一名爱岗敬业的教师要充分考虑学生的理解性,作为高中教师就要根据教学内容制定合适的教案。教案可以让学生能够听懂教师所讲的内容,让高中教师能够快速的解决各种教学问题。优秀有创意的高中教案要怎样写呢?小编特地为大家精心收集和整理了“高二英语选修7第2单元unit2导学单(4)”,欢迎阅读,希望您能阅读并收藏。
选修七unit2usinglanguage
ABiographyofIsaacAsimov
Step1.Fastreading
ReadthepassagequicklyandmarkallthephrasesoftimeinParagraphTwo,Three,FourandSix.
Step2.TimelineoftheeventsinAsimov’slife
1920:BorninRussia
1922:Sisterborn
1923:Movedwithfamilyto__________.
Parentsboughtacandystore.
1929:Startedworking_________inthecandystore.
Motherhadherthirdchild.
____:Startedtotakehimselfseriouslyasawriter.
1939:Begunhavingstoriespublishedin_____________magazines.
____:Gainedmaster’sdegreeinchemistry.
1942:Finishedworkinginthecandystore.
Marriedhis______wife
1942-1945:Workedasa(n)________
__________,PhiladelphiaNavyYard.
____:GotPhDinchemistry.
____:Becameabiochemistryteacher,BostonUniversitySchoolofMedicine.
1950:Publishedhisfirstnovelpublished_______.Developedthreelawsforrobots.
1951-1953:PublishedtheFoundationtrilogyandwonanawardforit.
____:Publishedfirstsciencebook.
____:Becameafull-timewriter.
1973:Divorcedhisfirstwife.Marriedfora______time.
____:Hadabloodtransfusion.BecameinfectedwithHIV.
1992:Diedin_________.
Step3.exercises
(1)—Haveyoupassedtheexamination?
—NO,I_____,butfailed.
A.triedB.triedto
C.managetoD.trytopass
(2)Try_____atthebackdoorifnobodyanswersyouatthefrontdoor.
A.toknockB.tobeknocking
C.knockingD.havingknocked
(3)Whenwefinally_____togethomeafterthetiringlongjourneywecouldhardlymoveastepfarther.
A.triedB.succeeded
C.managedD.attempted
(4)Thevisitorsare_____at_____changethathastakenplaceinthiscountry.
A.amazed;amazedB.amazing;amazing
C.amazed;amazingD.amazing;amazed
(5)Tomy_____,hedidntfeel_____athismarks.
A.amazed;amazementB.amazed;amazed
C.amazement;amazingD.amazement;amazed
(6)1dontthinkhecandotheworkwell,becauseheis______16yearsold.
A.morethanB.lessthan
C.nomorethanD.notlessthan
(7)ThebeautyoftheWestLakeis______wordscandescribe.
A.muchthanB.morethan
C.nomorethanD.notmorethan
(8)Hetoldmeto______,forhewantedtostayforawhileallbyhimself.
A.leavehimbehindB.leavehimout
C.forgetaboutD.leavehimalone
一名优秀的教师在教学方面无论做什么事都有计划和准备,作为高中教师就要根据教学内容制定合适的教案。教案可以让学生们充分体会到学习的快乐,帮助高中教师提前熟悉所教学的内容。高中教案的内容要写些什么更好呢?下面是小编为大家整理的“Grammar:动词不定式教案”,但愿对您的学习工作带来帮助。
Grammar:动词不定式
Ⅰ.不定式句法功能
1.作主语:Thecatsaid,“Totakerollercoaster”isterrible.
不定式短语作主语时,可以直接放在句首,但在很多情况下,尤其是在疑问句和感叹句中,往往放在谓语之后,而用先行代词it作形式主语。
→Thecatsaid,“It’sterribletotakerollercoaster.”
Howlongdidittakeyoutotakerollercoaster?
Howterribleitistotakerollercoaster?
