作为杰出的教学工作者，能够保证教课的顺利开展，高中教师要准备好教案，这是老师职责的一部分。教案可以保证学生们在上课时能够更好的听课，帮助高中教师能够更轻松的上课教学。写好一份优质的高中教案要怎么做呢？以下是小编为大家收集的“高考英语二轮专题复习7非谓语动词”欢迎大家与身边的朋友分享吧！

非谓语动词

1.不定式的时态和语态；
2.不定式的功能：不定式的形容词性功能、不定式的副词性功能、不定式的名词性功能；
3.不定式的省略；
4.不定式的否定形式；
5.不定式的搭配形式；
6.独立主格结构；
7.v-ing分词名词性功能；
8.v-ing分词形容词性功能；
9.v-ing分词副词性功能；
10.过去分词与现在分词一般式的区别；
11.过去分词与现在分词主动完成式的区别；
12.过去分词与现在分词一般被动式的区别；

I.概述
1.基本形式的变化：
不定式：
时态主动态被动态
一般式todotobedone
进行式tobedoing
完成式tohavebuilttohavebeenbuilt
Johnsaidthathehadruninordertocatchthebus.（一般式的主动态）
Hehatedtobemisunderstoodbyothers.(一般式的被动态)
Hepretendedtobelisteningattentively.(进行式)
Heintendedtohavetoldyouthat.(完成式主动态)
Thisworkofartseemedtohavebeencreatedseveralcenturiesago.(完成式的被动态)
v-ing形式：
时态主动态被动态
一般式doingbeingdone
完成式havingdonehavingbeendone
注意：不及物动词没有被动式
动名词
Iamsureofhiscomingintime.(一般式主动态)（=Iamsurethathewillcomeintime）
Heisproudofbeingselectedasmonitor.(一般式被动态)（=Heisproudthatheisselectedasmonitor.）
I’mconfidentofhishavingpassedtheexam.(完成式主动态)
（=Iamconfidentthathehavepassedtheexam.）
Hecomplainedofhavingbeencheatedbyothers.(完成式被动态)
现在分词
Hesatinachair,readinganovel.(一般式主动态)
Beingexhaustedbywork,hefellasleepquickly.(一般式被动态)
Havingfinishedhishomework,hewentplaying.(完成式主动态)
Allthishavingbeensettled,hewenthome.(完成式被动态)
2.所做成分
项目/成分主语表语宾语宾补定语状语
动词的ing形式现在分词△△△△
动名词△△△△
不定式△△△△△△
过去分词△△△△
注：现在分词、不定式、过去分词都可以作独立成分。
II.基本知识
1.动词不定式在句中充当的成分
①作主语。
Toseeonceisbetterthantohearahundredtimes.
Tomakemoneyisnottheonlypurposeofourlife.赚钱不是我们生活的唯一目的
在很多情况下，常用it来充当动词不定式的形式主语。
ItisimportantforustolearnEnglishverywell.对我们来说学好英语是非常重要的。
②作动词的宾语，常用在以下动词后：
help，hope，ask，refuse，decide，promise，wish，pretend，expect，arrange，learn，plan，demand，dare，
manage，agree，prepare，fail，determine，offer，choose，desire，elect，long，(happen，seem)
Hemanagedtopasstheexam.他成功地通过了考试。
Hepromisedtobehereatnine.他答应9点钟到这儿。
Ididn’texpecttoseeyouhere.我没有料到在这儿见到你。
在某些复合宾语中，用it做形式宾语，而把不定式放到后面去。
Heconsidereditbettertoleavenow.他认为最好现在就离开。
Ifounditimpossibletofinishtheworkontime.我发现准时完成这项工作是不可能的。
③作定语（常置于名词之后）。
由only,last,next序数词或形容词最高级修饰的名词常用不定式做定语;不定式还可用作名词
代词的的宾语(ability,anything,attempt,chance,curiosity,desire,decision,determination,effort,failure,
intention,need,nothing,opportunity,place,plan,promise,reason,right,something)
Sheisalwaysthefirststudenttoarriveatschool.
Heisalwaysthelastonetoleavetheoffice.他总是最后一个离开办公室。
Idon’tthinkheisthebestmantodothejob.我想他不是做这项工作的最佳人选。
Ihavenodesiretotravel.
You’llfindsomethingtointerestyouhere.
注：动词不定式to后所接动词若是不及物动词，而不定式与其修饰的动词之间有动宾关系，这个不定式后就应有必要的介词。
Ihaven’tdecidedwhichhoteltostayat.
Ifoundnoonetoplaywith.
④作状语
Iwalkedslowlyontheiceinordernottofalldown.（不至于跌倒）(表目的)
Theyliftedarockonlytodropitontheirownfeet.(表结果)
Hetriedonlytofail.（结果没有成功）
Shewashappytohearthenews.(表原因)
不定式常用于修饰下列形容词：
able,afraid,angry,anxious,apt,careful,careless,certain,clever,considerate,delighted,difficult,eager,easy,fit,
frightened,happy,interesting,likely,lucky,quick,ready,reluctant,right,sorry,surprised,sure,thoughtful,
thoughtless,unable,unwilling,wrongetc.
Frenchisdifficulttolearn.法语难学。
I’msorrytointerruptyou,butIhaveto.
⑤作独立副词成分。
Tospeakfrankly,Idon’tlikeyourattitude.
⑥与疑问词连用。疑问代词who,what,which和疑问副词when,where,how等后加动词不定式，构成不定式短语，可在句子中作主语、宾语、表语等成分。
Whentostarthasnotbeendecided.什么时候出发还没有定。
Theproblemishowtogetthereontime.问题是怎样才能准时到达哪儿。
注意：
①在有些动词后常用疑问词+动词不定式的结构。这类动词有：know,ask,tell,show,wonder,consider,
understand,learn,instruct,guess,see,explain,discover,imagine,think,hear等。
Hedidn’tknowwhattodonext.
Ihaven’tdecidedwhethertogotoJapan.我没有决定是否到日本去。
②不定式的复合结构
由for+名词或代词+动词不定式构成的复合结构在句中可作主语、表语、宾语、状语等。
ItisnecessaryforyoutofinishtheworkbeforeFriday.你们有必要在星期五前做完这项工作。
Hisideaisforustotravelindifferentcars.他的主意是让我们乘不同的车去旅游。
由of引出的不定式复合结构，经常与以下形容词连用：brave,careless,,clever,courageous,foolish,good,honest,kind,nice,rash,right,rude,stupid,silly,thoughtful,thoughtless,wrong,wise等。
It’skindofyoutosayso.
It’sbraveofyoutogointotheburningbuildingtosavethebaby!
你真勇敢，冲进着火的大楼里救这个婴儿
③不带to的动词不定式
▲在有些使役动词及感官动词后可用省略to的动词不定式，如let,make,have,hear,see,feel,smell,
hear,watch等。
Theteacheroftenmakesmerewritethecomposition.老师常常让我把作文重写。
将该句转换成被动语态：Iamoftenmadebytheteachertorewritethecomposition.
Iheardhersaythatshewasfedup.
▲在下列结构后常用不带to的动词不定式：hadbetter,wouldrather,cannotbut,cannothelpbut,
donothingbut等。
I’dbettergonow,orI’llmissthetrain.
Theycannotbutaccepthisadvice.我只好接受他的建议。
▲在except,but之前有动词do作实义动词，则except,but后一般接不带to的动词不定式，反之则接
带to的动词不定式。
Wehavenochoicebuttowait.我们除了等待别无选择（我们只好等待）。
Thereisnochoicebuttogothere.
Thereisnothingtodobutto(to可省略)readabook.
▲在why,whynot结构中，紧接其后的动词不定式不带to
Whyarguewithhim?
Whynotsendthosebooksback?为什么不把那些书送回去？
2.动名词在句中充当的成分
①作主语
Askingforhelpissometimesnecessary.请求帮助有时是必要的。
Eatingtoomuchisnotgoodforyourhealth.吃得太多对你的健康不利。
Teachingofferssomethingbesidesmoneyandpower.
②作补语、表语
Seeingisbelieving.
Wecallsuchanactcheating.我们称这样的行为为作弊/欺骗行为。
③作以下及物动词及词组的的宾语
建议冒险去献身：advise,suggest,risk,devoteoneselfto
忍受期待不停顿：bear/stand(忍受),lookforwardto,stop
放弃延期悔失去：giveup,delay,putoff,regret,miss
坚持欣赏（想）要（实）践（完）成：keep(on)/insiston/stickto,enjoy/appreciate,feellike,practice,finish
注意原谅避反对：payattentionto,excuse,escape,avoid,objectto
考虑要求不自禁：consider,require,cannothelp
允许习惯不介意：forbid;permit,be/getusedto/beaccustomedto,mind
值得开始想动名：beworth,setabout,imagine
Themotherdidagreetolettheboyriskswimmingacrosstheriver.冒险游过河
Hiswifedoesntallowsmokinginsidetheroombutallowshimtosmokeoutsidetheroom.
他的妻子不允许在室内抽烟，但是允许他在室外抽。
Alloftheminsistedonmystayingwiththemafewdayslonger.
他们所有的人都坚持要我再跟他们多呆几天时间。
Imlookingforwardtohearingfromyousoon.
Beingillforafewdays,shedoesntfeellikeeatinganything.不想吃任何东西
另在want,need,require等动词后，常用动名词的主动形式表示被动的意思（主语与动名词之间存在逻
辑上的动宾关系）。
Myhairneedscutting.(=Myhairneedstobecut.)
⑤作定语
它与被修饰词之间没有逻辑上的主谓关系，通常只表示用途或与所修饰的名词有关的动作。
Thefactorybuiltaswimmingpoollastyear.游泳池
Ourteacherusesaverygoodteachingmethod.教学方法
⑥作同位语
Hishobby,makingmodelairplanes,isveryinteresting.
注意：
①动名词的复合结构
动名词的复合结构由物主代词或名词所有格+动名词构成。如果不是在句子开头，这种结构常可以由名词的普通格或人称代词宾格+动名词构成，在句中可作主语、宾语等。例如：
Doyoumindmyclosingthedoor?Doyoumindmeclosingthedoor?
Myclosingthedoormadehimangry.
Ican’tstandLaoChang’stalkinglikethataboutothercomrades.
②动名词的某些固定结构
▲Itis+nouse,nogood(fun,agreatpleasure,awasteoftime,abore...)等名词+doingsth.
Itisnousecrying.哭没有用。
Itisnogoodobjecting.反对也没有用。
Itisawasteoftimetryingtoexplain．设法解释是浪费时间。
▲Itis+useless+doingsth．
Itisuselessspeaking.光说没用。
▲Thereisno+v-ing“…是不可能的”。
Thereisnoknowinghowoldsheis.(=Itisimpossibletoknowhowoldsheis.)
Thereisnotellingwhereshe’sgone.(=Itisimpossible/difficulttoknowwhereshe’sgone.)
▲makeapointof+doing“认为…是必要的”
OurfamilymakeapointofgoingtochurcheverySunday.(=Ourfamilymakeitaruletogotochurchevery
Sunday.)
▲beonthepointof+doing“濒临，将要…”
Hewasonthepointofleaving.
▲on(upon)+doing“一…就…”
Onhearingthenews,Ichangedmyplans.(=AssoonasIheardthenews,Ichangedmyplans.)
▲go+doing(大部分指运动和游戏)
Hewentshopping/hiking/swimming/fishingetc.
▲动名词短语常用在以下结构中
havedifficulty(in)+doingsth
havetrouble(in)+doingsth
havefun(in)+doingsth/
haveagoodtime(in)+doingsth/haveahardtime(in)+doingsth
▲feellike+名词“想要”=wouldliketo+原形动词
Doyoufeellikegoingtoamovie?你想看电影吗?
Idontfeellikereadingtonight．今晚我不想读书。
3.分词在句中充当的成分
①作定语。作定语的分词如果是单个分词，放在所修饰的名词前；如果是分词短语则放在所修饰的名词后面。在用作定语时，分词在意思上接近一个定语从句。
Theboringsnowmadetheboredboysgohome.(=Thesnowwasboring,sotheboysweeboredandwent
home.)
Chinaisadevelopingsocialistcountry.发展中的社会主义国家
Themanwritingtheobituary(讣告)ismyfriend.
(=Themanwhoiswritingtheobituaryismyfriend.)
Thebrokenglassscatteredontheground.破杯
注：现在分词与过去分词都可作定语，但现在分词表达的是正在进行的事情，有主动意义；而过去分词表示的是已完成的事情，有被动意义。
②作表语、宾语补足语。能带分词作宾补的动词常见的有see,hear,keep,find,notice,watch,think,want,smell,observe等。
Thestoryisboring.
Ifoundhimreadinganovel.在读小说(现在分词作宾语补足语)
Ifoundhimsurroundedbyagroupofchildren.一群孩子包围着(过去分词作宾语补足语)
③作状语。分词作状语可以表示时间,原因,条件,结果,伴随情况。
Havingreadalltherequiredpapers,heansweredthequestionsfluently.（时间）
Beingshortofmoney,Idecidedtoapplyforthework.（原因）
Seriouslyinjured,Allenwasrushedtothehospital.（原因）
Ifgoingtherebyplane,we’llhavetopaytwiceasmuch.（条件）
Unlessaskedtoanswerquestions,thepupilswerenotsupposedtotalkinMrsSmith’sclass.（条件）
Thefarmerusedanewinsecticide,thusraisingtheaverageyieldby15%.（结果）
Hesatinarockingchair,watchingTV.（伴随）
注意：分词的特殊结构
①独立主格
有时分词的逻辑主语与主句主语不一致，这时分词须带上自身的主语，这种结构称为独立主格结构。这
种结构在句中多作伴随状语。亦可用来表示时间、原因、条件等。
Thatbeingthecase,we’dbettermakesomechangesintheplan.
Weatherpermitting,wewillgoout.==ifweatherpermits
Theteacherhavingfinishedthelesson,thestudentslefttheclassroom.
②“with或without+名词或代词+分词”的复合结构
常用作补充说明或表示伴随情况。例如：Hefellasleepwiththelampburning.
③某些固定结构
generally/franklyspeaking…,judgingfrom/by…中，分词的逻辑主语与句子的主语不一致，这种结构只限于为数很少的几个动词。
Judgingbyhisdress,hecomesfromawealthyfamily.从他的衣着判断
Franklyspeaking,Idontlikehimatall.坦率地说
④catch+宾语+doing
Icaughtthemstealingmyapples．我抓住他们偷我的苹果。
Ifshecatchesmereadingherdiary，shellbefurious.如果她抓住我偷看她的日记，她会愤怒的
注：有些现在分词可以作介词用：如concerning,considering,regarding,respecting等。
Consideringhisage,heistall.考虑了他的年龄
Ihavenothingtosayconcerninghisspeech.关于他的演讲
III.非谓语动词比较
1.做主语和宾语时的比较
一般来说，不定式和动名词成份相同时，表示客观性、一般性行为多用动名词表示，而表示一次性、具体性行为则多用不定式。
Lookingafterchildrenisherjob.照看小孩
Tocleantheclassroomishisjobtoday.打扫教室
Ilikeswimming,butIdontliketoswimtodaybecauseIdontfeelwell.
注意下列重点内容：
①begin和start本身为进行时，或后面动词为心理变化意义的动词时，须接不定式
Whenwecamein,theywerebeginningtohavesupper.
Afterhisexplanation,Ibegantounderstandit/realizethatIwaswrong.
②有些词后面既可以接不定式．亦可接动名词，但其意义有很大区别，须特别注意
A.remember，forget，regret接动名词，表示完成意义(=havingdone)，接不定式，表示将来意义
PleaseremembertobringmethebookIwantnexttime.
Irememberseeingher(=havingseenher)somewherebefore.
Dontforgettowritetomesoon.
Ineverforgetvisiting(=havingvisited)themforthefirsttime.
Iregretmissingthatgoodfilmlastweek.(后悔)
Iregretnottaking(nothavingtaken)youradvice.
IregrettosayIcanttakeyouradvice.(遗憾=besorry)
B.mean：meantodo=wanttodo打算，想要……
meandoing：意味着，就是
IamsorryIdidntmeantohurtyourfeelings，
Imeanttocallonyou,butIwassobusy.
Learningaforeignlanguagedoesntmeanjustworkinginclass.
C.stop：stoptodo停下来，要干另一件事（不定式作目的状语）
stopdoing停止做（动名词作宾语）
Aftersometime,theystoppedwalkingandhadarest.
Afterwalkingsometime,theystoppedtohavearest.
D.try：trytodo，努力，试图干……
trydoing：试着干……
Hesearchedeverywhereandtriedtofindhiskey.
Hecametothecityfromthecountrysideandtriedtofindajob.
Themotherisoutandtheboyhadtotrycookingforhimself.
Theytriedtosucceedandtrieddoingtheirexperimentsagainandagain.
E.want，need，require接动名词表示被动意义，接不定式就要i用被动式，这时主语与动名词之间为动宾关系。
Theseyoungtreesrequirelookingafter（=tobelookedafter）.
Thematterneedsthinkingover(=tobethoughtover).
F.goon：goontodo继续干和原来不同的另一件事（不定式作目的状语）
goondoing继续干原来同一件事（动名词作宾语）
Afterasmoke，hewentontellingusthatinterestingstory.
Afterwritingthecompositionhewentontoworkouthismathsproblems.
G.动词advise，allow，permit，forbid后面接单宾语时用动名词，接复合宾语时用动词不定式。
Doctorsadvisegivingupsmokingtobenefitoneshealth.（放弃）
Thedoctoradvisedhimtogiveupsmokingsoastoimprovehishealth.（放弃）
Shedoesntallow(permit)smokinginherroom.（允许）
H.beconsideredtohavedone被认为已经做了……
consider…tobe认为是……
considerdoing考虑做某事
I.be（get）usedtodoing习惯于……
beusedtodo被用来做……
J.can’thelpdoing情不自禁做……
can’thelptodo不能帮助做……
2.做宾补时的比较
不定式可以表示一次性、具体性行为，以及将来意义的行为。现在分词可以表示当时正在发生的进行意义的行为，亦可表示-个持续时间的延续性的行为动作。过去分词可以表示完成意义的行为或状态，及物动词的过去分词亦有被动意义，不及物动词的过去分词仍是主动意义。
WhenIcamein,Isawherdancinghappily.
IoftenhearhersingsongsinEnglishinherroom.
Theyhadthelightsburningallnightlong.
IsawLiPingpassbyandenterthenextroomjustnow.
Themotherwillhavethedoctorexaminehersonagain.
TomorrowIllhavemyhaircut.
WhenIgothomeIfoundthewindowbrokenandthethiefgoneawayalready.
Whentheyreturnedtotheirhometown,afteranabsenceoftwentyyears,theyfoundeverythingchanged.
3.做表语时的比较
不定式和动名词做表语解释主语内容，且可以和主语颠倒，意思仍然通顺，回答what的问题。它们有时存在经常性和一次性行为的区别，分词做表语表明主语的性质、特征和状态，不能和主语颠倒，可以回答how的问题。
Herjobiscleaningoffices.(Whatisherjob?)(=Cleaningofficesisherjob.)
Ourjobtodayistocleantheoffice.(=Tocleantheofficeisourjobtoday.)
Thenewsisveryexciting.(Howisthenews?)
Theyareverytiredafteralongwalk.
Thedoorislockednow.
Thechildrenarewelldressedthesedays.
4.做定语时的比较
不定式做定语与先行词有动宾、主谓和解释先行词内容等关系。在时态上常是将来意义，现在分词做定语是现在时或进行时态意义；过去分词做定语则是完成时态意义。此外，不定式做定语时只能后置，不可前置，而单个分词做定语可前置，分词短语做定语则须后置。动名词做定语，须前置，且要重读，它表明先行词的用途。而分词做定语表明先行词的性质、特征和状态。
aswimmingboy=aboywhoisswimmingaswimmingpool=apoolforswimming
theboilingwater=thewaterthatisboilingdrinkingwater=waterfordrinking
TodayIhavealettertowrite.Pleasefindamantohelpus.
ItisagoodchancetopracticeyourspokenEnglish.练习你的口语
IlikereadingbookswrittenbyLuXun.
ThewomanstandingoverthereisourEnglishteacher.站在那边的
Thehousetobebuilt(=whichwillbebuilt/whichistobebuilt)nextyearwillbeournewlibrary.
Thehousebeingbuilt(=whichisbeingbuilt)nowwillbeournewlibrary.
Thehousebuilt(=whichwasbuilt)lastyearisournewlibrarynow.
5.做状语时的比较
不定式和分词做状语各有不同分工。动词不定式多做目的、结果和原因状语，且多放在句末；分词
可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步、方式状语，多置于句首，做伴随状语，多放在后面。分词用于godoing结构中作目的状语。
①目的状语：通常有不定式表示，由于不定式的客观性和将来性特征。不定式前还可加上inorder，soas来加强说话的口气。但soasto通常不用于句首。
TheSmithshavegonetoLondontospendtheirholidays.
Icamehere(inorder/soas)tohearthereport.
Inorderto(不用soasto)seebetter,wetookfrontseats.
②时间状语：分词作时间状语相当于时间状语从句。现在分词作时间状语一般位于句首，表示的动作和谓语动词的动作同时发生，有时现在分词前可以加上时间连词。如果分词动作发生在谓语动词之前，用现在分词的完成体形式。过去分词作时间状语与谓语动词构成同时性和被动意义。分词前有时加上时间连词。
Arriving(=Whenhearrived)atthebusstop,hefoundhissisterthere.
Waiting(=WhenIwaswaiting)toseethedoctor,Imetwithafriendofmine.
Having(=Whenwehave)madefullpreparations,wearereadyforanexamination.
Having(=Whenhehad)finishedhishomework,hewenttobed.
Afterfinishinghishomework,hewenttobed.
Seen(=Whenthetownisseen)fromthehill,thetownlooksmorebeautiful.
Locked(=Whenhewaslooked)upintheroom,hefoundhimselfisolatedfromtheouterworld.
Whenaskedtomakeaspeech,hesaidhewasgladtodoso.当请他作演讲时
Oncerecovered,hewillgoallouttodohiswork.一旦康复
③原因状语：不定式作原因状语往往用于形容词之后,这些形容词通常是happy,sorry,fortunate,angry,glad,ashamed,discouraged,delighted,frightened,shocked等。分词作原因状语相当于原因状语从句。一般位于句首。
Iamsorrytohearthatyouarenotwell.
Imverysorrytohavekeptyouwaitingsolong.让你久等了
Wearegreatlydelightedtohaveanativeasourguide.
Being(=Sincehewas)illalllastyear,helivedinasanatorium.
Therebeingnoenoughmoney,hecouldntbuythedictionarythathewanted.由于没有钱
Having(=Sincetheyhad)beenaskedtostay,theycouldntpossiblyleaverightaway.
Moved(=Ashewasmoved)bytheheroicdeedsofthePLAman,heburstintotears.
④条件状语：通常用分词来表示，相当于条件状语从句。一般位于句首。
Turning(=Ifyouturn)totheleft，youwillseethepostoffice.
United(=Ifweareunited),westand;divided(=ifwearedivided),wefall.
Given(=Ifhehadbeengiven)moretime,hewouldbeabletodobetter.
⑤结果状语从句：不定式作结果状语通常用于so+形容词或副词+asto，such+名词+asto，too…to，enoughto和onlyto等结构。现在分词作结果状语表示谓语动词的结果。
Hearrivedlatetofindthetraingone.
Iworkedlateintothenight,onlytofindIhadnotfinishedhalfofthejob.
Hewassofriendlyastobealwayshelpfultohisneighbors.
Hisissuchasadstoryastoarouseoutsympathy.
Iranfasterthanever,reachingtheschoolyardquiteoutofbreath.
Themandiedyoung,leavingnothingbutdebt.
⑥让步状语：通常由过去分词来表示，而且前面通常有表示让步意义的though。
Thoughwounded,thesoldiermanagedtogettothevillagesafely.
Thoughwarnedofthedanger,hestillwentskatingonthethinice.
⑦伴随或方式状语：分词作伴随状语通常位于句尾，表示谓语动词正在所处主动或被动的状态。
Chinesebusinessmen,taxidriversandstudentstalkwiththemusingEnglish.
Shecamerunningtowardsus.
Theywalkedalongthestreets,talkingandlaughing.
Hewentintothehouse,followedbysomechildren.
Hecontinuedtowalkupanddown,lostinthought.
IV.关于therebe的非谓语形式
therebe非谓语形式可在句中作主语、宾语、状语和定语
1.作动词宾语时，通常用theretobe结构，而不用therebeing。能这样用的及物动词为：expect，like，mean，intend，want，prefer，hate等，如：
Wedontwanttheretobeanycomradeslaggingbehind.我们不希望有任何同志掉队。
Theyhatetheretobelongqueueseverywhere..他们不愿意处处都要排长队。
Wehavenoobjectiontotherebeingameetinghere．我们并不反对在这里开会。
2.作状语多用therebeing结构，但若置于介词for之后要用theretobe
Therebeingnobodyelseathand,Ihadtodobymyself．由于附近没有人，我只得独自干了。(原因状语)
It’stooearlyfortheretobeanybodyup．太早了，还不会有人起床。(作程度状语)
Therehavingbeennorainforalongtime，thegroundwasverydry．
因为好长时间没下雨了，地面非常干燥。(原因状语)
3.作主语时两种结构都可以，但如是用for引导则要用theretobe.
Itisnotuncommonfortheretobeproblemsofcommunicationbetweenoldandyoung．
老人与年青人之间存在着沟通问题是很常见的。
Therebeingakindergartenoncampusisagreatconveniencetofemaleteachers．
校园内有幼儿园对女教师十分方便。

