一名优秀的教师在教学方面无论做什么事都有计划和准备，高中教师要准备好教案，这是每个高中教师都不可缺少的。教案可以保证学生们在上课时能够更好的听课，帮助高中教师营造一个良好的教学氛围。写好一份优质的高中教案要怎么做呢？以下是小编为大家精心整理的“高考英语二轮专题复习10情景交际”，希望对您的工作和生活有所帮助。

情景交际

1.日常交际应答语
①应答对方的感谢；
②应答对方的道歉；
③应答对方的劝告和建议；
④应答对方的请求；
⑤应答对方的要求；
⑥应答对方的邀请；
⑦应答对方的祝愿、祝贺；
⑧应答对方的鼓励和赞扬；
⑨应答对方的帮助。
2.情感态度的表达
①表示惊奇；
②表示同情；
③表示安慰；
④表示鼓励；
⑤表示同意；
⑥表示不同意；
⑦表示不在乎。
3.日常交际问答
①问候；
②问时间、日期；
③打电话；
④购物；
⑤问路。
4.几个常考的交际用语
①Italldepends!(视情况而定）；
②whatif(倘若......会怎么样）；
③Whatfor?(做什么用，为什么）；
④Sowhat?(那又怎么样）；
⑤Gotit!(明白了）；
⑥Takeyourtime.(别着急）；
⑦Takeiteasy.(放松点）；
⑧It’supto…（由……决定）。

I.日常交际应答语
1.感谢与应答
感谢
Thankyouverymuch.
Thanksalot.
Manythanks.
应答
Thatsallright.
Thanksforhelpingme.
Yourewelcome.
ThatsOK.
Notatall.
It’smypleausre.
Don’tmentionit.
It’snothing.
Thinknothingofit.
Forgetit.
2.道歉与应答
道歉
Imsorry.
Imsorrytotroubleyou.
I’msorrytohavekeptyouwaiting.
应答
Itdoesntmatter.
Itsnotimportant.
Thats/It’snothing.
Notatall.
Nevermind.
That’sallright.
Forgetit.
That’sOK.
Noproblem.
Nottoworry.
3.劝告、建议与应答
劝告和建议
Ithinkyououghtto…我想你应该……
IfIwereyou,I’d…如果我是你，我会……
Itmightbeagoodideaifyou…如果你……这倒是个好主意。
Haveyoueverthoughtof…?你是否想过要……？
Irecommendthat……我建议……
Istronglyadviseyouto……我极力主张你……
Youreallyoughtto……你的确应该……
Personally,Ithinkyou’dbetter……依我看，你最好……
Whynotdo……?为什么不……？
Whydon’tyoudo……?你为什么不……？
Isuggestthat……我建议……
Whataboutdoing……?……怎么样？
Howaboutdoing……?……怎么样？
Shallwe……?我们去……好吗？
Let’s……,shallwe?让我们去……好吗？
Youneed(to)……你需要……
应答
肯定的：
Goodidea.
That’sgreat.
Soundsgreat.
Itsoundsgreat.
That’sfine.
Whynot?
否定的：
I’dloveto,but…
I’mafraid…
It’sanidea,but…
4.请求与应答
请求
MayI...?
CanI？
CouldI...?
DoyoumindifI…
应答
肯定的：
Withpleasure.
Certainly(Ofcourse)
Sure,goahead.
Yes,helpyourself.
OfCoursenot,goahead(回答DoyoumindifI…的请求)
否定的：
I’mafraidnot.
Betternot.
I’dratheryoudidn’t.
5.应答对方的要求
肯定的：
Allright.
Iwill.
否定的：
Noway.
Forgetit.
—Doremembertocallmeupwhenyouarrive.—Iwill.
—IthinkyoushouldphoneJennyandsaysorrytoher.—Noway.Itwasherfault.
6.邀请与应答
邀请
Wouldyouliketo…?
Whydon’twe…?
应答
肯定的：
Thatwouldbefine.
Tha’sverykindofyou.
Allright.
Yes,I’dloveto.
否定的：
I’dloveto,but…
Sorry,Ican’t.
I’mafraidIcan’t.
7.祝愿、祝贺与应答
祝愿、祝贺
Goodluck!
Bestwishestoyou.
Haveanice/goodtime/journey.
Congratulations!
HappyNewYear!
MerryChristmas!
Happybirthdaytoyou.
应答
Thankyou!
Thesametoyou.
You,too.
—HappyNewYear!(MerryChristmas!)
—Thesametoyou.(You,too.)
8.鼓励、赞扬与应答
鼓励、赞扬
Verygood.
Welldone.
Wonderful.
Excellent.
Comeon.
Keeptrying.
Youcandoit.
应答
Thankyou.
OK.
I’lltryitagain.
9.提供帮助与应答
主动提供帮助时：
CanIhelpyou？
WhatcanIdoforyou
Wouldyoulikemetohelpyou？
Doyouwantmeto…
Letme…
需要别人帮助时：
Yes，please
ThankyouforyourhelpThanks.
不需要别人帮助时：
No，thankyouthankyouallthesame.
That’sverykindofyou,but…
II.情感态度的表达
1.表示惊奇
Really?
Howcome?（何以会……？为什么）
Whatasurprise！
Oh，dear！
Goodheavens!
2.表示同情
I’msorrytohearthat.
Don’tworry.
Whatapity!
That’sreallyunlucky.
Badluck.
Justmyluck.
3.表示安慰
Don’tworry.
Don’tbeafraid.
Takeyourtime.
Takeiteasy.
Makeyourselfathome.
It’squiteallright.
It’llbeOK.
4.表示鼓励
Comeon.
Cheerup.
Youcandoit.
Youwillmakeit.
5.表示同意
Iquiteagree.
Icouldn’tagreemore.
Exactly.
Certainly.
Absolutely.
Ofcourse.
Allright.
That’sagoodidea.
Noproblem.
Ithinkso.
6.表示不同意
Notreally.
NotExactly.
Idon’tquiteagree.
Idon’tthinkso.
I’mafraidnot.
It’shardtosay.
Well,that’sdepend.
Noway.
Ofcoursenot.
7.表示不在乎
Sowhat?
Whocares?
III.日常交际问答
1.问候
①A:Goodmorning/afternoon/evening.
Hello/Hi.
Howdoyoudo?
Nicetomeetyou.
B:答语与问候语相同。
②A:Howareyou?
B:Fine,thankyou.Andyou?
A:Verywell,thankyou.
2.问时间、日期
A:Whatdayisit?B:ItsMonday.
A:Whatsthedate?B:ItsJan.10th.
A:Whatsthetime,please?B:Itsfiveoclock/halfpastfive...Itstimeto...
3.打电话
Thisis…(speaking).我是……（不说Iam…）
Itis…here.我是……
MayIspeakto…,please?请找……接电话好吗？
CanIspeakto…,please?请找……接电话好吗？
CouldIspeakto…,please?请找……接电话好吗？
I’dliketospeakto…,please.请找……接电话好吗？
Who’sthat(speaking/calling)?你是谁？（不说Whoareyou?）
Isthat…(speaking)?你是……吗？
Is…there?……在吗？
Is…in?……在吗？
Holdon,please.请稍等。
Holdtheline,please.请稍等。
CanItakeamessage?你可以留个口信吗？（对方要找的人不在时）
Canyougive/leaveamessage?你可以留个口信吗？（对方要找的人不在时）
Can/CouldIaskwhoiscalling?请问您是哪位？
MayIhaveyourtelephonenumber?您的电话号码是多少？
4.购物
WhatcanIdoforyou?您要买点什么？
CanIhelpyou?　您要买点什么？
What’sthepriceof…?……的价钱是多少？
Howmuchis…?……多少钱？
It’swellworththemoney.很合算。
Haveyougotanythingalittlecheaper?有没有比这便宜点的？
Howmuchdoesitcometo?总共多少钱？
Howmuchisitaltogether?总共多少钱？
Tryitforsize.试试大小。
Willyoushowme…?请拿给我看……？
Haveyougotany…?你们有……吗？
It’sabittoolarge(small,plain.gaudyetc.)forme.
这对于我来说太大（太小，太素，太花哨等）了。
That’sfine.I’lltakeit.那好，我买了。
That’stooexpensive,I’mafraid.恐怕那太贵了。
Whatcolourdoyouwant?你要什么颜色？
Whatsizedoyouwant?你要什么尺寸的？
Doyouhaveanyotherkind?你们有别的种类吗？
5.问路
Excuseme.Where’s…?劳驾，……在什么地方？
Excuseme.Canyoutellmethewayto…?劳驾，你能告诉我去……的路吗？
HowcanIgetto…?我怎样去……？
Godownthisstreet.顺着这条街走。
Turnrightatthefirstcrossing.在第一个十字路口向右拐。
Turnleftatthesecondcrossing.在第二个十字路口向左拐。
It’sabout…metresfromhere.离这里大约有……米。
It’sonlyaten-minutewalkfromhere.走十分钟就到了。
Gostraightaheadtillyousee…一直往前走直到你看见……
IV.建议和提醒
交际用语要注意中西方的差异，这点非常重要，往往考生失分就在于忽视了中西方文化上的差异。交际用语的不仅在单选里考查，听力里也有所涉及。所以，平时做听力时也可以积累交际上的回答，注意体味情景的含义。交际用语的复习不要刻意投入太多的时间，把平时该掌握的掌握好就可以了！
根据大纲的要求，我们考生所要熟悉的功能意念部分包括：问候，介绍，告别，感谢和应答，祝愿、祝贺和应答，邀请和应答，提供（帮助等）和应答，约会，意原和希望，请求、允许和应答；同意和不同意，喜好和厌恶，决断和坚持，判断和意见，职责，能力，偏爱，责备和抱怨，肯定和不肯定，禁止和警告，可能和不可能，预见、猜测和相信，请求，劝告和建议，许诺，提醒，表示焦虑，表示惊奇，表示喜悦等三十余项。
以及所要熟悉的情景场所部分的对话：包括谈论天气，购物，问路和应答，问时间、日期和应答，就餐，打电话，传递信息，看病，求救，语言困难，标志和说明等十余项。
同时解题时要做到“四忌”
一忌上词下用
上词下用指的是答句部分延用了题干句子的重点词、信息词，按表层意思似乎合情合理，但往往为错误的“虚像”，需经进一步分析后才能确定正确选项。典型的例子如用“Idon’t”应答“Don’tforgettocometomybirthdaypartytomorrow”，用“Don’tbesorry”回答“I’msorryIbrokeyourmirror”，以及用“Nothanks”回答“Thankyoueversomuchforthebookyousentme.”避免“上词下用”的误区，一是确认题目涉及的交际功能项目，二是确认句子上下文语境，三是确认正确的话语方式。请看下例：
—IwonderifIcoulduseyourtelephone.
—________.
A.IwonderhowB.Idon’twonderC.Sorry，it’soutoforderD.Nowonder,hereitis
解析：尽管该题中反复出现“wonder”一词，但通过仔细审题可确定其考查的功能项目为征求对方意见，问句相当于“CouldIuseyourtelephone?”综合语境和话题的分析，正确的答话方式一般为“Ofcourseyoucan”（肯定）或“Sorry,youcan’t”（否定），也只有C项符合题意，A、B、D项均属典型的“上词下用”现象，而且D项中的“Nowonder”意思为“难怪”，更是和题干内容相差甚远。?
二忌中文思维
与上词下用比较，这一误区更具迷惑力，因为无论按题目内容或是按思维方式来考虑，都非常符合中国学生的习惯。显然，掌握英汉两种语言和文化之间的相同和相异之处，对于准确解题至关重要。考生解题失误之一是按汉语的表达方式和结构去套英语，去选答案，这属于语言知识的“负迁移”。请看下例：
—Doyouthinkit’sgoingtorainovertheweekend?
—________.
A.Idon’tbelieveB.Idon’tbelieveitC.IbelievenotsoD.Ibelievenot
解析：以Doyouthink…?这样的句子来提问，用D项来回答表示否定，显然不符合中文的表达习惯，这也正是许多考生选了A、B、C项的原因。另一个更常见的失误是套用中国文化模式。违背英语国家的思维方式和文化习俗，这属于文化方面的“负迁移”。
三忌直接回绝
这主要是指在对方要求得到帮助，提出请求或邀请时，回答过于直接，不够委婉，尽管从语义角度分析是没毛病的，但不符合英语国家的交际习惯。“请求”方面的问话有MayI…?/CanI…?/IwonderifIcould…/DoyoumindifI…?等，“邀请”方面的问话有Willyou…?/Wouldyouliketo…?/I’dliketoinviteto…等。在作否定回答时，为了表示礼貌和委婉，通常要用一些委婉词，如but,I’mafraid,I’msorry,thanks,please,hadbetter等。请看下例：
—Ididn’tknowthiswasaone-waystreet,officer.
—________?
A.That’sallright.B.Idon’tbelieveyou.C.Howdareyousaythat?D.Sorry,butthat’snoexcuse.?
解析：许多考生有可能选B、C项，这是没有注意到西方人生活、工作中交往的必要礼节，答话时过于生硬，没有顾及他人感情，而正确答案D项正是在充分考虑到说话双方的身份，彼此之间的关系以及说话人的立场和态度的基础上做出的选择。
四忌答非所问
应该说答非所问的错误比较容易察觉，如果问话与答话的内容风牛马不相及的话，考生可以迅速排除。但有时双方会话内容有所关联，但仔细推敲发现其实答语并不切题。最典型的例子是Withpleasure和It’sapleasure。前者一般在事前回答，表示“非常愿意”。后者一般在事后回答，表示“不用客气”。请看下例：
—Sorry,Icouldntcometotheparty.Iwassickthatday.
—_________.
A.IdontknowthatB.ThatsallrightC.Yes,wellhaveanotherpartyD.No,thepartywasntheld
解析：A、C和D三项均明显地答非所问，与问句无关；只有D项能够作出直接的答复。

