汇编)Iworkinabusiness_____almosteveryoneiswaitingforagreatchance.

A.howB.whichC.whereD.that

(2007江西)Aftergraduationshereachedapointinhercareersheneededtodecidewhattodo.

A.thatB.whatC.whichD.where

(2007陕西)Today,we’lldiscussanumberofcases______beginnersofEnglishfailtousethelanguageproperly.

A.whichB.asC.whyD.where

(汇编)He’sgothimselfintoadangeroussituation______heislikelytolosecontrolovertheplane.

A.whereB.whichC.whileD.why

3.关系代词与关系副词的跨越

(汇编)Doyoustillremembertheday______wewenttovisitthemuseumtogether?

A.whichB.atwhichC.forwhichD.onwhich

(2005广东)Manypeoplewhohadseenthefilmwereafraidtogototheforestwhentheyrememberedthescenes______peoplewereeatenbythetiger.

A.inwhichB.bywhichC.whichD.that

(2008上海)Wewentthroughaperiodcommunicationwereverydifficultintheruralareas.

A.whichB.whoseC.inwhichD.withwhich

4.介词+关系代词

(2005全国Ⅰ)Ihavemanyfriends,_____somearebusinessmen.

A.ofthemB.fromwhichC.whoofD.ofwhom

(2007北京)Weshouldn’tspendourmoneytestingsomanypeople,mostof_____arehealthy.

A.thatB.whichC.whatD.whom

(2007四川)Itisreportedthattwoschools,______arebeingbuiltinmyhometown,willopennextyear.

A.theybothB.whichbothC.bothofthemD.bothofwhich

(2005天津)Lastmonth,partofSoutheastAsiawasstruckbyfloods,from____effectsthepeoplearestillsuffering.

A.thatB.whoseC.thoseD.what

(2005重庆)Markwasastudentatthisuniversityfrom1999to2003,_____hestudiedveryhardandwasmadeChairmanoftheStudents’Union.

A.duringwhichtimeB.forwhichtimeC.duringwhosetimeD.bythattime

(2007江苏)Hewaseducatedatthelocalhighschool,_____hewentontoBeijingUniversity.

A.afterwhichB.afterthatC.inwhichD.inthat

(汇编)Davidisapleasantyoungman_____youcangetonverywell.

A.withwhomB.whoC.withthatD.whom

(2005江西)Theschoolsthemselvesadmitthatnotallchildrenwillbesuccessfulinthejobs_____theyarebeingtrained.

A.inthatB.forthatC.inwhichD.forwhich

(2007重庆)Humanfacialexpressionsdifferfromthoseofanimalsinthedegree_____theycanbecontrolledonpurpose.

A.withwhichB.towhichC.ofwhichD.forwhich

(二)限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别意义

(翻译)Herbrotherwho/thatisnowasoldieralwaysencourageshertogotocollege.

比较:Herbrother,whoisnowasoldier,alwaysencourageshertogotocollege.

(三)定语从句中的特殊情形

1.只用that

(汇编)Thefirstthing_____you’llhavetodoistotakearest.

A.whichB.thatC.whenD.this

(汇编)Thisistheonlyanswer_____right.

A.whichwethinkisB.whatwethinkitisC.thatwethinkisD.whatwethinkseems

(汇编)All_____canbedonehasbeendone.

A.thatB.whatC.whichD.ofwhich

(汇编)Theytalkedaboutthepersonsandthings_____theyrememberatschool.

A.whichB.inwhichC.whereD.that

(汇编)Whoistheman_____isstandingbythegate?

A.whoB.thatC.whichD.whom

2.which与as

(2003北京)NewYork,____lastyear,isaniceoldcity.

A.thatIvisitedB.whichIvisitedC.whereIvisitedD.inwhichIvisited

(2008江苏)TheScienceMuseum,______wevisitedduringarecenttriptoBritain,isoneofLondon’stouristattractions.

A.whichB.whatC.thatD.where

(2006浙江)Iwasgiventhreebooksoncooking,thefirst___Ireallyenjoyed.

A.ofthatB.ofwhichC.thatD.which

(2007上海)Hismoviewonseveralawardsatthefilmfestival,__wasbeyondhiswildestdream.

A.whichB.thatC.whereD.it

(汇编)Edisonmadealotofinventions,_____ofgreatimportance.

A.whichIthinkareB.whichIthinktheyareC.whichIthinktheyD.Ithinkwhichare

(2004北京)isreportedinthenewspapers,talksbetweenthetwocountriesaremakingprogress.

A.ItB.AsC.ThatD.What

(2001全国)isknowntoeverybody,themoontravelsroundtheearthonceeverymonth.

A.AsB.ItC.ThatD.what

*比较:(汇编)_____hasbeenannouncedthatweshallhaveanotherexamnextweek.

A.ThatB.AsC.ItD.What

(汇编)Iam_____youcanimagineshortenoughofmoney.

A.whichB.thatC.asD.who

(汇编)HemustbefromAfrica,_____canbeseenfromhisskin.

A.thatB.asC.whoD.what

(2000上海春)Thesehousesaresoldatsuchalowprice_____peopleexpected.

A.likeB.asC.thatD.which

(汇编)Ihaveboughtthesamedress_____sheiswearing.

A.asB.thatC.whichD.than

*比较:(汇编)Heissuchagoodboy_____everyonelikeshim.

A.thatB.whichC.whenD.as

3.关系词的省略

(汇编)Isthisvillage_____youvisitedlastyear?

A.whereB.thatC.inwhichD.theone

(2005上海春)Isthisthereason_____atthemeetingforhiscarelessforhiswork?

A.heexplainedB.whatheexplainedC.howheexplainedD.whyheexplained

(1996上海)Idon’tlike_____youspeaktoher.

A.thewayinthatB.thewayC.thewaywhichD.thewayofwhich

(2004湖北)Whatsurprisedmewasnotwhathesaidbut____hesaidit.

A.thewayB.inthewaythatC.inthewayD.thewaywhich

*(2001北京春)---DidyouremembertogiveMarythemoneyyouowedher?

 ---Yes.Igaveittoher______Isawher.

A.whileB.themomentC.suddenlyD.Once

*(四)定语从句与其他语法项目的综合考查

1.先行词与定语从句谓语动词的一致性

(汇编)I,____yourgoodfriend,willtrymybesttohelpyouout.

A.whoisB.whoamC.thatisD.whatis

(汇编)“Those____toseethenewfilmwritedownyournames,please”

A.wantB.whoC.thatwantsD.whowant

(汇编)BeihaiParkisoneofthemostbeautifulparks_____builtabout300yearsagoinBeijing.

A.whichwasB.wherewereC.thatwereD.thatwas

(2002上海春)Heistheonlyoneofthestudentswho_____awinnerofscholarshipforthreeyears.

A.isB.areC.havebeenD.hasbeen

2.allthat(定语从句)与what(名词性从句)

(汇编)Is_____youwanttosay?

A.allthatB.allwhatC.thatallD.whatall

(2007上海春)Thethoughtofgoingbackhomewas_____kepthimhappywhilehewasworkingabroad.

A.thatB.allthatC.allwhatD.which

(汇编)All____yousaidatthemeeting____nothingtodowiththeproblem.

A.what,haveB.that,hasC.which,haveD.what,has

3.定语从句和同位语从句中的that

(汇编)Nobodybelievedhisreasonforbeingabsentfromtheclass_____hehadtomeethisuncleattheairport.

A.whyB.thatC.whereD.because

4.定语从句和强调句的综合

(2007山东)----Wheredidyougettoknowher?

-----Itwasonthefarm______weworked.

A.thatB.thereC.whichD.where

相关知识

高考英语语法专题复习定语从句


每个老师需要在上课前弄好自己的教案课件,到写教案课件的时候了。教案课件工作计划写好了之后,才能使接下来的工作更加有序!你们到底知道多少优秀的教案课件呢?下面是小编帮大家编辑的《高考英语语法专题复习定语从句》,希望能对您有所帮助,请收藏。

Unit7TheSea

语法剖析
关系副词引导的定语从句;引导词前有介词的定语从句
1.观察下列句子:?
TheplacewhereIwentlastsummeristheMountainTai.我去去的地方是泰山。?
IrememberthedayswhenIstayedinThailand.我还记得在泰国的那些日子。?
ThereasonwhyJackissohappyisthathepassedtheexam.杰克之所以那么高兴是因为他通过了考试。?
我们已经学习了用关系代词that,which,who/whom引导的定语从句。回忆一下规则,我们可以判断,以上的三个句子不可以用这几个关系代词引导。因为,关系代词要在定语从句中充当主语或宾语,而这几个句子中,定语从句部分均不缺这两种成分,所以,应该使用关系副词where,when和why。显然,where的先行词应该是表示地点的名词或代词,when的先行词是表示时间的名词或代词;而why的先行词应该是表示原因的名词reason。
2.我们对上面的三个句子作些改变:?
TheplacetowhichIwentlastsummeristheMountainTai.?
IrememberthedaysinwhichIstayedinThailand.?
ThereasonforwhichJackissohappyisthathepassedtheexam.?
可以看出,上面的三个句子都需要代词来引导,并作介词的宾语。所以,我们要用关系代词which或that。但是,that是不能跟在介词之后引导定语从句的。因此,这三个句子都用which来作引导词。
3.介词放在关系代词之前的注意事项:?
(1)有的介词是定语从句中词组的固定搭配拆开的结果,即用什么介词由从句中的动词决定。如:?
Heistheboywho/whomIwastalkingto.他是我刚才与之交谈的男孩。?
→HeistheboytowhomIwastalking.?
(2)有的介词是根据句意添加上去的,即用什么介词由先行词决定。如:?
Thisisthesubjectonwhichhemadegreatprogress.这就是他取得巨大进步的科目。?
Heemployed30men,ofwhom12werefromhishometown.他雇了30个人,其中有12个是他的老乡。?
(3)定语从句中的词组若是十分密切的固定搭配,一般不可拆开。如:?
Isthisthepenthat/whichyouarelookingfor?这是你在找的那枝笔吗??
Thebabywho/whommysistertakescareofissolovely.我姐姐照顾的那个婴儿是如此的可爱。(4)表时间的“介词+which”=when;表地点的“介词+which”=where;表原因的“for+which”=why。
复习英语中的比较结构?
1.比较结构通常有下列表现形式:?
(1)表述两者或两者以上在某方面相似:as...as...?
(2)表述两者或两者以上在某方面程度不同:notas...as...;more...than...?
(3)表述某人或某物在某方面的独特或独一无二:themost+adj.?如:?
MikeisastallasourP.E.teacher.麦克和体育老师一样高。?
IamnotastallasMike,thatis,heistallerthanI.
?我不如麦克高,也就是说,他比我高。?
Mikeisthetallestboyinourclass,thatis,nooneistallerthanhim.
?麦克是我们班上最高的男生,就是说,没人比他更高。
2.几种特殊的比较结构:
(1)表述某人或某物在某方面无与伦比:?
Won’tfindamore...=bethemost... 如:?
Mickisthetallestboyinourclass,thatis,youwon?tfindatallerboyhere!
?麦克是我们班上最高的男生,就是说,在这里,你不会见到比他更高的男生了。?
(2)表述“越……就越……”:themore...,themore... 如:?
Themoreheeats,thefatterhebecomes;thefatterhebecomes,thelessconfidenthewillbe.
?吃得越多,他就越胖;变得越胖,他就越没有自信。?
(3)表述某人或某物在某方面的程度成倍数关系:?
①倍数+as...as:是……的几倍?
②倍数+more...than:比……程度强/多几倍?
③倍数+the+抽象名词(表示“量度、程度”等意义的词):是……的几倍 如:?
“长江的长度是这条河的三倍”有三种表达方式:?
TheChangjiangRiveristhreetimesaslongasthisriver.?
TheChangjiangRiveristwicelongerthanthisriver.?
TheChangjiangRiveristhreetimesthelengthofthisriver.