1.—Whydon’tyoulikeTom?
—Ithinkheisaman_________.
A.tobeworkedwithB.workingwithC.toworkwithD.beingworkedwith
2.Hesaidthathe_________whathecould________us,buthewastoobusythen.
A.woulddo,helpB.couldhavedone,tohelpC.wouldhavedone,helpingD.coulddo,helped
3.Wouldyoupleasetellmethewaythoughtof_________thegarden.
A.takecareofB.totakecareofC.takingcareofD.howtotakecareof
4.—Youlookrathertiredtoday.
—______nottomissthe4:20flight,Ididn’tdaretoclosemyeyes.
A.RemindingB.Reminded
C.BeingremindedD.Havingreminded
5.___________,themonumentcouldberestoredtoitsformerglory.
A.IfrepairedwellB.IfrepairingwellC.TorepairwellD.Repairingwell
6.“Can’tyouread?”Marysaid_______tothenotice.
A.angrilypointingB.andpointangrily
C.angrilypointedD.andangrilypointing
7.OnAugust12,TyphoonMorakotsweptacrossTaiwanisland,_________alotofvillages
___________.
A.left;damagedB.leaving;damagingC.leaving;damagedD.left;damaging
8.Thefood,____________good,wassoonsoldoutwhenitwastakentothemarket.
A.tastedB.beingtastedC.tastingD.havingtasted
9.Walterofferedusaliftwhenhewasleavingtheoffice,butourwork_______,werefusedhisoffer.
A.notfinishingB.hadnotbeenfinished
C.nothavingfinishedD.notfinished
10.Withtoomanyconstructionprojects_________allthestrengthoutoftheeconomy,peopleofthesmallcountrycomplainedalot.
A.suckingB.tosuckC.beingsuckedD.beingsucking
11.TimBemers-Leeisgenerallyconsidered_________theWorldWideWeb,onwhichalltheinformationissharedbyall.
A.tohavefoundedB.havingfoundedC.foundingD.tofound
12.Onthebankoftheriver,wefoundhim______onabeach,withhiseyes_______onakiteinthesky.
A.seated;fixingB.sitting;fixingC.seated;beingfixedD.sitting;fixed
13.Tigers_____meat-eatinganimals_____meats.
A.belongedto;feedonB.belongingto;feedon
C.werebelongedto;arefedonD.belongingto;arefedon
14.______fortheseriousaccident,thepresentofShanxiProvincehadtoresign.
A.ToblameB.BlamingC.BeingtoblameD.Tobeblamed
15.Withsomebooksheneeded_________,hewentintothebookstorequickly.
A.tobuyB.boughtC.tobeboughtD.buying
16.AftertheShenzhouVIcapsule（太空舱）toucheddown,twoastronautssucceededintravelingaroundthe
earth,thusagain__________Chinaisaglobalspacepower.
A.provingB.toproveC.tohaveprovedD.beingproved
17.Therewasanicelittlegiftforeveryone,withasuitablepoem_______toit.
A.attachedB.tobeattachingC.toattachD.attaching
18.____byhisparentsforlong,Johnfeelssadintheheartthoughheappears_______bothered
aboutit.
A.Beingignored;nottobeB.Tobeignored;tohavenotbeen
C.Ignored;nottobeD.Ignoring;notbeing
19.Weare_______totalkloudlyinthedormitorywhenothersaretakinganoon-break.
A.supposedB.supposingC.notsupposedD.notsupposing
20.Thelatestsurvey,_________by,foundmorethan12percentofteenagerswanttoworkaspilots.
A.tobecarriedoutB.beingcarriedoutC.carriedoutD.havingbeencarriedout
21.TheconstructionofaneconomiczonetothewestcoastoftheTaiwanStraits,_____atpresent,willsurelystimulate(刺激)thedecliningeconomyonbothsidesoftheStraits.
A.tobediscussedB.beingdiscussedC.discussedD.discussing
22.Theyoungmansatbackinhissofa,______withwhathehadworkedouttodowiththeremainingwork.
A.havingsatisfiedB.beingsatisfiedC.TobesatisfiedD.satisfied
23.Annawasreadingapieceofsciencefiction,completely_____totheoutsideworld.
A.havingbeenlostB.tobelostC.losingD.lost
24.—Thepolicehavecaughtthemurderer.
—Yes,butherefusedtoadmit________hiswifeonarainynightsevenyearsago.
A.tokillB.tohavekilledC.havingkilledD.havebeenkilling
25.________totrainhisdaughterinEnglish,heputanadlikethisinthepaper,“_________,anEnglishteacherforaten-year-oldgirl.”
A.Determined;wantedB.Determined;wantingC.Determine;wantedD.Determining;wanting
26.—Lucydoesn’tseemtobewhatshewas.
—No._________somuchinthewarhasmadehermorethoughtful.
A.SeenB.HerseeingC.HavingseenD.Tohaveseen
27.twiceayear,whetheritisacarorabusoratruck,istherulethateverydrivermustobeyinthiscity.
A.ExaminingB.ExaminedC.BeingexaminedD.Havingbeenexamined
28.Wehopethebuildingproject_________willbecompletedassoonaspossiblebecausealotofcitizensarecomplainingaboutthenoises.
A.tobecarriedoutB.carriedoutC.beingcarriedoutD.carryingout
29.Anewteachnique_________theyieldsasawholeincreasedbyabout30percent.
A.hadappliedB.havingappliedC.tohaveappliedD.havingbeenapplied
30.Thelonglastingwar,______withbloodanddeaths,endedinpeople’ssadness,_______noresult.
A.filling；reachedB.filled；toreachC.filling；wouldreachD.filled；reaching
31.Thetwooldsisters，_______solong，heldeachotherandburstintotears．
A.beingseparatedB.havingbeenseparatedC．havingseparatedD．hadbeenseparated
32.Somepeopleagainsttollbooths(收费站)arguethatroads,once___________,shouldbefree.
A.buildingB.builtC.havingbuiltD.beingbuilt
33.Somethingextraordinaryhappenedinthathospital.Aman,________clinicallydead,suddenlycametolife.
A.declaringB.beingdeclaredC.declaredD.havingdeclared
34._________yourreceipttothecustomerservicedepartmentandtheywillpaythemoneybacktoyou．
A.HavingbroughtB.BringC.BringingD.Tobring
35.____itwithmeshouldbeagoodchoice.Trustme.
A.WhenleftB.LeavingC.IfyouleaveD.Leave
36.Ireallycantunderstand_________herlikethat.
A.youtreatB.youtotreatC.whytreatD.youtreating
37._____whathecando.Hemightgetajobtomorrow.Hemightstayoutofworkforweeks.
A.Wedidn’tknowB.Hedoesn’tknowC.ThereisnoknowingD.Itwasknownthat
38.Therearealotofstudentsinthereadingroom,mostof_________withtheireyes_________onandtheirheads
bentovertheirbooks.
A.whom;fixingB.them;fixedC.whom;fixedD.them;fixing
39.TheboyIconsidered______cheatedinthelastexam.
A.tobehonestB.thatishonestC.washonestD.beinghonest
40.Thoughatyphoonisontheway,peoplearestilllookingforward_________theoutdoorconcertbythepop
singer.
A.tocancelingB.nottocancelingC.nottocancelD.tonotcanceling
1-5CBBBA6-10ACCDA11-15ADBCA16-20AACCC
21-25BDDCA26-30BCCDD31-35BBCBB36-40DCBAD

