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2013届中考英语语法冠词考点知识复习

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冠词
(一)知识概要
冠词在英语中只有3个词,分为两类:不定冠词a与an,定冠词the。a用在以辅音开始的单数名词前,an用于以元音开始的单词前。不定冠词用来表示一类事物中泛指的某一事物,而定冠词则用于特指的某一个或某些事物,可用于不可数名词、可数名词单数及可数名词复数前。
(二)正误辨析
[误]Thisbuildingisanuniversity.
[正]Thisbuildingisauniversity.
[析]a用于以辅音音素开始的单词前,而an用于以元音音素开始的单词前,而不是元音字母开头的单词前。university的第一个音素是[j],所以用a而不要用an。又如:Thereisa“n”intheword.是错句,应为:Thereisan“n”intheword.因字母n的发音的第一个音素是元音。要注意的还有hour因其第一个字母h不发音,所以应该用anhour。例如:
Ineedanhourtofinishthework.
Itisausefuldictionary.
ItisaEuropeancountry.
Iboughtausedcar.
[误]Ineedaumbrellabecauseitlookslikeraining.
[正]Ineedanumbrellabecauseitlookslikeraining.
[析]因umbrella的第一个音素是元音,所以应用an.常用的情况有:anoldman,anEnglishteacher,anelephant,anidea,anhourago,anhonestboy…。
[误]“Canyouhelpme”“Sorry,Iminhurry.”
[正]“Canyouhelpme”“Sorry.Iminahurry.”
[析]不定冠词的主要用法如下:?
1.用来表示一类人或事物,如:Sheisateacher.
2.指某一类人或事物中的一个,如:Anelephantisbiggerthanahorse.[来源
3.泛指某一人或事物,如:Amaniswaitingforyouattheschoolgate.
4.相当于“one”的概念,如:Ijustboughtanewdictionary.
5.其主要的难点是用在固定词组中:
如:haveawalk/arest/alook
又如:inahurry匆匆忙忙
makeaface作鬼脸
dosomebodyafavour帮某人忙
anumberof=many
又如:haveagoodtime(玩得好)
haveacold(感冒)
haveaheadache(头痛)
haveabreak=havearest
[误]Iboughtthedictionaryyesterday.Adictionaryisverygood.
[正]Iboughtadictionaryyesterday.Thedictionaryisverygood.
[析]在文章中第一次提到某物时用不定冠词,而第二次提到时用定冠词。?
[误]Pleaseturnofflightsbeforeyouleave.
[正]Pleaseturnoffthelightsbeforeyouleave.
[析]虽然是第一次提到某物但说话双方均知其所指,也应用定冠词。?
[误]Therearenineplanetsaroundasun.
[正]Therearenineplanetsaroundthesun.
[析]世上独一无二的天体等名词前应加定冠词,如:theearth,themoon,thesun,thesky,thesea.
[误]Iliveonasecondfloorofthisbuilding.
[正]Iliveonthesecondfloorofthisbuilding.
[析]在序数词,形容词最高级前要用定冠词。如:Heistheoldestinthefamily.
[误]Iwanttolearnthesecondlanguagethisterm.
[正]Iwanttolearnasecondlanguagethisterm.
[析]在序数词的含意不是顺序中的第一第二,而其意在于再学一个,再来一个时,应用a,本句的意思应为:这学期我要学一门第二外语。
[误]Mississippiisoneofthelongestriversintheworld.
[正]TheMississippiisoneofthelongestriversintheworld.
[析]在河流名称前应加定冠词,如:theYellowRiver(黄河)。
[误]Look,thereareAlp.
[误]Look,therearetheAlp.
[正]Look,therearetheAlps.
[析]具体的某一座山不加定冠词,如:MountainTai.但在山名称前加定冠词后,其山名要加s,来表示山脉。theAlps即为阿尔卑斯山脉。如:TheAlpsareinthecenterofEurope.
[误]Timesisoneoftheoldestnewspapersintheworld.
[正]TheTimesisoneoftheoldestnewspapersintheworld.
[析]报刊名称前应加定冠词。?
[误]Richarenotalwayshappy.
[正]Thericharenotalwayshappy.
[析]在形容词前加定冠词表示一类人,而在姓的前面加定冠词,姓后加s表示某一家,如:TheturnersaregoingtomovetoNewYork.
[误]Iliketoeatbreadforbreakfast.Breadsellsinthisshopisverygood.
[正]Iliketoeatbreadforbreakfast.Thebreadsellsinthisshopisverygood.
[析]物质名词特指时也应加定冠词。?
[误]Thesunrisesineast.
[正]Thesunrisesintheeast.
[析]在方向、方位前应用定冠词,如:intheeast,inthewest,inthenorth,inthesouth,inthedirection及inthepast,inthefuture
[误]Doyouknowwhoinventedtelephone
[正]Doyouknowwhoinventedthetelephone
[析]在特定和专有事物或名称前要加定冠词,?
如:theEnglishChannel英吉利海峡
thePanamaCanal巴拿马运河
theSuezCanal苏伊士运河
[误]Wouldyoupleasebuysomefoodforthesupper
[正]Wouldyoupleasebuysomefoodforsupper
[析]泛指一日三餐前无定冠词。?
[误]Iliketoclimbthemountainintheautumn.
[正]Iliketoclimbthemountaininautumn.