1.—Thisfreegiftdoesntlookgood.
—_____________,madam,butifyouwantgoodquality,youhavetopayforit.
A.NoproblemB.NodoubtC.NooffenceD.Noway
2.—Wasyesterday’spartyagreatsuccess?
—______.Tom,whoisagoodmixer,didn’tshowup.
A.NotsurprisinglyB.NotnecessarilyC.NotexactlyD.Notreally
3.——CanIgetyouacupofcoffee?
——___________.
A.Withpleasure.B.Youcanplease.C.That’sveryniceofyou.D.Thankyouforthecoffee.
4.—I’msoanxiousaboutmydrivingtesttomorrow.Wouldyoupleasegivemesomeadvice?
—____.I’msureyouaregoodenoughtopassit.Beconfidentofyourself.
A.AbsolutelyB.TakeiteasyC.YouarerightD.Notreally
5.—Youshouldn’thavetakenpicturesbeforethecarvedstones.
—___________.
A.PardonmeB.Yes,IwillC.NevermindD.Don’tmentionit
6.—PleasetellBrucehehaswonthefirstprizeinthemathscontest.
—________!Heneverdidsowellbefore.
A.CongratulationsB.GoodluckC.That’srightD.Whatagoodsurprise
7.—Tom,Igotastrangecallthismorning,sayingIhadwonanexpensivecar,whichpuzzledme.
—___________
A.Congratulations.B.Youarealuckydog.C.Forgetit.It’stooexpensive.D.Perhapsit’satrick
8.—Don’tyouagreewithwhathesaid?
—Yes，!Itcan’tbe．
A.approximately；betterB.absolutely；betterC.relatively；worseD.fortunately;worse
9.—I’dliketoinviteyoutomynewhousethisSunday.
—________.
A.Oh,no.Let’snotB.I’mverysorry,butIhaveotherplans
C.I’dratherstayathomeD.Oh,no.That’llbetoomuchtrouble
10.—Sorry,Peter.I’mafraidthatIcan’tgotothecrosstalkshowbyGuoDegangwithyou.
—!Whoknowswhenhewillcomeherenexttime?
A.TakeiteasyB.WhatashameC.Itdoesn’tmatterD.Doasyoulike
11.—Doyoumindmysmokinghere?
—__________!
A.No,thanksB.No.GoodideaC.Yes,pleaseD.Yes.Betternot
12.—Tom,wouldyouliketocometoourdinnerparty?
—_____.
A.Yes,IwouldB.Sure,it’smypleasureC.No,Ican’tcomeD.Yes,withpleasure
13.—MynameisJackSmith.________
—Hi!I’mJackson.
A.Howdoyoudo?B.Nicetomeetyouagain.
C.Howaboutyou?D.Howareyou?
14.—Hergrandpapassedawayyesterday.
—______.
A.Howdoyoulikeit?B.Hewasakindman.C.Sorrytohearthat.D.Whatshallwedo?
15.—ShallwegotherenextSunday?
—________?
—Toseethefootballmatch.
A.WhatwithB.WhatbyC.WhatforD.Whaton
16.—IsthereanythingIcandoforyou，sir?
—_____.
A.Perhaps.GoaheadB.No.Takeyourtime
C.Yes.YourewelcomeD.Notnow.Thanksanyway
17.—Sorry,Icantgocampingwithyou.Ihavetopreparewellenoughfortheentrance-exam.
—________!Wecancamptogethernexttime.
A.DontsaysoB.CongratulationsC.GoodluckD.Noproblem
18.—I’mgoingtotraveltoSydney.Wouldyoupleasetellmeaboutyourexperiencesthere?
—________.Let’sdiscussitoverlunch.
A.GoaheadB.ItjustdependsC.That’swonderfulD.Byallmeans
19.—ShallIbeginthelecture?
—I’mafraidwehavetowaitforawhile.Johniscomingwithamicrophone.
—.Icandowithoutthemicrophone.
A.I’msorryB.ExcusemeC.IbegyourpardonD.Nevermind
20.—Willhebebackbytentonight?
—No,_____.
A.IthinknotsoB.I’mnotafraidC.I’mafraidnotD.Idon’thopeso
21.—Tom,youaresmokingagain?
—______?It’snoneofyourbusiness.
A.SowhatB.HowcomeC.WhynotD.Whatfor
22.—Youmustobeyeverywordofmine!
一______Idon’t?
A.HowaboutB.WhatifC.SowhatD.whatabout
23.—Doremembertochargethebattery12hourswhenyoufirstuseit．
—.
A.MadeitB.GotitC.UnderstooditD.Rememberedit
24.—Whatkindofdancingdoyoulike?
—____________.Ifit’srockmusicI’lldodisco，andifit’sromanticmusicI’lldoballet.
A.pardonB.Ican’ttellyouC.ItalldependsD.Notexactly
25.—DoyouthinkIshouldjointhesinginggroup,Mary?
—_____.IfIwereinyourshoes,Icertainlywould.
A.NoneofyourbusinessB.ItdependsC.WhynotD.Idon’tthinkso
26.—Isthereanythingwrongwithmyheart?
—Nothingserious.____________.
A.Takeiteasy.B.CheerupC.NowayD.Whatapity
27.—Excuseme,couldyoupleasesparemeafewminutestoexplainthis?
—Sorry,butImustgotoameetingnow．
—_______________．
A.ThanksalotB.WhatapityC.IamsorrytohearthatD.Thanksanyway
28.—WhoseadvicedoyouthinkIshouldfollow?
—___________.
A.NoproblemB.ComeonC.It’suptoyouD.Well,that’slife
29.—Canyouturndowntheradio,please?
—________.
A.Oh,IknowB.Imsorry;Ididntrealizeitwasthatloud
C.Illkeepitdownnexttime.D.Pleaseforgiveme
30.—I’mnotgoodatbasketball,youknow.
—_______We’replayingforfun.Justtryandyou’llseeyoucandoit.
A.Well,itdepends.B.Takeyourtime.C.Comeon!D.That’sOK.
31.—ShallIgiveyouahandwiththisasyouaresobusynow?
—Thankyou._______.
A.OfcourseyoucanB.IfyoulikeC.It’suptoyouD.Itcouldn’tbebetter
32.—Ican’tfinishthepaperuntiltomorrow,I’mafraid.
—That’sOK,there’s______.
A.noproblemB.nohurryC.nodoubtD.nowonder
33.—Wouldyoulikeanothercupoftea?
—Thanks,.
A.butwhynotB.butI’drathernotC.andI’dlikenotD.andI’drathernot
34.—I’mafraidIcan’tfinishthebookwithinthisweek.
—-_______.
A.PleasegoaheadB.That’srightC.NotatallD.Takeyourtime
35.—Imnotgoodatsinging，youknow.
—Itsjustforfun.
A.Noproblem.B.Comeon!C.Whatapity!D.Cheerup.
36.—MichaelwaslateforMr.Smith’soralclassthismorning.
—_____?AsfarasIknow,henevercamelatetoclass.
A.HowcomeB.SowhatC.WhynotD.Whatfor
37.—Hi,MrYu,Iwanttobuyapen,butIhappentohavenomoneywithme.Couldyoulendmesome?
—__________.
A.That’sfineB.NothingseriousC.NevermindD.Noproblem
38.—Couldyoupleasetellmetheanswertothisquestion?
—_______________!Itisnotmystyletohelppeoplecheat.
A.NoproblemB.NowayC.NotatallD.Nodoubt
39.—Let’sgohikingthisafternoon,Ok?
—__________
A.Notatall.B.Nevermind.C.Whynot?D.Whatofit?
40.—Thetoastbreadisreallydelicious.CanIhaveasecondpiece?
—_________.
A.BehaveyourselfB.HelpyourselfC.DoityourselfD.Goaheadifyoudon’tmind
41.—Whydon’tyoutakeataxithere?It’llsaveyoualotoftime.
—_________.
A.Thankyouanyway!B.Yes,let’s.C.Goodidea!D.That’sallright.
42.—TheWHOexpertpointsoutthattheH1N1fluremainsaconstantthreattothehealthstateofthewholeworld.
—.It’sreallyaseriousproblemfacingus.
A.Sorry,butIcantB.No,IagreewithyouC.ItsoundsagoodideaD.Ican’tagreemore
43.—Iwaslateforworkthismorning.
—_________Youstartedearly,didn’tyou?
A.Whynot?B.Sowhat?C.Howcome?D.Nevermind..
44.—ShallIbeginthelecture?
－Iafraidwehavetowaitforawhile．Johniscomingwithamicrophone．
－.Icandowithoutthemicrophone．
A.ImsorryB.ExcusemeC.IbegyourpardonD.Nevermind
45.—Howareyougettingonwithyourwork?—.
A.ThankyouB.Fine,thankyouC.Quitewell,thankyouD.Whydoyouaskso?
46.—Shallwegooutforadrinktonight?—______.
A.YouarerightB.ItmustbefunnyC.ThatsoundsgreatD.Haveanicetime.
47.—WouldyoumindifIopenedthewindow?
—______.Infact,Iwasgoingtosuggestyou____it.
A.Yes;notdidB.Notatall;doC.Moreorless;didD.Ofcourse;do
48.—Thankyouverymuchforhelpingmeoutoftrouble,Bob.
—____________.
A.WithpleasureB.Don’tmentionitC.That’srightD.Ihopeso
49.—CanItakeaweek’sholiday,Sir?
—_________;wearetoobusyatpresent.
A.Don’tworryB.Don’tmentionitC.ForgetitD.Noproblem
50.—Don’tinterruptmewhileI’mexplainingtheproblemstoyou.
—______.
A.Allright，goaheadB.It’smypleasureC.Ofcourse，withpleasureD.Notatall
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备战高考英语（通用版）一轮复习专题20情景交际

老师会对课本中的主要教学内容整理到教案课件中，大家开始动笔写自己的教案课件了。是时候对自己教案课件工作做个新的规划了，这样接下来工作才会更上一层楼！你们了解多少教案课件范文呢？下面是小编精心收集整理，为您带来的《备战高考英语（通用版）一轮复习专题20情景交际》，欢迎大家与身边的朋友分享吧！

备战高考英语（通用版）一轮复习
专题20情景交际

高考研究高考英语情景交际考点是用来考查考生在一定语境下对应答或习惯表达的掌握情况。其实质是对学生口语能力进行一种书面的考查。一般来说，高考中对于情景交际试题要求主要包括《英语新课程标准》中所涉及的68个话题。主要体现在社会交往(问候、告别、道歉、祝愿、祝贺等)中人的态度(同意或不同意；喜欢或不喜欢；肯定或不肯定；可能或不可能；能够或不能够等)或表示的一种情感(高兴、惊奇、忧虑、安慰、满意、遗憾、同情等)等。

