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【人教新课标】高考一轮复习黄金学案――Unit 3 Computers(必修二)

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高考一轮复习黄金学案――Unit3Computers(必修二)语言要点单元要点预览(旨在让同学整体了解本单元要点)

词汇

部分

词语

辨析

1.personal/private/individual2.afterall/aboveall/atall/inall3.type/kind/sort4.dealwith/dowith(未调顺序)

词形

变化(未调顺序)

1.explorevt.探测;探险explorationn.勘探;探测;探险exploratoryadj.勘探的;探测的;探索的2.universen.宇宙;世界universaladj.全体的;共同的;普遍的;宇宙的3.appearv.出现;显现;呈现appearancen.出现;显现;呈现外表;外貌;外观

重点

单词

1.sumn.金额;款项;总数;总和2.advantagen.优点;优势;有利条件3.goaln.球门;进球得的分;目标4.signaln.信号,手势,声音,暗号v.发信号;用信号传达;用信号与……通讯5.arisevi.(arose,arisen)出现;发生

重点

词组

1.incommon共同的;共有的;共用的2.ina/oneway在某种程度上,从某种意义上说3.watchover看守;监视;照看4.makeup化妆;化装;捏造,虚构(故事,诗等)

重点句子

1.Bythe1940s工hadgrownaslargeasaroom,andIwonderedifIwouldgrowlarger!2.However,thisrealityalsoworriedmydesigners

重点语法

现在完成时的被动语态(见语法部分)Ⅰ词语辨析(旨在提供完形填空所需材料)1.personal/private/individualpersonal指属于或关于某人或某些特定的人,以区别于其他人。private指属于私人所有或具有私营性质,以区别于集体或公共的,有时含不公开的意味。individual与集体的相对,指个别或个体的。用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空1).Willyoudoitformeasa________favour?2).Ifyougotoa_________hospital,youmustpay.3).Wetraveledtogether,buteach_________boughthisownticket.Keys:1).personal2).private3).individual2.afterall/aboveall/atall/inallafterall意为“毕竟”“尽管”“到底”“究竟”;aboveall意为“最重要的是”“尤其是”;atall一般用在否定句中,用以加强否定语气。atall用在疑问句、条件句中,起强调作用,意为“真的”“确实”“竟然”等。另外,notatall用来表示“不用谢”;inall表示“总共”“总计”。用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空1).Soyousee,Iwasright________.2).________,hewantedtosucceed.3).Itwilldoyounoharm___________.4).Wevisited,_______,20universitiesinthe!--?xml:namespaceprefix=st1ns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags"/--US.Keys:1).afterall2).Aboveall3).atall4).inall3.type/kind/sort1)kind系普通用语,其含义较模糊,它所指的种类可用任何标准区分,但着重以事物的自然属性和内在性质为标准来区分。2)type常和换用kind,但在表示动植物的种类,以及牌类游戏时,不能用type代替3)sort也为普通用语,比kind更口语化,其概念同kind一样很不严密,两者常可互换,但sort常掺杂说话人的主观色彩,带有轻蔑与贬低的含义。如:
Wetalkedofallsortsofsubjects.我们谈了各种话题。
Thesesortsofpeoplearereadytoeatanywhere.这种人总是走到哪里吃到哪里。用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空1).He’squiteapleasant________,really.2).All________ofdifficultieshavetobeovercome.3).I’llneverdothis_________ofthing.4)Therearedifferent________ofanimalsinShanghaiWildAnimalPark.Keys:1).type2).kinds3).sort4)kinds4.dealwith/dowithdealwith和dowith二者可译为“处理”,但在特殊疑问句中,dowith与what配合使用,而dealwith与how配合使用。用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空1).Howwouldyou_________anarmedburglar?2).Whathaveyou__________myumbrella?Keys:1).dealwith2).donewithⅡ词性变化(旨在提供语法填空所需材料)1.explorevt.探测;探险explorationn.勘探;探测;探险exploratoryadj.勘探的;探测的;探索的2.universen.宇宙;世界universaladj.全体的;共同的;普遍的;宇宙的3.appearv.出现;显现;呈现appearancen.出现;显现;呈现外表;外貌;外观用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空1)We’lltakeavoyageof_________.(explore)2)ColumbusdiscoveredAmericabutdidnot________thenewcontinent.(explore)3)They’remaking___________medicaltests.(explore)4)Televisionprovides_________entertainment.(universe)5)Therearelotsofstarsinthe________.(universe)6)Dontjudgeby__________canbemisleading.(appear)7)Hepromisedtobehereatfouroclockbutdidnt_________untilsix.(appear)Keys:1)exploration2)explore3)exploratory4)universal5)universe6)appearances7)appearⅢ重点词汇(旨在提供综合运用所需材料)1.sumn.金额;款项;总数;总和[典例]1).Hewasfinedthesumof200.他被处以200英镑罚金。2).Thesumof5and3is8.5加3的和是8。[重点用法]insum简言之;总而言之sumsb/sthup形成对某人[某事物]的看法[练习]中译英1).总之,计划告吹了。_____________________________________________________________________________________2).我认为她是个很能干的经理。_____________________________________________________________________________________Keys:1).Insum,theplanfailed.2).Isummedherupasacompetentmanager.

2.advantagen.优点;优势;有利条件[典例]1).Hehastheadvantageofasteadyjob.他有工作稳定的有利条件。2).Theytookfulladvantageofthehotelsfacilities.他们充分利用旅馆的设备。[重点用法]takeadvantageof对……加以利用;欺骗tosb.’sadvantage对某人有利have/get/winanadvantageover(of)胜过;优于[练习]中译英1).协议对我们有利。_____________________________________________________________________________________2).她利用了我的慷慨。_____________________________________________________________________________________Keys:1).Theagreementis/workstoouradvantage.2).Shetookadvantageofmygenerosity.3.goaln.球门;进球得的分;目标[典例]1).Heheadedtheballintoanopengoal.他乘虚把球顶入球门2).Wewonbythreegoalstoone以三比一获胜。3).You’dbettersetagoalbeforeyoustart.开始前最好设定一个目标。[重点用法]score/kickagoal得[踢进一球得]一分keepgoal守球门lifegoal/one’sgoalinlife生活目标achieve/realizeone’sgoal实现目标[练习]中译英1).他已经实现了他的目标。_____________________________________________________________________________________2).我的人生目标是帮助他人。_____________________________________________________________________________________Keys:1).Hehasachievedhisgoal.2).Mygoalinlifeistohelpothers.4.signaln.信号,手势,声音,暗号v.发信号;用信号传达;用信号与……通讯[典例]1).Aredlightisusuallyasignalfor/ofdanger.红灯通常是危险的信号。2).Hesignaled(to)thewaitertobringthemenu.他示意要服务员把菜单拿来。[重点用法]signaltosb/sthforsth用信号传达(某信息);用信号与(某人)通讯signalwith…用……发信号[练习]中译英1).铁路红灯亮了,所以火车停下了。_____________________________________________________________________________________2).他用红旗发信号。_____________________________________________________________________________________Keys:1).Therailwaysignalwasonred,sothetrainstopped.2).Hewassignalingwitharedflag.5.arisevi.(arose,arisen)出现;发生[典例]1).Anewdifficultyhasarisen.出现了新的困难。2).Accidentsarisefromcarelessness.疏忽大意往往会引起事故的发生。[重点用法]arisefrom/outof由……引起;由……产生[练习]中译英1).夜间起风暴了。_____________________________________________________________________________________2).由于缺乏交流而产生了问题。_____________________________________________________________________________________Keys:1).Astormaroseduringthenight.2).ProblemshavearisenoutofthelackofcommunicationⅣ重点词组(旨在提供综合运用所需材料)1.incommon共同的;共有的;共用的[典例]IhavenothingincommonwithJane.我和简毫无共同之处。[短语归纳]havenothingincommon无共同之处havelittleincommon几乎无共同之处havesomethingincommon有一些共同之处havealotincommon有许多共同之处[练习]中译英1).这个词常用吗?_____________________________________________________________________________________2).她已和许多人一起申请参加训练。_____________________________________________________________________________________Keys:1).Isthiswordincommonuse?2).Incommonwithmanyothers,sheappliedforatrainingplace.2.ina/oneway在某种程度上,从某种意义上说[典例]1).Inaway,hisEnglishhasimproved.从某种程度上来说,他的英语有进步。2).Shesbeenthroughabadpatchrecently.她最近经历了一段困难时期。[短语归纳]intheway造成阻碍onthe/one’sway(to)在(去…)的路上bytheway顺便提一下innoway决不alltheway自始自终;完全地inthisway用这种方法与inaway同义的词组有inoneway和insomeways。[练习]中译英1).从某种程度上说,我很喜欢这本新教材。_____________________________________________________________________________________2).看来你的自行车挡着道了。_____________________________________________________________________________________Keys:1).Inaway,Ilikethisnewtextbookverymuch.2).I’mafraidyourbikeisintheway.3.watchover看守;监视;照看[典例]1).Couldyouwatch(over)myclotheswhileIhaveaswim?我游泳时你看着我的衣物行吗?2).HefeltthatGodwaswatchingoverhim.他感觉到上帝保佑着他.[短语归纳]watchout(for)当心;注意watchforsb./sth.观察等待keepawatchon监视undertheclosewatch在严密的监视下[练习]中译英1).他们等待着进一步的发展。_____________________________________________________________________________________2).小心!汽车来了。_____________________________________________________________________________________Keys:1).Theyarewatchingforfurtherdevelopments.2).Watchout!Theresacarcoming.4.makeup化妆;化装;捏造,虚构(故事,诗等)[典例]1).Shespentanhourmaking(herself)upbeforetheparty.她在聚会前化妆用了一个小时。2).Stopmakingthingsup!不要胡编了![短语归纳]makeupfor补偿bemadeupof=consistof由……组成makefor有利于……,有助于……;走向;冲向makeit及时赶到,办成功makeitup和解;讲和makeknown使知晓;传达makeout理解;懂得;辨认出[练习]中译英1).社会是由能力迥异的人组成的。2).她总是浓妆艳抹的。Keys;1).Societyismadeupofpeopleofwidelydifferingabilities.2).Shesalwaysveryheavilymadeup.Ⅴ重点句子(旨在提供句子结构等所需材料)1.Bythe1940s工hadgrownaslargeasaroom,andIwonderedifIwouldgrowanylarger!到20世纪40年代,我已经长到一个大房间那么大,我不知道我会不会继续长大。[解释]1).aslargeas...“有……大”,后面常加数词.例如:Thisplaygroundisaslargeas500squaremeters.这个操场有500平方米那么大。2).Iwonderedif..“我不知道(奇怪)是否……”,是一个常见句式,常用于口语,表示一种委婉或客气的语气。例如:Iwonderedifyouwouldmindgivingmeahand.[练习]中译英1).我也不知道他们能不能准时到。_____________________________________________________________________________________2).那个男子的体重比他重一倍。_____________________________________________________________________________________Keys:1).Iwonderwhethertheywillarriveontime.2).Thatmanistwiceasheavyashim.2.However,thisrealityalsoworriedmydesigners.可是这个现实也困扰着我的设计者们。[解释]howeveradv.尽管;尽管如此,可是;仍然。表示转折;可放在句首、句中或句尾,但用逗号隔开。例如:Imeanttogoabroadlastyear.However,Ichangedmymindlater.我本打算去年出国,但是后来改变了主意。[练习]中译英1).她仍然在等,尽管没有任何回音。_____________________________________________________________________________________2).他说事情就是那样,不过他错了。_____________________________________________________________________________________Keys:1).Shewaited,however,fornoanswer.2).Hesaiditwasso,hewasmistaken,however.课文要点1课文词汇等填空(旨在复习本课文中的单词拼写和主要词语等)根据课文内容完成下面语法填空,注意单词拼写和词语用法:OvertimeIhavebeenchangedalot.Icould1(简化)difficultsumswhenIbegan2acalculatingmachine.AfterIwasprogrammedbyanoperator,Icould3(logic)produceananswerquickerthananyperson.Atthattimeit4(consider)a5(技术的)revolution.In1936,Icouldsolvedifficultproblemsasa6(universe)machine.Fromthenon,mymemoryhasdevelopedsomuch7Ineverforget8Ihavebeentold.Sincethe1970s,manynewapplicationshavebeenfoundforme.Forexample,IhavebeensenttoexploretheMoon.9,mygoalis10(provide)humanswithalifeofhighquality.答案:1.simplify2.as3.logically4.wasconsidered5.technological6.universal7.that8.anything9.Anyhow10.toprovide2课文大意概括(旨在训练用30个单词概括大意的能力)阅读课文,试着用30个单词概括课文大意,再比较答案电脑作为课文的叙述者讲述了它从一部计算器发展成为电脑和手提电脑以及它在各个领域的运用。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案:Thenarrator,acomputer,tellsusaboutitsdevelopmentfromacalculatingmachinetoaPCandalaptopandhowitisusedindifferentfields.3课文佳句背诵与仿写(旨在培养对难句的理解和运用能力)1.Astimewentby,Iwasmadesmaller.FirstasaPC(personalcomputer)andthenasalaptop,Ihavebeenusedinofficesandhomessincethe1970s.随着时间的推移,我被弄得越来越小。自二十世纪七十年代以来,我一直被用在办公室和家庭里,先是用作个人电脑,后来又做成便携式。[模仿要点]句子结构:first…+then…+later….毕业以后,他先是做一名工人,接着做了一个商店的经理后来做了一个工厂的老板。_______________________________________________________________________________答案:Aftergraduation,hefirstworkedasaworker,thenasamanagerofastoreandlaterasabossofafactory.从那时开始,他先在一家车厂工作,然后在一家钢厂任工程师,当其时那是一家最大的钢厂,后来又到了一家生产电脑的公司任总裁。_______________________________________________________________________________答案:Fromthenon,hefirstworkedinacarfactory,thenasanengineerinasteelfactory,whichwasthebiggestoneatthattimeandlateraspresidentofacompanyproducingcomputers.2.Ihavealsobeenputintorobotsandusedtomakemobilephonesaswellashelpwithmedicaloperations.我还被放在机器人里面,被用来制作移动手机,并且用来帮助作医疗手术。[模仿要点]句子结构:aswellas通过上网,人们可以获得知识和乐趣。_______________________________________________________________________________答案:Peoplecangetalotoffunaswellasusefulknowledgethroughthenet随着经济的快速发展,越来越多的家长能够负担得起培训课,从中他们的孩子既可以获得一些技能也可以丰富他们的生活。______________________________________________________________________________答案:Withtherapiddevelopmentofeconomy,moreandmoreparentsareabletoaffordtrainingclasses,inwhichtheirchildrencanacquiresomeskillsaswellasenrichtheirlife.单元自测1完形填空阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从21—30各题所给的A、B、C和D项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。字数:215完成时间:15分钟难度:***Imadeapromisetomyselfonthewaydowntothevacationbeachcottage.FortwoweeksIwouldtrytobealovinghusbandandfather.Totally21.TheideahadcometomeasIlistenedtoacommentator(解说员)onmycarstapeplayer.Hewas22apassageabouthusbandsbeing23oftheirwives.Thenhewentontosay,"Loveisanactofwill.Apersoncan24tolove."Tomyself,IhadtoadmitthatIhadbeendulledbymyowninsensitivity(感觉迟钝).SoIwouldliketo25.Anditdid.RightfromthemomentIkissedKatherineatthedoorandsaid,"Thatnewyellowsweaterlooks26onyou.""Oh,Tom,younoticed."Shesaid,surprisedand27.Afterthelongdrive,Iwantedtositandread.Katherinesuggestedawalkonthebeach.Istartedtorefuse,butthenIthought,"Katherinesbeen28herewiththechildrentheyearround."Wewalkedonthebeachwhilethechildrenflewtheirkites.WevisitedtheshellmuseumthoughIusuallyhatemuseums.Relaxedandhappy,thatshowthewhole29passed.Imadeanewpromisetokeepon30tochoosetolove.21.A.lovedB.lovelyC.lovableD.loving22.A.thinkingB.writingC.readingD.believing23.A.helpfulB.usefulC.thoughtfulD.hopeful24.A.wantB.chooseC.rememberD.ask25.A.happenB.changeC.develop.D.forbid26.A.greatB.bigC.smallD.old27.A.frightenedB.anxiousC.pleasedD.disappointed28.A.asleepB.aloneC.aliveD.awake29.A.morningB.yearC.festivalD.vacation30.A.remindingB.requiringC.repayingD.remembering答案:21.D。重复前面的loving,表示强调。22.C。分析文章语境可知:在汽车里的磁带播放机中解说员在读一篇文章。23.C。根据下文来看,应是:关心,体贴(thoughtful)才对。24.B。上一句讲到爱是出于自愿的行为,那么就应choosetolove了。文章最后一句也有呼应。25.B。由文章可知,作者决心在海滨度假的这两个星期内,这一切都要改变。26.A。吹捧人常用great一词。27.C。由前文“Oh,Tom,younoticed.”Shesaid,surprised...可知,妻子听了之后“又惊又喜”。28.B。由文章第一句及全文可知,妻子经常和孩子们待在一起。29.D。文章开头提到的vacation。30.D。结合文章开头Imadeapromise...可知,此时作者许诺会永远记住choosetolove的。2语法填空阅读下面短文,按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求,在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空,并将答案填写在答题卡标号为31-40的相应位置上。字数:179完成时间:9分钟难度:**WhenIwasinmyfirstyearofcollege,Ifelthopeless,lonelyandverydepressed.31onesuchday,Iwaswalkingfromclassacrosscampustocatchmybushome,headdown,fightingtearsofdespair,when32oldmancamealongthesidewalktowardme.Ihadneverseenhimbefore.Embarrassedat33(see)insuchanemotionalmess,Iturnedmyheadawayandtriedtohurrypast.Ithoughthewouldwalkonby,buthemoved34hewasdirectlyinfrontofme,waited,andthensmiled.35(look)intomyeyes,thisstrangerspokeinaquietvoice,"36iswrongwillpass.YouregoingtobeOK.Justhangon."Icannotexplaintheimpactofthatmoment.HegavemeonethingIhadlost37(complete):hope.Ilookedforhimoncampus38thankhim,butneversaw39again.Thatwasthirtyyearsago.Ihaveneverforgottenthatmoment,40taughtmetogivehopetootherswhereverIseethemindistress.答案:在“我”上大学一年级的时候,“我”觉得生活是没有希望的,“我”感到孤单,抑郁。有一天,当“我”又一次沉浸在自己的痛苦中,一位老年人走到“我”的面前告诉“我”一切都会过去的,生活会好起来的,只要“我”坚持住,不放弃。“我”深受触动,终于走出了生活的阴影。“我”试图感谢他,但是再也没有看到他。在此后的三十年间,“我”一直都没有忘记那一刻,从那时起当“我”看到人们处于痛苦中,“我”也会帮助他们看到希望。31.On。前面有修饰词such,表明这是特定的一天,所以用on。32.an。old是以元音开始的,所以用an。33.beingseen。at介词后动词用-ing形式,此处I和see之间构成逻辑上的被动关系,故用seeing的被动形式beingseen。34.until/till。他一直走到“我”的面前来。until/till“直到……”35.Looking。thisstranger是动词lookinto的发生者,所以这里用lookinginto表示逻辑的主动关系。36.Whatever。Whatever引导主语从句,表示“无论什么不对的事情都会过去的”。37.completely。completely副词修饰动词lost。38.to。“我”在校园找他的目的是为了感谢他,此处是不定式作目的状语。39.him。承接上句,“我”满校园找他,但是从此以后都没有见过他。him作宾语。40.which。定语从句,先行词是thatmoment并且在后面的部分作主语,而且此处是非限制性定语从句,关系代词只能用which。3阅读理解阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。词数:376完成时间:7分钟难度:***Womenshouldnotdrinkanyalcoholduringpregnancy.AreportreleasedbyNICEsays.Itsaysiftheymustdrink,theyshouldnotdosointhefirstthreemonthsandshouldlimittooneortwoouncesonceortwiceaweekafterwards.Itreplacespreviousguidanceofsayingsmalldailyamountswerefine.NICEdecidedtotightenitsguidancepartlybecauseoftheconcernthatpeoplearenowdrinkingmorethaninthepast.Previousdraftguidancesuggestedwomenshoulddrinkanounceofalcoholadayoncetheywerepastthefirstthreemonthsofpregnancy.TheDepartmentofHealthinEnglandchangeditsguidancelastyear,callingfornodrinkingwhilepregnantorwhiletryingtogetpregnant.Drinkingheavilyinpregnancycancausefetalalcoholsyndrome(胎儿酒精综合症),whichcanleavechildrenwithfeatureslikesmallheads,widelyspacedeyesandbehaviororlearningproblems,Theexpertssaidtherewasnoevidencethatseveralouncesonceortwiceaweekwoulddoanyharmtothebabybutcouldnotcategoricallyruleout(排除)anyrisk.NationalChildbirthTrustagreedwomenshouldlimittheirdrinkingduringpregnancy."Pregnantwomenwhohavehadafewdrinksoftenworryagreatdealaboutwhethertheyhaveharmedtheirbaby.Ingeneral,itisbelievedthatifalightinfrequentdrinker,ingoodhealth,drinkstothepointofdrunkennessononeoccasion,therisktoherbabyissmall."NICEalsomadeanumberofotherrecommendationsforthecareofwomenintheUKwhowerepregnantorplanningtogetpregnant.ItsaidvitaminDandfolicacid(叶酸)supplementsshouldbeofferedbyhealthstafftohelpavoidconditionssuchasrickets(软骨病)andspinabifida(脊椎裂).Officialsalsocalledforlocalhealthofficialstoensureequalsupportplanswheremothersencouragenewparentstobreastfeedaresetup.NICEalsocalledforimprovementsinthecareofpregnantwomenwithdiabetes.About20;000pregnancieseachyearareaffectedbydiabetesand,therefore,carry,higherriskofmiscarriage(流产)andstillbirth.Theguidancesaidwomenshouldgetaccesstoadviceandsupport,inparticulartoachievegoodbloodsugarcontrolbeforetheygetpregnant.41.WhatistheadvicemadebytheDepartmentofHealthondrinkingalcoholduringpregnancy?A.Littleinthefirstthreemonthsandagradualincreaseafterwards.B.Anounceadayafterthefirstthreemonths.C.Nodrinkingforpregnantwomen.D.Thosewhodrinkregularlyneednotworryabouttheharmtotheirbabies.42.Whatsthemeaningoftheunderlinedword"categoricallyinParagraph3?A.Honestly.B.Absolutely.C.Physically.D.Doubtfully.43.Accordingtothepassage,miscarriageiscausedmostprobablyby__________.A.thelackofvitaminDandfolicacidB.ricketsandspinabifidaC.thelackofdoctorsadviceandsupportD.diabetescardedbypregnantwomen44.NationalChildbirthTrustfoundthat__________.A.apregnantwomandrinkingalcoholinfrequentlyhaslittlerisktoherbabyB.pregnantwomenwhodrinkalittleoccasionallyarealwaysafraidoftheeffectsC.thereisnoevidencethatapregnantwomandrinkingalcoholmightharmherbabyD.gettingdrunkoncewon’tharmthebaby45.Inthispassage,theauthormainlyintendsto___________.A.showNICEsnewguidanceonpregnantwomensalcoholdrinkinganditsadviceforthecareofpregnantwomenB.warnpregnantwomenagainstanyalcoholduringpregnancyC.showthepresentsituationofpregnantwomensdrinkinglimitD.callformorecareforpregnantwomeninsociety答案:NICE建议孕期女士不要饮酒。文中涉及到了英国不同健康机构以及英国政府对孕妇饮酒事宜的不同规定,但是同时指出了孕妇饮酒会对胎儿有不良的影响,从而呼吁孕妇限制饮酒甚至不要饮酒。同时,NICE还对怀孕和准备怀孕的女士保健工作提出了一些其他的建议,提倡社会各方面来关注孕妇的健康。41.C。事实细节题。题干考查theDepartmentofHealth关于孕妇喝酒的建议,文中第二段说到“TheDepartmentofHealthinEnglandchangeditsguidancelastyear,callingfornodrinkingwhilepregnantorwhiletryingtogetpregnant.”可以看出,该机构现在呼吁孕妇在怀孕期间不要喝酒,因此C项正确。42.B。词义猜测题。根据词汇所在的句子“Theexpertssaidtherewasnoevidencethatseveralouncesonceortwiceaweekwoulddoanyharmtothebabybutcouldnotcategoricallyruleoutanyrisk.”的句意:专家认为没有证据表明一周内喝一次或两次几盎司的就会对胎儿造成伤害,但是不能(categorically)排除任何危险。根据下段的最后一句therisktoherbabyissmall可知少量的饮酒对胎儿会造成比较微小的伤害,所以categorically在这里意为“完全地”,也就是说,专家认为没有证据表明一周内喝一次或两次几盎司的就会对胎儿造成伤害,但是不能完全排除危险。43.D。事实细节题。根据文章第五段的“About20,000pregnancieseachyearareaffectedbydiabetesand,therefore,carryhigherriskofmiscarriageandstillbirth.”可以看出,患有糖尿病的孕妇有着很高的流产风险,所以应该选D。44.B。推理判断题。文中的第四段是NationalChildbirthTrust的发现,根据“...agreedwomenshouldlimittheirdrinkingduringpregnancy.‘Pregnantwomenwhohavehadafewdrinksoftenworryagreatdealaboutwhethertheyhaveharmedtheirbaby.’”可以看出,即使喝酒不多的孕妇也会很担心喝酒会对胎儿不利,所以B正确。A项是不完整的,文中说“Ingeneral,itisbelievedthatifalight,infrequentdrinker,ingoodhealth,drinkstothepointofdrunkennessononeoccasion,therisktoherbabyissmall.”可知对胎儿造成比较微小的危险的怀孕妇女有以下特征:light,infrequentdrinker,ingoodhealth,ononeoccasion,而此选项只是断章取义,所以错误,同理,D项也由此判断为错误选项。45.A。作者意图猜测题。作者刚开始介绍了NICE关于孕妇饮酒的新的规定,然后第五段NICE提出了一些关爱英国怀孕妇女的建议,所以应该选A。4基础写作[写作内容]假如你的美国朋友John想了解有关在广州召开的第16届亚运会的一些情况,现在让你给他写一封信介绍第16届广州亚运会会徽及意义,信件内容应包含以下内容:1.太阳,意味着亚运会充满活力;2.五羊标志,代表广州及其人民的美好愿望:3.四条跑道和五羊结合成燃烧的火炬,象征燃烧着的亚运会圣火:4.会徽里的文字表示第16届亚运会举办的地点和时间。[写作要求]1.只能使用5个句子表达全部的内容。2.信的开头已给出不算词数。3.文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。[评分标准]句子结构准确,信息内容完整,篇章结构连贯。[写作向导]1.时态:介绍第16届广州亚运会会徽及意义,应该用一般现在时为主要时态。2.可用词汇与句型:sacredflame圣火,theEmblemofthel6thAsianGames第16届广州亚运会会徽,theFiveGoats五羊标志,Track跑道,dynamic,adj充满活力的.dynamismn,充满活力,combinationn.结合。DearJohn,Howareyou?IamwritingtotellyousomethingabouttheEmblemofthe16thAsianGames.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________[答案]DearJohn,Howareyou?IamwritingtotellyousomethingabouttheEmblemofthe16thAsianGames.TheEmblemofthe16thAsianGamesconsistsofsixparts,eachofwhichhasitsownspecialmeaning.ThesunmeansthedynamicAsianGames.Asweallknow,theFiveGoatsrepresentsaperfectsymbolofGuangzhouandthebestwishesofitspeople.Inaddition,combinationoftheFiveGoatsandthefourtracksisliketheshapeofatorch,whichstandsfortheever-burningsacredflameoftheAsianGames.Whatsmore,theEnglishwordsintheemblemshowthatthe16thAsianGameswillbehostedinGuangzhouin.Yours,LiHua

