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初中英语(新课标版)中考总复习冲刺材料7

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初中英语(新课标版)中考总复习冲刺材料

 根据短文内容,选择正确答案

 1.Holthanwas___.

 A.asmallvillage

 B.asmalltown

 C.abigcountry

 D.abigtown

 2.Martinleftthetown___.

 A.whenhewasforty

 B.fouryearsago

 C.whenhewasthirty

 D.fortyyearsago

 3.NowMartinseesthingsthrough___eyes.

 A.amans

 B.aboy

 C.achilds

 D.astrangers

 4.Martin___duringhisfivehoursstayinthetown.

 A.sawnobody

 B.sawalotofthings

 C.metnofriends

 D.didntwanttoseehisfriends

 5.Whichofthefollowingistrue?

 A.Martinstayedinthetownortwohours.

 B.Martinwasnotastrangerinthetown.

 C.Thetownhaschangedalot.

 D.Amansthoughtsandachildsthoughtsaredifferent.

Passage2

Manyplacesintheworldneedmorefresh(淡的)water.Everycountryistryingtofindwaystoturnsaltwaterintofresh.WhyarenttheremanyfactorresliketheSymifactory?Insomeplaces,thesunisnothotenough.Oritdoesnotshineeveryday.Insuchplaces,otherwaysofheating(加热)﹕seawatercanbeused.Thesewayscostmoremoney,buttehyworkfasterthenthesun.Byboiling(煮沸);seawaterwithhighheat,alotoffreshwatercanbemadequickly.Butheatingisnottheonlywaytogetfreshwaterfromsaltwater.otherwaysaretried.Onewayisfreezing(冷冻).Thefreshpartofsaltwaterfreezesfirst.Togetfreshwater,thebitsoficearetakenout.Whichwayisbest?Theonethatgivesthenostwaterfortheleastmoney.Itmaybeadifferentwayforeachplace.Symiswayseemsverygoodforsmall,hotplaces.Itdoesnotmakeverymuchwateratatime.Butthefactoryiseasytobuildandcostslittle.ThatiswhypeopleinmanydryplacestalkaboutSymi!

 1.Fromthispassage(短文)weknowthatfreshwater_______.

 A.isneededineverycountry

 B.canbefoundinmanyfactories

 C.canbeusedinmanyways

 D.isveryimportantforfactories

 2.Whatisthewritermainly(主要的)talkingaboutinthepassage?

 A.Water-makingfactoriesindifferentcountries

 B.Thewaysofmakingfreshwaterfromseawater

 C.Hotplacesanddryplaces

 D.Howtomakegooduseofthesun

 3.TheSymifactory_______.

 A.seemsgoodbuttoosmall

 B.isafreshwater-makingfactory

 C.canmakemuchfreshwateratatime

 D.doesnotneedsunshineeveryday

 4.Whichisthebestwayforsmallandhotplacestogetfreshwater?

 A.Boilingorheatingtheseawater

 B.Thewayinhotteranddrierplaces

 C.TheSymisway

 D.Freezingtheseawaterincoldplaces.

 5.Whichofthefollowingisnottrue?

 A.Newwaysaretriedtogetfreshwater.

 B.Alotoffreshwatercanbemadequicklybyheating.

 C.Thebestwayistogetmorefreshwaterwiththeleastmoney.

 D.TheSymiswaydoesnotworkindryplaces.

仅以此资料送给辛欣耕耘的初三学子们,祝你们在中考中获得成功!

初中英语词组总结

1(see、hear、notice、find、feel、listento、lookat(感官动词)+doeg:Ilikewatchingmonkeysjump

2(比较级and比较级)表示越来越怎么样

3apieceofcake=easy小菜一碟(容易)4agreewithsb赞成某人

5allkindsof各种各样akindof一样6allovertheworld=thewholeworld整个世界

7alongwith同……一道,伴随……eg:Iwillgoalongwithyou我将和你一起去

thestudentsplantedtreesalongwiththeirteachers学生同老师们一起种树

8Assoonas一怎么样就怎么样9asyoucansee你是知道的

10askfor……求助向…要…(直接接想要的东西)eg:askyouformybook

11asksbforsth向某人什么

12asksbtodosth询问某人某事asksbnottodo叫某人不要做某事

13attheageof在……岁时eg:IamsixteenIamattheageofsixteen

14atthebeginningof…………的起初;……的开始

15attheendof+地点/+时间最后;尽头;末尾eg:Attheendoftheday

16atthistimeofyear在每年的这个时候

17be/feelconfidentofsth/thatclause+从句感觉/对什么有信心,自信

eg:Iam/feelconfidentofmyspokenEnglishIfeelthatIcanpassthetest

18be+doing表:1现在进行时2将来时

19beableto(+v原)=can(+v原)能够……eg:SheisabletosingShecansing

20beabletodosth能够干什么eg:sheisabletosing

21beafraidtodo(ofsth恐惧,害怕……eg:ImafraedtogooutatnightImafraidofdog

22beallowedtodo被允许做什么

eg:ImallowedtowatchTV我被允许看电视IshouldbeallowedtowatchTV我应该被允许看电视

23beangrywithsb生某人的气eg:Dontbeangrywithme

24beangrywith(at)sbfordoingsth为什么而生某人的气

25beas…原级…as和什么一样eg:Sheisastallasme她和我一样高

26beashamedto27beawayfrom远离28beawayfrom从……离开

29bebadfor对什么有害eg:Readingbooksinthesunisbadforyoureyes在太阳下看书对你的眼睛不好

30beborn出生于31bebusydoingsth忙于做什么事bebusywithsth忙于……

32becareful当心;小心33bedifferentfrom……和什么不一样

34befamousfor以……著名35befriendlytosb对某人友好

36befrom=comefrom来自eg:HeisfromBejingHecomesfromBejingIshefromBejing?DoeshecomefromBejing?

37befullof装满……的befilledwith充满eg:theglassisfullofwatertheglassisfilledwithwater

38beglad+to+do/从句39begoingto+v(原)将来时

40begoodat(+doing)=dowellin在某方面善长,善于……

41begoodfor对什么有好处eg:ReadingaloudisgoodforyourEnglish

42behappytodo很高兴做某事

43behelpfultosb对某人有好处

eg:Readingaloudishelpfultoyou大声朗读对你有好处

Exercisingishelpfultoyourbady锻炼对你的身体有好处

44beingoodhealth身体健康

45beintrouble处于困难中eg:SheisintroubleTheyareintronble

46beinterestedin对某方面感兴趣

47belatefor=comelateto迟到eg:Belateforclass上课迟到

48belike像……eg:Imlikemymother

49bemadat生某人的气

50bemadefrom由……制成(制成以后看不见原材料)

51bemadeof由……制成(制成以后还看得见原材料)52benotsure表不确定

53beonavisitto参观54bepopularwithsb受某人欢迎

55bequiet安静56beshortfor表**的缩写eg:陶isshortfor陶俊杰

57besickinbed生病在床58besorrytodosthbesorryforsbeg:Iamsorryforyou

59besorrytohearthat60besorrytotroublesbeg:Iamsorrytotroubleyou

61bestrictindoingsth严于做某事eg:Hesstrictinobeyingnoles

62bestrictwithsb对某人要求严格eg:Somestudentsarenotstrictwiththemselves这些学生对自己不严格

63bestrictwithsbinsth某方面对某人严格64besupposedtodo被要求干什么

65besure表确定66besureofdoingsth对做某事有信心eg:HeissureofwinningIamsureoflearningEnglishwell

67besureofsth对做某事有信心eg:Imsureofmyhead(myteacher我相信我的大脑(老师)

68besurethatsth对做某事有信心eg:Imsuerthathecanpassthetest我相信他能通过考试

69besuretodosth一定会做某事eg:Wearesuretopassthetest我们一定会通过这次考试WearesuretolearnEnglishwell我们一定能学好英语

70beterrifiedof+名/动doing害怕……71beterrifiedtodosth害怕做某事

72bethesameas…和什么一样73beusedtodoingsth习惯做某事

eg:Myfatherisusedtogettingupearly我爸爸习惯早Heisusedtosleepinginclass他习惯上课睡觉

74beworthdoing值得做什么75be(feel)afraidtodosth害怕做某事beafraidofsth害怕某物beafraidthat丛句

76because+句子becauseof+短语

eg:HewaslatebecausehehadaheadacheHewaslatebecauseofhisheadache

77begintodo=starttodo开始做某事start…with…=begin…with…以什么开始什么

eg:LetsbeginthegamewiththesongIbegintogohome

78between…and…两者之间

79borrowsthfromsb向……借……lendsthtosb(lendsbsth借给……什么东西

eg:Iborrowedapenfromhimhelentapentome(helentmeapen

80both=thesame(as)=notdifferent(from)表相同

81bother打扰bothersbtodosth

eg:Imsorrytobotheryou,butcanyoutellmetowaytothestation

我十分道歉打扰你,但是你能告诉我怎么去车站

theproblemhasbeenbotheringmeforweeks这个问题困扰了我几个周了

Hesbotheringmetolendhimmoney

82bytheendof到……为止83callsbstheg:Wecallhimoldwang

84care关心eg:Dontyoucareaboutthiscountrysfuture?你为什么不关心国家的未来

85catchupwithsb赶上某人86chatwithsb和某人闲谈takesbto+地点带某人去某地

87comein进88comeoverto过来

89comeupwith提出eg:Canyoucomeupwithagoodidea你能想出一个好办法吗?

90communicatewithsb和某人交流

91consider+doing考虑做什么eg:Whynotconsidergoingtoluzhou为什么不考虑去泸州?

