每个老师为了上好课需要写教案课件，大家应该开始写教案课件了。教案课件工作计划写好了之后，才能够使以后的工作更有目标性！有没有好的范文是适合教案课件？小编特地为大家精心收集和整理了“2018年高考英语备考资料：阅读理解答题“先文后题”还是“先题后文””，大家不妨来参考。希望您能喜欢！

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扩展阅读

邓稼先

邓稼先
教学目标
1.学习邓稼先的感人事迹，培养学生的民族自豪感和为祖国的繁荣、民族强盛而献身的精神。
2.学习通过对比表现人物的方法。
3.理清作者思路，了解文章结构特点，探究文章在记叙基础上议论、抒情的特点。
4.理解体会“鞠躬尽瘁，死而后已”，“当之无愧”等词语在评价人物中的作用。
教学重点
1.了解邓稼先生平，学习他伟大的抱负和精忠报国的伟大精神。
2.本文通过对比刻画人物的写法，记叙基础上议论、抒情的方法。
教学难点
1.本文通过对比表现人物的方法。
2.在记叙基础上议论、抒情的特点。
教学设备：多媒体
教学课时：二课时
自学内容：
1.阅读课文，理解记忆重要注释，利用工具书查找生字词。
2.借助注释，资料，理解《吊古战场文》、《中国男儿》两个古诗文小段。
3.尽可能多搜集邓稼先轶事及图片。
第一课时
课时目标
1.介绍邓稼先生平事迹，了解作者。
2.概括六部分的主要内容，体会内在联系。
3.画出文章议论、抒情的句子，体会其特点。
教学过程
一、导入：[幻灯片1]前国防部长张爱萍将军的诗──踏遍戈壁共草原
三十五年前
连克千重关
群力奋战君当先
捷音频年传
蔑视核讹诈
华夏创新篇
君视名利如粪土
许身国威壮河山
哀君早辞世
功勋泽人间
问：谁读过这首诗？你知道是歌颂、悼念谁的吗？（邓稼先）
[幻灯片2]文章标题──邓稼先及照片
问：谁搜集到了这位科学家的故事及图片，请谈谈或展示出来。
师生交谈、展示。
[幻灯片3]再展示几幅邓稼先工作照，请大家欣赏。
师生共同总结：邓稼先是个什么样的人？
[幻灯片4]
邓稼先──科技工作者的骄傲
　──两弹元勋
　──两弹一星功勋
　──中华民族核武器事业的奠基人和开拓者
[幻灯片5]（补充资料──教师搜集，帮助学生进一步加深了解邓稼先并结合注释了解作者）
1.在一次原子弹爆炸失败后，为了找到真正的原因，邓稼先一个人走进了那片地区──那片意味着死亡之地。他很快找到了核弹头，用手把它捧着，走了出来。最后证明是降落伞的问题。就是这一次，伏下了他死于射线之下的死因。
2.邓稼先有病后，仍坚持回到核试验基地。在步履艰难之时，他坚持要自己去装雷管，并首次以院长的权威向周围的人下命令：“你们还年轻，你们不能去！”
二、整体感悟
速读训练：迅速浏览课文，概括各部分大意，思考其中的联系。（学生积极讨论，畅所欲言，最后师生总结）
[幻灯片6]
1.展示背景──邓稼先是一位对祖国、对民族的发展有着巨大贡献的科学家。
2.简介邓稼先生平经历和巨大贡献。
3.把邓稼先与奥本海默对比，凸现邓稼先的人品，揭示出它能领导大家做出历史性贡献的原因。
4.作者为邓稼先成功地领导原子弹工程，自力更生，获得巨大成就感到骄傲。
5.高度赞扬了邓稼先在极端困难条件下，对所从事工作的坚定、执著与勇敢。
6.对邓稼先的总评价──赞歌、挽歌。
三、品味研读
以第三部分为范例，探究在记叙基础上议论、抒情的好处：
1.以上语句或语段，大多运用议论、抒情表达方式，因而具有高度的概括力，在表达作者的“至情”方面具有重要作用。现在，我们通过第三部分的探究来认识这一点。找出第三部分第九、第十两段中的关键词语，说明这些词语各自概括了这一部分的那些内容，说一说这样表达思想感情有什么好处。
2.四人合作小组讨论4—5分钟，然后组织全班讨论交流。
3.教师在学生讨论过程中评议、肯定：中国“传统文化”孕育的──概括并赞美邓稼先“忠厚平实、真诚坦白、朴实”。“奉献精神”，“理想党员”──概括并赞美邓稼先“最不要引人注目，没有私心”。品格使人们绝对相信他：说服两派继续工作，制成氢弹；说服工宣队、军宣队队员。
此处通过议论使人物形象进一步升华，血肉也更丰满，突出了邓稼先高尚的人格魅力。
第二课时
课时目标
1.学习通过对比表现人物的方法。
2.体会作者思路，了解文章结构特点。
3.体会“鞠躬尽瘁，死而后已”等词语在文中的画龙点睛作用。
教学过程
一、师生一起继续品读研究课文。
结合课文，理解下列高度评价邓家先的重要词语，体会其在议论、抒情中的作用。
1.品读词语
（1）元勋：立大功的人。
（2）鞠躬尽瘁，死而后已：兢兢业业，不辞辛劳，直到死了为止。形容辛勤地贡献自己的一切。鞠躬：弯着身子，表示恭敬谨慎。尽瘁：竭尽劳苦；瘁：辛劳。已：止。
（3）当之无愧：当得起某种称号或荣誉，没有愧色。当：承当，承受；无愧：不惭愧。
（4）鲜为人知：很少有人知道。鲜，少。
（这几个词虽简单，但是他也从不同侧面表现、刻画了邓稼先这位伟大的科学家。要求学生把这些词语与文句及这位大科学家的人品结合起来。）
2.品读写作手法
有感情的朗读课文一、三部分，完成下列各题：
（1）在写邓稼先之前，为什么先概述我国一百多年来的历史？（先概述我国近一百多年来的历史，是为了说明邓稼先是对中华民族从“任人宰割”到“站起来了”这一巨大转变做出巨大贡献的科学家，是对历史的发展产生巨大影响的历史人物。此种手法，超凡脱俗，别具匠心，增强了出场人物的使命感。）
（2）为什么把邓稼先与奥本海默对比着写？（课文把邓稼先与奥本海默对比着写，有烘托作用。奥本海默出类拔萃，是美国一流核物理专家，在世界早有声望。此处对比，不仅说明邓稼先的贡献与奥齐名，还比他多了好多优秀品质。旨在更生动形象的表现出邓稼先的人格魅力，更鲜明地突出邓稼先的坚毅和奉献精神，就自然而然地得出结论：“邓稼先是中国几千年传统文化所孕育出来的有最高奉献精神的儿子。”“是中国共产党的理想党员。”）
3.品读精典语句
（1）“邓稼先是中国几千年传统文化所孕育出来的有最高奉献精神的儿子。”“邓稼先是中国共产党的理想党员。”试阐释这两句话。
（“邓稼先是中国几千年传统文化所孕育出来的有最高奉献精神的儿子。”是指邓稼先与锋芒毕露的奥本海默截然不同，“是一个最不要引人注目的人物”，“忠厚平实”，“真诚坦白，从不骄人”，“没有小心眼儿，一生喜欢‘纯’字所代表的品格”，“最有中国农民的朴实气质”。中国几千年传统文化就讲究人与人之间关系和谐，和睦相处，讲究为人忠厚、谦虚、真诚、朴实。邓稼先汲取了中国传统文化中这些优秀的部分，并变成了自己的气质品格。“邓稼先是中国共产党的理想党员”，是指“他没有私心，人们绝对相信他”，“文革”中能说服两派群众组织，能说服工宣队、军宣队。中国共产党的宗旨就是全心全意为人民服务，就是领导、团结广大人民一起前进，邓稼先就是把这些奉为自己的行动准则，因此他是理想党员。）
二、归纳、总结
结构特点
1.这是一篇回忆性散文。作者采用“横式结构法”，巧立主题式的小标题，运用“板块”并列的结构，一枝多花，色彩纷呈，将邓稼先的生平事迹和杰出贡献放在广阔的社会文化背景中，从多角度多侧面展示人物的性格和优秀品质，使人物形象显得悲壮而豪迈，伟大而崇高，读来令人仰止。
文章主旨
2.这篇文章的主旨是什么？
这篇文章歌颂了邓稼先忠厚谦虚、真诚朴实的思想品格以及为了中华民族的崛起，身负重任，身先士卒，不怕牺牲的奉献精神。
备用幻灯片：（如果学生对《吊古战场文》理解确有难度，可出示）
广大呀，广大呀！空旷的沙漠无边无际，辽阔的荒漠不见人烟。河水象飘带一样弯曲流动。群山像犬牙一样交错在一起。幽暗啊悲惨凄凉，明风悲号，天日昏黄。飞返折断，百草枯死，寒冷得如霜冻的早晨，各种飞身无处可栖，在天上乱窜，许多怪兽争斗激烈，失群狂奔。亭长告诉我说：“这里是古战场啊！常常有失败的一方全军都夜没在这里，时常能听到鬼哭的声音，每逢天阴的时候，就会听得更加清楚。”
此段文字，突出了邓稼先艰苦的工作环境，为刻画人物张本。
教学反思：
本文不同于一般的人物传记，其深刻的思维，广阔的视角所具有的表现力需要学生有丰富的历史文化积累，我在教学中针对七年级学生的年龄特点和认知水平，通过小组学习等多种自主学习的形式，让学生在交流、合作与探究中，对于文章内容及关键语句有更深的理解，从而帮助学生理解人物形象，感受邓稼先身上所表现出来的人格魅力。在理解人物形象的同时，随着学生对于课文内容理解的深入，凸显文章的语言特点，从而理解对比、排比等手法的应用对于展现人物形象的重要作用。

2010年中考英语备考名师精品资料――阅读理解

2010年中考英语备考名师精品资料――阅读理解

一、解题策略指导

阅读理解能力测试的主要要求是：

1．读材料的主旨和大意，以及用以说明主旨和大意的事实和细节。

2．既理解具体的事实，也理解抽象的概念。

3．既理解字面的意思，也理解深层次的含义，包括作者的态度，意图等。

4．既理解某句，某段的含义，也理解全篇的逻辑关系，并据此进行推理和判断。

5．既能根据所提供的信息去理解，也能结合中学生应有的常识去理解。

中考英语阅读理解题主要是考查考生综合运用所学语言知识的能力，包括阅读能力、理解能力、归纳概括能力、逻辑推理能力以及对材料的评价能力等。

试题中所选的阅读文章题材多样化，涉及政治经济、社会文化、风俗习惯、历史地理、科学技术等各个方面。(这要求学生平时对各方面的知识都有所积累，做个有心人)体裁多样化，包括记叙文、说明文、议论文、应用文以及新闻报道、广告、通知、操作说明、表格(要求学生能看懂这类阅读材料尤其是时下出题的趋势)等各种文体。它要求考生阅读理解准确度高、阅读速度快。

大致来说，主要针对如下方面：1.文章的个别词或句子，可以给出生词让学生猜意，对此类题目学生应尽量在阅读材料中找定义或解释；2.文章的某细节或情节；3.文章的主题；4.文章的背景知识；5.文章的结论或结局；6.文章内涵的隐义或寓意等。主要是考查考生综合运用所学语言知识的能力，包括阅读、理解、归纳概括、逻辑推理以及对材料的评估能力等。

具体来讲主要有以下几种题型：

具体信息：这种题目比较简单，只要通读全文，了解文中所叙述的重要事实或细节，就可以解答出来，有的甚至可以从文章的原句中直接找到答案。

语义理解：题目要求对文中个别难词、关键词、词组或句子作出解释。解答这类题目时需要对有关的上下文，甚至整篇文章的内容建立准确、立体的理解才能做出正确答案。

逻辑推理：这种题目有一定难度，往往不能直接从文中找到答案，而必须根据上下文及其相互间的关系或对整篇文章进行深层理解后，才能找到答案。有时甚至还得联系作者的意图、态度等弦外之音、文外之意加以推理，才能获得正确答案。

归纳概括：要求在阅读和理解全文的基础上对文章作出归纳、概括或评价。解这种题目时，不能只凭文中的只言片语而断章取义，比如涉及文章的标题(title)、主题(mainidea)、结论(conclusion)、结局(end)等有关问题，都需要在细读全文的基础上，结合所学语言知识、背景知识、生活常识、专业知识进行逻辑思维推理判断，从而获取文章中内隐的信息。

词意判断：要求根据上下文判断短文中词或短语的意思。

在阅读过程中要重视培养自我阅读能力，根据不同的阅读目的和要求，采取不同的阅读方法和策略。

提高阅读能力所常用的阅读技巧主要有细读、略读、全读等。

扫读：是一种快速阅读方法，主要在于对文章信息的精确定位，锁定重要信息，如找出人物、时间、地点、数字等。

略读：也是一种快速阅读，目的是读取文章的主旨大意。与扫读不同的是，略读是跳跃式的，略掉一些东西不读，取出短文中的关键性东西。

细读：细读是完全阅读，目的包括（1）确定中心思想及标题；（2）了解用以阐述中心思想的事实及细节；（3）对作者的暗示或隐含思想进行判断、推理、引申；（4）根据上下文推测词义。

扩大视距：要以意群为单位，注重对整句话的理解，扩大注视空间。

带问题阅读：先浏览短文后面的题目，做到心中有数，带着目的去阅读，以提高阅读实效。

根据上下文猜测词意：遇到生词，要根据上下文线索和暗示、上下文的联系、常识和经验推断或猜测词意。

二、范例解析引路

例一：

Oneday,adoctorwaslookingovertheeyesightoftheyoungmenwhowerereadytojointhearmy.ByJeff’sturnthedoctorpointedtotheeyechart（图表）onthewallandsaid,“Pleasereadthetopline,youngman.”

“Thetoplineofwhat?”

“Thetoplineofthechart.”

“Whatchart?”

“Theoneonthewall.”

“Where’sthewall?”Jeffasked.Atlastthedoctorthoughttheyoungman’seyesightwastoopoor.Hecouldn’tjointhearmy.