对情景交际的考查是英语高考中的一种潮流。它的目的主要在于考查考生对英语知识的理解及应用，从而检测出考生对英语的驾驭能力。?
国家高中英语新课标列出了11个方面共66个功能意念项目以及24个话题项目。下面是最常用的一些情景交际语境。?
1.Introduction(介绍)?
—ThisisMrSmith.?
—Nice/Glad/Pleasedtomeetyou.
2.Greetings(问候)?
—Howareyoudoing??
—Verywell,thankyou.
3.Thanks(感谢)?
—Thankyouverymuch.?
—It’sapleasure./MyPleasure./That’sOK./You’rewelcome./Don’tmentionit./That’sallright.
4.Apologies(道歉)?
—I’msorryforlosingyourradio.?
—That’sOK./It’sallright./Nevermind./It’snothing./Forgetit./Itdoesn’tmatter.
5.Invitation(邀请)
—Wouldyouliketohaveacupofcoffee??
—Thankyou./No,thankyou.
6.Askingforpermission(请求允许)?
—Would/Doyoumindmysmokinghere??
—Ofcourse,youcan./Goahead,please.?
I’msorry,it’snotallowed./I’mafraidnot.
7.Expressingwishesandcongratulations(祝愿和祝贺)?
—I’mgoingtohaveanEnglishExam.?
—Goodluck!?
—Ihavejustwonthefirstprizeinthemathscompetition.?
—Congratulations!
8.Offeringhelp(提供帮助)?
—ShallIhelpyouwiththat??
—Yes,please./Yes,thanks.?
No,thanks./Thankyouallthesame.
9.Makingappointments(约会)?
—Let’smakeitat5:30.?
—Allright.Seeyouthen.
10.Makingtelephonecalls(打电话)
—Hello!MayIspeaktoTom?/IsthatTomspeaking??
—Justamoment,please./Sorry.Heisn’tinjustnow./Holdtheline,please./Hello.ThisisMaryspeaking.
11.Havingmeals(就餐)
—Wouldyoulikesomethingtoeat/drink??
—Yes,I’dlikeadrink./I’dlikericeandchicken.?
No,thankyou.I’vehadenough.
12.Seeingadoctor(就医)
—What’sthematter??
—I’mnotquitemyself./Ifeelterrible(bad,horrible...).
Ihaveaheadache./Thereissomethingwrongwith....?
13.Shopping购物?
—WhatcanIdoforyou?/MayIhelpyou??
—Iwant/I’dlikeapairofsportsshoes.
14.Askingtheway(问路)?
—Excuseme.Whereisthepostoffice?/Excuseme.Whichisthewaytothepostoffice?/Can(Could)youtellmethewaytothepostoffice?/HowcanIgettothepostoffice??
—It’soverthere./Godownthisstreetuntilyouseethetallredbuilding.Youcan’tmissit./YoucantakebusNo.23./Turnleftatthefirstcrossing./Sorry,Idon’tknow.I’mastrangerhere.
15.Talkingaboutweather(谈论天气)?
—What’stheweatherliketoday?/Howistheweathertoday??
—It’snice/fine/sunny/cloudy/rainy/snowy/foggy.
16.Sympathy(同情)
—Mymotherisill.Ihavetostayathomeandlookafterher.?
—I’msorrytohearthat.?
17.Frequency(频度)?
—Howoftendoyougotomovies??
—Onceaweek.?
18.Praiseandencouragement(赞扬和鼓励)?
—YouspeakexcellentEnglish.?
—Thankyou.?

典题链接

英语是一种交流工具。为考查考生的能力，交际用语在高考中一直有所体现。高考对日常用语的考查范围主要集中在以下5个方面：?
1.请求许可与回答：?
—MayIturndowntheradioabit?
—______,　ifyouinsist.?
A.No　
B.Mypleasure?
C.Allright
D.That’sright?
本题选C项。上文在征询意见，请求许可。下文尽管有点不乐意，还是同意了。Allright,　OK都可以。如果没有ifyou?insist?,可以爽快地说Goahead/Yes,　ofcourse.?
—Doyoumindmysmokinghere?
—______.?
A.No,pleasedon’t
B.Idon’twantyouto?
C.I’m?afraid?Idon’t
D.I’dratheryoudidn’t?
本题选D项，用I’drather主观愿望句表示不同意。用虚拟语气显得比较客气，委婉。如果直截了当地说，就用I’m?afraid?Ido.这样显得有点不客气。?
2.请求帮助、提供帮助、接受帮助或拒绝帮助?
—Wouldyoudomeafavorofpostingthisletter?
—_______.?
A.It’smypleasure
B.Notrouble?
C.Yes,that’sright
D.Withpleasure?
本题选D项。Withpleasure是I’lldothatwithpleasure.（我很乐意）的省略。而A项是你帮过忙，别人致谢时，你的回答。我很荣幸。?
—Letmecarrythebagforyou,professor.?
—Thankyou.______.?
A.Goahead?
B.Hereyouare?
C.Icanmanage
D.Takeit?
本题选C项。Icanmanage(it).我自己能行；A项go?ahead?前面说过，是别人请求许可时的爽快回答；B项意思是给你；D项是叫别人收下什么时说的。?
—Sir,canIaskafavor?
—______
A.I’msorry,butwhat?
B.Sure,whatisit?
C.Yes,youcould.
D.I’dloveto.?
本题选B项。先同意，然后问是什么。C项对别人应该说Yes,youcan.有求于人时才用委婉的could;而D项与上文不符。?
3.就餐场合?
—Howdoyouwantthebeef?
—_______.?
A.Small
B.Thin?
C.Hot
D.Medium?
本题选D项。上文问的是牛肉要几成熟？只有D项Medium(七八成熟，不老不嫩）是正确的回答。当然还有rare(嫩一点)或Well-done(老一点)。?
—CanIhelpyou,sir?
—______.?
A.Yes,youcan
B.No,Idon’tneedanyhelp?
C.Ofcourse,ifyoulike
D.No,thanks,I’mbeingserved?
本题选D项。对话发生在餐馆。服务员问：先生要点些什么食物？顾客回答：不，我已经点过了。选项A和C人称用错；选项B语气不委婉；I’mbeingserved.已经点过，只是点的东西还没上来。故选D。?4.问路?
—It’sseveralblocksaway.Letmedrawyouamap.?
—_______.?
A.Thanks?
B.Oh,Iwouldreallyappreciatethat?
C.That’llbeOK?
D.Oh,youdon’thaveto?
本题选B项。就上下文来说B项最合适，A、C两项略显冷淡了点，对于帮了大忙的人，光Thanks和OK不足以表达感谢之情。?
—______.?
—Oh,lookatmypoorsenseofdirection.?
A.Letmehelpyou
B.Thisway,please?
C.Hereitis
D.Nohurry?
本题选B项。这是发生在路上的对话。根据下文“看我这方向感！”，可知走错路了。所以上文应该是“这边请！”?
5.祝贺和祝愿?
—HappyFather’sDay,Dad!
—______.?
A.Youarewelcome
B.That’sallright?
C.Thankyou
D.Thesametoyou?
本题选C项。子女对父亲说：父亲节快乐。父亲回答：谢谢。或It’sniceofyoutosayso.真是好孩子！?
—Haveasweetdream,Honey!
—______.?
A.Thanks,anyway
B.Iwill?
C.Allright
D.Youtoo?
　本题选D项。晚上父母把孩子送上床，然后说：做个好梦。回答：你也是。在其他相互祝愿的情况下Youtoo都可用。如在party上:—Enjoyyourself!—Youtoo.碰到熟人:—Haveaniceday.—Youtoo.过年过节：—Haveahappynewyear!—Youtoo.而A项是别人帮你的忙没帮上时说的话，“不管怎么说，还是要谢谢你。”?

英语交际型试题主要考查考生对英语知识的理解和应用能力，考查考生对中西方文化差异的掌握情况及对英语的使用和驾驭能力。在高考英语试题中，交际用语的考查点相对集中。主要考查社会交往中的一些日常交际用语。考查的方式以应答为主，提问为辅；以跨文化交际中差异明显的交际项目为重点考查对象。命题方式有以下几种。
考点1习惯应答类
许多情景对话中使用的是英美人的习惯用语。问候、告别、打电话、问路、看病、购物等常见的交际话题均有其较为固定的套语；感谢、道歉、祝愿、请求亦有其固定的应答用语。对于这类题目，我们要遵循他们的习惯进行回答。如：
1．常用于感谢的应答用语有：Youarewelcome．/Don’tmentionit．/Itismypleasure(Mypleasure)．/Notata11．/That’sallright．/I’mglad(happy)that…/I’mgladyoulike(enjoy)it．
2．常用于道歉的应答用语有：Nevermind．/Itdoesn’tmatter．/Notata11．/That’sallright．/Thatisnothing．
3．常见的祝愿和祝贺用语有：Goodluck!/Bestwishestoyou．/Haveanicetime．/Wishyouapleasantjourney．/Congratulations!/MerryChristmas!/Happybirthdaytoyou．而应答用语有：Thankyou．/Thesametoyou．/Youtoo．
4．接受请求和邀请的应答用语有：Withpleasure．/I’dbehappy(glad)to．/Yes，helpyourself．/Noproblem．/Goodidea/Soundsgood/Whynot?拒绝请求和邀请的应答用语有：Sorry，but…/I’dratheryou…/Thankyou，but…/Noway!/Forgetit。
5．其他场景习惯应答用语考生也应注意。问候的应答用语
有：Howdoyoudo．/Fine，thankyou．介绍的应答用语有：Veryglad(pleased)toseeyou．接电话的习惯用语有：ThisisLiMingspeaking．道别的习惯用语有：Bye．/Solong．/Seeyoulater．服务人员的应答用语有：Yes，Sir．/Yes，Madame．/Takeyourtime．

考点2破交际定势类
汉语和英语在交际文化方面有许多共同之处，但也存在诸多差异。这些差异往往是考查的重中之重。我们要力求用英语思维，避免母语交际定势的干扰，要根据英语的文化交际习惯来应答。如：当中国人听到对方夸奖或赞美自己时，习惯上要说些表示谦虚的话；而英美人则不同，他们总是先接受对方的夸奖，再表示谢意。如：
一You’vegivenusawonderfulChinesedinner，Mrs．Wang．王太太，您给我们提供了一顿极好的中式晚餐。
I’mgladyouenjoyedit．我很高兴你们喜欢。
典例：——Thankyouverymuchforthegiftsyousentme.
——_________.
A.Nothanks
B.I’mgladyoulikeit
C.Pleasedon’tsayso
D.No,it’snotsogood
考点3语言结构类
这类题要求考生根据对话情景和所掌握的正确语言结构来做出选择。以习惯用法和变异句(如省略句)居多。如当说话人对刚刚提出的说法或意见持肯定态度时，可以说：Yes，Ithink(suppose，believe)SO．/Yes，I’mafraidSO．对刚刚提出的说法或意见持否定态度，则说：No，Idon’tthink(suppose)so．/No，Idon’tbelieveso．/No，Ibelieve(suppose)not．/No，Ihopenot．/No，Iamafraidnot．“Doyoumind…?”常用于表示请求对方允许。如果同意，则用“No，goahead．/No，ofcoursenot．/No，notata11．”等来回答；如果不同意，可用“I’msorryIdo．”来回答。
考点4情景用语类
根据不同的交际情景，说话者会采用不同的交际用语来表达自己的态度和情感。如表示不肯定或没把握，人们会说：Iamafraidthat…/Itdepends．表示不耐烦和催促的用语有：
Well，well．/Comeon．/Hurryup!表示惊奇和有把握的用语有：Nowonder…/Nodoubt…如：
一Whatdoyouwanttodonext?Wehavehalfanhouruntilthebasketballgame．接下来你准备做什么?在篮球赛之前我们还有半小时。
一It’suptoyou．Whateveryouwanttodoisfinewithme．这取决于你。你想做什么我都同意。