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【人教新课标】高考一轮复习黄金学案――Unit3AtasteofEnglishhumour(必修四)


俗话说,磨刀不误砍柴工。教师在教学前就要准备好教案,做好充分的准备。教案可以让学生能够在课堂积极的参与互动,帮助教师能够井然有序的进行教学。您知道教案应该要怎么下笔吗?下面是小编精心收集整理,为您带来的《【人教新课标】高考一轮复习黄金学案――Unit3AtasteofEnglishhumour(必修四)》,大家不妨来参考。希望您能喜欢!

高考一轮复习黄金学案――Unit3AtasteofEnglishhumour(必修四)

一、语言要点

I单元要点预览(旨在让同学整体了解本单元要点)

词汇

部分

词语

辨析

1.especially/specially/particularly2.common/usual/ordinary

3.convince/persuade

词形

变化

1.humourn.幽默,诙谐

humorousadj.幽默的,诙谐的2.fortunen.(大量)财产,

大笔的钱;运气,命运

fortunateadj.幸运的,侥幸的

fortunatelyadv.幸运地,幸亏

3.borevt.使厌烦;n.令人

讨厌的人(或事)

boredadj.感到无趣的或单调的

boringadj.令人厌烦的,乏味的

4.mouthn.嘴,口

mouthfuln.一口;少量5.directadj.直接的;坦率的adv.直接地vt.对准;指导

directionn.方向[pl.]说明书;指引;指导

directorn.指导者,主管;董事;导演

6.explainv.讲解,解释

explanationn.解释,说明,阐述重点

单词

1.contentvt.(使)满足;满意n.[u]满足;内容;目录;adj.感到满足的

2.astonishvt.使吃惊

3.entertainvt.使欢乐;款待

4.convincevt.使信服;使确信

5.directvt.vi.导演,指示,指挥adj.直的,直接的,直率的adv.径直地

6.whisperv.n.耳语;私语;密谈

重点

词组

1.badlyoff过得很差;穷的;缺少的[做表语或定语]

2.pickout挑出;辨别出

3.cutoff切断(供应等);断绝(联系等)

4.starin在……主演;担任主角

重点句子

1.NotthatCharlie’sownlifewaseasy!

2.YoumayfinditastonishingthatCharliewastaughttosingassoonashecouldspeakanddanceassoonashecouldwalk.

重点语法

V-ing的基本用法(见语法部分)

II词语辨析(旨在提供完形填空所需材料)

1.specially/especially/particularly

specially=onpurpose故意地;专门地(不是为了别的,而只是为了某一目的而专门采用

的某种方式。如:Icameherespeciallytoseeyou.我特地到这儿来看你。

especially=particularly=inparticular=inespecial特别地;尤其是;特别是,通常用来对

前面所叙述的事情作进一步说明或补充,是有意突出到显眼或例外的程度,强调“超过其

他,与众不同”,在介词或连词前用得较多。如:IlikeHarbin,especiallyinsummer.我喜

爱哈尔滨,尤其是哈尔滨的夏天。

用specially,especially,particularly填空。

1).Ilikemyhometown,_______inspring.

2).Theseshoeswere_______madeforyou.

3).Acommitteehasbeen_______appointedtolookintothematter.

4).Wedidverywellinthisexam,_______ourmonitor.

Key:1).especially/particularly2).specially3).specially4).especially

2.common/usual/ordinary

common意为“普通的,平常的”,指常见的,常发生的,不足为奇的。

usual意为“通常的,习惯性的”,可用于一切频繁发生的事情。

ordinary意为“通常的,普通的,日常的,随时都可以碰到的”,与common意思接近。

用common,usual,ordinary填空。

1).Hearrivedlaterthan_______.

2).Rabbitsandfoxesare_______inBritain.

3).TomSawyerwasa/an_______Americanboywhokeptgettingintotrouble.

4).Our_______workdayiseighthours.

5).He’snotanofficer,buta/an________soldier.

Key:1).usual2).common3).ordinary 4).ordinary5).common/ordinary

3.convince/persuade

convince“说服”,着重理智方面的“辩论,证明”。

persuade“说服”,着重情感上的“劝告”或“说服某人做/不做某事”。

用convince,persuade填空。

1).He_______methatIshouldstudylaw.

2).He_______menottostay.

3).Theofficialswereeagerto_______usofthesafetyofthenuclearreactors.

4).I_______(convince)Isawyouthere,butitmusthavebeensomeoneelse.

5).Howcanwepersuadehiminto_______(join)us?

Key:1).convinced 2).convinced/persuaded 3).convince4).wasconvinced5).joining

III词性变化(旨在提供语法填空所需材料)

1.humourn.幽默,诙谐

humorousadj.幽默的,诙谐的2.fortunen.(大量)财产,

大笔的钱;运气,命运

fortunateadj.幸运的,侥幸的

fortunatelyadv.幸运地,幸亏

3.borevt.使厌烦;n.令人

讨厌的人(或事)

boredadj.感到无趣的或单调的

boringadj.令人厌烦的,乏味的

4.mouthn.嘴,口

mouthfuln.一口;少量5.directadj.直接的;坦率

的adv.直接地vt.对准;指导

directionn.方向[pl.]说明书;指引;指导

directorn.指导者,主管;董事;导演

6.explainv.讲解,解释

explanationn.解释,说明,阐述用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空。

1).________(fortune),thedrowningchildwassaved.

2).Hegavea________(humor)accountoftheirtriptoSpainfirst.

3).Tomwentoffinone________(direct)andHarryinanother.

4).Henowfeltreadytotakeontheroleof________(direct).

5).Theearthquakeleftthousandsofpeople________(home).

6).I’mstuffed.Icouldn’teatanother________(mouth).

7).Notonlyaremothersnotpaidbutalsomostoftheir________(bore)ordifficultworkisunnoticed.

8).Thereisnoconvincing________(explain)oftheoverallstructureoftheuniverse.

Keys:1).Fortunately2).humorous3).direction4).director

5).homeless6).mouthful7).boring8).explanation

IV重点词汇(旨在提供综合运用所需材料)

1.contentvt.(使)满足;满意n.[u]满足;书的内容目录;容器里的东西adj.感到满足的

[典例]

1).Asthere’snocream,we’llhavetocontentourselveswithblackcoffee.既然没有奶油,我们只好喝清咖啡算了。

2).Heiscontenttoremainwhereheisnow.他安於现状。

[重点用法]

contentoneselfwithsth.满足或满意於某事物be/feelcontentwith对……感到满足

becontenttodosth.愿意做某事toone’sheart’scontent尽情地;心满意足地

[练习]根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的词或翻译。

1).Simplepraiseisenoughto______him.

2).IlikethestyleofthebookbutIdon’tlikethe______.

3).She_____________________(感到非常满足)stayathomelookingafterherchildren.

Keys:1).content2).content3).is/wascontentto2.astonishvt.使惊诧;使吃惊astonishingadj.令人惊讶的astonishedadj.感到惊讶的

[典例]

1).Thenewsastonishedeverybody.这个消息令大家惊讶。

2).Iwasastonishedat/toheartheloudsound.我被那些巨大的声响吓了一跳。

[重点用法]

beastonishedat/bysth.因/被……感到惊讶beastonishedtodosth.对做某事感到惊讶

Itastonishessb.that令某人惊讶的是beastonishedthat对感到惊讶

[练习]根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的词。

1).Itastonishedme______noonehasthoughtofthisbefore.

2).Wewere_______(astonish)thatheappearedattheparty.

3).Ifind_______quite_______(astonish)thatnoneofyouliketheplay.

Keys:1).that2).astonished3).it;astonishing3.entertainvt.使欢乐;款待entertainingadj.愉快的;有趣的entertainmentn.娱乐;款待

[典例]

1).BobandLizentertainedustodinnerlastnight.昨晚鲍勃和利兹设宴招待了我们。

2).Couldyouentertainthechildrenforanhour,whileImakesupper?我做晚饭时,你能哄孩子们玩一个小时吗?