Thateveningthesameyoungmanwasatthecinemawhenanothermancameandsatnexttohim.Whenthefilmwasoverandthelightswenton,theyoungmanfoundthatitwasthedoctorwhosatnexttohim.Atoncehesaidtothedoctor,“Excuseme,madam,butdoesthisbusgototheMuseumStreet?”

Judgethefollowingsentencestrue(T)orfalse(F).

1.Theyoungmanhopedtobeasoldier.

2.Atfirstthedoctorbelievedwhattheyoungmanhadsaid.

3.Theyoungman’seyesightwasreallyweak.

答案

1—3FTF

解析

本题属于阅读理解正误判断题。从文章的选材来看，是一篇故事性的短文。内容大意是描写一个叫Jeff的年青人，他不想去服兵役，在体检时假装自己的视力不好而去欺骗医生。医生相信了他，因此他不能去参军。而晚上在电影院时，Jeff碰巧又遇到了医生。Jeff非常聪明，又用一句谎言而蒙混过关。此阅读材料共设三道小题：

第一小题题干的意思是说这个年青人想当兵。文章中没有一句话直接告诉考生这句话的答案是不对的，但从整个短文的意思来看，他是不喜欢参军的，否则他也不能假装视力不好。这道题属于推理判断题。

第二道小题，题干的意思是说医生开始的时候相信了年青人的话。这道题属于语义理解性题目，在短文中第六段中“Atlastthedoctorthoughttheyoungman’seyesightwastoopoor.”这句话中可以看出答案是正确的。

第三道小题意思是说这个年青人的视力真的不好。这道题的设题上属于逻辑推理性题目，因为从文章的最后一段可知，他视力如果不好，就不可能去看电影，也不可能认出医生来。本道题是阅读理解中的第一篇，故事情节幽默，句子简单易懂。难度不大，旨在缓和考生面对中考时的紧张情绪。考生在答题中先读懂短文，理解短文的大意和脉络，然后依据短文内容对试题后给出的句子进行是非判断。同进，对每一道题进行判断时，应从文章的具体段落和句子中找到判断的依据，不能凭印象想当然。对有些似是而非的句子，一定要认真识别，只有完全符合文章意思的方可判定为正确。

例二：

Peopleallovertheworldeatrice.MillionsofpeopleinAsia,Africa,andSouthAmericaliveonit.Somepeopleeatalmostnothingbutrice.Riceisakindofgrass.Therearemorethan7,000kindsofrice.Mostkindsarewaterplants.Farmersgrowriceinmanycountries,eveninthesouthoftheUnitedStatesandineasternAustralia.

Chinaistheworld’slargestrice-growingcountry.In2003,Chinagrew166milliontonsofrice.Butitisnoteasytofeedtheworld’slargestpopulation.Inthe1960s,thousandsofChinesediedbecausetheydidn’thaveenoughfoodtoeat.Inthe1970s,YuanLongping,aChinesescientist,grewakindofricecalledhybrid（杂交）rice.Itmakes20%morericethananyotherkind.Hybridriceisastrongerplant,unlikeordinaryrice.Itcangrowinlotsofwaterorinnotmuchwater.Itdoesn’teasilygetdiseasesorworms.

Today,halfofChina’sriceplantsareYuan’sspecialhybridrice.ChinausesYuan’shybridricetogrowmuchmorericethanbefore.YuanisknownastheFatherofHybridRice.HewontheWorldFoodPrizeforhisworktohelpfeedsomanypeople.

ChoosethebestchoicefromABCorDaccordingtothepassageabove.

1.Riceisgrown______intheworld.

A.inlotsofcountriesB.forhumansandanimals

C.onlyonwetlandD.byChinesefarmers

2.China_____intheworld.

A.offersthebestricetopeopleB.harveststhemostrice

C.hasthelargestfarmlandD.isshortofrice

3.YuanLongping’shybridrice______.

A.getssickmoreoftenB.isordinaryrice

C.cangrowwithoutwaterD.canmakemorericethantheothers

4.TheChinesescientist,YuanLongping,isfamousfor______.

A.theFatherofRiceB.hisricetofeedallChinese

C.hishybridriceD.growingdifferentkindsofrice

答案

1—4ABDC

解析

本题属于阅读理解选择题，是中考阅读理解最常见的题型。本文是一篇科普性的文章，通过介绍我国科学家袁隆平及他所培育的杂交水稻，以及他在自己平凡的工作岗位上为国家做出的杰出贡献，向学生渗透热爱科学的理念，培养学生脚踏实地，认真做事、做学问的求实精神。

第一道小题的设题属于语义理解性题目，在世界的什么地方可以种植水稻，从文章中的第一段中“Farmersgrowriceinmanycountries”，只有答案A中用的“lotsof”这个词，many与lotsof是同义词，因此从这句话可以选出答案A是正确的。

第二道小题也属于语义理解性题目，从第二段的第一句话“Chinaistheworld’slargestrice-growingcountry.”可以推断出答案B是正确的。

第三道小题属于直接理解性题目，从第二段中的“Itmakes20%morericethananyotherkind.”可以选出答案D是正确的。

第四道小题属于归纳概括性题目，需认真阅读全文，仔细推敲每个答案：答案A具有片面性，文章中说他是theFatherofHybridRice而不是theFatherofRice；答案B的题干是hisricetofeedallChinese，而在文章中说halfofChina’sriceplantsareYuan’sspecialhybridrice，此答案明显是不正确的；答案C是正确的；答案D的题干是growingdifferentkindsofrice，而从文章中可以得知YuanLongping只是种植杂交水稻。答题时考生要在正确理解短文内容的基础上，认真看清短文后的题目内容和要求，然后根据短文内容，运用分析、排除等方法选择正确答案。对短文中没有直接说明又无法从短文所提供的材料上明确做出判断的，就要在理解字面意思的基础上进行深入分析、推理，或联想短文材料以外的常识加以考虑，从而推断出正确答案。

例三：

Ourschoolisalwaysaskingstudentstotakepartinschoolactivities（活动）andevents.What’sbeengoingoninourschool?

EveryweekthereisaFilmNightofpopularChineseandEnglishfilms.Afterthefilms,there’rediscussionsgroupswheretheaudiencecansharetheirideasandaskquestionsaboutthefilms.Everytwoweeks,onWednesdaythereisaCookingNight.StudentscomeandcookdeliciousChinesedishes.ThefirstThursdayofeachmonthisaFunNight.Studentscometoplaycomputergamesortosingkaraoke.Therearekaraokecompetitions.Soyoungpeoplecancomeandshowofftheirsinging.

TherearealsoafewshortclassesonsubjectssuchasChinesehandwritingandthehistoryofChina.Theseareopentothewholecity.

EveryyearwehaveaspecialactivitywiththenameChinaNight.Itisourmostexcitingandbiggestactivityoftheyear.TherearetraditionalandmodernChinesesinging,dancingandacting.Whatagreatnightitis!

Answerthefollowingquestionsaccordingtothepassageyouread.

1.Howoftencanthestudentsseefilmseverymonth?

2.WhocangotoChinesehandwritingclass?

3.HowmanytimesamonthdothestudentscookChinesefood?

4.Whatactivitiesdoestheschoolhave?

答案

1.Theycanseefilmsfourtimesamonth./Fourtimes.

2.Allthepeople.

3.Twice./ThestudentscookChinesefoodtwiceamonth.

4.FilmNight,CookingNight,FunNightandChinaNight.

解析

本题属于阅读理解回答问题题。文章的题材是考生熟悉的校园生活的短文，是有关学生的课外活动，共涉及了四个活动的名称，介绍了活动相关的时间、内容和参加人员等等。第一道小题，问的是每个月学生们多长时间看一次电影，属于考查细节。从文章中的第二段中的第一句话“EveryweekthereisaFilmNightofpopularChineseandEnglishfilms.”可以看出是每周看一次电影，而一个月通常是四周，因此答案应是Fourtimes。

第二道小题，问的是谁能参加中国书法课？属于语义理解性题目，通过对文章中的第三段的“Theseareopentothewholecity.”这句话的理解，可以知道此小题目的答案应是Allthepeople。

第三道小题，问的是学生一个月做几次中国食品。此题的设题同第一小题是相同的，也属于考查细节性题目。从第二段中的“Everytwoweeks”中可以知道每两周一次，那么一个月就应该是两次，因此正确答案应是Twice。

第四道小题，问题是学校有哪些活动？此题属于归纳概括性题目，需在阅读和理解全文的基础上对文章做出归纳，共有四个，分别是FilmNight,CookingNight,FunNightandChinaNight。考生在答此类试题时，首先弄清楚问的是什么信息（what,when,where,why,how等）；然后再根据对文章的理解和把握组织自己的语言，写出正确答案。可以用完整的回答方式，如（Theycanseefilmsfourtimesamonth.），也可用简短的回答方式，如（Fourtimes.）。此道题考查了学生的综合概括能力和处理信息的能力。

例四：

Fillineachblankaccordingtowhatyouread,onlyonewordforeachblank.

1.Theweatherreportsaysitwillbe______ineastcoasts.Ifyougothere,you’dbettertakean______withyou.

2.Thefootballmatchwillbe______inJinzhouStadiumon______.

3.Youcan’tborrow______fivebookseachtimeandyoushould______forwatchingvideos.

4.Adultscan’tgotothemusicfestivalforyoung____________.

答案

1.rainy,umbrella2.held,Sunday

3.over,pay4.listeners,alone/themselves

解析

本题属于阅读理解填空题。所选文章的体裁是实用文体，有图表、广告、海报等形式，图文并茂，所涉及的内容有球赛、天气预报、音乐会和图书馆书目、音像简介等，具有时代感强、实用性强、可读性强的特点，贴近学生的日常生活。

第一道小题设题是有关天气的，第一个空问的是在ineastcoasts的天气是什么样的？属于考查细节性题目，从文章中的“Eastcoastswillhaverain.”此句话中可以得知，应是下雨的天气，而设题是“itwillbe______”，应用形容词来形容天气，因此可以得知答案应是rainy；第二空设题属于逻辑推理性题目，you’dbettertakean______withyou.在文章中不能直接找到此题的答案，但是根据对文章意思的理解和推断，下雨就应该带伞了，因此答案应是umbrella。

第二道小题是有关足球比赛的，第一空是考查学生对题干的理解，Thefootballmatchwillbe______inJinzhouStadium，根据句意应填“举行”这一词，答案为held；而第二空on______，此空明显是填相关日期的，属于直接理解性题目，从文章来看，可以填日期，也可填星期，但题目要求只能填一词，因此只能填星期Sunday。

第三道小题是有关图书馆书目的，第一空问的是每次借书的数量，属于语义理解性题目，从文章中borrowfivebooksatmostatonetime这句话中可以得知每次最多是借五本，而设题Youcan’tborrow______fivebookseachtime，当然是不能超过五本了，“超过”这一词应是over。第二空问的是看录像应该怎么样，从文章中的最后一句keepavideoforaweekfor1dollar和设题youshould______forwatchingvideos可以得知是应该付费的，与for搭配的动词是pay。

第四小题是有关音乐节的，设题是Adultscan’tgotothemusicfestivalforyoung____________.从文中“MUSICFORYOUNGLISTENERS”和“Eachadultmustcomewithachild.”这两句话中可以得知，年青人必须和父母一起来，因此答案第一空应为listeners,第二空应为alone/themselves，属于考查细节性题目。考生在解此类题时先认真阅读所给的短文、图表或广告，掌握其内容后，再细读所给待补全的句子。解题时，可带着问题到原文中去寻找答案，寻读原文中与之相关的句子。先确定空格处所填词的词义，然后再判定其词形。解这类题时，应注意信息转换，同义句改写等。

三、实践评估自测

SectionOne

ChoosethebesttopicfromAtoFaccordingtothemeaningofthepassage.

(1)

1.A60year-oldBeijingwomanwasarrestedwhilestealingclothesatasupermarketlastweek.Whenthepolicemensearchedherhome,theyfoundthatshehadstolenanumberofgoodsrangingfromsockstodresses,withatotalvalueofaround50,000yuan(US$6,170).Herhusbandsaidthatsheis"probably"akleptomaniac.

2.OnDecember26Tilly,aBritishschoolgirlfeltsomethingwaswrongwhileonthebeachwithherfamily.HermindkeptgoingbacktothegeographylessonjusttwoweeksbeforesheflewtoThailandwithherfamily.

“Irecognizedwhatwashappeningandhadafeelingtherewasgoingtobeatsunami.Itoldmummy,”Tillyremembered.

QuickactionbyTilly’smotherandThaihotelstaffmeantthebeachwasquicklycleared,justminutesbeforeahugewavecrashed(冲撞).ThebeachwasoneofthefewontheislandofPhuketwherenoonewaskilled.

3.Beijing’sgovernmentstepsupsafetyatallschoolsandkindergartensinwhichsomechildrenhavebeenhurtandevenkilled.AsroadaccidentsarelistedastheNo1killer,somethingmustbedonetoensurecampus（校园）safetyinthecity.

4.Aspecialpotted(盆栽的)flowerandpottedplantsmarkethasrecentlyopenedtothepublicintheYuquanyingareaofBeijing.Theplantsandflowersdisplayedatthemarketarebelievedtoplayamajorroleinremovingtheso-called“indoorpolution.”

5.Toguardagainstcriminals(罪犯)whousethefakeIDcardstoengage（从事）inillegaltransactions（非法交易）,theJSCIKoreaCompany’sBeijingBranchhasrecentlydevelopedanewscanning（扫描）andidentificationsystem（识别系统）.Withthehelpofthenewgadget,aperson’snamecard,facialfeaturesandfingerprintcanbeidentifiedinashorttime.

A.Hardstudysaveslives

B.Keepingthingsreal

C.Howtolearnwell

D.Childsafety

E.Long-timethief

F.Magicplants

(2)

1.AgroupofpenguinsatazooinJapantakeawalktoloseweight.Everyday,15kingpenguinstherewalk500metrestwice."Justlikehumans,penguinsdontexercisemuchduringwinter.Theybecomefateasily,"saysazookeeper.

2.ExperiencedfemalecollegegraduatewithamajorinEnglishofferstemporaryandlong-termtranslationserviceandwouldalsoliketoteachChinesetoforeignersatareasonableandaffordableprice.