1.(2010高考英语重庆卷,35)-----Haveyouplayedbaseballbefore?Weneedonemoreplayer.
-----______.Ilikeballgames,soIbelieveitwillbetolearnbaseball.
A.SometimesB.NotreallyC.NevermindD.That’scool
B
考查交际用语。notreally说明自己没打过棒球，与后面的“我认为学打棒球很有趣”相吻合。
2.(2010高考英语重庆卷,26)----Honey,let’sgooutfordinner.
-----______Idon’thavetocook.
A.Forgotit!B.That’sgreat!C.Why?D.Goahead.
3.(2010高考英语浙江卷,18)—Accordingtomygrandma,itisagoodideatoeatchickensoupwhenyouhaveacold.
—_______,scientistsagreewithher.
A.SoonerorlaterB.Onceinawhile
C.TobeexactD.Believeitornot
D
考查短语辨析。——根据我奶奶的看法，感冒时最好喝鸡汤。——确实如此，科学家也这么认为的。此处Believeitornot表示“信不信由你，确实”的含义，符合语境。soonerorlater表示“迟早”；onceinawhile表示“时不时，偶尔，间或”；tobeexact表示“确切地说”。
4.(2010高考英语浙江卷,13)—Wouldshemindplayingagainstherformerteammates?
—______Sheiswillingtoplayagainstanytoughplayers.
A．Ithinkso.B．I’mnotsurprised.
C．Ofcourse.D．Notlikely!
5.(2010高考英语天津卷,7)ProfessorJohnson,I’mafraidIcan’tfinishthereportwithinthisweek.
______Howaboutnextweek?
A.GoodforyouB.Itwon’tbothermeC.NotatallD.That’sOK
D
考察交际用语。A项意为对你有好处；B项意为它不会让我感到烦恼；C项意为不客气；D项意为可以，那好吧。句意为：“约翰逊教授，恐怕我不能在本周内完成报告。好吧，下周如何？”
6.(2010高考英语天津卷,2)—Excuseme,Iwonderifyoucanhelpme?
—Sure.______?
A.WhathelpB.WhatisthisC.WhatisitD.Whatdoyouwant
C
考查交际用语。句意为“打扰你了，你能帮我个忙吗？当然。什么事情？”，A项意为中国式英语；B项意为“这是什么”；C项意为“到底是什么”；D项意为“你想要什么”。
7.(2010高考英语四川卷,13)一I’msorry．Thatwasn’tofmuchhelp．
一Oh，______．Asamatteroffact，itwasmosthelpful．
A．sureitwasB．itdoesn’tmatter
C．ofcoursenotD．thanksanyway
8.(2010高考英语四川卷,1)—Here’syourchange.
——______
A.Thankyou.B.Don’tmentionit.
C.NoproblemD.Withpleasure.
A
考查日常用语。句意为：“这是找你的零钱。”“谢谢”。A符合语境。B用于回答道谢或道谦；C、D用于回答求助。
9.(2010高考英语陕西卷,25)——Whatafineday!Shallwegopicnicking?
——______.Butweneedtobehomebeforesixo’clockforthefootballmatch.
A.Haveanicetime.B.Pardonme
C.That’sgreatD.Youareright
C
考查交际用语。从后面的转折“但我们需要在六点前赶回家看足球赛”可知，答话人已经同意接受对方的邀请。C项“好极了”符合语境。A项“祝你玩得开心”，表示祝愿；B项“原谅我”在请求对方原谅时用；D项”你说得对”表示同意对方的看法。
10.(2010高考英语陕西卷,13)–What’sthenoise?Itsoundsasifitcomesfromupstairs.
—______.Itmustbethewindow-cleanerworkingnextdoor.
A.I’mnotsureB.IhopenotC.I’drathernotD.Idon’tthinkso
11.(2010高考英语山东卷,34)—Herfatherisveryrich.
—______Shewouldn’taccepthishelpevenifitwereoffered.
A.Whatfor?B.Sowhat?C.Nodoubt.D.Nowonder.
B
考查交际英语在具体语境中的使用。句意应为“---她父亲非常富裕。---那又怎么样？即使主动给她帮助，她也不会接受的。”表示“那又怎么样？”用Sowhat?。Whatfor？表示“为了什么？”；Nodoubt表示“毫无疑问”；Nowonder表示“毫不奇怪”。
12.(2010高考英语山东卷,21)—Doyouthinkyoucoulddowithouthelp?
—________.Thisisnotthefirsttimeforme.
A.TakecareB.HurryupC.NotexactlyD.Don’tworry
D
本题考查交际用语的使用。根据后置语境Thisisnotthefirsttimeforme可知，答语应表示“没问题，别担心”之意，所以D项符合语境。
13.(2010高考英语辽宁卷,21)—I’lldothewashing-up.Jack,wouldyoupleasedothefloors?
—_______.
A．Yes,pleaseB．No,Idon’tC.Yes,sureD.No,notatall
C
考查交际英语。第一个人说，“我来洗餐具。杰克，你来拖地板，好吗?”答语为“当然可以”。根据语境选C项。
14.(2010高考英语江西卷,21)—Doyouenjoyyourpresentjob?
—_______.Ijustdoitforaliving.
AOfcourseBNotreally
CNotlikelyDNotalittle
B
15.(2010高考英语江苏卷,27)----DoyouthinktheirtabletennisteamwillwinthefirstplaceatthecomingAsianGames?
----______.Oursismuchstrongerthantheirs.
A.OfcourseB.ItdependsC.Don’tmentionitD.Bynomeans
D
考察交际用语。根据答语的后—句可知答话认为我们的乒乓球队比他们的更强，所以他们的乒乓球队绝不可能在即将到来的亚运会上获得第一名，bynomeans表示“绝不”。C项用来回答别人的感谢，意为“不客气”。
16.(2010高考英语大纲全国I卷,35)—Washesorryforwhathe’ddone?
—______.
A.NowonderB.WelldoneC.NotreallyD.Goahead
C
考查交际用语。“他对自己的所作所为后悔吗?”：“不太后悔。”notreally表示否定，语气较弱，符合语境。nowonder一难怪，“怪不得”；welldone“做得不错”；goahead“继续，接着”，均不符合语境。因此答案为C。

17.(2010高考英语大纲全国I卷,31)一Everybodyisgoingtoclimbthemountain.CanIgotoo,mum?
—______Waittillyouareoldenough,dear.
A.willyou?B.Whynot?C.Ihopeso.D.I’mafraidnot.
D
考查交际用语。根据空后的答语“Waittillyouareoldenough，dear．”可知答句句意应为：你现在还太小，不能去爬山。因此应选择表示否定的答语，故选D。
18.(2010高考英语大纲全国II卷,18)–CanIhelpyou?Areyoulookingforanythinginparticulartoday？
----_______，we’rejustlooking.
A.Yes，pleaseB.No,thankyouC.Yes，youcanD.No,youneedn’t
B
情景交际考查。句意为：“需要我帮忙吗？你需要点什么特别的东西吗？”“不，谢了。我们只是看看而已。”这是发生在商店里的售货员和顾客之间的对话，这一点从wearejustlooking可以看出来。虽然不需要帮助，拒绝的时候也要委婉礼貌。而且要符合逻辑。选B。
19.(2010高考英语安徽卷,35)一____________?
——Thatwouldbegreat!Pleasedropmeoffatthelibrary．
A．Couldyoubringmethebill
B．Wouldyoulikemetogiveyoualift
C．CouldyoutellmethepostcodeforParis
D．Wouldyouliketohavemye-mailaddress
20.(2010高考英语安徽卷,24)一DoyouknowifLindaiswillingtotakechargeoftheprogram?
一______，doesit?
A.IttakesnotimeB.Itcountsfornothing
C．Itdoesn’thurttoaskD．Itdoesn’t，tmakesense

高考英语第一轮情景交际语法专题教案

高考英语第一轮情景交际语法专题教案
高三一轮复习金子般的学案语法部分：情景交际（新人教版）
常见交际用语归纳
1.问候
a.Goodmorning/afternoon/evening.Hello/Hi!
b.Howareyou?
c.Fine,thankyou.Andyou?/Verywell,thankyou.
2.介绍
a.ThisisMr./Miss/Mrs.…
b.Howdoyoudo?Nice/Gladtosee/meetyou.
c.Mynameis…Imastudent/worker,etc.(here)．
3.告别
a.Ithinkitstimeforustoleavenow.
b.Goodbye!(Bye－bye!Bye！)Seeyoulater/tomorrow.
4.打电话[Z|xx|k.Com]
a.Hello!MayIspeakto…？[]
b.Holdon,Please.He/Sheisnthererightnow.CanItakeamessageforyou?
c.Imcallingtotell/askyou…Goodbye.
5.感谢和应答
a.Thankyou(verymuch)/Thanksalot.Manythanks.Thanksfor…
b.Notatall.Thatsallright.Yourewelcome.
6.祝愿、祝贺和应答
a.Goodluck!Bestwishestoyou.Haveanice/goodtime.Congratulations!
b.Thankyou.
c.HappyNewYear!/MerryChristmas!/Happybirthdaytoyou.
d.Thesametoyou.
7.意愿
Imgoingto…Iwill…
Idliketo…Iwant/hopeto…
8.道歉和应答
a.Imsorry.(Sorry.)Imsorryfor/about…Excuseme.
b.Thatsallright.Itdoesntmatter.Thatsnothing.
9.遗憾和同情
Whatapity!Imsorrytohear…
10.邀请和应答
a.Willyoucometo…？Wouldyouliketo…？
b.Yes,Idloveto…Yes,itsverykindofyou/niceofyou.
c.Idloveto,but…
11.提供(帮助等)和应答
a.CanIhelpyou?WhatcanIdoforyou?Here,takethis/my…Letme…foryou.Wouldyoulikesome…？
b.Thanks.Thatwouldbenice/fine.Thankyouforyourhelp.Yes,please.
c.No,thanks/thankyou.Thatsverykindofyou,but…[]
12.请求允许和应答
a.MayI…？Can/CouldI…？
b.Yes/Certainly.Yes,doplease.Ofcourse(youmay).ThatsOK/allright.
c.Imsorry,but…Youdbetternot.
13.表示同意和不同意
a.Certainly/Sure/Ofcourse.Yes,please.Yes,Ithinkso.Thatstrue.Allright/OK.Thatsagoodidea.Iagree(withyou)．
b.No,Idontthinkso.Imafraidnot.Ireallycantagreewithyou.
14.表示肯定和不肯定
a.Imsure.Imsure(that)…
b.Imnotsure.
c.Maybe/Perhaps.
15.喜好和厌恶
a.Ilike/love…verymuch.Ilike/loveto…
b.Idontlike(to)…Ihate(to)…
16.谈论天气
a.Whatstheweatherliketoday?Howstheweatherin…？
b.Itsfine/could/windy/rainy,etc.Itsratherwarm/cold/hot,etc.today,isntit?
17.购物
a.WhatcanIdoforyou?May/CanIhelpyou?
b.Iwant/Idlike…Howmuchisit？＝Whatsthepriceofit?Thatstoomuch/expensive,Imafraid.Thatsfine.Illtakeit.Letmehave…kilo/box,etc.
c.Howmany/muchdoyouwant?Whatcolor/size/kind/doyouwant?
d.Doyouhaveanyotherkind/size/color,etc.?
18.问路和应答
a.Excuseme.Wheresthemens/ladiesroom/toilet/restroom/washingroom?Excuseme,can
youtellmethewayto…？HowcanIgetto…？Idontknowtheway.
b.Godownthisstreet.Turnright/leftatthefirst/secondcrossing.Itsabout…metersfromhere.
19.问时间或星期、日期和应答
a.Whatdayis(it)today?Whatsthedatetoday?Whattimeisit?Whatsthetime,please?
b.ItsMonday/Tuesday/Wednesday/Thursday/Friday/Saturday/Sunday.ItsJanuary10th.Itsfiveoclock/halfpastfive/aquartertofive/fivethirty,etc.Itstimefor…
20.请求
a.Can/Couldyou…forme?Will/Wouldyouplease…？MayIhave…？
b.Pleasegive/passme…Pleasewait(here/amoment)Pleasewait(for)yourturn.Pleasestandinline/lineup.
21.建议和劝告
a.Youdbetter…Youshould…Youneed(to)…
b.Shallwe…？Lets…What/Howabout…？
22.禁止和警告
a.Youcant/mustnt…Ifyou…，youll…
b.Takecare.Becareful!＝Lookout!
23.表达感情
a.喜悦Imglad/pleased/happyto…Thatsnice.Thatswonderful/great.
b.焦虑Whatswrong?Whatsthematter/trouble/problem(withyou)?Im/Hes/Shesworried.Oh,whatshallI/wedo?
c.惊奇Really?Oh,dear!Isthatso?
24.就餐
a.Whatwouldyouliketohave?Wouldyoulikesomethingtoeat/drink?
b.Idlike…Wouldyoulikesomemore…？Helpyourselftosome…
c.Thankyou.Ivehadenough.Justalittle,please.
25.约会
a.Areyoufreethisafternoon/evening?Howabouttomorrowmorning/afternoon/evening?Shallwemeetat4：30at…？
b.Yes,thatsallright.Yes,Illbefreethen.
c.No,Iwontbefreethen.ButIllbefree…
d.Allright.Seeyouthen.
26.传递信息
a.Willyoupleasegivethisnote/messageto…？
b.…askedmetogiveyouthisnote.
c.Thanksforthemessage.
27.看病
a.Theressomethingwrongwith…Ivegotacough.Ifeelterrible(bad)Idontfeelwell.Ivegotapainhere.Thisplacehurts.
b.Takethismedicinethreetimesaday.Itsnothingserious.Youllbeallright/wellsoon.
28.求助
a.Help!
b.Whatsthematter?
28.处理交际中的障碍
Pardon?Pleasesaythatagain/moreslowly.Whatdoyoumeanby…？ImsorryIcantfollowyou.ImsorryIknowonlyalittleEnglish.
情景交际解题要注意“四忌”。一忌上词下用；二忌中文思维；三忌直接回绝；四忌答非所问。要避免此类错误，一要掌握常用的功能意念会话项目，特别是一些口语式的固定搭配；二要理解对话交际场合和交际意图，理清答题思路。