高考英语定语从句语法专题教案


高考英语定语从句语法专题教案
高三一轮复习金子般的学案语法部分:定语从句(新人教版)
1.定语从句:修饰一个名词或代词的从句称为定语从句,一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。
2.先行词:被定语从句修饰的那个名词或代词称为先行词。
3.关系词:引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词。关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词:who,whom,whose,which,that,as等;关系副词:where,when,why等。关系词常有三个作用:引导定语从句;代替先行词;在定语从句中充当一个成分。
例如:HarryPotteristhemostinterestingnovelthatIhaveread.(thatIhaveread是定语从句;novel是先行词;that是关系代词,代替先行词novel,在从句中作haveread的宾语。)
关系词指代人或物以及在定语从句中充当的成分
关系词指代人或物定语从句中充当的成分
关系
代词that[]人或物[]主语、宾语、[][]
表语或状语
which物或主句内容主语、宾语或定语
who人主语或宾语
whom人宾语
whose人或物定语
as人或物或主句内容主语或宾语
关系
副词when时间状语
where地点状语
why原因状语

4.限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句
限制性定语从句形式上不用逗号和主句隔开,是先行词不可缺少的部分,去掉它主句意思往往不明确,翻译成先行词的定语,“……的……”。非限制性定语从句是先行词的附加说明,去掉了也不会影响主句的意思,它与主句之间通常用逗号分开,通常翻译成主句的并列句。关系代词that和关系副词why不能引导非限制性定语从句。
Hisbrotherwhoisnowalawyeralwaysencourageshimtogotocollege.
他那个现在是律师的哥哥总是鼓励他上大学。(他还有其他的哥哥)
Hisbrother,whoisnowalawyer,alwaysencourageshimtogotocollege.
他的哥哥,现在是律师,总是鼓励他上大学。(他只有一个哥哥)
一、关系代词的使用

①Sheisthewoman(whom/that/who)Iwantedtoseeyesterday.
她是我昨天想看的那个女的。
②Thepackage(which/that)youarecarryingisabouttocomeunwrapped.
你扛着的包裹马上要拆开。
③ObamawontheNobelPrizeforPeaceintheyear,whichwehadntexpected.
Obama在年得诺贝尔和平奖是大家都没想到的。
④Yourparentsaretheonestowhomyoucanturnwhenyouareintrouble.
你父母是你困难时可以求助的人。

①whom/that/who指人,在限制性定语从句中作wantedtosee的宾语,可以省略。
②which/that指物,在限制性定语从句中作arecarrying的宾语,可以省略。
③which指前面主句内容,在非限制性定语从句中作宾语,但不能省略。
④whom前有介词to,虽然作宾语,但不能省略。
关系代词若在限制性定语从句中作宾语并且前面无介词时,关系代词可省略,其他情况不可省。

(1)我,你的好朋友,当你陷入困境的时候会帮你的。
I,whoamyourclosefriend,willtrymybesttohelpyouwheneveryouareintrouble.
(2)《哈利波特》是最受青少年欢迎的畅销书之一。
HarryPotterisoneofthebest-sellersthatarepopularwithteenagers.
《哈利波特》是唯一一本让作者成为亿万富翁的畅销书。HarryPotteristheonlyoneofthebest-sellersthatmakestheauthorabillionaire.
(3)他通过了考试,这使我们很惊讶。
Hehaspassedtheexam,whichmakesussurprised.
众所周知,中国发生了巨大的变化。
GreatchangeshavetakenplaceinChina,asisknowntoall.
(4)每家有台电视,30年前我们认为是不可能的,现在实现了。
ToownaTVsetineachfamily,whichwethinkwasimpossible30yearsago,nowhasbecometrue.
定语从句中的主谓一致问题
(1)关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。
(2)oneof+复数名词+关系代词+复数动词;而theonlyoneof+复数名词+关系代词+单数动词。
(3)非限制性定语从句中,由关系代词as或which代替整个主句时,从句谓语动词要用第三人称单数。
(4)关系代词和谓语动词之间有插入语时,谓语动词单复数要看关系代词的指代。

(5)所有能做的都做了。
Allthatcanbedonehasbeendone.
(6)这就是我想要买的电影。
ThisistheverydictionarythatIwanttobuy.
(7)他们在伦敦参观的第一个地方是大本钟。
ThefirstplacethattheyvisitedinLondonwastheBigBen.
(8)站在那儿的是谁?
Whoisthemanthatisstandingthere?
(9)Theyhavesetupacompany,whichdealswiththethingsthatarerelatedtoenvironmentprotection.
他们创立了一家环保公司。
(10)杭州不再是过去的杭州了。
Hangzhouisnomorethecitythatitusedtobe.
指物时,定语从句中的关系代词只能用that的情况:
①当先行词为everything,anything,nothing,theone,none,all,much,few,any,little等不定代词时,只用that。
②当先行词被theonly,thevery,all,much,few,any,little,no修饰时,只用that。
③当先行词被序数词、形容词最高级或者先行词被序数词、形容词最高级修饰时,只用that。先行词既有人又有物时,只用that。
④当主句的主语是疑问词who或which时,为避免重复要用that。
⑤有两个定语从句时,其中一个关系代词已用which,另一个宜用that。
⑥当先行词在主句中作表语,而关系代词也在从句中作表语时,只用that。

(11)那棵四百年的老树很有名。
Thetree,whichisfourhundredyearsold,isveryfamoushere.
(12)我们自给自足。
Wedependonthelandfromwhichwegetourfood.
(13)这本书是关于我们要去参观的那座有名的建筑吗?
Isthisthebookthatreferstothefamousbuildingwhichwewillgotovisit?
只能用which的情况:
①引导非限制性定语从句时,只能用which。
②介词后只用which,且不能省略。
③有两个定语从句时,其中一个关系代词已用that,另一个宜用which。

(14)有人愿意帮助受伤的人吗?
Isthereanyonewhoisreadytohelptheinjuredperson?
(15)这就是那位帮助在事故中受伤的人的医生吗?
Isthisthedoctorthathelpedthepeoplewhowereinjuredintheaccident?
指人时,定语从句中的关系代词只能用who的情况:
①当先行词是anyone,those时,只用who。
②有两个定语从句皆指人时,其中一个关系代词已用that,另一个宜用who。

(16)那个门破了的教室在二楼。
Theclassroomwhosedoor/thedoorofwhich/ofwhichthedoorisbrokenisonthesecondfloor.whose可以指代人或物,在定语从句中作定语,后跟名词。指物时,whose+名词=ofwhich+名词=名词+ofwhich。

(17)我们都知道,吸烟有害健康。
①Asweallknow,smokingisharmfultooneshealth.
太阳照射地球,这对我们是很重要的。
②Thesunheatstheearth,whichisveryimportanttous.
(18)①她和她妹妹穿一样的衣服。
Sheworethesamedressasheryoungsisterwore.
②这不是我们想到的那所房子。
ThishouseisnotsuchasIexpect.
(19)就像我们指出的那样,这种物质是有毒的。
Aswaspointedout,thiskindofsubstanceispoisonous.
关系代词as和which
在非限制性定语从句中,as和which可代替整个主句,相当于andthis或andthat。二者的区别主要在于:
①as引导的非限制性定语从句既可以在主句前,也可以在主句后,有时还可以在插入句中,常带有“正如……,正像……”的意思。而which引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在主句之后,翻译成“这”。
②as常用于以下固定搭配中:thesame+名词+as“和……同样的”,such+名词+as“像……一样的,像……之类的”,…suchas…“这样的人/物”。(such为代词,作先行词;as在从句中作宾语)
③在以下结构中,一般也用as:
as(it)appears,as(it)seems,as(it)oftenhappens,as(it)waspointedout/said/reported/announced,as(it)wassaidearlier,asIremember(it),asiswell-known,asisknowntoall,asanybodycansee等。

(20)这就是我一直在找的书。
Thisisthebookwhich/that/不填Iamlookingfor.
(21)他深爱对他慈爱的父母。
Helovedhisparentsdeeply,bothofwhomareverykindtohim.
=Helovedhisparentsdeeply,ofwhombothareverykindtohim.
(22)我没有足够的钱去买那条昂贵的裙子。
Idonthaveenoughmoneywithwhichtobuysuchanexpensivedress.
(23)从1998年到2004年Mike在这所大学学习,在此期间,他学习很努力并当选为学生会主席。
Mikestudiedattheuniversityfrom1998to2004,duringwhichtimehestudiedveryhardandwasmadechairmanoftheStudentsUnion.
“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句,关系代词指人时用whom,指物时用which。
①某些带有介词的动词短语,介词可以提至关系代词之前,但是在一些固定搭配的短语动词中,由于动词和介词不可以分割,因此不能将介词置于关系代词之前,如takecareof,lookfor,lookafter,carefor等。
②“介词+关系代词”前可有some,any,none,both,all,neither,most,each,few等代词或者数词,有时数词或代词也可以放在“介词+关系代词”之后。
③介词+which/whom+todo结构。这种结构可以改为:介词+which/whom+定语从句。
④在非限制性定语从句中,which可作定语,指先行词(短语或句子)所表示的信息,形成“介词+which+名词”结构,相当于andin/at/duringthis/that+名词。
二、关系副词的使用

(24)我仍然记得我们第一次上学的那天。
Istillrememberthedaywhen/onwhichwefirstcametotheschool.
(25)十年前我住的房子已经被推倒了。
Thehousewhere/inwhichIlivedtenyearsagohasbeenpulleddown.
(26)我不知道他今天看起来不高兴的原因。
Idontknowthereasonwhy/forwhichhelooksunhappytoday.
关系副词的分类和作用
①when指时间,在定语从句中作时间状语;when=表示时间的介词(in/at/on/during…)+which。
②where指地点,在定语从句中作地点状语,where=表示地点的介词(in/at/on/under…)+which。
③why指原因,在定语从句中作原因状语,why=表示原因的介词(for)+which。

(27)他回答这个问题的方式是令人惊讶的。
Thewayinwhich/that/不填heansweredthequestionwassurprising.
(28)Thewaywhich/thatheexplainedtouswasquitesimple.
在以theway为先行词的定语从句中,若theway在从句中充当状语,则通常由inwhich或that引导,而且通常可以省略。若theway在从句中充当宾语,则通常由which或that引导。

(29)中国是风筝的起源地,并从那里传播到日本、韩国、泰国和印度。
Chinaisthebirthplaceofkites,fromwherekitesspreadtoJapan,Korea,ThailandandIndia.
有时为了表达更清楚,可以在关系副词where/when前加上介词to,from等。