　Email:[emailprotected]

3.WendyandPeterwenttobedearlylastnightsothattheywouldhaveplentyofrest.Thenextmorning,theirmomtookthemtotheairport.

Nowtheyareattheairport.“Howwilloursuitcases(小提箱)gettoLondon?”Peterasks.Momsays,“Theyputthemintothebottomoftheplane.Theyflywithyou.”

Theflightattendant(飞机乘务员)showsthemtotheirseats.Wendyhasawindowseat,andPeteristohim.Bothofthemputontheirseatbelts.Theflightattendantshowsthemwhattodoifthereisanemergency(紧急情况).Thenitistimetotakeoff.

4.Inthe1960s,somecountriescaredalotaboutthemoon.Theyhadadream:tobethefirstcountrytoputamanonthemoon.AmericanandRussiawerepartofthis“spacerace.”Theyspentalotoftimeandmoneyonit.ThefirstmaninspacewasYuriGagarin,aRussian.Thatwasin1961.Yearslater,in1969,anAmericanspaceshipflewtothemoon.NeilArmstrongwalkedout.Hewasthefirstmanonthemoon.

5.Ineedanassistant(maleorfemale)whosupportsmeinawiderangeoffields,likeeconomictopics,business-andlaborlaw,translation,thepersonshouldknowhowtodealwithpublicauthoritiesandofcourseheorsheisgoodatbothEnglishandChinese.

A.AssistantWanted

B.RacetotheMoon

C.Jobwanted

D.TheFirstManontheMoon

E.FirstPlaneTrip

F.It’sGoodtoWalk

(3)

1.Beijingistoprovidethehomelesswithfood,warmclothesandsheltertohelpthemsurvivethewinter,accordingtothecitysrescueadministration.Allthe19rescuecentresinthecityareopentothehomeless,providingshelterandothernecessities.Foodandclotheswillalsobehandedouttothosewhoarereluctanttocometotherescuecentres.

2.Beijingexpectstoclosedown83coalminesinitsyear-endcoalminesafetyrectificationdrive,accordingtotheBeijingMineSafetySupervisionBureau.Thecitywillalsosetupacoalminesafetysystemwhichwilldemandcoalminedirectorsandmanagersgodownshaftsinshiftstoensuresafeproductionandreducethechancesofaccidents.Thenewregulationwillbeissuednextyear.Violatorswillbefined30,000yuan(US$3,750)to150,000yuan(US$1,875).

3.Chinasfirston-linemusicalclassroomwaslaunchedinBeijingwithLuSiqing,awell-knownChineseviolinist,givingthefirstlesson.Lu,nicknamedthe"PaganinioftheEast,"willgivelessonsandexchangeideaswithhisfansinhis"personalon-lineconcerthall."Thewebsite,whichcanbefoundat,willprovidelessons,teachingresourcesandgivemusiciansaopportunitytobeheard.Luwillalsosharesomeofhisunreleasedworks.

4.Beijinghasrecentlyseentheemergenceofthefirstgroupofelectronicbusstopsignswhichprovideawealthofusefulinformationincludingnewsupdatesandweatherforecasts.Moreimportantlythesignscanshowhowlongpeoplehavetowaitforthenextbus.ThefirstbatchisbeinginstalledalongChanganAvenueandothermainroads.

5.ItwasherfirsttimeinBeijing,andthewarmhearteddoctorsandnurses,allmadeHanMeiyanverywelcome,puttingabigsmileonherface.

Hanisjustoneofthe20childrenwhocamefromtheimpoverishedareasinQinghaiProvincetoreceivemedicaltreatmentatthePlasticSurgeryHospitalinBeijing.

A.SmartbusstopsB.Nettunetutoring

C.Awell-knownChineseviolinistD.Homelesshelp

E.GetdownthereF.Fortomorrowssmile

(4)

1.Manypeoplelikeanimalsandtakethemastheirpets.Nowadayspethospitalsareverybusy.Kindpersonswholoveanimalsareneededtoworkinbusyanimalhospitals.

2.Scientiststhinkthatpetswillprobablybemuchsmallerbecausepeopleinthefuturewillbelivinginmuchsmallerspaces.Scientistsarealreadyworkingonmakingverysmallfarmanimals.Thesamethingsmightbedonetomakesmallercatsanddogs.

3.It’ssaidthatsomedayyoumightownapantherasapet.Scientistsmighthavetostartturningwildanimalsintopets.Thismightbetheonlywaytosavethemfromdyingout.

4.Whataboutarobotforapet?Thismaysoundsilly,butitcouldbecometrue.Robotdogshavebeenmadetobarklikerealdogs.These“pets”mightbecomemoreandmorepopularinthefuture.Afterall,robotsdon’tlosehairorchewonthingsthewayrealpetsdo.

5.Lotsofpeoplemisstheirpetswhiletheyareonholiday.OnehotelinMinnesotahassolvedthisproblem.Theylendcatstotheirguests.Manyexpertsbelievethisideawillbecomemoreandmorepopular.Itisverypossiblethatinthefutureyouwillbeabletoorderapet,aswellasroomservice,atahotel.

A.Pethotels

B.Smallerpets

C.Arobotdoctor

D.Robotsforpets

E.Apantherforapet

F.Assistantneededinpethospitals

(5)

1.Smallchildrendon’tunderstandthathotwaterandhotdrinkscanbedangerous.Weoftenforgetthedangersourselves.Yetitonlytakesacupofhotteaorcoffeeorabaththat’stoohottoscaldachildbadly.Asevere(严重的)scaldcanmeanalongstayinhospital,andareallyseverescaldcankill.

2.Childrenofallagesfallandhurtthemselvesfromtimetotime.Luckilymostfallsaren’tserious,butsomecancausesevereinjuries,suchasheadinjuries.

Forbabies,thedangerisrollingofftheedgeofsomethinglikeabed,chair,tableorkitchenworktop.

Toddlers(初学走路的孩子)soonlearntoclimbandexplore.Tothem,climbingonfurniture(家具)doesn’tseemdangerous.It’sjustfun.Butitisveryeasyforatoddlertofalloffapieceoffurniture,ordownthestairs,orevenoutofawindoworoffabalcony.

Witholderchildren,adventure(冒险)accidentsareaproblem.Climbingtrees,highwalls,orfencescanbedangerous.

3.Everyyearchildrendieinhousefiresandmanymorearebadlyburnt.Acigarette,forexample,caneasilystartafire.Andmanyfiresarestartedbychildrenplayingwithmatches.

Butofcourseit’snotonlyfiresthatcauseburns.Therearethingsineveryhomethatcanburnachildbadly－ahotiron(熨斗),forexample,oranelectricfire.

4.Childrenloveplayingwithwater.Whetherit’sinthebathatbedtimeorinthegardenpondorinthesea,waterisfun.Butitisalsodangerous.Ababyortoddlercandrownineveryshallowwater－farlessthanyouputinthebath.

5.Glasscausesthemostseriouscuts.Fewpeoplerealizejusthowseriousglasscutsare.Yeteveryyearabout7,000childrenendupinhospitalbecauseofaccidentswithglass.Thesearenotonlyaccidentswiththingslikebrokenbottles.Moreoftenthechildrenhavefallenthroughaglassdoororwindowandarebadlyhurt.

A.Burns

B.Fires

C.Scalds

D.Drowning

E.Falls

F.Cuts

SectionTwo

(1)

Tom,an11-year-oldboy,wasill.Hehadgotacough.Hismotherwasworriedandtookhimtoseeadoctor.ThedoctorlookedoverTomcarefullyandsaid,“Tom,nothingserious.”Thenhegavehimsomemedicine.Thesearethewordsontheinstructionofthecoughmedicine.

Instruction

Takethreetimesadayaftermeals

Dose(剂量):Grown-ups:2spoonseachtime

Children:8-l4yrs.onespoon,4-7yrs.1/2spoon

Notfitforchildrenbelowtheageof4years

Notes:1.Storeinacoldplace.2.UsingbeforeOct.2004-2-23

TelFax:021-56317708

E-mail:

Add:No.10NanjingRoad,Shanghai

1.Tomshouldtakethreespoonsinaday.

2.Tomhadbetterhavehismealsbeforehetakesthemedicine.

3.Themedicinecanbekeptinafridge.

4.Childrenagedfivecan’ttakethismedicine.

5.FromthisinstructionweknowTomcangoonusingtheleftmedicineafterOct.2004.

(2)

Inventionsarriveeveryday.Whenpeopleinventgreatnewthings,wegetideasaboutthefuture.

Whatwillthefuturebelike?It’spossiblethatwemayoftenflyupintospace!Outofallthecoolestinventionsoftheyear,SpaceShipOneisthoughttobethebest.

SpaceShipOneisa6-metre-longwhitespaceship.OnJune21,2004,AmericanpilotMikeMclvilleflewittospaceandback－about100kilomtresupintothesky.

Somemightsayit’snotabigdeal.Youknow,peoplewenttothemoonyearsago.

Well,SpaceShipOneisspecialbecauseitisthefirstspaceshipthatwasn’tmadebythegovernment(政府).Itwasbuiltandsentupbyaprivate(私人的)UScompany.

Lotsofpeoplewenttotravelinspace.Butit’stooexpensive.Americanmillionaire(百万富翁)DennisTitopaidalmostUS$20milliontobecomethefirstspacetouristtovisittheInternationalSpaceStationin2001.

Soprivatecompaniesbegantothinkofmakingtheirownspaceshiptotakeothertouristsupintospace.

ThesuccessofSpaceShipOneisagoodstart.

“Theflightopensanewpageinhistory,puttingspacewithinthereachofordinarypeople,”saidPattiSmith,anofficialatUSFederalAviationAdministration(联邦航空管理局).

Inthenext10to15years,ifyoupay$20,000to$100,000youcouldflyhighabovetheearth.

Whatabouthavingyourownspaceshipinyourgarage(车库)andtakingittospaceattheweekend.

1.Ofallthecoolestinventionsfromwhichpeoplecangetideasaboutthefutureoftheyear,SpaceShipOnewaschosenasthebestone.

2.Fromthepassage,weknowthatonlyfewpeoplehavetherighttobuildthespaceship.

3.IfyouwanttoflytotheInternationalSpaceStation,you’dbetterkeephealthyandeatmorefood.

4.Peoplewouldknowthingswellaboutthespacesince1960.

5.ThesuccessfulflightofSpaceShipOneopensanewpageinhistory,becauseitputsspaceneartotheordinarypeople.

(3)

Departmentstores(百货商店)intheUnitedStatesareverylarge.Theyarecalleddepartmentstoresbecausetheyhavemanydifferentdepartments.Forexample,youcanbuydresses,blousesandskirtsintheWomen’sClothingdepartment.Youcanbuysuits,shirtsandtiesinMen’sClothingdepartment.ParentscanbuyclothingfortheirchildrenintheChildren’sClothingDepartment.Andshoes,boots,andsneakers(运动鞋)areintheShoeDepartment.

MostdepartmentstoreshaveTVsandradiosintheirHomeEntertainmentDepartments.SomestoresalsohaveAppliance(器具)Departments.Youcanbuyrefrigerators,stoves,dishwashers,andotherappliancesthere.

Doyouwanttoreadabook?GototheBookDepartment!Doyouwanttobuyapairofearrings(耳环)oranecklace?GotoJewelryDepartment!Doyouwanttobuysomespecialchocolate?GototheGourmetFoodDepartment(美食店)!

Therearealotofotherreasonswhypeopleshopindepartmentstores.Youcanbuythingsatspeciallowpriceswhendepartmentstoreshavesales.Sometimesstoresevenhavehalf-pricesales!

Youcanalsoreturnthingsatdepartmentstores.Takeyourreceipt(收据)totheCustomerServiceDepartment,andyoucanexchangetheitem(项目)orgetbackthemoney.Insomestores,youcaneveneatlunchordinnerinarestaurant.

Departmentstoresaregreatplacestoshopbecausepeoplecangetalmosteverythingtheywantinoneplace.

1.YoucanbuysneakerseitherintheWomen’sClothingdepartmentorintheMen’sClothing

department.

2.Mostdepartmentstoresselltelevisionsets.

3.Ifyouwanttobuyanair-conditioner(空调),youshouldgototheJewelryDepartment.

4.Youcansavemoneywhenthestorehasasale.

5.Ifyouwanttoreturnsomething,youcanbeservedagoodmeal.

(4)

ManyAmericanfamilieslivebusylives.Everyweek,thechildrenhavesports,musiclessons,clubmeetings,andmanyotheractivities,including(包括)hoursofhomework.Theparentsarebusy,too.Theywork,takecareoftheirhomes,cookmeals,anddrivetheirchildrentoactivities.Somefamiliesdonothavetimetoeatmealstogethermorethanonceaweek.OneAmericancommunity(社区)decidedthatitwastimetotakeabreak.

Aftersevenmonthsofplanning,thecommunityofRidgewood,NewJersey,tookonenightoff.Theycalledit“FamilyNight”,anightforfamiliestospendtimetogether.Sportsteamsstoppedtheirpractices,andteachersdidnotgivehomework.

OnFamilyNight,familiesagreedtoturnofftheirtelevisions.Theyalsodecidednottoanswerthetelephone.Answeringmachinessaid,“Pleasecallbacktomorrow.”Manyfamiliesorderedtake-outpizzaandothertake-outfoodsothattheywouldn’tspendtimecooking.

Popularactivitiesincludedboardgamesandcardgames.Thesegamesgavefamiliesachancetospendtimetogether.Childrenandparentsweren’tsobusy,andchildrendidn’tspendsomuchtimeplayingvideogamesandwatchingtelevision.OnFamilyNight,familiesrelaxedandspenttheeveningtogether.Thetownhopestohavemanymore“FamilyNights”.

1.ManyAmericanfamiliesaretoobusy.

2.Childrenhavemanyotheractivitiesbesideshomework.

3.IttookonenightforRidgewoodtoplanthespecial“FamilyNight”.

4.Parentscookedabigdinnerforthewholefamilyon“FamilyNight”.

5.More“FamilyNights”areexpectedbythepeopleinthetown.

(5)

TheRedCrosshelpsthechildrenofdifferentcountriesknoweachotherbetter.ChildreninschoolsallovertheworldhavetheirownRedCrossgroups.Thesechildrenwritelettersandsendpresentsandpicturestooneanother.TheAmericanRedCrossalsogiveshelpandadvicetotheRedCrosssocietiesofothercountries.ThroughtheseactivitiestheRedCrosshopestobringaboutamorefriendly,morepeacefulworld.