高考英语二轮复习语法专题

古人云，工欲善其事，必先利其器。作为教师准备好教案是必不可少的一步。教案可以让学生更好地进入课堂环境中来，帮助教师更好的完成实现教学目标。那么如何写好我们的教案呢？小编收集并整理了“高考英语二轮复习语法专题”，仅供参考，欢迎大家阅读。

定语从句

一、基本概念：

在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。如：

Doyouknowthemanwhospokeatthemeetingjustnow?

Thatisthehousewherehelivedtenyearsago.

注意：

（1）定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词；

（2）定语从句一般用关系代词或关系副词来引导，关系词放在先行词与定语从句之间起连接作用，同时又作从句中的一个成分。

（3）★引导定语从句的关系代词有：that,which,who,whom,whose，as

★关系副词有：when,where,why.

二、关系词的用法：

（一）关系代词的用法：

关系代词引导的定语从句,关系代词引导定语从句时，可作主语、宾语、表语、定语等句子成分。

指代对象

在从句中所做的成分

人

物

人+物

可否省略

主语

who/that

which/that

that

不可

宾语

who/whom/that

which/that

that

可

表语

that

that

that

可

定语

whose/ofwhom

whose/ofwhich不可

ThisisthedetectivewhocamefromLondon.

Thebookwhich／thatIamreadingiswrittenbyThomasHardy.

Thedeskwhoselegisbrokenisveryold.

Thisistheroomthat／whichShakespearewasbornin.

注：在非正式文体中，用于指人的关系代词whowhom,that通常可以省略，但在正式文体中通常用whom,不可省略；用于指物的关系代词which和that在非正式文体中也通常省略，但在正式文体中一般不省略。

1．★作定语用whose=the+n+ofofwhich

=ofwhichthe+n

(a)Heisthemanwhosecarwasstolenlastweek.

(b)ItwasameetingwhoseimportanceIdidnotrealizeatthattime.

注意：“介词+whose+名词”引导定语从句。如：

Ilovemymotherland,forwhosegoodfutureIwillworkhard.

门是蓝色的那间房是我的。2．★作表语只用that，它既可以指人，也可以指物，但时常省略。如：

Heisnolongerthemanthatheusedtobe.

Thisisnolongerthedirtyplace(that)itusedtobe.

3、★as在定语从句中的用法::：as可以引导限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句

（1）.as引导非限制性定语从句，有“正如，就像”之意。它在从句中可充当主语、宾语或表语。例

Theelephant’snoseislikeasnake，asanybodycansee.

（2）as引导限制性定语从句多与such、so或thesame连用，它可以代替先行词是人或物的名词。

Suchpeopleaswerementionedbyhimwerehonest.

Ishalldoitinthesamewayasyoudid.

（3）.as引导的非限制性定语从句的位置

as引导的非限制性定语从句位置较灵活，可以位于主句前面、中间或后面，一般用逗号与主句隔开，但which所引导的非限制性定语从句一般只能放在主句之后。例如：

Ashadbeenexpected，theEnglandteamwonthefootballmatch.

Theearthrunsaroundthesun，asisknowntoeveryone.

注意：★thesame…that与thesame…as在意思上是不同的。例如：

ThisisthesamebagasIlostyesterday.

这个书包和我昨天丢的相似。（相似物）

ThisisthesamebagthatIlostyesterday.

这正是我昨天丢的那个书包。（同一物）

（二）关系副词的用法：

1．when指时间，在从句中作时间状语，它的先行词通常有：time,day,morning,night,week,year等。

DoyouknowthedatewhenLincolnwasborn?

注：when时常可以省略，特别是在某些句型和某些时间状语中。如：

Eachtimehecame,hedidhisbesttohelpus.

Buthelpneverstoppedcomingfromthedayshefellill.

2．where指地点，在从句中作地点状语。它的先行词通常有：place,spot,street,house,room,city等，

Thisisthehotelwheretheyarestaying.

IforgetthehousewheretheSmithslived.

3.why指原因或理由，它的先行词只有reason。如：

Thatisthereasonwhyheisleavingsosoon.

(三)使用关系副词应注意下列几点：

1．这三个关系副词在意义上都相当于一定的介词+which结构：

when=on(in,at,during…)+which;

where=in(at,on…)+which;

why=forwhich.如：

IwasinBeijingonthedaywhen(=onwhich)hearrived.

Theofficewhere(=inwhich)heworksisonthethirdfloor.

Thisisthechiefreasonwhy(=forwhich)wedidit.

2．★当先行词是表时间的time,day等和表地点的place,house等时，一定要注意分析从句的结构，如果缺少主语或宾语时，关系词应该用which或that,缺少时间状语或地点状语时，才能用when或where试比较：

I’llneverforgetthedaywhenmyhometownwasliberated.

I’llneverforgetthedayswhich/thatwespenttogetherlastsummer.

Hisfatherworksinafactorywhereradiopartsaremade.

Hisfatherworksinafactorywhich/thatmakesradioparts.

3．when和where既可以引导限制性定语从句，也可以引导非限制性定语从句。而why只能引导限制性定语从句。4．★as和which引导定语从句的区别

有时，非限制性定语从句所修饰的不是某一个词，而是整个主句或是主句中的一个部分，这时一般采用which或as来引导。如：

Hepassedtheexam,which/ashehopedhewould.

（1）as引导的从句可以放在主句之前，而which引导的从句只能放在主句之后。

Theyarehollow,whichmakesthemverylight.

Asisknowntoall,TaiwanisapartofChina.

（2）从意义上讲，which指前面主句的内容；而as指代的是作为一般人都知道的常识性的东西，因此常译成“就象……那样”。

（3）as引导的非限制性定语从句表示积极的意义，与主句是顺理成章的关系，绝不能与之矛盾。若非限制性定语从句表示消极的意义，则只用which。如：

Hehassucceededinhiscareer,as/whichweallhope.他在事业中成功了，这正是我们大家所希

Hergrandmadiedlastweek,whichmadeherverysad.她的奶奶逝世了，这使得她很悲伤。

(4)当非限制性定语从句的引导词前面有介词时，只能用which,而不可用as。如：

Hehasanewcomputer,forwhichhepaidnearlytenthousandYuan.

(5)当关系代词代替主句中的宾语从句或复合结构(如：宾+补；不定式短语；动词-ing形式短语等)时，一般只能用which,而不用as。如：

Shetoldusthattherewassomethingwrongwithherbike,whichwastrue。

HeaskedhertohelphimwithhisEnglish,whichshedid.

(6)关系代词仅代表主句中的谓语部分时，从句中谓语部分被省略而只保留情态动词的否定式或助动词否定式，引导词一般只用which,而不用as。如：

HespeaksEnglishveryfluently,whichIcan’t.

(7)关系代词作定语修饰后面的名词时，一般只用which,而不用as。如：

Hesuggestedgoingswimmingintheriver,whichideaweagreedwith.

(8)关系代词仅代表主句中单个的名词时，一般只用which,而不用as。如：

Hesentmeabeautifulpresent,whichIvaluedverymuch.

(9)as在非限制性定语从句中，还常跟such连用。如：

Therewasalookofloveintheteacher’seyes,suchasmothershavefortheirchildren.老师眼里流露出对他喜爱的神情，就好像母亲对孩子的喜爱。

(10)as常用于一些固定结构中。如：

asiswellknown/asweallknow众所周知；

asissaidabove正如上面所说；

asmightbeimagined正像所想象的那样；

asisreported如报道所说；

ashasbeenpointed如所指出的那样；

asisexpected正如所料。

5．在正式文体中，以theway为先行词的限制性定语从句通常以inwhich或that引导，如：

Thewayinwhichyouansweredthequestionswasadmirable.

但在非正式文体中，人们通常省略inwhich或that:

Theway(inwhich)hespoketouswassuspicious.

Idon’tliketheway(that)youlaughather.四．关系词的选择

1．在非限制性定语从句中，关系代词作主语，只能用who指人，which指物；关系代词做宾语，常用whom（口语中有时用who）指人，which指物，它们都不能用that代替。

2．关系代词作介词宾语，不论是在限制性定语从句中，还是在非限制性定语从句中，当介词前置时，只能用whom指人，which指物；但如果介词后置，则不受这种限制，关系代词还可以省去，特别是在口语中。如：

Doyouknowtheboytowhomshewastalking?

Doyouknowtheboy(that)shewastalkingto?

Thepencil(which/that)hewaswritingwithsuddenlybroke.

3．★在限制性定语从句中，当先行词指物时，关系词可用which或that，二者常可以互换；但在下列情况中，只能用that，不用which：

(1)当先行词是all,alot,(a)little,few,much,none,anything,something,everything,nothing等词时。如：Allthatcanbedonehasbeendone.

(2)当先行词被all,anyno,much,little,few,every等限定词所修饰时。如：

Weheardclearlyeverywordthathesaid.

(3)当先行词是序数词或被序数词所修饰时。如：

Thefirstthingthatshouldbedoneistogetthetickets.

WhenpeopletalkaboutHangzhou,thefirstthatcomestomindistheWestLake.

(4)当先行词是形容词最高级或被形容词最高级所修饰，以及先行词被序数词和形容

词最高级同时修饰时，如：

That’sthemostexpensivehotelthatwe’veeverstayedin.

ThisnovelisthesecondbestonethatIhaveeverread.

(5)当先行词被thevery,theonly,thenext,thelast等所修饰时。如：

ThisistheverybookthatIwanttofind.

(6)当先行词为指人和指物的两个并列名词词组时。如：

TheguestsspokehighlyofthechildrenandtheirperformancesthattheysawattheChildren’sPalace.

Shedescribedinhercompositionsthepeopleandplacesthatimpressedhermost.

(7)当主句是以which开头的特殊疑问句时。如：

Whichisthecarthatkilledtheboy?

4.在限制性定语从句中，当先行词指人时，关系词可用who(m)或that，二者常可互换。

但在下列情况中，用who(m)，而不用that：

(1)当先行词是one,ones,any,few,anyone,anybody,someone,somebody,everyone,

everybody等词时。如：

Isthereanyonewhocananswerthisquestion?

Hewasamongthefewwhomanagedtolivethroughtheenemyprisoncamp.

注：在非正式文体中可以说：You’retheonethatknowswheretogo.)

(2)当先行词是he,they,those,people,person等词时。如：

Hewhowantstocatchfishjustnotmindgettingwet.

Thosewhoareagainsttheproposalputupyourhands.

注：在固定结构的谚语或习语中，可用hethat…。如：

Hethatpromisestoomuchmeansnothing.

(3)当先行词有较长的后置定语修饰时。如：

Doyouknowthewriterinbluewiththickglasseswhoisspeakingatthemeeting?