92danceto随着……跳舞eg:Shelikesdancingtothemusic她喜欢随着音乐跳舞

93decidetodosth决定做某事94doasurveyof做某方面的调查95dobetterin在……方面做得更好

96dowrong做错97Dontforgettodosth不要忘了做某事98Dontmind+doing/从句/名词不要介意……

99each+名(单)每一个…eg:Eachstudenthasmanybooks每一个学生都有一些书100endup+doing101enjoy+doing喜欢102escapefrom从……逃跑eg:Theprisonershaveescapedfromtheprison犯人从监狱里逃跑出来103expecttodosth期待做某事104falldown摔下来falloff从哪摔下来105fallinlovewithsb/sth爱上什么

106farfrom离某地远eg:Theschoolisfarfrommyhome107find+it+adj+todo发现做某事怎么样

108findsb/sth+adj发现什么怎么样eg:Ifindthebookinteresting109finish完成+doing(名词)

110fittosb=befitforsb适合某人111forgettodo没有做而忘了forgetdoing做了而又忘了eg:DontforgettogohomeIforgetclosingdoor112from…to…从某某到某某eg:Frommeforher

113get/havesthdown做完,被(别人)做…eg:Ihavemyhaircut我理了发(头发被剪了)

Tomgothisbadtoothpulledout汤母把他的坏牙拔掉了(被牙医拔掉了)

114getapart-timejob=findapart-timejob115getalongwellwithsb=getonwellwithsb与某人相处得好

116getalongwithsb=getonwithsb与某人相处117getreadyfor=bereadyfor为什么而准备eg:IgetreadyformathIamreadyformath118getsbintotrouble给某人麻119getsbtodosth

120get…from…从某处得到某物121giveatalk做报告eg:Heisgiveatall

122givesthtosbgivesbsth给某人某物123gofish钓鱼goswimming游泳

124goontodo去做下一件事goondoing继续做这件事125gooutawayfromgooutof

126gotoschool上学(用于专业的)gototheschool去学校(不一定是上学)127goodwayto好方法

128hatetodo讨厌没做过的事hatedoing讨厌做过的事

129haveapartyforsb举办谁的晚会130haveatalk听报告谈一谈

131havebeendoing现在完成进行时eg:YouhavebeentalkingYouhavebeensleepingsince

132havebeento…(地方)……去过某过地方havegoneto…(地方)去了某地还没回来

133havefun+doing玩得高兴134havesthtodo有什么事要做

eg:Ihavealotofhomeworktodo我有很多家庭作业要做Ihavenothingtodo我没什么事情做

135havetodosth必须做某事

136havetrouble(problem)(in)doingsth做什么事情有麻烦

137have…time+doing

138have…(时间)…off放……假eg:Ihavemonthoff我请一个月得假

139hearsb+do/doing听见某人做某事/正在做某事

140helpalot很大用处

141helpsbwithsthonessth帮助某人某事(某方面)helpsb(to)dosth帮助某人做某事

142hopetodosth希望做某事

143Howabout(+doing)=Whatabout(+doing)

144howdoyoulike=whatdoyouthinkof你对什么的看法

145if:是否=wether

eg:Idontknowif(wether)Ishouldgototheparty我不知道我是否应该去参加晚会

Hedontknowif(wether)wewillarriveontimetomorrowmorning他不知道我们明天早上是否能准时到达

146if:如果,假如(全部接一般时态)+条件语态从句

eg:IllgotoLuZhouifitdoestrain假如明天不下雨,我就去泸州

Iftheychangetheplantheywillletmeknow假如他们要改变计划,他们会让我知道的

IllgotoEngland,ifIhaveenoughmoneynextyear如果我明年由足够的钱,我就要去英国

147inonesopinion=sbthink某人认为

148insomeways在某些方面

149intheend=finally(adv)最后

150inthenorthof…什么在什么的北方(north北sowth南west西east东)

151inthesun在太阳下

152increase增加

eg:Theyveincreasedthepreceofpetrolby3%他们把石油价增加了3%

thepopulationhasincreasedfrom12milliontenyearsagoto18millionnow

153insteadof+(名)代替

eg:Idlikeanappleinsteadofapear我想要苹果,而不要梨子

IlikeEnglishinsteadofmath我喜欢英语而不喜欢数学

154introducesbtosb介绍某人给某人introduceoneself自我介绍

155invitesbtodosth邀请某人做某事

156Ittakessbsometimetodosth做某人花掉某人多少时间

eg:Ittookme5minutestodomyhomeworkIttakesmehalfanhourtocook

157Its+adj+forsbtodosth对某人来说做某事怎么样

158Its+adj+todo做某事怎么样

159Its+adjforsb对于某人来说怎么样Its+adjofsb对某人来说太怎么样

160Its+adj(forsb)todo(对某人来说)做某事怎么样Its+adjofsbtodosth对某人来说做某事太怎么样

eg:ItsniceofyoutohelpmewithmyEnglish

161Itsagoodideaforsbtodosth对……来说是个好主意

162Itsimportanttosb对某人来说很重要eg:Itsimportanttome

163ItstimetodosthItstimeforsth到了该去做某事的时间

eg:ItstimetohaveclassItstimeforclass该去上课了

164join=takepartin参加

165justnow刚才

166keep+sb/sth+adj/介词短语让什么保持什么样?

167keepout不让……进入

168keepsbadj让……保持……eg:Iwanttokeepmymotherhappykeephealthy保持健康

169keyto+名词表示:某物的钥匙或某题的答案

170keyto…anserto…key可以是答题或钥匙

171laughat…取笑……eg:DontlanghatothersWelanghedatthejoke

172learnbyoneslfe自学

173learnfromsb向某人学习eg:WeshouldlearnfromLeiFeng

174learntodosth学做某事

175letsbdosth让某人做某事

176Letsbdown让某人失望eg:Weshouldntletourfarentsdown我们不应该让我们的父母失望

177livefrom:离某地远

178livein+大地方/at+小地方居住在某地eg:IliveinLuZhouShelivesatXuanTan

179lookafter=takecareof照顾照看

180loseonesway谁迷路eg:Loseyourway你迷路

181makeadecisiontodosth决定做某事

182makefriendswithsb和谁成为朋友eg:Iwanttomakefriendswithyou

183makeitearly把时间定的早一点

184makeonexhibitionofoneself让某人出洋相

185makesb/n+n使什么成为什么eg:ImadehermystepmollerImadeyoumywife

186makesb/sth+adj使某人(某物)怎么样eg:Youmustmadeyourbedclean

187makesb/sthadj使某人/某物怎么样

188makesbdosth让某人做某事eg:Imadehimwrite我以前让他写

189makeupbemadeupof(被动语态)由……组成

190make…differenceto…

191mindsbtodomindonesdoing介意……做什么

192most+名mostof+代

193muchtoo+形容词194mustbe一定195need+名词

196needsbdosth需要某人做某事197needtodo(实义动词)needdo(情态动词)

198no/neithrofhatetodono/neithrofhatedoing

199no+名词

200notanymore=nomore再也不……eg:HedidntcryanymoreHecriednomore他再也不哭201not…(形、副)atalleg:Hesnottallatallshedoesntjunpfaratall

202not…atall一点都不

203not…either表否定,也不eg:IdontjapanseeitherIdonthavesister,either我也没有姐姐

204not…until直到……才……

eg:IdidntsleepuntilmymothercamebackThechilddidntstopcryinguntilIgivehersugar

205offer/providesbwithsth给某人提供

206offersbsth(offersthtosb提供什么东西给某人eg:Iofferyouwater(Iofferwatertoyou我给你提供水

207ononeswayto…在谁去那的路上

208ontheonehand一方面ontheotherhand另一方面

209onthephone=overthephone用电话交谈jAb88.COM

210ontime准时intime及时

211oneday=someday=someday一天,有一天

212oneof+可数名词的复数形式

213onetoanother一个到另一个

214overandoveragin一遍又一遍的eg:Hecleanedtheflooroverandoveragin

215part-timejob兼职工作fall-timejob全职工作

216payfor…付……钱paythebill开钱,付钱

217please+do

218pleasehelpyourself

219pleasedwithsb

220poolinto=poreinto

221practice+doing练习做某事

222prefersthtosth相对……更喜欢……eg:Ipreferphysicstochemisty在物理和化学中,我更喜欢物理

preferdoingtosth更喜欢去做…不愿意去做…eg:Heprefersridingabiketodiving他更喜欢骑自行车,不开小车

prefertodosthratherthandosth宁愿做…也不愿

eg:Myundepreferstobuyanowcarratherthanrepaivtheusedone我叔叔更喜欢买新的车,也不去修旧车

prefersbnottodosth更愿意…eg:Ipreferhernottocome我不喜欢她不来

223pretendtodosth装着去做什么pretendthat从句

eg:Thetwocheatspretendedtobeworkingveryhard这两个骗子装着努力工作

Hepretendedthathedidnotknowtheanswer他装着不知道答案

224rather…than宁可……也不……

eg:Iwouldratherbeadoctorthanateacher我愿肯当医生,也不当老师

Helikesdogsratherthancats他喜欢狗,不喜欢猫

225regard…as把……当作……

eg:Pleasegivemybestregardstoyourfamily请带我向你的家人我最好的问候

Iregardyouasmyfriend我把你当作我的朋友

Heshowslittleregardforothers他不爱关心别人

226remidsbaboutsth提醒某人什么事remidsbtodosth提醒某人做某事

eg:heremidsmeaboutcooking(heremidsmetocook他提醒我做饭

227remidsbofsth使某人想起什么

eg:thepicturesremindmeofmyschooldays这照片使我想起了我的学校

thewordsthat(which)theteachertalketoremindmeofmymother

228returnsthtosb还什么东西给某人

229saytooneself对自己说

230saytosb对某人说

231sbspendsomemoneyonsth花了多少钱在某事上

232sbspendsometimewithsb花了多少时间陪谁

233sbspendsometime(in)doingsth花了多少时间做某事

234sbwithsb+issbandsb+are

235seesbdo看见某人做过某事seesbdoing看见某人正在做某事

236seemtodo/be+adj显得怎么样eg:YouseemtobetiredYouseemtobehappy

237send+sbsth送给某人某物

238send…to…把什么寄到哪里去?

239shock使……震惊eg:Oh,Itsonlyyou!Yougivemeashock啊,是你呀!吓我一跳

240showsbsth向某人展示某物eg:Ishowherthebook.

241showsbsth=showsthtosb拿什么东西给某人看eg:ShowmeyourpenShowyourpentome

242showsthtosb向某人展示某物eg:Ishowthebooktoher.