[重点用法]

entertainsb.withsth./bydoingsth.用某物/通过做某事使某人欢乐

[练习]根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的词。

1).Heentertainedusforhours________(介词)hisstoriesandjokes.

2).Hefellinthewater,muchtothe_________(entertain)ofthechildren.

3).Wehiredamagiciantokeepthechildren_________(entertain).

Keys:1).with2).entertainment3).entertained

4.convincevt.使信服;使确信convincingadj.令人信服的

[典例]

1).Weconvincedhimtogobytrainratherthanplane.我们说服了他坐火车去,不要搭飞机去。

2).HowcanIconvinceyou(ofherhonesty)?我怎样才能使你相信(她很诚实)呢?

[重点用法]

convincesb.ofsth.使某人相信某事convincesb.todosth.说服某人做某事

convincesb.that使某人相信beconvincedof/that坚信……;确信……

[练习]根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的词。

1).Whatshesaid_______(convince)methatIwasmistaken.

2).Isoonconvincedhim______(介词)myinnocence.

3).Whatconvincedyou_______(vote)forthem?

4).I’m________(convince)thatheisguilty.

5).Thatwasthemost_______(convince)Ihadeverheard.

Keys:1).convinced2).of3).tovote4).convinced5).convincing5.directvt.vi.导演,指示,指挥adj.直的,直接的,直率的adv.径直地

[典例]

1).Canyoudirectme(tothestation)?你告诉我(到车站)怎麽走好吗?

2).Shehasadirectwayofspeaking.她说话直爽。

[重点用法]direct短语:

direct...at/towardssb./sth.把……指向某人/事directsb.toaplace指引某人到某处

directsb.todosth.指示/命令某人做某事

direct(that)sb./sth.(should)do/bedone指示/命令某人/事做/被做……

[练习]根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的词。

1).Hewasdirected_______(介词)atablebesidethewindow.

2).Thejudgedirectedthatthemother_______(give)custodyofthechildren.

3).Therewasapoliceofficer_______(direct)thetraffic.

Keys:1).to2).begiven3).directing6.whisperv.n.耳语;私语;密谈

[典例]

1).“Ifeelveryafraid,”shewhispered.“我觉得很害怕,”她低声说。

2).Hespokeinawhisper.他低声说话。

[重点用法]whisper短语:

whispersth.小声说某事whispertosb.小声对某人说

whispersth.tosb.小声对某人说某事whispertosb.that…小声对某人说……

whisperthat…小声说……Itiswhisperedthat…据说……

[练习]根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的词。

1).Hewhisperedaword_______(介词)myear.

2).Hewhispered_______(介词)hersothatnooneelsewouldhear.

3).It_______(whisper)thatthefirmislikelytogobankrupt.

Keys:1).in2).to3).iswhispered

V重点词组(旨在提供综合运用所需材料)

1.badlyoff过得很差;穷的;缺少的[做表语或定语]

[典例]

1).Theyaretoobadlyofftohaveaholiday.他们贫困得根本谈不上度假。

2).Weshouldn’tcomplainaboutbeingpoor---manyfamiliesaremuchworseoff.我们不应该因为穷而叫苦连天——许多人的家境更糟。

[重点用法]

反义词:welloff过得很富;富的;富有的[做表语或定语]

[练习]根据句子的意思翻译。

1).Intheolddayspeople__________________(过得很差).

2).Thoughheisalwayswearingoldclothes,heis________________________(并不如你想的那么穷)as

youthink.

3).Infactmostpeopleare_____________________(要富裕)theywerefiveyeasago.

Keys:1).werebadlyoff/wereverypoor2).notas/sobadlyoff3).betteroffthan2.pickout挑出;辨别出

[典例]

1).Hepickedouttheripestpeach.他把熟得最透的桃挑了出来。

2).Thewindowframesarepickedoutinblueagainstthewhitewalls.蓝色的窗框衬在白墙上十分显眼。

[重点用法]

pickoutsb./sth.from......从……中挑出/辨别出某人/物

pickup捡起;让某人搭车;继续;摔倒后站起来;便宜地买到;接收(节目);无意中学会

[练习]根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的短语。

1).She_____________________fromthousandsofapplicantsforthejob.

2).We’ll______________wherewefinishedyesterday.

3).Shesoon______________FrenchwhenshewenttoliveinFrance.

4).______________thosebooksthatyou’dliketoread.

Keys:1).waspickedout2).pickup3).pickedup4).Pickout3.cutoff切断(供应等);断绝(联系等)

[典例]

1).Ourwatersupplyhasbeencutoff.我们断水了。

2).Ifyoudon’tpayyourgasbillsoonyoumaybecutoff.你若不立即付清煤气费,就要停止向你供气。

[重点用法]cut短语:

cutdown砍倒;削减cutin插嘴cutup切碎

cutsthinhalf/two把某物切割成两半cutsthintohalves/thirds/quarters/把某物切割成两半/三瓣/四瓣

[练习]根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的cut短语或介词。

1).Thevillagewas________________fromtheoutsideworldbytheheavysnowfordays.

2).Shealways________________whenotherpeoplearetalking.

3).Iwon’thaveacigarette,thanks---I’mtryingto________________onthem.

4).Hewasasking400forthecar,butwecuthimdown________(介词)£350.

5).She________________thevegetablesandthenputthemintothehotpot.

Keys:1).cutoff2).cutsin3).cutdown4).to5).cutup4.starin在……主演;担任主角

[典例]

Sheistostarinanewfilm.她将主演一部新影片。

[重点用法]star短语:

starsb(insth.)使某人担任主角;由某人主演

[练习]根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的短语或介词。

1).BenKingsley________________thefilm“Gandhi”.

2).ThedirectorwantedtostarMichaelCaine________(介词)hisnewfilm.

Keys:1).starredin2).in

VI重点句子(旨在提供句子结构等所需材料)

1.NotthatCharlie’sownlifewaseasy!倒不是说查理自己的生活是轻松的。

[解释]notthat“并非,倒不是说”,用于句首或短语之前,表否定含义。如:

Whowereyouwithlastnight?NotthatIcare,ofcourse.你昨晚和谁在一起?当然我不计较。

[练习]根据句子的意思翻译。

1).Katehadlostsomeweight---________________________(我倒不关心).

2).________________________(我并不是说这个很要紧),buthowdidyouspendthemoneyIgaveyou?

Keys:1).notthatIcare2).Notthatitmatters2.YoumayfinditastonishingthatCharliewastaughttosingassoonashecouldspeakanddanceassoonas

hecouldwalk.你会觉得震惊,卓别林会讲话的时候就被教唱歌,会走路的时候就学跳舞。

[解释]此句中it作形式宾语,that从句是真正的主语;astonishing是动词-ing形式作宾语补足语。如:

Itishardlysurprisingthatrumourscontinuetocirculate.

动词-ing形式作宾语补足语结构中,宾语与补足语有主动关系,表示“动作正在发生”,v-ing可用在感官动词(see,notice,watch,lookat,find,hear,listento,feel,catch)和表示“致使”意义的动词(get,have,keep,leave)后作宾语补足语。如:Canyousmellanythingburninginthekitchen?

[练习]用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空。

1).It’snot_______(surprise)thatyou’reputtingonweight,consideringhowmuchyou’reeating.

2).I’msorrytohavekeptyou_______(wait)forsolong.

3).Shecaughtthem_______(steal)herapples.

Keys:1).surprising2).waiting3).stealing

二、课文要点

1课文词汇等填空(旨在复习本课文中的单词拼写和主要词语等)

根据课文内容完成下面语法填空,注意单词拼写和词语用法:

CharlieChaplin,borninapoorfamily,showedan1(astonish)talentasaperformerassoonashecouldwalk.2(不幸地),hisfatherdiedyoung,leavinghisfamilyeven3(badly).Inhisteens,hecouldactthefooldoing__4___(日常的)task,whomnoonewas5(bore)watching.Lateron,Chaplindirected,producedand__6__(主演)inaseriesoffunnymovies,whichmadepeoplelaughatatimewhentheyfelt7(depress),sotheycouldfeelmorecontentwiththeirlives.Thelittletramp,whowasa8(home)manwithamoustache,largetrousers,9___(穿破的)shoesandasmallroundblackhat,wasoneofthe10(much)outstandingpartshehadeverplayed.

答案:1.astonishing2.Unfortunately3.worse4.ordinary5.bored

6.starred7.depressed8.homeless9.wornout10.most2课文大意概括(旨在训练用30个单词概括大意的能力)

阅读课文,试着用30来个单词概括课文大意或翻译下面短文。

该文主要是关于卓别林的对电影作出的贡献。他导演,制作,主演许多电影。角色,小流浪汉,让他闻名世界,使他获得奥斯卡奖和被认为是无声电影之父。

Thetextismainlyabout_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

答案:ThetextismainlyaboutthecontributionsCharlieChaplinmakeinthefilms.Hedirected,producedmanyfilms,inwhichhestarred.Andthecharacter,thelittletramp,madehimfamousthroughouttheworld,forwhichhereceivedanOscarandwasconsideredthefatherofnonverbalmovies.

3课文佳句背诵与仿写(旨在培养对难句的理解和运用能力)

1.AsVictorHugooncesaid,“Laughteristhesunthatdriveswinterfromthehumanface”,anduptonownobodyhasbeenabletodothisbetterthanCharlieChaplin.正如维克多雨果曾说过:“笑是阳光,能驱赶人脸上的寒意”,直到现在为止没有人能比查理卓别林更好地做到这一点。

[模仿要点]句子结构:as引导非限制性定语从句,否定意义的词与比较级连用

正如从文章可以得出结论,保护自己是确保我们的未来,而到现在为止没有人能比刘翔更好地理解这点。

_______________________________________________________________________________

答案:Ascanbeconcludedfromthepassage,protectingourselvesisensuringourfutureanduptonownobodyhasbeenabletogetabetterunderstandingofitthanLiuXiang.

众所周知,失败是成功之母,而到现在为止没有人能李明更好地理解这点。_______________________________________________________________________________

答案:Asiswellknowntousall,‘Failureisthemotherofsuccess’,anduptonownobodyhasbeenmoreabletounderstanditthanLiMing.2.YoumayfinditastonishingthatCharliewastaughttosingassoonashecouldspeakanddanceassoonashecouldwalk.您可能会发现,令人惊讶的是查理在他会说话时就教他唱歌和可以步行时就教他舞蹈。[模仿要点]句子结构:findit(形式宾语)+adj.+that引导的宾语从句

您可能会发现,令人兴奋的是你只要上网就可以与在另外城市的朋友取得联系。

_______________________________________________________________________________

答案:Youmayfinditexcitingthatyoucangetintouchwithyourfriendsinanothercitiesassoonasyougetonline.

您会发现,有价值的是只要你把你的心思投放进去,你英语考试可以得很高分。

_______________________________________________________________________________

答案:YoumayfinditworthwhilethatyoucangethighmarksinEnglishexamsassoonasyouputyourheartintoit.3.Theyaresohungrythattheytryboilingapairofleathershoesfortheirdinner.他们是如此饥饿,以至尝试煮一双皮鞋作晚餐。

[模仿要点]句子结构:so…that…句型

他是如此集中看书,以至忘了吃饭。

_______________________________________________________________________________

答案:Hewassoconcentratedonhisbookthatheevenforgothisdinner.

他是如此独立,以至他宁愿通过他自己的劳动养活自己。

_______________________________________________________________________________

答案:Hewassoindependentthathewouldliketosupporthimselfbyhisownlabour.

4.Heislovedandrememberedasagreatactorwhocouldinspirepeoplewithgreatconfidence.他作为一位伟大的演员以极大的信心激励人们,受到尊敬与爱戴。

[模仿要点]句子结构:be+loved/respectedas…+who引导的定语从句

刘翔,作为运动员能以巨大的勇气面临失败,受到尊敬与爱戴。

_______________________________________________________________________________

答案:LiuXiangislovedandrespectedasanathletewhocouldfacefailurewithgreatcourage.

怀特先生,作为外国教师在没有任何报酬的情况下愿意帮助贫困学生,受到尊敬和爱戴。

_______________________________________________________________________________

答案:Mr.Whiteislovedandrespectedasaforeignerteacherwhoiswillingtohelpthepoorstudentswithoutanypay.

三、单元自测

1完形填空

阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从21—30各题所给的A、B、C和D项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

字数:158

完成时间:13分钟

难度:***

Inrecentyearsscientistsinvestigationofcometshasincreasedbecauseofagrowinginterestintheoriginofthesunandplanets.Scientistswanttolearnhowcometsare21.Theythinkthatsuchinformationwillhelp22theoriginofthesolarsystem.

Theword"comet"comesfromGreekandmeans"hairyobject".Inhistorycometshaveaspecial23.Peoplebelievedthattheybrought24ofdeath,destructionormilitaryvictories.

Thetailsofcometsprovide25withspectacularsightsatnight.Comettailsaremillionsofkilometerslong.Thetails26reachlengthsof250millionkilometersand27.

ThemostfamouscometofhistoryiscalledHalleysComet,whichappearsevery76years.ItwasnamedforEdwardHalley,aBritishastronomer.He28theappearanceofthecometin1758,16yearsafterhisdeath.HalleysCometis29brightandhastwotails.Inthe20thcenturyit30in1910and1986.

21.A.constructedB.formedC.createdD.composed

22.A.explainB.solveC.answerD.demonstrate

23.A.siteB.placeC.spotD.mark

24.A.talesB.performancesC.newsD.stories

25.A.viewersB.observersC.astronautsD.pilots

26.A.finallyB.frequentlyC.easilyD.eventually

27.A.moreB.muchC.fartherD.extra

28.A.guessedB.predictedC.feltD.promised

29.A.equallyB.entirelyC.extremelyD.unnaturally

30.A.returnedB.recycledC.recreatedD.recrossed

答案:

21.B.彗星是如何形成的。

22.A.有助于解释太阳系的起源。

23.B.彗星在历史上有很特殊的地位。

24.C.带来信息。

25.A.在夜间给观星者提供壮观的景色。

26.B.彗星的尾巴往往达到……

27.A.甚至更长。

28.B.预测到了1758年彗星的出现。

29.C.哈雷彗星有两个尾巴,极其明亮。

30.A.

2.语法填空

阅读下面短文,按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求,在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空,并将答案填写在答题卡标号为31-40的相应位置上。

字数:175

完成时间:9分钟

难度:**

Inordertoknowaforeignlanguagethoroughly,fourthingsarenecessary.Firstly,wemustunderstandthelanguagewhenwehear31spoken.Secondly,wemustbeabletospeakitourselvescorrectlywithconfidenceandwithouthesitation.32,wemustbeabletoreadthelanguage,andfourthly,wemustbeabletowriteit.Wemustbeabletomakesentencesthataregrammaticallycorrect.

Thereisnoeasywaytosuccess33languagelearning.34goodmemoryisagreathelp,butitisnotenoughonly35(memorize)rulesfromagrammarbook.Itisnotmuchuselearningbyheartlonglistsofwordsand36meanings,studyingthedictionaryandsoon.Wemustlearnbyusingthelanguage.37wearesatisfiedwithonlyafewruleswehavememorized,wearenotreallylearningthelanguage.“Learnthroughuse”isagoodpieceof38(advise)forthose39arestudyinganewlanguage.Practiceisimportant.Wemustpractisespeakingand40(write)thelanguagewheneverwecan.

[答案]

本文主要讲述了学习英语的一些好的方法。

31.it指代前面的foreignlanguage。

32.Thirdly根据上下文得知这是第三点。

33.in在语言学习方面没有容易取得成功的办法。

34.A好的记忆力有助于学习,memory为可数名词。

35.tomemorize不定式作真正主语。

36.their指代前面的words。

37.If前后是条件关系。

38.advice一条建议,此处应用名词。

39.who引导定语从句,先行词是those。

40.writing练习做某事应用practisedoingsth。3.阅读理解

阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

词数:349

完成时间:6分钟

难度:**

Anearthquakeisliterallyanearth-shatteringexperience!Thereyouareenjoyinganafternoonnap,havingacupofcoffeeinthemorning,orevensleepingonacoldwinternightwhen--WHAM!--theentirecrockery(陶器)shelfcollapses,andalltheplatesandcupsbreakintopieces.Apaintingonthewallnearlyknocksyoudownasitfalls.

Whatshouldonedoinanearthquake?Theprime-time(黄金时间的)newsgivesnowarning,noristhereatimeofyear,likethemonsoon(季风)season,whenanearthquakealwaysoccurs.Unlikeatornadoorhurricane,thereisnoknownwayofpredictinganearthquake.

Thoughabout500,000earthquakesoccureachyear,only100ofthemcausedamage!However,anearthquakecanstrikeanytimeofthedayornight,soitneedstobepreparedforwhenyouhavethemisfortuneofbeingcaughtinthemiddleofone.

Ifyoureindoors,stayindoors,unlessyoureonthegroundfloor,whereyoucaneasilyrunoutside.Thebestthingtodoifyou’reindoorsistohideunderastrongpieceoffurniturelikeabedordesk.Donotheadforthestairwayifyourelivingonanupperstorey,becausestairwayscancollapse.

Ifyouredriving,getoutoftrafficandstoponawideandopenroad.Donotstoponabridge,orinanothercase,underone.Stayinsideyourcaruntiltheshakingstops.Beforeyourestartdriving,lookoutforfissures(裂缝),breaksintheroad,andbumpsorcracks.Insideyourhome,becarefulnottommonthegasuntilyouresurethecylinder(煤气罐)issafe,andthereisnoleak.

Avoidusingyourtelephoneunlessthere’sanemergency.Youcouldbeoccupyinglinesthatareneededbyotherpeople.