Thereisonepointthatwemustinsiston.
有一个观点我们必须坚持。(定语从句可还原为:wemustinsistonthepoint,所以先行词point在定语从句中作宾语,故用that/which或省略。)
Werejusttryingtoreachapointwherebothsideswillsitdowntogetherandtalk.
我们正努力做到能让双方坐下来对话。(定语从句可还原为:atthepointbothsideswillsitdowntogetherandtalk,故先行词point在定语从句中作状语,所以关系词用where/atwhich。)
一些特殊的先行词如situation,point,case,activity,scene及period,festival,occasion等要注意具体情况具体分析,作主语、宾语和表语用that/which,作状语用where/when/介词+which。
三、关系代/副词的选择技巧

(30)我会记住我们一起度过的日子。
Iwillrememberthedaysthat/which/省略wespenttogether.
(根据把定语从句还原成wespentthedaystogether,判断出thedays作spent的宾语)
(31)6月7日是我们开始高考的日子。
June7isthedaywhen/onwhichwebegintotakethecollegeentranceexamination.
(根据把定语从句还原成webegintotakethecollegeentranceexaminationontheday,判断出ontheday作状语。)
(32)这是他工作过10年的地方。
Thisistheplacewhere/inwhichheworkedfortenyears.
(根据把定语从句还原成heworkedintheplacefortenyears,判断出intheplace作状语。)

①用还原法:将先行词放入定语从句中,找到它的原有位置,判断它做什么成分以及判断先行词指人还是指物。
②一般说来,作主语、宾语或表语时,用关系代词;作状语时,用关系副词或介词+which;作定语时,用whose。
四、定语从句和其他句型之间的关系

Heissuchagoodboythateveryonelikeshim.(不缺句子成分,that引导结果状语从句)
他是如此好的一位男孩以至于大家都喜欢他。
Heissuchagoodboyaseveryonelikes.(likes缺宾语,用as充当并引导定语从句)
他是一个大家都喜欢的男孩。
Thegreatwhitesharkissofierceafishaseatsmostoftheothers.(as充当eats的主语,并引导定语从句)
大白鲨是大多数鱼都吃的一种凶狠的鱼。
区别such/so…as…引导的定语从句和such/so…that…引导的结果状语从句判断用that还是as,只要看从句的结构是否完整即可。如果从句缺了主语或宾语就是定语从句;如果从句的结构完整,就是结果状语从句。
区别非限制性定语从句与并列句
—Hewrotealotofnovels,noneof______werepopular.
—Itsthesamewithhiswife.Shewrotesomeplays,butnoneof______wasasuccess.
A.these;themB.which;which
C.those;which D.which;them
此题应选D。很容易误选A、B。选对该题的关键是:要注意前面一句的noneof…没有并列连词(说明它才是非限制性定语从句,所以其后填which),而后面一句的noneof…前有一并列连词but(说明它与前面一句构成并列句,所以其后填them)。
区别定语从句与名词性从句
①Asisknowntoall,themoontravelsaroundtheearth.
②Itisknowntoallthatthemoontravelsaroundtheearth.
③Thatthemoontravelsaroundtheearthisknowntoall.
④Whatisknowntoallisthatthemoontravelsaroundtheearth.

①as引导非限制性定语从句;
②it作形式主语,that引导主语从句;
③that引导主语从句;
④what引导主语从句,that引导表语从句。
区别定语从句与地点状语从句
①Whenyoureadthebook,youdbettermakeamarkintheplacewhereyouhaveanyquestions.
②Whenyoureadthebook,youdbettermakeamarkwhereyouhaveanyquestions.
③Pleaseputthebookintheplacewhereyougotit.
④Pleaseputthebookwhereyougotit.
①定语从句修饰place;②地点状语从句;③定语从句修饰place;④地点状语从句。
区别定语从句与强调句、状语从句
①Itwasthissmallvillage(that/which)wegottoknoweachother.
②Itwasinthissmallvillagethatwegottoknoweachother.
③Itwas1914whenthewarbrokeout.
④Itwasin1914thatthewarbrokeout.
⑤Itwas1914,whenthewarbrokeout.
①定语从句;②强调句;③时间状语从句;④强调句;⑤非限制性定语从句。
定语从句中含有插入语
①Hemadeanotherwonderfuldiscovery,whichIthinkisofgreatimportancetoscience.
②TheChinesegovernmenthasdecidedtodevelopthewestofChina,which,Idaresay,willbenefitthepeoplethere,especiallythosewhoarestillleadingapoorlife.
①Ithink作插入语;②Idaresay作插入语。

定语从句


俗话说,居安思危,思则有备,有备无患。准备好一份优秀的教案往往是必不可少的。教案可以更好的帮助学生们打好基础,帮助授课经验少的教师教学。您知道教案应该要怎么下笔吗?以下是小编收集整理的“定语从句”,仅供参考,欢迎大家阅读。

定语从句

1.定语从句的结构及理解2.定语从句的关系词的使用

3.定语从句的简化表达知识总结归纳

(一)定语从句的结构:在复合句中,修饰某个名词或代词的句子(做这个名词或代词的定语)叫定语从句,定语从句一般放在被修饰的名词或代词后面,被修饰的名词或代词叫做定语从句的先行词,它与定语从句之间要有一个词连接,这个词指代先行词的内容叫做关系词(关系代词或关系副词:that,which,who,whose,when,where,why)。先行词在定语从句中充当主语,宾语,时间,地点,原因状语。结构:先行词+关系词+定语从句。1.Thereshesawawallofwaterthatwasquicklyadvancingtowardsher.2.InJapan,someonewhoseesanotherpersonmakingthegesturewillthinkitmeansmoney.3.Athemeparkisacollectionofrides,exhibitionsorotherattractionsthatarebasedonacommontheme.4.TheparkhasaconservationcenterthathelpsprotectmarineanimalsandtheirhabitatsintheriversandcoastalwatersofAsia.5.Visitorscangoonexcitingrideswheretheycanfeelwhatitisliketodothethingstheyhaveseentheirheroesdointhemovie.6.OprahWinfreyisablackwomanwhoserisetofameisaninspiringstory.(二)定语从句分为限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句:限定性定语从句:从句对先行词进行必要的描述或说明,缺少它,则句义显得不完整,从句与先行词紧密相连。非限定性定语从句:对先行词进行补充说明,解释,它与先行词之间有逗号隔开。1.Beforeshecouldmove,sheheardaloudnoise,whichgrewtoaterribleroar.2.Treeaftertreewentdown,cutdownbythewater,whichmusthavebeenthreemetersdeep.3.Flora,whosebeautifulhairanddresswereallcoldandwet,startedcrying.4.Theirtalkincludesrhythmandrhymingwordsaswellastonguetwisters,whichoftenmaketheaudienceapplaud.(三)关系词前面可以根据定语从句的内容加上一些介词,这些关系词在介词后面常用which或whom.1.TherewasamanwithwhomIwouldhavetoworktogetherandfinallythemanagerofthecompany.2.Manypeoplewhosawthefilmwereafraidtoswimintheseawhentheyrememberedthescenesinwhichpeoplewereeatenbytheshark.知识重点与难点

(一)当先行词有最高级,序数词修饰,是不定代词,或是all,no,only等形式时,关系代词一般用that,而不能用which。1.TheTitanicwasthelargestshipthathadeverbeenbuiltatthattime.2.Thereisonethingthatkeepsworryingme.(二)当先行词是表示时间,地点,原因的词时,关系词用when,where,why还有which,that1.I’mverygladtoreturntomyhometownwhereIhadlivedfor10years.2.ThisismyhometownwhichIusedtotalkabouttoyou.3.IthinkIcanunderstandthereasonwhyhedidn’ttellthetruthtome.4.Noonebelievesthereasonthathegaveusabouthisabsenceatthemeeting.(三)定语从句的简化表达:

1.ThemanwhoissittingontheplatformisaprofessorfromWuhanUniversity.

2.Theletterthatwasmailedlastnightwillreachhimtomorrow.

3.Thequestionthatisbeingdiscussedisveryimportant.

4.Youarewelcometoapartytobegiveninourclassat7:45.说明:以上的定语从句部分可以用更加简单的非谓语形式表达出来:1.ThemansittingontheplatformisaprofessorfromWuhanUniversity.2.Thelettermailedlastnightwillreachhimtomorrow.3.Thequestionbeingdiscussedisveryimportant.4.Youarewelcometoapartytobegiveninourclassat7:45.说明:修饰一个名词除了后面用定语从句以外,还可以用非谓语动词形式:doing短语,done短语,beingdone短语,tobedone短语修饰。其结构和意思如下:1.被修饰名词+doing短语:正在做….的人/正在发生的事。

2.被修饰名词+done短语:被…..的人/事

3.被修饰名词+beingdone短语:正在被…..的人/事

4.被修饰名词+tobedone短语:将要被…..的人/事(1)Doyouknowthemantalkingtomysister?(2)The“crazy”gesture,movingtheindexfingerinacircleinfrontoftheear,means“youhaveaphonecall”inBrazil.(3)Didyouseethatcarbeingrepaired?(4)Inacamera,thelensmustbefocusedontheobjecttobephotographed.(5)Thestudentstoattendthemeetingwillarriveheretomorrow.(6)GoodsimportedfromabroadarenotalwaysbetterthanthosemadeinChina.(7)TheYellowRiver,saidtobe“themotherriver”runsacrossChinalikeahugedragon.总结:以上做定语的那些短语就是英语语法中所说的分词,不定式的各种形式作定语。1.这些短语作定语应放在被修饰名词的后面。如果单独一个V-ing或V-ed形式作定语,则可以放在被修饰名词前面。2.分词作定语时,其动作应与全句动作同时发生。V-ing表示主动意义和正在做,V-ed表示被动意义。beingdone表示正在被做的3.不定式作定语表示将要发生的,tobedone表示将要被做的

[例1]Friendshipisneededbyall,_____playsanimportantroleinpeople’slives.

A.whichB.thatC.whoD.it

分析:_____playsanimportantroleinpeople’slives为非限定性定语从句修饰先行词Friendship用which连接定语从句。

答案:A[例2]UncleLi_____Iworkedthreeyearsagohasretirednow.

A.whoB.whomC.withwhomD.towhom

分析:_____Iworkedthreeyearsago作为定语从句修饰先行词UncleLi,从句完整的表达是:IworkedwithUncleLithreeyearsago.所以关系词前应加上介词with。

答案:C[例3]Isthisthereason_____atthemeetingforhiscarelessnessinhiswork?

A.heexplainedB.whatheexplainedC.howheexplainedD.whyheexplained

分析:定语从句_____atthemeetingforhiscarelessnessinhiswork修饰先行词thereason指“他在会上就他工作中的粗心解释的原因。先行词在从句中做宾语。

答案:A[例4]Teachers,_____workisratherhard,arebeingbetterpaidthanbefore.