1.ThechildrenofdifferentcountriescanknoweachotherbetterbecausetheRedCrosshelpsthemtodoso.

2.TheRedCrossdoesnthavemanymembersinschoolsinAsia.

3.ThechildrenintheRedCrossgroupswritelettersandsendpresentsandpicturestoeach爋therbecausetheyjustwanttoknoweachother.

4.WhattheRedCrossdoesistohopethatthepeopleallovertheworldwillliveinpeace.

5.TheRedCrossisdoingsomethinggoodforthefriendshipofthepeople.

(6)

CountrymusicisoneofthemostpopularkindsofmusicintheUnitedStatestodaybecauseitisaboutsimplebutstronghumanfeelingsandevents-love,sadness,goodtimesandbadtimes.Ittellsreal-lifestoriesandsoundsinthewaypeoplereallytalk.Aslifebecomeshardforus,itisgoodtohearmusicaboutordinarypeople.

Countrymusic,sometimescalledcountry-westernmusic,comesfromtwokindsofmusic.OneisthetraditionalmusicofthepeopleintheAppalachianMountainsintheeasternUnitedStates.Theotheristraditionalcowboymusicfromthewest.Thesingersusuallyplaytheguitars,andinthe1920stheystartedusingelectricguitars.

Atfirstcitypeoplesaidcountrymusicwaslowclass.ItwaspopularmostlyintheSouth.ButduringWorldWarII,thousandsofSouthernerswenttotheNortheastandMidwesttoworkinthefactories.Theytooktheirmusicwiththem.SoldiersfromtherestofthecountrywenttoarmycampsintheSouth.Theylearnedcountrymusic.Slowlyitbecamepopularalloverthecountry.

TodaycountrymusicisalsopopulareverywhereintheUnitedStatesandCanada,insmalltownsandamongtownsandinNewYorkCity,amongblackandwhite,andamongeducatedanduneducatedpeople.About1200radiostationsbroadcastcountrymusictwenty-fourhoursaday.EnglishstarssingitinBritishEnglish,andpeopleinothercountriessingitintheirownlanguages.ThemusicthatstartedwithcowboysandpoorSouthernersisnowpopularallovertheworld.

1.Peoplelikecountrymusicbecauseitisabouthumanfeelingsandevents.

2.CountrymusiccomesfromtheNortheastandMidwestofAmerica.

3.Citypeoplethoughtcountrymusicwaslowclassbecauseitwassungbycowboysandpoorsoutherners.

4.CountrymusicbecamepopularduringWorldWarII.

5.TodaycountrymusicissungbystarsallinEnglish.

(7)

FormostAmericans,lifewithoutacarishardtoimagine.However,societyhasrealizedtheseriousairpollutionproblemcausedbycars.Thepollutedairbecomespoisonous(有毒的)toourhealth.

Onewaytogetridof(摆脱)thepollutedairistobuildacarthatdoesnotpollute.That’swhatseverallargecompanieshavebeentryingtodo.Buttobuildacleancariseasiersaidthandone.Progressisthisfieldhasbeenslow.

Anotherwayistoreplacethecarengine(发动机)withsomething.Nowinventorsareworkingonsteam(蒸汽)carsaswellaselectriccars.Manycarmakersbelievethatitwilltakeyearstodevelopausefulmodelthatpleasespeople.

Topreventtheworldfrombeingpollutedbycars,wemakesomechangesinthewaywelive.Americans,forexample,havetoreduce(减少)thenumberoftheirtotalcars.Theyshouldbeencouragedtotravelandgotoworkbybicycle.

Butthischangedoesnotcomeeasily.Alargenumberofworkersmightfindthemselveswithoutjobsifacarfactoryisclosed.Thustheproblemofairpollutionwouldbecomelessimportantthanthatofunemployment(失业).

Althoughcarshaveled(引导)ustobetterlives,theyhavealsobroughtusnewproblems.

1.AcarisveryimportantformostAmericans.

2.Buildingacleancarisnotdifficult.

3.Onewaytogetridofthepollutedairistoreplacethecarengine.

4.Thewriterthinksthattheproblemofairpollutionismoreimportantthatthatofunemployment.

(8)

Manyyearsago,therewasaman.Hehadacatandloveditverymuch.HedecidedtocallitSky.Oneday,afriendsaidtohim,"Letmetellyouthatthereissomethingstrongerthanthesky.Imeantheclouds,fortheycoverthesky.""Youareright."answeredtheman,"AndnowImgoingtogivemycatthename‘Cloud’”.

Twodayslater,anothermanwashavingsupperwithhimathishouse.“WhydoyoucallcatCloud?Thewindblowsawaythecloudwithoutdifficulty.”Sothemanchangeditsnameagain.ItwasthencalledWind.

Butaweekhadnotpassedwhenhisneighbornoticedthisquitebeautifulcat.Hesaid,“Windseemstobetheworstname.Evenawallcanstopthewind.Wallseemstobebetter.”SothecatwascalledWall.Butateachersaidthatawallwasnotstrongerthanamouse.Themanhadtochangethenameagain.Justthenthemanssoncamein.“Mouse!”heshouted.“Whatafoolishname!Iknowsomethingmuchstrongerthanamouse.Everyoneknowsthatacatcatchesthemouseandeatsit.Acatisstrongerthanamouse,”saidtheboy.Thistimethemansawhismistake.HechangeditsnamebacktoCatagain.

1.Themannamedhiscat“Sky”becausehelikeditverymuch.

2.OnedayhechangedthenameSkybecausehewastoldthattheskywashigherthanthecloud.

3.Heturnedthenameto“Cloud”becausehefoundthatthecloudwouldbeblownawaybythewind.

4.Hisneighborconsidered"Wind"theworstnamebecauseevenawallcouldstopit.

5.Finallythemancalledhiscat“cat”becausehethoughtawallnotstrongerthanmouse.

(9)

Doyougetangrywhenyourfriendssingloudlywhileyouaretryingtowork?Orwhenyourbestfrienddoesnotwaitforyouafterschool?

Ifyoudo,youneedtotakecontrolofyourfeelingsandstopgettingangrysoeasily.Gettingangrywithpeoplecancauseyoutolosefriends.

GaryEgeberg,anAmericanhighschoolteacher,haswritten“MyFeelingsJustLikeWildAnimals”tohelpyoucontrolyourfeelings.Ittellsteenshowtostaycoolwhenbadthingshappentothem.

Thebooksaysthatgettingangryonlymakesproblemsworse.Itcannevermakethembetter.

Gettingangryisnotanaturalwaytoact,thebooksays.Itisjustabadhabit,likesmoking.

Thebooksaysyoucancontrolyouranger(怒气)easily－allyouhavetodoistellyourselfnottobeangry.

Whenababyfallsover,itonlycriesifpeoplearewatchingit.

Likeababy,youshouldonlygetangryifyouaresureitistherightthingtodo.

Thebookgivesmanytips(提示)tohelpyouifyougetangryeasily.Hereareourtopthree:

1.Keeparecord.Everytimeyougetangrywritedownwhyyouareangry.Lookatitlaterandyouwillseeyougetangrytooeasily.

2.Askyourfriendstostoptalkingtoyouwhenyougetangry.Thiswillteachyounottobeangry.

3.Dosomethingdifferent.Whenyougetangry,walkawayfromtheproblemandgosomewhereelse.Trytolaugh!

1.Gettingangrywithpeoplecancauseyoutolosefriends.

2.Thebook“MyFeelingsJustLikeWildAnimals”canhelpyoumakemorefriends.

3.Thebooksaysyoucancontrolyourangereasilybytellingyourselfnottobeangry.

4.Ifyoufallover,youshouldgetangry.

5.Keepingarecordcanhelpyoulearnfromyourpastexperienceandcontrolyouranger.

(10)

Thesetwolettersappearedinanewspaper.Bothwritershavetheirownideasonzoos.

ZoosDoaGoodJob

Itisgoodtokeepanimalsinzoos.Iknowalotpeoplethinkitiswrongtokeepanimalsinzoos.However,Ibelievethatzooshavemanygoodpoints.

Firstly,zoosareplacesforpeopletoseemanydifferentkindsofanimalsfromallovertheworld.Withoutzoos,mostpeoplewouldneverseearealbearortiger.

Secondly,zooslookaftertheanimalsverywell.Theanimalsarealwaysgivenfoodandcleanedregularly(定期).Inthewild(荒野),itisnotalwayspossibleforananimaltofindfood,sosometimesitgoeshungry.Butanimalskeptinzoosnevergohungry.

Thirdly,zoosprotecttheanimalstheylookafter.Theyofferthemsafeplacestolivein.Inthewild,somekindsofanimalsareindangerofbecomingextinct(灭绝).Butzoosgivetheseanimalsachancetolive.Withoutzoos,therewouldbefewerkindsofanimalsintheworld.

MariaSmith

ZoosAreUnnatural

InMaria’sletter,shesaysthatzoosaregoodforanimals.Iamafraidthatzoosarenotgoodforanimals,andtheyareonlygoodforpeople.

Itisunnatural(非自然的)andunfair(不公平的)tokeepwildanimalsincagesthataretoosmallforthem.Inthewild,theseanimalswouldtravelfreely.Inzoos,theycan’tdothis.Thisiswhythebearsandtigerslooksosad.

Mostcagesarenotverycleaneither.Itistruethatzoosgivetheanimalsfoodregularly,butthisisnotnatural.Wildanimalsareusedtolookingfortheirownfood.Weshouldtreat(对待)animalsinthesamewaythatwetreatotherpeople－withrespect(尊重).

Wouldanyonebehappyifyoudon’tlethimgooutsidehishome?WouldMarialiketohavelotsofpeoplestandingoutsideherhouselookingather?No,shewouldn’t.Anyanimalsdon’tlikeiteither.

PhilipBlack

1.MariaandPhiliphavequitedifferentideasonkeepinganimalsinzoos.

2.InMaria’sopinion(观点),arealbearortigercanonlybeseeninzoos.

3.Mariathinksthatanimalslivebetterinzoosthaninthewild.

4.AccordingtoPhilip,ifcagesarebigandcleanenough,tigersandbearswilllookhappy.

5.MariaandPhiliparediscussinghowtomakeanimalsinzooshappy.

SectionThree

ChoosethebestchoicefromABCorDaccordingtoeachpassage.

(1)

Formanyyearsscientistshavesaidthattheearthisgettingwarmer.Nowtheyhavefoundsomethingnew－hotcities!InthesouthernUS,theyhavefoundthatcitiesbecomeveryhotinsummer.Forexample,thecityofAtlantainGeorgiahasrooftoptemperaturesofupto50degreeswhileitis27degreesinthestreets!Atnight,theoutsidesofthebuildingstaysohotthattheheatofthecitycausesstormoverthecity.

Chinaalsohasthesamekindofproblems.Everyyearmorefarminglandisusedforfactoriesoroffices.Morehousingisneeded,too.Aspeoplebecomericher,theybuymorecars.Nowroadsareneededandnewcarparksarebuiltinthecitycenters.Thisallmakesthecityhotter.

Itisnoteasytochangethesituation.Cityplannerssaythatweshouldplantmoretreesinthemiddleofcities.Everynewstreetshouldhavetreesonbothsides,theysay.Treesmakethetemperatureslower,soweshouldhavemoretreesinourparksandsquares.Alsoweshouldpaintourroofswhite.Ifwedothis,theydonotbecomesohot.Everyroofinahotandsunnycountryshouldhavesolarroofpanels.Theelectricityfromthesecanbeusedtoruntheairconditionersinthebuilding.

Peoplecontinuetocutdownforestsaroundthecities.Thismakestheproblemworse.Citiesaregrowingfasterandfaster.Bytheyear2025,80％oftheworld’spopulationwillbelivingincities.Ifwegoonlikethis,therewillnotbeenoughfarmlandtofeedeveryoneintheworld.

1.Thebesttitleforthepassageis_______.

A.TheearthisgettingwarmerB.Morelandisneeded

C.CitiesarewarmerinwinterD.Scientistsareworriedaboutstorms

2.Whathavescientistsfound?

A.AtlantaisthehottesttownintheUSA.B.Buildingsbecomeveryhotinthesun.

C.Itisnotashotontheroofasinthestreet.D.Therearenotasmanystormsasbefore.

3.Whatcanwedotomakethecitiescooler?

A.MakemoreParks.B.Useairconditionersmore.

C.Painttheroofsofallthewhitebuildings.D.Plantmoretrees.

4.Whatmayhappeninfuture?

A.Mostpeoplewillmovetothevillages.B.Peoplewillplantmoretreesoutsidethecities.

C.Wewillnothaveenoughfood.D.Theproblemwillgetbetter,notworse

(2)

Whenmightyouneedtogiveblood(血)forapersonalitytest?Theansweristhatyouneedtodosowhenyouaskforajob.

Somepeoplebelievethatyourbloodgrouphides(隐藏)nosecrets.Itshowsthe“realyou”.Andtheownersofcertainbloodgroupsmightbeparticularlygoodorbadatcertaintasks(任务).Thisistheveryreasonsofwhyyoucouldbeaskedtoofferyourbloodgroupbeforebeinggivenajob.

ThenewideawascarriedoutfirstinJapanandnowithasbeenbroughtovertootherpartsoftheworld.OneimportantbusinesscompanyinJapanisquitespecialaboutthisneed:“Forourofficemembers,wemusthave30percentofgroupAand15percentofAB,25percentofOand30percentofB”.

Doyouhappentoknowyourownbloodgroup?ItseemsthatifyoubelongtobloodgroupO,youcangetthingsdoneandsellthegoodswell.BloodgroupAarethethinkers,whilebloodgroupBarehighlycreative.Andifyouhaveproblems,asktheABstosolvethem.SoifyouvisitedtheJapanesecompany,youwouldfindtheOtypesoutsellinggoodsandAtypeskeepingorderintheoffice.

1.Accordingtothepassage,__________.