243some…others…一些……另一些……

244start…with…从……开始begin…with…从……开始

245stayawayfrom远离……

eg:Weretoldtostayawayfromtheanimalswhevisitingthezoo当我们参观zoo时,我们要远离动物

Ifyouwanttoloseweightyoudbetterstayauayfromthesweetfood徒工你想减肥,你最好远离甜食

246stopdoing停下正在做的事

247stopsbfromdoingsth阻止某人做某事

248stopsb(from)doing阻止某人做某事

249stoptodo停下正在做的事去做下一件事

250such+名这样,这种

251suitsb适合某人

252surprisesb使某人惊奇toonessurprise令某人惊奇

253takeclasses上课

254takesbto把某人带去eg:Itakeyoutothehospital

255takewalks=takeawalk=goforawalk散步

256①talkto对谁说eg:Italktoyou②talkwith和谁说eg:Italkwithhim

③talkof谈到eg:wetalkedofyou④talkabout谈论关于……

257talkwithsb和某人说话

258teachsbsth教某人做某事

259tellsbdosth告诉某人做某事

260tellsbsthtellsbthat丛句tellsbnottodosthtellastory

261tellsbsth告诉某人某事

262tellsbtodosth告诉某人做什么tellsbnottodosth告诉某人不要做什么

263tell…from…

264thankyoufor+doing

265thesame+名词(doing)+as……

266thesame…(名)…asas…(adjadv)…as相同

267thewaytodosth=thewayofdoingst做某方面的方法thewayto+地方去哪的路

eg:DoyouknowthewaytolearnEnglishDoyouknowthewayoflearningEnglish

268thewayto…(地点)到哪的269too…to…太怎样而不能……adj+enoughto足够…能…so…that+丛句

eg:Heistooyoungtogotoschool=Heissoyoungthathecantgotoschool

Heisoldenoughtogotoschool=Heissooldthathecangotoschool

270transalte……into……把什么翻译成什么eg:TrasalteEnglishintochinese

271travelwithsb和某人去旅游272tryonesbesttodosth尽某人最大的努力去做某事eg:IwilltrymybesttolearnEnglishwell273trytodosth想干什么,但没成功trydoingsth想干什么,已经做过了

eg:Hetriedtoclimb他想爬上去,但没成功Hetriedclimbing他想爬上去,已经做过了

274try…试衣服haveatry试一下275turndown开小←→turnup开大

276turnoff关上←→turnon打开open拆开277upsidedown倒着

278visitto…参观某个地方279waitforsb等某人

相关知识

初中英语(新课标版)中考总复习冲刺材料3


实战:

1.Theanswerisniceandsoft.ShallI______theshopkeeperifIcantryiton?

 A.ask

 B.answer

 C.speak

 D.tell

 2.Tickets,please.MayI______yourticketplease,madam?

 A.show

 B.watch

 C.find

 D.see

 3.Itsnotgoodto______whenyouarewaitingforabus.

 A.standinline

 B.getonwell

 C.jumpthequeue

 D.waitforyourturn

 4.Itshardtocountthemonkeys,theyrerunningandjumping__________.

 A.attimes

 B.allthetime

 C.moreorless

 D.rightaway

 5.Imsorry,weve_______theshoesinyoursize.

 A.paidfor

 B.puton

 C.soldout

 D.putaway

 6.Weihuaspenwas________,sosheneededanewone.

 A.broken

 B.long

 C.cheap

 D.here

 7.Youcanoftenbuythingsfromtheirshop_______home.

 A.oftheway

 B.bytheway

 C.anotherwayof

 D.onyourway

 8.Theteacherintheschoollibraryisvery________.Youmustreturnyourlibrarybookontime!

 A.kind

 B.lonely

 C.strict

 D.polite

 9.Thankstoman-makesatellite,theworlditselfisbecomingamuchsmaller_____.

 A.space

 B.place

 C.room

 D.universe

 10.Ilikethesweater,butit________toomuch.

 A.uses

 B.takes

 C.costs

 D.spends

 11.FatherChristmaslandsontopof_______houseandclimbsdownthechimneyintothefire-place.

 A.each

 B.all

 C.either

 D.both

 12.Theiceisverythin.Its_______dangerous_____walkonit.

 A.so,that

 B.as,as

 C.from,to

 D.too,to

 13.Onedayhismotherwasill.She______adoctor.

 A.sentfor

 B.sentaway

 C.sentup

 D.fellbehind

 14.He_______theradioandlistenedtothemusic.

 A.opened

 B.turnedon

 C.turnedoff

 D.closed

 15.Thedoctor_______MrsBrownverycarefullyandthensaid:"Theresnothingmuchwrongwithyou."

 A.watched

 B.operated

 C.lookedover

 D.lookedafter

我们步步深入,开始接触到整个句子的heart--动词了。掌握了动词,你学起英语来就会感到驾轻就熟了。告诉你,一定要记牢动词的现在分词,过去式,过去分词,如果在这些小地方丢分,那才讨厌呢。比如:catch的过去式和过去分词(caught,caught)你可能就不知道吧?痛下决心,好好记一记吧。下面呢,我们就各个击破。先讲系动词。

系动词:大概是最简单的动词了。你只需注意的是系动词除了be的形式之外,还有become,get,grow,turn,sound,look,smell,taste等,它们不能单独作谓语,必须和作表语的词语(如形容词,名词等)连用,所以用的时候,可要小心为是呀!如:Itsmellsdelicious.(它闻起来味道很美)。delicious是形容词,不是副词。

情态动词:首先要记住情态动词后必跟动词原形。must和need几乎是每年的必考题,这里我们重点讲一下。

must的意思是"应当,必须",侧重于说话者的主观看法,没有时态变化,其否定式是mustnt,在"MustI(we)...."的疑问句中,须注意的是其否定回答常用neednt。如:MustIgo?(我一定要走吗?) No,youneednt.(不,不必。)

 need意为"需要"。既可作实义动词,又可作情态动词,因此在用法上需要注意。作实义动词时,need后跟名词,动名词,或不定式。如:Ineedtogo.(我得走了。)作情态动词时,后跟动词原形。如:Youneedntcometomorrowifyouarebusy.(如果你忙,明天就不必来了。)

实意动词:实意动词可谓家族兴旺,人员众多。我们跑(run),我们跳(jump),我们笑(laugh),这些都得用实意动词来表达。我们一起来看一看一些特殊的词吧。它们在接动名词和不定式时意义有所不同。

 stop:这个词让好多同学大伤了一番脑筋,到底什么时候加todo,什么时候加

doing呢?两者意义又有什么不同呢?OK,Comewithme.看下面两个句子。

Whentheteachercamein,theystoppedtoread.

Whentheteachercamein,theystoppedtalking.

第一句的意思是"当老师进来时,他们停下来开始读书"。而第二句的意思是"老师进来时,他们停止了说话"。所以stoptodosth表示"停止正在做的事情去干另一件事"。而stopdoing表示"中断正在做的某事"。现在明白了吗?

 forget,remember,regret这三个词用法基本相同,只要记住+doing表示"事情已经做过",+todo表示"事情还未做"就可以了。forgettodo忘记要去做某事。(未做) forgetdoing忘记做过某事。(已做)如:Thelightisstillon.Heforgottoturnitoff.灯还在亮着,他忘记关了。(没有做关灯的动作) Heforgotturningthelightoff.他忘记他已经关了灯了。(已做过关灯的动作)

感官动词:see,watch,notice,lookat,hear,listento,smell,taste,feel等+do表示动作的完整性,真实性+doing表示动作的连续性,进行性。如:Isawhimworkinthegardenyesterday.昨天我看见他在花园里干活了。(强调"我看见了"这个事实)Isawhimworkinginthegardenyesterday.(强调"我见他正干活"这个动作)昨天我见他正在花园里干活。

 又到了我们趁热打铁的时间了,好学的你准备好了吗?

练习:

1.WangLin_______somehelp.Canyouhelphim?

A.needs

B.want

C.needto

D.ask

2.Allofusenjoy_______footballverymuch.

A.play

B.playing

C.played

D.toplay

3.----Thelightintheclassroomisstillon.

 ----Oh,Iforgot___.

A.turningitoff

B.turnitoff

C.toturnitoff

D.havingturneditoff

4.Iregret___thewindow.

A.todo

B.tobedoing

C.tohavedone

D.havingbroken

5.Hisgrandparentssawher___upfromchildhood.

A.grow

B.grew

C.wasgrowing

D.togrow

6.---WhatsthisinEnglish?

 ---Sorry,Icant_____itinEnglish.

A.tell

B.say

C.speak

D.talk

7.---_____Ifinishmyhomworktoday?

 ---No,youneednt.

A.Can

B.May

C.Must

D.Need

8.InSpring,thedays______longerandlonger,thetrees_______green.

A.get,turn

B.gets,turns

C.got,turned

D.havegot,haveturned

9.Whenthetrafficlightsarered,you________stop.

A.can

B.must

C.wont

D.neednt

10.Whentheteachercameintotheclassroom,I________tomydeskmate.

A.stoppedtotalk

B.stoppedtalking

C.stoptotalk

D.stoptalking

实战:

1.---Whosecalculatorisit?

---Its______.

 A.shes

 B.hers

 C.her

 D.she

 2._______December23,MrandMrsHopkensflewtoLondonforatrip.

 A.on

 B.in

 C.at

 D.for

 3.TheScienceMuseumislocated________thecentreofthetown.

 A.with

 B.near

 C.beside

 D.in

 4.Doyouthinkmathsis________importantthanEnglish?

 A.very

 B.as

 C.more

 D.quite

 5.Thecaptainhasa_______daughter.

 A.five-years-old

 B.fiveyearsold

 C.fiveyearold

 D.five-year-old

 6.Twofishermensaw______intheskywhiletheywerefishingbyariver.

 A.somethingstrange

 B.anythingstrange

 C.strangesomething

 D.strangeanything

 7.TheygotaChristmastreeanditwas______ours.

 A.sotallas

 B.sotalleras

 C.astallas

 D.astalleras

 8.Whos______womanoverthere?

 A./

 B.the

 C.a

 D.an

 9.A:_______havethescientistsbeenthere?B.Forabouttwoyears.

 A.Howmanytimes

 B.How

 C.Whattime

 D.Howlong

 10._______thatpairofnew________expensive?

 A.Is,shoe

 B.Are,shoe

 C.Is,shoes

 D.Are,shoes

 11.Dickjumpedintoalargehole________hesawthebear.

 A.while

 B.assoonas

 C.until

 D.if

 12._______coldweatheritisattheSouthPole!

 A.What

 B.Whatan

 C.How

 D.Whata

 13.Idontknow________lastnight.

 A.whytheydidntgotothemovies

 B.whentheydidntgotothemovies

 C.whydidnttheygotothemovies

 D.whendidnttheygotothemovies

 14.Therearentmanyorangeshere,butyoucantake_______ifyouwantto.

 A.few

 B.afew

 C.alittle

 D.little

 15.Tomfailedintheexam.Helooked________.

 A.happy

 B.sadly

 C.upset

 D.lovely

不定式和动词象一对姐妹一样亲密,本不该拆开来讲,可是篇幅有限,只能让他们分开了。不定式的构成非常简单,告诉我是什么?对!是to+动词原形。当然啦,to有时也可以不带。动词不定式没有人称和数的变化,可以担当除谓语外的任何句子成分。那什么时候可以不带to呢?Listentomecarefully.