A.whoB.thatC.whichD.whose

分析:非限定性定语从句_____workisratherhard修饰先行词teachers,它与从句中的work是从属关系,关系词用whose答案:D[例5]TheOlympicGames,_____in776BC,didn’tincludedwomenplayersuntil1912.A.firstplayingB.tobefirstplayedC.firstplayedD.tobefirstplaying分析:公元前776年被首次举行的奥运会,直到1912年才容纳女运动员。_____in776BC做定语修饰TheOlympicGames,指过去的内容,表示被动。用done做定语。答案:C[例6]Thehouses_____fortheteachersandtheconstructionworkwillstartsoon.A.builtB.tobebuiltC.tobuildD.beingbuilt分析:根据句意房子即将开工。_____fortheteachersandtheconstructionwork修饰Thehouses应为ThehousesThehouses将要为教师和施工修建的房子。答案:B[例7]Howmanyofus_____,ameetingthatisnotimportanttouswouldbeinterestedinthediscussion?A.attendedB.attendingC.toattendD.haveattended分析:根据句意:比如说,我们当中参加一个对我们毫不重要的会议的人会有多少人对这个讨论感兴趣呢?_____,say,ameetingthatisnotimportanttous修饰Howmanyofus做定语。与全句动作同步.答案:B[例8]Shehasthreechildren,_____isworkinginAustralia.A.whoB.oneofwhomC.oneofthemD.noneofthem分析:非限定性定语从句__isworkinginAustralia修饰先行词threechildren,根据从句中的is判断,是说:三个孩子中的一个在澳大利亚工作。答案:B

1.Susanistheverygirl_____thegooddeed.

A.whomIthinkdidB.whomIthinkshedid

C.whoIthinkdidD.Ithinkwhodid

2.Luckily,thepoorboyhadenoughmoney_____hecouldbuyatrainticket.

A.bywhichB.onwhichC.withwhichD.forwhich

3.Thebook_____hedevotedmuchtimeistocomeoutnextmonth.

A.whereB.whichC.towhichD.onwhich

4.Thedaycamefinally_____Iwasgivenanopportunitytoactintheplay.

A.whenB.inthatC.whichD.inwhich

5.1.Don’tyouthinkthequestion_____tomorrowisofgreatimportance.A.beingdiscussedB.discussedC.tobediscussedD.todiscuss6.Thefood_____atthemomentisforthedinnerparty.A.cookedB.tobecookedC.isbeingcookedD.beingcooked7.Doyouknowtheteacher_____underthebigtree?A.readB.readsC.readingD.beingread1.CSusan正是我认为作了好事的那位女孩。先行词theverygirl在从句中做think的宾语,同时又是后面宾语从句didthegooddeed.的主语,所以关系词不能用whom

2.C定语从句_____hecouldbuyatrainticket.修饰先行词money:用这笔钱买火车票。关系词前面需要加介词:with

3.C定语从句_____hedevotedmuchtime意思是:他把大量的时间都投入在这本书上了。devote….tosth.关系词前加介词:to

4.A定语从句_____Iwasgivenanopportunitytoactintheplay修饰先行词theday:先行词theday在从句中做时间状语:在这一天我得到了扮演一个角色的机会。

5.C短语_____tomorrow做定语修饰thequestion,根据表达的内容:明天即将被讨论的问题。应当用不定式的被动结构做定语。6.D短语_____atthemoment做thefood的定语,表示:正在做的食物。Beingdone做定语表示:正在被……的……。7.C现在分词短语readingunderthebigtree做定语修饰theteacher表示:正在大树下看书的那位老师。

情态动词1.情态动词的推测表达2.情态动词表达虚拟语气3.某些情态动词的特殊用法知识重点与难点总结

知识重点:情态动词在表达推测意义的句子中的运用:(一)用情态动词表达事实的推测。can,could,might,may,must可以用来表达对事实的推测。根据说话人对事实的把握性大小,must表示“肯定…”,may/might/can/could表示“可能……”,must只用于肯定句中,may/might的否定式maynot/mightnot表示“可能不……”,而can/could可以用于疑问句,表示“可能,可能……吗?”,其否定式can’t/couldn’t表示“不可能”。用情态动词可以对现在或过去的事实进行推测。对不同的时间内容推测有不同的结构。(二)对现在的事实进行推测:主要结构:…must/may/might+动词原形be+名词/形容词/介词短语be+doing例句:1.YoumustbeJeanne.I’mMathildeLoisel.Weusedtoknoweachotherverywell.2.Theymustbeinbedalreadyatthistimeofthenight.3.Theteachermustbejoking.4.Fredaisn’tinclass.Shemustbesick.5.Theremustbesomethingwrong.6.Shemightbeveryclever,butshehasn’tgotmuchcommonsense.7.Hemaybearrivingthisevening.8.Hemaybetravelingaroundtheworld.9.Thekeyscan’tbeintheroom.Ihavejustsearcheditverycarefully.10.Canthenewsbetrue?(三)对过去的事实进行推测:结构:情态动词+havedone/been+名词/形容词/介词短语例句:1.Mrs.Longmansmusthavebeenaprettygirlinheryouth.2.Hecouldn’thaveseenAnnayesterday.She’sgoneabroad.3.IthinkImusthaveleftmyglassesinthelibrary.4.Hemighthaveoversleptagain.5.WherecanTomhavegone?情态动词表达虚拟语气:表达“本来…”,“不然早就…”。这是情态动词的一种虚拟语气用法。表示说话人所讲的与所发生的事实相反。表达了说话人的埋怨,后悔的语气。其结构是在一些情态动词后面加havedone结构。根据要表达的意思,有如下结构:shouldhavedone/oughttohavedone:本应该……shouldn’thavedone/oughtn’ttohavedone:本不该……couldhavedone:本来可以……needn’thavedone:本来没必要……wouldliketohavedone:本来很想……wouldrathernothavedone:本来不愿意……could/might/havedone:不然早就……例句:1.Youshouldn’thavelaughedathismistakes.2.Youcouldhavetoldusearlier.3.Ioughttohaveboughtthatdictionarylastweek.4.Yououghtnottohavespentsomuchtimeinreadingnovels.5.Weneednothavebeeninatearinghurrytocatchthetrain.6.Theywouldliketohaveseenthatfilmlastfilm.7.Ifhehadgivenmehisnumber,Icouldhavetelephonedhim.8.Theymighthavebeenfrozentodeathbutfortherescueintime.知识难点:某些情态动词的特殊用法:need和dare的两种形式的用法

need和dare可以用做实义动词,后面接不定式(todo)结构,在疑问句和否定句中,加助动词do/does/did/或don’t/doesn’t/didn’t。作为情态动词使用时,主要用于疑问句和否定句中。情态动词needn’t(没有必要,不必)相当于don’thaveto例句:1.Itiscold,youneedtowearsomewarmclothes.2.NeedIstayherewithyouforawhile?Thankyou,youneedn’t.3.Howdareyouspeaktoparentslikethat?注意:句型Idaresay+从句。意思是:我肯定……=I’msure或Thereisnodoubtthat+从句。例句:IdaresaythatmyunclewillgetthemoneyifIdie.will和would

表示“意志”或“愿意”,would则指过去愿意做……例句:1.Hesaidthathewouldhelpus.2.Youmaytelephoneifyouwillacceptthisjob.would可以表达“过去习惯做……”类似于“usedtodo”例句:1.Whenwewerechildren,wewouldgoswimmingeverysummerinthatriver.表示请求,固定的句型:Will/Wouldyoupleasedo…?/Wouldyouliketodo…?例句:Will/Wouldyoupleasegivehimamessagewhenyouseehim?shall

1.用于第一,三人称,表示“请求”;“建议”或“推荐”例句:1.Shallwestartthemeetingnow?2.ShallIwatchTVnow?3.Shallmysoncarrythecaseforyou?2.用于第二人称,表示“命令,“要求”,“许诺”例句:1.Youshalltakewhateveryoulike.2.Youshallnotgotothepartywithmeifyoumakesomuchnoiseagain.在表示推测的否定句或疑问句中,常用can/can’t/could/couldn’t表示,意思是:“可能…吗?”;“…不可能…”。而不能使用mustn’t或must等词。

1.—Doyouthinkhewilldomeafavor?—AsfarasIknow,heisthelastonetohelpothers.He_____bepreparedtogiveyouahand,though.A.mightB.mustC.canD.should分析:本题考查情态动词推测性用法。根据heisthelastonetohelpothers.(他是最不可能帮助别人的人),既然如此,那么“帮助你”的可能性也就最小了。答案为A2.—Look,someoneiscoming.Guesswhoit____be?—Ithinkit___beTom.—Idon’tthinkit___be____.A.can;must;can;heB.may;can;must;himC.must;can;must;hisD.might;must;can;himself分析:根据备选答案。can表示推测时用于疑问句或否定句中。本题首句就应该是Guesswhocanitbe?第二句应该是IthinkitmustbeTom.(说话人十分肯定)。第三句表达了说话人对前一个人的否定。即:Idon’tthinkitcanbehim/he.(不可能是他)。答案为A3.—DoyouknowMs.Wanglikeswalkingaftersupper?—Sure.She____aroundthecampusnow.A.mustbewalkingB.mustwalkC.maywalkD.maybewalking分析:关键词Sure告诉我们说话人的口气十分肯定。根据句子语境:她此刻肯定正在校园散步呢。mustbedoing表示肯定正在做。答案为A4.—IstayedatahotelinNewYork.—Oh,didyou?You_____withBarbara.A.couldhavestayedB.couldstayC.wouldsayD.musthavestayed分析:首句说:我在纽约住在一家宾馆里。在此ahotel是泛指。所以D选项不合题意。第二句在说:你本来可以和Barbara.住在一起的。Couldhavedone表示:本来可以。答案为A5.Whydidn’tyoutellmetherewasnomeetingtoday?I_____allthewayherethroughtheheavysnow.A.needn’thavedrivenB.can’thavedrivenC.mustn’thavedrivenD.shouldn’thavedriven分析:根据句意:你为什么不告诉我今天没有会?我本来没必要冒着大雪开车跑这么多路。Needn’thavedone表示本来没必要。答案为A6.Iwasreallyanxiousaboutyou.You_____homewithoutaword.A.mustn’tleaveB.shouldn’thaveleftC.couldn’thaveleftD.needn’tleave分析:根据句意:我真的很担心你,你真不应该一句话都不说就离开家。“离开家”已经发生了。Shouldhavedone正好表达了本句的意思。答案为B7.A:AreyoucomingtoJeff’sparty?B:I’mnotsure.I_____gototheconcertinstead.A.mustB.wouldC.shouldD.might分析:根据B的回答:我不一定去,我有可能去听音乐会。Might表示推测:可能。答案为D8.A:Ipromisethatshe____getanicepresentonherbirthday.B:Willitbeabigsurprisetoher?A.shouldB.mustC.wouldD.shall分析:A说:“我答应她在生日聚会上她会得到一份生日礼物。shall表示许诺。答案为D

1.A:IsJohncomingbytrain?B:Heshould,buthe_____not.Helikesdrivinghiscar.A.mustB.canC.needD.may2.Mr.White_____at8:30forthemeeting,buthedidn’tshowup.A.shouldhavearrivedB.shouldarriveC.shouldhavehadarrivedD.shouldbearriving3.Sorry,I’mlate.I_____haveturnedoffthealarmandgonetosleepagain.A.mightB.shouldC.canD.will4.You_____betired—You’veonlybeenworkingforanhour.A.mustnotB.won’tC.can’tD.maynot5.—Ididn’tgotoworkyesterdayafternoonbecausemycarbrokedown.—You_____mine.Iwasn’tusingit.A.mightborrowB.couldhaveborrowedC.canhaveborrowedD.oughttoborrow6.—Amanansweredthephone.Isupposeitwasherhusband.—It_____herhusband.Hehasbeendeadforages.A.mustn’tbeB.couldn’thavebeenC.maynothavebeenD.mustn’thavebeen

1.分析:根据B的回答“他应该(坐火车来),但是也不一定,他喜欢开自己的车。本题考查了情态动词的推测用法。may表示不十分有把握的推测。答案为D2.分析:根据句意:White先生本应该在8:30到这里出席会议的,可他(在8:30)没有到场。Shouldhavedone表示:本应该。答案为A3.分析:本句是说话人在解释迟到的原因:我或许是关掉闹钟又睡了。mighthavedone表示对过去的推测:可能已经……答案为A4.分析:根据后半句You’veonlybeenworkingforanhour.(你才刚干了一个小时)说明You_____betired(你不可能很累),can’t表示“不可能”答案为C

5.分析:听到对方说“昨天车坏了而没去上班”,第二个人说“你本来可以借我的车去上班。”本来可以/能:couldhavedone.答案为B6.分析:第二个人是说:那个人不可能是她丈夫,因为她丈夫已经去世多年了。根据对话的语境,是在谈论过去的事,表示过去不可能:couldnothavedone答案为:B

与it有关的主要句型

it强调句型知识总结归纳:

(一)it用做形式主语或形式宾语:根据句子结构的需要,it用做形式主语或形式宾语,而真正的主语或宾语(todo短语,doing短语,名词性从句)则放在句尾。

主要句型:

It’s+形容词/名词+连词+名词性从句

todosth.

doingsth.

find/make/think/feelit+形容词/名词+连词+名词性从句

todosth.

doingsth.