A.fourtypesofthebloodwerediscoveredbyJapan

B.peopleofgoodbloodmightdotheirworkverywell

C.knowyourownbloodgroupandyoucouldgetagoodjob

D.moreandmorecountrieshaveacceptedthenewideaaboutbloodgroups

2.Creativepersons,goodsalesmen,thinkersandproblemsolversarethefourkindsofpersonsneededbytheJapanesecompany.Theproportionmentionedinthepassageis__________respectively.

A.30%,15%,25%and30%B.30%,30%,25%and15%

C.30%,25%,30%and15%D.25%,15%,30%and30%

3.PeoplebelongingtobloodgroupBmightbegoodat__________.

A.sportsandgamesB.smoothingawaydifficulties

C.doingofficeworkD.paintingandwriting

4.Thispassageseemstoleadyoutobelieve____________.

A.yourbloodgroupcouldaffectyourwork

B.bloodtypescanneverchangeyourlife

C.theideaaboutbloodgroupshaslittlescientificbasis

D.personalitytestsareexactlycorrect

5.Thispassageismainlyabout___________.

A.theoriginofbloodgroup

B.theeffectofthebloodgrouponpersonality

C.thesecretsofbloodgroups

D.thenewskillofhiringpeople

(3)

Whenyouwanttocallastoreoranofficethatyoudon’tcalloften,youmaylookthenumberupinatelephonebook.Youdial(拨)thenumber,andthenyouforgetit!Yourshort-term(短期)memorylastabout30seconds.However,youdon’tneedtolookinthetelephonebookforyourbestfriend’snumberbecauseyoualreadyknowit.Thisinformationisinyourlong-termmemory.Yourlong-termmemoryhaseverythingthatyourememberthroughtheyears.

Whydoyouforgetthingssometimes?Thereareseveralreasons.Animportantreasonforforgettingsomethingisthatyoudidn’tlearnitwellinthebeginning.Forexample,youmeetsomenewpeople,andsoonyouforgettheirnames.Youhearthenamesbutyoudon’tlearnthem,soyouforgetthem.

Youcanhelpyourselfrememberbetter.Moveinformationfromyourshort-termmemorytoyourlong-termmemory.Youcandothisifyoupractisethenewinformationformoretimes.

1.Whydoyouforgetthetelephonenumberthatyoudon’tcalloften?

A.Becausethetelephonenumberistoolong.

B.Becausethetelephonenumberisverystrange.

C.Becauseyoulookitupinthetelephonebook.

D.Becauseyouuseyourshort-termmemorytorememberit.

2.Whichiseasiertoforget?

A.Yourbestfriend’sname.B.Somethingthatyouunderstand.

C.Thenewinformationthatyouhavepractisedalot.

D.Somethingthatyoudidn’tlearnwellinthebeginning.

3.Howlongdoesaperson’sshort-termmemorylast?

A.Abouthalfasecond.B.Abouthalfaminute.

C.Abouthalfanhour.D.Abouthalfaday.

4.What’shelpfulforyoutorememberbetter?

A.Learnsomethingwellintheend.

B.Looksomethingupoften.

C.Useyourshort-termmemorytolearnthings.

D.Moveinformationfromyourshort-termmemorytoyourlong-termmemory.

5.Thewritermainlywantstotellussomeideasonhowto_______.

A.keepsomethinginmindlongB.learnaforeignlanguagewell

C.makeatelephonecallD.rememberaperson’sname

(4)

WhenCharlesStrattonwasfive,hestoppedgrowing.Hismothertookhimtoseethefamousshowman,P.T.Barnum.Mr.Barnumthoughtasmallpersonwouldbetheperfectadditiontohisshow.HehiredCharles’parentsalongwithhim,andtheytraveledtheworldtogether.

Hegavethetwo-foottallCharlesanewname,GeneralTomThumb.HetaughtTomhowtosing,dance,act,andtelljokes.WhenhefeltTomwasreadytoperformonstage,hemadeupads.Tostirupgreatinterest,hesaidthatTomwaselevenyearsoldandhadcomefromEngland.

Duringtheshow,Tomfoughtbattlespretendedlywithtallpeople.Healsodanceduponawoodenplateheldbyapersonwhowaseightfeettall.

Tom’sactwasverypopularandbroughtinalotofmoney.BythetimeTomwasanadult,hehadgrownveryrich.Hehadbecomeabillionaireattheageoftwenty-five.

FortunatelyforTom,Mr.Barnumaddedmorelittlepeopletohisshow,andTombecameluckyinloveaswell.OneofthelittlepeoplewasLaviniaWarren,aschoolteacher.Tomwasabletowinherlove,andtheymarried.

Theceremonyandreceptionwerethetalkofthetown.Theywereattendedbymanyrichandfamouspeopleandbyabouttwothousandguests.CrowdsfilledthestreetsofNewYorktohavealookattheirhoneymoon,justbeforethecouplewouldbegoingtoliveinTom’shouseinConnecticut.

Theirwedding,whichtookplaceduringtheCivilWar,providedawelcomeescapefromthesadproblemsofwar.Notwillingtoletthisbitofsunshinefade,communitiesthroughoutthecountrysponsored“TomThumb”weddings,smallboysandgirls,alldressedup,wentthroughmarriageceremonyforfun.

1.“talkofthetown”means________.

A.itwasinthenewspaper

B.peoplespreadrumorsaboutit

C.itwasthemostpopularthinghappening

D.itwasdiscussedinacitymeeting

2.WhatdoestheauthorthinkaboutTomThumb’swedding?

A.Peoplegaveittoomuchoftheirattention.

B.Ithelpedpeoplecheerupinadarktime.

C.Itwasfunnyandridiculous

D.TomandLaviniawerestupid.

3.WhichofthefollowingisthebestcluetothefactthatTomwassmart?

A.Hebecameabillionaireattwenty-five.

B.Helearnedhowtosing,dance,andactataveryyoungage.

C.HemetwithPresidentLincolnduringhishoneymoon.

D.Hemarriedaschoolteacher.

4.Tomewoulddanceonawoodenplateheldbyapersonwhowaseightfeettallbecause______.

A.thewoodenplatewouldmakeitsoundasifTomweretapdancing

B.itmadeTomefeeltaller

C.theeight-foot-tallmanwastheonlytallpersonTomtrusted

D.thedifferencebetweenthemwouldmakeTomlookevensmaller

5.Whatisthemainideaofthelastparagraph?

A.Weddingsalwaysmakepeoplefeelfullofsunshine.

B.Peoplearealwaysdisappointedduringwartime.

C.Entertainmentcanserveanimportantpurpose.

D.Peopleshouldbemarriedwhentheyaresmallchildren.

(5)

PatBrownwenttoherbanktoaskforanATM(自动取款机)card.Itlookslikeacreditcard.Afewweekslater,thebankpostedheracardandafour-numberpersonalidentificationnumber(PIN).HerPINis1234.

AsPatwasgettingreadyforbedonenight,sherememberedthatshehadonly$2inherbag.Thenextdayshehadtogive$10foralunchforaco-worker.Shedidn’twanttogetupearlytogotothebank.Soshehadtogotothebankthatnight.SheusedherATMcardtotakeout$50fromhercheckingaccount(账户).

Thesearethestepsshefollowedtowithdraw(提取)money.First,sheputhercardinthelowerslot(狭孔)ontherightsideofthemachine.Shemadesurehercardwasfacingtherightway.Second,thecomputerscreensaid,“PleaseenteryourPIN.”Patpressedthenumber1,2,3and4.Next,thescreensaid,“Pleaseselecttypeoftransaction(交易)youwantbypressingotherkeys.”Patpressedthebuttonkeyfortakingoutmoney.

Thenthescreensaid,“Fromwhichaccount?”ThechoicesitgavewereChecking,Savings,andMoneymarket.PatpressedthekeyforChecking.Next,thescreensaid,“Pleaseselectamount(数量)oftransaction(办理).”Patpushedthenumber5andthen0threetimes,andthescreenread,“50.00.”Thescreenthenread,“Pleasewait.”Inlessthanaminute,itread,“Pleaseliftthelidandtakeyourmoney.”

Patliftedthelidmarkedwithdraw(提取).Shecountedher$50tomakesuretheATMhadn’tmadeamistake.Thenshewaitedforherwithdrawalsliptocomeoutoftheslotattheupperrightcornerofthemachine.Patcheckedthesliptomakesureitwascorrect.ThenherATMcardwasreturnedthroughthecardslot.Sheputitinherbagandwalkedaway.IfPathadmadeamistakeatanypointbypressingthewrongbutton,shecouldhavepressedCancel(取消,删去)andstartedoveragain.

1.WhatwasPat’sfirststep?

A.Pressingthewithdrawalbutton.B.Inserting(插入)herATMcard.

C.Countinghermoney.

2.WhatdidPatdoatonceafterchoosingtheaccount?

A.Selectedwhethertowithdraw,deposit(存款),ortransfer(转帐,过户)money.

B.Liftedthelidandremovedhermoney.

C.Selectedtheamountofmoneyshewantedtowithdraw.

3.WhendidPatenterherPIN?

A.Rightafterinsertinghercard.B.Rightbeforeselectingtheaccount.

C.Rightbeforeselectingtheamountofmoney.

4.WhendidPatselectthetypeoftransaction?

A.Rightbeforereceivingherwithdrawalslip.B.RightafterrecordingherPIN.

C.Rightafterselectingwhichaccountshewanted.

5.WhatdidPatdowhenthescreensaid“Pleaseliftthelidandtakeyourmoney.”?

A.Tookher$50.B.Gotouthercard.C.Pickedupherwithdrawalslip.

(6)

Tomasteralanguageonemustbeabletospeakandunderstandthespokenlanguageaswellastoreadandwrite.LeninandhiswifeKrupskayatranslatedalongEnglishbookintoRussian.ButwhentheywenttoEnglandin1902,Englishpeoplecouldn’tunderstandawordtheysaidandtheycouldn’tunderstandwhatwassaidtothem.ThesedaysmoreandmoreforeignersarecomingtoChinaandmoreChinesearegoingouttoforeigncountriestoworkorstudy.Sothespokenlanguageisbecomingmoreandmoreimportant.

Speaking,ofcourse,can’tgowithoutlistening.Ifyouwanttopronounceawordcorrectly,firstyoumusthearitcorrectly.ThysoundsoftheChineseandEnglishlanguagesarenotexactlythesame.Ifyoudon’tlistencarefully,you’llfinditdifficultorevenimpossibletounderstandthenativespeakers.

Well,whataboutwriting?Likespeaking,it’stoexchangeideas.Peoplegenerallyuseshorterwordsandshortersentencesintheirwriting.Theimportantthingistomakeyourideaclearinyourheadandthentowriteitinclearlivelylanguage.

Chinesestudentsreadfartooslowly.Ifyoureadfast,youunderstandbetter.Ifyoureadtooslowly,bythetimeyouhavereachedtheendofapageyouhaveforgottenwhatthebeginningisabout.Whenyoumeetwithnewwords,don’tlookthemupinthedictionary.Guessthemeaningfromthecontext.Youmaynotguessquitecorrectlythefirsttime,butasnewwordscomeupagainandagainindifferentcontexts,theirmeaningwillbecomeclearerandclearer.Ifyoulookupeveryword,you’llneverfinishabook.

Studentsofaforeignlanguageneedaparticularknowledge,theknowledgeofthelife,historyandgeographyofthepeoplewhoselanguagetheyarestudying.Theyshouldstudythesesubjectsintheforeignlanguage,notonlyintranslation.Inthiswayonecankilltwobirdswithonestone:learnaforeignlanguageandgetsomeknowledgeoftheforeigncountryatthesametime.

1.Howmanypointsarethereinthepassage?

A.TwoB.ThreeC.FourD.Five

2.Inhisfirstpointthewritertoldus____________.

A.howtospeakEnglish

B.howtoreadandwrite

C.whyspokenEnglishisimportant

D.whyEnglishpeoplecouldn’tunderstandLenin

3.Inhislastpointthewriteradvisedus____________.

A.tokilltwobirdswithonestone

B.tolearntwolanguagesatatime

C.tostudyallthesubjectsinaforeignlanguage

D.togetsomeknowledgeoftheforeigncountrywhoselanguageyouarestudying

4.Inthefourthparagraphthewritergavesomeadviceon___________.

A.howtoreadfaster

B.howtoguessthemeaningfromthecontext

C.howtolookupnewwordsinthedictionary

D.howtograspthegeneralmeaningofapassage

5.“Tokilltwobirdswithonestone”means___________.

A.togetsomeparticularknowledgeB.togetmorethanwhatonepays

C.thestoneistoobigD.thebirdsareblindenough

(7)

February14th,Valentine’sDay,isacomplicatedbutinterestingoccasion.Firstofall,Valentine’sDayisnotaholidayfromwork.Noonegetsadayoff.Inmanycountriesitisobservedbysendingcardstoyourfriendsandcandyorflowerstoyourhusbandorwifeifyou’remarried,ortoyourboyfriendorgirlfriendifyou’renotmarried.InJapan,somegirlsevengivetheirfatherschocolates.

WhyisthisholidayforpeopleinlovecalledValentine’sDay?

OneexplanationcomesfromaChristianmanwhosenamewassomethinglike“Valentine”.HelivedatatimewhentheRomanEmperorrefusedtoallowanyRomansoldierstogetmarriedforanyreason.ManycouplescametoValentinetobemarried.SohewouldsecretlymarrytheminaChristianceremony.HewasdiscoveredandputinprisonbytheEmperor.Onetraditionsaysthathewrotenotestohisfriendsbymarkingonleavesandthenthrowingthemoutofthewindowofhisprison.Theleaveswereshapedlikeaheart.ValentinewaskilledonFebruary14thandValentine’sDayrecallshistragicdeath.

OnValentine’sDay,AmericanelementaryschoolchildrenmakeorbuyValentinecards,writethenameofaclassmateonthem,andtakethemtoschoolandputtheminaspecialValentine’sDaybox.Andthenonthatdaytheboxisopened,thecardsaretakenoutandgivenout.

1.WhichofthefollowingistrueaboutValentine’sDay?

A.Itisobservedbysendingflowerstoone’shusbandorwife.

B.ChildreninJapangivetheirfatherschocolates.

C.Itisalegalholidayinmanycountries.

D.Peoplesendcandytoeachother.

2.ThemancalledValentinewasputinprisonbecause________.