[析]一年四季前不用定冠词,如:Springisthebestseasoninayear.
[误]Sometimesmyparentscometoschooltoseeme.
[正]Sometimesmyparentscometotheschooltoseeme.
[析]有些名词被用作其本身原来所含目的时不加冠词,如:gotoschool上学,leaveschool(辍学),afterschool(放学),但如果当建筑物讲时应加冠词,如例句中其父母来校不是上学,而是看望孩子,则要加定冠词。又如,Hewasinhospitalfortwodays.(他在医院住院两天了。)而:Hewenttothehospitaltoseehismother.他去医院看望他的母亲。
[误]Iboughtasamedictionaryasshebought.
[正]Iboughtthesamedictionaryasshebought.
[析]在惯用法thesame,theonly,thevery前的定冠词不可换为不定冠词。
[误]Thepolicecaughtthethiefbyhisarm.
[正]Thepolicecaughtthethiefbythearm.
[析]这是英文表达法与中文的明显不同之处,也是初学者极易忽视之处。在英语中的某些动词,如:catch(抓),take(拿),strike(打),pat(拍),hit(击),hold(握),pull(拉)…动词后应加人,再加介词on,by,in,with…之后要加定冠词,再加人体的某一部位。这时的定冠词千万不要换作his,her,their,等词。
[误]Hewaspaidbyhour.
[正]Hewaspaidbythehour.
[析]by和计量单位之间要有定冠词。这句话应译为:他的工资是按小时计算的。
[误]IwenttoNewYorkbyhiscar.
[正]IwenttoNewYorkbycar.
[正]IwenttoNewYorkinhiscar.
[析]by仅仅与交通工具相连表示应用某种工具,而加了别的修饰词后其前面的介词也应作相应的转换。如:bycar(坐小汽车)bytaxi(坐出租车)bybike(骑自行车)bywater(乘船)byair(乘飞机)bysea(乘船)
[误]Marybegantolearnhowtoplaypianowhenshewasthree.
[正]Marybegantolearnhowtoplaythepianowhenshewasthree.
[析]在乐器前要加定冠词,而在球类游戏之前则不要加冠词,如:Theyliketoplaybridgewhentheyarefree.(他们空闲时爱打桥牌)
[误]Thelittleboywantedtogotocinema.
[正]Thelittleboywantedtogotothecinema.
[析]英语中虽有一些名词与goto连用时不加定冠词,以表示该名词的内涵,如:gotoschool(上学),gotobed(睡觉)等,但去看电影则例外,要用gotothecinema.这也是语言的一个特点。
[误]Iliveat105theLakestreet.
[正]Iliveat105LakeStreet.
[析]街道名称前不用冠词。?
[误]NextsummerholidayIwillgotocountrytoliveonafarm.
[正]NextsummerholidayIwillgotothecountrytoliveonafarm.
[析]country既作国家讲也作乡村讲。作乡村讲时,一定要加定冠词,而且只有单数形式,作国家讲时则可有复数形式。如:Japanisacountry.Japan,China,IndiaareAsiancountries.
[误]Thepicturelooksbetteratthedistance.
[正]Thepicturelooksbetteratadistance.
[析]atadistance意为“离开一定距离”。而inthedistance为“远方,远处”。这样常用的词组有:
asarule(照例)
inahurry(匆忙)
inthemorning/afternoon(上/下午)
inthesun(在阳光下)
intherain(雨中)
inthesameway(同样)
intheshade(在阴凉处)
inthedaytime(白天)
intheend(最终)
ontheotherhand(换句话说)
onthecontrary(相反)
[误]Thelittleboyandgirlwalkalongthestreetahandinahand.
[正]Thelittleboyandgirlwalkalongthestreethandinhand.
[析]这是英语中的习惯用法,如:?
bitbybit(逐渐)
dayafter(by)day(一天又一天)
dayandnight(日日夜夜)
facetoface(面对面)
fromAtoZ(自始至终)
fromtimetotime(再三)
handinhand(手拉手)
shoulderbyshoulder(肩并肩)
(三)例题解析
1MrLiis___oldworker.
AaBanCsomeD/
[答案]B.
[析]an用于元音音素开始的单词前。
2Englishis___usefullanguagein___world.
Aan,theBa,theCthe,/D/,the
[答案]B.
[析]因useful的第一个音素是[j],它是辅音音素。
3What___interestingbookitis?
AaBanCtheD/
[答案]B.
[析]这是感叹句,因为移到原一般句前面的强调部分中有可数名词book,所以应加冠词,而interesting的第一音素是元音所以要加an。
4Hewillbebackin___hour.
A/BtheCaDan?
[答案]D.
[析]因hour的首字母h不发音。
5Thereis___mapintheclassroom.___mapisonthewall.
Aa,ABthe,TheCa,TheDthe,A
[答案]C.
[析]在文章中首次提到某人或某物时用不定冠词,而第二次再提到该物或人时应用定冠词。
6Lookat___picture!Theres___houseinit.
Aa,aBthe,theCa,theDthe,aww
?[答案]D.
[析]虽然是第一次提到,但在句中的语言是让对方看某一特定的图画,所以应选择D。
7Thereis___orangeinthebottle.
AaBanCtheD/
?[答案]D.
[析]这里的orange是指桔汁而不是一个个的桔子。
8Beijingis___capitalofourcountry.
AtheBanC/Da
?[答案]A.
[析]capital之后有of结构则要用定冠词。
9IfyouworkhardatEnglish,youllget___“A”inthetest.
AanB/CtheDa
?[答案]A.
[析]因字母A的第一音素是元音。
10Heusuallygoestoschoolon___foot.
AaBanCtheD/
?[答案]D.
[析]onfoot意为走路上学,是习惯用法。