不定式省to有四种情况:

 使役动词let,have,make等后接不定式。如:Lethimgo!让他走!

wouldrather,hadbetter后。如:Youhadbetterstayathome.你最好呆在家里。

 Why.../whynot...后。如:WhynothaveagoodrestonSunday?为什么星期天不好好休息一下呢?

 感官动词see,watch,lookat,hear,listento,smell,feel,find等后作宾补,省to。如:Isawhimdance.我看见他跳舞。

注意:这些情况在被动句中可千万不可省to哟!如:Thebossmadethemworkthewholenight.变成被动句:Theyweremadetoworkthewholenight.

不定式的特殊用法:

It与不定式:动词不定式可以做主语,但如果动词不定式太长,显得头重脚轻的,那么我们就可用形式主语it代替,而把真正主语(即不定式)放于句尾。

如:ItisnotdifficultformetostudyEnglishwell.(对我来说学好英语是可能的。)

不定式还可以充当句子的宾语,但有些动词,如find,think,believe等,在语法上不能接受不定式作宾语,只有用it作形式宾语,从而把动词不定式置于句尾。这样的不定式可继续充当其宾语的作用。

如:Ifounditdifficulttofallasleep.我发现很难入睡。

还有一点:动词不定式,还可用在how,when,where,what,which等疑问代词或副词之后,与其共同作宾语。如:Idontknowhowtouseacomputer.我不知道怎样使用电脑。Remember?

too...to...和enough...to:too...to表达"太...一致于不能..."。

enough...to表达"足以..."。这两个词组的用法用两个例子就可以说清楚了。

Theboxistooheavyformetolift.这个箱子太沉了,我提不动。

Heisoldenoughtogotoschool.他到上学的年龄了。也就是说,他的年龄足够上学了。记住这两个句子就可以举一反三,应用自如。你记住了吗?

好吧,再试一把趁热打铁!

 

练习:

1.Tellhim___thewindow.

 A.toclosenot

 B.nottoclose

 C.tonotclose

 D.notclose

 2.Pauldoesnthavetobemade___.Healwaysworkshard.

 A.learn

 B.tolearn

 C.learned

 D.learning

 3.Youdbetter_______thestoryinJapanese.

 A.say

 B.speak

 C.tell

 D.talk

 4.Thepatientwaswarned___oilyfoodaftertheoperation.

 A.toeatnot

 B.eatingnot

 C.nottoeat

 D.noteating

 5.----Iusuallygotherebytrain.

----Whynot___byboatforachange?

 A.totrygoing

 B.tryingtogo

 C.totryandgo

 D.trygoing

 6.Therearesomebooksonthefloor,wouldyoulike________?

 A.topickthemup

 B.topickupthem

 C.pickitup

 D.pickupit

 7.Sheisveryill,lets_______adoctoratonce.

 A.towakeup

 B.sendfor

 C.topayfor

 D.payfor

 8.Iwant________ateacherwhenIgrowup.

 A.tobe

 B.to

 C.be

 D.being

 9.Itscoldhere.Youdbetter______yourcoat.

 A.nottakeout

 B.nottotakedown

 C.nottakeoff

 D.nottotakeaway

 10.Mymothertoldme________morewater.

 A.drinking

 B.drank

 C.todrink

 D.drink

实战:

1.Youdbetter_______readinthesun.

 A.notto

 B.not

 C.dont

 D.to

 2.Youarentanewdriver,areyou?_______.

 A.No,Iam

 B.Yes,Imnot

 C.No,youare

 D.Yes,Iam

 3.MustIstayherenow?_________.

 A.No,youmustnt

 B.No,youneednt

 C.Yes,youcan

 D.Yes,youmay

 4.Thereis_______"s"intheword"bus".

 A.a

 B.an

 C.the

 D./

 5.Neithereofus______adoctor.

 A.is

 B.isnt

 C.are

 D.arent

 6.Whowasthefirstinthegirls_________race?

 A.400metre

 B.400-metre

 C.400metres

 D.400-metres

 7.Itstoonoisyhere,Icant_______.

 A.gotosleep

 B.falltosleep

 C.sleeping

 D.gettosleep

 8.Thestoryhappened________theeveningofOctober20,1995.

 A.at

 B.on

 C.in

 D.to

 9.CouldIspeaktoMrGao,please?________.Hehasgonetothehospital.

 A.Ithinkso

 B.Certainly,youcan

 C.Imafraidnot

 D.Imnotsure

 10.Imsorrytotroubleyou,MissHu.________.

 A.Fine,thankyou.

 B.Allright.

 C.Itsverykindofyou.

 D.Itdoesntmatter.

 11.Canyoutellmewhere________?

 A.isthepostoffice

 B.thepostofficeis

 C.doesthepostoffice

 D.thepostofficedoes

 12.InEngland,thefirstnameis_______name,butinChina,thefirstnameis______name.

 A.family,given

 B.given,family

 C.family,family

 D.given,given

 13.LiPingmetanoldfriendof_______onatrainyesterday.

 A.he

 B.him

 C.his

 D.her

 14.Kateis________girl.

 A.aeighteen-year-old

 B.aeighteen-years-old

 C.aneighteen-years-old

 D.aneighteen-year-old

 15.Ourcityisgetting________.

 A.beautifulandbeautiful

 B.beautifulerandbeautifuler

 C.moreandmorebeautiful

D.morebeautiflerandmorebeautifuler

别看介词是一种虚词,它在句中的作用却非常重要。它用来表明名词与句中其他词的关系,

不能单独使用。常考点包括一些固定搭配和一些近义词。固定搭配如:ononeswayhome,help...with,sendfor,beinterestedin...,belatefor,beangrywith,begoodat等。当然这需要你好好记忆了。

常用介词解析及用法比较:

at,on和in:这三个介词在试卷中的出现频率极高。对于它们的的分辨只要记住一句话就可以了。at表示点,on表示线,in表示面。什么意思呢?也就是说它们表达的范围逐渐增大。atsixoclock,atnoon,attheageofsixteen等用at表示时刻或时间的点以及年龄。on具体到一周中的各天,日期及某特定的一天早上,下午,晚上:onSaturday,onJuly1st,onmybirthday,onthemorningofJuly16th,onaspringafternoon。in表达的范围更大一些。与世纪、年代、季节、月份以及早上、上午、晚上等连用。如:intheseventhcentury,in1950s,in2000,inthemorning等。

 for,since:for表示多长时间。since后接时间起点,其终点往往为现在,常与完成时连用。牢牢记住哟。

 after,in:这两个介词都可以表示时间"在以后"的意思。其区别是:after以过去为起点,表示过去一段时间之后,常用于过去时态的句子;in以现在为起点,表示将来一段时间以后,常用于将来时态的句子。

 by,with,in:by表示"以...的方式,方法,手段"和"乘某种交通工具";with指"借助于具体的手段或工具";in表示"以......方式,用语言,文字等媒介"。

 for和of:试比较:ItsimpossibleformetowatchTVafterelevenoclock.Itskindofyoutohelpme.

两句中介词的选择依据其前形容词而定,一般来说,of之前的形容词往往是用于描写人的品质的好坏,人自身的特点,如聪明与否,细心与粗心等;for之前的形容词用于描写事物的特点,如可能性,必然性,难易程度等。

 好,又到了趁热打铁的时间了,来检测一下你的学习成效如何?

练习:

1.Canyoutellthestory______Russian?

 A.with

 B.in

 C.on

 D.by

 2.Herearesomebirthdaycards______ourteachers,______ourbestwishes.

 A.of,with

 B.for,with

 C.of,in

 D.for,in

 3.Thevisitors_______Japanarrived_____BeijingstationlastTuesdaymorning.

 A.from,at

 B.of,to

 C.from,to

 D.of,on

 4.Hesbadlyhurt,wemustsend_____adoctoratonce.

 A.to

 B.up

 C.on

 D.for

 5.Doyouusuallycometoschool______footor_____-bike?

 A.by...by

 B.on...on

 C.on...by

 D.by...on

 6.--whenwasJimborn?

--______July,18,1978.

 A.on

 B.at

 C.in

 D.to

 7.WeiFangboughtanewpenatashop_____herwayhome.

 A.on

 B.at

 C.in

 D.to

 8.Donttellanybodyaboutit.Keepitasecret_______youandme.

 A.among

 B.between

 C.in

 D.with

 9.Theteacherwillbeback______anhour.

 A.in

 B.after

 C.of

 D.at

 10.--HowlonghaveyoubeeninBeijing?

--Ivebeenhere_____1989.

 A.in

 B.since

 C.on

 D.for

实战:

1.______maninbrownis_____friendofmyfatheres.

A.The..the

B.The...a

C.A...a

D.A...the

2.Hereisaletter______you.Its______youraunt.

A.to...for

B.for...to

C.from...to

D.for...from

3.Thetwinsare____interestedinChinesefood.

A.all

B.both

C.neither

D.each

4.Itis______hotinNanjinginsummer.

A.toomuch

B.muchtoo

C.muchmore

D.somuch

5.Thatstoodear.Haveyougot_______?

A.cheapersomething

B.everythingcheaper

C.cheaperanything

D.anythingcheaper

6.--CanIgoouttoplayfootballnow?

 --No,you_______.Youmustdoyourhomeworkfirst.

A.wont

B.cant

C.neednt

D.dont

7.Theboydidntgotobed_______hewasaskedto.

A.while

B.since

C.until

D.assoonas

8.LessonTwois______thanLessonOne.

A.muchdifficult

B.muchmoredifficult

C.themostdifficult

D.littledifficult

9.Youdbetter_______hereanylonger.

A.dontstay

B.nottostay

C.tonotstay

D.notstay

10.It_______himhalfanhourtorideabiketogethere.

A.spent

B.used

C.took

D.paid

11.MrsReaddoesntknow______forherdaughter.

A.whatwillshebuy

B.whichwillshebuy

C.tobuywhat

D.whatshewillbuy

12.Thesechildernhaveneverseensnow,_______they?

A.do

B.dont

C.havent

D.have

13.Why_______shoppingatonce?

A.dontgo

B.notgoto

C.didintgo

D.notgo

14.TheGreatWall______allovertheworld.

A.isbeingknown

B.wasknown

C.hasknown

D.isknown

15.Myfriendhasworkedinthathospital_________.