Lastly,ifyou’renottrappedorseriouslyhurt,donotexpectfirefighters,armyorpolicetohelpyou.Theymaybebusyrescuingpeopleingreaterneedthanyou!

41.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytellusabout?

A.Howtopredictearthquakes.

B.Whattododuringanearthquake.

C.Thedamageanearthquakecancause.

D.Thefactorsthatcauseanearthquake.

42.Fromthesecondparagraphwelearnthat__

A.monsoonsusuallycomeatcertaintimesoftheyear

B.therearenoknownwaystopredicthurricanes

C.therearewarningsignsbeforeearthquakesstrike

D.atornadocancomeatanytime,andishardtopredict

43.Whatshouldyoudoifyouareonthefirstfloorofabuilding?

A.Stayinside.

B.Headforastairway.

C.Hideunderastrongpieceoffurniture.

D.Runoutsideimmediately.

44.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"collapses"meaninthefirstparagraph?

A.Breaksout.B.Fallsdown.C.Cutsdown.D.Dropsout.

45.Whatshouldyoudoifyouredrivingonabridgeduringanearthquake?

A.Stopwhereyouareandgetoutofthecar.

B.Leavethecarandnmaway.

C.Keepondrivinguntilyou’reoffit.

D.Stopunderthebridgeandstayinsideyourcar.

答案:

和其他自然灾害不同的是,地震的发生会很突然,没有任何征兆,现在还没有什么办法能够预测地震,所以我们很有必要掌握一些地震发生时自救的知识。

41.B。主旨大意题。根据下文讲发生地震时“人们在室内、在户外、开车时应该做什么”看,文章讲的是发生地震时“应该做什么”。

42.A。细节判断题。根据文章的第二段中的“…noristhereatimeofyear,likethemonsoonseason…”可看出季风在一年中固定的时间发生。

43.D。细节判断题。根据第四段中的“Ifyou’reindoors,stayindoors,unlessyou’reonthegroundfloor,whereyoucaneasilyrunoutside.”可判断在一楼时最好跑到户外。

44.B。猜测词义题。根据画线部分后面的“…alltheplatesandcupsbreakintopieces.”可判断此处指放陶器的架子倒了。breakout“(战争、灾害等)爆发”;falldown“突然倒下”;cutdown“减少,消减”;dropout“退出,退学”。

45.C。推理判断题。根据第五段中的“Ifyou’redriving,getoutoftrafficandstoponawideandopenroad.Donotstoponabridge,orinanothercase,underone.Stayinsideyourcaruntiltheshakingstops.”可判断只有C正确。

4.基础写作

假设你是一位心理辅导老师,你的一位学生因为考试成绩不好而向你求助。针对他的情况,请你以MarksDoNotMeanEverything为题,写一篇短文开导他。

要点:

1.成绩好坏并不意味着一个学生的优劣;

2.成绩是可以通过自身的努力提高的;

3.要学会调整心态,争取进步;

4.只要自己付出了,就没有什么可后悔的。

(写作要求)

1.必须使用5个句子介绍全部所给的内容。

2.将5个句子组织成连贯的一篇短文,使用必要的连接词。

_________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________

[答案]MarksDoNotMeanEverything

Itisusualthatmanystudentsparentsandteachersconsidermarksaseverything,butinfact,marksonlyshowwhetheronegainsmoreorlessachievementinacertainperiod.Itdoesnotmeanstudentswhogethighmarksaretoporexcellentones.Whatsmore,markscanbetrulyimprovedifyouworkhardatyourlessons.Howeverbadyoufeelatpresent,youllfindhappinessinthefuture,soyoushouldadjustyourmindtorealityandmakeupyourmindtomakeprogress.Asamatteroffact,ifyouputyourheartintoyourstudy,whatevertheresultis,thereisnothingleftforyoutoregret.

高考一轮复习黄金学案――Unit3Traveljournal(必修一)


高考一轮复习黄金学案――Unit3Traveljournal(必修一)

语言要点

单元要点预览(旨在让同学整体了解本单元要点)

词汇

部分

词语

辨析

1.finally/atlast/intheend

2.across/through/over

3.persuade/advise

4.beneath/under/below

词形

变化

1.organizevt.组织

organizedadj.有组织的

organizationn.组织

2.wooln.羊毛

woolenadj.毛纺的;纯毛的3.determinev.决定

determinedadj.坚决的

determinationn.决心;坚定性

重点

单词

1.preferv.更喜欢,选择某事物(而不选择其他事物)

2.persuadev.说服;劝说

3.insistv.坚持

4.determinev.决定;确定;下定决心

重点

词组

1.careabout关心,在乎gothrough经历;经受

2.givein屈服,让步,投降;上交

3.changeone’smind改变主意

重点句子

1.Itwasmysisterwho/thatfirsthadtheideatocyclealongtheentireMekongRiver.首先想到沿湄公河骑车旅游的是我姐姐。(强调句)

2.Sheinsistedthatshe(should)organizethetripproperly.

她坚持要自己把这次旅游安排得尽善尽美。

重点语法

现在进行时表示将来(见语法部分)

I词语辨析(旨在提供完形填空所需材料)

1.finally/atlast/intheend

finally有两个意思,一是在按顺序列举事物或论点时引出最后一项内容,“最后,末了”;二是表示“在经过很长时间之后才,终于。”另外,finally一般位于动词前。

atlast强调经过一番努力

intheend强调经过许多困难、变化之后,事情才发生

atlast和intheend同finally的第二个意思

用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空

1).ThewarlastedfouryearsbeforetheNorthwon_______________.

2).Yourideawillturnoutright_________.

3).______,Iwanttothankyouforhelpingme.

Keys:1).intheend/atlast2).intheend3).Finally

2.across/through/over

across表示从表面上横穿,横跨

through表示穿过空间内部

over表示“越过”,指从较高物体的一侧到另一侧

用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空

TheGreatWallwindsitsway____highmountains,___deepvalleysand___great

deserts.

Keys:over…through…across

3.persuade/advise

persuade指通过劝说、感情交流等而使对方做劝说者所希望的事。强调劝说已收到成效。

advise并不涉及是否有成效

用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空

1).Someofus________himtochangehismindbutnoonecould_________himtodoso.

Keys:1).advised…persuade

4.beneath/under/below

beneath书面用词,指紧挨……之下

under普通用词,指在某物的正下方

below指位置低于某物或在某物下方,但不一定在正下方,所指范围较宽

用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空

1).Writeyourname_______theline.

2).Theyfoundthebodyburiedapileofleaves.

3).Theystood________abigtree.

Keys:1).below2).beneath3).under

II词性变化(旨在提供语法填空所需材料)

1.organizevt.组织

organizedadj.有组织的

organizationn.组织

2.wooln.羊毛

woolenadj.毛纺的;纯毛的3.determinev.决定

determinedadj.坚决的

determinationn.决心;坚定性

用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空

1)Hesinvolvedinthe_______ofanewclub.(organize)

2)She’sahighly________person.(organize)

3)She_______theclassintofourgroups.(organize)

4)Thesegoatsarespeciallybredfortheir_______.(wool)

5)Thoseare_______blankets(wool)

6)Hisfatherisaleaderwithcourageand_________.(determine)

7)Shewill________howitistobedone.(determine)

8)Im________tosucceed.(determine)

Keys:1)organization2)organized3)organized4)wool

5)woolen6)determination7)determine8)determined

Ⅲ重点词汇(旨在提供综合运用所需材料)

1.preferv.(preferred/preferring)更喜欢,选择某事物(而不选择其他事物)

[典例]

1).Ipreferdogstocats.猫狗之中我更喜欢狗。

2).Ipreferspeakingthetruthtolying.我宁愿讲实话而不愿说谎。

3).Wouldyoupreferthatweputoffourweddingtillnextmouth?你是否更愿意把我们的婚礼推迟到下个月?

[重点用法]

prefersth../doingpreferAtoB

preferdoingAtodoingBprefer(sb.)todo(ratherthando)

preferthat-clause

[练习]中译英

1).比起乘坐拥挤的公共汽车,他宁愿骑自行车。

__________________________________________________________________________________________

2).玛丽更愿意我在外面等她。

__________________________________________________________________________________________

Keys:1).Ratherthanrideonacrowdedbus,healwayspreferstorideabicycle.

2).Maryprefersmetowaitforheroutside.2.persuadev.说服;劝说

[典例]

1).Wepersuadedhimtotakethejob/intotakingthejob.我们说服了他接受这份工作。

2).Mymotherfinallypersuadedmenottogototheparty/outofgoingtotheparty.

妈妈最终说服我不参加这次聚会。

3).HowcanIpersuadeyouofmysincerity?我如何能让你相信我是真诚的?

4).Iamalmostpersuadedthatheishonest.我几乎相信了他是诚实的。

[重点用法]

persuadesb.todosth.=persuadesb.intodoingsth.说服某人做某事

persuadesb.nottodosth.=persuadesb.outofsth./doingsth.劝阻某人做某事

persuadesb.ofsth.使某人相信某事

persuadethat-clause使某人相信...

[练习]中译英

1)他正试图说服他的朋友放弃抽烟。

2)我们使亨利相信是他错了。

3)我几乎相信他是诚实的。

Key:1)Heistryingtopersuadehisfriendstogiveupsmoking.

2)WepersuadedHarrythathewaswrong.

3)Iamalmostpersuadedofhishonesty.3.insistv.坚持

[典例]

Youcancomebacklater,ifyouinsist.如果你一定要坚持,你就稍后再来吧。

[重点用法]

insiston/uponsth./(sb’s)doing坚持某事/要求(某人)做某事

Istillinsistonmyviewpoint.我仍然坚持我的观点。

Heinsistedonpayingforthemeal.他坚持要付饭钱。

Motherinsistedonourwashingtheclothesbyourselves.妈妈坚决要求我们自己洗衣服。

[练习]选择填空

1).Themaninsisted_______ataxiformeeventhoughItoldhimIlivednearby.

A.findB.tofindC.onfindingD.infinding

2).Iinsistthatadoctor_______immediately.

A.hasbeensentforB.sendsforC.willbesentforD.besentfor

3).Somepeopleinsistedthattheperson_____athiefandinsistedthathe_____tothepolicestation.

A.was;betakenB.was,wouldbetaken

C.shouldbe;shouldbetakenD.be;betaken

Keys:1).C2).D3).A

4.determinev.决定;确定;下定决心

[典例]

1).Attitudedetermineseverything.态度决定一切。

2).Wedeterminedtogototherailwaystationatonce.我们决定立刻去火车站。

3).Iwonderwhatdeterminedhertomarryhimintheend.我想知道是什么使她最终下决心嫁给他的。

4).Thecourtdeterminedthatthemanwasguiltyofrobbery.法庭裁定那个人犯了抢劫罪。

[重点用法]

determineon/upon(doing)sth.determine+n.

determinetodosth.determinesb.todosth.使某人下定决心做某事

determine+that-clause

adj.bedeterminedtodosth.

[练习]中译英

1).你决定好暑假做什么了吗?

__________________________________________________________________________________________

2).她决心要上哈佛大学。

__________________________________________________________________________________________

Keys:1).Haveyoudeterminedwhattodointhesummerholidays?

2).ShewasdeterminedtogotoHarvardUniversity.Ⅳ重点词组(旨在提供综合运用所需材料)

1.careabout关心,在乎

[典例]

1).Theonlythinghecaresaboutismoney.他唯一在乎的东西就是金钱。

2).Familymembersshouldalwayscareabouteachother.一家人应该互相关心。

[短语归纳]

carefor喜欢(多用于否定、疑问句);照顾

Idon’tcareforcoffee.我不喜欢喝咖啡。

CouldyouhelpcareformychildwhenIamout?我外出时能帮忙照顾下我的孩子吗?

[练习]中译英

1).她关心的只是她的社交活动。

__________________________________________________________________________________________

2).他深深地爱着她。

__________________________________________________________________________________________

Keys:1).Allshecaresaboutishersociallife.

2).Hecaresforherdeeply.

2.givein屈服,让步,投降;上交

[典例]

1).Seeingthathecouldnotpersuademe,hehadtogivein(tomyview).由于无法说服我,他不得不认输。

2).It’stimetogiveinyourexaminationpapers.到了交试卷的时间了。

[短语归纳]

givein(tosb./sth.)向…让步giveupsth./doing放弃(做)某事

giveaway赠送;泄露giveback归还;恢复

giveoff放出,散发(光、热、烟、气味等)giveover交付

giveoutvt.分配;分发;发布vi.(食物,燃料,电力等)用光;筋疲力尽

[练习] 用give构成的短语的适当形式填空。

1).Whenwillthefoodsuppliedofourenemy________.

2).Heintendedto________alargeamountofmoneytotheProjectHope.

3).Becauseofhislowsalary,hehadto_________hisdreamtriptoEurope.

Keys:1).giveout2).giveaway3).giveup3.changeone’smind改变主意

makeupone’smind(todo)下定决心(做某事)

[典例]

1).Maybeyou’llchangeyourmindafterthinkingitover.也许你仔细考虑之后会改变主意。

2).Ihavemadeupmymindtoleave,andnothingyousaywillchangeit.我已经下定决心,不管你说什么我都不会改主意了。

[短语归纳]

与mind有关的常用短语

havea/nomindtodo有/无意做

loseone’smind失去理智

readone’smind看出某人的心思

speakone’smind直言不讳

beofthesamemind意见一致

bein/oftwominds拿不定主意

giveone’smindto注意…

keepone’smindon专心于…

takeone’smindoffsth.转移某人的注意力

bear/keepsth.inmind记住某事

bring/callsth.tomind回忆某事

putsb.inmindofsth.使某人想起某事

[练习]中译英

1).我决心当医生。

__________________________________________________________________________________________

2).任何事情都不能使我改变主意。

__________________________________________________________________________________________

Keys:1).Ivemadeupmymindtobeadoctor.

2).Nothingwillmakemechangemymind.V重点句子(旨在提供句子结构等所需材料)

1.Itwasmysisterwho/thatfirsthadtheideatocyclealongtheentireMekongRiver.首先想到沿湄公河骑车旅游的是我姐姐。

[解释]强调句型Itis/was+被强调部分+that/who+其余部分。被强调部分可以是原句的主语、宾语、状语、从句。

强调主语:

Itistheabilitytodothejobthatmatters,notwhereyoucomefromorwhatyouare.

关键是你的工作能力而不是你从哪来或你是谁。

强调宾语:

ItwasMichaelthat/whoIgavethisticketto.我把这张票给了麦克。

强调时间状语:

Itwasabout600yearsagothatthefirstclockwithafaceandanhourhandwasmade.

大约600年前,第一个有钟面和时针的钟诞生了。

强调地点状语:

ItwasinBrooklynthatBeckhamfirstmetVictoria,sotheynamedtheirfirstsonBrooklyn.

布鲁克林是贝克汉姆和维多利亚第一次相遇的地方,所以他们给第一个儿子取名布鲁克林。

强调从句:

Itwasbecauseheisincriticalconditionthatthedoctordecidedtooperateonhim.

医生之所以决定为他动手术,是因为他病情危险。

[练习]中译英

1).我把这张票给了麦克。

__________________________________________________________________________________________

2).医生之所以决定为他动手术,是因为他病情危险。

__________________________________________________________________________________________

Keys:

1).ItwasMichaelthat/whoIgavethisticketto.

2).Itwasbecauseheisincriticalconditionthatthedoctordecidedtooperateonhim.2.Sheinsistedthatshe(should)organizethetripproperly.

[解释]insist+that-clause

insist意为“坚持要求(做某事)”时,宾语从句用虚拟语气,谓语用shoulddo的形式,should可省略;而insist意为“坚持认为,坚持某种观点”时,宾语从句的动词时态根据具体的语境变化,不用虚拟语气。

Heinsistedthathehadn’tmadeamistake.他坚持认为自己没有犯错。

Thebodyguardsinsistedthatthepresident(should)keepawayfromthecrowdforthesakeofsafety.出于安全考虑,护卫人员坚决要求总统远离人群。

suggest(建议),demand(要求),require(要求),request(请求),order(命令)等动词的宾语从句也常用“(should)do”表示虚拟语气。

[练习]中译英

1).我坚决要求你立刻采取行动把事情处理好。

__________________________________________________________________________________________

2).他反应冷淡表明他并不喜欢这个主意。

__________________________________________________________________________________________

Keys:

1).Iinsistonyourtaking/insistthatyoutakeimmediateactiontoputthisright.

2).Hiscoolresponsesuggestedthathedidntliketheidea.

课文要点(模块)

1课文词汇等填空(旨在复习本课文中的单词拼写和主要词语等)

根据课文内容完成下面语法填空,注意单词拼写和词语用法:

WangKunandhissisterWangweihadadream1takingabiketripalongtheMekongRiver.Theybegantheirtripfrom2itbeginstowhereitends.WangWeiwassostubbornthat3shewas4(决心)todosomething,nothingcould5hermind.SothoughWangKunhaddifferentideaaboutthetripbuthehadtogive6.

TheMekongRiverbeginsataglacieronaTibetanmountain7analtitudeofmorethan5,000metres.Itpasses8deepvalleys,9(travel)10westernYunnanProvinceandfinallyflowsintotheSouthChinaSea.

答案:1.of/about2.where3.once4.determined5.change6.in7.with8.through9.traveling10.across

2课文大意概括(旨在训练用30个单词概括大意的能力)

阅读课文,试着用30来个单词概括课文大意或翻译下面短文。

王昆和他的姐姐沿着媚公河骑自行车游览。他们对媚公河的地理环境和沿途风景作了详尽的描写。

Thepassageisabout_____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________

答案:ThepassageisaboutWangKunandhissistercyclingalongtheMekongRiverandtheygaveadetaileddescriptionoftheriverincludingitsgeographicalsituationandthesceneryalongtheriver.