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2013年中考英语语法连词考点知识复习


教案课件是老师不可缺少的课件,大家应该要写教案课件了。在写好了教案课件计划后,这样接下来工作才会更上一层楼!你们到底知道多少优秀的教案课件呢?以下是小编为大家收集的“2013年中考英语语法连词考点知识复习”希望对您的工作和生活有所帮助。

连词
(一)知识概要?
连词是一种在句子与句子之间,短语之间以及名词等其他词语之间起连接作用的虚词,它不能单独作句子的成份。按其意义可分为并列连词和从属连词两大类。?并列连词连接的双方是对等的。常有的并列连词有and,both…and,either…or,neither…nor,notonly…butalso,aswellas等。但如果连接的两部分意义不趋向一致,意义有转折的并列连词有:but,however,while(而),only(只不过)。还有表示选择关系的并列连词,如:or,orelse,otherwise…再有的是连接双方,互为因果,或表示前因后果的连词有:for,so,therefore(因此),then等。?从属连词在初中范围内常常用来连接名词性从句,如:that,if,whether,其次用来连接状语从句。其中有原因状语从句,常用的连接词有:whenwhile,as,since,before,after,once,assoonas,until,till连接条件状语的连词有:if,unless,aslongas等,而原因状语的连接词有because,since,as,nowthat(既然)。目的、结果、方式、比较、地点等状语从句的连接词有:sothat,so…that,such…that,as…as,than,where…它们在句子与文章中几乎无处不见。?具体用法见下表。?
连词用法一览表
种类功用例句
并列连词连接具有并列关系的词HeknowsneitherEnglishnorFrench.
短语Areyougoingbybusoronfoot?
分句Marywasagoodgirl,butshehadoneshortcoming.
从属连词引导:状语从句Illdoitasyoutoldme.
Youwillbelateunlessyouhurry.
连接代词和连接副词主语从句Whathesaidprovedtrue.
Whenwellstarthasnotbeendecidedyet.
表语从句Thisiswhyhedidntcomeyesterday.
Thatiswherehelives.
宾语从句ThemanaskedmewhichIlikedbest.?
Icantunderstandwhysheissolate.
关系代词和关系副词定语从句Nicotineisadrugthatgetsoneintothehabitofsmoking.?
HecamelastnightwhenIwasout.
(二)正误辨析?
[误]Bothmyparentsarenothere.Theywenttotheconcertjustnow.?
[正]Neitherofmyparentsishere.Theywenttotheconcertjustnow.?
[析]在英语中both一般用于肯定句中,如用于否定句中,其意义也不同于汉语,如:Bothofusarenotright.在英语中应被理解为"我们俩不都对。"而Neitherofusisright。才能被理解为"我们俩无一正确"。?
[误]Heorhisparentshassometicketsforthefilm.?
[正]Heorhisparentshavesometicketsforthefilm.?
[析]由or连接两主语时,谓语动词应与相临近的那一个主语保持一致。?
[误]Youshouldstudyhard,andyouwontpasstheexam.?
[正]Youshouldstudyhard,oryouwontpasstheexam.?
[析]or作为连词,这里的意思为"否则"。又如:Hurryup,oryoullbelateforschool.
[误]Thoughheispoor,butheisreadytohelpothers.?
[正]Thoughheispoor,heisreadytohelpothers.?
[正]Heispoor,butheisreadytohelpothers.?
[析]"虽然……但是"是中文中的常用结构,但在英文中用了"虽然"则不要用"但是",用了"但是"则不能再用"虽然",二者只可用其一。?
[误]EitheryouorIareonduty.?
[正]EitheryouorIamonduty.?
[析]either…or连接两个主语时,其谓语动词与相临近的一个主语相呼应,这也叫作就近原则。类似的用法还有or,neither…nor,notonly…butalso等。?
[误]TomisourEnglishteacherandteachingEnglishinourschoolnow.?
[正]TomisourEnglishteacherandisteachingEnglishinourschoolnow.?
[析]并列句中常常在后面的句子中作一些省略,以免重复,但不是所有词都可作任意的省略的。当你连接的是两个系动词时,后面的那个系动词不可省略,也就是讲连接的部分不可省略。?
[误]Myfatherlikesswimmingandtocollectstamps.?
[正]Myfatherlikesswimmingandcollectingstamps.?
[析]由并列连词连接的两个部分要保持相等的语法结构。如是动名词则都用动名词,如用不定式则都应用不定式,这是初学者要注意的一点。?
[误]Myfatherisreadinganewspaper,Iamdoingmyhomework.?
[正]MyfatherisreadinganewspaperwhileIamdoingmyhomework.?
[析]两个并列句中间不可用逗号连接,要用并列连词来连接。?
[误]MyfatheraskedmethatifIwantedtolearnhowtodrive.?
[正]MyfatheraskedmeifIwantedtolearnhowtodrive.?
[析]宾语从句的连接词只能有一个不能重复使用。?
[误]WewillgobothtoBeijingandShanghai.?
[正]WewillgotobothBeijingandShanghai.?
[析]用both…and…作连接词时,其相连接的部分结构也要相同。?
[误]NotonlyMarybutalsoherbrothersisgoingtodance.?
[正]NotonlyMarybutalsoherbrothersaregoingtodance.?
[析]由notonly…butalso…连接两个主语时,其重点在其后面的那一个主语,所以谓语形式应采用就近原则。?
[误]Theteacheraswellashisstudentsarecoming.?
[正]Theteacheraswellashisstudentsiscoming.?
[析]由aswellas连接两个主语时,谓语动词与aswellas后面的名词无关,而与前面的名词相一致。?
[误]Tomdoesnotswimnorplayfootball.?
[正]Tomdoesnotswimorplayfootball.?
[析]nor主要用于连接句子的对等连词,如在否定句中连接某一部分时要用or,但要注意句子的含意,如:Thisanimaldoesnotlikeacoworahorse.这个动物既不像牛也不像马。Thisanimaldoesnotlikeacowbutahorse.这个动物不像牛而像马。?
[误]Forthereisnolightintheclassroom.Thestudentsmusthavegonehome.
[正]Thestudentsmusthavegonehome,forthereisnolightintheclassroom.
[析]由for引出的原因状语从句在使用时要注意不能将该从句置于句首,而应置于主句之后,并在主句与从句之间加一逗号。更要注意的是because,as,since与for4个表示原因的连词中because是因果关系,是最强的一个,而for是最弱的一个。有些语法书中干脆把for叫做并列连词
[误]MybrotherwillpasstheEnglishexamisnoquestion.?
[正]ThatmybrotherwillpasstheEnglishexamisnoquestion.?
[析]主语从句的引导词that是不可省略的。这一点不要和宾语从句的引导词相提并论。
[误]Thismapwillshowyouhowwillyougettothehotel.?
[正]Thismapwillshowyouhowyouwillgettothehotel.
[析]名词性从句作宾语从句使用时,最重要的一点是要用陈述语句。特别要注意的是那些使用双宾语的动词,如:tell,ask,show…?
[误]Whiletheclockstruchten,allthelightswentout.?
[正]Whentheclockstruckten,allthelightswentout.?
[析]while是强调两个动作在同时进行中,如:WhileIamdoingmyhomework,myfatherisreadinganewspaper.而这里的when是"正当某某时刻","就在这一时间点上",其重点强调在某一特定时刻某动作的发生。?
[误]WhileIwaswalkingalongthestreetyesterday,Imetanoldfriend.?
[正]WhenIwaswalkingalongthestreetyesterday,Imetanoldfriend.?
[析]这里用when表达在一个动作的进行中,另一个动作突然发生了。正在进行的动作用一进行时态,而突然发生的动作用一般时态。?
[误]WhileIheardthebadnewsIfeltsad.?
[正]WhenIheardthebadnews,Ifeltsad.?
[析]while不能表达一点儿的时间,即瞬时某一时间点。?
[误]Afterschoolsomestudentsplayfootball,orothersgotothelibrary.
[正]Afterschoolsomestudentsplayfootball,whileothersgotothelibrary.
[析]while在此处意为"而,然而"。?
[误]Shesangwhenshewalkedalongthedarkstreet.?
[正]Shesangasshewalkedalongthedarkstreet.?