(4)在分隔式定语从句中，若先行词指人，为了明确修饰关系，应当用who(m)。如：

AnewmasterwillcametomorrowwhowillteachyouGerman.

There’sonlyonestudentintheschoolwho/whomIwantedtosee.

Iwastheonlypersoninmyofficewhowasinvited.

(5)两个定语从句同时修饰一个指人的先行词，第二个定语从句常用who(m)来引导，如：

SheistheonlygirlIknowwhocanplaytheguitar.

5.★在限制性定语从句中，当先行词指人时，在下列情况中，一般用关系词that:

(1)当主句是以who或which开头的特殊疑问句时。如：

Whoisthemanthatisreadingthenewspaperoverthere?

Whichofusthatknowsanythingdoesnotknowthis?

(2)当先行词被形容词最高级或序数词所修饰时。如：

Heisthegreatestmanthathaseverlived.

(3)当先行词被theonly,thevery,thelast等词所修饰时。如：

Sheistheonlypersonthatunderstandsme.

6.当先行词被thesame所修饰时，关系词既可以用as，也可以用that。在表示具体事物时，有时两者有一定的区别。一般说来，表示同一种类多用as，表示同一事物多用that。

如：ThisisthesameinstrumentthatIusedyesterday.这就是我昨天用过的那台仪器。

ThisisthesameinstrumentasIusedyesterday.这台仪器跟我昨天用过的那台一样。

7.当先行词前有such,so,as时，关系词应当用as。如：

Awisemanseldomtalksaboutsuchthingsashedoesn’tunderstand.

HespokeinsucheasyEnglishaseverybodycouldunderstand.

Atthistimeoftheday,allbusesandtrolleyshavetocarryasmanypassengersastheycan.

Itissoeasyabookaseveryschoolboycanread.

Let’sdiscusssuchthingsaswecantalkoffreely.

注意的问题：★★★

1、theonlyoneof+n+定语从句（用单数谓语动词）

oneof+the+n+定语从句（用复数动词）

2、such……as引导定语从句与such……that引导结果状语从句

ThisbookiswritteninsucheasyEnglishasbeginnerscanunderstand.

ThisbookiswritteninsucheasyEnglishthatbeginnerscanunderstandit.

3、当situation,condition,stage,point，scenes做先行词时，用where引导定语从句

4、when的先行词通常是time,day,season,age,occasion等时间名词

Thereareoccasionswhen(=onwhich)onemustyield.任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。

5、where引导的定语从句与地点状语从句的区别

Pleasemakeamarkwhereyouhaveanyquestion.(从句：)

Pleasemakeamarkattheplacewhereyouhaveanyquestion.(从句：)

6、theway做先行词时，关系词的选择应根据theway在定语从句中所做的成分来决定

Idon’tliketheway_______heistreated

Theway___________youthoughtoftosolvetheproblemisveryuseful

Pleasefindaway_________isthekeytosolvingtheproblem

7、thereason做先行词时，关系词的选择应根据thereason在定语从句中所做的成分来决定

Thereason_____IwaslatewasthatIwascaughtinatrafficjam

Idon’tbelievethereason_________hegaveforhisbeinglate

8、介词+which引导的定语从句中介词的选择：9.在下列情况下，一般只用ofwhom和ofwhich。

(1)定语从句的主语是few,little,some,most,many,much等时，一般只用ofwhom和ofwhich。

Intheroomarelotsofpeople,manyofwhomIdon’tknow.

Hehasalotofstory-books,afewofwhichIhaveneverread.

(2)定语从句的主语是数词、形容词的最高级时，一般只用ofwhom和ofwhich。如：

Theoldmanhasthreechildren,twoofwhomarecollegestudentsandoneofwhomisamanager.那个老人有三个小孩，其中两个是大学生，另一个是经理。

(3)定语从句的主语是all,none,both,neither,each等不定代词时，一般只用ofwhom和ofwhich。如Therearefiftystudentsinourclass,allofwhomareworkinghard.

Heplantedtwotreeslastyear,bothofwhicharegrowingwell.

(4)在定语从句中作表语的定语时，一般只用ofwhom和ofwhich。如：

Hehasthreebrothers,ofwhomLiLeiistheyoungestone.

TherearemanycountriesinAsia,ofwhichChinaisthelargestone.

10、表示部分与整体ofwhich/whom

在非限制性定语从句中，★表示“部分与整体”的关系时，用…ofwhich/whom或者ofwhich/whom…都可以。表示部分的可以是具体数目或百分数，也可以是few,several,some,half,many,much,most,all,none,either,neither,aquarter,anumber,thelarger,thesmallest,themajority等。

Ourschoolhas80teachers,50ofwhom(=ofwhom50)arewomen.

Hehaslotsofbooks,mostofwhichareEnglishones.

注意这里的ofwhich不能用whose代替，这与表示所属关系的ofwhich不同：

Theroomthedoorofwhich(=whosedoor)isbluebelongstome.

11、注意：先行词虽然是时间或地点，但若在定语从句中作主语或宾语时，要用关系代词。

(1)Thefactorywherehisfatherworkedhasclosed.(作状语)

比较：Thefactorywhich/thatwasbuiltin1978hasclosed.

(2)I’llneverforgetthedayswhenwelivedtogether.(作状语)

比较：I’llneverforgetthedays(that)wespentinAustralia.(作及物动词spent的宾语)

(3)Thereason(why)shewasillwasthatshehadeatenbadmeat.(作状语，用关系副词)

比较：Thereason(that)hegaveforhisabsencewasobviouslyfabricated.(作gave的宾语，用关系代词)

12、★关系词的选择方法

(1)一看先行词的意义

即分清先行词是指人、指物、时间、地点还是原因，如指物时不能用who或whom，指人时通常不用which等。

(2)二看关系词的句法功能

即分清关系词是担任什么句子成分，是作主语还是宾语、是作定语还是状语等，

如作定语通常用whose，有时也用which；作状语要用when,where,why。

注意，不要一看到先行词为表时间、地点、原因的名词，就认为一定要用when,where,why来引导定语从句，要注意分清它们在定语从句充当什么成分。如

Iforgetthetimewhenhewillcome.(when引导定语从句，在定语从句中用作状语)

Iforgetthetimethathetoldme.我忘记了他告诉我的时间。(that引导定语从句，在定语从句中用作宾语)

Thereasonwhyhecan’tcomeisthatheisill.

他不能来的原因是他病了。(why引导定语从句，在定语从句中用作状语)

Thereasonthathetoldmeisnottrue.

他告诉我的原因不真实。(that引导定语从句，在定语从句中用作宾语)

(3)三看定语从句的种类

即分清是限制性定语从句还是非限制性定语从句，如that和why通常不引导非限制性定语从句。注意，不要一看到逗号就认为是非限制性定语从句。如：

Ifyou’vereallysaidthattoher,_______willcauserealtrouble.

A.thatB.whichC.asD.what

此题答案是A，不是B。尽管空格前有逗号，但这并不是非限制性定语从句，所以不能填which。正确的理解是：Ifyou’vereallysaidthattoher是一个条件状语从句，逗号后的句子是主句，空格处填that用作主句主语

12、★关系代词做定语从句的主语时，从句谓语动词的形式与先行词一致。

Hewhodoesn’treachtheGreatWallisnotatrueman

13、★定语从句与强调句的区别的诀窍：

★若将Itiswasthatwho去掉而句中不缺成分，结构完整，说明原句是强调句型。若结构不完整，说明原句为定语从句。

Itwasnotuntil1920_______regularradiobroadcastsbegan.

14、定语从句与同位语从句的区别：

定语从句50题

1.Theplace_______interestedmemostwastheChildrensPalace.

A.whichB.whereC.whatD.inwhich

2.Doyouknowtheman_______?

A.whomIspokeB.towhospokeC.IspoketoD.thatIspoke

3.Thisisthehotel_______lastmonth.

A.whichtheystayedB.atthattheystayed

C.wheretheystayedatD.wheretheystayed

4.Doyouknowtheyear______theChineseCommunistPartywasfounded?

A.whichB.thatC.whenD.onwhich

5.Thatistheday______Illneverforget.

A.whichB.onwhichC.inwhichD.when

6.Thefactory______wellvisitnextweekisnotfarfromhere.

A.whereB.towhichC.whichD.inwhich

7.Greatchangeshavetakenplacesincetheninthefactory_______weareworking.

A.whereB.thatC.whichD.there

8.Thisisoneofthebestfilms_______.

A.thathavebeenshownthisyearB.thathaveshown

C.thathasbeenshownthisyearD.thatyoutalked

9.Canyoulendmethebook______theotherday?

A.aboutwhichyoutalkedB.whichyoutalked

C.aboutthatyoutalkedD.thatyoutalked

10.Thepen______heiswritingismine.

A.withwhichB.inwhichC.onwhichD.bywhich

11.Theyarrivedatafarmhouse,infrontof______satasmallboy.

A.whomB.whoC.whichD.that

12.Theengineer______myfatherworksisabout50yearsold.

A.towhomB.onwhomC.withwhichD.withwhom

13.Itthereanyoneinyourclass______familyisinthecountry?

A.whoB.whosC.whichD.whose

14.Iminterestedin______youhavesaid.

A.allthatB.allwhatC.thatD.which

15.Iwanttousethesamedictionary______wasusedyesterday.

A.whichB.whoC.whatD.as

16.Heisntsuchaman______heusedtobe.

A.whoB.whomC.thatD.as

17.HeisgoodatEnglish,______weallknow.

A.thatB.asC.whomD.what

18.LiMing,______totheconcertenjoyeditverymuch.

A.IwentwithB.withwhomIwentC.withwhoIwentD.Iwentwithhim

19.Idontlike______asyouread.

A.thenovelsB.thesuchnovelsC.suchnovelsD.samenovels

20.Hetalkedalotaboutthingsandpersons________theyrememberedintheschool.

A.whichB.thatC.whomD.what

21.Theletterisfrommysister,______isworkinginBeijing.

A.whichB.thatC.whomD.who

22.Inourfactorythereare2,000workers,twothirdsof____arewomen.

A.themB.whichC.whomD.who

23.Youretheonlyperson______Iveevermet______coulddoit.

A.who;/B./;whomC.whom;/D./;who

24.Ilostabook,______Icantremembernow.

A.whosetitleB.itstitleC.thetitleofitD.thetitleofthat

25.LastsummerwevisitedtheWestLake,______Hangzhouisfamousintheworld.

A.forwhichB.forthatC.inwhichD.what

26.Ihaveboughtsuchawatch_______wasadvertisedonTV.

A.thatB.whichC.asD.it

27.Icanneverforgettheday_______weworkedtogetherandtheday______wespenttogether.

A.when;whichB.which;whenC.what;thatD.onwhich;when

28.Theway______helooksatproblemsiswrong.

A.whichB.whoseC.whatD./

29.Thisisthereason______hedidntcometothemeeting.

A.inwhichB.withwhichC.thatD.forwhich

30.Thismachine,______formanyyears,isstillworkingperfectly.

A.afterwhichIhavelookedB.whichIhavelookedafter

C.thatIhavelookedafterD.Ihavelookedafter

31.Thereason______hedidntcomewas______hewasill.

A.why;thatB.that;whyC.forthat;thatD.forwhich;what

32.Heisworkinghard,______willmakehimpassthefinalexam.

A.thatB.whichC.forwhichD.who

33.Thatisnottheway______Idoit.

A./B.whichC.forwhichD.withwhich

34.Ihavetwogrammars,______areofgreatuse.

A.allofwhichB.eitherofwhichC.bothofthatD.bothofwhich

35.Iwanttousethesametools_______usedinyourfactoryafewdaysago.

A.aswasB.whichwasC.aswereD.which

36.Myneighboursusedtogivemeahandintimeoftrouble,_______wasverykindofthem.

A.whoB.whichC.thatD.it

37.Thisisthemagazine_______Icopiedtheparagraph.

A.thatB.whichC.fromthatD.fromwhich

38.Heisnotsuchaman_______wouldleavehisworkhalfdone.

A.thatB.whichC.whoD.as

39.Youcandependonwhateverpromise_______hemakes.

A./B.whyC.whenD.whose

40.Smoking,_______isabadhabit,is,however,popular.

A.thatB.whichC.itD.though

41.---Didyouasktheguard_______happened?