3课文佳句背诵与仿写(旨在培养对难句的理解和写作能力)

1.ItwasmysisterwhofirsthadtheideatocyclealongtheentireMekongRiverfromwhereitbeginstowhereitends.首先想到要沿着湄公河从源头到终点骑车旅游的是我的姐姐。

[模仿要点]句子结构:强调句Itis/was+强调部分+that/who…

正是树的绿荫保护我们免于太阳的照射,使我们精力更加充沛。

____________________________________________________________________________________________

答案:Itisthegreenshadefromthetreesthatprotectusfromthesun,makingusfeelmoreenergetic.

一直到奥运会在中国举行,世界才充分领略了中国文化的魅力。

____________________________________________________________________________________________

答案:Itisnotuntilthe29thOlympicGameswerehostedinChinathattheworldcompletelyexperiencethecharmofChineseculture.

[模仿要点]句子结构:定语从句where的用法

他在他出生和成长的地方投资了一家车厂,年产10万汽车

____________________________________________________________________________________________

答案:Heinvestedacarfactorywherehewasbornandgrewup,whichproduced10,000carsperyear.

在很难找到食物的地方就没有什么鸟能长年栖息.

____________________________________________________________________________________

答案:Wherefoodishardtofind,fewbirdsremainthroughouttheyear.

单元自测(模块)

1完形填空

阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从21—30各题所给的A、B、C和D项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

字数:217

完成时间:15分钟

难度:***

Whenit’s10:15inNewYork,it’s9:15inSaltLakeCity,and7:15inSanFrancisco–isn’tit?Thisconsistentandorderlytimesystem,basedonagridoftime21,seemssonaturalthatpeople22giveitamoment’sthought.Soyoumayfinditsurprisingtolearnthatpriortothelate1800seachcommunity23itsowntime–bylookingatthesun.WhenthesunshonedirectlyoverheadinWashington,D.C.,forexample,itwas12:00noonthere;uptheroadinPhiladelphia,24,itwas12:07,andinBostonitwas12:24.Tomeasuretimewithabsoluteaccuracy,itisnecessarytomovetheclockaboutoneminuteforeverytwelvemilesofdistance;soaccordingto“suntime”yourpocketwatchwouldbeslightly25ifyouventuredonlyafewmilesdowntheroad.

Itwasnotuntiltheadventofwidespreadrailroadtravelthataneed26for27time.Atonepointover300localtimeswerehonoredwithinthe28,makingitliterallyimpossiblefortrainstoarriveconsistentlyontime29.Asaresult,in1883thecontinentalUnitedStateswasdividedintofourtimelongitude.Thestandardizationresultingfromthissystem30sohelpfulthatin1884theInternationalMeridianConferenceappliedthesameproceduretoestablishtimezonesaroundtheworld.

21.A.areasB.districtsC.zonesD.divisions

22.A.usuallyB.neverC.onlyD.rarely

23.A.madeB.establishedC.arrangedD.founded

24.A.howeverB.thereforeC.meanwhileD.bycontrast

25.A.differentB.wrongC.incorrectD.mistaken

26.A.arrivedB.raisedC.happenedD.arose

27.A.regularizedB.organizedC.correctedD.standardized

28.A.stateB.countyC.worldD.country

29.A.everywhereB.anywhereC.nowhereD.somewhere

30.A.wasprovedB.hasbeenprovedC.wasprovingD.proved

[答案]

21.C.时区timezone,是固定词组。

22.D.人们习以为常了,所以很少想到它,选rarely,经常想起、从不想起和只想起它都不合理。

23.B.句意应为每个地区都确立自己的时间,只有establish可以表示建立制度。

24.A.根据上下文可判断出此处为转折对比关系,而bycontrast表示相反的对比,所以选however。

25.C.根据“太阳时”,只要离开几英里,表就会有一些不准,而不是不同、错误或误解。

26.D.需要出现应该搭配的动词是arise。

27.A.是需要调整时间,而不是使时间有组织、改变或标准化。

28.D.根据上下文,是在美国境内有300多个地区时。

29.A.根据文意,火车不可能在每个地方都准时,所以选everywhere,和impossible构成部分否定。

30.D.该系统被证明很帮助,应该用prove的主动形式,时态用一般过去时。

2语法填空

阅读下面短文,按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求,在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空,并将答案填写在答题卡标号为31-40的相应位置上。

字数:147

完成时间:8分钟

难度:**

Usuallymalebutterfliesaremorebrightlycoloredthanthefemale.Thefemalehavebiggerandheavierbodies,31theycarrytheeggs.Thebrightcolorsofthemalehelptoattractthefemale,andthedullercolorsofthefemalemakethem32likelytobecaughtbyenemiesbeforethey33(lay)theireggs.34butterflieshaveabrightpatterncolorsontheuppersurfaceoftheirwingswhichareshown35flying.Butwhentheyrestonatreeor36(leaf)theyclosetheirwings.Ontheundersidesoftheirwingstherearegreenandbrownmarks37looklikethetreeorleaves.Theyarethendifficultto38(see).

Manybutterflieshaveroundmarksontheirwingsthatlooklikeeyes.Whentheyareresting,theirwingsareclosed,andthesecannotbeseenWhenabirdsees39,andbeginstoattackit,thebutterfly40openitswings.Thebirdthinksthatitseestwoeyesstaringatit,andsoitisfrightened,andfliesaway.

[答案]

31.since32.1ess33.havelaid34.Some35.when/while36.leaves37.which/that38.beseen39.one40.would

31.since,“由于,既然”表原因。

32.1ess,从上下文可知此处是“雌飞蛾的较死板的颜色使她们在产完卵之前较少有可能被敌人抓住”。

33.havelaid,由before可知考查动词的现在完成时态。

34.Some,不定代词,“一些”。

35.when/while,when/while+ving分词相当于由when引导的时间状语从句,“正在飞时”。

36.leaves,leaf的复数形式是leaves。

37.which/that,关系代词,引导限制性定语从句?

38.beseen,考查动词不定式的被动语态,意为“然后他们很难被看见”。

39.one,不定代词,指代任意一只butterfly。

40.would,表一种必然的动作或经常的动作。

3阅读理解

阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

词数:334

完成时间:7分钟

难度:***

YiSo-yeon,anengineerfromSeoul,returnedtoEarthonSaturdayafter11daysaboardtheInternationalSpaceStation(ISS),alongwithRussiancosmonautYuriMalenchenkoandUSastronautPeggyWhitson.

Atechnicalproblemturnedaroutine(常规)returntoEarthintoasharperthanusualdescent(下降)thattestedthegroupmembersstaminaandcourage.TheylandedintheKazakhsteppes(大草原)about420km(260miles)wideoftheirtarget.

"DuringthedescenttherewassomekindoffireoutsidetheSoyuzcapsulebecauseweweregoingthroughtheatmosphere,"Yisaid.

"AtfirstIwasafraid,butthetwootherguyslookedokay,soItriedtolookokaytoo."

Yismiledandjokedherwaythrougha10-minutenewsbriefingatStarCity,thewoodedSovieteracosmonauttrainingcentreontheedgeofMoscow.However,MalenchenkoandWhitsonlookedtiredandthinafternearlysixmonthsinspace.TheiranswerswereshortandWhitsonneededsupporttobalancewhenshewalked.The29-year-oldYihasbecomefamousinSouthKoreasincethetake-offbutshebrushedthisasideandsaidshehashadlittlecontactwithfriendsorfamilysincereturning.

"Infact,theyaretheheroesrightnow,"Yisaid,referringtoMalenchenkoandWhitson."ImjustabeginnerandalittleashamedtosaythatIamahero."Shedid,though,relateamorelight-heartedincidentontheISS.

"IsangFlyMetotheMoon"Yisaidaboutthe1950spopsong."ItsmyfavoritesongfromuniversityalthoughatthattimeIdidntknowIwouldbeanastronaut."

Thecapsulesso-called"ballistic"re-enteringmadethegroupmembersfacetwicetheusualpullfromthecentreoftheearth.TheflamesYidescribedmayhavebeencausedbyfriction(摩擦)heatingthecapsuleasitfellthroughtheatmosphere.

WhitsontoldreportersthatSaturdaysballisticlanding,wasirregularbutnotanemergency.

"TheSoyuzhasbeenthroughitshistoryveryreliableandtherehasobviouslybeensomeissueinthelastcoupleofdescentswhichwentballistic,butImsuretheengineerswilldeterminewhattheproblemsareandgetthemfixed,"shesaid.

InOctober,aSoyuzcapsulecarryingMalaysiasfirstspacetouristtoucheddownabout200km(125miles)offcourseinasimilarballisticlandingcausedbyatechnicalproblem.

TheSoyuzistheworldslongest-servingmannedspacecapsule.Anearlyversionofthecraft,theVostok,carriedthefirstpersonintospacein1961.

Whitson,48,hasbecometheAmericanwiththelongestamountoftimeinspacewith377days.

41.Whatsthemainideaofthepassage?

A.Flightinspaceisverydangerous

B.Noteverybodycangointospace

C.FearfullandingteststheKoreanastronaut

D.Yididntknowshewouldbeanastronautwhenshewasyoung

42.ThereasonwhyYiSuo-yeonfeltafraidatfirstwasthat__________.

A.afirewascausedbythefriction

B.shehadnosuchexperiencebefore

C.shewasnotbraveenough

D.theothertwodidnthelpher

43.Fromthepassage,wecanlearnthat__________.

A.YiSo-yeon,aspacetouristcamefromSouthKorea

B.Whitsonbecameenergeticwhentheylandedonearth

C.thetwootherguyswerenotafraidduringthedescent

D.theSoyuz,anunmannedspacecapsule,hadalonghistory

44.Theunderlinedphraseinthispassagemeans__________.

A.outofworkB.outofcontrolC.inthewrongdirectionD.indanger

45.Wecanconcludefromthispassagethat__________.

A.experienceisveryimportantforastronautstoensuresafety

B.YiSuo-yeonwillneverreturntothespacestation

C.peoplearenotwillingtoexperiencethespaceflight

D.weshoulddrawalessonfromtheaccident

[答案]

本文讲述YiSuo-yeon与另外两名宇航员在太空站11天后返回的不平凡经历。

41.C。主旨大意题。令人恐惧的着陆让进入太空的韩国宇航员经受了一次考验。

42.B。细节理解题。根据第六段推理得出,Yi开始时恐惧的原因是以前没有过这种经历。

43.C。由“AtfirstIwasafraid,butthetwootherguyslookedokay...”判断得出答案。

44.C。词意猜测题。offcourse偏离轨道。

45.A。推理判断题。有上下文推理可得:飞行员的经验在旅途中能够对安全起很大作用。

4写作训练

请根据下列信息,用英语写一篇关于2008年诺贝尔奖化学奖得主华人科学家钱永健教授的简介

[写作内容]钱永健教授的简介提示:

姓名:钱永健

国籍:美国

出生年月:1952年

出生地:纽约

获奖及

相关情况:

2008年诺贝尔化学奖,其研究为生物和医学试验带来革命。其父亲是名机械工程师,堂叔是我国著名科学家钱学森。钱永健教授是自诺贝尔奖颁发逾100多年来,第七位获诺贝尔奖的华人科学家。

教育及

工作经历:

16岁获“少年诺贝尔奖”,20岁,在哈佛大学获得物理和化学学士学位,现供职美国加州大学圣迭戈分校化学及药理系。[写作要求]

1.只能使用5个句子表达全部内容:

2.文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。

[评分标准]

句子结构准确,信息内容完整,篇章结构连贯。

[写作向导]

1.时态:人物介绍应根据人物不同时期做的事情来使用不同的时态。

2.可用词汇与句型:theNobelPrizeinChemistryfor2008诺贝尔化学奖,RogerY.Tsien钱永健教授,

HarvardUniversity哈佛大学,UniversityofCaliforniaSanDiegoSchool美国加州大学圣迭戈分校。

____________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________

[答案]

RogerY.Tsien,ANobelPrizeWinnerFor2008

RogerY.Tsien,borninNewYorkin1952,isaChineseAmericanwhowontheNobelPrizeinChemistryfor2008.Hisresearchhasbroughtarevolutiontotheresearchandexperimentsonbiologyandmedicine.HisuncleisXueSenTsien,agreatChinesefamousscientist.RogerY.TsienistheseventhChineseAmericanscientistwhoisaNobelPrizewinnerintheover-100-yearhistoryoftheprize.Attheageof16,hegottheNobelPrizeforYoungstersinUSA.Later,hestudiedinHarvardUniversityandgotbachelordegreesofchemistryandphysicsattheageof20there.HehasbeenworkingatthedepartmentofChemistryMedicineinUniversityofCaliforniaSanDiegoSchool.

高考一轮复习黄金学案――Unit3TheMillionPoundBankNote(必修三)


高考一轮复习黄金学案――Unit3TheMillionPoundBankNote(必修三)

单元要点预览(旨在让同学整体了解本单元要点)

词汇

部分

词语

辨析

1.scene/sight/view/scenery2.permit/allow/let3.scream/shout

词形

变化

1.believevt.vi.相信;认为

beliefn.相信,信念,信仰

believableadj.可相信的unbelievableadj.难以置信的

2.survivevi.幸存,继续存在vt.幸免于;挺过来

survivaln.幸存,幸存者,残存物

survivorn.未死的人;残存者

3.permitv.允许

n.许可证,执照

permissionn.允许,许

可,准许4.patiencen.忍耐,耐心

patientadj.有耐心的

impatientadj.不耐烦的

5.rudeadj.粗鲁的,不礼貌的

rudelyadv.粗鲁地;粗略地

rudenessn.粗鲁,不礼貌

6.presentadj.出席的

presencen.出席,到场7.adventuren.奇遇;冒险

adventurousadj.冒险

的,惊险的

adventurern.冒险者

重点

单词

1.betn.v.赌;打赌;赌钱

2.faultn.缺点;错误,过错;故障vt.挑剔,指责

3.spotvt.发现;认出n.污点;斑点;地点

4.passagen.通道;(书、讲话、音乐等的)一段,一节;通过,消逝;旅费

5.accountn.说明;理由;计算,账目vi.vt.认为;说明;解释总;计有

6.seekvt.vi.(sought,sought)寻找;探索;寻求

7.amountn.数(量);总额vi.(to)合计;接近

8.bow[bau]vi.vt.鞠躬;弯腰[bu]n.[c]弓,蝴蝶结;鞠躬

重点

词组

1.bringup培养;抚养;养育或教育某人;提出;呕吐某物

2.goahead执行,进行,前进,(于祈使句)可以,往下说,用吧,开始吧

3.byaccident偶然;无意中

4.tobehonest老实说;说实话

5.onthecontrary与此相反;正相反[只作状语]

6.takeachance冒险,碰运气

7.asfor至于,关于

重点句子

1.TowardsnightfallIfoundmyselfcarriedouttoseabyastrongwind.

2.ThenextmorningI’djustaboutgivenmyselfupforlostwhenIwasspottedbyaship.

3.Youmustcomewheneveryouwantandhavewhateveryoulike.

重点语法

情态动词的两类重要用法:1.表示推测2.征询意见(见语法部分)

语言要点(模块)

Ⅰ.词语辨析(旨在提供完形填空所需材料)

1.scene/sight/view/scenery

scene指某一处的自然风光

scenery(总称)自然景物,天然风光,是由多个scenes构成的自然风景。

sight景象,风景,名胜,侧重值得看的事物或很难看的东西和很可笑的事物;视力/眼界

view景色,风景,侧重从人所处的角度(从远处或高处)以眼所看到的景色。

根据句子意思用scene,sight,view,scenery的适当形式填空。

1).Guilinisfamousforitsbeautiful_______.

2).The_______isaperfectdreamwhenyouseethesunrisingslowlyintheeast.

3).Youcangetawonderful_______atthetopofthetower.

4).Theflowersarealovely_______inspring.

5).Hebegantolosehis_______sixyearsago.

Keys:1).scenery2).scene3).view4).sight5).sight

2.permit/allow/let

let允许,让,常用于口语中,一般不用于被动语态。后接不带to的不定式作宾补。

permit和allow意思相近,都表示“允许,准许”。permit稍正式一些,多指上级对下级或长辈对晚辈的准许,语气较强;allow多指听任或不管教某人做某事。

常用句型allow/permitsb.todosth.beallowed/permittedtodosth.allow/permitdoingsth.

根据句子意思用permit,allow或所给词的适当形式填空。

1).Studentsarenot_________toentertheNetBar.

2).Mymotherwouldn’tletme_______(go)tothefilm.

3).Wedon’tallow_______(smoke)inouroffice.

4).Weather_______(permit),we’llgooutingthisweekend.

Keys:1).allowed/permitted2).go3).smoking4).permitting

3.scream/shout

scream指因痛苦、恐惧、激动或生气而喊叫、尖叫,声音大而尖利,常与to连用

shout指因愤怒或为引起注意而发出的声音,大喊,大叫,大声说话,常常与at连用

根据句子意思用scream,shout的适当形式填空。

1).Therewasahugebangandpeoplestarted_______.

2).Twowomenwere_______ateachotheroutsidethesupermarket.

3).Ihadto_______tomakemyselfheard.

4).Thefans_______withexcitementwhentheysawhim.

Keys:1).screaming2).shouting3).shout4).screamedⅡ.词性变化(旨在提供语法填空所需材料)

1.believevt.vi.相信;认为

beliefn.相信,信念,信仰

believableadj.可相信的unbelievableadj.难以置信的

2.survivevi.幸存,继续存在vt.幸免于;挺过来

survivaln.幸存,幸存者,残存物

survivorn.未死的人;残存者

3.permitv.允许

n.许可证,执照

permissionn.允许,许

可,准许4.patiencen.忍耐,耐心

patientadj.有耐心的

impatientadj.不耐烦的

5.rudeadj.粗鲁的,不礼貌的

rudelyadv.粗鲁地;粗略地

rudenessn.粗鲁,不礼貌

6.presentadj.出席的

presencen.出席,到场7.adventuren.奇遇;冒险

adventurousadj.冒险

的,惊险的

adventurern.冒险者

用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空。

1).Theprincipal’s________(present)atthepartydidn’tseemtobeverywelcome.