[析]as用于句中时,其要点是强调两个动作的同时进行。这里用when虽然不能讲是语法上的错误,但则看不出来小女孩因独自走黑暗的街道因害怕而唱歌的心情。?
[误]Ifinishedmyhomeworkuntiltwelveoclocklastnight.?
[正]Ididntfinishedmyhomeworkuntiltwelveoclocklastnight.?
[正]Ididmyhomeworkuntiltwelveoclocklastnight.
[析]until用在句中时其含义是某一动作一直持续到某时结束,那么句中的动词则一定要用持续性动词,如果要用瞬间,或截止性动词时一定要用否定句式。因截止性动作的否定式应看作是持续性的动作。如离开leave是瞬间动作,因一出门即为离开了,而不离开则是长时间的。?
[误]IhavestudiedEnglishwhenIwastwelve.?
[正]IhavestudiedEnglishsinceIwastwelve.?
[析]since引出的时间状语从句是表达了一个时间点,而这个时间点是主句动作的启始点,所以主句一般要用完成时态。?
[误]Becausehedidntstudyhard,sohedidntpasstheexam.?
[正]Hedidntpasstheexambecausehedidntstudyhard.?
[析]because与so在英文中两者不能并用的,只能在句中用其一。?
[误]Hewassuchexcitedthathecouldnotspeak.
[正]Hewassoexcitedthathecouldnotspeak.?
[析]so与such的用法可以分为四种情况,①用于单数可数名词之前,其格式是such+不定冠词+形容词+单数可数名词,如:Itissuchabeautifulbookthateverychildlikesit.也可以用so,其格式是so+形容词+不定冠词+单数可数名词,如:Itwassobeautifulabookthateverychildlikesit.②在不可数名词前或可数名词复数前这时只能用such,如:Itissuchgoodweatherthatwewanttoswim.又如:Theyaresuchgoodstudentsthattheycanpasstheexameasily.③在few,little,much,many这4个字前只能用so而不能用such,如:IhavesomuchmoneythatIcanbuyeverythingIwant.④当that前只有形容词或副词时,这时只能用so,如:Sheissobeautifulthateveryonelikesher.HeransofastthatIcouldntkeepupwithhim.?
[误]Hegotupearlierthismorningsoastothathecouldcatchthefirstbus.
[正]Hegotupearlierthismorningsoastocatchthefirstbus.?
[正]Hegotupsoearlierthathecouldcatchthefirstbus.?
[析]so…that与sothat的用法有相同之处,那就是其后接从句,而soasto其后要接不定式,即动词原形。这样的词组还有:inorderto。?
[误]Iwanttobuysamestampthatyouhave.?
[正]Iwanttobuythesamestampasyouhave.?
[析]thesame…as(that)这是个固定用法,在same前的定冠词是不能少的。而thesame…that意为"我要的就是那一个"。而thesame…as为"要的是和……一样的东西"。
[误]BeforeIdonotgiveyoutheanswer,Illaskyousomequestions.?
[正]BeforeIgiveyoutheanswer,Illaskyousomequestions.?
[析]这种错误是由于受中文的影响。在中文中可以讲"我没给你答案前"。而英文用了before就不要再用否定句了。?
(三)例题解析?
1?WeboughtGrannyapresent,___shedidntlikeit.?
A.butB.and
C.orD.so?
[答案]A.?
[析]由于句意的原因,应选择转折连词。?
2?Runquickly,___wellmisstheearlytrain.?
A.andB.but
C.soD.or?
[答案]D.?
[析]or这里应译为:否则。?
3?Illgivethebooktohim___hecomesback.?
A.sinceB.assoonas
C.beforeD.until?
[答案]B.?
[析]assoonas引出的时间状语从句应用一般现在时表示将来要发生的动作。?
4?Dontcrosstheroad___thelightturnsgreen.?
A.whenB.while
C.untilD.as?
[答案]C.?
[析]until应译为"直到……才",因为前面的祈使句为否定句。又如:Shedidnotgotobeduntilhermothercameback.应译为"直到她妈妈回来她才睡觉"。?
5?MissGaohasbeenateacher___1990.?
A.beforeB.after
C.sinceD.in?
[答案]C.?
[析]因为主句为完成时,所以应用since表示该动作的启始点。?
6?-Whichwouldyoulikebetter,tea___milk??
-Tea,please.?
A.butB.and
C.orD.with?
[答案]C.?
[析]在疑问句与否定句中应用or来表示一种选择。?
7?Welovespring___theresbeautifulflowerseverywhere.?
A.thoughB.but
C.orD.because?
[答案]D.?
[析]因为这里表示的是因果关系。?
8?Pleaseleave___7∶00,thenyoullbeabletoget___thereearlier.?
A.till,inB.from,/
C.before,/D.behind,to?
[答案]C.?
[析]before为在7∶00之前离开。?
9?Theteacherdidntbeginthelesson___allthestudentsstoppedtalking.?
A.untilB.after
C.ifD.because?
[答案]A.?
[析]这句应译为"直到所有的学生都停止讲话老师才开始上课"。因begin为瞬间动词,所以应用否定句。?
10?Bettydidntgotoseethefilmyesterday___shewasill.
A.butB.until
C.ifD.because?
[答案]D.?
[析]这里是表示因果关系,所以应用because。因为她病了所以未去看电影。?
11?Youmuststartrightnow,___youllmissthetrain.?
A.forB.and
C.soD.or?
[答案]D.?
[析]or译为"否则"。本句句意为:你必须马上走了,否则要赶不上火车了。?
12?___heisachildofsix,hecanreadandwrite.?
A.WhoseB.If
C.ThoughD.Because?
[答案]C.?
[析]这种状语从句在英语中称为让步状语从句,应译为:虽然他才是个6岁的孩子,他却可以读书和写字。?
13?Ilikefish,___chicken,___eggs.?
A.and,andB.and,with
C./,andD.and,/?
[答案]C.
[析]在有若干个名词或动词出现时,每一个词之间只用逗号连接,只在最后两个词之间加and。如:Theoldmanpassedthestreet,wentintoashopandboughtsomefood。
14?Takethisdictionarywithyou___youmayuseitinclass.?
A.whenB.inorderto
C.butD.sothat?
[答案]D.?
[析]sothat应译为"为的是"。本句句义为:带上字典,为的是在上课时可能有用。而inorderto其后应接动词不定式,如:Takethisdictionarywithyouinordertouseitinclass。?
15?Ihope___willbefinetomorrow.?
A.itB.what
C.whetherD.when?
[答案]A.?
[析]hope后接的是宾语从句,而且宾语从句中少主语,应用it来代替天气。?
16?___shewasnotwell,Idecidedtogowithouther.?
A.ThoughB.As
C.WhenD.Becauseof?
[答案]B.?
[析]as这里应译为"由于"。全句意为:由于她不舒服,我决定不带她去了。而becauseof其后不能接从句只能接宾语。如:Becauseoftheheavyrain,wedecidednottogo。
17?Myauntboughtme___manystorybooksthatIspentalotoftimethem.?
A.such…onB.such…in
C.too…inD?so…on?
[答案]D.?
[析]因many前只能用so来修饰,所以只能选择D选项。而spend…onsomething为在某事上花费时间或钱。如:Shespentalotofmoneyonherclothes。?
18?Motherwascooking___she___aknockatthedoor.?
A.when,listentoB.while,listenedto?
C.while,heardD.when,heard?
[答案]D.?
[析]when在这里应译为:就在那时,那一刻,那一瞬间。?
19?Speakslowly,___wecanunderstandyou.?
A.andB.or
C.ifD.because?
[答案]A.?
[析]and这里是并列连词,应译为:请讲慢些这样我们就会明白你的意思。?
20?YoulllearnEnglishwell___youputyourheartintoit.?
A.ifB.so
C.untilD.or?
[答案]A.?
[析]本句译为:如果你将心放在学习上,你就会将英语学好。这里的语法现象是从句中用一般现在时表示将来。?
21?Iwontletyouin___youshowmeyourpass.?
A.untilB.for
C.sinceD.because?
[答案]A.?
22?Shedidntgotoschool___shewasill.?
A.whyB.because
C.whereD.but?
[答案]B.?