A.sinceitopened

B.foritopened

C.sinceitopens

D.sinceitisopen

好了,现在我们在攻克词类的最后一个堡垒——连词。连词更好对付了,我们只讲几个常考的词组就可以了。

连词常考到的有以下几个词组:

both...and:表示"两者都...".注意:当both...and连接主语时,后面动词一般要用复数。如:Both

LilyandLucyareright.

notonly...butalso:"不仅...而且..."。注意:后面动词采用就近原则,与butalso后的词保持一致。

如:Notonlymyparentsbutalsomybrotherlikesthecat.

either...or:"或者...或者..."。注意谓语动词采用就近原则。如:EitheryouorIamwrong.

neither...nor:"既不...也不..."是"either...or"的否定形式。谓语动词采用就近原则,与nor后的

词保持一致。如:Neitheryounorheisright.

 or的用法:意思为"否则"。如:Imustworkhard,orIllfailintheexam.(我必须好好学习,否则

我会考不及格了。)

 Soeasy,notdifficultatall!OK!Letscometoour趁热打铁。

练习:

1._________John_______Iarepolicemen.

A.Neither...nor

B.Either...or

C.Both...and

D.Notonly...butalso

2.MrSmithteaches______well______hislessonsarenoteasilyforgotten.

A.very...that

B.quite...but

C.so...as

D.so...that

3.Hedidntgotosleep______hefinishedhishomework.

A.till

B.before

C.after

D.until

4.Ididntbuythedictionaryyesterday________myauntwouldgivemeone.

A.until

B.because

C.if

D.before

5.Therunnerfell_______hequicklygotupandwentonrunning.

A.or

B.and

C.but

D.down

6.Waitformeintheroom_______Icomeback.

A.until

B.and

C.so

D.or

7.Illreturnthebookstothelibrary______soonaspossible.

A.as

B.so

C.just

D.but

8.Goalongtheroad,_______youllfindthemarketattheendofit.

A.when

B.and

C.or

D.though

9.Youllbelate______youdontgetupearlytomorrowmorning.

A.if

B.when

C.before

D.until

10.Itwaslate.Shewashedherface______wenttobed.

A.or

B.and

C.so

D.but

实践:

1.MrLinoftencomestotheparktodomorningexercieseatthistimeof______day.

A.the

B.a

C.不填

D.an

2.Thisis_______business,notmine.

A.MrYangandMrZhangs

B.MrYangandMrZhang

C.MrYangsandMrZhang

D.MrYangsandMrZhangs

3.Ihavegot______newsfrommyfriend.Doyouwanttoknow?

A.averygood

B.any

C.apieceof

D.twopieces

4.She_______athickcoattoday,thoughitisntverycold.

A.iswearing

B.puton

C.dressed

D.isdressing

5.Thatwomanisverytired,soshe________.

A.stoppedtowork

B.stoppedhavingagoodrest

C.stoppedtohavearest

D.stoppedtoworking

6.--Hello,whoareyou________?

 --Mymother.

A.waiting

B.waitingfor

C.finding

D.looking

7.MyunclewenttoMoscowtodosomebusinessthreemonths______?

A.before

B.later

C.ago

D.after

8.Edisonwasclevererthan_______studentsinhisclass,buthisteacherdidintknowthis.

A.allthe

B.other

C.another

D.theothers

9.IdontknowwhereJackisnow.________-inthecinema.

A.Maybehe

B.Maybehe

C.Hemightbe

D.Hemaybe

10.Itwas______dark_____wecouldntseeanythingclearly.

A.very,that

B.too,to

C.so,as

D.so,that

11.Therearetwodictionariesonhisdesk,but______ofthemisusefultome.

A.all

B.neither

C.both

D.either

12._______Isawhimdrivingacaracrossthestreet.

A.Rightnow

B.Justamoment

C.Rightaway

D.Justnow

13.Shewillbebackbyairfromshanghai________.

A.inaweek

B.afteraweek

C.aweeklater

D.untilaweek

14.Youmaypayattentiontoyourwriting______nobodycanunderstandwhatyouwanttowrite.

A.but

B.and

C.or

D.that

15.Thetestis______easierand_____interestingthanthatone.

A.more,much

B.much,more

C.more,more

D.much,much

提起时态,当然是指动词的时态啦。过去、现在和未来等不同时间段发生的事情要用不同的时态来表示。时态是动词的一种形式,表示动作或状态发生或存在的时间和方式。闭上眼睛想一想,初中我们学过的时态有几个?初中我们共学过八种时态。本讲将这几个时态总体介绍一下:

一般现在时:常与always,often,sometimes,everyday连用,表示习惯或经常反复发生的动作或存在的状态。提醒你当第三人称单数做主语时,别忘了动词的变化。注意:象"地球大,月亮小"等客观真理、事实一定用一般现在时。

现在进行时:要注意其构成:由be+动词+ing,表示说话时正在进行的动作。如:Werestudyingnow.我们现在正在学习。

 一般过去时:表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态,常与yesterday,lastyear,in1949,twoyearsago,等表示过去时间的状语连用。注意:Weoftenwenttodancelastsummer.有的同学一见到often就想到用一般现在时,其实因为后面有表示过去时间的lastsummer,所以要用过去式,千万别误用了,切记,切记。

过去进行时:显然过去进行时表示过去某一时刻正在做什么,常和特定的时间状语如atthattime,atsixyesterday,atthatmoment,whenhecamein等连用。如:Whenheknockedatthedoor,hismotherwascooking.

一般将来时:表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态,常与表示将来时间状语如nextyear,tomorrow等连用。注意:在Willyou....?问句中,回答必须是Yes,Iwill.或No,Iwont而不能用Yes,Ishall.No,Ishant.来回答过去将来时:过去将来时不可以单独使用,它一般在宾语从句中作间接引语,表示从过去某一时间看来将要发生的动作或存在的状态。如:TheytoldmethattheywouldgotoworkinGuangdong.

现在完成时:顾名思义,现在完成时表示的是已经完成的动作,但动作造成的影响还在,常被just,already,yet等副词修饰。如:HehasalreadygonetoTianjin.对现在造成的影响是他已经不在这儿了。现在完成时还可用来表示过去发生的动作一直延续到现在,常带有for或since等表示一段时间的状语。如:MrWanghaslivedheresince1983.表示说话前发生过一次或多次的动作,我们常用"过"来表示,常带有twice,once,ever,never等时间状语。如:Iveneverseenthatfilm.

过去完成时:我们可以用"过去的过去"来概括过去完成时,表示过去某一时刻或某一动作之前已经完成了的动作,通常与by,before等构成的短语或when,before,after引导的从句连用。也可表示过去某一时间开始,一直延续到过去另一时间的动作,常和for或since构成的时间状语连用。用法和现在完成时大致相同,只不过又向前推了一个时态。

 八个时态可能得让你好好对付一阵子,但细细学来,也并不困难。不信吗?试试趁热打铁你就知道了。

练习:

1.Thezoo_______inthenorthofthecity.

A.lies

B.builds

C.seems

D.lying

2.--Tom______out.

 --Oh,ishe?Whattime_______he______out?

A.is,did,go

B.went,is,going

C.hasgone,did,go

D.isgoing,does,go

3.--Itmustbeonchannel2.Trythat.

 --I______that.ButIstillcantgetanything.

A.havetried

B.tried

C.try

D.willdo

4.Theyusually________TVintheevening.

A.watch

B.willwatch

C.arewatching

D.watches

5.Hehas_______forabouttwelveyears.

A.boughtthehouse

B.lefthere

C.livedhere

D.gonehere

6.Thetwooldman________eachothersince1970.

A.didntseen

B.dontsee

C.haventsee

D.wontsee

7.LucyandLilycanspeakgoodChinese,becausethey______Chinaforsixyears.

A.havebeenin

B.havebeento

C.havecometo

D.havegoneto

8.--Ourcountry______alotsofar.

 --Yes,Ihopeitwillbeeven________.

A.haschanged,well

B.changed,good

C.haschanged,better

D.changed,better

9.--IsawAnn_______agreendressatthemeeting.

 --Ithinkshelooksbetter_______red.

A.dressed,in

B.puton,wear

C.wearing,in

D.wear,puton

10.--Ididntcometoschoolbecausemymotherwasillyesterday.

 --Iamsorry______that.

A.hearing

B.hear

C.hears

D.tohear

实践:

1.Therewillbe______interestingfilmtomorrowevening.

 A.a

 B.an

 C.the

 D.some

 2.--Whatsthatoverthere?

--Its______bag.

 A.I

 B.me

 C.my

 D.mine

 3.ThestudentsofClassOne______ontheplayground.

 A.amplaying

 B.isplaying

 C.areplaying

 D.wasplaying

 4.Youdbetter_______latenexttime!

 A.notbe

 B.nottobe

 C.wontbe

 D.dontbe

 5.Healwaysgetsupearly,_______he?

 A.is

 B.isnthe

 C.does

 D.doesnt

 6.______tallthebuildingis!

 A.Howa

 B.How

 C.What

 D.Whata

 7.LessonSevenis________oneinthisbook.

 A.important

 B.moreimportant

 C.mostimportant

 D.themostimportant

 8.Iwillcallyouassoonasshe________back.

 A.comes

 B.come

 C.came

 D.willcome

 9.Heputonhiscoat______wentout.

 A.and

 B.but

 C.or

 D.so

 10.--______Igettherebeforesixoclock?

--No,youneednt.

 A.Can

 B.May

 C.Must

 D.Shall

 11.Theirbabywasborn______April2,1997.

 A.in

 B.on

 C.at

 D.by

 12.Herfatherisbusy_______thetruck.

 A.mend

 B.mends

 C.mended

 D.mending

 13.We________thefloorwhensheleft.

 A.sweep

 B.swept

 C.weresweeping

 D.aresweeping

 14.Hewants________someapplesandoranges.

 A.tobuy

 B.buys

 C.bought

 D.buy

 15.Doyouunderstand______?