2).Finallyhelosthis________(patient)andstartedtoyellathismother.

3).Itwouldbe_______(believe)thatsuchanhonestfellowshouldhavebetrayedhisfriends.

4).Myhusbandloves________(adventure)lifewhileIenjoyamorepeacefullife.

5).Hewaspunishedforhis_______(rude)tohisteacher.

6).Theyenteredtheareawithout.________(permit).

7)Youcannotenteramilitarybasewithouta_______(permit).

8).Theprisoners_________(permit)twohours’exerciseaday.

9).Thisgrandparkisarare_________(survive)fromtheeighteenthcentury.

Keys:1).presence2).patience3).unbelievable4).adventurous5).rudeness

6).permission7).permit8).are/werepermitted9).survivorⅢ.重点词汇(旨在提供词汇综合运用材料)

1.betn.赌;打赌v.打赌;赌钱

[典例]

1).Heoftenbetsa1otofmoneyonhorses.他经常在赛马上豪赌。

2).Ibetthatitwillraintomorrow.我敢肯定说明天一定会下雨。

[重点用法]

beton为某事打赌makeabeton为某事打赌win/loseabet打赌赢/输了

[练习]按要求翻译。

1).We________________________(打赌)theoutcomeofthenexthorserace.

2).他把所有的钱都用在赌马上。

______________________________________________________________________________________

Keys:1).makeabeton2).Hespendsallhismoneybettingonhorses.2.faultn.缺点;错误,过错;故障vt.挑剔,指责faultyadj.有缺点的;不完善的faultlessadj.不可挑剔的

[典例]

1).Ilikehimdespitehisfaults.虽然他有种种缺点,但我仍然喜欢他。

2).Noonecouldfaulthisperformance.他的演出无懈可击。

[重点用法]

findfault(withsb/sth)找(某人/事物的)错/茬儿;埋怨(某人/事物)It’sone’sfault是某人的过错

[练习]按要求翻译或填空。

1).Itwas______________(他的过错)thatwewerelate.

2).Ihavenofaulttofind_______(介词)yourwork.

3).她总是找我的茬儿。

______________________________________________________________________________________

Keys:1).hisfault2).with3).She’salwaysfindingfaultwithme.3.spotvt.发现;认出n.污点;斑点;地点spotlessadj.没有斑点的,干净的

[典例]

1).Shespottedherfriendinthecrowd.她在人群中认出了她的朋友。

2).Shewaswearingawhiteskirtwithredspots她穿着一件白底红点儿的裙子。

3).Thisistheveryspotwherehewasmurdered.他就是在这儿遭谋杀的。

[重点用法]

spotsb.doingsth.看到某人正在做某事onthespot=onthescene到(在)现场;当场

[练习]用spot的短语或其适当形式填空。

1).Thepolice______himdrivingastolencar.

2).Thepolicewere__________________withinafewminutesofmytelephonecall.

3).Hekeepshishouse_______.

Keys:1).spotted2).onthespot3).spotless4.passagen.通道;(书、讲话、音乐等的)一段,一节;经过,通过,消逝;旅费

[典例]

1).Theyweredeniedpassagethroughtheoccupiedterritory.他们被禁止穿越占领区。

2).HeworkedhispassagetoAustralia.他在去澳大利亚旅行的船上做工偿付船费。

[重点用法]

withthepassageoftime随着时间的推移

[练习]按要求翻译或填空。

1).Herconfidencegrew.______________(随着时间的推移)thatwewerelate.

2).Severalpassages_______(介词)thebookwereprintedinanationalnewspaperbeforeitwaspublished.

Keys:1).withthepassageoftime2).from5.accountn.说明;理由;计算,账目vi.vt.认为;说明;解释总;计有

[典例]

1).I’mgoingtothebanktoopenanewaccount.我去银行开个新账户。

2).Badweatheraccountedforthelongdelay.长期的延缓是因为坏天气。

[重点用法]

accountfor导致;做出解释;总计有onaccountof=becauseof因为openanaccount在银行开个户头

keepanaccountof记录,记载takesth.intoaccount/consideration考虑到某事

[练习]用account的短语填空。

1).TheLeaguemembersinourschool____________halfofthestudents.

2).Hedoesn’tdrinkalcohol______________hishealth.

3).Shecouldn’t______________herfoolishmistake.

Keys:1).accountfor2).onaccountof3).accountfor

6.seekvt.vi.(sought,sought)寻找;探索;寻求

[典例]

1).Youmustseekpermissionfromthemanager.你需请求经理批准。

2).Theexplanationisnotfartoseek.这种解释不难理解。

3).Theyareseekingtomisleadus.他们竭力误导我们。

[重点用法]

seek(for/after)sth./sb.寻找某人/某物seektodosth.试图做某事

seekhappiness/comfort/wealth/success追求幸福﹑安逸﹑财富、成功

[练习]用所给词的适当形式填空。

1).Ithinkit’stimewe________(seek)legaladvice.

2).Theyareseeking________(change)therules.

Keys:1).sought2).tochange7.amountn.数(量);总额vi.(to)合计;接近

[典例]

1).Canyoureallyaffordthisamount?你真付得起这个总数吗?

2).Thecostamountedto250.费用共达250英镑。

[重点用法]

a(large/small)amountof+n.[u]+v.(单数)(large/small)amountsof+n.[u]+v.(复数)

in(large/small)amounts[作状语]大(少)量地amountto...共达……,合计……

[练习]用amount的短语翻译或所给词的适当形式填空。

1).Dutingtheearthquake,alargeamountofdamage_______(do)inaveryshorttime.

2).Largeamountsofmoney_______(spend)rebuildingthetemple.

3).Atthattime,mallamountsofland_______(use)forkeepinganimals.

4).Foodwasprovided_____________________(供应多少不等).

5).Thetotalcostofrepairs______________(供应多少不等)US$100.

Keys:1).wasdone2).werespent3).wereused4).indifferentamounts5).amountedto8.bow[bau]vi.vt.鞠躬;弯腰[bu]n.[c]弓,蝴蝶结;鞠躬

[典例]

1).WeallbowedtotheQueen.我们都向女王鞠躬致敬。

2).Hisbackwasbowedwithage.他因年老而驼背。

[重点用法]

bowto/beforesb.向某人鞠躬bowtosth.向……低头;接受某事

[练习]用bow的短语或其适当形式填空。

1).Theboss____________thedemandsoftheworkers.

2).Thecast______astheaudienceapplauded.

Keys:1).bowedto2).bowedⅣ.重点词组(旨在提供词汇综合运用材料)

1.bringup培养;抚养;养育或教育某人;提出;呕吐某物

[典例]

1).Shebroughtupfivechildren.她养育了五个孩子。

2).Herparentsdiedwhenshewasababyandshewasbroughtupbyheraunt.她出生後不久

父母双亡,是由姑母抚养大的。

[重点用法]

bringsb.uptobe/as培养某人成为bringsb.uptodosth.培养某人要……

[练习]用bring的短语填空。

1).Hewas________________________authority(从小就受到尊敬师长的教育).

2).He____________agoodsuggestionatthemeeting.

3).Shewassosickthatshe____________allthatshehadhad.

Keys:1).broughtuptorespect2).broughtup/putforward3).broughtup2.goahead执行,进行,前进,(于祈使句)可以,往下说,用吧,开始吧

[典例]

1).Despitethebadweather,thejourneywillgoahead.尽管天气不好,旅行将照常进行。

2).Thebuildingofthenewbridgewillgoaheadasplanned.新桥的修建将按计划进行。

[短语归纳]

(be)aheadof在之前;领先于;胜过aheadoftime/inadvance提前

[练习]用ahead短语填空。

1).Afterapause,he_____________withhisspeech.

2).Thenewbridgewascompleted_____________________.

3)._____________________(径直向前走)for200metersandthenturnleft.

4).——CouldIuseyourbike?

——______________.

Keys:1).wentahead/on2).aheadoftime3).Gostraightahead4).Goahead3.byaccident=bychance偶然;无意中

[典例]

1).LasttimeIranacrossherinthestreetbyaccident.上次我偶然在街上碰见她。

2).Ionlyfounditbyaccident.我只是碰巧找到的。

[短语归纳]by+n.短语:

bycontrast对比之下bymistake错误地byhand用手,用体力bymachine用机器

[练习]用by+n.构成的词组填空。

1).IwasinsuchahurrythatItooksomeoneelse’sumbrella________.

2).Thesetoysaremade______insteadof______,sotheyareveryexpensive.

3).Shehadfoundthefile______.

Keys:1).byaccident/chance2).byhand;bymachine3).byaccident

4.tobehonest=totell(you)thetruth=honestlyspeaking老实说;说实话

[典例]

1).Tobehonest,Ihavenotimetodoit.老实说,我没有时间做这件事情。

2).Tobehonest,Idontthinkwehaveachanceofwinning.说实话,我认为我们没有获胜的可能.

[短语归纳]英语中表示“……说”的短语:

generallyspeaking一般来说exactlyspeaking确切地说tobefrank=franklyspeaking坦率地说

ingeneral一般地来说inotherwords换句话说orrather更确切地说

tosumup概括地说thatis也就是说

[练习]用表示“……说”的短语填空。

1).________,womenlivelongerthanmen.

2).Hegothomelatelastnight,_______earlythismorning.

3).________,Idon’tenjoytheperformance.

Keys:1).Generallyspeaking2).orrather3).Tobefrank/honest5.onthecontrary与此相反;正相反[只作状语]

[典例]

1).Itdoesn’tseemuglytome;onthecontrary,Ithinkit’sratherbeautiful.我觉得它并不丑,恰恰相反,它挺美。

2).Itwasn’tagoodthing;onthecontrary,itwasahugemistake.这并不是一件好事,相反,这是个巨大的错误。

[短语归纳]contrary短语:

tothecontrary(表明是)相反的;相反地[作定语和状语](be)contraryto违反(某事物);与……相反

[练习]用contrary短语填空。

1).Thecarisn’texpensive.__________________,it’squitecheap.

2).IwillcomeonMondayunlessyouwriteme__________________.

3).IwillcontinuetobelieveituntilIgetproof__________________.

4).Theresultswere____________expectation.

Keys:1).Onthecontrary2).tothecontrary3).tothecontrary4).contraryto6.takeachance=takechances冒险,碰运气

[典例]

Hetookabigchancewhenhemadetheinvestment.当时他投资时是冒了大风险的。

[短语归纳]chance短语:

haveagoodchance/nochance/notmuchchanceof(doing)sth/todosth/that....大有希望/没有可能/没什麽希望做某事

bychance:byaccident:accidentally:unintentionally偶然地;意外地;非有意地

thechancesare(that)...:itislikelythat...很可能……

givesb.achance给某人一个机会achanceoflifetime千载难逢的机会

[练习]用chance短语填空。

1).Theguidebookdidn’tmentiontherebeinganyhotels,butwedecidedto__________________.

2).Youshouldnever____________whendrivingacar.

3).Whatarethechances______(介词)hiscoming?

4).很可能她要来。

____________________________________________________________________________________________

5).我遇见她完全是偶然的。

____________________________________________________________________________________

Keys:1).takeachance2).takechances3).of

4).Thechancesarethat/It’slikelythatshe’llbecoming.5).Imetherquitebychance.7.asfor至于,关于

[典例]

Asforyou,yououghttobeashamedofyourself.至於你,你应该感到惭愧。

[短语归纳]contrary短语:

asto至于,关于;提到;就……而论(至于,说到)

[练习]翻译。

1).Hewasuncertain____________(至于)whichroadtotake.

2).Wouldyoubesokind______________(至于)helpmetomovethestone?

3).关于我的过去,我什么都不会告诉你。

___________________________________________________________________________________________

Keys:1).asto2).asto3).Asformypast,I’mnottellingyouanything.Ⅴ.重点句子(旨在提供句子结构等所需材料)

1.TowardsnightfallIfoundmyselfcarriedouttoseabyastrongwind.快到黄昏的时候,我发现自己被一阵大风刮到了大海上。

[解释]find+sb./sth.+宾语补足语=find+(that)+sb./sth.+谓语动词

搭配find+sb./sth.doing发现……在做……(主动)

findsb./sth.done发现……被做……(被动)

findoneselfin/at...发觉自己在某处/处于……

例如:

1).Ifoundthattheboywashidingbehindthedoor.=Ifoundtheboyhidingbehindthedoor.

2).Whendaybroke,wefoundourselvesinasmallvillageatthefootofthemountain.

[练习]用所给词的适当形式填空或翻译。

1).Ifoundtheboy_______(hide)behindthedoor.

2).Whendaybroke,we_____________________(发现我们到了一个村子里)asmallvillageatthefootofthemountain.

3).Thefilmstar________________________________(发觉自己被围住)agroupoffansimmediatelyhegotoffthecar.

4).Hefoundawallet________(lie)ontheground.

Keys:1).hiding2).foundourselvesin3).foundhimselfsurroundedby4).lying2.ThenextmorningI’djustaboutgivenmyselfupforlostwhenIwasspottedbyaship.第二天早上,正当我感到绝望时一船发现了我。

[解释]句中when为并列连词,译为“就在这时”,表示一种未预料到或突然发生的情况,常用于讲述过去发生的事情或故事。when常用于以下句型:

1).beabouttodo…when…正要做某事就……

2).beonthepointofdoing…when…正要做某事就……

3).bedoing…when…正在做某事就在这时……

4).hadjustdonesth.when...刚做完某事就……

5).hadhardlydone…when…几乎还没有做完某事就……

例如:

1).Hewasabouttogooutwhenitbagantorain.他正要出去时天下起雨来了。

2).I’djustfinishedmytestpaperwhenthebellrang.我刚做完试卷下课铃就响了。

3).Theboywasridingwhenhefelloffhisbike.那个小孩正在骑车,就在这时,摔了下来。

[练习]翻译句子。

1)他正要出去时天下起雨来了。

________________________________________________________________________________________

2)我刚做完试卷下课铃就响了。

________________________________________________________________________________________

3)那个小孩正骑着车,就在这时,摔了下来。

________________________________________________________________________________________

Keys:1).Hewasabouttogooutwhenitbagantorain.

2).I’djustfinishedmytestpaperwhenthebellrang.

3).Theboywasridingwhenhefelloffhisbike.3.Youmustcomewheneveryouwantandhavewhateveryoulike.您只要想来随时欢迎,您想吃什么尽管吃。

[解释](1)疑问词+ever可引导名词性从句,相当于anyonewho,anythingthat,anytimewhen等,用来加强语气

如:

1).Whoeversaysthatisaliar.说那话的人是个骗子。

2).I’llbelievewhateveryousay.我将相信你所说的一切。

3).Youcanchoosewhateveryoulikeintheshop.=Youcanchooseanythingthatyoulikeintheshop.

(2)疑问词+ever还可引导让步状语从句,相当于nomatter+疑问词。如:

1).Whoeverbreakstherule,hemustbepunished.=Nomatterwhobreakstherule,hemustbepunished.

2).Wheneveryouhaveproblems,youmayturntomeforhelp.=Nomatterwhenyouhaveproblems,youmayturntomeforhelp.

[练习]翻译。

1)._____________________(无论何时)youhaveproblems,youmayturntomeforhelp.

2).我将相信你所说的一切。

________________________________________________________________________________________

3).无论你说什么,我都相信你。

________________________________________________________________________________________

Keys:1).Whenever/Nomatterwhen2).I’llbelievewhateveryousay.

3).Whateveryousay,I’llbelieveyou./Nomatterwhatyousay,I’llbelieveyou.

课文要点(模块)

Ⅰ.课文词汇填空(旨在复习本课文中的单词拼写和主要词语等)

根据课文内容完成下面语法填空,注意单词拼写和词语用法:

ThetalewassetinLondonin1903.Henry,1American,wasrescuedintheseabyaccident.2(lose)inLondonandhavingnomoneyonhim,he3(游荡)inLondonstreets,4(hunger).Hewasspotbytworichbrothersandinvitedtostepintoahouse.Henrywasgivenan5(信封)withmoneyinitandaskednottoopenituntiltwop.m.Withtheenvelopeinhand,Henryentereda6(餐馆).Heorderedsomefood.After7(eat)Henryopenedtheletterandfound8wasamillionpoundbanknote.Theownerandthewaiter9(感到震惊).TheycouldntbelieveHenry10wasinragscouldbesorich.TheownerthankedHenryforhiscomingtohislittleeatingplaceandevenaskedHenrytoforgetthemealbill.

答案:1.an2.Lost3.waswandering4.hungry5.envelope6.restaurant7.eating8.it9.wereshocked10.who

Ⅱ.课文大意概括(旨在训练用30个单词概括大意的能力)

阅读课文,试着用30来个单词概括课文大意或将下面的短文译成英语。

亨利,一个身无分文的美国人,意外地在英国登岸。两个有钱的兄弟给了他一个装有百万英镑的信封,以及在一家餐馆发生在他身上的令人惊奇的故事。

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

答案:Henry,apennilessAmerican,landedinBritainbyaccident.Hewasgivenaletterwithamillionpoundnotebytworichbrothersandsomethingamazinghappenedtohiminarestaurant.

Ⅲ.课文佳句背诵与仿写(旨在培养对难句的理解和写作能力)

1ItisHenryAdams,anAmericanbusinessman,whoislostinLondonanddoesnotknowwhatheshoulddo.

[模仿要点]强调句型:itis+被强调的名词+,同位语,+that/who+并列谓语

就是林小姐,我的英语老师,她是一个善良的人,当我遇到困难的时候,她总是帮助我。

________________________________________________________________________________

答案:ItisMissLi,myEnglishteacher,whoisawarm-heartedwomanandalwayshelpsmewhenIamintrouble.