2013年中考英语语法代词考点知识复习


一般给学生们上课之前,老师就早早地准备好了教案课件,大家在认真准备自己的教案课件了吧。只有制定教案课件工作计划,可以更好完成工作任务!你们了解多少教案课件范文呢?为满足您的需求,小编特地编辑了“2013年中考英语语法代词考点知识复习”,供大家参考,希望能帮助到有需要的朋友。

代词
(一)知识概要
英语中代词可以分为人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、疑问代词、不定代词。?人称代词主要有主格和宾格之别。请看下表
人称我你他她它我们你们他们 
主格iyouhesheitweyouthey
宾格meyouhimheritusyouthem
物主代词分形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词两种。请看下表?
人称我的你的他的她的它的我们的你们的他们的
形容词性myyourhisheritsoursyourthey
名词性mineyourshishersitsoursyourstheirs
反身代词可见下表
人称我你他她它我们你们他们 
反身代词myselfyourselfhimselfherselfitselfourselvesyourselfthemselves
指示代词主要有this,that,these,those
疑问代词有:who,whomwhose,what,which,
还有疑问副词when,how,where,why。
不定代词在初中课本中主要有some,any,many,much,each,neither,other,another,all,both,one,none,either…
(二)正误辨析
[误]Tomsmotheristallerthanmy.
[正]Tomsmotheristallerthanmine.
[析]形容词性物主代词可以作定语,也就是讲它可以作形容词,如:mybook,而这句话的意思是:汤姆的妈妈比我的妈妈高。比较的对象是mymother,也就是mine。
[误]Wehavealotofhomeworktodotoday.Soweneedtwoorthreehourstofinishthem.
[正]Wehavealotofhomeworktodotoday.Soweneedtwoorthreehourstofinishit.
[析]在应用代词时,要注意人称,格与数的一致性。这里it所代替的是不可数名词homework,所以应用it。
[误]Heandyoushouldgotothelibrarytoreturnthebooks.
[正]Youandheshouldgotothelibrarytoreturnthebooks.
[析]这主要是英语习惯上的用法。当两个以上的人称代词并列时其排列顺序一般为you,he,she,I,而复数时为we,you,they:如男女并列时,应先男后女,如:Heandshe…如果在表示不好意思,承担责任时,单数时用,I,he,she,you,复数时用They,you,we,如:TomandIaregoodfriends.
You,heandImustgotoplaythegameforourteamthisafternoon.
We,youandtheyhavebeentherebefore.
I,heandyouhavetopayforit.
[误]Heorhisbrotherisdoingtheirhomework.
[正]Heorhisbrotherisdoinghishomework.
[析]由either…or,neither…nor,or连接两个主语时,如果两主语是单数时,用单数代词,如两主语是复数时,用复数代词,如:Eitherteachersorstudentswanttodotheirbesttohelptheoldman.如是一单一复两名词时,一般将单数名词放在前,复数名词放在后,要用复数代词,如:Theteacherorhisstudentswillcleantheirclassroomtogether.
[误]Hisbrotheristallerthanhim.
[正]Hisbrotheristallerthanhe.
[析]than是连词,其后应视为省略句,thanheis.所以要注意区分其主格与宾格的用法。
Ilikeyouasmuchasshe.
[正]Ilikeyouasmuchasher.
[析]as…as其后也应看作是省略句。应为asIlikeher.所以应用宾格。而第一句应译为我像她那样喜欢你。两句语法都是对的但含义不同。
[误]Myselfdidityesterday.
[正]Imyselfdidityesterday.
[正]Ididitmyselfyesterday.
[析]反身代词不可作主语,但可以用作主语的同位语。?
[误]Takecareofourselves.
[正]Takecareofyourselves.(yourself)
[析]祈始句的主语应看作第二人称you.
[误]Pleasebringyourdaughterwithyourself.
[正]Pleasebringyourdaughterwithyou.
[析]反身代词不能作介词宾语,除非是由不及物动词与介词组成的动词短语,如:Theoldwomanspoketoherself.
[误]Makeyourselfhome.
[正]Makeyourselfathome.
[析]这是英语中的习惯用法,意为“像在家里一样”。这样的用法还有:?
enjoyoneself玩得开心makeyourselfathome像在家中一样
helpyourselftosomething自己拿某物lostoneself迷路
seatoneself就坐dressoneself穿衣
[误]— Whosthisspeaking.— ThatsMary.
[正]— Whosthatspeaking.— ThisisMary.
[析]在电话用语中,this指讲话人自己,而that指对方。
[误]Thedaysinsummerarelongerthanthisinwinter.
[正]Thedaysinsummerarelongerthanthoseinwinter.
[析]在比较句中往往为了避免重复,可以用that或those取代前面提到的事物,如是单数时用that,复数时用those,如:TheweatherinBeijingishotterthanthatinChangChun.
[误]Itissoagoodbookthateveryonelikestoread.
[正]Itissuchagoodbookthateveryonelikestoread.
[正]Itissogoodabookthateveryonelikestoread.
[析]在可数名词单数时可用so+形容词+不定冠词+名词+that从句,也可用such+不定冠词+形容词+that从句。在不可数名词或可数名词复数时,只用such,如:ItissuchgoodweatherthatIwanttogoswimming.TheyaresuchgoodbooksthatIwanttobuythemall.在many,much,few,little这4个词前仅能用so,如:Shehassomuchmoneythatshecanbuyeverythingshewants.而在so与that之间仅存形容词时,则不能用such,如:Sheissosweetthateveryonelikesher.
[误]Iwanttobuyasamedictionaryasyours.
[正]Iwanttobuythesamedictionaryasyours.
[析]same与定冠词the是固定搭配不可更改。这样的用法还有allthesame(仍然)。
[误]— Ihopeshemightpasstheexam.— Idonthopeso.
[正]— Ihopeshemightpasstheexam.— Ihopenot.
[析]在作肯定回答时,Ithinkso.Ihopeso.Ibelieveso.但作否定回答时为:Idontthinkso.Ihope/believenot.
[误]— Hestudiedveryhardthisterm.—Soshedid.
[正]—Hestudiedveryhardthisterm.—Sodidshe.
[误]—Englishisdifficulttolearn.—Soisit.
[正]—Englishisdifficulttolearn.—Soitis.
[析]在对话中如果某一动作同时适用于两个主语,这时在答语中要用缩写且要用倒装句。如第一组句,即studiedhard既适用于he,也适用于she.但答语仅仅是对前句的重复,即仅仅是第一句的缩写时则不要用倒装句。如第二组句子为:英语难学。答语为:是的,难学。这时缩写的答语不要用倒装句。
[误]Everyoneshoulddoonesbest.
[正]Everyoneshoulddohisbest.
[析]one作代词时,它的复数形式是ones,所有格形式是ones,反身代词为oneself.如果讲Oneshoulddoonesbest.则是对句。如果one与别的词组成其他词,如:someone,anyone,everyone或onlyone则要用his/her,来作其所有格形式。
[误]—Whowonthegame?—None.
[正]—Whowonthegame?—Noone.
[析]由who提问的句子的否定回答中的简略说法是noone,而由Howmany提问的句子的否定回答中的简略语是None.如:Howmanybooksarethere?None.
[误]Therearemanytreesoneithersidesofthestreet.
[正]Therearemanytreesoneithersideofthestreet.
[正]Therearemanytreesonbothsidesofthestreet.
[析]either作代词时由两个含意,其一是两者中随便哪一个,如:Youcantakeeither.其二是两者中的每一个。但要注意的是either后要加单数名词,如果作主语则谓语动词也要用单数形式。
[误]EitheryouorIareright.
[正]EitheryouorIamright.
[析]在either…or,或neither…nor连接两个主语时,其谓语动词要与和其相近的那个主语相配。
[误]Ihavethreesisters.Neitherofthemisadoctor.
[正]Ihavethreesisters.Noneofthemisadoctor.