例句:

1.ItwillbecomemoreandmoreimportanttohaveagoodknowledgeofEnglish.

2.It’susualforclosefriendstohavesimilarideasandbeliefs.

3.It’sapitythatIdidn’tthinkofitearlier.

4.It’snousegoingtheresoearly.

5.Outteacherthinksitnogoodlearningwithoutpractice.

6.Didn’tImakeitcleartoyouthatIwasnotcoming?

7.Wefounditstrangethatnoonewouldtakethemoney.

(二)其他句型

1.Ittakes+时间段+sb.+todosth.

2.表示“据说,据报道,/人们认为/相信/建议等

It’ssaidthat…….

It’sreportedthat……

It’sbelieved/thought/suggestedthat……

例句:

1.Itgenerallytakestimetoreachthispoint—beingonthesamewavelength.

2.Itisbelievedthatthetwochildrenwentoffexploring(探险)ontheirownandgetstuckonthecliff.

3.It’ssuggestedthatweshouldhaveameetingtodiscusstheproblem.

4.Itwasoncepredicted(预测)thatBritishandAmericanEnglishwouldbecomeseparatelanguagesfinally.(三)it在强调句型中:在英语中,为了突出强调句子的某一个成分(谓语除外),达到强调或使听话人特别注意这一部分的目的。便形成了一种强调句型。

Itis/was+被强调的部分+that/who+句子的其他部分。

Itis/wasnotuntil+时间+that+句子的其他部分。

例句:

1.IsawJohnonmywaytoschoolthismorning.

ItwasJohnwho/thatIsawonmywaytoschoolthismorning.

ItwasonmywaytoschoolthatIsawJohnthismorning.

ItwasthismorningthatIsawJohnonmywaytoschool.

2.ItwashisbestsuitthatJohnworetothedancelastnight.

3.Itwasnotuntil1920thatregularradiobroadcastbegan.

4.Itwasthestrangewaythingslookedandsoundedinmyfamiliarroomatnightthatfrightenedmesomuch.

5.Itwasthekindnessandsympathyintheireyesthatpreventedmefromdoingso.知识难点:

(一)注意强调句型的变形,即以一般疑问句或特殊疑问句的形式出现的强调句型。

1.WhatisitthatJoecan’tfindinthebathroom?

2.WherewasitthatyoumettheforeignguestsfromAustralia?

3.Ican’tquiterememberwhenitwasthatwemarried.

4.Wasitbecausehewasveryillthatheaskedforleave?(二)是强调句型还是that主语从句或其他复合句

1.ItisafactthatEnglishisbeingacceptedasaninternationallanguage.

2.Itisthesepoisonousproductsthatcancausethesymptomsoftheflu,suchasheadacheandachingmuscles.

3.Itwasalmostteno’clockwhenoursoldierscamebackfromthefront.

4.Wasitinthisplacethatthelastkingdied?(三)注意强调句型中被强调部分带有定语从句

WasitattheairbattleonJune8,1944,whichwasledbyCaptainJohnsonthatPeterlosthislife.

一.单项选择:

1.Idon’tthinkpossibletomasteraforeignlanguagewithoutmuchmemory.

A.thisB.thatC.itsD.it

分析:本题考查it做形式宾语的句型。“我认为没有大量的记忆掌握一门外语是不可能的。”故选择D

2.Doesmatterifhecan’tfinishthejobontime?

A.thisB.thatC.heD.it

分析:本题考查it做形式主语的句型:如果他没能按时完成工作的话,这很要紧吗?故选择D

3.Tom’smotherkepttellinghimthatheshouldworkharder,butdidn’thelp.

A.heB.whichC.sheD.it

分析:本题考查it的代词用法。It指上一句的内容:Tom的母亲始终告诉他应该努力学习。故选择D

4.isafactthatEnglishisbeingacceptedasaninternationallanguage.

A.ThereB.ThisC.ThatD.It

分析:本题考查it做形式主语的句型:英语正在作为一种国际性语言被接受是一个事实。选择D

5.Itwasinthesmallhouse___wasbuiltwithstonesbyhisfather___hespenthischildhood.

A.which;thatB.that;where

C.which;whichD.that;which

分析:本题考查带有定语从句的强调句型用法。句中:“___wasbuiltwithstonesbyhisfather的定语从句。被强调的部分是inthesmallhouse___wasbuiltwithstonesbyhisfather。根据句意:他正是在他父亲用石头盖的房子里度过了他的童年。故选择A

二.单句改错:

1.Thatissaidthatthisnovelhasbeentranslatedintoseverallanguages.

分析:根据句意:据说这部小说已经被译成多种语言。表示据说,应当说:Itissaidthat…。That改为:It

2.Isthisyourturntocleantheblackboard?

分析:根据句意:该轮到你擦黑板了吧?轮到某人做某事:Itisone’sturntodo….This改为:it

3.Itisknowntoeveryone,themoontravelsaroundtheearthonceeverymonth.

分析:表示“众所周知”可以说:Itisknowntoeveryonethat+陈述句。或:Asisknowntoeveryone,+陈述句。It改为:As,或去掉“,”加连词that

4.Theofficialmadethisclearthathewoulddoeverythingpossibletosolvetheproblem.

分析:根据句意:这位官员宣布将尽一切力量解决这个问题。固定结构应当是:makeitclearthat+陈述句。It在此是形式宾语。This改为:it

5.Itwasintheparkwheretheoldcoupletoldmetheirlovestory.

分析:根据句意可以知道本句用了强调句型,强调地点:inthepark所以按照强调句型的结构where改为:that

6.Althoughwecan’tseethem,thereisairaroundus.

分析:句中的代词them根据句意应当指代后面的air,但air是不可数名词,因此them改为:it三.翻译句子:

1.直到星期三我才给办公室去电话。

分析:表达“直到……才……”可以用not…until…引导的时间状语从句;也用强调句型;或倒装句。

翻译:

(1)Ididn’ttelephonetheofficeuntilWednesday.

(2)ItwasnotuntilWednesdaythatItelephonedtheoffice.

(3)NotuntilWednesdaydidItelephonetheoffice.

2.只有当我们看不清楚的时候,我们才意识到我们眼睛的重要性。

分析:本句可以用强调句表达,也可以用倒装句:

翻译:

(1)Itisonlywhenwecannotseeperfectlythatwerealizehowimportantoureyesare.

(2)Onlywhenwecannotseeperfectlydowerealizehowimportantoureyesare.

3.Itwasinsurgerythattheresultsofthatdiscoverywereobtained,anditwastherethatthebattlebetweenthenewideaandtheoldprejudiceswasfoughtoutmostdramatically.

翻译:那些发现的成果是在外科医学中获得的,也正是在那里,新思想与旧偏见用最富有戏剧性的方式展开了战斗。

一.单项选择:

1.Nobodythinksverypolitetobealwayscuttinginwhenanotherpersonistalking.

A.thatB.thisC.itD.there

2.Iwasdisappointedwiththefilm,Ihadexpectedtobemuchbetter.

A.thisB.thatC.oneD.it

3.Hetoreupmyphotoandupsetme.

A.thisB.itC.whichD.what

4.Itwaswithgreatcouragetheboytoldthetruthhehadstolenthemoney.

A.which;thatB.when;what

C.as;thatD.that;that

5.WhenItrytofindthatpreventssomanypeoplefromtakingpartintheprogram,itseemstomethattherearetwomaincauses.

A.whatitdoesB.whatitis

C.whyitdoesD.whyitis

6.Nancyisexpectinganotherbabyandhopeswillbeaboy.

A.heB.thatC.itD.there

二.句型转换:

将下列陈述句按划线的内容变为强调句。

1.Thechildrenoftenhelptheirparentsdothefarmwork.

2.In1993,atomatowasdevelopedthatwasverydifferentfromanygrownbefore.

3.ThebiggestproblemofChinesefarmersistheshortageofarableland.

4.Futureagricultureshoulddependonhightechnologyaswellastraditionalmethods.

三.阅读理解:

AItisimportanttoknowanotherlanguageandhowtocommunicatewithoutwordswhenyouareinanothercountry.Beforesayinganything,peoplecommunicatewitheachotherbyusinggestures(手势).However,manygestureshavedifferentmeanings,ornomeaningatall,indifferentpartsoftheworld.

IntheUnitedStates,noddingyourheadupanddownmeans“yes”,whileinsomepatsofGreeceandTurkey,itmeans“no”.InthesoutheastofAsia,itisapolitewayofsaying“Iheardyou”.

TodayintheUSA,whensomeoneputshisthumbup,itmeans“Everythingisallright.”However,inGreeceitisbad.Alsoputtingyourclasped(紧握的)handsupaboveyourheadmeans“Iamthewinner.”Itisthesignwhichplayersoftenmake.InRussiaitisthesignoffriendship.

IntheUSA,holdingyourhandupwiththethumbandindexfinger(食指),andtheotherthreestraightmeans“EverythingisOK.”InFrance,itmeans“Youareworthnothing.”

Itisalsoimportanttomakeeyecommunication.IfyoulookdownwhentalkingtoanAmerican,heorshemayfeelthatyouareshy,oryouaretryingtohidesomething.

Besidesthese,youshouldalsoknowtherearesometopicsthatcannotbetalkedabout,suchasage,weightandmarriage.Youcantalkabouttheweather,work,sports,food,whereonelivesandnewsoftheday.

1.Whichofthefollowingistrue?

A.Peopleallovertheworldonlycommunicatebywords.

B.Manygestureseitherhavedifferentmeaningsornomeaningsatall.

C.Gesturesarethemostcommonwaytocommunicate.

D.Peoplecantalkaboutanythinginanothercountry.

2.InGreecenoddingyourheadmeans“_________.”

A.Yes.B.No

C.IheardyouD.Iamthewinner

3.Puttingthethumbupshouldnotbeusedin_____.