---Yes,hetoldmeall_______heknew.

A.what;thatB.what;whatC.which;whichD.that;that

42.Ishallneverforgetthoseyears_______Ilivedonthefarmwith

thefarmers,_______hasagreateffectonmylife.

A.when;whoB.that;whichC.which;thatD.when;which

43.Thenumberofthepeoplewho_______cars_______increasing.

A.owns;areB.owns;isC.own;isD.own;are

44.Duringthedays________,heworkedasaservantattheBrowns.

A.followedB.followingC.tofollowD.thatfollowed

45.Isoxygentheonlygas_______helpsfireburn?

A.thatB./C.whichD.it

46.Thecleverboymadeaholeinthewall,_______hecouldsee_____wasgoingoninsidehouse.

A.which;whatB.throughwhich;whatC.throughthat;whatD.what;that

47.Is_______someGermanfriendsvisitedlastweek?

A.thisschoolB.thistheschoolC.thisschooloneD.thisschoolwhere

48.Johngotbeateninthegame,_______hadbeenexpected.

A.asB.thatC.whatD.who

49.Ihaveboughttwoballpens,_______writeswell.

A.noneofthemB.neitherofthemC.neitherofwhichD.noneofwhich

50.Allthatcanbeeaten_______eatenup.

A.arebeingB.hasbeenC.hadbeenD.havebeen参考答案及解析

1.A.which用作关系代词，在定语从句中作主语。

2．C."和谁讲话”要说speaktosb.本题全句应为DoyouknowthemanwhomIspoketo.。whom是关系代词，作介词to的宾语，可以省略。

3.D.where是关系副词，表示地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。

4.C.when是关系副词，表示时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。

5．A.which是关系代词，在从句中作forget的宾语。其他几个答案都不能作宾语。

6．C.解析同第5题。

7.A.解析见第3题。

8.A.本句话的先行词应该是films,因此，关系代词that是负数概念，其谓语动词应用复述的被动语态havebeenshown。如果句中的one前面使用了定冠词the，则theone应该视为先行词。

9.A.“谈到某事物”应说talkaboutsth.。about是介词，其后要用which作宾语，不能用that。

10.A.withwhich是"介词+关系代词"结构,常用来引导定语从句.with有"用"的意思,介词之后只能用which,不能用that.withwhich在定语从句中作状语,即heiswritingwithapen.

11.C.infrontofwhich即infrontofafarmhouse.Infrontofwhich在从句中作状语.

12.D.withwhom引导定语从句.withwhom放在从句中即为:myfatherworkswiththeengineer.

13.D.whose引导定语从句,在从句中作主语family的定语.

14.A.that引导定语从句,因为先行词是all,所以只能选用that引导.

15.D.thesame……..as是固定用法,as引导定语从句时,可以作主语,宾语或表语.在本句话中,as作从句的主语.

16.D.such………as是固定用法,as引导定语从句时,可以作主语,宾语或表语.在本题中,as作表语.

17.B.as作关系代词可以单独用来引导非限制性定语从句。这时as所指代的不是主句中某个名词，而往往指代整个主句的含义。as在从句中可以作主语、宾语。从句可放在主句后，也可置于主句前。在本句中,as作宾语.

18.B.LiMingenjoyeditverymuch是主句,withwhomIwenttotheconcert是定语从句.withwhom放在从句中为:IwenttotheconcertwithLiMing.

19.C.as引导定语从句时通常构成such…as或thesame…as固定搭配，其中such和same修饰其后的名词，as为关系代词，指代其前的名词引导定语从句。as在从句中可以作主语、表语或宾语。Such修饰单数名词时,要用sucha……..,本题中suchbooks,such直接修饰复数名词.

20.B.things和persons是先行词.当定语从句要修饰的先行词是既表示人,又表示物的名词时,其关系代词要用that.

21.D.who引导非限制性定语从句,who作从句的主语.

22.C.twothirdsofwhom即:twothirdsofthe2,000workers.

23.D.先行词person后有两个定语从句,第一个从句省略了关系代词whom.因为,whom作从句中met的宾语,可以省略.第二个从句whocoulddoit.who在从句中作主语,不可省略.

24.A.whosetitle引导非限制性定语从句,whosetitle也可以说成thetitleofwhich

25.A.forwhich引导定语从句,使用介词for,是来自于从句中的固定短语befamousfor"以……..而闻名".

26.C.当先行词被such修饰时,引导定语从句的关系代词要用as.As在本从句中作主语.

27.A.两个先行词theday都是表示时间的名词,但第一个空白处要填的关系词在从句中作状语,因此要用关系副词when.第二个空白处要填的关系词在从句中作动词spent的宾语,因此要用关系代词which或that来引导定语从句.

28.D.在way、distance、direction等词后的定语从句中，常用that来代替“in(或其他介词)+which”、when或where，而that常可省略。

29.D.forwhich在定语从句中作原因状语,可用why来替代.

30.B.whichIhavelookedafter构成一个非限制性定语从句.

31.A.Thereasonwhy…wasthat….已成为一种固定句型，这一句中的why和that不能随意换位，也不能将that改成because，尽管that这个词在译文中可能有“因为”的含义。

32.B.非限制性定语从句常用which引导,which表示前句话的整个含义.

33.A.解释见28题.

34.D.主句中的two表明不能选A.从句中的are表明不能选B.bothofwhich用来引导非限制性定语从句.

35.C.as引导定语从句时通常构成such…as或thesame…as固定搭配，其中such和same修饰其后的名词，as为关系代词，指代其前的名词引导定语从句。as在从句中可以作主语、表语或宾语。本题中as作从句的主语.

36.B.非限制性定语从句常用which引导,which表示前句话的整个含义.

37.D.

38.D.解析见35题.

39.A.hemakes是定语从句,从句前省略了关系代词that.

40.B.whichisabadhabit非限制性定语从句.

41.A.whathappened是宾语从句.all之后thatheknew是定语从句.先行词是all,所以关系代词只能用that.

42.D.years是表示时间的名词,用when引导定语从句,是因为when在从句中作时间状语.第二个空选用which,引导一个非限制性定语从句.

43.C.本句话的定语从句是whoowncars.其先行词是people,因此,定语从句的谓语动词要用复数的own。本句话主句的主语是Thenumberof指“…..的数目”，是单数概念。因此，主句的谓语动词要用is。

44.D.thatfollowed是定语从句，关系代词that在从句中作主语。

45.A.先行词gas被only修饰，关系代词要用that，而不用which。

46.B.throughwhich引导定语从句，throughwhich即throughthehole,在定语从句中作状语。What引导的是see的宾语从句，并作从句的主语。

47.B.为便于理解，改写本句话：ThisistheschoolthatsomeGermanfriendsvisitedlastweek.不难看出，作表语的theschool是先行词。that引导了定语从句，因为that同时又作visited的宾语，所以被省略了。其它选项结构不对。

48.A.解释见35题。

49.C.因为是twoballpens,并且定语从句的谓语writes是单数概念。因此，C是正确选项。

50.B.本句话中，主句的主语是all,为抽象概念。因此，其谓语应用单数的hasbeen。关系代词that引导定语从句，并在从句中作主语。

高考英语情景交际

情景交际
几个常考的交际用语
①Italldepends!(视情况而定);
②whatif(倘若......会怎么样);
③Whatfor?(做什么用，为什么);
④Sowhat?(那又怎么样);
⑤Gotit!(明白了);
⑥Takeyourtime.(别着急);
⑦Takeiteasy.(放松点);
⑧It’supto…(由……决定)。

I.日常交际应答语
1.感谢与应答
感谢
Thankyouverymuch.
Thanksalot.
Manythanks.
应答
Thatsallright.
Thanksforhelpingme.
Yourewelcome.
ThatsOK.
Notatall.
It’smypleausre.
Don’tmentionit.
It’snothing.
Thinknothingofit.
Forgetit.
2.道歉与应答
道歉
Imsorry.
Imsorrytotroubleyou.
I’msorrytohavekeptyouwaiting.
应答
Itdoesntmatter.
Itsnotimportant.
Thats/It’snothing.
Notatall.
Nevermind.
That’sallright.
Forgetit.
That’sOK.
Noproblem.
Nottoworry.
3.劝告、建议与应答
劝告和建议
Ithinkyououghtto…我想你应该……
IfIwereyou,I’d…如果我是你，我会……
Itmightbeagoodideaifyou…如果你……这倒是个好主意。
Haveyoueverthoughtof…?你是否想过要……?
Irecommendthat……我建议……
Istronglyadviseyouto……我极力主张你……
Youreallyoughtto……你的确应该……
Personally,Ithinkyou’dbetter……依我看，你最好……
Whynotdo……?为什么不……?
Whydon’tyoudo……?你为什么不……?
Isuggestthat……我建议……
Whataboutdoing……?……怎么样?
Howaboutdoing……?……怎么样?
Shallwe……?我们去……好吗?
Let’s……,shallwe?让我们去……好吗?
Youneed(to)……你需要……
应答
肯定的：
Goodidea.
That’sgreat.
Soundsgreat.
Itsoundsgreat.
That’sfine.
Whynot?
否定的：
I’dloveto,but…
I’mafraid…
It’sanidea,but…
4.请求与应答
请求
MayI...?
CanI?
CouldI...?
DoyoumindifI…
应答
肯定的：
Withpleasure.
Certainly(Ofcourse)
Sure,goahead.
Yes,helpyourself.
OfCoursenot,goahead(回答DoyoumindifI…的请求)
否定的：
I’mafraidnot.
Betternot.
I’dratheryoudidn’t.
5.应答对方的要求
肯定的：
Allright.
Iwill.
否定的：
Noway.
Forgetit.
—Doremembertocallmeupwhenyouarrive.—Iwill.
—IthinkyoushouldphoneJennyandsaysorrytoher.—Noway.Itwasherfault.
6.邀请与应答
邀请
Wouldyouliketo…?
Whydon’twe…?
应答
肯定的：
Thatwouldbefine.
Tha’sverykindofyou.
Allright.
Yes,I’dloveto.
否定的：
I’dloveto,but…
Sorry,Ican’t.
I’mafraidIcan’t.
7.祝愿、祝贺与应答
祝愿、祝贺
Goodluck!
Bestwishestoyou.
Haveanice/goodtime/journey.
Congratulations!
HappyNewYear!
MerryChristmas!
Happybirthdaytoyou.
应答
Thankyou!
Thesametoyou.
You,too.
—HappyNewYear!(MerryChristmas!)
—Thesametoyou.(You,too.)
8.鼓励、赞扬与应答
鼓励、赞扬
Verygood.
Welldone.
Wonderful.
Excellent.
Comeon.
Keeptrying.
Youcandoit.
应答
Thankyou.
OK.
I’lltryitagain.
9.提供帮助与应答
主动提供帮助时：
CanIhelpyou?
WhatcanIdoforyou
Wouldyoulikemetohelpyou?
Doyouwantmeto…
Letme…
需要别人帮助时：
Yes，please
ThankyouforyourhelpThanks.
不需要别人帮助时：
No，thankyouthankyouallthesame.
That’sverykindofyou,but…
II.情感态度的表达
1.表示惊奇
Really?
Howcome?(何以会……?为什么)
Whatasurprise!
Oh，dear!
Goodheavens!
2.表示同情
I’msorrytohearthat.
Don’tworry.
Whatapity!
That’sreallyunlucky.
Badluck.
Justmyluck.
3.表示安慰
Don’tworry.
Don’tbeafraid.
Takeyourtime.
Takeiteasy.
Makeyourselfathome.
It’squiteallright.
It’llbeOK.
4.表示鼓励
Comeon.
Cheerup.
Youcandoit.
Youwillmakeit.
5.表示同意
Iquiteagree.
Icouldn’tagreemore.
Exactly.
Certainly.
Absolutely.
Ofcourse.
Allright.
That’sagoodidea.
Noproblem.
Ithinkso.
6.表示不同意
Notreally.
NotExactly.
Idon’tquiteagree.
Idon’tthinkso.
I’mafraidnot.
It’shardtosay.
Well,that’sdepend.
Noway.
Ofcoursenot.
7.表示不在乎
Sowhat?
Whocares?