 A.whatdidhesay

 B.hesaidwhat

 C.whatdoeshesay

 D.whathesaid

时态的运用比较复杂,好多同学因为做题时不知应用哪种时态而挠头皮。其实你只要把易混的时态掌握好,对你来说时态就没有什么难点可言了。而你易混的时态无非是一般过去时和现在完成时,一般过去时和过去完成时的比较罢了。这有何难?看看下面的分析,你会发现一切"aseasyasABC"。

一般过去式和现在完成时:

一般过去式只是表示事情发生在过去,陈述一个事实,它可以和确定的表示过去的时间状语如:lastnight,in1999,threedaysago等连用。而现在完成时表示某一完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,强调的是现在的情况,所以它不能和确定的表示过去的时间状语连用。

如:Wehaveseenthatfilm.我们已看过那部电影。对现在造成的影响是我们对影片已有所了解。Wesawthefilmlastnight.昨天晚上我们看了那部电影。只说明昨天晚上看电影这一事实。

注意:有些时间状语,如thismorning,tonight,thismonth等,既可用于一般过去时,又可用于现在完成时,但所表达的意义有所不同。用于现在完成时表示包括现在在内,而用于一般过去式则与现在无关。如:IhavereadthisbookthisApril.(说话时仍然为四月。)IreadthisbookthisApril.(说话时四月份已过。)

一般过去式和过去完成时的比较:

一般过去式表示过去时间发生的动作或存在的状态,而过去完成时在过去某一时间或动作之前已完成的动作或状态,即"过去的过去"。当强调过去某一动作发生在某一动作之前时,常用此时态。

如:Hehadfinishedhishomeworkbeforenineoclock. 九点之前他已经完成了作业。实际上,一般现在时和过去完成时常搭配使用。如:Whenhegothome,hisdaughterhadalreadygonetobed.当他到家的时候,他的女儿早已去睡觉了。

在带有after和before引导的时间状语从句的复合句中,由于从句的动作和主句的动作发生的先后顺序已经非常明确,所以可以用一般过去时代替过去完成时。 如:Hecalledonmesoonafterhehadfinishedhishomework.他做完作业后不久便来拜访我。也可以说:Hecalledonmesoonafterhefinishedhishomework.

 哇塞,我们终于学完了所有时态,摩拳擦掌,试试趁热打铁!

练习:

1.ZhaoLan____already___inthisschoolfortwoyears.

 A.was...studying

 B.will...study

 C.has...studied

 D.arestudying

 2.Theyusually_____TVintheevening.

 A.watch

 B.willwatch

 C.arewatching

 D.watches

 3.Judy_____theGreatWalltwice,andnowshestill______togothere.

 A.wentto,wanted

 B.goesto,wants

 C.hasgone,wants

 D.hasbeento,wants

 4.Shewillfindhimakindmanwhenshe_______moreabouthim.

 A.knows

 B.know

 C.willknow

 D.isgoingtoknow

 5.--WhatareyougoingtogiveourteacherforTeachersDay?

--Imnotsure.MaybeI_____himsomeflowers.

 A.havegiven

 B.willgive

 C.gave

 D.give

 6.--Tom______out.

--Oh,ishe?Whattime_____he_____out?

 A.is,did,go

 B.went,is,going

 C.hasgone,did,go

 D.isgoing,does,go

 7.Itsnineoclocknow,they______anEnglishclass.

 A.have

 B.arehaving

 C.having

 D.willhave

 8.--"WhereisLiLei?"

--"He_______hissportsshoesintheroom.He______footballwithhisfriends."

 A.isputtingon,isplaying

 B.putson,willplay

 C.isputtingon,willplay

 D.puton,played

 9.MissSmithwithherparents______Chinasince_________.

 A.havebeenin,twoyearsago

 B.hasgoneto,twoyears

 C.havebeento,twoyears

 D.hasbeenin,twoyearsago

 10.WhenIknockedatthedoor,mymother_______.

 A.iscooking

 B.cooked

 C.wascooking

 D.cooks

初中英语(新课标版)中考总复习冲刺材料5


状语从句是句子的状语由一个从句充当,来修饰主句中的动词,形容词或副词等。状语从句都由从属连词引导,与主句连接,放在句末时,一般不在前面加逗号。

状语从句根据它表示的意思可分为时间,原因,条件,比较,结果,目的等类。下面我们拣重点的一个一个来分析。

时间状语从句:是由when,as,while,after,before,since,until,assoonas等从属连词引导的状语从句。时间状语从句中的谓语动词不能用一般将来时,只能用一般现在时表示将来发生的动作或存在的状态。如:IwillcallyouassoonasIarrivethere.

原因状语从句:because,since,as和for都表示原因。常常令我们不知该用哪个好。我们来比较一下。because语势最强,回答why提出的问题,用来说明人所不知的原因。当能够很明显的看出原因或人们已知原因,就用as或since。如:Idontlikethatcoat,becausethecolorlooksterrible.由because引导的从句如果放在句末,且前面有逗号,则可以用for来代替。但如果不是说明直接原因,而是多种情况加以推断,就只能用for。如:Heisnothere,because/forhismotherisill.

目的状语从句:表示目的状语的从句可以由inorderthat,sothat,等词引导。如:Youmustraiseyourvoicesothat/inorderthateverybodycanhearyouclearly.

结果状语从句:结果状语从句常由so...that或such...that引导,要掌握和区分这两个句型,首先要了解so和such后面分别跟什么词。such是形容词,修饰名词或名词词组,so是副词,只能修饰形容词或副词。so还可与表示数量的形容词many,few,much,little连用,形成固定搭配。如:TheboxissoheavythatIcantcarryit.

让步状语从句:是由though,although引导的状语从句。though,although和but不能同时使用。

Althoughitrained,theyhadagoodtime.

练习:

1.Shewillfindhimakindmanwhenshe_________him.

 A.knows

 B.know

 C.willknow

 D.isgoingtoknow

 2.Wellgooutforawalkassoonasit________.

 A.stopsraining

 B.raining

 C.stoptorain

 D.rain

 3.Thefilmwas_____interesting_____everyonewantedtoseeitagain.

 A.too,to

 B.so,that

 C.not,until

 D.very,that

 4.Wedontunderstandthepassage______thereisfewwordsinit.

 A.and

 B.if

 C.though

 D.because

 5.Youaresuretopasstheexam_______youstudyhard.

 A.if

 B.though

 C.that

 D.when

 6.Ifyou_____freetomorrow,wewontgoforapicnic.

 A.arent

 B.wontbe

 C.werent

 D.dont

 7.WhatwasJimdoing_______theteachercamein?

 A.while

 B.and

 C.when

 D.but

 8.Youmuststop______thepolicemansay:"stop!"

 A.that

 B.if

 C.then

 D.until

 9.--TheboyfailedtopasstheEnglishexamination.

--______hedidntworkhard.

 A.If

 B.Because

 C.When 

 D.So

 10.Illgoforawalkwithyouifit______tomorrow?

 A.wontrain

 B.doesntrain

 C.willrain

 D.rain

 

实践:

1.Igetup______halfpastsixeveryday.

 A.in

 B.on

 C.at

 D.for

 2.IheardRobin________anEnglishsonglastnight.

 A.sang

 B.tosing

 C.sing

 D.sung

 3.Isthere_______intodaysnewspaper?

 A.importantsomething

 B.somethingimportant

 C.importantanything

 D.anythingimportant

 4._____fineweatheritis!

 A.Whata

 B.Whatan

 C.How

 D.What

 5."Whereareyourbikes?"

"________isundertree,and_______besidethewall."

 A.Mine,her

 B.Me,his

 C.Mine,his

 D.His,her

 6.______studentslistenedtothereport.

 A.Fourhundred

 B.Fourhundredof

 C.Fourhundredsof

 D.Fourhundreds

 7.Footballwasoncea______game,butnowmoreandmoregirlsenjoyplayingit.

 A.boys

 B.boys

 C.boyss

 D.girls

 8.Dontmove,_______Iwillkillyou!

 A.and

 B.or

 C.so

 D.but

 9.Thereis_________inkinmypen.Willyoupleasegiveme_______drops?

 A.afew,alittle

 B.few,little

 C.little,afew

 D.little,alittle

 10.Theycouldhardlybelieveit,_______?

 A.couldntthey

 B.couldthey

 C.cantthey

 D.canthey

 11."MayIsmokehere?""No,you_______."

 A.cant

 B.neednt

 C.mustnt

 D.maynot

 12.Hisfather________forsixyears.

 A.hasdied

 B.hasbeendead

 C.hasdead

 D.hasbeendeath

 13.Thereis________umbrellaintheroom._______umbrellaisinthecorner.

 A.the,the

 B.a,The

 C.an,The

 D.an,A

 14.Itwas______theChristmasEvethatIfirstsawhim.

 A.at

 B.in

 C.on

 D.by

 15.Shehasanpencilinonehand,apenin________.

 A.others

 B.another

 C.theother

 D.theothers

中考在一天天的接近,现在大家肯定非常紧张。面对这一大堆问题,该如何充分利用这几天有限的时间来达到复习的最佳效果呢?不要着急,不要着急,稳下心来,Doitstepbystep,中考就会志在必得。

考前主要思路:目前中考英语的趋向是向考察语言实际应用的方向转化,对语法的考察则趋向于基本、基础的知识考察。同时将对语法的考察与语言情景向结合。所以:记住该记的关键、废话少说!考什么记什么。时间宝贵呀!一谈到考前复习,很多人便想到抓"考点"、"要点"。实际上,最关键的是抓住"知识点",找出"重点"和"难点",才能举一反三,触类旁通。

忠告:

音标部分:在平时学习时所掌握的知识的基础上,复习一遍音标规则,复习过程中结合自己所学单词进行验证,可加深印象和理解程度。同时总结容易混淆的音标及不符合音标规则的特殊读音词。

介词的用法一直是考试的重点,原因是在英语里,介词往往能起到汉语里动词的作用,而且很多时候用法的区分很细致。复习时认真总结一下,还是有用的。

因汉语里没有冠词一说,冠词的用法一直是个难点。a,an用法还好区分些,只要知道其后面所跟的词的发音就可轻易判断。the则难一些,但只要知道用the则必特指,大多数题也就迎刃而解了。当然还有不用冠词的时候。

句中单复数的对应关系,其中包括名词、代词的单复数形式,并不是很难理解,考试时细心一些就可以了。肯定句、疑问句的相互变换时,更要特别注意到这一点。

动词词组的含义、用法,要是没有掌握得很好,则针对每一词组的不同用法记忆一组例句,到时候套用可保万无一失。

初二、初三的英语中有了时态、句中词序的变化,复习时多加对比,考时跟着感觉走。

初中英语的阅读理解部分,并不涉及词语的隐讳含义或双关等。因此只要阅读速度不是很慢,平时所积累的词汇量够用就行。万一你的速度赶不上去,考试可先读题,后读文章,读时抓住与问题相关的内容点就行。

练习:

1."Wouldyoumindlendingmeyourradio?"

"______".

 A.Yes,hereyouare.

 B.Certainlynot.Hereyouare.

 C.No,myradioisbad

 D.No,thanks.

 2.Ifyoudontknowhowtoreadaword,youdbetter______inadictionary.

 A.lookupit

 B.tolookupit

 C.lookitup

 D.tolookitup

 3.There_____alotofriceinthebag.

 A.are

 B.has

 C.have

 D.is

 4.Theradioistoonoisy,wouldyouplease_______alittle?