A.GreeceB.theUSAC.EnglandD.China

4.Whatdoesthissentencemean“….youractioncanspeaklouderthanyourwords”?

A.Whatyoudoisbetterthanwhatyousay.

B.Youtryyourbesttobepolite.

C.Youarebetterunderstoodbyyourgesturesthanthroughyourwords.

D.Whatyousayisbetterthanwhatyoudo.

5.Themainideaofthepassageisthatwhenyouareinanothercountry,_____.

A.itisimportanttoknowthelanguage.

B.itisimportanttoknowwhatyoutalkabouttoaforeigner.

C.toknowhowtocommunicatewithoutwordsisasimportantastoknowthelanguage.

D.tocommunicatethroughgesturesismoreimportantthantoknowthelanguage.

B

“Intheolddays,”asonewifesaid.“Thehusbandwasthehusbandandthewifewasthewife.”Inthepasthusbandseachhadtheirownwayofgoingon.Thewives’jobsweretolookafterthem.

“Thewiveswouldn’tstandforitnowadays.Husbandshelpwiththechildrennow.Theystaymore,aswellashavemoreinterest,athome.”Weshallgivesomeexamplesofwhathusbandsdo,firstlyinsharingworkwiththeirwives;andsecondly,intheirlargelyindependentdomain(领域)ofhouserepairs.

“Somehusbands,aswellasdoingmuchoftheheavyworkinthehome,carryingthecoals,andemptyingtherubbish,actasassistantstotheirwivesforatleastpartoftheday.”Mr.Hammondwashesupthedisheseverynightandlaysthebreakfastforthemorning.Mr.ClarksaidthatonSundaymorningsheusuallyhovered(吸尘)aroundandreadplaysaloudforhiswifewhileshedidabitofwashing.Mr.Davispolishesthefloorsandhelpstomakethebedsatweekend,andduringweekdays,takesthedogoutforoneofhistwice-dailywalks.Soitgoeson….

1.Theexpression“actasassistantstotheirwives”meansthat____.

A.husbandsreadplaysaloud.

B.husbandsarepaidbytheirwives.

C.husbandshelptheirwives.

D.husbandslookaftertheirsickchildren.

2.themeaningofthewife’swordsatthebeginningofthepassagewerethat____.

A.inthepastmenstayedathomeallday.

B.inthepasttherewasacleardivisionofroleinthefamily.

C.inthepastmostboysandgirlsweremarriedatanearlyage.

D.inthepastwivesandhusbandslivedseparately.

3.WhatdoesMr.Davisdoatweekends?

A.Hecleansthefloorsandmakesthebeds.

B.Hereadsplaysaloudanddoestheweeklyshopping.

C.Hecooksfoodforhiswife.

D.Hetakesthedogoutforawalk.

4.Inthepast,thewoman’smainjobwasto___.

A.takethechildrentoschool.

B.takecareoftheirhusband.

C.dothewashingup.

D.digthegarden.

5.Thepassageismainlyabout____.

A.thedivisionofhusbands,wivesandchildren.

B.howtogetonwellbetweenhusbandsandwives.

C.therelationshipbetweenhusband,wivesandchildren.

D.therelationshipbetweenhusbandandwivestoday.

一.单项选择:

1.C,it在句中做形式宾语。句型为thinkit+形容词+todosomething

2.D,it在句中作为代词指代前面说的film

3.B,it作为代词指代前面Hetoreupmyphoto这件事。

4.D,这是一个带有同位语从句的强调句,“这个男孩怀着极大的勇气说出了他偷东西的真相。hehadstolenthemoney.做thetruth的同位语从句,用that引导。

5.B,这是一个强调句的变形,强调句变成了特殊疑问句又做find的宾语从句,what是被强调的内容。根据句义:我在努力发现到底是什么阻止了这么多人参加这个项目。

6.C,Nancy很快又要有一个孩子了,她希望这是个男孩。指代baby用代词it二.句型转换:

1.Itisthechildrenthatoftenhelptheirparentsdothefarmwork.

2.ItwasIn1993thatatomatowasdevelopedthatwasverydifferentfromanygrownbefore.

3.ItistheshortageofarablelandthatthebiggestproblemofChinesefarmersis

4.Itishightechnologyaswellastraditionalmethodsthatfutureagricultureshoulddependon.

三.阅读理解:

A

答案与分析:

1.B细节判断题,根据第一段However,manygestureshavedifferentmeanings,ornomeaningatall,indifferentpartsoftheworld.可以得知:许多手势在某些地区要么有着不同的含义要么根本就没有任何意义。

2.B根据第二段内容可以得知点头在希腊某些地区的含义。

3.A根据第三段:TodayintheUSA,whensomeoneputshisthumbup,itmeans“Everythingisallright.”However,inGreeceitisbad.可以得知树大拇指在希腊的含义不同于在美国。它是“不好”的表示,不应使用。C,D两项文章没有涉及。

4.C语句理解。根据第一段内容:人们在国外与人交流要么懂得外语,要么学会使用手势交流。所以说“通过手势动作比通过语言能更好地被人理解。

5.C考查文章的主旨。第一段第一句交代了文章的主题。

B

答案与分析:

1.C,根据第三段:“Somehusbands,aswellasdoingmuchoftheheavyworkinthehome,carryingthecoals,andemptyingtherubbish,actasassistantstotheirwivesforatleastpartoftheday.”可以得知丈夫在也帮助他们的妻子。

2.B,根据第一段可以知道:在过去,在家庭中夫妻各有分工,充当各自的角色。

3.A,根据最后一段:Mr.Davispolishesthefloorsandhelpstomakethebedsatweekend,andduringweekdays,takesthedogoutforoneofhistwice-dailywalks.可以得出结论。

4.B,根据第一段:Thewives’jobsweretolookafterthem.可以知道过去妻子的任务。

5.D,考查文章的主旨:从全文内容上看,文章讲述了夫妻在家中的关系。

主谓一致知识总结归纳

(一)概述:主语与谓语的一致:在英语表达中,谓语动词的形式要和主语的人称和数保持一致。主要体现在be动词,助动词do,have以及一般现在时态中的动词形式。

谓语动词与主语保持一致的基本原则:语法一致,就近一致和意义一致。

名词或代词做主语有人称和单,复数之分,动词的单数就是第三人称单数形式,而动词的复数形式即动词的原形。

例句:

1.Iamseventeen,andheissixteen.2.Thereisadeskintheroom,buttherearenochairsinit.3.Johngetsupatsixo’clockeverymorning.4.WhatisthelatestnewsabouttheOlympicGames?5.Thefamilyaresittingatthebreakfasttable.(二)语法一致:1.由and连接的两个名词或代词做主语:(1)这部分主语表示的是两个人或两件不同的事物,谓语动词用复数形式。例句:①MybrotherandIhavebothseenthatfilm.②BothriceandwheataregrowninthispartofChina.③Thepoetandthenovelistwerebothpresentatthemeeting.④Reading,writingandarithmeticarecalledthethreeR’s.(2)这部分主语表示具有两个身份或性质的同一个人或一个完整的事物,谓语动词用单数形式。例句:①Theprofessorandwriterisspeakingatthemeeting.②Warandpeaceisaconstantthemeinhistory.③Onemoreknifeandforkisneeded.④Thestatesmanandpoetwasengagedinwarfareallhislife.⑤Lawandorderhasbeenestablished.⑥Breadandbutterisourdailyfood.⑦Fishandchipsisapopularfastfood.⑧ThestarsandstripesisthenationalflagofU.S.A.(3)这部分主语前面有each,every,manya,no等修饰时,谓语动词一般用单数形式。例句:①Eachdoctorand(each)nursewasgivenanewshirt.②Nosoundandnovoiceisheard.③Manyaboyandgirlhasmadethesamemistake.④Everyminuteandeverysecondisprecious.2.动名词,不定式,主语从句做主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。例句:①Readingisagreatpleasureinlife.②Tolivemeanstocreate.③Thatweneedmoretimeisobvious.④Whatisneededisfoodandmedicine.3.表示时间,金钱,距离,重量的复数名词表示数量做主语时,被视为一个整体,谓语动词用单数形式。例句:①Threethousandmilesisalongdistance.②Eighthoursofsleepisenough.4.不定代词anyone,anything,everyone,everything,someone,something,noone,nothing,eachtheother等做主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。例句:①Isanybodygoingtotellhimthenews?②Someonewantstoseeyou.(三)就近原则由连词or,either…or,neither…nor,notonly…butalso,连接的两个名词或代词做主语时,谓语动词和离它最近的哪个名词或代词的人称和数一致。例句:1.EitheryouorJeanistobesenttoNewZealand.2.NotonlyhisfamilybutalsohelikesChaplin’smovies.3.NeitherTomnortheBrownsenjoytheirjourneytoBeijingowingtothebadweather.4.GeorgeorTomiswanted.注意:Therebe句型中be的形式由它后面的第一个名词的数决定。例句:1.Therearen’tanylettersinthemailforyoutoday.2.Thereisalamp,twopensandthreebooksonthedesk.3.Herearesomeenvelopesandpaperforyou.名词后面带有with,alongwith,togetherwith,besides,except,but,like,including,aswellas,ratherthan短语共同做主语时,谓语动词与这些短语前面的那个名词的数一致。例句:1.Allbutonewereherejustnow.2.Alibrarywithfivethousandbooksisofferedtothatnationasagift.3.Anexpert,togetherwithsomeassistants,wassenttohelpinthiswork.4.YouaswellasIarewrong.(四)意义一致1.代词none,neither,all的不可数形式还是复数形式由它们指的内容决定例句:(1)Allhopehasgone.(2)Allareagreedonthispoint.(3)—Isthereanymilkinthefridge?—No,thereisnone.(4)Nonehasreturnedfromthemeeting.2.集合名词group,class,family,army,enemy,team等名词的单,复数形式根据它们强调的内容而定。例句:(1)Theclasswereallcheerful.(2)Theteamweretakingoversomenewplays.(3)Thegrouparereadingthenewspapers.(4)Thearmyisgoingtoremaininthistown.(5)Thearmyhaverescuedthetravelers.3.限定词短语allof…;noneof…;alotof…;以及分数/百分数+of….修饰名词构成的名词短语做主语时,谓语动词的形式由of后面的名词形式决定。例句:(1)Noneofthesesuggestionsareveryhelpful.(2)Idon’tthinkanyofuswantstoworktomorrow.(3)Two-fifthsofthestudentsintheclassarefromArabic-speakingcountries.难点突破

1.主谓一致的考查主要体现在单项选择和短文改错两个题型中。同学们在练习和应试时,遇到这样的题时,要牢记主谓一致的三个基本原则。一定要根据句子内容抓住关键的主语部分。同时还要考虑句子的时态和语态。2.oneof+复数名词做定语从句的先行词时,定语从句中的谓语动词与复数名词一致。theonlyoneof+复数名词做定语从句的先行词时,定语从句中的谓语动词用单数形式。例句:Jimwasoneoftheboyswhowerelateforclass.Jimwastheonlyoneoftheboyswhowaslateforclass.