A.HesecretlygotmarriedinaChristianceremony

B.Hehelpedpeoplegetmarriedwhenlovewasnotallowed

C.HehelpedRomansoldiersgetmarried

D.HewantedtokilltheRomanEmperor

3.SohewouldsecretlymarrytheminaChristianceremony.“marry”isclosestinmeaningto________.

A.Whichpriestisgoingtomarrythem?

B.Shehasmarriedoffallherdaughters.

C.I’mgladHubertmarriedagirlofspirit.

D.Atpresentshedoesn’tintendtomarryatall.

4.PeoplecelebrateValentine’sDay_________.

A.totakeadayoffB.inmemoryofValentineC.C.toshowtheirloveD.bothBandC

5.Americanschoolchildrendon’t_______onValentine’sDay.

A.buyValentinecards

B.makecardsfortheirteachers

C.giveeachotherValentinecards

D.puttheircardsinaValentine’sDaybox

(8)

Manypeoplegotoschoolforaneducation.Theylearnlanguages,history,politics,geography,physics,chemistryandmathematics.Othersgotoschooltolearnaskillsothattheycanmakealiving.Schooleducationisveryimportantanduseful.Yet,noonecanlearneverythingfromschool.Ateacher,nomatterhowmuchheknows,cannotteachhisstudentseverythingtheywanttoknow.Theteacher’sjobistoshowhisstudentshowtolearn.Heteachesthemhowtoreadandhowtothink.So,muchmoreistobelearnedoutsideschoolbythestudentsthemselves.

Itisalwaysmoreimportanttoknowhowtostudybyoneselfthantomemorizesomefactsoraformula.Itisactuallyquiteeasytolearnacertainfactinhistoryoraformulainmathematics.Butitisverydifficulttouseaformulainworkingoutamathproblem.Greatscientistsbeforeusdidn’tgeteverythingfromschool.Theirteachersonlyshowedthemtheway.Edisondidn’tevenfinishprimaryschool.Buttheywereallsosuccessful.Theyinventedsomanythingsformankind.Thereasonfortheirsuccessisthattheyknewhowtostudy.Theyreadbooksthatwerenottaughtatschool.Theywouldaskmanyquestionsastheyread.Theydidthousandsofexperiments.Theyworkedhardalltheirlives,wastingnotasinglemoment.Aboveall,theyknewhowtousetheirbrain.

1.Peoplegotoschoolto_________.

A.learnseveralsubjectsB.makealiving

C.getaneducationD.learnfromteachers

2.Accordingtothepassage,themostimportantthingateachershoulddois_________.

A.toteacherhisstudentseverythingheknows

B.toknoweverything

C.toteachthestudentshowtothink

D.toteachthestudentshowtostudybythemselves

3.Toworkoutamathproblem,youneedtoknow_________.

A.onlyacertainformulaB.morethanoneformula

C.somefactsD.themethodtosolveit

4.Whyweremanyscientistssosuccessful?

A.Theyreceivedgoodeducation.

B.Theywereveryclever.

C.Theyknewhowtolearn.

D.Theylearnedlotsoffactsandformulas.

5.Howdidgreatscientistsstudy?

A.Theyreadalotofbooksandaskedmanyquestionswhilereading.

B.Theydidthousandsofexperiments.

C.Theyalwaysworkedhardandneverwastedtime.

D.Alloftheabove.

(9)

Thecustomsindifferentcountriesareratherdifferent.IfIhavedinnerwithaChinesehost,healwaysputsmorefoodontomyplatesassoonasIhaveemptiedthem.Itoftendiscomfortsmegreatly.IhavetoeatthefoodevenifIdon’twantto,becauseitisconsideredbadmannersintheWesttoleaveone’sfoodontheplate.IhavealreadynoticedthatwhenaChinesesitsatanAmerican’sdinnerparty,heveryoftenrefusestheofferoffoodordrinkthoughheisinfactstillhungryorthirsty.Thismightbegoodmannersinchina,butitisnotintheWestatall.IntheUSitisimpolitetokeepaskingsomeoneagainandagainorinsistonhimacceptingsomething.Americanshaveadirectwayofspeaking.Iftheywantsomething,theywillaskforit.Ifnot,theywillsay“No,thanks”.WhenanAmericanisfedwithbeerbythehost,forexample,hemightsay,“No,thanks,I’lltakesomeDiet.Pepsy–colaifyouhaveit.”ThatiswhatanAmericanwilldo.SowhenyougototheUS,youhadbetterrememberthefamoussaying,“WheninRome,doastheRomansdo”.

1.Fromthepassage,weknowthattheChineseareusually_______totheguests.

A.eagertogivealltheyhaveB.polite

C.impoliteD.cold

2.WhenaforeignerhasdinnerwithaChinesehost,heoftenfeels_________.

A.pleasantB.uncomfortableC.satisfiedD.happy

3.WhydoesaChineseoftenrefusetheofferoffoodordrinkatadinnerparty?Because_______.

A.hehashadenoughB.heisshy

C.heisafraidthatotherswilllaughathimD.hethinksit’spolitetodothat

4.WhenanAmericanwantssomethingtoeatordrinkatdinner,hewill_________.

A.goandtakeithimselfB.refusethehostsoffer

C.askforitdirectlyD.askanothertofetchitforhim

5.“WheninRome,doastheRomansdo.”Means________.

A.whenyougettoRome,youshouldactastheRomansdo

B.whenyoustayinRome,youshoulddoastheRomansdo

C.whenyouareinanewcountry,youshoulddoasthenativesdo

D.Romanscanbeexampleforyou

(10)

Whenwecanseewell,wedon’tthinkaboutoureyesveryoften.Itisonlywhenwecannotseeperfectlythatwecometoseehowimportantoureyesare.

Peoplewhoarenearsightedcanonlyseethingsthatareveryclosetotheireyes.Manypeoplewhodoalotofclosework,suchaswriting,readingandsewing,becomenearsighted.Thentheyhavetowearglassesinordertoseedistantthingsclearly.

Peoplewhoarefarsightedsufferfromjusttheoppositeproblem.Theycanseethingsthatarefaraway,buttheyhavedifficultyreadingabookunlesstheyholditatarm’slength.Iftheywanttodomuchreading,theymustgetglasses,too.

Otherpeopledonotseeclearlybecausetheireyesarenotexactlytherightshape.This,too,canbecorrectedbyglasses.Somepeople’seyesbecomecloudybecauseofcataracts（白内障）.Longagothesepeopleoftenbecameblind.Now,however,itispossibletooperateonthecataractsandremovethem.

Whennightfalls,coloursbecomefaintertotheeyesandfinallydisappear.Afteryoureyeshavegrownusedtothedark,youcanseebetterifyouusethesidesofyoureyesratherthanthecenters.Sometimes,afterdark,youcanseeasmallthingtoonesideofyou,whichseemstodisappearifyouturnyourheadinitsdirection.Thisisbecausewhenyouturnyourhead,youarelookingatthethingtoodirectly.Menonguarddutysometimesthinktheyseesomethingmovingtoonesideofthem.Whentheyturntolookstraightatit,theycan’tseeitanymore,andtheybelievetheyweremistaken.However,thismistakehappensbecausethecenteroftheeye,whichisverysensitiveindaylight,isnotassensitiveasthesidesoftheeyeafterdark.

1.Wedon’tknowthatoureyesareofgreatimportanceuntil___.

A.wethinkaboutoureyesB.wecannotseeclearly

C.wewearglassesD.wehavetodomuchreading

2.Accordingtothepassage,a_________ismorelikelytobenearsightedthantheaverageperson.

A.tailorB.doctorC.guardD.driver

3.Thosewhosufferfromcataracts_________.

A.willbecomeblindB.can’tbecured

C.maybecuredD.mustmovetootherplaces

4.Peoplewhoarefarsighted_________.

A.cannotdoalotofcloseworkwithoutglasses

B.canonlyseethingsthatareveryclosetotheireyes

C.havedifficultyreadingabookiftheyholditatarm’slength

D.havethesameproblemasthenearsightedpeople

5.Toseeasmallthingatnight,itisbettertolook_________.

A.withwideopeneyesB.withhalf-shutornarroweyes

C.straightatitD.inaslightlydifferentdirection

(11)

Hi,dearboysandgirls!Doyouknowhowtobeahealthykid?Herearesomerulesyoushouldfollow.

First,eatdifferentfoods,especiallyfruitandvegetables.Youmayhaveafavouritefood,butyoudbettereatsomethingdifferent,ifyoueatdifferentfoods,youwillprobablygetmorenutrients(营养物质)yourbodyneeds.

Second,drinkwaterandmilkasoftenaspossible.Whenyourereallythirsty,coldwateristheNo.lchoice(选择).Milkisagreatdrinkthatcangiveyoumorecalcium(钙)yourbodyneedstogrowstrongbones(骨头).

Third,listentoyourbody.Howdoyoufeelwhenyouarefull?Whenyouareeating,noticehowyourbodyfeelsandwhenyourstomach(胃)feelscomfortablyfull.Eatingtoomuchwillnotmakeyoufeelcomfortableandmakeyoufat.

Fourth,limit(限制)screentime.ScreentimeisthetimeyouwatchTV,DVDsandvideos,orusingcomputers.Itisgoodtotakemoreexercisesuchasbasketball,bikeridingandswimming.YoucantwatchTVformorethantwohoursaday.

Fifth,beactive.Onethingyoudliketodoasakidistofindoutwhichactivityyoulikebest.Findwaystobeactiveeveryday.

Followtheserulesandyoucanbeahealthykid.

1.Youshouldeatdifferentfoodsespecially___.

A.meatB.hamburgersC.sweetsD.fruitandvegetables　

2.Whichkindofdrinkscangiveyoumorecalcium?

A.JuiceB.Milk　C.ColdwaterD.Tea

3.Accordingtothepassage,youshouldfollow　＿＿rulesifyouwanttobehealthy.

A.fiveB.nine　C.fifteenD.thirteen

4.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisTRUE?

A.Whenyoureeating,youdonthavetonoticehowyourbodyfeels.

B.Youcaneatyourfavouritefoodasmuchaspossible.

C.YoucanwatchTVwheneveryouliketogetmoreinformation.

D.Weshouldtrytoliveinanactivewayinourlife.

5.Whichisthebesttitleforthepassage?

A.Howtomakeyourselfimportant

B.Howtobeahealthykid

C.Howtobeapopularkid

D.Howtomakeyourparentshealthy

(12)

A12-manChineseteamlandedontheAntarcticicecap(南极冰盖最高点)peakonJanuary18.TheyarethefirstpeopletoreachthepeakofDomeA(海穹A).Itis4,039metersabovesealevel(海拔).

Theteambuiltastationtheretostudythechangesoftheweather,geticesamples(标本)from150metersto200metersbelow,anddootherstudies.Sofar,theteamhasgotnearly100-meterlongicesamplesfromaplaceabout300metersundertheicecappeak.

ItisthefirsttimethatpeoplehavebeenabletogetsamplesfromtheicecappeakinAntarcticaanditisveryimportantforpeopletostudytheweatherchangesandenvironmentalchangesinthisarea(地区).

TheChinesescientistshavealsobuiltaweatherstudysystem(系统)atthepeak.Thesystemcansendoutinformationabouttemperature,howstrongthewindis,andmanyotherthingsabouttheweather.

TheAntarcticicecapmakesup70%oftheearthsfreshwater(淡水).BystudyingDomeA,scientistscangetthelowesttemperatureoftheearthandotherinformationabouttheworldsweatherchanges.WecantgetthisinformationfromotherplacesontheearthbecauseDomeAisthebestplaceforthiskindofstudies.SoitisveryimportanttolandonthepeakofDomeA.

1.HowmanyChinesefirstlandedontheAntarcticicecappeak?

A.18B.12C.150D.200

2.Theteamhasgotabout100-meterlongicesamples___.

A.from150metersto200metersbelow

B.fromaplaceabout300metersbelow

C.from200metersto250metersbelow

D.fromaplaceabout150metersbelow

3.Theybuiltaweatherstudysystemtoget___.

A.theearthsfreshwater　B.icesamplesfromthepeak

C.informationabouttheweather　D.thenewsaboutothercountries

4.Choosethyrightorder(顺序)accordingtothispassage.

①Theybuiltastationtostudythechangesoftheweather.

②ACliineseteamlandedontheAntarcticicecappeak.

③TheChinesescientistsbuiltaweatherstudysystem.

④Theygoticesamplesfromtheicecappeak.

A.②①④③　B.②①③④　C.③②①④　D.②③④①

5.Fromthispassage,wecaninfer(推断):AftertheChineseteamlandedontheAntarcticicecappeak,___.

A.wecangothereforholidays

B.theworldsweathermustbebetterandbetter

C.thepeakwillbethebestplaceforpeopletolivein

D.ourcountrywilldobetterintheworldsweatherresearch

(13)

Thetotalareaoflandonearthisestimated(估计)as149millionsquarekilometres,orabout29percentofthetotalareaoftheearth.

Themean(平均)heightofthelandisabout750metersabovethesealevel.

TheEurasian(欧亚的)landmassisthelargestwithanareaof54,527,000squarekilometres.ThesmallestcontinentistheAustralianmainland,withanareaofabout7,614,600squarekilometres,whichtogetherwithTasmania,NewZealand,NewGuineaandthePacificIslands,isdescribedasOceania(大洋州).ThetotalareaofOceaniaisabout8,935,500squarekilometres,includingWestIranwhichisinAsia.

Theworld’slargestpeninsula(半岛)isArabian,withanareaofabout3,327,500squarekilometres.ThelargestislandintheworldisGreenland,withanareaofabout2,175,600squarekilometres.Thelargestislandsurrounded(环绕)byfreshwaterisLihadeMaraja(4,022squarekilometres)inthemouthoftheAmazonRiver,Brazil.ThelargestislandinalakeisManitoulinIsland(2,766squarekilometres)intheCanadiansectionoftheLakeHuron.Thisislanditselfhasonitalakeof106squarekilometrescalledManitouLake,inwhichthereareseveralisland.

1.Oceaniaismadeupof______.

A.TasmaniaandNewZealandB.Australia

C.NewGuineaandthePacificIslandsD.alloftheabove

2.Thelargestislandsurroundedbyfreshwater,whichhasanareaof4,022squarekilometres,isin______.