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高考英语二轮复习《非谓语动词》讲学案押题

一、单句填空
1．Inside，though，theplacewaspracticallyempty—therewasjustonecouple，________(sit)atatablenearthewindow.
sitting　
句意：然而，室内实际上很空荡，只有一对夫妇坐在窗子边的桌子。描述前面onecouple所发生的动作行为，用动词的现在分词。
2．Theseclubsgiveyoutheopportunity________(play)asportyouloveorlearnasportthatisnewtoyou.
toplay　
句意：这些俱乐部给你机会去进行你所喜欢的运动或学习你还不熟悉的运动。opportunity后接动词不定式作定语，表示“做……的机会”。
3．Inthesecases，clubmembershavetoworkhardtoorganizefundraisersandcollectmoneytokeeptheirsports________(go)．
going　
句意：这些情况下，俱乐部成员不得不努力组织募捐活动和筹集资金保证运动会的进行。keepdoing“一直做……”。
4．Hesawthestone，________(say)tohimself...
saying　
5．BychanceElizabethsawDarcysandWickhamsfacesatthemomentwhentheycaughtsightofeachother，andshewas________(astonish)attheeffectofthemeeting.
astonished　
句意：就在他们互相见面的时候，伊丽莎白碰巧看见了达西和威克姆的脸；她对会面的结果很吃惊。根据句意可知，表示人的心理状态，astonish用过去分词形式。
6．Weshouldtryeveryeffort________(prevent)violencehappeningatschool，....
toprevent　
句意：我们应该竭尽全力来防止校园暴力的发生……。tryeveryeffort“尽一切努力”，后面接不定式作目的状语。
7．Theycanchoose________(live)inmanyenvironmentsandinawidevarietyofways.
tolive　
句意：他们可以选择生活在多种环境中，以不同的方式生活。choose后跟动词不定式作宾语，choosetodosth.“选择做某事”。
8．Asusual，Ihadtoleaveamessage，fully________(expect)tohearfromhimlaterthateveningorthenextday.
expecting　
9．Halfwaythroughhistalk，thespeakerstoppedanddecided________(create)agroupactivity.
tocreate　
句意：在他的讲话到一半的时候，演讲者停了下来，决定搞一个集体活动。decide后跟动词不定式作宾语，decidetodosth.“决定做某事”。
10．Beforeleaving，wespenthalfanhour________(play)withthestudentsthere.
playing　
句意：在离开之前我们花了半个小时的时间和那儿的学生们一起玩。spend...(in)doingsth.“花费……做某事”。
11．Iwassurprised________(see)youretakingthisclass.
tosee　
句意：看到你也在上这个课我很惊讶。besurprisedtodosth.“做某事很惊讶”。
12．Iopenedthedoorandsawhim________(stand)thereandIdidntbelievemyeyesatfirst.
standing　
句意：我打开门，看到他站在那里。我一开始都不敢相信自己的眼睛。seesb.doingsth.“看见某人正在做某事”。
二、语法填空
KeepingadiaryinEnglishisoneofthe__1__(effect)waystoimproveourEnglishwritingability.
__2__(compare)withotherformsofwriting，itisshorterandtakes__3__(little)time.ItcanhelpustodevelopthehabitofthinkinginEnglish.Ifwepersistinthispractice，graduallywelllearnhowtoexpress__4__(us)inEnglish.InkeepingadiaryinEnglish，wecertainlyrunupagainstmanydifficulties.In__5__firstplace，itoftenhappensthatwehavetrouble__6__(find)appropriatewordsandphrasestogiveexpressiontoourmind.Secondly，therearemanyidiomaticwaysofsayingthingsinChinese.AnditisextremelyhardforustoputthemintoEnglish__7__(proper)．
AsfarasIamconcerned，my__8__(suggest)isthatweshouldalwayshaveanotebookandaChineseEnglishdictionarywithineasyreach.Wheneversomethingbeatsus，wecanfirstputitdowninournotebook__9__thenconsultourdictionary.WecanalsoturntoourEnglishteacherforhelp，ifnecessary.Inshort，Ibelievethatitis__10__greatusetokeepadiaryinEnglishforthedevelopmentofourwritingskills.

1．effective　修饰名词ways用形容词。
2．Compared　comparedwith/to“与……相比”，是固定用法，常在句中作状语。
3．less　根据前面的shorter判断填比较级less，表示“更短，花时间更少”。
4．ourselves　expressoneself“表达自己的观点/感情等”，是固定短语，故填反身代词ourselves。
5．the　从后面的secondly可以判断出这里要表示顺序，所以first前用定冠词。
6．finding　havetrouble(in)doingsth.“做某事有麻烦/困难”，是固定短语。
7．properly　修饰动词put...into...用副词，表示方式。
9．and　根据then判断，前后两个动作是递进关系，填and。
10．of　“beof＋名词”是固定用法，其意义相当于该名词的同根形容词；beofgreatuse相当于begreatlyuseful。

高考英语非谓语动词第二轮备考复习教案6

俗话说，居安思危，思则有备，有备无患。教师在教学前就要准备好教案，做好充分的准备。教案可以让学生能够在教学期间跟着互动起来，让教师能够快速的解决各种教学问题。我们要如何写好一份值得称赞的教案呢？下面是小编精心为您整理的“高考英语非谓语动词第二轮备考复习教案6”，仅供参考，欢迎大家阅读。

卫辉一中高三二轮备考抓分点透析之英语
非谓语动词

非谓语动词是历年高考试题的重点，每年都会有不止一道的非谓语动词考题。纵观近年全国的高考试题，我们不难预测高考对非谓语动词的考查将主要集中在如下两方面：1、非谓语动词的句法功能，即其在句中所充当的成分；2、非谓语动词的一些特殊用法。

动词不定式、动名词和分词（包括现在分词和过去分词）可以出现在句子中除谓语以外的任何一个位置上，充当句子的主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语等成分，这些动词形式称为非谓语动词。
基本用法
1）、不定式
时态语态主动被动
一般式todotobedone
完成式tohavedonetohavebeendone
2）、动名词
时态语态主动被动
一般式doingbeingdone
完成式havingdonehavingbeendone
3）、分词
时态语态主动被动
一般式doingbeingdone
完成式havingdonehavingbeendone
否定形式：not+不定式，　not+动名词，　not+现在分词
非谓语动词主要的句法功能一览表：
非谓语动词功能
主语宾语表语定语状语补语
不定式√√√√√√
动名词√√√√极少
分词√√√√
一、分词、不定式作宾语补足语的区别
1．感官动词see,watch,observe,lookat,hear,listento,notice等和使役动词have后面的宾补有三种形式，即原形动词（不带to的不定式）、现在分词和过去分词。现在分词表主动或正在进行，过去分词表被动或完成，动词原形表主动和完成。
（2011全国新课标卷）27．Thenextthinghesawwassmokefrombehindthehouse．
A．roseB．risingC．toriseD．risen
（2011浙江卷）14．Eventhebestwritersfindthemselves___forwords．
A．loseB．lostC．toloseD．havinglost
注意：不及物动词的过去分词作宾补表完成和状态。
（2010上海）
33.Lucyhasagreatsenseofhumorandalwayskeepshercolleagueswithherstories.
A.amusedB.amusingC.toamuseD.tobeamused
2．leave后接三种形式作宾补时，其中的leave保留了原来之义“留下”，但表达的确切之义应是“使……处于某种状态）。
leavesb.doingsth.让某人一直做某事（宾语和宾补之间是主谓关系，表示动作正在进行。）
leavesth.undone留下某事未做（宾语和宾补之间是动宾关系，表示被动和完成，一般以undone,unfinished,unsettled,untouched为多）
leavesb.todosth.留下某人做某事
leavesth.tobedone留下某事要做（不定式表示将来的动作。）
如：It’swrongofyoutoleavethemachinerunning.
你让机器一直开着是不对的。（主动，正在进行）
Theguestsleftmostofthedishesuntouched,becausetheydidn’ttastedelicious.
客人们没有动大部分菜，因为它们尝起来不可口。（被动，完成）
Heleft,leavingmetodoalltherestwork.
他走了，留下我一人去做剩余的工所有工作。（主动，将来）
Wehurriedlyendedourmeeting,leavingmanyproblemstobesettled.
我们匆匆忙忙地结束了会议，留下了很多问题等待解决。（被动，将来）
3．have,get后接三种形式作宾补时，其中have,get表示“使、让、叫”之意。
①havesth.done=getsth.done“使/让某事由别人去做”（叫/让某人做某事）。
（2011陕西卷）14．Clairehadluggageanhourbeforherplaneleft．
A．checkB．checkingC．tocheckD．checked
（2010辽宁）35.Alexandertriedtogethiswork___inthemedicalcircles.
A.torecognizeB.recognizingC.recognizeD.recognized
②havesb./sth.doing使/让某人/物持续地做某事（现在分词表示主动，正在进行）
getsb./sth.doing使某人/物开始行动起来
Thecaptaingotthesoldiersmovingtowardthefrontafterashortrest.
休息了片刻之后，上尉让士兵们开始朝前线行进起来。
注意：“havesb.doing”若用于否定句中，其中have有“容忍”之意。
Iwon’thaveyouspeakingtoyourparentslikethat.
我不会让你那样子跟你的父母说话。
Don’thavethewaterrunningallthetime.不要让水流个不停。
③havesb.dosth.(getsb.todosth.)使/让/叫某人去做某事
Ican’tgethimtostopsmoking.Hewon’tlistentome.
二、下列动词后跟带to的不定式作补语：
advise,allow,ask,beg,cause,encourage,expect,forbid,force,get,intend,invite,like,love,order,persuade,prefer,require,teach,tell,want,warn,wish,等。
Thefluisbelievedtobecausedbyvirusesthatliketoreproduceinthecellsinsidethehumannoseandthroat.
三、不定式、现在分词作宾补小窍门
下列动词后在主动语态中用不带to的不定式作补语，但在被动语态中要加上to：
它们是“吾看三室两厅一感觉”——5看（lookat,see,watch,notice,observe）；3使（make,let,have）；2听（listento,hear）；1感觉（fell）。以上动词还可用现在分词作宾语补足语（5+3+2+1-2+4）：即以上动词除let,make外都可以用现在分词作宾语补足语，此外find,catch,keep,have也可以用现在分词作宾语补足语。
Hewascaughtstealing.I’msorrytohavekeptyouwaitingforsuchalongtime.
不定式、分词作定语用法要点
一、不定式作定语
1．作定语的不定式如果是不及物动词，或者不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点、工具等，不定式后面须有相应的介词。
（2010山东）23.Ihavealotofreadings_____beforetheendofthisterm.
A.completingB.tocomplete
C.completedD.beingcompleted
但是，不定式所修饰的名词如果是time,place或way时，不定式后面的介词习惯上省去。
2．当作定语的不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的承受者时，不定式既可以用主动语态，也可用被动语态，但其含义有所不同。试比较：
Haveyouanythingtosend?
你有什么东西要寄吗？（不定式tosend的动作执行者是“你”）
Haveyouanythingtobesent?你有什么要（我或别人）寄的东西吗？
（不定式tobesent的动作执行者是“我”或“别人”）
3．用不定式作定语的几种情况：
不定式表将来：
（2010重庆）34.Manybuildingsinthecityneedrepairing,buttheone______firstisthelibrary.
A.repairedB.beingrepairedC.repairingD.toberepaired
用来修饰被序数词、最高级或no,all,any等限定的中心词。
ShewasthefirstwomantowinthegoldmedalintheOlympicGames.
用来修饰的词是抽象名词时，常见的有：ability,chance,idea,fact,excuse,promise,answer,reply,attempt,belief,way,reason,moment,time等。
（2011湖南卷）21．Theability_____anideaasimportantastheideaitself.
A．expressingB．expressedC．toexpressD．tocover
二、分词作定语
1．作定语的及物动词分词形式为：V–ing;being+过去分词；当被修饰的名词与分词为主动关系时，用V–ing；当被修饰的名词与分词为被动关系且表正在进行时，用being+过去分词；当被修饰的名词与分词为被动关系且表完成时，用过去分词。例如：
（2011江苏卷）31．Recentlyasurvey_______pricesofthesamegoodsintwodifferentsupermarketshascausedheateddebateamongcitizens．
A．comparedB．comparingC．comparesD．beingcompared
（2011湖南卷）23theplayers______fromthewholecountryareexpectedtobringushonorinthissummergame．
A．selectingB．toselectedC．selectedD．havingselected
2．作定语的不及物动词分词形式为：V–ing和过去分词。V–ing表示正在进行；过去分词表示已经完成。如：
fallingleaves正落的叶子fallenleaves落下的叶子
boilingwater正沸腾的水boiledwater沸腾过的水（白开水）
三、不定式、过去分词和现在分词被动式作定语的区别
这三种形式作定语，主要是体现在动作的发生时间上。过去分词表示的动作或是在谓语所表示的动作之前发生，或是没有一定的时间性。