[例1]E-mail,aswellastelephones,_____animportantpartindailycommunication.A.isplayingB.haveplayedC.areplayingD.play分析:带有aswellas短语的名词做主语时,谓语动词与这个名词的人称和数一致,不受aswellas短语内容的影响。E-mail是单数形式,故选择A。[例2]EitherJohnorhisfriends_____toblameforthebadresults.A.areB.isC.wasD.hasbeen分析:either…or..连接两个名词做主语时,其谓语动词与离它最近的名词的数和人称一致,本题中hisfriends决定了谓语动词的形式,故选择A。[例3]Theconductorandcomposer_____byacrowdofpeople.A.aregreetedB.isgreetedC.greetsD.havebeengreeted分析:根据句意,主语部分的Theconductorandcomposer是指一个人即:乐队指挥兼作曲家,所以主语的内容是单数形式,故选择B。[例4]—Thetrousers_____youwell,madam.—Butthecolour_____me.A.fit;don’tsuitB.fits;doesn’tsuitC.fits;don’tsuitD.fit;doesn’tsuit分析:trousers,clothes,glasses,等名词本身就是复数形式。谓语动词用复数形式。Colour是单数,谓语用单数,故选择D。[例5]TheSmith’sfamily,which_____ratheralargeone,_____veryfondoftheiroldhouse.A.were;wereB.was;wereC.were;wasD.was;was分析:family指“家庭”为单数,指“家庭成员”为复数形式。第一空格前的which指“家庭”谓语用was.第二空格后的fondof指“家庭成员喜欢他们的老房子”谓语为were,故选择B。[例6]Heistheonlyoneofthestudentswho_____awinnerofscholarshipforthreeyears.A.isB.areC.havebeenD.hasbeen分析:当定语从句先行词是“oneof+复数形式”时,其后的从句谓语动词用复数形式。而当one之前有theonly时,定语从句则强调theonlyone,谓语动词用单数。另外,题目中的时间状语forthreeyears表明从句的时态为现在完成时,故选择D。[例7]Threefifthsofthepolice_____intheschoolnearthetown.A.hastrainedB.havetrainedC.hasbeentrainedD.havebeentrained分析:分数+名词做主语时,谓语动词的形式由分数所指的名词的形式(可数名词或不可数名词)决定,police是集合名词为复数形式,根据句子意思,police与train为被动关系,应用被动语态,故选择D。短文改错片段:1.Nowmypictureandtheprizeishanginginthelibrary.分析:本句中主语Nowmypictureandtheprize是复数形式,谓语动词is应改为are.2.Sometimes,wetalkedtoeachotherverywellinclass,butafterclasswebecomestrangeratonce.分析:本句第一行,根据全篇内容的语境,应当是一般现在时,所以谓语动词talked改为talk.第二行:根据句意:我们下课后立刻又成了陌生人。Stranger应当与主语we一致,改为复数形式,strangers.3.Butnotallinformationaregoodtosociety.分析:主语information是不可数名词,are应改为is

1.—Isthereanybodyintheclassroom?—No,theteacher,togetherwiththestudents_____totheplayground.A.goB.wentC.hasgoneD.havegone2.—Aretheseyoursheep?—No.Mine_____ongrassatthefootofthehill.A.arefeedingB.feedC.isfedD.isfeeding3.Sittingatthebackoftheroombutinfrontofsomeoldmenandwomen_____averyshygirlwithtwobrighteyes.A.wasB.areC.wereD.therewas4.Mr.Bush,togetherwithhiswifeanddaughter_____goingtoJapannextweek.A.areB.isC.willbeD.wouldbe5.Nottheteacherbutthestudents_____excited.A.isB.hasC.areD.have6.AsIhaveameetingatfour,tenminutes_____allthatIcansparetotalkwithyou.A.areB.wasC.isD.were7._____ofthelandinthatdistrict_____coveredwithtreesandgrass.A.Twofifth;isB.Twofifths;areC.Twofifth;areD.Twofifths;is

1.C

分析:本题考查的主谓一致的内容与上一题相同,从句子的语境判断,应当用现在完成时。2.A

分析:mine指mysheep为复数形式。是主动语态。3.A分析:本句为倒装句。主语是averyshygirlwithtwobrighteyes.核心主语是averyshygirl,为单数,全句为过去时。4.B分析:全句的核心主语是Mr.Bush,为单数,全句为将来时。5.C分析:运用就近原则,谓语动词和主语thestudents一致,此处为主系表结构,用be动词。6.C

分析:主语tenminutes表示时间,被视为一个整体,为单数形式。全句是现在时。7.D

分析:本句核心主语是land,为单数形式,同时注意分数的表达形式。

高考二轮复习英语学案专题十定语从句


俗话说,居安思危,思则有备,有备无患。作为高中教师就要精心准备好合适的教案。教案可以让学生更好地进入课堂环境中来,帮助高中教师掌握上课时的教学节奏。那么一篇好的高中教案要怎么才能写好呢?小编收集并整理了“高考二轮复习英语学案专题十定语从句”,希望能为您提供更多的参考。