不定式作主语常见句型:
a)Itis+adj.(easy,important,difficult…)+不定式
b)Itis+n.(apity,apleasure,one’sduty,ashame)+不定式
eg.It’smydutytoteachyouhowtobeastudentofNo.3MiddleSchool.
c)Ittakes/needs/requires+sometime(hours,months,days,patience…)+不定式
eg.Itrequirespatiencetobeagoodteacher.
2.作表语:当句子的主语是aim,idea,policy,question,suggestion,wish,task,duty,job,purpose等或者主语是what引导的名词性从句时,后面可以用不定式做表语,用以说明主语所包含内容。
eg.Ourmostimportanttasknowistomakeaplan.
注:作表语的不定式都带to,但当主语部分有实义动词do时,to可以省略。
eg.Theonlythingwecandonowiswaitandsee.
3.作宾语
Thecatsaid“Remembernottotakeitnexttime!”.
a)可以直接用不定式作宾语的动词很多,常见的有:agree,afford,tend,ask,decide,determine,expect,fail,hope,learn,intend,manage,offer,plan,promise,refuse,want,wish等
Idon’twant_____likeI’mspeakingillofanybody,butthemanager’splanisunfair.
A.tosoundB.tobesoundedC.soundingD.tohavesounded
当不定式短语比宾补长时,往往将不定式放到宾补后,而用先行代词it作形式宾语,常用动词有feel,think,find,believe,consider,make等。
Thecatfeltitterribletotakerollercoaster.
b)不定式一般不作介词的宾语,只有少数介词如but,except等后面可以跟不定式作宾语。一般情况下作介词宾语的不定式都带to,如果but或except所在句子里的谓语动词都是实义动词do,does,did时,通常省略to。
Eg.Wehavenochoicebuttowait.
Cf.Wecandonothingbutwait.
4.宾语补足语
在SVOC句型中,许多动词都可以按不定式作宾语补足语。
a)通常作宾语补语的不定式要带to,常用于以下动词之后:ask,tell,advise,allow,enable,expect,force,get,like,order,teach,want,invite,wish,beg等
Youshouldgetthemtohelpyou.
但在谓语动词believe,find,think,feel,consider,suppose,imagine,prove等后面跟tobe…作宾补,不跟todo…
eg.Theybelievehimtobehonest.
b)以下两类动词后跟不定式作宾补时不能带to
①一些表示“致使”意义的动词,如:let,have,make等
②一些表示感觉的动词,如:hear,feel,see,watch,notice等
Don’tletthechildrentroubleyou.
Iheardsomeoneopenthedoor.
但当这两类动词为被动态时,不定式就成了主补。作主补的不定式必须加上to
Hisfathermadehimgotobedearly.
→Hewasmadetogotobedearlybyhisfather.
5.作定语
不定式可以在句子充当后置定语,修饰名词。
以下几类情况常用不定式作定语:
①能带不定式作宾语的动词,其同源名词可以带不定式作定语。常见的有attempt,decision,promise,plan等
eg.Hehasn’tkepthispromisetowritetohisparentsregularly.
②常与不定式搭配的形容词,其同源名词一般可以用不定式作定语。常见的有ability,determination,anxiety,eagerness等
eg.Hiseagernesstofinishhishomeworkwasquiteclear.
③序数词形容词最高级或被only,last,next等修饰的名词可以用不定式作定语:
Shewastheonlypersontosurviveaftertheearthquake.
Tips:不定式在作定语时,有时与被修饰的名词有意义上的主谓关系、同位关系、动宾关系,如果该不定式是不及物动词,它后面需要加上适当介词。
Eg.He’salwaysthefirsttocomeandthelasttoleave.主谓关系
I’venotimetolistentoyourexcuse.同位关系
Shehasameetingtoattend.(动宾关系=attendameeting)
There’snothingtoworryabout.(动宾关系=worryaboutnothing)
6.作状语
不定式可以作状语,表示目的、结果、原因、条件等。
①to…,inorderto…,soasto…(不能放在句首)作目的状语
Allthesegiftsmustbemailedimmediately_____intimeforChristmas.