 A.turnitdown

 B.turniton

 C.stopitfrom

 D.pickitup

 5.Beijingwill_______beautifulflowerswhenNationalDaycomes.

 A.cover

 B.coverwith

 C.becovered

 D.becoveredwith

 6.Johnknows_______acomputer.

 A.howtouse

 B.howuse

 C.howuses

 D.whatuse

 7.TheEnglishfor10,440is________.

 A.tenthousand,fourhundredsandforty

 B.tenthousand,fourhundredandforty

 C.tenthousand,fourhundredforty

 D.tenthousandandfour,forty

 8.Isaw_______playinginthestreetatthattime.

 A.them

 B.they

 C.their

 D.theirs

 9.Thereis_________intheworldifyouputyourheartintoit.

 A.somethingdifficult

 B.difficultsomething

 C.nothingdifficult

 D.difficultnothing

 10.______allthestudentsinhisclass,XiaoMingwrites_______.

 A.Of,mostcarefully

 B.In,themostcareful

 C.Of,verycarefully

 D.In,muchmorecarefully

实践:

1.Ihavefourfriends.BothTomandPeter________fromtheUSA,

butneitherTomnorPeter________westernfood.

 A.is,likes

 B.are,likes

 C.is,like

 D.are,like

 2.TheNileisthelongestriverintheworld.Itis_______kilometreslong.

 A.sixthousandssixhundredandseventy

 B.sixthousandandsixhundredseventy

 C.sixthousandssixhundredsseventy

 D.sixthousandsixhundredandseventy

 3.________myauntcomestostaywithusfor_______inourhometown.

 A.Sometime,sometimes

 B.Sometimes,sometime

 C.Sometime,sometimes

 D.Sometime,sometime

 4.UncleWangwantedmetowaterthetrees.________.

 A.Sodidus

 B.Sowedid

 C.SowasI

 D.SoIdid

 5.Nobodycangointothecinema_______aticket.

 A.with

 B.except

 C.and

 D.without

 6.________isthemostpopularfootballplayerinyourcountry?

 A.Whodoyouthink

 B.Doyouthinkwho

 C.Doyouthinkwhom

 D.Whomdoyouthink

 7._______hardandyouwillcatchupwithyourclassmates.

 A.Towork

 B.Work

 C.Ifyouwork

 D.Working

 8.Thedresscost________moneythatshecouldntaffordtobuyit.

 A.toomuch

 B.somuch

 C.somany

 D.quitemuch

 9.A:Youareverybeautifulinthenewskirt.

B:_______.

 A.Itstoogood

 B.Imsorrytohearthat

 C.Thatsgreat

 D.Itsquitegood

 10.Suchathingwillnotbefoundeverywhere.Thatmeans________.

 A.suchathingisnowheretobefound

 B.suchathingcanbefoundsomewhere,butnoteverywhere

 C.youcanneverfindsuchathing

 D.suchathingcannotbefoundinanyplaces

 11._____isclearthatlearningEnglishwellisnoteasy.

 A.This

 B.What

 C.It

 D.That

 12.Hesaid________hewasateacher________hetaughtEnglish.

 A.whether,that

 B.that,thatand

 C.,andthat

 D.whether,butthat

 13.Weshouldopenourmouth_____learnEnglishwell.

 A.fororderto

 B.inorderto

 C.inorderthat

 D.inorderfor

 14.Itsagreatshameforme_______infrontofsomanypeople.

 A.tolaughat

 B.tolaughingat

 C.tobelaughedat

 D.tohavelaughedat

 15.Theboys______basketballontheplaygroundaremyclassmates.

 A.play

 B.played

 C.toplay

 D.playing

Therebe句型的基本用法是表示“某地(或某时)有某人(或某物)”,其形式为“Therebe+代词或名词(短语)+地点/时间状语”。这里there是引导词,没有词义,be是谓语动词,代词或名词(短语)是主语。be要与主语保持人称和数的一致。否定句是在be后加not;一般疑问句是将be放在句首;反意疑问句中的简短问句是由“be(或其否定式)+there”构成。例如:

1.Thereisadeskandtwochairsintheroom.(紧挨着be动词的主语是adesk,是单数,故be的形式要用is)

2.Therearenttwochairsandadeskintheroom.(否定句)

3.Isthereanythingwrongwithyourears?(Yes,thereis./No,thereisnt.)

4.Therewasntameetingyesterday,wasthere?(反意疑问句)

除此之外,还有一个重要句式“有某人在做某事”,要用“Therebe+sb.+doingsth.+地点/时间状语”。例如:

Thereareseveralchildrenswimmingintheriver.河里有几个孩子在游泳。

Therebe结构中常见的时态有如下几种情况:

通过上表可知:各种时态的变化是通过be动词的变化来体现的。至于你提到的两个句子我们先不考虑对错,首要的问题是弄清楚Therebe与have所表示的意义。Therebe句型表示“存在”关系,have表示“所属”关系,两者不能混合在一个句子中。例如,要说“明天有一个班会。”(1)Therewillhaveaclassmeetingtomorrow.(×)(2)Thereisgoingto/willbeaclassmeetingtomorrow.(√)有时候既表示“存在”又表示“所属”时两种都可以用。例如:ClassThreehaveamapofChinaonthewall.(“地图”为三班学生所有)ThereisamapofChinaonthewallinClassThree.(“地图”存在于三班)由此看来,Therewillhave是错误的。

复习Therebe句型时除了掌握基础知识外,还应注意以下问题:

1.Therebe句型的考查更多的是将be动词与主语结合在一起进行的,即主谓的一致性。例如:

(1)Thereis_____onthefloor.

(2)Thereare_____onthefloor.

选项:A.catB.waterC.boxesD.football解析:(1)由is可知主语应是可数名词单数或不可数名词,而A、D项中都缺少冠词a,故选B,同理可知(2)应选C。

2.如果作主语的是一个短语,则常常考查短语中的修饰语。可数名词的复数形式前可以用any,some,few,afew,many或用数词+hundred/thousand/million,hundreds/thousands/millionsof,no等修饰;不可数名词可以受any,some,no,little,alittle,much等词的修饰。例如:

(1)Therewere_____studentsinourschool.

A.hundredsB.eighthundredC.eighthundredsof

(2)Thereis_____water.Youneedntgetsomemore.

A.fewB.littleC.much

解析:(1)由数词与名词的搭配关系可知选B,(2)由water可知排除A项,再由后一句意思便知选C。

3.注意不定代词的用法。

(1)不定代词在句中作主语,谓语动词要用单数形式。例如:Thereisnothinginthefridge.(2)不定代词受形容词修饰时要放在形容词的前面。例如:Thereissomethinginterestingintodaysnewspaper.

4.Therebe句型的反意疑问句,要注意陈述部分的形式。

如果陈述部分含有little,few,no,nobody,none等否定词时,后面的简短问句中要用肯定形式。例如:Thereisnobodyintheroom,isthere?

但有的含有否定意义的形容词修饰不定代词时则仍看作肯定句式。例如:Thereissomethingunusualintheroom,isntthere?

5.要注意句子前后意思的一致性。

有的句子单独看其意义时,可能不止一个选项适合于它,但如果联系上下句的意思则只能有一个恰当的选项。例如:(1)Thereis_____food.Youneedntbuyany.(2)Thereis_____food.Youhavetobuysome.(A.anyB.someC.no)从这两题中的第一个句子来看均可选用some和no,但与后面的句意结合看,答案则是唯一的:(1)B,(2)C。

Therebe句型命题趋向有两个方面:一是进一步加强对知识的理解与运用方面的考查。例如be动词与主语的一致性、名词或代词的修饰语、搭配关系、含否定词的反意疑问句等。二是有可能出现“有某人在做某事”这一句型,即“Therebe+sb.+doingsth.+地点/时间状语”。

下面是一些英语中考试题原题:

1.Thereare_____daysinaweek.

A.thesevenB.seventhC.theseventhD.seven

2.Therearefew_____inthefridge.Letsgoandbuysomepeas,carrotsandcabbages.

A.vegetablesB.fruitC.meatD.eggs

3.Look!Therearesome_____onthefloor.

A.childB.waterC.boxesD.girl

4.Thereweretwo_____peopleatyesterdaysmeeting.

A.hundredsB.hundredsofC.hundred

5.Theletterfrommyunclewasshort.Therewasnt_____news.

A.manyB.afewC.muchD.few

6.—Oh,thereisntenough_____forusinthelift.

—Itdoesntmatter,letswaitforthenext.

A.groundB.floorC.placeD.room

7.There_____anEnglishEveningnextTuesday.

A.wasB.willbeC.willhaveD.aregoingtobe

8.There_____afootballgameinourschool.

A.hasB.willhaveC.willbe

9.Thereisgoingto_____areport_____Chinesehistoryinourschoolthisevening.

A.have;onB.be;onC.have;forD.be;of

10.Thereis_____foodhere.Wellhavetobuysome.

A.anyB.someC.no

11.Thereis_____inthebag.Itsempty.

A.nothingB.somethingC.anythingD.somebody

12.Thereis_____knockingatthedoor.Goandseewhoitis.

A.nobodyB.somebodyC.anybodyD.everybody

13.—Isthere_____wrongwithme,doctor?

—Imafraidso.Yourheartisbeatingabittooslow.

A.somethingB.anythingC.everythingD.nothing

14.Thereis_____interestingonthischannel.Tryothers.

A.nothing

B.none

C.anything

D.no

15.Thereis_____interestinginthefilm,so_____isinterestedinit.

A.something;nobodyB.nothing;somebody

C.anything;anybodyD.nothing;nobody

16.Thereis_____intodaysnewspaper.

A.nothingnewB.anythingnew

C.newanythingD.newsomething

17.Thereis_____intodaysnewspaper.

A.newanythingB.newsomething

C.anythingnewD.somethingnew

18.Therewillbeavolleyballmatchinourschool,_____?

A.bethereB.isthere

C.willthereD.wontthere

19.Thereislittlewaterinthebottle.(改为反意疑问句)

Thereislittlewaterinthebottle,__________?

20.Thereissomethingunusualontheisland.(改为反意疑问句)

Thereissomethingunusualontheisland,__________?

Key:

●Therebe句型与中考试题

1—5DACCC

6—10DBCBC

11—15ABBAD

16—18ADD19.isthere20.isntthere

初中英语(新课标版)中考总复习冲刺材料6


A.熟记结构

被动语态的结构为“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词(p.p)”。被动语态的不同时态是通过be的时态变化来表示的,其人称和数方面应与主语保持一致。其具体变化为:

一般现在时:am/is/are+p.p.