HaveyoureadthenovelwrittenbyDickens?
Heisamanlovedandrespectedbyall.
现在分词的被动式作定语时表示的动作正在发生或是与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生。
（2011山东卷）27．Lookoverthere-there’saverylong,windingpath___uptothehouse．
A．leadingB．leadsC．ledD．tolead
不定式的被动式作定语时，表示一个未来的动作。
如：Thequestiontobediscussedatthetomorrow’smeetingisaveryimportantone.
不定式、分词作状语用法要点
一、不定式作状语
（2011四川卷）11．Simonmadeabigbambooboxthelittlesickbirdtillitcouldfly．
A．keepB．keptC．keepingD．tokeep
在某些形容词作表语，表示喜、怒、衷、乐后跟不定式表示原因。如：
（2010辽宁）25.Wewereastonished___thetemplestillinitsoriginalcondition.
A．findingB．tofindC．findD．tobefound
在带有enough或too的句子里，也常用不定式作状语，表示程度。Hewastooexcitednottosayafewwords.
他太激动了，不会不讲几句话的。
Heisoldenoughtogotoschool.他到上学年龄了。
注意：强调动词不定式所表示的目的时，动词不定式可用inorderto(为了)或soasto(以便)+动词原形。soasto不用于句首。
Thebusstoppedsoastopickuppassengers.
汽车停下来以便接纳乘客。
Totellyouthetruth,Ihavegotnomoneyaboutme.
Tobehonest,Iknownothingaboutit.(修饰全句，独立成分)
二、分词作状语
1．分词作状语的基本原则
分词作状语时，分词的逻辑主语必须与句子的主语保持一致。
分词作状语必须和句中主语含有逻辑上的主谓或动宾关系，否则不能使用分词作状语。
2．分词作状语的句法功能
分词或分词短语作状语时，可以表时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、行为方式、伴随状况等。表示时间关系的分词短语有时可由连词while或when引出。
（2011江西卷）32．Onhearingaphonecallfromhiswife_____shehadafall,Mr．Gordonimmediatelyrushedhomefromhisoffice．
A．saysB．saidC．sayingD．tosay
（2011四川卷）16.animportantroleinanewmovie,Andyhasachancetobecomefamous．
A．OfferB．OfferingC．OfferedD．Tooffer
（2011全国II）18．Sarahpretendedtobecheerful,______nothingabouttheargument．
A．saysB.saidC．tosayD．saying
（2011陕西卷）20．MorehighwayshavebeenbuiltinChina,___itmucheasierforpeopletotravelformoneplaceanother．
A．makingB．madeC．tomakeD．havingmade
3．独立成分作状语
有些分词短语，其形式的选择不受上下文的影响，称作独立成分。常见的有：
Generallyspeaking…一般说来Franklyspeaking…坦白地说
Judgingfrom…根据……来判断Considering…考虑到……
Totellyouthetruth…说实话
非谓语动词其它用法
一、疑问词+不定式结构
疑问词（who,which,when,where,how,what等）+不定式，这个结构在句中起名词作用，可充当主语、表语、宾语。如：
（2011辽宁卷）23．Twentystudentswanttoattendtheclassthataimstoteachtoreadfirst．
A．whatB．whoC．howD．why
注意句型：Whynotdosth.?Whydosth.?
二、不定式的主动和被动
1．不定式修饰的名词或代词和不定式逻辑上构成主谓关系时，不定式往往用主动形式。
Doyouhaveaknifetocutthewatermelon?
2．不定式和它前面被修饰的名词或代词构成逻辑上的动宾关系，又和该句主语构成逻辑上的主谓关系时，不定式常用主动形式。
Shehasasistertolookafter.(Shelooksafterhersister.)
3．不定式作表语形容词的关语，和句中主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系时，不定式多用主动形式，这是因为人们往往认为形容词后省去了forsb.。
Thisbookisdifficulttounderstand.
4．在therebe结构中，当说话人考虑的是必须有人去完成某件事时，不定式用主动形式；如果说话人强调的事情本身必须被完成，则用被动形式。如：
Thereisalotofworktodo.(Someonehastodothework.)
Thereisalotofworktobedone.(Theworkhastobedone.)
请注意下面两个句子的含义的不同点：
Thereisnothingtodo.(无事可做，感到十分乏味。)
Thereisnothingtobedone.(某东西坏了，无法使之恢复正常。)
三、不定式符号to的保留问题
有时为了避免重复，可以用to来代替前面的不定式，这种情况出现在下列动词之后：expect,hope,wish,mean,prefer,care,forget,want,try；或出现在beglad/happy,wouldlike/love等的后面。
如果在省略的不定式结构中含有：be,have,havebeen，这些词要保留。如：
Ihaven’tbeentoHongKong,butIwishto.
—Areyouonholiday?
—No,butI’dliketobe.
—Ididn’ttellhimthenews.我没有告诉他那个消息。
—Oh,yououghttohave.噢，你本应该告诉他的
四、动名词作主语
动名词或不定式都可以在句中作主语，但在下列句型中常用动名词作主语。
Itis/wasnouse/good+doingsth.
Itis/wasnotanyuse/good+doingsth.
Itis/wasoflittleuse/good+doingsth.
Itis/wasuselessdoingsth.
Itisnousecryingoverspiltmilk.覆水难收。
Itisoflittlegoodstayinguptoolateeveryday.
每天都熬夜没有什么好处
若主语和表语都是非谓语动词，应保持形式上的一致。
Seeingisbelieving.=Toseeistobelieve.眼见为实。
特殊用法集锦
一、下面动词只能用不定式作宾语，请牢记下列小诗：
决心学会想希望，拒绝设法愿假装。
主动答应选计划，同意请求帮一帮。
Decide/determine,learn,want,expect/hope/wish,refuse,manage,care,pretend,offer,promise,choose,plan,agree,ask/beg,help
此外，afford,strive（斗争）等也要用不定式作宾语。
Weagreedtomeetherebutsofarshehasn’tturnedupyet.
Inordertogainabiggershareintheinternationalmarket,manystate-runcompaniesarestrivingtomaketheirproductsmorecompetitive.
二、下列动词只能用动名词作宾语，请牢记下列小诗：
考虑建议盼原谅，承认推迟没得想。避免错过继续练，否认完成停欣赏，不禁介意准逃亡。
consider/suggest/advise,lookforwardto,excuse,pardon,admit,delay/putoff,fancy,avoid,miss,keep/keepon,practice,deny,finish,enjoy/appreciate,can’thelp,mind,allow/permit,escape,imagine,forbid,risk
此外beusedto,lookforwardto,leadto,devoteto,stickto,objectto,getdownto,payattentionto,can’tstand(无法忍受),giveup,feellike,insiston,putoff,thankyoufor,apologizefor,bebusy(in),havedifficulty/trouble(in),haveagood/wonderful/hardtime(in)等动词词组也要用动名词作宾语。
（2011四川卷）2．Ladexdoesn’tfeellikeabroad．Herparentsareold．
A．studyB．studyingC．studiedD．tostudy
三、下列动词或词组既可以跟动名词作宾语，也可以跟不定式作宾语，但意义上有区别，要特别注意。
1.forgettodosth.忘记去做某事
forgetdoingsth.忘记已经做过某事
remembertodosth.记住去做某事
rememberdoingsth.记得曾经做过某事
regrettodosth.后悔/遗憾去做某事
regretdoingsth.后悔做过某事
stoptodosth.停下来去做另一件事
stopdoingsth.停止做一件事情
trytodosth.努力/试图做某事
trydoingsth.尝试着做某事
meantodosth.意欲/想/企图做某事
meandoingsth.意味着做某事
goontodosth.(做完某事)接着做另一件事
goondoingsth.继续做同一件事(=goonwithsth.)
can’thelptodosth.不能帮助做某事
can’thelpdoingsth.情不自禁地做某事
2．动词like,love,prefer后接不定式或动名词作宾语均可。如表示经常性的行为可用动名词，如表示具体的行为常用动词不定式。但要注意：如果like,love,prefer前有would/should后面则应接动词不定式。
Ilikeswimming,butIdon’tliketoswimthisafternoon.
I’dliketogoswimmingthisweekend.
3．在动词allow,advise,forbid,permit后直接跟动名词形式作宾语，如果后面有名词或代词作宾语，其后用动词不定式作宾语补足语。
allow/advise/forbid/permitdoingsth.
allow/advise/forbid/permitsb.todosth.
（2011天津卷）7．Passengersarepermittedonlyonepieceofhandluggageontotheplane．
A．tocarryB．carryingC．tobecarriedD．beingcarried
4．动词need,require,want作“需要”解时，其后必须用动名词的主动形式或不定式的被动形式作宾语，表示事情需要做。这时动名词的主动式表示被动意义。beworth后必须用动名词的主动形式表示被动意义。此外，若动词need表“需要”，require表“要求”，want表“想要”这些意义时，其后须接名词或代词作宾语，然后接不定式作宾语补足语。
need/require/wantdoing/tobedone
need/require/wantsb.todosth.
beworth+n.(表示钱数或相当于钱数的名词)
beworthdoingbeworthyofbeingdone
beworthyof+n.值得……beworthytobedone
Thewindowneeds/requires/wantscleaningtobecleaned.
窗户需要擦一下。
Theplaceisworthvisiting.
Theplaceisworthyofavisit.
Theplaceisworthyofbeingvisited.
Theplaceisworthytobevisited.
那个地方值得一去。
四、动词不定式作动词tell,show,understand,explain,teach,learn,advise,discuss,ask,decide,wonder,findout等词的宾语时，前面常带wh–引导词。即how,what,whether,where,when,who等+todo。但why+不带to的不定式。
注意此用法的不定式的逻辑主语需与主句的主语或宾语保持一致，否则用宾语从句。例如：
Heshowedushowtodothework.(=Heshowedushowweshoulddothework.)
Idon’tknowwhattodo.(=Idon’tknowwhatI’lldo.)
Canyoutellmewhydoit?
五、动词不定式在介词but,otherthan后面时，如果介词之前有行为动词do的某种形式，那么介词后的不定式不带to，否则就要带to。另外在can’tchoosebut,can’thelpbut,can’tbut后面的不定式也要省略to。
Wecoulddonothingbut/otherthanwait.
Wehadnothingtodobut/otherthanwait.
Wehavenochoicebuttowait.
Ican’tchoosebutlaugh.
六、注意以下表达的意义区别
fallingleaves正在下落的树叶fallenleaves已经落下的树叶
boilingwater沸腾的水boiledwater烧开过的水
developingcountries发展中国家developedcountries发达国家
Ilikeswimming,butIdon’tliketoswimthisafternoon.
Herjobisgivingpianolessonstochildren,butthisSundayherjobistoteachthechildrenhowtodance.
Thegirlletoutafrightenedcryatthesightofthesnake.
(Thegirlwasfrightened.)
看到蛇，女孩尖叫起来。
Hisfrighteningshoutscaredtheboysagain.
Theshoutwasfrighteningandtheboysfeltfrightened.
他大吼一声把那帮男孩给吓跑了。
类似的还有：
anexcitingvoice令人兴奋的声音anexcitedvoice兴奋的声音
apuzzlinglook令人迷惑不解的表情apuzzledlook困惑的表情
with复合结构
1.with复合结构的构成
with+宾语+宾语补足语，构成with复合结构，宾语可以是名词或是代词，宾语补足语可以是介词短语、过去分词、现在分词、形容词、动词不定式、副词。且with后面的宾语与其后的宾语补足语有逻辑上的主谓关系。
1）With+宾语+介词短语
Hewasasleepwithhisheadonhisarms.
2）with+宾语+过去分词（宾语与宾补之间是被动关系）
Alltheafternoonheworkedwiththedoorlocked.
3）with+宾语+现在分词（宾语与宾补之间是主动关系）
Withwintercomingon，itstimetobuywarmclothes.
4）with+宾语+todo（不定式做宾补有“将来”的含义）
Icantgooutwithallthesedishestowash.
5）with+宾语+形容词/副词
Andersonwaslyingonthebedwithallhisclotheson.
2.with复合结构的作用
with复合结构在句子中作状语，表示原因、时间、条件、伴随、方式等。
(09海南35)Nowthatwe’vediscussedoutproblem,arepeoplehappywiththedecisions______?
A.takingB.takeC.takenD.totake
独立主格结构
独立主格结构是由一个相当于主语的名词或代词加上非谓语动词、形容词（副）词、或介词短语构成的一种独立成分。该结构不是句子，也不是从句，所以它内部的动词不能考虑其时态、人称和数的变化，它与其主句之间既不能通过并列连词连接也不能有从句引导词引导，常用逗号与其主句隔开。独立主格结构在很多情况下可以转化为相应的状语从句或其他状语形式，但很多时候不能转化为分词形式，因为它内部动词的逻辑主语与主句主语不一致。
（一）：独立主格结构的构成：
名词(代词)+现在分词、过去分词；
名词(代词)+形容词；
名词(代词)+副词；
名词(代词)+不定式；
名词(代词)+介词短语构成。
（二）：独立主格结构的特点：
1）独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同，它独立存在。
2）名词或代词与后面的分词，形容词，副词，不定式，介词等是主谓关系。
3）独立主格结构一般有逗号与主句分开。
（2011浙江卷）3．Batsaresurprisinglylong-livedcreatures,some______alifespanofaround20years．
A．havingB．hadC．haveD．tohave