[析]neither用于两者中无一是,而none则用于多于两者中的人或事物无一是。
[误]HedoesntlikeBeijingopera.Idontliketoo.
[正]HedoesntlikeBeijingopera,Idontlikeeither.
[析]either作为“也”讲时,要用于否定句中,而too则用于肯定句中。
[误]Welikeboththislittleboy.
[正]Webothlikethislittleboy.
[析]both作同位语时,它在句中的位置有:在be动词之后,如:Wearebothstudents.在实意动词之前,如:Theparentsbothwanttogotothecinema.用于第一助动词之后,如:WehavebothreadtheseEnglishnovels.使用时要注意以下句子的实际含意:Bothofusarenotright.应译为:我们俩不都对。Neitherofusisright.才应译为:我俩都不对。又如:Icantgiveyoubothofthebooks.意为:两本书我不能全给你,而Icantgiveyoueitherofthebooks.才为:两本书我全不能给你。
[误]Weeachhasaticketfortheconcert.
[正]Weeachhaveaticketfortheconcert.
[析]each作句子主语时其谓语动词要用单数形式,如:EachofuswantstolearnEnglishwell,但each作同位语时,则应以原名词的数为准。
[误]Everyofushastopasstheexam.
[正]Eachofushastopasstheexam.
[析]every只可作形容词,不可作代词,而each既可作形容词,又可作代词,在作形容词时each侧重强调个体,而every则侧重于全体。
[误]Everyoneofusshoulddohouseworktwohoursaday.
[正]Everyoneofusshoulddohouseworktwohoursaday.
[析]everyone不可与of结构相连接使用,而everyone则可以这样用。
[误]IshouldreadEnglisheveryday.
[正]IshouldreadEnglisheveryday.
[析]要注意的是everyday是“每天”,而everyday则是形容词为“日常的”。如:everydayEnglish日常英语,everydaylife日常生活。
[误]Therearetreesoneverysidesofthestreet.
[正]Therearetreesoneachsideofthestreet.
[析]every用于三者或三者以上的每一个,而each用于二者或二者以上的每一个。因为街道只有两侧,所以只能用each而不能用every.
[误]Allmyparentsareengineers.
[正]Bothmyparentsareengineers.
[析]all用于三者或三者以上的全部,而both则用于两者的全部。
[误]Allofstudentsmightmakesomemistakes.
[正]Allofthestudentsmightmakesomemistakes.
[正]Allstudentsmightmakesomemistakes.
[析]非特指的名词前可用all但不可用allof结构,也就是讲allof结构后面的名词前一定要有定冠词。其他与all有关的习惯用法还有:
alltheyearround,allweek,allday,allwinter
[误]Theallvillagewasflooded.
[正]Allthevillagewasflooded.
[析]all作修饰语时要用在所有修饰词之前。
[误]Thepostofficeisonothersideofthestreet.
[正]Thepostofficeisontheothersideofthestreet.
[析]单数可数名词如在泛指某一个时用another,而特指时则要用theother,因街道只有两边,而不在这边必定是在另一边,所以要用特指。请参考下表的用法以便于记忆。
 单数复数
泛指another形容词作定语作名词
another代词otherothers
特指theother形容词
theother代词
theothertheothers
[误]TherearetenstudentshereWherearetheothersstudents?
[正]Therearetenstudentshere.Wherearetheothers?
[正]TherearetenstudentshereWherearetheotherstudents?
[析]theothers=theotherstudents.
[误]Theoldmanhastwosons.Oneisateacher,anotherisadoctor.
[正]Theoldmanhastwosons.Oneisateacher,theotherisadoctor.
[析]another用于泛指,如:Isitfarfromheretothestation?Imsorry.Ihavenoidea.Onemaysayitisquitenear;anothermaysayitisfarfromhere.但在特指时则要用theother.它可以用作定语,theotherone,也可以用作代词theother,但theother用作代词时它的含意一定是单数。如果指三者或者三者以上的情况时,则要用one…another…theother.或者one…asecond…thethird…
[误]Somepeoplelikesports.Theotherslikereading.
[正]Somepeoplelikesports.Otherslikereading.
[析]在泛指的复数名词前用some…others…others…来表示某些人……某些人……某些人……。
[误]Pleaseremembertowatertheflowerseachotherday.
[正]Pleaseremembertowatertheflowerseveryotherday.
[析]everyotherday为每隔一天。是习惯用法,不要随意改动。又如:ontheotherhand另一方面。
[误]Manyknowhim,butfewlikeshim.
[正]Manyknowhim,butfewlikehim.
[析]few用于可数名词,意为几乎没有,但few作主语时谓语动词则要用复数形式,而afew为有一些。
[误]Youhavefewfriends,haventyou?
[正]Youhavefewfriends,haveyou?
[析]little与few用于句中时,均要按否定句看待。
[误]Muchofwhatyousaidaretrue.
[正]Muchofwhatyousaidistrue.
[析]much用于不可数名词,作主语时用单数谓语动词。而many用于可数名词,它作主语时用复数形式的谓语动词。
[误]Thisroomisenoughlargeforthestudentstolivein.
[正]Thisroomislargeenoughforthestudentstolivein.
[析]enough可以用作代词,如:Thereisenoughofthefood.又如:Enoughhasbeendoneforthework,但enough还可以作形容词来修饰名词,这时enough可以放在名词之前,也可放在名词之后,如:moneyenough与enoughmoney都是对的。但当enough作副词修饰形容词时,则只能置于形容词之后了。
[误]Iwantanybookstoread.Doyouhaveany?
[正]Iwantsomebookstoread.Doyouhaveany?
[析]按照语法any用于疑问句和否定句,而some用于肯定句。
[误]Wouldyoulikeanythingtodrink?
[正]Wouldyoulikesomethingtodrink?
[析]在由wouldyoulike发出的问句中,表达了说话者真心实意要为对方提供些饮料,或在说话者想得到对方的肯定答复时,在疑问句中要用some而不用any。
[误]Someonewanttomeetyou.
[正]Someonewantstomeetyou.
[析]不定代词应被看作单数,即使用and连接两个不定代词,也要看作单数,如:?Anyoneandeveryonehastheright.任何人,每一个人都有这样的权力。
[误]NewYorkismuchcolderinwinterthanbefore.
[正]ItismuchcolderinNewYorkinwinterthanbefore.
[析]it常常用在英文的句子中来代表时间、距离、天气、自然现象,或用在句中作形式主语或宾语,如:
Itistenoclocknow.(代时间)
Itisfarfromheretotheairport.(代距离)
Itisveryhot.(代天气)
ItisverydifficulttolearnEnglishwell.(作形式主语)
Wefounditverydifficulttoanswerthequestion.(作形式宾语)
[误]Becareful.Dontdrinktoomany.
[正]Becareful.Dontdrinktoomuch.
[析]这里much所代的应是饮料或水,所以应为不可数名词。
(三)例题解析
1Theseare___books.Yoursareoverthere.
AIBmyCmeDmine?
[答案]B.
[析]这里应用形容词性物主代词。?
2—___isshe?
—Sheisateacher.
AWhatBHowCWhoDWhere?
[答案]A.
[析]这里的四个疑问词放在问句中全都成立,但其意义不同。Whatisshe?应译为“她的工作是什么?”或“她是做什么的?”而Howisshe?应译为“她身体如何?”而Whoisshe?应译为“她是谁?”其答语应为“她叫什么名字。”而Whereisshe?应为“她在什么地方?”由答语决定了这道题的选择。
3___iswrongwithmywatch.Ithasstopped___.
ASomething,workingBSomething,towork
CAnything,workingDAnything,towork?
[答案]A.
[析]因为是肯定句所以应用Something,其后由于表停止工作了,则stop后要用动名词。
4Mary,help___tothebananas,please.
AyouByourCyourselfDyourselves?