A.ariverB.alakeC.aseaD.anocean

3.LakeHuronlies______.

A.inCanadaB.neartoCanadaC.partlyinCanadaD.inBrazil

4.WhichofthefollowingdiagramsshowsthecorrectrelationshipbetweenManitoulinIsland(MI),LakeHuron(LH),ManitouLake(ML),andthe“severalislands”(SL)mentionedattheendofthepassage?

(14)

MarkHartmannisinthethirdgrade,buthecannotreadorwrite.Hemakesloudsoundsfromhischairandwaveshishandsaroundhisheadallthetime.Hecannotlistenformorethantwominutesatatime.Sometimes,hehitstheotherchildren.Sometimes,healsohitshisteacher.

MarkHartmannhasautism(孤独症).Hisbraincannotorganize(组织)andmanageinformationclearly.Hedoesnotunderstandtheworldorthepeoplearoundhim.

Theschoolprincipal(校长)saysthattheotherchildrenlosetwomuchlearningtimewhenMarkisintheirclassroom.ShethinksMarkcangetabettereducationataspecialprogramnearby.There,teachersknowhowtotakecareofstudentswithautism.

ButMark’sparentsdonotwanthimtogothere.Infact,alawwasmadein1988.Itsaysthatstudentswithdisabilities(残疾)canbeinregular(正常的)classes.Thisgivesthemthesamechancesforsuccessaseveryoneelse.

TheHartmannusedtoliveinChicago.Markwenttoregularclassesthere.Markhadhelpfromsomespecialteachers,andtheprogramwasverygoodforhim.“Hewaspartoftheschool,”Mrs.Hartmanntoldreporters.“Healsolearnedtoholdhandswithsomeofthechildreninhisclass.”

Answerthequestions.

1.HowdoesMarkactintheclassroom?

A.Hecannotpayattentionverywell.

B.Heshoutsfromhischair.

C.Hehitsotherchildren.

D.Alloftheabove

2.Paragraph2explains______.

A.autismB.Mark’sideaC.Mark’sschoollife

3.The1988lawsaysthatdisabledstudentscanhave______.

A.morechancesthaneveryoneelse

B.fewerchancesthaneveryoneelse

C.thesamechancesaseveryoneelse

D.differentchancesfromeveryoneelse

5.Whatisgoodaboutthe“specialprogram”nearby?

A.Theteachersthereknowmoreaboutautism.

B.ItisclosetoMark’shome.

C.Marklikestheprogram.

(15)

Treesareusefultomeninthreeimportantways:Theyprovidethemwithwoodandotherproducts(产品),theygivethemshade(树荫),andtheyhelptopreventdroughtandfloods.

Unfortunately,inmanypartsoftheworld,menhavenotrealized(功能)isthemostimportant.Intheireagerness(渴望)tomakemoneyformtrees,somepeoplehavecuttreesdowninlargenumbers,onlytofindthatwithoutthemtheyhavelostthebestfriendstheyhad.Andbesides(此外),theyareusuallytoocarelesstoplantandlookafternewtrees,sotheforestsslowlydisappear.

Thisdoesn’tonlymeanthatmenwillhavefewertrees.Theresultsareevenmoreserious:wheretherearetrees,theirroots(根)breakupsoil—allowingtheraintosinkinandalsobind(固定)thesoil,thus(因而)preventingitfrombeingwashedawayeasily,butwheretherearenotrees,therainfallsandcarryingawaytherichtop—soil.Whenallthetop—soilisgone,nothingremains(剩下)butworthlessdesert.

1.Themostimportantserviceoftreestomenis____.

A.theygivepeoplewoodandotherproducts

B.theygivepeopleshadeandcool

C.theyhelppeoplepreventdroughtandfloods

D.theyhelppeoplemakemoney

2.Whatdoes“Unfortunately”meaninChinese?

A.不可能的B.不幸的C.不经常的D.不固定的

3.Landbecomesdesertafteralltreesartecutdown,because____.

A.thereistoomuchrain

B.therearenomoretreestokeeptherichtop—soilfrombeingcarriedawaybyfloods

C.thereisastrongwind

D.rootsoftreesbreakupthesoil

4.Peoplecutdownmanytreesbecause____.

A.theywantedtogetwoodfromthem

B.theywantedtogetmoneyfromthem

C.theydidn’trealizetheimportanceofthem

D.alltheabove

5.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?

A.Treerootscanmakethetop—soilrichandthegroundhard.

B.Treescanmaketherainsinkintotheground.

C.Treescanpreventdroughtandfloods.

D.Treerootscanbreakupsoil.

SectionFour

Answerthefollowingquestionsaccordingtothepassage.

(1)

IhavebeeninEnglandfor3monthsnow.Ihopeyoudon’tthinkI’veforgottenyou.TherearesomanyplacestoseeandsomanythingstodothatI’venothadmuchtimeforwritingletters.

IshallsoonbestartingmystudiesatKing’sCollege.SofarI’vebeenlearningaboutEnglandandBritishwaysofliving.Iwon’ttellyouaboutLondon.Thereareplentyofbooksyoucanreadandlotsofpicturesyoucanlookat.I’msureyou’llbemoreinterestedtoknowwhatIthinkaboutlifehere.

Ifindsomeofthecustoms(习俗)newandinteresting.PeopleheredonotshakehandsasmuchaswedointheEuropeancontinent.DuringthefirstweeksIwasoftensurprisedbecausepeopledidnotputouttheirhandswhenImetthem.Menraisetheirhatstowomenbutnottoeachother.

1.Whodoyouthinkwrotetheletter,anAmerican,aBritishoraFrench?

2.WhatdidthewriterofthelettergotoLondonfor?

3.Whydidn’tthewriterreplysoonafterhearrived?

4.Britishpeopledon’tshakehandsasoftenasEuropeanpeople,dothey?

5.Arewomenrespected(受尊敬)bymeninBritain?

(2)

Theclockstruck(敲)eight,butIwasstillonthebed.Icouldhearitwasblowingstrongly.“Itmustbewindyoutside,”Ithought.

Icametothesmalltownaweekago.Isoldsomeclothestoashop.ChristmaswascomingandIhopedtobuysomepresentsformyfamilyandfriends.SoItriedtomeetthemanagerandaskhimtopayforthem.Iwasoutofluck.HewenttoLondonandIhadtowaitforhimhere.Therewasnotheatreherebutacinema.Thefilmswerealltooold.Ipreferredstayinginthesmallhoteltosittinginthecoldcinema.

Halfanhourlater,Ifelthungry.Ihadtogetup.Itwaswhiteeverywhereandsomechildrenwereskiingdownthehill.Onmywaytothesmallrestaurant,Isawaboyfallontoarock(岩石).Irantohimquicklyandcarriedhimtoahospital.Soonhisparentscamehere.NowIknewtheboywasjustthemanager’sson.Hethankedmeverymuchandgavemethemoneyafterwehadadinner.

1.Whatwastheweatherliketoday?

_______________________________________

2.Whatdidthewritercometothetownfor?

_______________________________________

3.Whydidthewriterpreferstayinginthehotel?

_______________________________________

4.Whendidthewritergetup?

______________________________________

5.Whydidthemangerthankthewriter?

______________________________________

(3)

Therelivedalawyer(律师)inatown.Thelawyerwasverycleverbutstingy(吝啬的).Peopleallknewthatthelawyerneverpaidotherswhenheaskedotherstodosomethingfromhim.

Onedaythelawyer’swifewasbadlyill.Thelawyeraskedadoctorforhelp.Thedoctorwasreadytocometoseethesickwomanandtryhisbesttocureher.Butthedoctorstoppedbeforehewentintothelawyer’shouse,forthedoctorknewthatveryoftenthelawyerdidnotpayothers.Thedoctorsaidtothelawyer,“ButifIcureyourwife,I’mafraidyouwillnotpayme.”

“Sir,”answeredthelawyer,“hereIhavealotofmoney.Whetheryoucureorkillmywife,I’llgiveyousomemoney.”

Thedoctorwasgladtohearthatandwentintothehouse.Thewomanwasdying.Thedoctortriedeverythingpossibletosaveher,butstillshediedintheend.Hetoldthelawyerhewasverysorry,andthenaskedforpay.“Didyoukillmywife?”askedthelawyer.“OfcourseIdidn’t,”saidthedoctor.“Well,didyoucuremywife?”thelawyeraskedagain.“Youknowthatwasimpossible,”answeredthedoctor.

“Wellthen,sinceyoudidn’tkillorcureher,Ihavenothingtopayyou.”

1.Didthelawyerpayothersanymoneywhenheaskedthemtodosomething?

____________________________________

2.Whatkindofpersonwasthedoctor?

____________________________________

3.Whydidthedoctoragreetocurethelawyer’swife?

____________________________________

4.Whathappenedtothelawyer’swife?

_____________________________________

5.Didthedoctorgetanymoneyfromthelawyerintheend?

_____________________________________

(4)

Isitpossibletosendmessagestosomeoneanywhereintheworldwithoutputtingastamponit?It’seasytodoso.Usingcomputersyoucansende-mailquicklyandeasily.Ifyouhaveane-mailaddress,youcanwrite,sendandreceivemessages.

E-mailisthemostinexpensivewaytocommunicate.Youcansendmessageatanytimeofdayornighttopeopleallovertheworldwithoutpayingforalong-distancecall.Manycompaniesusee-mailforpeopleintheirofficeorinotherofficetocommunicatewithoneanother.Youcansendthesamemessagetofiftypeopleormore.Itdoesn’tmatterifyourfriendsareinbedwhenyousende-mailtothem,oryouareseeingafilmatthecinemawhentheysende-mailback.Manyschoolsanduniversitiesgivee-mailaddresstotheirstudents.E-mailaddressesarebecomingascommonasphonenumbers,butitcanalsomakeourlivesmorecomplicated.

1.Whatdoyouneedtosendandreceivee-mail?

_______________________________________

2.Whichischeaperandfastertosendmessages,bye-mailorbypost?

___________________________________________

3.Whenandwherecane-mailbesent?

______________________________

4.Youcan’tgetanye-mailswhenyouareout,canyou?

___________________________________________

5.Doyouthinkit’shelpfultousee-mailornot?Why?

__________________________________________

(5)

Inthetimeittakesyoutoreadthissentence,thepopulationoftheworldwillhavegrownbytenpeople.Thatmaynotsoundmuch,butitis9,000peopleinanhour,1.5millionaweek,or79millionayear.ThatisthesameasaddingmostofthepopulationofGermanytotheworldeveryyear.

Mostofthesenewpeoplewerebornindevelopingcountries.ThesecountriesarefoundinmuchofAfrica,SouthAmericaandpartsofAsia.InthedevelopedcountriesofEuropeandNorthAmerica,thepopulationisgrowingveryslowly.Thisisbecausewomeninthesecountrieshave,onaverage,onlyoneortwochildren.Inthedevelopingcountries,manywomenhavefiveormorechildren.In1950,aroundonequarteroftheworld’spopulationlivedinthedevelopedcountries.By2050,thesecountrieswillbehometoonlyaroundonetenthoftheworld’speople.

Inthedevelopingcountries,morethanonebillionpeoplealreadylivebelowthepoverty(贫困)line.Thesepeopledonothaveenoughfoodtoeatandtheyliveinpoorhousing;childrengetlittleornotimeatschoolandpeoplesuffer(遭受痛苦)frommanykindsofdiseases.

Atthebeginningofthe21stcentury,theworld’spopulationwasaroundsixbillionpeople.TheUNhassaidthattheworld’spopulationwillleveloffat12.5billionpeoplebytheyear2100.Othergroupsthinktheworld’spopulationwillcontinuetogrow,reaching14billionpeoplebeforeitbecomesstable(稳定的),orevenfalls.

1.Howmanypeopleareaddedtotheworld’spopulationanhour?

__________________________________________________

2.Developingcountriescanbefoundinwhatareasoftheworld?

__________________________________________________

3.In1950,whatpercentageoftheworld’spopulationlivedindevelopingcountries?

__________________________________________________

4.Whatareexamplesthatshowpeoplearelivingbelowthepovertyline?

__________________________________________________

5.Therewillbetwelveandahalfbillionpeopleontheearthin2100accordingtotheUN,won’tthere?

___________________________________________________

(6)

Manypeopledon’tliketostayathomeonholidays.Theywanttogoouttoseesomethingdifferentordosomethingexciting.Sopeoplefromthecountrycometothecityandpeoplefromthecitygotothecountryforholidays.Duringtheholidays,trains,busesandplanesareallverybusy.It’sveryhardtobuytrainticketsorairtickets.Manypeopletakecarsorbusesfortraveling.

LastMayDay,myfamilywenttothecountrybycarforourholiday.Therewastoomuchtrafficontheroad.Sowehadtomoveveryslowly.Ittookusaboutanhourtogetoutofthetown.Aftersometime,wecametoahill.Itwasgreenandbeautiful.Wethoughtthiswasagoodplaceforapicnic.Sowestoppedandtookthefood,fruitanddrinkoutofthecar.Wesatdownandbegantoeat.Suddenlyastrongwindblewandsoonitstartedtorain.Wehadtorunbacktoourcarandhaveourpicnicinthecar.Thenwedrovebackhome.Whatasadtrip!

1.Whydopeoplesonholidays?

____________________________________

2.Whatoftenhappensonholidays?

_____________________________________

3.Whyisithardtobuytrainticketsorairtickets?

_____________________________________

4.WheredidthefamilygolastMayDay?

_____________________________________

5.Didtheyhaveagoodtrip?Whyorwhynot?

_____________________________________

(7)

AstheInternetgetsmoreandmorepopularinChina,BillGatesandhisMicrosofthavebecomewell-knowntotheChineseyoungpeople.ButfewpeopleknowMichaelDell,anotherwizard(天才)oftheinformationage.

Dell,39,isheadofDellComputer,thesecondlargestPCcompanyintheUnitedStates.Hiscompanywasabletodefeatlargercompetitors(对手)andsellthecomputersatlowerpricesbecausetheydidn’tusethedistributors(批发商).