2010高考二轮复习英语学案
专题十定语从句

1.(09天津)Aperson______e-mailaccountisfullwon’tbeabletosendorreceiveanye-mails.
A.whoB.whomC.whoseD.whoever
C考查定语从句的用法。分析先行词和定语从句的关系发现先行词在定语从句中作定语,故选C符合。
2.(09天津)ItraveltotheBinhaiNewAreabylightrailwayeveryday,_____domanybusinessmenwholiveindowntownTianjin.
A.asB.whichC.whenD.though
A考查as连接的倒装句式。按照句意此处as有正如,正像的意思,故as符合。
3.(09陕西)GuncontrolisasubjectAmericanshavearguedforalongtime.
A.ofwhichB.withwhichC.aboutwhichD.intowhich
C考查定语从句,先行词是Guncontrol,指物,关系词在从句中做介词的宾语,介词前置,介词与从句动词构成搭配argueaboutsth,选C。
4.(09四川)She’llneverforgetherstaythere________shefoundhersonwhohadgonemissingtwoyearsbefore.
A.thatB.whichC.whereD.when
D考查定语从句的用法。herstay为先行词,可以理解为抽象的一段时间(她呆在那里期间),when指代herstay在定语从句中做时间状语。
5.(09浙江)Ihavereachedapointinmylife______Iamsupposedtomakedecisionsofmyown.
A.whichB.whereC.howD.why
B考查定语从句关系副词的选择。分析句式inmylife为插入成分;point为先行词,在定语从句中先行词做地点状语,意思为“我应该做出我自己决定的地方(某一点)”
6.(09北京)—Whatdoyouthinkofteacher,Bob?
—Ifinditfunandchallenging.Itisajob___youaredoingsomethingseriousbutinteresting.
A.whereB.whichC.whenD.that
A考查定语从句用法。分析定语从句主谓宾完整,说明应该填关系副词,先行词为ajob,定语从句的意思是在这个工作中……,所以答案用where引导的定语从句。
7.(09福建)It’shelpfultoputchildreninasituationtheycanseethemselvesdifferently.
A.thatB.whenC.whichD.where
D考查定语从句。先行词是situation,指物,亦可指地点,关系词在从句中做地点状语,用关系副词where,选D。
8.(09安徽)AgoodfriendofminefromIwasbornshowedupatmyhomerightbeforeIleftforBeijing.
A.howB.whomC.whenD.which
C考查定语从句用法。本题对学生来说较难,不容易看的懂.本句意为“就在我准备去北京前,我儿时的一位好朋友到我家里来了.”
9.(09安徽)Manychildren,parentsareawayworkinginbigcities,aretakengoodcareofinthevillage.
A.theirB.whoseC.ofthemD.withwhom
B本题考察定语从句的用法,属于较容易题.明显表达为”他们的父母”
10.(09湖南)IwasborninNewOrleans,Louisiana,acitynamewillcreateapictureofbeautifultreesandgreengrassinourmind.
A.whichB.ofwhichC.thatD.whose
D考查定语从句。先行词在定语从句中充当定语,意思为这个城市的名字。
11.(09全国2)Myfriendshowedmeroundthetown,wasverykindofhim.
A.whichB.thatC.whereD.it
A考查非限制性定语从句(这儿的which指代前面整句话内容。
12.(09江西)6.ThehouseIgrewup________hasbeentakendownandreplacedbyanofficebuilding.
A.initB.inC.inthatD.inwhich
B考查定语从句。Thehouse(which/thatIgrewupin),主语后面紧跟的是定语从句。
13.(09海南)7.Shebroughtwithherthreefriends,noneofIhadevermetbefore.
A.themB.whoC.whomD.these
C。考查定语从句中的非限制性定语从句。句意为:她带着她的三个朋友,他们三个中没有一个人我曾见过。表示“部分的词语+of+关系代词”在非限制性定语从句指人只能用whom。
14.(09山东)8.WheneverImether,_________wasfairlyoften,shegreetedmewithasweetsmile.
A.whoB.whichC.whenD.that
B非限制性定语从句,指代前面一个句子,故用which.
总体做题采用还原法:即把先行词还原到定语从句里边,看一下做什么成分、、指人、物;做主语、宾语还是状语等即可突破,具体说:
1.根据句子结构划出定语从句(划完后必须是两个独立的句子)。
2.根据先行词的特点、功能进一步选择。
⑴如果先行词在定语从句中主、宾语,则选关系代词。
⑵如果先行词在定语从句中做状语,则用关系副词。
3.根据先行词的具体用法进一步选择。
1.TheEnglishplay__________mystudentsactedattheNewYear’spartywasagreatsuccess.
A.forwhichB.atwhichC.inwhichD.onwhich
2.Helenwasmuchkindertoheryoungestsonthantotheothers,__________,ofcourse,madetheothersenvyhim.
A.whoB.thatC.whatD.which
3.Ifashophaschairs__________womencanparktheirmen,womenwillspendmoretimeintheshop.
A.thatB.whichC.whenD.where
4.Women_______drinkmorethantwocupsofcoffeeadayhaveagreaterchanceofhavingheartdiseasethanthose________don’t.
A.who;不填B.不填;whoC.who;whoD.不填;不填
5.TheBeatles,________manyofyouareoldenoughtoremember,camefromLiverpool.
A.whatB.thatC.howD.as
6.Somepre-schoolchildrengotoadaycarecenter,____theylearnsimplegamesandsongs.
A.thenB.thereC.whileD.where
7.Thebookwaswrittenin1946,____theeducationsystemhaswitnessedgreatcharges.
A.whenB.duringwhichC.sincethenD.sincewhen
8.TheScienceMuseum,________wevisitedduringarecenttriptoBritain,isoneofLondon’stouristattractions.
A.whichB.whatC.thatD.where
9.Yesterdayshesoldhercar,______sheboughtamonthago.
A.whenB.whereC.thatD.which
10.Bynineo’clock,alltheOlympictorchbearershadreachedthetopofMountQomolangma,_______appearedararerainbowsoon.
A.ofwhichB.onwhichC.fromwhichD.abovewhich
参考答案和详解:
1.C根据句子意思需选择介词in,从而构成actintheplay。关系代词在此是指Englishplay,指物,因此选择inwhich。注意:如果定语从句谓语动词为介词动词也就是由动词+介词构成的短语,那么介词必须后置,不能与动词拆开置于关系代词前面。
2.D这是一句非限制性定语从句,关系代词指代整个句子Helenwasmuchkindertoheryoungestsonthantotheothers,且从句中行为动词made是主动语态,因此选择which。
3.D此题答案是。这里的关系副词指代onchairs,指地点,因此选择where。不要误以为chair在句中是做主语或者宾语,在做此类题时一定要结合定语从句要表达的意思,做到“瞻前顾后”。
4.C审明句意:每天和多于两杯咖啡的女性比那些没有改习惯的女性得心脏病的可能性要大得多。在本题中的who都是引导定语从句,指代人,在定语从句中做主语,所以都不能省略。
5.D本题考查在实际语境中对于非限制性定语从句的应用能力。as引导定语从句,在从句中做remember的宾语,指代的是theBeatles“披头士乐队”。what引导名词性从句,在句中做主语宾语或表语,that引导限制性定语从句,how引导名词性从句。
6.D本题中用where引导定语从句,先行词是adaycarecenter,where在定语从句中做地点状语。注意then和there是副词,不能引导定语从句。While虽然是连词,但是只能用来连接状语从句。
7.D在本题中用sincewhen引导定语从句。因为句中的谓语haswitnessed是现在完成时,所以要用sincewhen。when指代上文中的in1946,表示“这本书是1946年写的,从那以后,教育体制发生了巨大变化”。
8.A本题考查的重点是非限制性定语从句。非限制性定语从句的先行词指物时,应用which而不用that,theScienceMuseum虽然是一个地点名词,但是在本句中的定语从句里做的是宾语而不是地点状语所以不能用where,尤其注意visit是一个及物动词。
9.D本题考查的是非限制性定语从句。题中空格前面主句中的先行词是car,空格后面定语从句的谓语动词bought后面缺一个宾语,只能选用关系代词。A项when和B项where都是关系副词,可以予以排除,C项that不能用于非限制性定语从句中。故选D。
10.D考查非限制性定语从句的介词+which的用法,原句可还原成…ararerainbowappearedabove…。根据选项我们已经知道了考查的大方向,就是需要我们找到合适的介词搭配。
根据考纲要求,考生在复习备考时要弄清定语从句的先行词与关系词的关系;关系代词、关系副词的选择和运用;限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的用法以及强调句式和同位语从句和定语从句的区别。把握命题规律,一般定语从句的命题热点内容如下:
1.that与which的选用;that与where/when的选用;
2.“介词+which/whom”结构中介词的选用;
3.“介词+which”与when/where间的区别与联系;
4.which与as引导非限制性定语从句的区别;
5.“不定代词/数词+ofwhich/whom”与“不定代词/数词+ofthem”的选用;
6.定语从句中的主谓一致现象。1定语从句可以说是各地高考必然首先考虑的重要考点,在题目设计的过程中,势必会以“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句为热点,以非限制性定语从句为重点,以关系副词where引导的定语从句为难点。
7.在疑问句中或倒装句中考查定语从句
8.通过拆分词组和固定搭配或者添加插入语或状语来考查定语从句
做到了以上几点就能轻松拿到定语从句的分数。
1.Thetown_______wevisitedlastmonthistheone_______thefamouspainterwasborn.
A.where;whichB.which;whereC.which;thatD.where;where
2.WewenttoMountainTailastweekend,________,notsurprisingly,wascrowdedwithvisitors.
A.thatB.whichC.whereD.when
3.Wehopethatthemeasurestocontrolthestockmarket,____aretakenbythegovernment,willwork.
A.thatB.whereC.whichD.what
4.Manyfactorsinfluenceastudentinhis/herstudy,____Ithinkareoutofateacher’scontrol.
A.mostofthemB.mostofwhichC.mostofwhatD.mostofthat
5.—Obamawontheelection.It’samazing!
—Yes.Buttheresultwaswithin______wehadexpected,______broughtgreatjoytomanyyoungpeopleandtheblack.
A.that;whichB.that;thatC.what;whatD.what;which
6.He’sgothimselfintoadangeroussituation_________heislikelytolosecontrolovertheplane.
A.whereB.whichC.whileD.why
7.Itwasinthefactory_______hisfriendworked_______hepickedupalotofexperience.
A.where,whereB.that,whereC.that,thatD.where,that
8.Todaythepublicismuchconcernedabouttheway_______.
A.natureisbeingruinedB.whichnatureisruined
C.onwhichtoruinnatureD.ofnaturetoberuined
9.Youngpeoplewhohavegotjobsmayrealizeuniversitylessonscan’tbetheonlypreparationforallofthesituations________appearintheworkingworld.
A.whereB.whenC.thatD.what
10.Isittheyears_______youworkedinAfricaasadoctor_______haveagreateffectonyourliteraryworks?
A.that;whereB.that;thatC.when;whereD.when;that
11.Wasitinthewaitingroom______onlyallowsmothers-to-betoenterthatyoulostyourwallet?
A./B.whereC.thatD.when
12Obama,_______lifewasoncehardwhenhewasyoung,wereelectedPresidentofAmerican.
A.forwhomB.whoC.towhomD./
13_______hasbeenannounced,ourgovernmentwilltakemoremeasurestomakethefallingeconomicsrecoverassoonaspossible.
AThatBAsCItDWhat
14.LeeYuchunwastitledasthetopthinbeautyinAnsia,_______causedalotofdisagreementsinthefieldofentertainment.
A.thatB.whichCasDit
15ThereweresomanyattractionsinDisneyPark.Afterlunchwecametoaplace,_______stoodabigtower.
A.whichB.thatC./D.where
16.Apoliticaladvisorsuggestedgivingoutredpocketstothewholenationdirectlytoencourageeconomics,_____Ibelieveisofgreatvalue.
AthatB./C.whichD.why
17Isthisthewebsite_______youwanttohave____intoyourfilestohelpyoulearnEnglish?
A.who;toaddB.that;addC.whom;addingD.that;added
18.Wehaveheardofmanycases_______somecitizens,especiallysomefamouspeople,havesufferedbecausepersonalinformationhadbeenleaked.
A.whyB.whichC.asD.where
19.Tonyshowedmehisnewcellphone,_______wassmallbutitcouldchangecolorsindifferentweather.
A.thescreenofwhomB.whomthescreenofC.whichthescreenofD.thescreenofwhich
20.Iwillneverforgettheday_______Icametomyuniversityandtheday______Ispentinanewcity.
A.when;whichB.which;whenC.what;thatD.onwhich;when
参考答案和解析:
1.B注意在第一个空后面的定语从句里的visit是一个及物动词,所以thetown在定语从句里做的是visit的宾语,所以第一个空我们可以用that,which或者省略。第二个空的先行词theone指代的还是thetown,但是此时thetown在定语从句里做的是地点状语,所以要用where来引导定语从句。
2.B这里从总的方面来看考查的非限制性定语从句,我们找到定语从句的先行词,根据空格后面的wascrowdedwithvisitors我们可以判断这个定语从句的先行词应该是在山上人有很多而不是指时间,所以不能用when。
3.C本题考查的非限制性定语从句,句子的主干表达的意思是我们希望控制证券市场的措施会生效。那么…aretakenbythegovernment就是个定语从句来解释stockmarket,证券市场在非限制性定语从句中做的是主语,所以不能用where来引导从句。
4.B这个句子尤其要注意区分A和B选项的不同,只要我们注意了标点符号就知道这并不是个并列句,所以不能选A。因为是逗号,说明后面是个非限制性定语从句,这里考查的是介词+which的用法,原句可还原成…mostofthefactors…。
5.D第一个空考查的是what引导的名词性从句在句子里做的是within这个介词的宾语,第二个空是由which引导的非限制性定语从句,这里的which指代的是奥巴马当选总统这件事。
6.A句意“他使得自己处于非常危险的境况中,(在这个境况中)他可能失去对飞机的控制”,所选择的关联词应该在定语从句中作地点状语,表示inthesituation。注意:where这个词不仅仅可以表地点,某人/物的情况、某事发展的阶段、某事的某个方面都可以用where这个关系副词来表达。
7.D本题是把定语从句放到了强调结构里来考查,第一个空是由where引导的定语从句解释说明thefactory,在定语从句里做的是地点状语。第二个空是itwas….that…强调结构。
8.A这里考查定语从句里的特殊情况就是当先行词是theway的时候,关系代词可以是that,inwhich或者省略。A选项就是符合第三种情况。
9.C注意在本句里的situation是先行词,在空格后的定语从句里缺少的是主语,而且指的是物,所以该空我们可以用which或者that,但是不管用什么都不能省略。
10.D该题既做到了把定语从句放到疑问句中,又做到了把定语从句放到强调结构里进行考查。第一个空是个定语从句,先行词是theyear,when在定语从句里是时间状语;第二个空是itis…that…强调结构。
11.C在考查定语从句的时候利用疑问句的特殊结构来干扰学生的正确选择比较常见。遇到这类定语从句时,最好的办法是先把疑问句还原成陈述句,然后判断谁是先行词,再看关系词在定语从句中所充当的成分,最后确定正确答案。在这个定语从句中的先行词是room,that在定语从句里做主语。
12.A这是一个非限制性定语从句,还考查到了“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句。根据句子意思需选择介词for,从而构成behardforObama.for的宾语是指人,这时就只能用whom。
13.B这是一句非限制性定语从句,关系代词指代整个句子weshallhaveourfinalexamsnextmonth,且位于句首,因此选择as。在定语从句中都可以作主语和宾语。但注意as引导的定语从句可置于句首,而which不可。
14.B在引导非限制性定语从句时,as和which都可以用来指代前面整句所表达的内容。As在从句中作主语时,后面常接动词的被动语态;如果从句中的行为动词是主动语态,一般用which做主语,所以正确选项应为B。
15.D在本句中为了保持句子平衡,句子用了倒装语序。倒装的使用使定语从句的结构变得较为特殊,对于这种情况,应先把倒装语序还原成正常语序,这样句子结构就比较清晰了。这里是非限制性定语从句解释前面的theplace.
16.C在考查定语从句时会利用插入语或状语的添加来增加试题的难度。常见的插入语有:Ithink(suppose,expect,believe,imagine),inmyopinion,totellyouthetruth等。做这类题目时我们可以先删去插入语或状语,找出句子的主干。在该句中先行词是discovery,which是在引导非限制性定语从句,在句子里做主语。
17.D非谓语动词是英语中难度较大的语法项目之一,因而在定语从句中加入非谓语动词会增加考查定语从句的难度。对这类题目最有效的办法就是将句子还原。本句还原后应是:YouwanttohavethewebsiteaddedintoyourfilestohelpyoulearnEnglish.先行词是thewebsite,因为在定语从句里做宾语,所以可以用that,which或者省略,但是第二个空只能用added,因为还考查到了havesomethingdone,这里是网站被添加到收藏夹。
18.D定语从句的先行词cases在此意为“实例,情况”,根据从句的意思“在这些例子中(情境中)……”,先行词在从句中应该担当状语成分,表示inmanycases,所以用where来引导表示地点的定语从句。
19.D从四个选项的设置不难看出是考察介词加关系代词引导的非限制性定语从句。再从先行词watch可看出是指物,可排除A和B。C项中关系代词应放在介词之后,如改为ofwhichthescreen或者whosescreen也是可以的。
20.A在本句中两个先行词theday都是表示时间的名词,但第一个空白处要填的关系词在从句中作状语,因此要用关系副词when.第二个空白处要填的关系词在从句中作动词spent的宾语,因此要用关系代词which或that来引导定语从句。

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