[答案]C.
[析]helponeselftosomething为“自己拿某物”。yourself为“你一个人”,而yourselves为“你们”。
5—___doyougotoschooleveryday?
—Bybus.
AHowBWhyCWhenDWhere?
[答案]A.
[析]这题的答案是由问句决定的。?
6Myskirtis___popularthan___.
Amuch,herBmuch,hersCmore,herDmore,hers?
[答案]D.
[析]因句中有than,所以应选用比较级,而than后要选用名词性物主代词。
7—CanyouspeakEnglish?
—Yes,butonly___.
AfewBafewClittleDalittle
[答案]D.
[析]因会讲某种语言的多少要用alittle,把它看作不可数名词对待,此答语为:是的,但仅仅会讲一点。
8Mr. Smithisanoldfriendof___.
AIBmeCmyDmine?
[答案]D.
[析]这里应选名词性物主代词,这也是英语的一种习惯用法,而不要选择my。
9“___doyouhearfromyourparents?”
“Aboutonceamonth.”
AHowlongBHowmany
CHowoftenDHowmuch?
[答案]C.
[析]Howoften问的是某一动作发生的频率,即在单位时间内发生多少次。
10MrGreenwouldntsay___atthemeeting.
AeverythingBnothingCanythingDsomething?
[答案]C.
[析]在否定句中应用anything
11“Mum,Annscomingtonight.Letsgiveher___toeat.”
“Goodidea!”
AanythingniceBniceanything
CsomethingniceDnicesomething?
[答案]C.
[析]肯定句中用something而不用anything,不定代词的修饰词应放其后而不要放在其前面。
12—Whenshallwemeet,thiseveningortomorrowevening?
—Idontmind.___timeisOK.
ASomeBNeitherCEitherDBoth?
[答案]C.
[析]因如选用both则名词要用复数名词,也要用复数谓语动词,由于答语前有Idontmind则决定不能选择neither.
13Thisisnotherkite, but___.
AhesBhimCheDhis?
[答案]D.
[析]要注意“他的”名词性物主代词与形容词性物主代词是同形的。?
14Dontworry,Mum!___newsisgoodnews.Imsuredaddywillcomebacksoon.
ANoBManyCThoseDTwo
?[答案]A.
[析]这是一条谚语,即没有消息就是好消息。?
15Maryhassixapples.Herbrotherhasthree.Shehas___applesthanhe.
AfewBmanyCmoreDfewer?
[答案]C.
[析]由于是比较级,根据题意应选“多于”而不是“少于”。?
16Thereisnt___intodaysnewspaper.
Aanythinginteresting
Bsomethinginteresting
Cnothinginteresting
Dinterestinganything
[答案]A.
[析]由于句子是否定句,应选择anything,而且不定代词的修饰语应放在其后面。
17September10this___Day?
ATeacherBTeachersCTeachersDTeachers
[答案]D.
[析]教师节TeachersDay,儿童节ChildrensDay,妇女节WomensDay
18—InEngland,peopleeatalotof“takeaway”food.Whataboutpeopleinyourcountry?
—___
ASowedo.BWedoso.CSodowe.DWesodo.?
[答案]C.
[析]在答语中用简略方式表达上文的一个动作同样适用于另一个主语时,则要采用倒装句,但如果仅仅是对上句的重复则不要倒装。?
19—Shallwegointothatshopandhavealook?
—Sorry.Iwont.Ihave___todothere.
AeverythingBanythingCsomethingDnothing?
[答案]D.
[析]这个答案的选择应由上下两句对话内容作出决定。?
20—Oh,dear!Whobroketheglass?
—___Sam___Bruce.Itwasthecat.
ABoth,andBNot,butCNeither,norDEither,or?
[答案]C.
[析]neither…nor意为既不……也不……
21Thestudentsarehavingagoodtimeinthepark.Somearedrawingbythelake.___areclimbingthehill.
AOthersBOtherCAnotherDTheother
?
[答案]A.
[析]这里因为是代替复数名词,所以应用名词性的复数代名词。?
22Sheisnotanurse.Imnot___.
AalsoBeitherCneitherDtoo?
[答案]B.
[析]在否定句中该用either,而不用too和also.
23Ihavetwopencils.Oneisred,___isblue.
AtheotherBanotherCothersDtheothers?
[答案]A.
[析]两者中的另一个应为特指。而且应为单数形式的代名词。而another是泛指单数代名词。others是泛指复数代名词,而theothers是特指复数代名词。
24Sorry,Icantansweryourquestion.
Iknow___aboutthesubject.
AlittleBalittleCfewDafew?
[答案]A.
[析]中文讲我对此知道的不多,而英文中要用little。其含意为否定句。
25Mysisterdoesntlikeskating___.
ASodoIBSoIdont
CNeitherIdontDNeitherdoI?
[答案]D.
[析]这是表达上面否定句中的动作,也同样不适合
于第二个人。所以要用neither,并要采用倒装句。
26Yesterdaymorningtherewereonlythreeboysinourroom,___.
Ayou,heandIBI,youandhe
Che,IandyouDyou,Iandhe?
[答案]A.
[析]这是若干人称代词并列时的顺序问题。请参看辨析中的例子。?
27Allthestudentsarebusy,so___ofthemwillgototheconcert.
AmanyBlittleCafewDfew?
[答案]D.
[析]student为可数名词。
28Theteachergave___studentanewbook.
AnobodyBbothCeachDany?
[答案]C.
[析]both其后的名词应为复数,而any用于疑问句和否定句中只有each可以修饰单数可数名词。
29Blackisneitherateacher___aworker.
AorBeitherCnorDand?
[答案]C.
[析]neither…nor为“既不……也不……”的固定搭配。
30Ourteachergaveus___onstudying.
AmanyadvicesBsomeadvices
CanadviceDsomeadvice?
[答案]D.
[析]advice为不可数名词。some可用于可数或不可数名词之前。
31Therearetwoforeignfriendsinthepark.One___isfromJapan,isfromAmerica.
AotherBothersCtheotherDtheothers?
[答案]C.
[析]因为是两者中的一个,所以另一个应用单数特指代词。?
32Arethere___onthetable?
AsomecupsBanycupCsomecupDanycups?
[答案]D.
[析]此句是疑问句,应用anycups,因提问时的be动词用的是are。
33Ivejustboughtfivestamps.OneisaGermanstamp,___areAmericanstamps.
AtheotherBtheothersCotherDothers?
[答案]B.
[析]此空应填入主语。又因其范围已定,所以应选特指的代名词。theother只能用作单数,而others是泛指复数代名词,故只能选B。
34Itwas___finedaythattheywenttothepark.
AasoBsoaCsuchaDasuch?
[答案]C.
[析]在单数可数名词前可以有两种表达法,即such+不定冠词+形容词+可数名词单数形式,如:suchagoodday,或者用so加形容词+不定冠词+可数名词单数,如:sogoodaday.
35Atthattimethetrainwasslowandnoisy.So___peoplelikedtakingtrains.
AlittleBalittleCfewDafew?
[答案]C.
[析]这是英文的表达法与中文不同之处。中文讲只有少数人喜欢坐火车,英文要选用“few”。
36Wemusthelpandunderstandeach___.
AotherBanotherCothersDtheother?
[答案]A.
[析]eachother意为“互相”,是习惯用语。
37___isdifficulttowalkonthemoon.
AManBOneCThatDIt?
[答案]D.
[析]这里的真正主语应为不定式towalkonthemoon.而形式主语只能用it.
38Janehassentseveralletters,but___ofthemhavebeenanswered.
AallBbothCeitherDnone?
[答案]D.
[析]severalletters意为“若干信件”,应看作多于两者,则在A、D中作选择,仅D符合句意。
39Idontknow___aboutthenewheadmaster.
AsomethingBeverythingCnothingDanything?
[答案]D.
[析]否定句中应用anything.
40___ofthestudentsinthewholeclasscoulddothisphysicsquestion.
ANoBNoneCNotDNeither?
[答案]B.