（2011福建卷）23．TsinghuaUniversity,in1911,ishometoagreatnumberofoutstandingfigures．
A．foundB．foundingC．foundedD．tobefounded
答案考查非谓语动词。TsinghuaUniversity与found之间是被动关系，同时又是完成意义的非谓语动词，所以选择C。
（2011浙江卷）19．Iftheywinthefinaltonight,theteamaregoingtotouraroundthecity______bytheirenthusiasticsupporters．
A．beingcheeredB．becheered
C．TobecheeredD．Werecheered
答案考查非谓语动词。theteam与cheer之间是被动关系，同时又表目的，所以选择C。
（2011湖南卷）29．Doyouwakeupeverymorning____energeticandreadytostartanewday?
A．feelB．tofeelC．feelingD．felt
答案考查非谓语动词。you与feel之间是主动关系，表伴随，所以选择C。

（09安徽）1.Theplaynextmonthaimsmainlytoreflectthelocalculture.
A.producedB.beingproduced
C.tobeproducedD.havingbeenproduced
C
（09北京）2Forbreakfastheonlydrinksjuicefromfreshfruit_____onhisownfarm.
A.grownB.beinggrownC.tobegrownD.togrowK
A
（09北京）3.Thewaytheguests_____inthehotelinfluencedtheirevaluationoftheservice
A.treatedB.weretreatedC.wouldtreatD.wouldbetreated
D
（09北京）4.Allofthemtrytousethepoweroftheworkstation___informationinamoreeffectiveway.
A.presentingB.presentedC.beingpresentedD.topresent
D
（09北京）5.___twice,thepostmanrefusedtodeliverourlettersunlesswechainedourdog.
A.BeingbittenB.Bitten
C.HavingbittenD.Tobebitten
A
（09福建）6.nottomisstheflightat15:20,themanagersetoutfortheairportinahurry.
A.RemindingB.Reminded
C.ToremindD.Havingreminded
B考查非谓语动词。非谓语动词做状语，逻辑主语是句子的主语themanager，非谓语动词与句子主语是被动关系，且其表示的动作在谓语动词setout之前已经发生，非谓语动词用过去分词，选B。
（09福建）7.InApril,,PresidentHuinspectedthewarshipsinQingdao,the60thanniversaryofthefoundingofthePLANavy.
A.markingB.marked
C.havingmarkedD.beingmarked
A考查非谓语动词。非谓语动词做状语，其后有宾语，故与逻辑主语是主动关系，且表示的动作与谓语动词的动作同时进行，用现在分词，选A。
（09湖南）8．Whenhethedoor,hefoundhiskeyswerenowhere.
A.wouldopenB.opened
C.hadopenedD.wastoopen
D考查非谓语动词。动词不定时的用法。句意为：当他要打开门的时候,他发现他的钥匙不见了。动词不定时表示将要发生的动作。
（09湖南）9．Attheageof29,Davewasaworker,inasmallapartmentnearBostonand______whattodoabouthisfuture.
A.living;wonderingB.lived;wondering
C.lived;wonderedD.living;wondered
A考查分词的用法。句意为：29岁的大卫,是一个工人,住在一间小公寓在波士顿附近,不知怎么办关于他的未来。现在分词作定语修饰aworker，and为并列连词，连接相同的成份。
（09湖南）10.Nowadayspeoplesometimesseparatetheirwastetomakeiteasierforit.
A.reusingB.reusedC.reusesD.tobereused
D考查动词不定时的用法。句意为：现在人们有时把他们的废物分开，以便很容易被重复利用。重新再利用是指将来发生的动作，而且是被动的。故选D。
（09湖南）11.Pleasedomeafavor—______myfriendMr.SmithtoYouthTheaterat7:30tonight.
A.toinviteB.invitingC.inviteD.invited
C
（09江西）12._________therightkindoftraining,theseteenagesoccerplayersmayonedaygrewtheinternationalstars.
A.GivingB.HavinggivenC.TogiveD.Given
D考查非谓语动词。如果把句子补充完整就不难看出：Iftheyaregiventherightkindoftraining,可知主语they即theseteenagersoccerplayers与give之间是被动的关系，所以用过去分词。根据主、从句主语一致可省略从句主语的原则，连词if也可省，所以得出giventherightkindoftraining,theseteenagersoccerplayers……
（09江西）13.Thegovernmentplanstobringinnewlaws_____parentstotakemoreresponsibilityfortheeducationoftheirchildren.
A.forcedB.forcingC.tobeforcedD.havingforced
B考查非谓语动词的用法。现在分词短语作后置定语，修饰newlaws,相当于whichforces……...
（09海南）14Thechildrenallturnedthefamousactressassheenteredtheclassroom.
A.lookedatB.tolookat
C.tolookingatD.lookat
B。句意为：当那位著名的女演员走进了教室，所有的孩子都转过头去看她。
turnto表示“转向，求助”的意思。
(09海南)15.Nowthatwe’vediscussedoutproblem,arepeoplehappywiththedecisions?
A.takingB.takeC.takenD.totake
C。考查with+宾语+宾语补足语的用法。句意为：现在,我们已经讨论了问题,是人们最满意的决定？take与thedecisions之间存在的关系是动宾关系，故用过去分词表示被动
（09山东）16.Weareinvitedtoaparty_________inourclubnextFriday.
A.tobeheldB.held
C.beingheldD.holding
A考查非谓语动词的用法，由nextmonth可知时间是在将来，party是被举行，故选A。
（09陕西）17。IstillremembertotheFamenTempleandwhatIsawthere.
A.totakeB.tobetakenC.takingD.beingtaken
D考查非谓语动词。此处非谓语动词做remember的宾语，而remember后用非谓语动词做宾语时，可以用v-ing形式，v-ing表示的动作已经完成，也可用动词不定式，表示的动作还未发生，根据后文的saw可知此处非谓语动词动作已经完成，且与逻辑主语是被动关系，用v-ing的被动式，选D。
（09上海）18.Asmallplanecrashedintoahillsidefivemileseastofthecity,_____allfourpeopleonboard.
A.killedB.killingC.killsD.tokill
B
（09上海）19.Withthegovernment’said,those_____bytheearthquakehavemovedtothenewsettlements.
A.affectB.affectingC.affectedD.wereaffected
C
（09上海）20.Billsuggested_____ameetingonwhattodofortheShanghaiExpoduringthevacation.
A.havingheldB.toholdC.holdingD.hold
C
（09四川）21.Ladiesandgentlemen,pleaseremain__________untiltheplanehascometoacompletestop.
A.seatedB.seatingC.toseatD.seat
A考查非谓语的用法。remain后可接adj,v-ing,v-ed和tobedone等多种形式做表语，在该题中可以把seated视为一个形容词，所以正确答案为A。
（09上海）22.Davidthreatenedhisneighbourtothepoliceifthedamageswerenotpaid.
A.tobereportedB.reporting
C.toreportD.havingreported
C
（09四川）23.Hetolduswhether_________apicnicwasstillunderdiscussion
A.tohaveB.havingC.haveD.had
B.
考查非谓语的用法，分析句子可知whether+todosth.做了宾语从句的主语,Hetoldus后省略了宾语从句的引导词that。
（09四川）24.________manytimes,hefinallyunderstoodit.
A.ToldB.TellingC.HavingtoldD.Havingbeentold
D考查非谓语的用法。tell与主语之间的关系是被动和完成的关系，所以用havingbeendone来表示被动和完成。
（09天津）25.______theprojectintime,thestaffwereworkingatweekends.
A.CompetingB.Havingcompleted
C.TohavecompletedD.Tocomplete
D
（09天津）26._____bytheadvancesintechnology,manyfarmershavesetupwindfarmsontheirland.
A.BeingencouragedB.Encouraging
C.EncouragedD.Havingencouraged
C
（09浙江）27．_______andshortofbreath,AndyandRubywerethefirsttoreachthetopofMountTai.
A.the;aB.Tired
C.TiringD.Beingtired
B
（09浙江）28．Thereisagreatdealofevidence_______thatmusicactivitiesengagedifferentpartsofthebrain.
A.indicateB.indicating
C.toindicateD.tobeindicating
B
（09重庆）29.Michael’snewhouseislikeahugepalace,______withhisoldone.
A.comparingB.compares
C.tocompareD.compared
D
（09重庆）30.Withtheworldchangingfast,wehavesomethingnewwithallbyourselveseveryday.
A.dealB.dealt
C.todealD.dealing
C
（09全国2）31.Theyusecomputerstokeepthetrafficsmoothly.
A.beingrunB.runC.torunD.running
D考查非谓语动词V-ing，这儿构成(keepsth.doing。
（09江苏）32.SchoolsacrossChinaareexpectedtohire50,000collegegraduatesthisyearasshort-termteachers,almostthreetimesthenumberhiredlastyear,reduceunemploymentpressures.
A.helpB.tohavehelped
C.tohelpD.havinghelped
C
（09江苏）33.Distinguishedguestsandfriends,welcometoourschool,theceremonyofthe50thAnniversarythismorningareouralumni(校友)fromhomeandabroad.
A.AttendB.ToattendC.AttendingD.Havingattended
C
（10福建）25.Lotsofrescueworkerswereworkingaroundtheclock,suppliestoYushu,QinghaiProvinceaftertheearthquake.
A.sendingB.tosend
C.havingsentD.tohavesent
25.答案：A
考点：非谓语动词
解析：表示伴随。从“wereworking”可以判断是进行时态，排除C。
34.InApril,thousandsofholidaymakersremainedabroadduetothevolcanicashcloud.
A.stickingB.stuck
C.tobestuckD.tohavestuck34.
答案：B
考点：remain后接动词的用法
解析：remain是高考的重点词汇。当它做系动词时，后面接过去分词作表语。
（10上海）33.Lucyhasagreatsenseofhumorandalwayskeepshercolleagueswithherstories.
A.amusedB.amusingC.toamuseD.tobeamused
答案：A
考点：本题考查非谓语动词。
解析：keep+sb./sth.+done,根据句意，sb.与它后面的动词成被动关系，故选A.
35.thecitycenter,wesawastonestatueofabout10metersinheight.
A.ApproachingB.Approached
C.ToapproachD.Tobeapproached
答案：A
考点：本题考查非谓语动词。
解析：考察现在分词作状语，表示正在进行或主动的动作。此时分词的逻辑主语就是主句的主语，因此要注意人称、时态和语态的一致性。
40.Thaiistheonlywaywecanimaginetheoveruseofwaterinstudentsbathrooms.
A.reducingB.toreduceC.reducedD.reduce
答案：B
考点：此处考查非谓语动词。
解析：此处应该用不定式thewaytodosth表示做……的途径、方式。theonlywaytodo……,wecanimagine做定语，前面省略了that.
（10安徽）30.Hehadawonderfulchildhood,_____withhismothertoallcornersoftheworld
A.travelB.totravelC.traveledD.traveling
答案：D.
考点：本题考查非谓语动词作状语。
解析：主语（he）与动词travel之间存在主动关系，故用traveling作原因状语。
（10湖南）21.Listen!Doyouhearsomeoneforhelp?
A.callingB.callC.tocallD.called
21.答案：A
考点：考查非谓语动词。
解析：该空在句中为非谓语动词作宾补，根据someone与call的主动关系排除D项。hear后接不定式作宾补时应省略to，由此排除C项。由Listen可判断此处表示正在求救，故选A项。
26.Dina,formonthstofindajobasawaitress,finallytookapositionatalocaladvertisingagency.
A.strugglingB.struggledC.havingstruggledD.tostruggle
26.答案：C
考点：考查非谓语动词。
解析：该空，分词短语作时间状语，其逻辑主语Dina与struggle为主动关系，故排除B项。由剧中的finally可知非谓语动词表示的动作发生在句中谓语tookaposition之前，故用现在分词的完成主动式。
30.Sofarnobodyhasclaimedthemoneyinthelibrary.
A.discoveredB.tobediscovered
C.discoveringD.havingdiscovered
30.答案：A
考点：考查非谓语动词
解析：该空在句中作后置定语修饰themoney，根据themoney与discover的被动关系，排除C、D两项。B项表示的是“将要被发现”的意思，根据句意“到目前为止还没有人来认领在图书馆被发现的钱”可判断选A项。
（10江西）24Theladywalkedaroundtheshops,_______aneyeoutforbargains.
AkeepBkept
CkeepingDtokeep
答案：C
考点：考察非谓语。
解析：句子主语lady和keep之间是主动关系,而且walk和keep同时发生。
32Thereweremanytalentedactorsouttherejustwaiting______.
AtodiscoverBtobediscovered
CdiscoveredDbeingdiscovered
答案：B.
考点：考察非谓语。
解析：演员等待被发现,用被动,发现发生在等待之后,所以用不定式.
（10山东）23.Ihavealotofreadings_____beforetheendofthisterm.
A.completingB.tocomplete
C.completedD.beingcompleted
答案：B
考点：本题考查非谓语动词的使用。
解析：句意应为“这个学期结束前，我要做很多阅读练习。”由于时间状语beforetheendofthisterm表达未来的时间，所以空格处使用动词不定式表示将来，充当readings的定语。
（10天津）12.Itrainedheavilyinthesouth，seriousfloodinginseveralprovinces.
A.causedB.havingcausedC.causingD.tocause
答案：C.
考点：考查非谓语动词。
句意：南方下了大雨，在几个省区造成严重洪灾。
解析：空格后seriousflooding是rainedheavily的后果，而且句子主语it和cause之间存在主动关系，所以此处要用动词的ing形式作结果状语
（10四川）4.Agreatnumberofstudentssaidtheywereforcedtopractisethepiano.
A.toquestionB.tobequestioned
C.questionedD.questioning
答案：C_m
考点：考查非谓语动词作定语。
解析：question与students存在被动关系，question表示的动作也已完成，故用过去分词。
17．Thelawyerlistenedwithfullattention，tomissanypoint．
A．nottryingB．tryingnot
C．totrynotD．nottotry
答案：B.k#s5_u.co*m
考点：考查现在分词短语做伴随状语及动词不定式的否定式。
解析：句中listen和trynottomiss为同时进行的动作，故用现在分词的一般式做伴随状语。又动词不定式的否定式要在其前加not.故选B。
（10全国Ⅰ）27.Mrs.Whiteshowedherstudentssomeoldmaps______fromthelibrary.
A.toborrowB.tobeborrowedC.borrowedD.borrowing
27题答案：C
句意：怀特夫人像学生们展示了一些从图书馆借来的老地图。
解答：根据选项此题考察非谓语动词，题干中空格划在名词maps后，空格后部分是对maps解释说明，因此此题考察非谓语动词做定语。非谓语动词做状语，首先判断动词与所修饰名词的主动还是被动关系，borrow和maps是被动关系，被动关系时非谓语动词形式有三种：tobedone,beingdone,done，tobedone表示动作将要发生，beingdone表示动作正在发生，done表示用作已经完成，根据句意borrow的动作已经完成，因此选择C。
34.WithFather’sDayaroundthecorner,Ihavetakensomemoneyoutofthebank______presentsformydad.
A.buyB.tobuyC.buyingD.tohavebought
34题答案：B
句意：父亲节将要到来，为了给爸爸买礼物我已经从银行取了一些钱。
解答：根据选项此题考察非谓语动词。题干中空格划在名词后，但是空格后的部分不是对bank解释说明，而是说明取钱的目的，因此此题中非谓语动词做目的状语，非谓语动词中不定式做状语用来表示目的，因此选择B。
（10江苏）28.TheretiredmandonatedmostofhissavingstotheschooldamagedbytheearthquakeinYushu,________thestudentstoreturntotheirclassrooms.w_ww.k#s5_u.co*m
A.enablingB.havingenabledC.toenableD.tohaveenabled
选A.enabling表示他在捐献后的结果
（陕西）16._____fromthetopofthetower,thesouthfootofthemountainisaseaoftrees.
A.SeenB.SeeingC.HavingseenD.Tosee
A.考查非谓语动词。此处是非谓语动词做状语，逻辑主语是句子的主语，非谓语动词与逻辑主语是被动关系，且其动作在谓语动词动作之前已经完成，用过去分词，选A。
19.Hisfirstbooknextmonthisbasedonatruestory.
A.publishedB.tobepublished
C.topublishD.beingpublished
B.考查非谓语动词。此处是非谓语动词做后置定语，由时间状语nextmonth可知所填非谓语动词表示将来的动作，用动词不定式，其逻辑主语是所修饰的名词book,不定式与逻辑主语是被动关系，故用不定式的被动式，选B。
（10全国Ⅱ）11.Though_________toseeus,theprofessorgaveusawarmwelcome.
A.surprisingB.assurprised
C.surprisedDbeingsurprised
C
省略结构和非谓语动词考查。补完整为：Thoughhewassurprised，主语一致，省略主语和系动词。
（10湖北）72.________（油漆成）red,thebuildingstandsoutamongtherestandlooksveryattractive.(paint)
72.答案：“painted”。考点：非谓语动词
解析：过去分词作状语，主语“thebuilding”是动作“paint”的作用对象
75.Aftershecompletestheproject,she’llhave________（没什么要担心的）.(worry)
75.答案：nothingtoworryabout
考点：不定式作后置定语
解析：动词“worry”与被修饰的名词“nothing”形成动宾关系，由于“worry”是不及物动词，后面须加上加上介词“about”。
（10辽宁）25.Wewereastonished_______thetemplestillinitsoriginalcondition.
A．findingB．tofind
C．findD．tobefound
答案：B
句意：我们吃惊地发现那座庙仍然还是原来的状况。
解析：考查非谓语动词。beastonished后应该跟动词不定式做状语。
（10辽宁）35.Alexandertriedtogethiswork_______inthemedicalcircles.
A.torecognizeB.recognizing
C.recognizeD.recognized
答案：D
句意：亚历山大试图让他的工作在医学圈内得到认可。
解析：考查非谓语动词用法。宾语work和recognize之间存在被动关系，所以用过去分词作宾语补足语。
（10北京）21.atmyclassmatesfaces,Ireadthesameexcitementintheireyes.
A.LookingB.LookC.TolookD.Looked
21.答案：A
考点：本题考查非谓语动词。
解析：look与句子主语I为主动关系，因此用looking.
25.ImcallingtoenquireaboutthepositioninyesterdaysChinaDaily.
A.advertisedB.tobeadvertised
C.advertisingD.havingadvertised
25.答案：A
考点:本题考查非谓语动词。
句意：我打电话来咨询下昨天中国日报上刊登职位的信息。
解析：theposition肯定是被advertise，此处的分词可以理解为一个定语从句whichwasadvertised
（10重庆）30.Thenewsshockedthepublic,_______togreatconcernaboutstudents’safetyatschool.
A.havingledB.ledC.leadingD.tolead
30.答案C
考点：考查非谓语动词。
解析：句意为：这个消息使公众震惊，也引起了人们对学生在校安全的关注。Thenews和lead之间是主谓关系，并作shocked的伴随状语，所以用leading。
34.Manybuildingsinthecityneedrepairing,buttheone______firstisthelibrary.
A.repairedB.beingrepairedC.repairingD.toberepaired
34.答案D
考点：考查非谓语动词。
解析：theone指代前面提到的buildings与repair是动宾关系，由前半句房屋需要修缮可知修缮这个动作发生在need之后，所以用toberepaired.
（10浙江）20.Thetrafficrulesaysyoungchildrenundertheageoffourand____lessthan40poundsmustbeinachildsafetyseat.
A.beingweighedB.toweigh
C.weighedD.weighing
答案：D
考点：本题考查非谓语动词。
解析：根据句子结构：主语：thetrafficrule；谓语动词：says；宾语从句：youngchildrenundertheageoffourand____lessthan40poundsmustbeinachildsafetyseat。宾语从句中的主干为：youngchildrenmustbeinachildsafetyseat。undertheageoffourand____lessthan40pounds用于修饰宾语从句主语children。动词weigh与名词children是主动关系，所以选择weighing。句意：交通法则规定四岁以下并且体重不超过四十磅的婴儿必须坐在婴儿安全座上。
（2011天津卷）7．Passengersarepermittedonlyonepieceofhandluggageontotheplane．
A．tocarryB．carrying
C．tobecarriedD．beingcarried
（2011江西卷）32．Onhearingaphonecallfromhiswife_____shehadafall,Mr．Gordonimmediatelyrushedhomefromhisoffice．
A．saysB．saidC．sayingD．tosay
（2011天津卷）12．______intoEnglish,thesentencewasfoundtohaveanentirelydifferentwordorder．
A．TranslatingB．Translated
C．TotranslateD．Havingtranslated
（2011北京卷）25．It’simportantforthefiguresregularly．
A．tobeupdatedB．tohavebeenupdated
C．toupdateD．tohaveupdated
（2011四川卷）2．Ladexdoesn’tfeellikeabroad．Herparentsareold．
A．studyB．studyingC．studiedD．tostudy
（2011四川卷）11．Simonmadeabigbambooboxthelittlesickbirdtillitcouldfly．
A．keepB．keptC．keepingD．tokeep
（2011四川卷）16．animportantroleinanewmovie,Andyhasachancetobecomefamous．
A．OfferB．OfferingC．OfferedD．Tooffer
（2011全国II）18．Sarahpretendedtobecheerful,_____nothingabouttheargument．
A．saysB:saidC．tosayD．saying
（2011全国II）15．Theisland,______tothemainlandbyabridge,iseasytogoto．
A．joiningB．tojoin
C．joinedD．havingjoined
（2011陕西卷）20．MorehighwayshavebeenbuiltinChina,______itmucheasierforpeopletotravelfromoneplacetoanother．
A．makingB．madeC．tomakeD．havingmade
（2011陕西卷）14．Clairehadluggageanhourbeforherplaneleft．
A．checkB．checking
C．tocheckD．checked
（2011北京卷）33．Sitdown,Emma．Youwillonlymakeyourselfmoretired,onyoufeet．
A．tokeepB．keeping
C．havingkeptD．tohavekept
（2011辽宁卷）23．Twentystudentswanttoattendtheclassthataimstoteachtoreadfirst．
A．whatB．whoC．howD．why
（2011辽宁卷）30．aroundthefire,thetouristsdancedwiththelocalpeople．
A．GatherB．Togather
C．GatheringD．Tobegathering
（2011湖南卷）29．Doyouwakeupeverymorning__________energeticandreadytostartanewday?
A．feelB．tofeelC．feelingD．felt
（2011重庆卷）29．MoreTVprograms,accordingtogovernmenttoofficials,willbeproducedpeople’sconcernoverfoodsafety．
A．toraiseB．raising
C．tohaveraisedD．havingraised
（2011江苏卷）22．Thefactthatsomanypeoplestillsmokeinpublicplace_______thatwemayneednationwidecampaigntoraiseawarenessoftherisksofsmoking．
A．suggestB．suggests
C．suggestedD．suggesting
（2011江苏卷）31．Recentlyasurvey_______pricesofthesamegoodsintwodifferentsupermarketshascausedheateddebateamongcitizens．
A．comparedB．comparing
C．comparesD．beingcompared
（2011全国新课标卷）27．Thenextthinghesawwassmokefrombehindthehouse．
A．roseB．risingC．toriseD．risen
（2011浙江卷）3．Batsaresurprisinglylong-livedcreatures,some______alifespanofaround20years．
A．havingB．hadC．haveD．tohave
（2011浙江卷）14．Eventhebestwritersfindthemselves_______forwords．
A．loseB．lostC．toloseD．havinglost
（2011浙江卷）19．Iftheywinthefinaltonight,theteamaregoingtotouraroundthecity______bytheirenthusiasticsupporters．
A．beingcheeredB．becheered
C．TobecheeredD．Werecheered
（2011湖南卷）21．Theability_____anideaasimportantastheideaitself
A．expressingB．expressed
C．toexpressD．tocover
（2011湖南卷）23theplayers______fromthewholecountryareexpectedtobringushonorinthissummergame．
A．selectingB．toselected
C．selectedD．havingselected
（2011安徽卷）30．Tomaskedthecandymakersiftheycouldmakethechocolateeasier_____intosmallpieces．
A．breakB．breakingC．brokenD．tobreak
（2011山东卷）27．Lookoverthere-there’saverylong,windingpath____uptothehouse．
A．leadingB．leadsC．ledD．tolead
（2011重庆卷）33．MichaelputupapictureofYaoMingbesidethebedtokeephimself________ofhisowndreams．
A．remindingB．toremind
C．remindedD．renmind
（2011福建卷）27．ThedifferenceinthicknessandweightfromtheearlierversionmakestheiPad2morecomfortable．
A．heldB．holding
C．beheldD．tohold
（2011福建卷）23．TsinghuaUniversity,in1911,ishometoagreatnumberofoutstandingfigures．
A．foundB．founding
C．foundedD．tobefounded

高考英语非谓语动词

非谓语动词

I.概述

1.基本形式的变化：

不定式：

时态

主动态

被动态

一般式

todo

tobedone

进行式

tobedoing

完成式

tohavebuilt

tohavebeenbuilt

Johnsaidthathehadruninordertocatchthebus.(一般式的主动态)

Hehatedtobemisunderstoodbyothers.(一般式的被动态)

Hepretendedtobelisteningattentively.(进行式)

Heintendedtohavetoldyouthat.(完成式主动态)

Thisworkofartseemedtohavebeencreatedseveralcenturiesago.(完成式的被动态)

v-ing形式

时态

主动态

被动态

一般式

doing

beingdone

完成式

havingdone

havingbeendone

注意：不及物动词没有被动式

动名词

Iamsureofhiscomingintime.(一般式主动态)(=Iamsurethathewillcomeintime)

Heisproudofbeingselectedasmonitor.(一般式被动态)(=Heisproudthatheisselectedasmonitor.)