一般过去时:was/were+p.p.

一般将来时:shall/willbe+p.p.

现在完成时:have/hasbeen+p.p.

现在进行时:am/is/are+being+p.p.

过去将来时:should/wouldbe+p.p.

含情态动词的被动结构:情态动词+be+p.p.例如:

①Chinese______bythelargestnumberofpeople.

A.speak

B.isspeaking

C.speaks

D.isspoken

(选D。考查一般现在时的被动语态)

②Theboy______togetsupperreadyafterschool.

A.weretold

B.istelling

C.wastold

D.tells

(选C。考查一般过去时的被动语态)

③Alotofnewroads______builtinthewestofChina.

A.must

B.mustbe

C.has

D.have

(选B。考查含情态动词的被动语态)

B.明确用法

被动语态常用于以下两种情况:

1.不知道谁是动作的执行者,或者没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者;

2.强调动作的承受者。例如:

这棵树是那个男孩弄断的。

Thetree____________bythatboy.

(填wasbroken)

C.熟练转换

1.将主动语态变被动语态的基本方法为:

①将主动语态的宾语作被动语态的主语;

②谓语动词变为“be+及物动词的过去分词”,并通过be的变化来表达出不同的时态;

③主动语态的主语变为介词by的宾语,组成介词短语放在被动结构中的谓语动词之后。(有时by短语可以省略)。

2.被动语态的一般疑问句是将一个助动词置于主语之前;否定句是在第一个助动词后加not;特殊疑问句的语序为:疑问词+一般疑问句。例如:

①Youmustthrowthebrokenpotteryawayatonce.

Thebrokenpottery________________________atonce.(同义句)

(填mustbethrownaway)

②Wheredidtheygrowvegetables?(改为被动语态)

Where______vegetables______?(填were;grown)

D.注意特例

将主动语态变被动语态应注意几个特殊情况:

1.含双宾语的主动结构变为被动结构时,有两种方法:

①将间接宾语变为主语,直接宾语保持不变;

②将直接宾语变为主语,间接宾语用介词to或for引导。例如:

①Hetoldusastory.(变被动语态)

→Weweretoldastory(byhim).或:Astorywastoldtousbyhim.

②Hermothergaveheranewpen.(变被动语态)

Anewpen__________________herbyhermother.

(填wasgivento)

2.短语动词的被动语态:在变为被动语态时,要将短语动词视为一个整体,其后的介词或副词不能省去。例如:

①Thisdictionarymustnt______fromthelibrary.

A.takeaway

B.takenaway

C.aretakenaway

D.betakenaway

[D]

②Shewilltakegoodcareofthechildren.(变被动语态)

Thechildrenwill______________________________(byher).

(填betakengoodcareof)

3.含有复合宾语的主动结构变被动结构时,通常将宾语变为被动句的主语,而宾语补足语就成为主语补足语。注意:省略to的不定式作宾补时,不定式符号to必须补上。例如:

SomeonesawhimswiminQianlingLakeyesterday.(变被动语态)

He__________________swiminQianlingLakeyesterday.

(填wasseento)

4.不定式的被动结构:动词不定式的被动语态为“tobe+过去分词”。例如:

Theradiosaysawildanimalzooisto______inourcity.

A.bebuilding

B.build

C.bebuilt

D.built

[C]

5.以疑问代词开头的疑问句转换成被动句时要注意词序:应将主动句中的疑问代词改为介词by的宾语,但仍然放在句子开头。例如:

Whohasbrokenthecup?(改为被动语态)

→Bywhomhasthecupbeenbroken?

E.注意区别

被动语态和过去分词作表语的区别:

1)含义不同:被动语态强调动作,重点说明动作由谁完成、怎样完成;而过去分词作表语通常用来描写情景,叙述人或事物的特征及所处的状态。试比较:

Thewindowisbroken.窗子破了。(系表结构)

Thewindowisbrokenbyhim.窗子被他打破了。(被动语态)

2)用法不同:过去分词作表语时可以被so,very,too等程度副词修饰,而被动语态则不能用so,very,too修饰,而需用much,verymuch,somuch,toomuch修饰。试比较:

Hewasveryinterestedinscience.他对科学有极大兴趣。(系表结构)

IwassomuchsurprisedatthescenethatIdidntknowwhattodo.我被那种场面搞得大吃一惊,不知所措。(被动语态)

F.牢记(相关)句型

初中教材中与被动语态相关的句型有:

1.becoveredwith被……覆盖

2.bemadeof由……制作(发生物理变化)

bemadefrom由……制作(发生化学变化)

bemadein由(某地)制造

bemadeby被(某人)制造

3.beusedfor被用来……

beusedas被当作(作为)……来使用

beusedtodosth.被用来做某事

4.Itissaidthat...据说……

Itishopedthat...希望……

Itiswellknownthat...众所周知……例如:

①—Yourcoatlooksnice.Isit______cotton?

—Yes.ItsShanghai.

A.madeof;madeby

B.madeof;madein

C.madefor;madeby

D.madefor;madein

[B]

②Thismachineisused______theroomwet.

A.forkeeping

B.askeeping

C.keep

D.tokeeping

[A]

③据说在南京长江上又在建一座桥。

__________________that____________isbeing______overtheChangjiangRiverinNanjing.

(填Itissaid;anotherbridge;built)

单项选择 

 I. 选出划线部分读音相异的词

 1.A.mindB.dinnerC.bridgeD.happily

 2.A.lotB.strongC.doctorD.front

 3.A.parkB.startC.largeD.quarter

 4.A.bornB.shortC.worldD.north

 5.A.footB.moonC.cookD.stood

 6.A.southB.thinC.eighthD.either

 II.选择填空

 7.LinTaois_______Class2,Grade3.

 A.ofB.onC.inD.at

 8.Mysister________herhomeworkeveryevening.

 A.doB.didC.doesD.doing

 9.Carsandbuses_______stopwhenthetrafficlightsturnred.

 A.canB.mustC.mayD.need

 10.---Imsorrytotroubleyou,MissGao.

---______.

 A.Thesametoyou.B.Fine,thanks.C.ThatsallrightD.Itdoesntmatter

 11.YoumaycallRobertThomasBrown.

 A.Mr.RobertB.Mr.ThomasC.Mr.Brown.D.Mr.RobertThomas

 12.Theneweveningdress_______her300yuan.

 A.spentB.tookC.payD.cost

 13.Jim______atthisschool____twoyearsago.

 A.hasbeen...forB.hasbeen...sinceC.havebeen...sinceD.havebeen...for

 14.Please____theradio.Itstooloud.

 A.turnoffturnonC.turndownD.turnup

 15.Mr.Blackcouldntbuy___manythings.

 A.heB.hisC.himselfD.himselves

 16.Couldyoutellme___thecomputer?

 A.howtouseB.tohowuseC.howuseD.howuseto

 17.Youdbetter___lateforthemeeting.

 A.nottoB.notbeC.nottobeD.not

 18.Brucestudies___Dick.

 A.sohardasB.asharderasC.ashardasD.ashardyas

 19.Myparents___teachersofmaths.

 A.allareB.areallC.bothareD.areboth

 20.----CouldIspeaktoMr.Smith,please?

 ----___.Hesgonetothepostoffice.

 A.IthinksoB.CertainlyyoucanC.ImafraidnotD.Imnotsure

 21.Theshopis____onweekdays.Butits____onweekends(周末).

 A.toopen...closedB.opens...closedC.open...closedD.opened...close

 22.Mybrotheraskedme___kite___.

 A.who...thiswasB.whose...thiswasC.whose...wasthisD.who...wasthis

 23.---___doyouwritetoyourmother?

--Onceamonth.

 A.HowsoonB.HowlongC.HowoftenD.Whattime

 24.Whosgoingto___careofthegardenwhileyouareaway?

 A.haveB.giveC.takeD.look

 25.TherearetwoChineseclassesonFriday,___?

 A.isthereB.arentthereC.arethereD.isntthere

 26.---Wouldyoulikeacupoftea?

---_______.

 A.Notatall.B.No,IwouldntC.No,thanksD.Yes,Ilikeit

 27.Doyouenjoy____popularmusic?

 A.tolistentoB.listeningtoC.tohearD.hearing

 28.Beforeyoudecidetobuyanewcoat,youmay___.

 A.tryitinB.tryinitC.tryonitD.tryiton

 29.Peopleplanttreestostopthesand__towardstherichfarmland.

 A.tomoveB.tomovingC.frommoveD.frommoving

 30.Thisjacket___cotton.

 A.makesofB.aremakeinC.ismadeofD.madein

 31.Theworkwas___difficult___ittookusquitealongtimetodoit.

 A.such...thatB.so...thatC.too...thatD.too...to

完型填空

AttheentrancetoabigofficeinLondontherewasabook.Allworkershadtowrite(1)when

they(2)eachmorning.Atnineoclock,themanager(经理)hadtodrawaredline(线)(3)

thelastnameinthebook,andanyonewhocameafterthathadtowritewhyhewas(4).When

therewasathick(5)inthecity,thefirstpersontoarrivelateusually(6)"Delayed(耽搁)by

fog"undertheredlineinthebook,andtheneverybody(7)whocameafterthetjustwrote"The

same".Butonefoggymorning,the(8)mantoarrivelatewrote"Mywifehadababyearlythis

morning"insteadof(代替)"Delayedbyfog"undertheredlineinthebook.Twenty(9)thirty

peoplewhocameafterwrote"(10)"asusual.

1.A.numbers B.times C.namesD.excuses

2.A.arrivedB.left C.gotup D.met

3.A.on B.beside C.aboveD.under 

4.A.out B.lateC.away D.sorry

5.A.rainB.fog C.snowD.traffic

6.A.foundB.understoodC.saidD.wrote

7.A.elseB.onlyC.or D.here

8.A.last B.first C.oldD.young

9.A.withB.of C.or D.but

10.A.NoB.YesC.OKD.Thesame

Passage1

WhenMartinwasalittleboy,helivedinthelittletown---Holthan.Atthattime,hethoughtthetownwasverybig.Well,Martincamebacktothetownlastnight,"Itsasmalltown!"hethought.

Thetownhaschangedverylittleinthepastfortyyears.ButMartinhaschangedalot.He

hasgrownintoaman.Histhought(思维)aremansthoughts.Heseesthingsthroughamans

eyes.Martinstayedinthetownforfivehours.Hewalkedfromstreettostreet,butheknew

nobody.WasHolthan,then,atownofstrangers(陌生人)?

No.Hesuddenlyunderstooditall.Onlyhewasastrangerofthetown.

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