Whilehewasafirst-yearstudentattheuniversityofTexas,Dellused$1,000tostartabusinesssellingcomputeraccessories(配件).Hewouldbuyparts,putthemtogetherintoupgradedpersonalcomputersandsellthemdirectlytocustomers(顾客).Hesucceededbykeepinghismindfirmlyondoingbusinessinsteadofmakingmoney.

Dellsometimesreturnedtotheuniversitytospeaktobusinessstudents.Oneofthemaskedtheyoungbillionaire(亿万富翁)whyhestillkeptworking.

“You’vegotsomuchmoney,”hesaid.“Whydon’tyoujustsellout,andbuyaboatandsailofftotheCaribbean?”

Delllookedathimandreplied,“Sailingisnotthatinteresting.Doyouhaveanyideahowmuchfunitistorunabillion-dollarcompany?”

1.WhendidDellbeginhisbusiness?

2.WhywasDellComputerabletosellpersonalcomputersatlowerpricesthanitsbiggercompetitors?

3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“upgraded”meaninEnglishorChinese?

4.IsDellveryinterestedinrunningabigcomputercompanyormakingmoney?

(8)

Coffeehasbeenapartofpeople’slifeforthousandsofyears,andtodayitisstillafavouritedrinkofmillionsofpeopleintheworld.Coffeeissopopular,butdoyouknowthestoryofcoffeeandhowitwasdiscovered?

ThereisanoldstorythatsayscoffeewasdiscoveredinAfricalong,longtimeago.Oneday,afarmerwaswatchinghisgoats,andhesawthemeatsomesmallberriesfromaplant.Aftertheyatetheberries,thegoatsbecameveryactive.Themanoftenfelttired,sohedecidedtotrytheberriestoo.Surprisingly,hedidnotfeeltiredanymore.Coffeeplantswerethusdiscovered.ThencoffeewastakenfromAfricatoArabia,andthereitwasfirstusedasmedicine.TheArabskeptcoffeeasecretformanyyears.Later,coffeecametoTurkey,thenItaly,thenFrance.FromEurope,thecoffeeplantwastakentoAmerica.PeoplefoundthatcoffeeplantsgrewwellinmanypartsofSouthAmerica,solargecoffeefarmswerestarted,andmanycoffeeplantsweregrown.Onthesefarms,coffeebeanswerepickedfromtheplantsbyhand.Thenthebeansweredriedandpreparedformarkettosell.Differentcoffeebeansweremixedtogethertoproducedifferentkindsofcoffee.Coffeewassenttoallovertheworld,andsoonbecameverypopular.

1.Wheredidcoffeecomefrom?

2.Whodiscoveredit?How?

3.DidcoffeecometoEuropeshortlyafteritwasdiscovered?

4.WhatwascoffeefirstusedasinArabia?

5.WhywerelargecoffeefarmsstartedinSouthAmerica?

6.Howdidpeoplegetcoffeebeansfromtheplants?

7.Whydidpeoplemixdifferentcoffeebeanstogether?

SectionFive

Task-basedReading:Finishoffthetasksaccordingtowhatyouread.

(1)

ACTORSANDACTRESSES385－399MAPS(COLOUR)517－528

MUSEUMS454－469MEDICALEDFELOPMENTS492

ANIMALS493－496HOLIDAYS841－873

ART,FAMOUS480－481PLANTSRIVERS108－109,

114－115

HIGHWAYS131－141NATIONALPARKS747－749

BOOKS,BESTSELLERS476COUNTRIES529－615

DISCOVERIRESANDINVENTIONS336－338PASSORTS142－144

ENVIRONMENT80－101POPULATION616－619

EDUCATION284－321POSTALINFORMATION1033－1039

FLAGSOFTHEWORLD(COLOUR)513－516SPORTS884－978

1.Youcanfindtheinformationonelephantsonpages_______________.

2.IfyouwanttoknowmoreaboutChinesefilmstarJackieChan,youshouldsearchwith_______________onpages385-399.

3.Onewholikessurfingcanfindtheinformationabouttohowtosurfonpages_______________.

A.142-144B.841-873C.D.517-528

4.IfyouareinterestedinThomasEdison,youmaysearch_______________.

(2)

Newwords:1.familiar熟悉的2.grocerystore副食商店3.regular固定的4.container5.oz是ounce（盎司）的缩写形式，1磅＝16盎司hj

1.Theregularpriceofbonelessbarbecueis_______.

2.Ifyoubuythreepoundsofchickenonsale,yourtotalsavingis_______.

3.Supposeyouneed2.5poundsofstrawberriestomakeicecreamandyouwillbuy_______containers.

4.EightpeoplearecomingtoyourFourthofJulypicnic.Iffiveearsofcornare$1,oneearcosts_______.

(3)

Whatisbirdflu?Whenbirds,wildordomestic(家养的),catchaflu,theymaypassthevirustoeachother.Themostdangerousvirusescankillbirdswithinhours.

Peoplemaycatchthediseasewhenhandlingbirdsortheirwaste.Scientistsnowworrythatmigratorywildbirdsmightpassthediseasetodomesticbirds.Thiscouldputmorepeopleindanger.

Since2003,morethan120peoplehavecaughtbirdfluinSoutheastAsia.Halfofthemhavedied.

Inthepastseveralweeks,Chinahasreportedthreeoutbreaks(爆发)ofbirdfluthathavekilled3,800chickens,ducksandgeese.

Whatisbirdflu?Itstheflucaughtby(1)_______andcanbe(2)_______toeachotherandpeople.

SoutheastAsia(3)_______peoplehavecaughtbirdflu.

China(4)_______outbreakstherehavekilled(5)_______domesticbirds.

(4)

Thepicturebelowshowsthetemperature(℃)andtherainfall(mm)ofGuangzhou.Thetemperatureisshownasacurve(曲线图),Therainfallisincolumns(柱形图).

1.TherainfallinMayismm.

2.It’scolderinthaninanyothermonth.

3.Thehottestmonthsareand_______.

4._______hasthemostrainfall.

(5)

1.LiFangisafanofKangTa,a__________singer.ShewillgotohisconcertonSeptember__________.

2.IfUncleJoewantstolistentorockmusic,hemaypayatleast$__________togoto__________concert.

3.IfCuiJianhasasorethroatandhehastoputoffhisconcert,hecan’tplayhisconcertonthesame_________thenextdaybecause__________willhaveaconcertthere.

4.WangHualikesS.H.E.verymuch.Shewillgotothethree_________concertin_________at7:30,September23.

SectionOne

(1)1—5EADFB

(2)1－5FCEBA

(3)1—5DEBAF

(4)1－5FBEDA

(5)1－5CEADF

SectionTwo

(1)1－5TTTFF

(2)1－5TFFFT

(3)1—5FTFTF

(4)1－5TTFFT

(5)1－5TFFTT

(6)1－5TFTTF

(7)1－4TFTF

(8)1－5TFTTF

(9)1－5TFTFT

(10)1－5TFTTF

SectionThree

(1)1—4ABDC

(2)1－5DCDAB

(3)1—5DDBDA

(4)1－5CBBDC

(5)1—5BCABA

(6)1－5DCDAB

(7)1－5ACADB

(8)1－5CDDCD

(9)1－5BBDCC

(10)1－5BACAD

(11)1－5DBADB　

(12)1－5BBCAD

(13)1—4DACD

(14)1－4DACA

(15)1—5CBBDA

SectionFour

(1)1.AFrench.2.HewenttoLondontostudy.3.Becausehewastoobusytowriteback.

4.No,theydon’t.5.Yes,theyare.

(2)1.Itwasawindydaytoday.

2.Hecametothetowntoaskthemanagertopayfortheclothes.

3.Becauseitwasalittlewarmerthere.

4.Hegotupathalfpasteight.

5.Becausethewritersavedhisson.

(3)1.No,never.

2.Hewaskind.

3.Becausethedoctorthoughtthelawyerwouldgivehimmoney.

4.Shedied.

5.No.thedoctordidn’tgetanymoneyfromthelawyer.

(4)1.Acomputerande-mailaddress.

2.Bye-mail.

3.Anytimeandanywhere.

4.Yes,Ican.

5.Ithinkit’shelpful.Becauseit’sthecheapestwaytocommunicate.

(5)1.About14,000people.

2.TheycanbefoundinAfrica,SouthAmericaandpartsofAsia.

3.Seventy-fivepercent/75%.

4.Nothavingenoughfood;livinginpoorhousing;sufferingfrommanykindsofdiseases;gettinglittleeducation.(答对其中两点即可)

5.Yes,therewill.

(6)1.Becausetheywanttogoouttoseesomethingdifferentordosomethingexciting.

2.It’shardtobuytrainticketsorairtickets.

3.Becausemanypeoplewanttogoout.

4.Thefamilywenttothecountry.

5.No,theydidn’t.Becauseitrainedsuddenly.

(7)1.Shortlyafterheenteredtheuniversity.

2.Becausehesoldcomputersdirectlytocustomers.

3.Itmeans“improved”/“改良的/升级的”.

4.Heisveryinterestedinrunningabigcompany.

(8)1.ItcamefromAmerica.

2.Afarmerdiscoveredit.Oneday,whenthefarmerwaswatchinghisgoats,hesawthemeatsomesmallberries,andthengoatsbecameveryactive.Themanoftenfelttired,sohedecidetotrytheberriestoo.Surprisingly,hedidnotfeeltiredanymore.Inthiswayhediscoveredcoffee.

3.No,itdidn’t.

4.ItwasusedasmedicineinArabia.

5.BecausepeoplefoundthatcoffeeplantsgrewwellinmanypartsofsouthAmerica.

6.Firstcoffeebeanswerepickedfromplantsbyhand.Thenthebeansweredriedandpreparedformarkettosell.

7.Becausepeoplecanproducedifferentkindsofcoffeebymixing.

SectionFive

(1)1.493－4962.ACTORSANDACTRESSES3.884-9784.DISCOVERIESANDINVENTIONS

(2)1.$3.49lb2.$2.223.34.20cents

(3)1.birds2.passed3.Morethan1204.Three5.3,800

(4)1.3002.December3.June,July4.June.

(5)1.Korean/popular,25th2.22,CunJian’s3.gymnasium/gym,KangTa4.girls’,Worker’sStadium

2018年中考语文文言文必考知识点：阅读题

每个老师需要在上课前弄好自己的教案课件，大家在用心的考虑自己的教案课件。是时候对自己教案课件工作做个新的规划了，才能更好的在接下来的工作轻装上阵！适合教案课件的范文有多少呢？以下是小编收集整理的“2018年中考语文文言文必考知识点：阅读题”，欢迎您阅读和收藏，并分享给身边的朋友！

2018年中考语文文言文必考知识点：阅读题

第一、文言文阅读题主要分为两类。

一是翻译类。此类题解答思路是：

(1)粗知全文大意，把握文意的倾向性。

(2)详知译句上下文的含义，并逐字对应翻译，做好留、删、补、换、调、变。注意翻译时应抓住句子中关键字词，这些字词往往是得分点。文言文翻译的基本方法有直译和意译两种。所谓直译，是指用现代汉语的词对原文进行逐字逐句地对应翻译，做到实词、虚词尽可能文意相对。直译的好处是字字落实;其不足之处是有时译句文意难懂，语言也不够通顺。所谓意译，则是根据语句的意思进行翻译，做到尽量符合原文意思，语句尽可能照顾原文词义。意译有一定的灵活性，文字可增可减，词语的位置可以变化，句式也可以变化。意译的好处是文意连贯，译文符合现代语言的表达习惯，比较通顺、流畅、好懂。其不足之处是有时原文不能字字落实。这两种翻译方法当以直译为主，意译为辅。(留，就是保留。凡是古今意义相同的词，以及古代的人名、地名、物名、官名、国号、年号、度量衡单位等，翻译时可保留不变删，就是删除。删掉无须译出的文言虚词。比如沛公之参乘樊哙者也--沛公的侍卫樊哙。者也是语尾助词，不译。补，就是增补。

a、变单音词为双音词;

b、补出省略句中的省略成分;

c、补出省略了的语句。注意：补出省略的成分或语句，要加括号换，就是替换。用现代词汇替换古代词汇。如把吾、余、予等换成我，把尔、汝等换成你。调就是调整。把古汉语倒装句调整为现代汉语句式。主谓倒装句、宾语前置句、介宾后置句、定语后置句等翻译时一般应调整语序，以便符合现代汉语表达习惯。变，就是变通。在忠实于原文的基础上，活泽有关文字。如波澜不惊，可活泽成(湖面)风平浪静。)

(3)还可由现代词、成语推导词语在文中的含义。

(4)另外还要注意词类活用、古今异义、通假、倒装、一词多义等特殊现象。

(5)若直译不通，则用意译。须根据上下文推导，不拘泥于原文结构，联系生活实际大胆推想。

古文翻译口诀

古文翻译，自有顺序，首览全篇，掌握大意;

先明主题，搜集信息，由段到句，从句到词，

全都理解，连贯一起，对待难句，则需心细，

照顾前文，联系后句，仔细斟酌，揣摩语气，

力求做到，合情合理，词句之间，联系紧密。

若有省略，补出本意，加上括号，表示增益。

人名地名，不必翻译，人身称谓，依照贯例，

吾余为我，尔汝为你。省略倒装，都有规律。

实词虚词，随文释义，敏化语感，因句而异。

译完之后，还须仔细，逐句对照，体会语气，

句子流畅，再行搁笔。

二是启示类。解答这类题目时要注意思想倾向，抓住作者基本的感情立场，联系文章主要情节及主要人物，抓住评论性的语句从多角度、多侧面思考作答。

第二、文言文课内、课外语段的对比阅读分析

近几年中考文言文部分多以这种题型为主，课内语段比较简单，课外语段基本遵

循“题目在课外，答案在课内”的规律。相信新课程下的文言文考察会越来越灵活，有两点设想：一、重对语段的整体把握，题型如“用语段中的原话回答问题”等;重文言知识的拓展延伸，如2002年中考《出师表》语段问题：“先帝”、“后主”分别指的是谁?这是典型的文史题，以此相类似的题目有很多，如“事件归结”、“人物故事”、“后人评述”等，这就要求学生要有一定的文言阅读量和基本的理解能力。

第三、要识记常见文言实词、虚词的意义和用法。一般以文后“研讨与练习”中的解词题为基准来复习，考试时看清题目的要求，问什么答什么，不写错别字。

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