I’mconfidentofhishavingpassedtheexam.(完成式主动态)

(=Iamconfidentthathehavepassedtheexam.)

Hecomplainedofhavingbeencheatedbyothers.(完成式被动态)

现在分词

Hesatinachair,readinganovel.(一般式主动态)

Beingexhaustedbywork,hefellasleepquickly.(一般式被动态)

Havingfinishedhishomework,hewentplaying.(完成式主动态)

Allthishavingbeensettled,hewenthome.(完成式被动态)

2.所做成分

项目/成分

主语

表语

宾语

宾补

定语

状语

动词的ing形式

现在分词

△

△

△

△

动名词

△

△

△

△不定式

△

△

△

△

△

△

过去分词

△

△

△

△

注：现在分词、不定式、过去分词都可以作独立成分。

II.基本知识

1.动词不定式在句中充当的成分

①作主语。

Toseeonceisbetterthantohearahundredtimes.

Tomakemoneyisnottheonlypurposeofourlife.赚钱不是我们生活的唯一目的

在很多情况下，常用it来充当动词不定式的形式主语。

ItisimportantforustolearnEnglishverywell.对我们来说学好英语是非常重要的。

②作动词的宾语，常用在以下动词后：

help，hope，ask，refuse，decide，promise，wish，pretend，expect，arrange，learn，plan，demand，dare，manage，agree，prepare，fail，determine，offer，choose，desire，elect，long，(happen，seem)

Hemanagedtopasstheexam.他成功地通过了考试。

Hepromisedtobehereatnine.他答应9点钟到这儿。

Ididn’texpecttoseeyouhere.我没有料到在这儿见到你。

在某些复合宾语中，用it做形式宾语，而把不定式放到后面去。

Heconsidereditbettertoleavenow.他认为最好现在就离开。

Ifounditimpossibletofinishtheworkontime.我发现准时完成这项工作是不可能的。

③作定语(常置于名词之后)。

由only,last,next序数词或形容词最高级修饰的名词常用不定式做定语;不定式还可用作名词

代词的的宾语(ability,anything,attempt,chance,curiosity,desire,decision,determination,effort,failure,

intention,need,nothing,opportunity,place,plan,promise,reason,right,something)

Sheisalwaysthefirststudenttoarriveatschool.

Heisalwaysthelastonetoleavetheoffice.他总是最后一个离开办公室。

Idon’tthinkheisthebestmantodothejob.我想他不是做这项工作的最佳人选。

Ihavenodesiretotravel.

You’llfindsomethingtointerestyouhere.

注：动词不定式to后所接动词若是不及物动词，而不定式与其修饰的动词之间有动宾关系，这个不定式后就应有必要的介词。

Ihaven’tdecidedwhichhoteltostayat.

Ifoundnoonetoplaywith.

④作状语

Iwalkedslowlyontheiceinordernottofalldown.(不至于跌倒)(表目的)

Theyliftedarockonlytodropitontheirownfeet.(表结果)

Hetriedonlytofail.(结果没有成功)

Shewashappytohearthenews.(表原因)

不定式常用于修饰下列形容词：

able,afraid,angry,anxious,apt,careful,careless,certain,clever,considerate,delighted,difficult,eager,easy,fit,frightened,happy,interesting,likely,lucky,quick,ready,reluctant,right,sorry,surprised,sure,thoughtful,thoughtless,unable,unwilling,wrongetc.

Frenchisdifficulttolearn.法语难学。

I’msorrytointerruptyou,butIhaveto.

⑤作独立副词成分。

Tospeakfrankly,Idon’tlikeyourattitude.

⑥与疑问词连用。疑问代词who,what,which和疑问副词when,where,how等后加动词不定式，构成不定式短语，可在句子中作主语、宾语、表语等成分。

Whentostarthasnotbeendecided.什么时候出发还没有定。

Theproblemishowtogetthereontime.问题是怎样才能准时到达哪儿。

注意：

①在有些动词后常用疑问词+动词不定式的结构。这类动词有：know,ask,tell,show,wonder,consider,understand,learn,instruct,guess,see,explain,discover,imagine,think,hear等。

Hedidn’tknowwhattodonext.

Ihaven’tdecidedwhethertogotoJapan.我没有决定是否到日本去。

②不定式的复合结构

由for+名词或代词+动词不定式构成的复合结构在句中可作主语、表语、宾语、状语等。

ItisnecessaryforyoutofinishtheworkbeforeFriday.你们有必要在星期五前做完这项工

Hisideaisforustotravelindifferentcars.他的主意是让我们乘不同的车去旅游。

由of引出的不定式复合结构，经常与以下形容词连用：brave,careless,,clever,courageous,foolish,good,honest,kind,nice,rash,right,rude,stupid,silly,thoughtful,thoughtless,wrong,wise等。

It’skindofyoutosayso.

It’sbraveofyoutogointotheburningbuildingtosavethebaby!

你真勇敢，冲进着火的大楼里救这个婴儿

③不带to的动词不定式

▲在有些使役动词及感官动词后可用省略to的动词不定式，如let,make,have,hear,see,feel,smell,hear,watch等。

Theteacheroftenmakesmerewritethecomposition.老师常常让我把作文重写。

将该句转换成被动语态：Iamoftenmadebytheteachertorewritethecomposition.

Iheardhersaythatshewasfedup.

▲在下列结构后常用不带to的动词不定式：hadbetter,wouldrather,cannotbut,cannothelpbut,donothingbut等。

I’dbettergonow,orI’llmissthetrain.

Theycannotbutaccepthisadvice.我只好接受他的建议。

▲在except,but之前有动词do作实义动词，则except,but后一般接不带to的动词不定式，反之则接带to的动词不定式。

Wehavenochoicebuttowait.我们除了等待别无选择(我们只好等待)。

Thereisnochoicebuttogothere.

Thereisnothingtodobutto(to可省略)readabook.

▲在why,whynot结构中，紧接其后的动词不定式不带to

Whyarguewithhim?

Whynotsendthosebooksback?为什么不把那些书送回去?

2.动名词在句中充当的成分

①作主语

Askingforhelpissometimesnecessary.请求帮助有时是必要的。

Eatingtoomuchisnotgoodforyourhealth.吃得太多对你的健康不利。

Teachingofferssomethingbesidesmoneyandpower.

②作补语、表语

Seeingisbelieving.

Wecallsuchanactcheating.我们称这样的行为为作弊/欺骗行为。

③作以下及物动词及词组的的宾语

建议冒险去献身：advise,suggest,risk,devoteoneselfto

忍受期待不停顿：bear/stand(忍受),lookforwardto,stop

放弃延期悔失去：giveup,delay,putoff,regret,miss

坚持欣赏(想)要(实)践(完)成：keep(on)/insiston/stickto,enjoy/appreciate,feellike,practice,finish

注意原谅避反对：payattentionto,excuse,escape,avoid,objectto

考虑要求不自禁：consider,require,cannothelp

允许习惯不介意：forbid;permit,be/getusedto/beaccustomedto,mind

值得开始想动名：beworth,setabout,imagine

Themotherdidagreetolettheboyriskswimmingacrosstheriver.冒险游过河

Hiswifedoesntallowsmokinginsidetheroombutallowshimtosmokeoutsidetheroom

他的妻子不允许在室内抽烟，但是允许他在室外抽。

Alloftheminsistedonmystayingwiththemafewdayslonger.

他们所有的人都坚持要我再跟他们多呆几天时间。

Imlookingforwardtohearingfromyousoon.

Beingillforafewdays,shedoesntfeellikeeatinganything.不想吃任何东西

另在want,need,require等动词后，常用动名词的主动形式表示被动的意思(主语与动名词之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系)。

Myhairneedscutting.(=Myhairneedstobecut.)

⑤作定语

它与被修饰词之间没有逻辑上的主谓关系，通常只表示用途或与所修饰的名词有关的动作。

Thefactorybuiltaswimmingpoollastyear.游泳池

Ourteacherusesaverygoodteachingmethod.教学方法

⑥作同位语

Hishobby,makingmodelairplanes,isveryinteresting.

注意：

①动名词的复合结构

动名词的复合结构由物主代词或名词所有格+动名词构成。如果不是在句子开头，这种结构常可以由名词的普通格或人称代词宾格+动名词构成，在句中可作主语、宾语等。例如：

Doyoumindmyclosingthedoor?Doyoumindmeclosingthedoor?

Myclosingthedoormadehimangry.

Ican’tstandLaoChang’stalkinglikethataboutothercomrades.

②动名词的某些固定结构

▲Itis+nouse,nogood(fun,agreatpleasure,awasteoftime,abore...)等名词+doingsth.

Itisnousecrying.哭没有用。

Itisnogoodobjecting.反对也没有用。

Itisawasteoftimetryingtoexplain.设法解释是浪费时间。

▲Itis+useless+doingsth.

Itisuselessspeaking.光说没用。

▲Thereisno+v-ing“…是不可能的”。

Thereisnoknowinghowoldsheis.(=Itisimpossibletoknowhowoldsheis.)

Thereisnotellingwhereshe’sgone.(=Itisimpossible/difficulttoknowwhereshe’sgone.)

▲makeapointof+doing“认为…是必要的”

OurfamilymakeapointofgoingtochurcheverySunday.(=OurfamilymakeitaruletogotochurcheverySunday.)

▲beonthepointof+doing“濒临，将要…”

Hewasonthepointofleaving.

▲on(upon)+doing“一…就…”

Onhearingthenews,Ichangedmyplans.(=AssoonasIheardthenews,Ichangedmyplans.)

▲go+doing(大部分指运动和游戏)

Hewentshopping/hiking/swimming/fishingetc.

▲动名词短语常用在以下结构中

havedifficulty(in)+doingsth

havetrouble(in)+doingsth

havefun(in)+doingsth/

haveagoodtime(in)+doingsth/haveahardtime(in)+doingsth

▲feellike+名词“想要”=wouldliketo+原形动词

Doyoufeellikegoingtoamovie?你想看电影吗?

Idontfeellikereadingtonight.今晚我不想读书。

3.分词在句中充当的成分

①作定语。作定语的分词如果是单个分词，放在所修饰的名词前;如果是分词短语则放在所修饰的名词后面。在用作定语时，分词在意思上接近一个定语从句。

Theboringsnowmadetheboredboysgohome.(=Thesnowwasboring,sotheboysweeboredandwent　home.)

Chinaisadevelopingsocialistcountry.发展中的社会主义国家

Themanwritingtheobituary(讣告)ismyfriend.

(=Themanwhoiswritingtheobituaryismyfriend.)

Thebrokenglassscatteredontheground.破杯

注：现在分词与过去分词都可作定语，但现在分词表达的是正在进行的事情，有主动意义;而过去分词表示的是已完成的事情，有被动意义。

②作表语、宾语补足语。能带分词作宾补的动词常见的有see,hear,keep,find,notice,watch,think,want,smell,observe等。

Thestoryisboring.

Ifoundhimreadinganovel.在读小说(现在分词作宾语补足语)

Ifoundhimsurroundedbyagroupofchildren.一群孩子包围着(过去分词作宾语补足语)

③作状语。分词作状语可以表示时间,原因,条件,结果,伴随情况。

Havingreadalltherequiredpapers,heansweredthequestionsfluently.(时间)

Beingshortofmoney,Idecidedtoapplyforthework.(原因)

Seriouslyinjured,Allenwasrushedtothehospital.(原因)

Ifgoingtherebyplane,we’llhavetopaytwiceasmuch.(条件)

Unlessaskedtoanswerquestions,thepupilswerenotsupposedtotalkinMrsSmith’sclass.(条件)

Thefarmerusedanewinsecticide,thusraisingtheaverageyieldby15%.(结果)

Hesatinarockingchair,watchingTV.(伴随)

注意：分词的特殊结构

①独立主格

有时分词的逻辑主语与主句主语不一致，这时分词须带上自身的主语，这种结构称为独立主格结构。这种结构在句中多作伴随状语。亦可用来表示时间、原因、条件等。

Thatbeingthecase,we’dbettermakesomechangesintheplan.

Weatherpermitting,wewillgoout.==ifweatherpermits

Theteacherhavingfinishedthelesson,thestudentslefttheclassroom.

②“with或without+名词或代词+分词”的复合结构

常用作补充说明或表示伴随情况。例如：Hefellasleepwiththelampburning.

③某些固定结构

generally/franklyspeaking…,judgingfrom/by…中，分词的逻辑主语与句子的主语不一致，这种结构只限于为数很少的几个动词。

Judgingbyhisdress,hecomesfromawealthyfamily.从他的衣着判断

Franklyspeaking,Idontlikehimatall.坦率地说

④catch+宾语+doing

Icaughtthemstealingmyapples.我抓住他们偷我的苹果。

Ifshecatchesmereadingherdiary，shellbefurious.如果她抓住我偷看她的日记，她会愤怒的

注：有些现在分词可以作介词用：如concerning,considering,regarding,respecting等。

Consideringhisage,heistall.考虑了他的年龄

Ihavenothingtosayconcerninghisspeech.关于他的演讲

III.非谓语动词比较

1.做主语和宾语时的比较

一般来说，不定式和动名词成份相同时，表示客观性、一般性行为多用动名词表示，而表示一次性、具体性行为则多用不定式。

Lookingafterchildrenisherjob.照看小孩

Tocleantheclassroomishisjobtoday.打扫教室

Ilikeswimming,butIdontliketoswimtodaybecauseIdontfeelwell.

注意下列重点内容：

①begin和start本身为进行时，或后面动词为心理变化意义的动词时，须接不定式

Whenwecamein,theywerebeginningtohavesupper.

Afterhisexplanation,Ibegantounderstandit/realizethatIwaswrong.

②有些词后面既可以接不定式.亦可接动名词，但其意义有很大区别，须特别注意

A.remember，forget，regret接动名词，表示完成意义(=havingdone)，接不定式，表示将来意义

PleaseremembertobringmethebookIwantnexttime.

Irememberseeingher(=havingseenher)somewherebefore.

Dontforgettowritetomesoon.

Ineverforgetvisiting(=havingvisited)themforthefirsttime.

Iregretmissingthatgoodfilmlastweek.(后悔)

Iregretnottaking(nothavingtaken)youradvice.

IregrettosayIcanttakeyouradvice.(遗憾=besorry)

B.mean：meantodo=wanttodo打算，想要……

meandoing：意味着，就是

IamsorryIdidntmeantohurtyourfeelings，

Imeanttocallonyou,butIwassobusy.

Learningaforeignlanguagedoesntmeanjustworkinginclass.

C.stop：stoptodo停下来，要干另一件事(不定式作目的状语)

stopdoing停止做(动名词作宾语)

Aftersometime,theystoppedwalkingandhadarest.

Afterwalkingsometime,theystoppedtohavearest.

D.try：trytodo，努力，试图干……

trydoing：试着干……

Hesearchedeverywhereandtriedtofindhiskey.

Hecametothecityfromthecountrysideandtriedtofindajob.

Themotherisoutandtheboyhadtotrycookingforhimself.

Theytriedtosucceedandtrieddoingtheirexperimentsagainandagain.

E.want，need，require接动名词表示被动意义，接不定式就要i用被动式，这时主语与动名词之间为动宾关系。

Theseyoungtreesrequirelookingafter(=tobelookedafter).

Thematterneedsthinkingover(=tobethoughtover).