A.inordertohavereceivedB.inordertoreceiveC.soastobereceivedD.soastobereceiving
②在so…asto,such….asto,onlyto…结构中不定式作结果状语,其中onlyto…用于表示意想不到的结果。
Hehurriedtothestationonlytofindthetrainhadgone.
③enoughto,too…to结构
eg.Theboyisn’toldenoughtogotoschool.
=Theboyistooyoungtogotoschool.
④形容词(happy,glad,lucky,fortunate,surprised,angry,anxious,ready,quick,slow,cruel,clever等)+不定式结构
eg.I’mgladtomeetyou.
Thequestionisdifferenttoanswer.
Heishardtogetalongwith.
7.作插入语,用来说明说话人的态度、看法、对整个句子进行解释,如tobefrank(坦白地说),tobesure(确实)等。
Eg.Totellyouthetruth,Ihateyou.
8.作同位语
eg.Theordertostartthegeneralattacksooncame.
不定式的复合结构,以it为形式主语或形式宾语引导的复合结构,如果其前的形容词是指行为的性质就用:forsb.todosth.这种复合结构在句中可作主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语等。
ItisnecessaryformetolearnEnglishwell.
如果该形容词是指行为的性质,同时又指行为的人,则用ofsb.todosth.。这种句式中的常用形容词有:right,wrong,brave,careful,careless,clever,wise,stupid,cruel,foolish,good,honest,kind,nice,silly等。
eg.It’sverykindofyoutocometoseeme.
连接代(副)词+不定式(包括whether,what,which,whom,where,when,how,不包括why),在句中起名词的作用,通常跟在诸如tell,know,show,decide,learn,wonder,explain等动词后作宾、主语或表语。
Eg.NoonecantellmewheretofindJohn.
Whentotheexamisstillunknown.
Theproblemishowtogetenoughmoney.
不定式的进行式、完成式和被动式
①不定式的进行式由tobe+V-ing构成,用来表示谓语动词动作发生时,不定式的动作正在进行。
Eg.SomestudentspretendedtobereadingEnglishwhentheteachercamein.
②不定式完成式由tohave+V-ed构成,用来表示动作发生在谓语动作之前。
Eg.---IsBobstillperforming?
---I’mafraidnot.Heissaid_______thestagealreadyashehasbecomeanofficial.
A.tohaveleftB.toleaveC.tohavebeenD.tobeleft
答案是A
③不定式的被动式分为一般式被动tobeV-ing和完成式被动tohavebeenV-ed。当不定式的逻辑主语是不定式所表示的动作的承受者时,不定式要用被动语态。
Eg.Itisanhonourformetobeinvitedtotheparty.
Thebookissaidtohavebeentranslatedintomanylanguages.
Allthesegiftsmustbemailedimmediately_____intimeforChristmas.
A.inordertohavereceivedB.inordertoreceive
C.soastobereceivedD.soastobereceiving
动名词
1.动名词的句法功能:动名词由动词加ing构成,与现在分词的形式相同。动名词主要起名词作用,在句中担任主语、表语、宾语和定语。
①作主语,可以直接放在句首,也可以用先行代词it作为形式主语,而把动名词后置。
eg.Seeingisbelieving.(眼见为实)
Sayingiseasierthandoing.
Collectingstampsisagoodhobby.(单个动名词短语作主语时,动词用单数)
动名词作主语还有以下两个习惯表答法:
Itisnouse(good)+动名词:做某事没有用
Eg.It’snousecryingoverspiltmilk.(覆水难收)
Thereisno+动名词(=Itisimpossibletodosth.)
Eg.Thereisnoknowingwhatmayhappen.(未来的事无法知道)
②作表语:通常是说明主语的内容,注意它与谓语动词进行时的区别
eg.Hishobbyiscollectingstamps.(此句为SVC结构)可改为:Collectingstampsishishobby.