我的一个叫做Tom的朋友在上学的路上发现一只受伤的小鸟,他立刻把它送达附近的动物园。_______________________________________________________________________________

答案:ItwasTom,agoodfriendofmine,whofoundawoundedbirdonhiswaytoschoolandsentittothezoonearbywithouthesitation.2Itsamazinghowmuchpleasureyougetoutofthesimplethingsinlife,especiallyifyoucanthavethemforawhile.

[模仿要点]句子结构:itis+adj+that从句…especially+从句

千真万确我们从老师的表扬中获得很大的欢乐,尤其当我们身处麻烦和困境久了。

________________________________________________________________________________

答案:It’struethathowmuchjoywecangetfromtheteachers’praise,especiallywhenwemeetsomedifficultiesandareintroubleforawhile.

令人惊异的是李华这学期在学习方面取得那么大的进步,尤其自他有了自己的学习方法以后。

________________________________________________________________________________

答案:ItisamazinghowmuchprogressLiHuahasmadeinhisstudiesthisterm,especiallysincehehadhiswayoflearning.单元自测(模块)

1完形填空

阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从1—10各题所给的A、B、C和D项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

字数:230

完成时间:15分钟

难度:***

Jamessatoutsidetheofficewaitingfortheinterview.Hefeltso1thathedidntknowwhattodowith(the)2.Thepersonwhohadgoneinbeforehimhadbeenintherefornearlyanhour.Andshelookedsoconfident(自信的)whenshewentin,notlikeJames.Hefelt3thatshehadalreadygotthejob.Theproblemwasthathewantedthisjob4.Itmeant5tohim.Hehadthoughtitsuchalotbeforethedayoftheinterview.Hehadimaginedhimself6brilliantly(出色地)attheinterviewand7thejobimmediately.

Butnowherehewasfeelingterrible.Hecouldntrememberallthosethingshehadplannedtosay.Atthatmoment,healmostdecidedtogetupand8.Butnohehadtodothis.Hehadspentsomuchtimeconsideringitthathecouldntgivelikethat.Hishandswerehotandstickyandhismouthfeltdry.

Atlastthedooroftheofficeopened.Thewoman,whohadgoneinanhourearlier,cameout

lookingvery9withherself.ShesmiledsympatheticallyatJames.Atthemoment,Jameshatedher.Themanagingdirectorthenappearedattheofficedoor."Wouldyouliketocomeinnow,MrDavis?Imsorrytohavekeptyouwaiting.”Jamessuddenlywishedthathehadgonehomeafterall.Hegotup,legs10andforeheadsweatingandwonderedwhetherhelookedasterrifiedashefelt.

1.A.healthyB.nervousC.carelessD.confident

2.A.interviewerB.womanC.himselfD.situation

3.A.doubtfulB.sureC.angryD.astonished

4.A.hopelesslyB.naturallyC.easilyD.somuch

5.A.everythingB.happinessC.difficultyD.nothing

6.A.explainingB.performingC.answeringD.writing

7.A.offeredB.askedforC.beingofferedD.beingaskedfor

8.A.leaveB.goinC.prepareD.practise

9.A.uglyB.pleasedC.sadD.pretty

10.A.shakingB.bendingC.walkingD.stopped

答案:

本文通过对比的手法,描述了James面试前紧张不安、不知所措的心理状态。

l.B由后面的不知所措,可见其“紧张”。

2.C是他“自己”不知所措。

3.B从他后面担心得不到工作来分析,他是“确信”那位女士面试出色的。

4.D从他后面对这份工作的憧憬来看,他“十分”希望得到这份工作。

5.A前面说了他非常想得到这份工作,而且为面试做了精心准备,可见这一工作对他来说意味着“一切”。

6.B其他三个选项不能涵盖面试的方方面面。

7.C想象中面试出色,所以当场得到了那份工作。

8.A根据行文逻辑选定。

9.B由后面的行为来看,她对自己的面试表现是满意的。

10.A根据常识提供的信息:紧张时两腿“发抖”,这是正常现象。2.语法填空

阅读下面短文,按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求,在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空,并将答案填写在答题卡标号为1—10的相应位置上。

字数:143

完成时间:8分钟

难度:**

Inordertoknowaforeignlanguagethoroughly,fourthingsarenecessary.Firstly,wemustunderstandthelanguagewhenwehear1spoken.Secondly,wemustbeabletospeakitourselvescorrectlywithconfidenceandwithouthesitation.2,wemustbeabletoreadthelanguage,andfourthly,wemustbeabletowriteit.Wemustbeabletomakesentencesthataregrammaticallycorrect.

Thereisnoeasywaytosuccess3languagelearning.4goodmemoryisagreathelp,butitisnotenoughonly5(memorize)rulesfromagrammarbook.Itisnotmuchuselearningbyheartlonglistsofwordsand6meanings,studyingthedictionaryandsoon.Wemustlearnbyusingthelanguage.7wearesatisfiedwithonlyafewruleswehavememorized,wearenotreallylearningthelanguage.“Learnthroughuse”isagoodpieceof8(advise)forthose9arestudyinganewlanguage.Practiceisimportant.Wemustpractisespeakingand10(write)thelanguagewheneverwecan.

答案:

本文主要讲述了学习英语的一些好的方法。

1.it指代前面的foreignlanguage。

2.Thirdly根据上下文得知这是第三点。

3.in在语言学习方面没有容易取得成功的办法。

4.a好的记忆力有助于学习,memory为可数名词。

5.tomemorize不定式作真正主语。

6.their指代前面的words。

7.If前后是条件关系。

8.advice一条建议,此处应用名词。

9.who引导定语从句,先行词是those。

10.writing练习做某事应用practisedoingsth。3.阅读理解

阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

词数:329

完成时间:6分钟

难度:**

Iwanttotalkaboutasoldier.IsawhimyesterdayasmyhusbandandIwereenjoyingawonderfullunchinthecave-likediningroomofanoldhotel.

Itishardtoimaginebeingcomfortableinaroomthatprobablyseatsathousand,buttherealmagicoftheplaceisitswonderfulsetting.Everycomerisawoodandstonemasterpiece,withhighglasswindowsthatlookouttothehugecliffs(悬崖)ofthevalley.

Amanenteredwithhisfamilyandtookaseat.Hewasntinuniform,buthewalkedwiththedignityofasoldier,andaslightlimp(瘸).MysuspicionwasconfirmedwhenheremovedhishatandplaceditonthetablewhereIcouldseeit.Embroidered(绣)onthecapwerethewords:"IwoJimaSurvivor".

Astheywerewaitingforlunch,theotherstalkinghappily,thisgentlemanwasstatingoutofthewindow.Hewascontenttobeleftoutoftheconversationandallowedtotakeinthewonderfulandimpressiveviewofthewaterfall.

Iwatchedhim,andimaginedhowmuchhorrorhehadseeninthewar.Whatlossesdidhesuffer,andhowmanyfriendsdidhelose?Whathehadwitnessedshouldhavegivenhimagoodreasontolosefaithintheworld.Yetthistiredsoldierwassmilingatthesky,atthesunandtheroaringofthewaterfall.Somehow,aftereverything,theworldwasstillbeautifultohim.

Iwalkedovertohimandsaid,"Excuseme,sir.Imsorrytointerrupt,butIsawyourhat,andIjustwantedtosaythankyouforserving."

Helookedupatme,surprised,andsaidproudly,"Yourewelcome,andthankyou,too."

ItoldhimIwouldgohomeandtellmychildrenaboutthisexperiencethatIdmethim.

1.Theplacewheretheauthorenjoyedlunchwas__

A.onlyopentopeopleoftheupperclasses

B.oncevisitedbymanyfamouspeople

C.attractivebecauseofitsbeautifulsurroundings

D.modeledonscenesfromAmericanhistory

2.Whatconfirmedtheauthor’ssuspicionthatthemanwasasoldier?

A.Thewordsonhiscap.B.Thewayhesat.

C.Hisdisability.D.Thewayhewalked.

3.Whatdowelearnfromthepassage?

A.Theauthoratfirstthoughtthegentlemanwasfamous.

B.Thegentlemanstoodoutbecauseofhisuniform.

C.Thegentleman’sfamilydidn’tliketotalkwithhim.

D.Thegentlemanwasn’texpectingtheauthortothankhim.

4.Whatencouragedtheauthortotalktothesoldier?

A.Hisdisability.

B.Hisloneliness.

C.Hiscontributiontohiscountry.

D.Hisbraverytofightinthewar.

5.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsthesoldier?

A.Admiring.B.Satisfied.C.Sympathetic.D.Doubtful.

答案:

作者和丈夫在一家看起来像洞穴似的饭店用餐时,见到了一位没穿制服但极具军人气质的瘸腿士兵。这名士兵虽然在战争中经历了很多困苦,甚至可能失去了朋友,但是他对这个世界仍然充满着希望。

1.C细节理解题。根据第二段中的“…buttherealmagicoftheplaceisitswonderfulsetting.”可知C正确。

2.A细节理解题。根据第三段的“MysuspicionwasconfirmedwhenheremovedhishatandplaceditonthetablewhereIcouldseeit.Embroideredonthecapwerethewords:‘IwoJimaSurvivor’.”可知,是帽子上的字最终使作者确信他是一名士兵。

3.D推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Helookedupatme,surprised,andsaidproudly,‘You’rewelcome,andthankyou,too.’”可知他没有想到在这个地方会有人对他表示感谢。

4.C推理判断题。从作者对那名士兵说的话“…andIjustwantedtothankyouforserving.”可知C正确。

5.A作者态度题。从第五段可以看出,这名战士虽然在战场上失去了很多,但他仍觉得现实生活还是很美好的,这种心态让作者很赞赏。从最后一段“ItoldhimIwouldgohomeandtellmychildrenaboutthisexperiencethatI’dmethim.”可知,作者对这名士兵非常敬佩。

4.基础写作

[写作内容]

时间

上星期六下午

地点

在中山公园里的湖边

事件

我和朋友在散步,湖中一个女孩在呼救。我们跳进湖中救人,对她做了人工呼吸。孩子恢复知觉后,被送进医院。我们打电话通知孩子的家长,孩子得救了。

评价

家长很感激,医生对我们的急救给予高度评价。

感受

懂得急救知识很重要。

[写作要求]

1.必须使用5个句子介绍全部所给的内容。

2.将5个句子组织成连贯的一篇短文,使用必要的连接词。

________________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________________

答案:

OntheafternoonoflastSaturday,myfriendandIwerepracticingdrawingbythelakeinZhongshanParkwhensuddenlyweheardagirlcallingforhelpinthelake.Wehurriedtojumpintothelakewithouttakingoffourclothes,swamtowardsherandpulledherout.Wemadeherbreatheusingmouth-to-mouthwaybeforeshecametoherself.Thenshewassenttohospitalandwetelephonedthegirlsparents.Afterwards,weweretoldthatthegirlwassavedbecauseofthetimelyrescue.

Herparentswereverythankfultousandthedoctorsthoughthighlyofourfirstaid,whichmadeusrealizethatknowingfirstaidisveryimportantforeveryone.

高考一轮复习黄金学案――Unit 4 Wildlife Protection(必修二)


经验告诉我们,成功是留给有准备的人。高中教师要准备好教案,这是老师职责的一部分。教案可以让讲的知识能够轻松被学生吸收,有效的提高课堂的教学效率。写好一份优质的高中教案要怎么做呢?经过搜索和整理,小编为大家呈现“高考一轮复习黄金学案――Unit 4 Wildlife Protection(必修二)”,欢迎您参考,希望对您有所助益!

高考一轮复习黄金学案――Unit4WildlifeProtection(必修二)语言要点单元要点预览(旨在让同学整体了解本单元要点)

词汇

部分

词语

辨析

1.contain/include2.reserve/keep/preserve3.reduce/decrease4.fierce/wild/violent(未调顺序)

词形

变化

1.powern.能力powerfuladj.强有力的;力量大的powerfullyadv.强有力地;力量大地2.appreciatev.理解并欣赏;赏识;高度评价appreciationn.欣赏;感激appreciativeadj.有欣赏力的;表示赏识的;感激的3.succeedv.成功;做成;达到目的successn.成功;成就;成名;发财;胜利;达到目的successfuladj.获得成功的;取得成效的;达到目的的

重点

单词

1.wildadj.野生的,野的,未驯化的;无居民的,荒凉的2.dieout(指物种)死光;灭绝,火慢慢熄灭3.huntvt.猎取;搜索4.distantn.(空间或时间)远隔的,遥远的5.mercyn.仁慈;宽恕;宽容;恩惠;幸运

重点

词组

1.payattentionto注意2.dieout(指物种)死光;灭绝,火慢慢熄灭3.comeintobeing形成;产生(不可用于被动语态或进行时态)

重点句子

1.Sheturnedaroundandtherewasanantelopewithasadfacelookingather.2.Theysetthenumberofanimalstobehunted.

重点语法

现在进行时的被动语态(见语法部分)Ⅰ词语辨析(旨在提供完形填空所需材料)1.contain/includecontain强调主语含有某种成分或装有某物。如:include强调主语包含的人或物是主语的一部分。所以include常译为“包括”。including…“包括……”,是十分常见的表达形式。用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空1).Thelist________hisname.2).Beer__________alcohol.Keys:1).included2).contains2.reserve/keep/preservereserve正式用词,指为了将来的用途或其他用途而保存、保留。keep最常用词,指长时间牢固地保持合伙保存。preserve主要指为防止损害、变质等而保存。用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空1).Willyou_______thesedocumentsforus?2).Insummer,largecropsoffruitmaybe________byfreezing.3).Allthefrontseatsare_________forforeignguests.Keys:1).keep2).preserved3).reserved3.reduce/decreasereduce强调在“数量、大小,程度或强度”方面下降或减少。decrease侧重强调“稳定地,逐渐地,不断地”减少用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空1).Theworkers_______theirwagedemands.2).Lackofsuccess_________confidence.Keys:1).reduced2).decreased4.fierce/wild/violentfierce指人或兽的凶猛残酷。wild既可指自然界的荒芜,未被驯化状态,又指人的无法无天,不文明的野蛮行为。violent指人时侧重极为不安、异常激动,暗含有暴力行为;也指破坏性的或不可控制的自然力量。用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空1).Sheisafraidofhis_________looks.2).Whowasthat_________oldlady?3)._______criminalslikethatareadangertosociety.Keys:1).wild2).fierce3).violentⅡ词性变化(旨在提供语法填空所需材料)1.powern.能力powerfuladj.强有力的;力量大的powerfullyadv.强有力地;力量大地2.appreciatev.理解并欣赏;赏识;高度评价appreciationn.欣赏;感激appreciativeadj.有欣赏力的;表示赏识的;感激的3.succeedv.成功;做成;达到目的successn.成功;成就;成名;发财;胜利;达到目的successfuladj.获得成功的;取得成效的;达到目的的用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空1)Iwilldoeverythinginmy________tohelpyou.(power)2)Heisvery_________built.(power)3)Elephantshave_________legs.(power)4)Sheshowslittleorno________ofgoodmusic.(dusk)5)Yourhelpwasgreatly_________.(dusk)6)Immost_________ofyourgenerosity.(add)7)Hewasnta________asateacher.(add)8)Ifatfirstyoudont________,try,tryagain.(add)9)Myfinalattempttofixitwas__________.Keys:1)power2)powerfully3)powerful4)appreciation5)appreciated6)appreciative7)success8)succeed9)successfulⅢ重点词汇(旨在提供综合运用所需材料)1.wildadj.野生的,野的,未驯化的;无居民的,荒凉的[典例]1).Heenjoysfilmingwildanimals.他喜欢拍摄野生动物。2).Wewalkedintoawildmountainregion.我们走进荒无人烟的山区。[重点用法]bewildaboutsth/sb(对某事物[某人])极热心或热爱bewildwith…因……而发狂[练习]中译英1).群众欣喜若狂。_____________________________________________________________________________________2).孩子们都特别喜欢这个新计算机。_____________________________________________________________________________________Keys:1).Thecrowdwentwildwithdelight.2).Thechildrenarewildaboutthenewcomputer.