F.goon：goontodo继续干和原来不同的另一件事(不定式作目的状语)

goondoing继续干原来同一件事(动名词作宾语)

Afterasmoke，hewentontellingusthatinterestingstory.

Afterwritingthecompositionhewentontoworkouthismathsproblems.

G.动词advise，allow，permit，forbid后面接单宾语时用动名词，接复合宾语时用动词不定式。

Doctorsadvisegivingupsmokingtobenefitoneshealth.(放弃)

Thedoctoradvisedhimtogiveupsmokingsoastoimprovehishealth.(放弃)

Shedoesntallow(permit)smokinginherroom.(允许)

H.beconsideredtohavedone被认为已经做了……

consider…tobe认为是……

considerdoing考虑做某事

I.be(get)usedtodoing习惯于……

beusedtodo被用来做……

J.can’thelpdoing情不自禁做……

can’thelptodo不能帮助做……

2.做宾补时的比较

不定式可以表示一次性、具体性行为，以及将来意义的行为。现在分词可以表示当时正在发生的进行意义的行为，亦可表示-个持续时间的延续性的行为动作。过去分词可以表示完成意义的行为或状态，及物动词的过去分词亦有被动意义，不及物动词的过去分词仍是主动意义。

WhenIcamein,Isawherdancinghappily.

IoftenhearhersingsongsinEnglishinherroom.

Theyhadthelightsburningallnightlong.

IsawLiPingpassbyandenterthenextroomjustnow.

Themotherwillhavethedoctorexaminehersonagain.

TomorrowIllhavemyhaircut.

WhenIgothomeIfoundthewindowbrokenandthethiefgoneawayalready.

Whentheyreturnedtotheirhometown,afteranabsenceoftwentyyears,theyfoundeverythingchanged.

3.做表语时的比较

不定式和动名词做表语解释主语内容，且可以和主语颠倒，意思仍然通顺，回答what的问题。它们有时存在经常性和一次性行为的区别，分词做表语表明主语的性质、特征和状态，不能和主语颠倒，可以回答how的问题。

Herjobiscleaningoffices.(Whatisherjob?)(=Cleaningofficesisherjob.)

Ourjobtodayistocleantheoffice.(=Tocleantheofficeisourjobtoday.)

Thenewsisveryexciting.(Howisthenews?)

Theyareverytiredafteralongwalk.

Thedoorislockednow.

Thechildrenarewelldressedthesedays.

4.做定语时的比较

不定式做定语与先行词有动宾、主谓和解释先行词内容等关系。在时态上常是将来意义，现在分词做定语是现在时或进行时态意义;过去分词做定语则是完成时态意义。此外，不定式做定语时只能后置，不可前置，而单个分词做定语可前置，分词短语做定语则须后置。动名词做定语，须前置，且要重读，它表明先行词的用途。而分词做定语表明先行词的性质、特征和状态。

aswimmingboy=aboywhoisswimmingaswimmingpool=apoolforswimming

theboilingwater=thewaterthatisboilingdrinkingwater=waterfordrinking

TodayIhavealettertowrite.Pleasefindamantohelpus.

ItisagoodchancetopracticeyourspokenEnglish.练习你的口语

IlikereadingbookswrittenbyLuXun.

ThewomanstandingoverthereisourEnglishteacher.站在那边的

Thehousetobebuilt(=whichwillbebuilt/whichistobebuilt)nextyearwillbeournewlibrary.

Thehousebeingbuilt(=whichisbeingbuilt)nowwillbeournewlibrary.

Thehousebuilt(=whichwasbuilt)lastyearisournewlibrarynow.

5.做状语时的比较

不定式和分词做状语各有不同分工。动词不定式多做目的、结果和原因状语，且多放在句末;分词

可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步、方式状语，多置于句首，做伴随状语，多放在后面。分词用于godoing结构中作目的状语。

①目的状语：通常有不定式表示，由于不定式的客观性和将来性特征。不定式前还可加上inorder，soas来加强说话的口气。但soasto通常不用于句首。

TheSmithshavegonetoLondontospendtheirholidays.

Icamehere(inorder/soas)tohearthereport.

Inorderto(不用soasto)seebetter,wetookfrontseats.

②时间状语：分词作时间状语相当于时间状语从句。现在分词作时间状语一般位于句首，表示的动作和谓语动词的动作同时发生，有时现在分词前可以加上时间连词。如果分词动作发生在谓语动词之前，用现在分词的完成体形式。过去分词作时间状语与谓语动词构成同时性和被动意义。分词前有时加上时间连词。

Arriving(=Whenhearrived)atthebusstop,hefoundhissisterthere.

Waiting(=WhenIwaswaiting)toseethedoctor,Imetwithafriendofmine.

Having(=Whenwehave)madefullpreparations,wearereadyforanexamination.

Having(=Whenhehad)finishedhishomework,hewenttobed.

Afterfinishinghishomework,hewenttobed.

Seen(=Whenthetownisseen)fromthehill,thetownlooksmorebeautiful.

Locked(=Whenhewaslooked)upintheroom,hefoundhimselfisolatedfromtheouterworld.

Whenaskedtomakeaspeech,hesaidhewasgladtodoso.当请他作演讲时

Oncerecovered,hewillgoallouttodohiswork.一旦康复

③原因状语：不定式作原因状语往往用于形容词之后,这些形容词通常是happy,sorry,fortunate,angry,glad,ashamed,discouraged,delighted,frightened,shocked等。分词作原因状语相当于原因状语从句。一般位于句首。

Iamsorrytohearthatyouarenotwell.

Imverysorrytohavekeptyouwaitingsolong.让你久等了

Wearegreatlydelightedtohaveanativeasourguide.

Being(=Sincehewas)illalllastyear,helivedinasanatorium.

Therebeingnoenoughmoney,hecouldntbuythedictionarythathewanted.由于没有钱

Having(=Sincetheyhad)beenaskedtostay,theycouldntpossiblyleaverightaway.

Moved(=Ashewasmoved)bytheheroicdeedsofthePLAman,heburstintotears.

④条件状语：通常用分词来表示，相当于条件状语从句。一般位于句首。

Turning(=Ifyouturn)totheleft，youwillseethepostoffice.

United(=Ifweareunited),westand;divided(=ifwearedivided),wefall.

Given(=Ifhehadbeengiven)moretime,hewouldbeabletodobetter.

⑤结果状语从句：不定式作结果状语通常用于so+形容词或副词+asto，such+名词+asto，too…to，enoughto和onlyto等结构。现在分词作结果状语表示谓语动词的结果。

Hearrivedlatetofindthetraingone.

Iworkedlateintothenight,onlytofindIhadnotfinishedhalfofthejob.

Hewassofriendlyastobealwayshelpfultohisneighbors.

Hisissuchasadstoryastoarouseoutsympathy.

Iranfasterthanever,reachingtheschoolyardquiteoutofbreath.

Themandiedyoung,leavingnothingbutdebt.

⑥让步状语：通常由过去分词来表示，而且前面通常有表示让步意义的though。

Thoughwounded,thesoldiermanagedtogettothevillagesafely.

Thoughwarnedofthedanger,hestillwentskatingonthethinice.

⑦伴随或方式状语：分词作伴随状语通常位于句尾，表示谓语动词正在所处主动或被动的状态。

Chinesebusinessmen,taxidriversandstudentstalkwiththemusingEnglish.

Shecamerunningtowardsus.

Theywalkedalongthestreets,talkingandlaughing.

Hewentintothehouse,followedbysomechildren.

Hecontinuedtowalkupanddown,lostinthought.

IV.关于therebe的非谓语形式

therebe非谓语形式可在句中作主语、宾语、状语和定语

1.作动词宾语时，通常用theretobe结构，而不用therebeing。能这样用的及物动词为：expect，like，mean，intend，want，prefer，hate等，如：

Wedontwanttheretobeanycomradeslaggingbehind.我们不希望有任何同志掉队。

Theyhatetheretobelongqueueseverywhere..他们不愿意处处都要排长队。

Wehavenoobjectiontotherebeingameetinghere.我们并不反对在这里开会。

2.作状语多用therebeing结构，但若置于介词for之后要用theretobe

Therebeingnobodyelseathand,Ihadtodobymyself.由于附近没有人，我只得独自干了。(原因状语)

It’stooearlyfortheretobeanybodyup.太早了，还不会有人起床。(作程度状语)

Therehavingbeennorainforalongtime，thegroundwasverydry.

因为好长时间没下雨了，地面非常干燥。(原因状语)

3.作主语时两种结构都可以，但如是用for引导则要用theretobe.

Itisnotuncommonfortheretobeproblemsofcommunicationbetweenoldandyoung.

老人与年青人之间存在着沟通问题是很常见的。

Therebeingakindergartenoncampusisagreatconveniencetofemaleteachers.

校园内有幼儿园对女教师十分方便。

　

1.—Whydon’tyoulikeTom?—Ithinkheisaman_________.

A.tobeworkedwithB.workingwithC.toworkwithD.beingworkedwith

2.Hesaidthathe_________whathecould________us,buthewastoobusythen.

A.woulddo,helpB.couldhavedone,tohelpC.wouldhavedone,helpingD.coulddo,helped

3.Wouldyoupleasetellmethewaythoughtof_________thegarden.

A.takecareofB.totakecareofC.takingcareofD.howtotakecareof

4.—Youlookrathertiredtoday.

—______nottomissthe4:20flight,Ididn’tdaretoclosemyeyes.

A.RemindingB.Reminded

C.BeingremindedD.Havingreminded

5.___________,themonumentcouldberestoredtoitsformerglory.

A.IfrepairedwellB.IfrepairingwellC.TorepairwellD.Repairingwell

6.“Can’tyouread?”Marysaid_______tothenotice.

A.angrilypointingB.andpointangrily

C.angrilypointedD.andangrilypointing

7.OnAugust12,TyphoonMorakotsweptacrossTaiwanisland,_________alotofvillages___________.

A.left;damagedB.leaving;damagingC.leaving;damagedD.left;damaging

8.Thefood,____________good,wassoonsoldoutwhenitwastakentothemarket.

A.tastedB.beingtastedC.tastingD.havingtasted

9.Walterofferedusaliftwhenhewasleavingtheoffice,butourwork_______,werefusedhisoffer.

A.notfinishingB.hadnotbeenfinished

C.nothavingfinishedD.notfinished

10.Withtoomanyconstructionprojects_________allthestrengthoutoftheeconomy,peopleofthesmallcountrycomplainedalot.

A.suckingB.tosuckC.beingsuckedD.beingsucking

11.TimBemers-Leeisgenerallyconsidered_________theWorldWideWeb,onwhichalltheinformationissharedbyall.

A.tohavefoundedB.havingfoundedC.foundingD.tofound

12.Onthebankoftheriver,wefoundhim______onabeach,withhiseyes_______onakiteinthesky.

A.seated;fixingB.sitting;fixingC.seated;beingfixedD.sitting;fixed

13.Tigers_____meat-eatinganimals_____meats.

A.belongedto;feedonB.belongingto;feedon

C.werebelongedto;arefedonD.belongingto;arefedon

14.______fortheseriousaccident,thepresentofShanxiProvincehadtoresign.

A.ToblameB.BlamingC.BeingtoblameD.Tobeblamed

15.Withsomebooksheneeded_________,hewentintothebookstorequickly.

A.tobuyB.boughtC.tobeboughtD.buying

16.AftertheShenzhouVIcapsule(太空舱)toucheddown,twoastronautssucceededintravelingaroundthe

earth,thusagain__________Chinaisaglobalspacepower.

A.provingB.toproveC.tohaveprovedD.beingproved

17.Therewasanicelittlegiftforeveryone,withasuitablepoem_______toit.

A.attachedB.tobeattachingC.toattachD.attaching

18.____byhisparentsforlong,Johnfeelssadintheheartthoughheappears_______bothered

aboutit.

A.Beingignored;nottobeB.Tobeignored;tohavenotbeen

C.Ignored;nottobeD.Ignoring;notbeing

19.Weare_______totalkloudlyinthedormitorywhenothersaretakinganoon-break.

A.supposedB.supposingC.notsupposedD.notsupposing

20.Thelatestsurvey,_________by,foundmorethan12percentofteenagerswanttoworkaspilots.

A.tobecarriedoutB.beingcarriedoutC.carriedoutD.havingbeencarriedout

21.TheconstructionofaneconomiczonetothewestcoastoftheTaiwanStraits,_____atpresent,willsurelystimulate(刺激)thedecliningeconomyonbothsidesoftheStraits.

A.tobediscussedB.beingdiscussedC.discussedD.discussing

22.Theyoungmansatbackinhissofa,______withwhathehadworkedouttodowiththeremainingwork.

A.havingsatisfiedB.beingsatisfiedC.TobesatisfiedD.satisfied

23.Annawasreadingapieceofsciencefiction,completely_____totheoutsideworld.

A.havingbeenlostB.tobelostC.losingD.lost

24.—Thepolicehavecaughtthemurderer.

—Yes,butherefusedtoadmit________hiswifeonarainynightsevenyearsago.

A.tokillB.tohavekilledC.havingkilledD.havebeenkilling

25.________totrainhisdaughterinEnglish,heputanadlikethisinthepaper,“_________,anEnglishteacherforaten-year-oldgirl.”

A.Determined;wantedB.Determined;wantingC.Determine;wantedD.Determining;wanting

26.—Lucydoesn’tseemtobewhatshewas.

—No._________somuchinthewarhasmadehermorethoughtful.

A.SeenB.HerseeingC.HavingseenD.Tohaveseen

27.twiceayear,whetheritisacarorabusoratruck,istherulethateverydrivermustobeyinthiscity.

A.ExaminingB.ExaminedC.BeingexaminedD.Havingbeenexamined

28.Wehopethebuildingproject_________willbecompletedassoonaspossiblebecausealotofcitizensarecomplainingaboutthenoises.

A.tobecarriedoutB.carriedoutC.beingcarriedoutD.carryingout

29.Anewteachnique_________theyieldsasawholeincreasedbyabout30percent.

A.hadappliedB.havingappliedC.tohaveappliedD.havingbeenapplied

30.Thelonglastingwar,______withbloodanddeaths,endedinpeople’ssadness,_______noresult.

A.filling;reachedB.filled;toreachC.filling;wouldreachD.filled;reaching

31.Thetwooldsisters，_______solong，heldeachotherandburstintotears.

A.beingseparatedB.havingbeenseparatedC.havingseparatedD.hadbeenseparated

32.Somepeopleagainsttollbooths(收费站)arguethatroads,once___________,shouldbefree.

A.buildingB.builtC.havingbuiltD.beingbuilt

33.Somethingextraordinaryhappenedinthathospital.Aman,________clinicallydead,suddenlycametolife.

A.declaringB.beingdeclaredC.declaredD.havingdeclared

34._________yourreceipttothecustomerservicedepartmentandtheywillpaythemoneybacktoyou.

A.HavingbroughtB.BringC.BringingD.Tobring

35.____itwithmeshouldbeagoodchoice.Trustme.

A.WhenleftB.LeavingC.IfyouleaveD.Leave

36.Ireallycantunderstand_________herlikethat.

A.youtreatB.youtotreatC.whytreatD.youtreating

37._____whathecando.Hemightgetajobtomorrow.Hemightstayoutofworkforweeks.

A.Wedidn’tknowB.Hedoesn’tknowC.ThereisnoknowingD.Itwasknownthat

38.Therearealotofstudentsinthereadingroom,mostof_________withtheireyes_________onandtheirheadsbentovertheirbooks.

A.whom;fixingB.them;fixedC.whom;fixedD.them;fixing

39.TheboyIconsidered______cheatedinthelastexam.

A.tobehonestB.thatishonestC.washonestD.beinghonest

40.Thoughatyphoonisontheway,peoplearestilllookingforward_________theoutdoorconcertbythepopsinger.