中考英语语法考点知识复习:指示代词


老师会对课本中的主要教学内容整理到教案课件中,大家在认真写教案课件了。只有制定教案课件工作计划,可以更好完成工作任务!你们了解多少教案课件范文呢?下面是由小编为大家整理的“中考英语语法考点知识复习:指示代词”,供您参考,希望能够帮助到大家。

2012年中考英语考点19指示代词

表示“这个”,“那个”,“这些”,“那些”等意思的代词叫做指示代词。指示代词分单数(this/that)和复数(these/those)两种形式

1、指示代词用法:

(1)作主语:

Thisisthewaytodoit.这事儿就该这样做。

ThisiswhatIwanttoemphasize.这就是我想强调的。

Thisisachair.这是一把椅子。

ThatisLindasbook.这是琳达的书。

Whosepensarethose?那些是谁的钢笔。

(2)作宾语:

Weshouldalwayskeepthisinmind.我们应当经常记住这一点。

Ilikethisbetterthanthat.我喜欢这个甚至那个。

Haveyoureadthis?你读过这个吗?

Ilikethesebutshelikesthose.我喜欢这些,而她喜欢那些。

(3)作表语:

Mypointisthis.我的观点就是如此。

Herplanisthis.她的计划是这样的。

Hisworriesarethose.他的烦恼就是那些。

(4)作定语:

Youcantswimatthistimeoftheyear.你不能在这个时候游泳。

Idontlikethatman.我不喜欢那个人。

Wemustgettoknowthesetricksoftheirs.我们必须懂得他们这一套鬼花招。

2、指示代词的用法区别

(1)this和these一般指在空间和时间上较近的事物,that和those一般指在空间和时间上较远的事物。

例:ThisisamapofChinaandthatisamapoftheworld.

这是一张中国地图,那是一张世界地图。

Pleasecomethisway.Wellgoinbythatdoor.请这边走,我们从那扇门进去。

Inthoseyeartheyledahardlife.在那些岁月里,他们生活得很艰难

2)this和these常指后面将要讲到的事物,有启下的作用,that和those常指前面已经讲到过的事物,起承上的作用。

例:Ishallsaythistoyou:heisanhonestman.我将对你说这一点:他是一个诚实的人。

Hefeltill.Thatiswhyhedidntcome.他病了,那就是他没来的原因。

Hebroketheglass,andthatcosthimfivedollars.他打破了玻璃,那花费了他5美元。

(3)that和those有时可用来代替前面提到过的东西,以避免重复这个名词:

Thesemachinesarebetterthanthoseweturnedoutlastyear.这些机器比我们去年生产的好。

Theoiloutputin1988wasmuchhigherthanthatof1986.1988年的石油产量比1986年高很多。

ThehistoryofChinaisasinterestingasthatofRussia.中国的历史同俄国的历史一样有趣。

(4)在电话中,this表示打电话者,that表示接电话的对方。

例:A:Hello!ThisisBob(speaking).喂,我是鲍勃。

B:Whosthatplease?请问是哪位?(美语用Whosit?或Whosthis?)

3、such也是一个指示代词,在句子中可用作:

(1)定语:

Wehavehadsuchabusyday.我们今天忙得真够呛。

Idon’tlikesuchweather.我不喜欢这样的天气。

(2)主语:

Suchwasmyimmediateimpression.这就是我当时的印象。

Sucharetheresults.结果就是如此。

(3)表语:

Hisillnesswasnotsuchastocauseanxiety.他的病还不至于使人焦虑不安。

4、same也可以看作指示代词,在句中能作定语、主语、表语或宾语:

Shesaidthesamethingalloveragain.她把同样的话又说了一遍。

Thesamemaybesaidofhisbrother.他弟弟也有这种情形。

Ourviewsarethesame.我们的看法是相同的。

“HappyNewyear!”“Thesametoyou!”“新年好!”“新年好!”

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