2.reliefn.(痛苦﹑困苦﹑忧虑等的)减轻或解除[典例]1).Thedruggivessomerelieffrompain.这种药可以减轻一些痛苦。2).Ibreathed/heavedasighofreliefwhenIheardhewassafe.我听到他平安的消息时才松了一口气。[重点用法](much)toone’srelief使某人大为放心;使某人深感宽慰[练习]中译英1).我最庆幸的是没有迟到。_____________________________________________________________________________________2).见到你在这儿也就放心了。_____________________________________________________________________________________Keys:1).Tomygreatrelief/Muchtomyrelief,Iwasntlate.2).Itsagreatrelieftofindyouhere.3.huntvt.猎取;搜索[典例]1).Wolveshuntinpacks.狼是成群猎食的。2).Policearehuntinganescapedcriminal.警方正在追捕逃犯。[重点用法]huntfor试图找到(某物[某人])huntafter探求;追求[练习]中译英1).我在寻找一本失去的书。2).许多人一生追求成名,但一无所获。Keys:1).Iamhuntingforalostbook.2).Manypeoplehuntafterfameintheirlivesbutneverfindit.4.distantn.(空间或时间)远隔的,遥远的[典例]1).Theairportisabouttenmilesdistantfromthecity.机场距离城市大约十英里远。2).Sheisadistantcousinofmine.她是我的远房表妹。[重点用法]bedistantwith/towardswithsb.对……冷淡[练习]中译英1).这两种学说之间没有什么关联。_____________________________________________________________________________________2).她对妈妈总是很冷淡。_____________________________________________________________________________________Keys:1).Thereisadistantconnectionbetweenthetwotheories.2).Sheisalwaysdistantwithhermother.5.mercyn.仁慈;宽恕;宽容;恩惠;幸运[典例]1).Theyshowedmercytotheirenemies.他们对敌人很仁慈。2).Itsamercyshewasnthurtintheaccident.她在事故中未受伤,真幸运。[重点用法]atthemercyofsb/sth任由某人[某事物]摆布或控制havemercyon/upon对……有怜悯心[练习]中译英1).那只船在暴风雨中失去控制_____________________________________________________________________________________2).可怜可怜我们吧。_____________________________________________________________________________________Keys:1).Theshipwasatthemercyofthestorm.2).Havemercyonus!Ⅳ重点词组(旨在提供综合运用所需材料)词组1.payattentionto注意[典例]1).PleasepayattentiontowhatIamsaying.请注意我说的话。2).Sheturnedherattentiontoanewproblem.她把注意力转移到一个新问题上。[短语归纳]catchsbsattention吸引某人的注意drawattentiontosth.注意某事物giveonesattentionto注意……[练习]中译英1).报纸的大标题引起他的注意。_____________________________________________________________________________________2).她要我注意报告中的一处错误。_____________________________________________________________________________________Keys:1).Anewspaperheadlinecaughthisattention.2).Shedrewmyattentiontoanerrorinthereport.2.dieout(指物种)死光;灭绝,火慢慢熄灭[典例]1).Themothshabitatisbeingdestroyedandithasnearlydiedout.这种蛾子因栖息地正受到破坏,几乎绝种了。[短语归纳]dieaway减弱(以至觉察不到);淡化diedown逐渐降低;减弱bedying垂死的bedyingfor/todosth.渴望dieof死于(饥饿;病)diefrom死于(外界引起的)diehard很难改变;顽固[练习]用die构成的词组填空1).Thenoiseofthecar________inthedistance.2).Theoldtraditionsare_________.3).Theman_________awound4).Im________somethingtoeat.Keys:1).diedaway2).dyingout3).diedfrom4).dyingfor3.comeintobeing形成;产生(不可用于被动语态或进行时态)[典例]Dinosaurslivedontheearthtensofmillionsofyearsago,longbeforehumanscameintobeing.千百万年前,恐龙就在地球上生活,比人类的出现要早得多。[短语归纳]comeintoeffect实施comeintouse投入使用comeintopower上台执政[练习]用come的相关词汇填空1).Whendidtheworld_________?2).Thenewseat-beltregulations__________lastweek.3).Whendidthisword___________?Keys:1).comeintobeing2).cameintoeffect3).comeintouseⅤ重点句子(旨在提供句子结构等所需材料)1.Sheturnedaroundandtherewasanantelopewithasadfacelookingather.她转过身看到一只羚羊带着忧郁的神色望着她。[解释]此句可改成:Sheturnedaroundandtherewasanantelopewhichwaslookingatherwithasadface.“withasadfacelookingather”为with的复合结构,即with+名词、代词(介词宾语)+v.-ing(宾补)。可充当宾补的还有分词、不定式、形容词、副词及介词短语。简单总结为:with+宾语+-v.-ed/v.-ing/todo)作伴随状语或定语[典例]Withsomestudentsfollowingbehind,hecamein.[练习]中译英1).站着的时候不要把手插在口袋里。_____________________________________________________________________________________2).新老板很担心,因为有很多事要处理。_____________________________________________________________________________________Keys:1).Dontstandwithyourhandsinyourpockets.2).Withalotofthingtobesolved,thenewbossworriedalot.2.Theysetthenumberofanimalstobehunted.他们拨出一定数量的动物供人们捕猎。[解释]tobehunted为动词不定式的被动式,在此作animals的后置定语。不定式作定语时,在句中如果能找到不定式动作的执行者,常用不定式的主动式,找不到时常用不定式的被动式。[典例]Thefirstthingtobedoneistotidyuptheoffice.Thefirstthingforyoutodoistotidyuptheoffice.[练习]中译英1).在我们出发之前,这辆车必须修理一下。_____________________________________________________________________________________2).会议明天举行。_____________________________________________________________________________________Keys:1).Thecarneedstoberepairedbeforewestart.2).Themeetingistobeheldtomorrow.课文要点1课文词汇等填空(旨在复习本课文中的单词拼写和主要词语等)根据课文内容完成下面语法填空,注意单词拼写和词语用法:Daisydesiredtohelp1(endanger)speciesofwildlifebecausealargenumberofanimalsaredying2.Oneday,aflyingcarpettookhertoa3(遥远)land,4shecouldfindantelopes5gavefurtomakesweaters.Thenshemetanelephantin!--?xml:namespaceprefix=st1ns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags"/--Zimbabweandwastoldthatelephantsusedtobehuntedwithout6.Butnowpeopleknowthe7(重要)ofwildlife8(protect).答案:1.endangered2.out3.distant4.where5.that/which6.mercy7.importance8.protection2课文大意概括(旨在训练用30个单词概括大意的能力)阅读课文,试着用30个单词概括课文大意,再比较答案文章讲述了Daisy的经历。她到西藏,津巴布韦和热带雨林游览,在那她发现一些动物濒意识到临灭绝,由此她保护动物的重要性。Thepassagetellsus_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案:ThepassagetellsusDaisy’sexperience.ShevisitedTibet,Zimbabweandarainforest,whereshefoundthatsomeanimalsareindangerandrealizedtheimportanceofprotectinganimals.3课文佳句背诵与仿写(旨在培养对难句的理解和运用能力)1.PleasetakemetoadistantlandwhereIcanfindtheanimalsthatgavefurtomakethissweater.请带我到遥远的地方,在那里我可以发现为制作这件毛衣而提供毛绒的那种动物。[模仿要点]句子结构:定语从句1(where)+定语从句2我知道有这么一个地方盛产西瓜,而且西瓜含糖高。_______________________________________________________________________________答案:Iknowthereisaplacewhereyoucanfindwatermelonseverywherewhichissugary.我们已经处于这样的处境---我们不得不马上解决我们面临的问题。_______________________________________________________________________________答案:Weareputintosuchapositionwherewehavetosolvetheproblemswhichwearefacedwith.2.Theylivedontheearthtensofmillionsofyearsago,longbeforehumanscameintobeing.千百万年,恐龙就在地球上生活,比人类的出现要早得多。[模仿要点]句子结构:…+longbefore….:早在你告诉我之前很久我就知道他们被邀请来参加晚会的消息。_______________________________________________________________________________答案:Iknewthenewsthattheywereinvitedtotheparty,longbeforeyoutoldme.在我认识他们之前的很久他们就互相认识了。_____________________________________________________________________________
答案:TheyhadknowneachotherlongbeforeIknewthem.单元自测1完形填空阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从21—30各题所给的A、B、C和D项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。字数:198完成时间:13分钟难度:***Itisa21day.IgotintouchwithMichaelwhomIhavebeenlosing22foroneyear.Wehavelostcontactsinceourlast23inmysenior3.HementionedtomeinhislastletterthathewaspreparingforgoingtotheUKto24hiseducation.I,shamefully,wastoobusytoreplyhismailthen.WhenIwas25totheZJUandwonthefinalfreedom,IthoughthehadalreadybeeninUKsoIhadno26wheretowritehim.Iusedtothinkthatwewouldnever27again.However,Ifoundout28thatheisstillinPRC.Ieventuallygothimonthephone.Hewasverysurprised.Lifeis29inmomentssuchlikethis.Oldfriendsmeetagainsurprisingly;theylookatthefaceofeachother,andrecognizetheoldpal.Itissuchmomentthatmakesmefeelgratefultolife:wheneverIsetoffforanew30,IseeIhavefriendsinthesamedirection,withwhomIwontfeelaloneanymore.21.A.celebratingB.terrifying.C.surprisingD.shamefully22.A.joinB.contactC.connectD.relate23.A.friendshipB.roommateshipC.correspondenceD.relationship24.A.receiveB.continueC.keepD.further25.A.recommendedB.commandedC.congratulatedD.achieved26.A.suggestionB.helpC.idea.D.thought27.A.meetB.seeC.helpD.communicate28.A.sadlyB.excitedlyC.astonishedlyD.worriedly29.A.enjoyableB.unforgettableC.responsibleD.patient30.A.systemB.ambitionC.achievementD.destination内容概要:本文讲述了这篇文章描述了两位很久没见面的老学友重逢的高兴和感慨-我们应感恩生活。答案解析:21.选A.老朋友相见是一件值得庆祝的事情。22.选B.下文有losecontact。23.选C.文章下文有“thelastletter”,作者与同学的高三毕业后的第一次通信(correspondence)。24.选D.作者的旧学友到英国去深造。25.选A.作者被推荐到大公司工作。不能是commanded“命令”也不能是congratulated“恭喜”和achieved“获得”26.选C作者没法知道旧学友的地址,故不知道怎么联系。havenoidea“不知道”。27.选A.作者和同学再次见面。28.选B.作者和旧学友再次见面,当然是令人高兴的事情。29.选A.作者见到旧学友非常高兴,自然会感叹“Lifeisenjoyable.”。30.选D.作者感恩生活,无论自己往哪个目标,都会有朋友并肩前行。2语法填空阅读下面短文,按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求,在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空,并将答案填写在答题卡标号为31-40的相应位置上。字数:155完成时间:9分钟难度:***HereisaSHORTHISTORYOFWESTERNPAINTINGforyounow.31isknowntoall,thestylesofWesternart32(change)manytimes,whileChinesearthaschanged33often.During34MiddleAges,themainpurposeofapainterwastorepresentreligiousthemes.35bythe13thcenturypaintersbegantopaintmorerealistically.IntheRenaissance,painterstriedtopaintpeopleandnatureasthey36were.Andtheylearnedtodrawthingsinperspective.37late19thtoearly20thcentury,theimpressionistpainterswantedtoshow38lightandshadowfellonobjects.From20thcenturytonow,39haveappearedscoresofmodemartandstyles.Newstylesofpaintingareexpected40(come)intobeinginthefuture.答案:31.As32.haschanged33.1ess34。the35.But36.really37.From38.how39.there40.tocome31.As.引导定语从句,as代替整个主句:32.haschanged,有manytimes用现在完成时,且后一句的对比也用了现在完成时:33.1ess与manytimes形成对比;34.thetheMiddleAges专有名词,“中世纪”(欧洲历史上从公元1000年到1450年)35.But表示转折;36.really副词做状语。37.from因from...to...表示从“(什么时候)到(什么时候)”:38.how.引导宾语从句,在从句本身做方式状语。39.there.因thereappear...是therebe…句型的变体。40.tocome表示将来,故用不定式:3阅读理解阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。词数:403完成时间:8分钟难度:*****TheAmericanWestwardMovementwasamovementofpeoplefromthesealedregionstolandsfartherwest.Betweentheearly17thandlate19thcenturies,Anglo-AmericanpeoplesandtheirsocietiesexpandedfromtheAtlanticCoasttothePacificCoastbygreatlyexpandingthenation’sborders,andtheUnitedStatesbecameapowerfulnationinthe20thcentury.However,thisexpansionalsoresultedingreatsufferinganddestruction,andapainfullossofcultureforNativeAmericans.SomeoftheNativeAmericantribes(部落)oftheGmatPlainswerehuntersandgatherers.MosttribesintheSouthwestwerehuntersandfarmers.InthePacificNorthwest,tribesweretradersandfishermen,andreliedonriversrichwithallsortsoffish.Westwardexpansiondestroyedresourcesanddamagedtheenvironment,thusdestroyingtheabilityofNativeAmericanstosupportthemselves.Inaddition,thepioneerscarrieddiseasesthatkilledthousands.SomeNativeAmericansfoughtagainstthecomingofwhitesettlers.ThemostfamousconflictstookplaceontheGreatPlains,wheremanytribesfoughtagainsttheU.S.Armyinseveralwarsbetween1855and1877.NativeAmericanswonsomebigvictories,includingthefamousdefeatofGeorgeCusteronMontanasLittleBighornRiverin1876,butwerefinallysuppressed(镇压),andthenforcedtoreservations(居留地).In1877theNezPercetribefoughtan.unsuccessfulattempttoescapetoCanada.SouthwesternApachepeoples,withtheirmostfamousleader,Geronimo,foughtagainsttheoccupationoftheirlandsuntil1886.However,itwasntaconflictthatdestroyedindependentNativeAmericanculture;itwasthegreatnumberofwhitesealersthattookoverNativeAmericanlands,andthewaysinwhichthesesettlerstransformedtheWest.NewlawslimitedNativeAmericanstoreservationsandforcedthemtotakemeager(贫困的)governmenthandouts.Governmentpolicytriedtoassimilate(同化)thetribesintowhitesocietybyreducingnativecultureandtryingtomakeNativeAmericansfollowwhitecustoms.TheDawesActof1887aimedtoputanendtothereservations,anddecreasetheimportanceofthetribesbyhandingoutreservationlandtoindividualnatives.Between1887and1934,dozensofreservationsweredestroyed,andNativeAmericanlandswerereducedfrom150millionareasto48million.Luckily,however,despitethepoorlivingconditionsonmanyreservationseventothisday,NativeAmericanshavemanagedinmanycasestokeepmuchoftheircultureandidentity.41.Bywritingthispassagetheauthorintendsto_________.A.showtheimportanceoftheWestwardMovementintheUnitedStatesB.introducethehistoryofsettlementduringtheWestwardMovementC.showthepainfullossofnativewaysoflifeduringtheWestwardMovementD.criticizewhiteAmericansforsuppressingthenativesanddestroyingtheircultures42.Intheauthor’sopinion,theNativeAmericanssufferedmostfrom__________.A.thediseasescarriedbythewhitesB.thelossoftheirlandsC.thewarsagainstthewhitesettlersD.culturalassimilationbywhites43.NativeculturewasfirstcutdownintheprocessofWestwardMovementmainlybythe___________.A.conflictsB.reservationsC.newlawsD.policiesofassimilation44.TheDawesActof1887wascarriedoutto__________.A.maketheoccupationoflandsbywhiteslawfulB.destroynativemeansoflivingC.weakennativecultureandidentityD.establishthewhitesrule45.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.Thewriterisrelievedthatsomenativeculturehasbeensaved.B.Nativelandswerereducedbecausethenativesweredefeatedbythewhims.C.Nativeculturesonlyexistonreservationsnow.D.Thenativeswerentashealthyasthewhites.答案:本文是一篇历史性的夹叙夹议文,文章主要陈述了美国西进运动对当地的北美居民的影响。41.C。作者态度题。文章的意旨是介绍西进运动中北美当地居民的文化的丧失,所以应该选择C。42.D。推理判断题。根据文章第二段的描述美国当地居民在白人对当地居民进行文化同化中损失最大。43.A。推理判断题。从本段的文字“However,itwasn’taconflictthatdestroyedindependentNativeAmericanculture;itwasthegreatnumberofwhitesettlersthattookoverNativeAmericanlands,andthewaysinwhichthesesettlerstransformedtheWest.”也可以看出美国印第安文化并没有被摧毁,只能在某些程度上被削弱了。44.C。推理判断题。最后一段说政府制定了政策来同化北美当地居民,所以应该选择C。45.A。推理判断题。根据Luckily,however,despitethepoorlivingconditionseventothisday,NativeAmericanshavemanagedinmanycasestokeepmuchoftheircultureandidentity.可以推断A正确。4.读写任务阅读下面的短文,然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文:About43yearsago,IwasaninstructorinthemilitarycollegeatWoolwich,whenyoungScoresbywasgivenhisfirstexamination.Ifeltextremelysorryforhim.Everybodyansweredthequestionswell,intelligently,whilehedidnotknowanything,sotospeak.Hewasanice,pleasantyoungman.Itwaspainfultoseehimstandthereandgiveanswersthatwerewondersofstupidity.Iknewofcoursethatwhenexaminedagainhewouldfailandbethrownout.So,Isaidtomyself,itwouldbeasimple,harmlessacttohelphimasmuchasIcould.ItookhimasideandfoundheknewalittleaboutJuliusCesarshistory.Buthedidnotknowanythingelse.So,Itestedhimandworkedhimlikeaslave.Imadehimwork,overandoveragain,onafewquestionsabout,whichIknewhewouldbeasked.Hecamethroughverywellonthedayoftheexamination.Hegothighpraisetoo,whileotherswhoknewathousandmorethanheweresharplycriticized!Ithoughtthatwhatintheendwoulddestroyhimwouldbethemathematicsexamination.Idecidedtomakehisendaspainlessaspossible.So,Ipushedfactsintohisstupidheadforhours.Finally,however,Iwasshockedoutofmymind.Hetookthefirstprize!Andhegotthehighestpraise.[写作内容]1)以约30个词概括短文的要点.2)然后以约120个词写一篇记叙文,描写你了解的某人一次靠不断努力取得成功的经历,并包括如下的要点:①叙述你了解的某人靠不断努力取得成功的一次真实或虚构的经历。②别人对此事如何评价。[写作要求]1.作文中可使用自己的亲身经历或虚构的故事,也可以参照阅读材料的内容,但不得直接引用原文中的句子;标题自定。2.作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。[评分标准]概括准确,语言规范,内容合适,篇章连贯。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________[答案]PerseveranceCreatesMiraclesHisinstructorshelpandhisdiligencemadeScoresby,astupidmilitaryman,didbetterthanothersinthehistoryexaminationandevenwonthefirstprizeinthemathsexamination.Thisstoryremindsmeofasimilarexperienceofmyseatmate.Hewasreallyabasketballfan.Soyoucanimaginehowangryanddisappointedhisparentswereeverytimetheresultofanexamcameout!Hehadbeenthelastinthelistofthewholegrade!Everybodyaroundmyseatmatebelievedhimhopeless.However,whenhebecameastudentofSeniorThree,forsomereason,hebegantostudyveryhard,orrather,alldayandallnight.Despitethefactthathewasquiteoftenlaughedatandlookeddownupon,hekeptonstudying.Toeverybodyssurprise,hewasfinallyadmittedintoafamousuniversityinGuangdongProvince.Infact,nothingisimpossibleandperseverancecreatesmiracles。

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