A.tocancelingB.nottocancelingC.nottocancelD.tonotcanceling

1-5CBBBA6-10ACCDA11-15ADBCA16-20AACCC

21-25BDDCA26-30BCCDD31-35BBCBB36-40DCBAD

高考二轮复习英语考案:非谓语动词和独立主格结构

2010高考二轮复习英语考案:非谓语动词和独立主格结构
1.I’mthirsty.Willyougetmesomething____?
A.drinkB.todrinkC.eatD.eating
2.Howlongdidyouspend____yournewhouseyesterday?
A.todecorateB.decorateC.decoratingD.decorated
3.Itwasgreatfun_____apicniconthehill.
A.tohaveB.ofhavingC.haveD.had
4.----Lily,keepthewindow____.Thesandstormhasn’tstoppedyet.----OK,I’lldothat.
A.closeB.closedC.openD.opened
5.Apolicemansawtwothieves____agirl’smobilephoneonabusandhecaughtthematonce.
A.tostealB.stealingC.stoleD.stolen
6.It’sbadforyoureyes____computergamesforalongtime.
A.playsB.toplayC.playD.played
7.Thescientistsuggested____theexperimentinadifferentway.
A.doB.todoC.doingD.done
8.--DoyouoftenhearJohn___inhisroom?--Yes.Listen!Nowwecanhearhim___inhisroom.
A.sing;tosingB.singing;singingC.sing;singingD.tosing;singing
9.Theheadmaster’swordsarequite_____.
A.encouragedB.encouragementC.encouragingD.encourage
10.Whynot____?
A.lethimtogohomeB.tolethimgohome
C.lethimgohomeD.tolethimtogohome
11.Theyweremade____fourteenhoursaday.
A.workB.workingC.workedD.towork
12.Isitalwayseasier____friendsthantokeepthem?
A.makingB.makeC.tomakeD.made
13.Hestoodtherefortwohours____thegame.
A.watchedB.watchingC.iswatchingD.waswatching
14.It____Jacktwentyminutes____themathproblemyesterday.
A.took;toworkoutB.takes;workedout
C.hastaken;workoutD.istaking;workingout
15.Whenyouleave,don’tforget____offthelight.
A.toturnB.turningC.turnD.turned
16.Whodoyouthinkyou’dlike____?
A.tomakefriendsB.makefriendsC.tomakefriendswithD.makefriendswith
17.AlthoughJefflovesKFC,hetries____ittoooften.
A.toeatB.noteatC.tonoteatD.nottoeat
18.--Hi,Betty.ShallwegoswimmingthisSunday?
--ThisSunday?Iamsorry,Ihavealotofhomework____thisSunday.
A.todoB.doneC.doD.tobedone
19.Sallyhadnopen____yesterdaymorning.
A.towriteB.towritewithC.writingD.writingwith
20.JohnaskedDavidhow____Christmas.
A.celebratingB.tocelebrateC.tobecelebratedD.celebrate
21.--Excuseme,sir.Lookatthesignonthewall“NO____”.
--Oh,I’msorry.I’llneverdoitagain.
A.PARKEDB.SMOKEC.SPITTINGD.SMOKED
22.----Boysandgirls,willyouplease____theparkthisafternoon?----OK.
A.notcleaningoutB.nottocleanoutC.tocleanupD.cleanup
23.Doyoupractice______Englisheverymorning?
A.speakB.tospeakC.speakingD.spoken
24.TheGreatGreenWallwillstopthewindfrom____theearthaway.
A.blowB.blowingC.blewD.toblow
25.WeallconsideredMrZhao____teacher.
A.bethebestB.tobethebestC.beingbestD.beingthebest
26.Mysisterusedtobefondof____tabletennis.
A.playB.playedC.playingD.toplay
27.Howabout____?
A.togooutforawalkB.goswimmingintheriver
C.visitingthesickchildreninthehospitalD.tohavinglunchintherestaurant
28.It’sverykind____youto____me____theheavybag.
A.for;tell;totakeB.of;thank;forC.to;speak;tohaveD.of;help;carry
29.Haveyoudecided____?
A.togowithwhomB.whomtogowithC.whomgowithD.withwhomtogo
30.Herhope____agoldmedalinthe2008OlympicGames.
A.towinB.istowinC.winningD.willwin
31.Themeetingroomisbigenough____onehundredpeople.
A.holdingB.holdC.toholdD.holds
32.Wouldyoupleasepassmetheknife____?
A.tocutthewatermelonwithB.tocutthewatermelon
C.cuttingthewatermelonD.cuttingthewatermelonwith
33.Itisbettertoteachamantofishthan____himfish.
A.givingB.togiveC.givesD.gave
34.Jennyisinterestedin____inherfreetime.
A.listenedtotheradioB.readingmagazines
C.watchTVD.playstennis
35.Thepolicemanwarnedtheyoungman____afterdrinking.
A.nevertodriveB.toneverdriveC.neverdrivingD.neverdrive
36.Whatdoyouthinkisthebestway____thewildanimals?
A.protectingB.toprotectC.protectedD.protect
37.I’drather____ontheland____inafactory.
A.work;thanworkB.work;workC.towork;thantoworkD.towork;towork
38.Mygrandfatherisused____ahatinwinter.
A.towearB.forwearingC.wearingD.towearing
39.Sheis____withhermotherthisafternoon.
A.goingtoshoppingB.goingshoppingC.goingtobeshoppingD.gotoshop
40.Theresultofthegameis____.
A.frustrateB.frustratingC.frustratedD.frustrates
41.I’msorry____youenoughhelp.
A.havegivenB.ofnotgivingC.nottohavegivenD.tohavegiven
42.Herbrotherwas____atherwords.
A.annoyB.annoyingC.annoyedD.beingannoying
43.Aftertheearthquake,almostallthewindowsare____.
A.breakB.brokeC.brokenD.breaking
44.Theyarelookingforwardto____allovertheworld.
A.travelB.traveledC.travelingD.betraveled
45.Wouldyoumind____becausethere’resomanychildren____here?
A.smoke;playB.smoking;playing
C.notsmoking;playD.notsmoking;playing
46.SomestudentsfromGrade9____dosome____fortheold.
A.volunteeredto;cleanB.volunteered;cleaning
C.volunteeredto;cleaningD.volunteered;clean
47.____Englishismucheasierthanspeakingit.
A.ReadB.ToreadC.ReadingD.Reads
48.Theyoungmanwasoftenseen____bythelake.
A.todrawB.todrawingC.drawD.drew
49.Whenhewasintheoffice,hepreferred____something____nothing.
A.todo;thandoB.todo;ratherthan
C.doing;ratherthandoingD.doing;todoing
50.It’stoohottoday.Whynot____yourcoat?
A.takenoffB.totakeoffC.takeoffD.takingoff
51.Whenhewasaboy,heusedtogothereandwatch_____.
A.torepairbicyclesB.bicyclestoberepaired
C.bicyclesbeingrepairedD.repairingbicycles
52.---Haveyouconsidered_____yourjobasateacher?
---Yes.Ilikethejobbecauseateacherisoftenconsidered_____agardener.
A.tochange;tobeB.tochange;being
C.changing;beingD.changing;tobe
53.Thedog,_____,willbemadeagoodwatchdog.
A.totrainproperlyB.beingtrainedproperly
C.properlytotrainD.trainedproperly
54._____thediamond,hehadtolookforaplacetohideit.
A.HavingstolenB.HavingbeenstolenC.StolenD.Stealing
55.___thefrontdoor___,hehadtoentertheroomthroughthebackdoor.
A.Seen;paintedB.Seeing;painted
C.Beingseen;beingpaintedD.Seeing;beingpainted
56.Andthere,almost_____inthebigchair,satherlittlebrother,whoneverhadtobetoldtokeepquiet.
A.havinglostB.losingC.tobelostD.lost
57.Helookedaroundandcaughtaman_____hishandintothepocketofapassenger.
A.putB.tobeputtingC.toputD.putting
58.Toanswercorrectlyismoreimportantthan_____.
A.thatyoufinishquicklyB.finishingquickly
C.tofinishquicklyD.finishquickly
59.Theoldfarmer,_____thebadlyinjuredandburntsoldier,cameoutoftheburningfarmhouse,callingcontinuouslyforhelp.
A.supportingB.havingsupported
C.beingsupportedbyD.beingsupported
60.InJanuary,2004,theUnitedStatessuccessfullylaunched“Spirit”,aMarsExplorationRover,_____anewmilestoneinthehistoryofmankind.
A.itmarkedB.markingC.markedD.tomark
61.Itwasgettingdark;Ifoundacar_____inapoolbythesideoftheroad.
A.tobestuckB.stuckC.stickingD.stick
62.Youcan’timaginewhatgreattroubletheyhave_____theproblem_____.
A.tosolve;beingtalkedaboutB.solving;discussing
C.tosolve;totalkaboutD.solving;beingdiscussed
63.Themonumentwasbuiltinhonoroftheexplorerwhowasbelieved_____theriver.
A.tohavediscoveredB.tohavebeendiscovered
C.todiscoverD.havingbeendiscovered
64.Thethieffelltotheground,hisleftfoot_____andblood_____downfromhismouth.
A.breaking;runningB.broken;running
C.breaking;runD.broken;run
65.Theprogramwassoexcitingthatthechildrenkepttheireyes_____onthescreen.
A.tofixB.tobefixedC.fixedD.fixing
66.AsIwillbeawayforatleastayear,I’dappreciate_____fromyounowandthensothatIcanknowhoweveryoneisgettingalong.
A.havingheardB.tohearC.hearingD.beingheard
67._____,thesubjectwasalwaysinmymind.
A.WalkingorsleepingB.Walkingorslept
C.HavingwalkedorsleptD.Towalkandsleep
68.---Didyougetadictionary?
　---No,I_____,buttherewerenotany_____.
A.tried;tobeleftB.hadtriedto;leaving
C.triedto;leftD.hadtried;haveleft
69.Whenhecameto,hefoundhimself_____onachair,withhishands_____back.
A.tosit;tyingB.sitting;tying
C.seating;tiedD.seated;tied
70.ThejoketoldbyTommadeus_____,sotheteachercouldn’tmakehimself_____.
A.tolaugh;hearingB.laughing;heard
C.laughing;hearD.laughed;heard
71.Alloftheflowersnow_____herehavedevelopedfromthoseonce_____intheforest.
　A.raised;grownB.rising;growing
　C.raised;growingD.rising;grown
72.Henrycan’tattendtheparty_____atTom’shouseatpresentbecauseheispreparingthespeechattheparty_____atMarie’shousetomorrow.
　A.held;beingheldB.tobeheld;tobeheld
　C.tobeheld;heldD.beingheld;tobeheld
73.Seeingthesoldierswell_____fortheflood-fight,thegeneralnoddedwithsatisfaction.
　A.prepareB.preparingC.preparedD.havingprepared
74.Don’tworry.I’llhaveit_____andgetsomeone_____ittoyoutomorrow.
　A.typed;sendB.totype;tosendC.type;sendD.typed;tosend
75.Thesunwasshiningbrightly,_____everythingthere_____morebeautiful.
A.making;lookB.tomake;looked
　C.andmade;lookingD.andmaking;belooked
76.Howcouldhegettheplan_____withoutanyonetosupporthim?
　A.tocarryoutB.carryoutC.carryingoutD.carriedout
77.Newideassometimeshavetowaitforyearsbefore_____.
　A.beingfullyacceptingB.fullyaccepting
　C.havingfullyacceptedD.fullyaccepted
78.Havingpassedallthetests,shefeltagreatweight_____offhermind.
　A.takingB.takenC.takeD.tobetaken
79.I’mexaminingthearticlehehasjustfinished_____thepossiblemistakesinit.
　A.beingcorrectedB.tocorrectC.correctedD.havingcorrected
80._____fullpreparations,wedecidedtoputoffthemeetingtillnextweek.
　A.WedidnotmakeB.Havingnotmade
　C.WehadnotmadeD.Nothavingmade
81.Weshouldpreventsuchasillymistake_____again.
　A.occurringB.tooccurC.tobeoccurredD.frombeingoccurred
82.Iregret_____hardatschool,orIwouldhavesucceededinpassingtheexam.
　A.nottoworkB.havingnotworked
　C.tohavenotworkedD.nothavingworked
83.Theylookedforwardwithhope_____achancetoreceivefurthereducation.
　A.forgettingB.ofgettingC.togetD.togetting
84.“Well,I’lltellyouasecret...”saidtheboy,withhismouthalmost_____myear.
　A.touchedB.touchingC.touchD.totouch
85.Towardsevening,thepatientopenedhismouthasif_____somethingtohisson.
　A.saidB.sayC.tosayD.tohavesaid
86.---Wouldyoube_____lendmeyourbicycle?
　---Sure.
　A.sokindastoB.kindenoughasto
　C.verykindtoD.sokindto
87.Thebeachissobeautifulthatitisworthwhile,Ithink,_____forashortholiday.
　A.ofgoingB.tobegoingC.yourgoingD.youtogo
88.Theteacheraskedmore_____topreventthestudents’eyesfrombeinginjured.
　A.todoB.done　C.tobedoneD.beingdone
89.SomeoftheschoolsinShanghaihavemovedonestepcloserto_____withtheglobaleducationcommunity.
　A.beingconnectedB.connect
　C.havingconnectedD.beconnected
90.Theperformanceofthehost,_____topleasetheaudienceanddrawtheirattention,wasgreetedwithacoldsilence,however.
　A.hadintendedB.intendedC.beingintendedD.tointend
91._____andoutofbreath,wereachedthetopofthemountainandstopped_____thebeautifulscenery.
　A.Tiring;toadmireB.Beingtired;admiring
　C.Tired;toadmireD.Tired;admiring
92.The18-storeyedbuilding,when_____,willshutoutthesun_____uptheroomsinmyhouse.
　A.completed;lightedB.completing;lighting
　C.completing;lightedD.completed;lighting
93.---IhearWarren_____inamiddleschool.
　---What?Ican’timaginehim_____asateacher.
A.teaches;workingB.teaches;work
C.teach;toworkD.teach;working
94.____he’sonlybeenlearningEnglishforayear,hespeaksitverywell.
A.ConsideredB.Considering
C.HavingconsideredD.Toconsider
95.Itwas_____computergamesthatcosttheboyalotoftimethatheoughttohavespentonhislessons.
A.tohaveplayedB.playingC.playedD.havingplayed
96.Atnotimedoesthesalesgirlgetuplateinthemorning,forsheisalwaystoobusy_____agoodrest.
A.totakeB.takingC.tookD.taken
97._____asthemostexcellentstudentinheruniversity,asmostclassmateshadexpected,madeherparentsveryhappy.
A.MarywaschosenB.Marychosen
C.MarybeingchosenD.Mary’sbeingchosen
98._____thebigsnake,thelittlegirlstoodunderthetree_____todeath.
A.Seeing;frightenedB.Seeing;frightening
C.Seen;frightenD.Tosee;frightening
99.Youwillseethisproductmadeinthisfactory_____whereveryougo.
A.tobeadvertisedB.advertisedC.advertiseD.advertising
100.Mr.Greenissaid_____anexperimenttoprovethenewmethodofsolving　theproblemwhenyoung.
A.todoB.tohavedoneC.tobedoingD.tohavebeendoing
101．Theweather___fine,theydecidedtogooutforawalk.
A.wereB.wasC.isD.being
102.Thecompositiongivenbytheteacher___,AlicewenttowatchTV.
A.beingdonewellB.hasbeendonewell
C.havingdonewellD.donewell
103.Thelastplane___,theyhadtostayinthehotelforanothernight.
A.leftB.havingleftC.havingbeenleftD.beleaving
104.Itisabeautifulvillagewithamountain____it.
A.SurroundedB.surroundingC.havingsurroundedD.havingbeensurrounded
105.Everything___intoconsideration,hisworkiswelldone.
A.takingB.takenC.hasbeentakenD.beingtaken
106.Allhiswork___,helefthisofficeatease.
A.finishedB.hadbeenfinishedC.finishingD.tofinish
107．Thepowerstationwasbuiltontheriverwithourvillageandsomeothers___withelectricity.
A.tosupplyB.suppliedC.supplyingD.havingsupplied
108.____fiveminutes____beforethelasttrainleft,wearrivedatthestation.
A.Therebeing;togoB.Itwas;left
C.Ithad;leftD.Therewas;togo
109.Christmas____,thefamilywasfullofexcitement.
A.wasthenonlydaysawayB.werethenonlydaysaway
C.thenonlydaysawayD.havingbeenthenonlydaysaway
110.Theyfirstreachanagreementonthebasicprinciple,thedetails____later
A.toworkitoutB.havingbeenworkedout
C.tobeworkedoutD.beingworkedout
111.Thepurse_____,theywenttothepolice.
A.notyetfoundB.hasn’tbeenfound
C.beingnotfoundD.nothavingyetfound
112.Theysatintheroomwiththecurtains_____.
A.drawingB.havingbeendrawn
C.drawnD.beingdrawn
113.Cars_____,theywerepunishedbythepolice.
A.parkingillegallyB.parkedillegally
C.beingparkedillegallyD.havingparkedillegally
114.Mr.Smithstoodbesidethewindow,hisattention____thecaroutside.
A.focusonB.focusinguponC.focusedonD.beenfocusedon
115.There____,weleft.
A.beingnothingelsetodoB.isnothingelsetodo
C.wasnothingelsetodoD.havingnothingelsetodo
参考答案
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31—35CABBA36—40BADBB41—45CCCCD46—50CCADC51-55CDDAD56-60DDCAB
61-65BDABC66-70CACDB71-75CDCDA76-80DDBBD81-85ADDBC86-90ACCAB91-95CDABB96-100ADABB101-105DDBBB106-110ABACC111-115ACBCA

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