Cf.Heiscollectingstamps.(iscollecting是谓语动词进行时,此句为SVO结构)
不能改为:Collectingstampsishe.
③作宾语
A.作及物动词的宾语(enjoy,mind,finish,appreciate,avoid,consider,delay,escape,pratise,suggest,keep(on),miss)
eg.Hegotwell-preparedforthejobinterview,forhecouldn’trisk_____thegoodopportunity.
A.toloseB.losingC.tobelostD.beinglost
答案为B
有些动词(attempt,begin,continue,hate,like,love)后面既可以接不定式作宾语,也可以接动名词作宾语,意义差别不大。通常认为用动名词泛指一般的倾向性,用不定式则表示特定或具体某一种动作。
Eg.IlikeswimmingbutIdon’tliketoswiminwinter.
动词prefer后面接不定式作宾语时,句子结构与按动名词作宾语是不一样。
eg.Iprefertodriveratherthantobedriven.
Ipreferdrivingtoriding.
有些动词,如forget,remember,regret等,后面接动名词表示的动作先于谓语动词动作,不定式表示的动作后于谓语动词。
Eg.Whenaskedbypolice,hesaidthatheremembered_____atheparty,butnot______.
A.toarrive,leavingB.toarrive,toleaveC.arriving,leavingD.arriving,toleave
在下列句型中动名词作真正宾语:
动词+it(形式宾语)+宾补+动名词(真正宾语)
eg.Ithinkitnousetellingthem.
Wethinkitnogoodinvitingtohim.
B.作介词的宾语
Eg.Thepresidentspokeatthebusinessmeetingfornearlyanhour______hisnotes.
A.bringingupB.referringtoC.lookingforD.tryingon
beusedtodoing习惯于做;lookforwardtodoing盼望做;devoteone’slifetodoing致力于做;spenttime(in)doing花时间做;befondofdoing喜爱做;begoodatdoing擅长做;beproudofdoing为做…而自豪;betiredofdoing对做…感到厌倦;feellikedoing欲想做;goondoing继续做(原来的事);keepondoing不停地做;whataboutdoing做…怎么样;thinkofdoing考虑做;beinterestedindoing对做…感兴趣;havesomedifficulty/trouble(in)doing做某事有困难;bebusy(in)doing忙于做;insteadofdoing做…而不做…
eg.EverybodyinthevillagelikesJackbecauseheisgoodattellingand______jokes.
A.turningupB.puttingupC.makingupD.showingup
答案为C
④作定语
动名词可作前置定语,表示所修饰的词的用途或目的,可用for改写;而现在分词作定语时,可用定语从句改写。
swimmingpoolwaitingroomwalkingstick
asleepingcar=acarforsleepingasleepingchild=achildwhoissleeping
⑤作同位语
eg.That’sthequeen’sfull-timejob,layingeggs.这就是蚁后的专职工作——产卵。
2.动名词的逻辑主语
①人称代词做逻辑主语时应用所有格,即形容词性物主代词。
Eg.Doyoumindingmysmokinghere?
②逻辑主语是不定代词或指示代词时,很少用所有格,而用普通格。
Eg.Hewasawakenedbysomeoneknockingthedoor.
There’snoneedforthatbeingdone.
③逻辑主语是名词时,用所有格,但是如果名词为无生命物体时,则用普通格。
Eg.Mary’slaughingmadeTomangry.
Thereisnohopingofthefactorymakingprofit.
④在口语中,动名词如果不在句首,可以用名词普通格或人称代词宾格作逻辑主语。
Eg.Ireallycan’tunderstand_____herlikethat.
A.youtreatB.youtotreatC.whytreatD.youtreating
3.动名词的完成式、一般式被动和完成式被动。
Eg.Afterhavingfinishhiswork,hewenthome.
Heattendedthemeetingwithoutbeingasked.
Shenevertoldmeaboutherhavingbeeninterviewedbythepolice.
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