III.日常交际问答
1.问候
①A:Goodmorning/afternoon/evening.
Hello/Hi.
Howdoyoudo?
Nicetomeetyou.
B:答语与问候语相同。
②A:Howareyou?
B:Fine,thankyou.Andyou?
A:Verywell,thankyou.
2.问时间、日期
A:Whatdayisit?B:ItsMonday.
A:Whatsthedate?B:ItsJan.10th.
A:Whatsthetime,please?B:Itsfiveoclock/halfpastfive...Itstimeto...
3.打电话
Thisis…(speaking).我是……(不说Iam…)
Itis…here.我是……
MayIspeakto…,please?请找……接电话好吗?
CanIspeakto…,please?请找……接电话好吗?
CouldIspeakto…,please?请找……接电话好吗?
I’dliketospeakto…,please.请找……接电话好吗?
Who’sthat(speaking/calling)?你是谁?(不说Whoareyou?)
Isthat…(speaking)?你是……吗?
Is…there?……在吗?
Is…in?……在吗?
Holdon,please.请稍等。
Holdtheline,please.请稍等。
CanItakeamessage?你可以留个口信吗?(对方要找的人不在时)
Canyougive/leaveamessage?你可以留个口信吗?(对方要找的人不在时)
Can/CouldIaskwhoiscalling?请问您是哪位?
MayIhaveyourtelephonenumber?您的电话号码是多少?
4.购物
WhatcanIdoforyou?您要买点什么?
CanIhelpyou?　您要买点什么?
What’sthepriceof…?……的价钱是多少?
Howmuchis…?……多少钱?
It’swellworththemoney.很合算。
Haveyougotanythingalittlecheaper?有没有比这便宜点的?
Howmuchdoesitcometo?总共多少钱?
Howmuchisitaltogether?总共多少钱?
Tryitforsize.试试大小。
Willyoushowme…?请拿给我看……?
Haveyougotany…?你们有……吗?
It’sabittoolarge(small,plain.gaudyetc.)forme.
这对于我来说太大(太小，太素，太花哨等)了。
That’sfine.I’lltakeit.那好，我买了。
That’stooexpensive,I’mafraid.恐怕那太贵了。
Whatcolourdoyouwant?你要什么颜色?
Whatsizedoyouwant?你要什么尺寸的?
Doyouhaveanyotherkind?你们有别的种类吗?
5.问路
Excuseme.Where’s…?劳驾，……在什么地方?
Excuseme.Canyoutellmethewayto…?劳驾，你能告诉我去……的路吗?
HowcanIgetto…?我怎样去……?
Godownthisstreet.顺着这条街走。
Turnrightatthefirstcrossing.在第一个十字路口向右拐。
Turnleftatthesecondcrossing.在第二个十字路口向左拐。
It’sabout…metresfromhere.离这里大约有……米。
It’sonlyaten-minutewalkfromhere.走十分钟就到了。
Gostraightaheadtillyousee…一直往前走直到你看见……

1.—Thisfreegiftdoesntlookgood.
—_____________,madam,butifyouwantgoodquality,youhavetopayforit.
A.NoproblemB.NodoubtC.NooffenceD.Noway
2.—Wasyesterday’spartyagreatsuccess?
—______.Tom,whoisagoodmixer,didn’tshowup.
A.NotsurprisinglyB.NotnecessarilyC.NotexactlyD.Notreally
3.——CanIgetyouacupofcoffee?
——___________.
A.Withpleasure.B.Youcanplease.C.That’sveryniceofyou.D.Thankyouforthecoffee.
4.—I’msoanxiousaboutmydrivingtesttomorrow.Wouldyoupleasegivemesomeadvice?
—____.I’msureyouaregoodenoughtopassit.Beconfidentofyourself.
A.AbsolutelyB.TakeiteasyC.YouarerightD.Notreally
5.—Youshouldn’thavetakenpicturesbeforethecarvedstones.
—___________.
A.PardonmeB.Yes,IwillC.NevermindD.Don’tmentionit
6.—PleasetellBrucehehaswonthefirstprizeinthemathscontest.
—________!Heneverdidsowellbefore.
A.CongratulationsB.GoodluckC.That’srightD.Whatagoodsurprise
7.—Tom,Igotastrangecallthismorning,sayingIhadwonanexpensivecar,whichpuzzledme.
—___________
A.Congratulations.B.Youarealuckydog.C.Forgetit.It’stooexpensive.D.Perhapsit’satrick
8.—Don’tyouagreewithwhathesaid?
—Yes，!Itcan’tbe.
A.approximately;betterB.absolutely;betterC.relatively;worseD.fortunately;worse
9.—I’dliketoinviteyoutomynewhousethisSunday.
—________.
A.Oh,no.Let’snotB.I’mverysorry,butIhaveotherplans
C.I’dratherstayathomeD.Oh,no.That’llbetoomuchtrouble
10.—Sorry,Peter.I’mafraidthatIcan’tgotothecrosstalkshowbyGuoDegangwithyou.
—!Whoknowswhenhewillcomeherenexttime?
A.TakeiteasyB.WhatashameC.Itdoesn’tmatterD.Doasyoulike
11.—Doyoumindmysmokinghere?
—__________!
A.No,thanksB.No.GoodideaC.Yes,pleaseD.Yes.Betternot
12.—Tom,wouldyouliketocometoourdinnerparty?
—_____.
A.Yes,IwouldB.Sure,it’smypleasureC.No,Ican’tcomeD.Yes,withpleasure
13.—MynameisJackSmith.________
—Hi!I’mJackson.
A.Howdoyoudo?B.Nicetomeetyouagain.
C.Howaboutyou?D.Howareyou?
14.—Hergrandpapassedawayyesterday.
—______.
A.Howdoyoulikeit?B.Hewasakindman.C.Sorrytohearthat.D.Whatshallwedo?
15.—ShallwegotherenextSunday?
—________?
—Toseethefootballmatch.
A.WhatwithB.WhatbyC.WhatforD.Whaton
16.—IsthereanythingIcandoforyou，sir?
—_____.
A.Perhaps.GoaheadB.No.Takeyourtime
C.Yes.YourewelcomeD.Notnow.Thanksanyway
17.—Sorry,Icantgocampingwithyou.Ihavetopreparewellenoughfortheentrance-exam.
—________!Wecancamptogethernexttime.
A.DontsaysoB.CongratulationsC.GoodluckD.Noproblem
18.—I’mgoingtotraveltoSydney.Wouldyoupleasetellmeaboutyourexperiencesthere?
—________.Let’sdiscussitoverlunch.
A.GoaheadB.ItjustdependsC.That’swonderfulD.Byallmeans
19.—ShallIbeginthelecture?
—I’mafraidwehavetowaitforawhile.Johniscomingwithamicrophone.
—.Icandowithoutthemicrophone.
A.I’msorryB.ExcusemeC.IbegyourpardonD.Nevermind
20.—Willhebebackbytentonight?
—No,_____.
A.IthinknotsoB.I’mnotafraidC.I’mafraidnotD.Idon’thopeso
21.—Tom,youaresmokingagain?
—______?It’snoneofyourbusiness.
A.SowhatB.HowcomeC.WhynotD.Whatfor
22.—Youmustobeyeverywordofmine!
一______Idon’t?
A.HowaboutB.WhatifC.SowhatD.whatabout
23.—Doremembertochargethebattery12hourswhenyoufirstuseit.
—.
A.MadeitB.GotitC.UnderstooditD.Rememberedit
24.—Whatkindofdancingdoyoulike?
—____________.Ifit’srockmusicI’lldodisco，andifit’sromanticmusicI’lldoballet.
A.pardonB.Ican’ttellyouC.ItalldependsD.Notexactly
25.—DoyouthinkIshouldjointhesinginggroup,Mary?
—_____.IfIwereinyourshoes,Icertainlywould.
A.NoneofyourbusinessB.ItdependsC.WhynotD.Idon’tthinkso
26.—Isthereanythingwrongwithmyheart?
—Nothingserious.____________.
A.Takeiteasy.B.CheerupC.NowayD.Whatapity
27.—Excuseme,couldyoupleasesparemeafewminutestoexplainthis?
—Sorry,butImustgotoameetingnow.
—_______________.
A.ThanksalotB.WhatapityC.IamsorrytohearthatD.Thanksanyway
28.—WhoseadvicedoyouthinkIshouldfollow?
—___________.
A.NoproblemB.ComeonC.It’suptoyouD.Well,that’slife
29.—Canyouturndowntheradio,please?
—________.
A.Oh,IknowB.Imsorry;Ididntrealizeitwasthatloud
C.Illkeepitdownnexttime.D.Pleaseforgiveme
30.—I’mnotgoodatbasketball,youknow.
—_______We’replayingforfun.Justtryandyou’llseeyoucandoit.
A.Well,itdepends.B.Takeyourtime.C.Comeon!D.That’sOK.
31.—ShallIgiveyouahandwiththisasyouaresobusynow?
—Thankyou._______.
A.OfcourseyoucanB.IfyoulikeC.It’suptoyouD.Itcouldn’tbebetter
32.—Ican’tfinishthepaperuntiltomorrow,I’mafraid.
—That’sOK,there’s______.
A.noproblemB.nohurryC.nodoubtD.nowonder
33.—Wouldyoulikeanothercupoftea?
—Thanks,.
A.butwhynotB.butI’drathernotC.andI’dlikenotD.andI’drathernot
34.—I’mafraidIcan’tfinishthebookwithinthisweek.
—-_______.
A.PleasegoaheadB.That’srightC.NotatallD.Takeyourtime
35.—Imnotgoodatsinging，youknow.
—Itsjustforfun.
A.Noproblem.B.Comeon!C.Whatapity!D.Cheerup.
36.—MichaelwaslateforMr.Smith’soralclassthismorning.
—_____?AsfarasIknow,henevercamelatetoclass.
A.HowcomeB.SowhatC.WhynotD.Whatfor
37.—Hi,MrYu,Iwanttobuyapen,butIhappentohavenomoneywithme.Couldyoulendmesome?
—__________.
A.That’sfineB.NothingseriousC.NevermindD.Noproblem
38.—Couldyoupleasetellmetheanswertothisquestion?
—_______________!Itisnotmystyletohelppeoplecheat.
A.NoproblemB.NowayC.NotatallD.Nodoubt
39.—Let’sgohikingthisafternoon,Ok?
—__________
A.Notatall.B.Nevermind.C.Whynot?D.Whatofit?
40.—Thetoastbreadisreallydelicious.CanIhaveasecondpiece?
—_________.
A.BehaveyourselfB.HelpyourselfC.DoityourselfD.Goaheadifyoudon’tmind
41.—Whydon’tyoutakeataxithere?It’llsaveyoualotoftime.
—_________.
A.Thankyouanyway!B.Yes,let’s.C.Goodidea!D.That’sallright.
42.—TheWHOexpertpointsoutthattheH1N1fluremainsaconstantthreattothehealthstateofthewholeworld.
—.It’sreallyaseriousproblemfacingus.
A.Sorry,butIcantB.No,IagreewithyouC.ItsoundsagoodideaD.Ican’tagreemore
43.—Iwaslateforworkthismorning.
—_________Youstartedearly,didn’tyou?
A.Whynot?B.Sowhat?C.Howcome?D.Nevermind..
44.—ShallIbeginthelecture?
-Iafraidwehavetowaitforawhile.Johniscomingwithamicrophone.
-.Icandowithoutthemicrophone.
A.ImsorryB.ExcusemeC.IbegyourpardonD.Nevermind
45.—Howareyougettingonwithyourwork?—.
A.ThankyouB.Fine,thankyouC.Quitewell,thankyouD.Whydoyouaskso?
46.—Shallwegooutforadrinktonight?—______.
A.YouarerightB.ItmustbefunnyC.ThatsoundsgreatD.Haveanicetime.
47.—WouldyoumindifIopenedthewindow?
—______.Infact,Iwasgoingtosuggestyou____it.
A.Yes;notdidB.Notatall;doC.Moreorless;didD.Ofcourse;do
48.—Thankyouverymuchforhelpingmeoutoftrouble,Bob.
—____________.
A.WithpleasureB.Don’tmentionitC.That’srightD.Ihopeso
49.—CanItakeaweek’sholiday,Sir?
—_________;wearetoobusyatpresent.
A.Don’tworryB.Don’tmentionitC.ForgetitD.Noproblem
50.—Don’tinterruptmewhileI’mexplainingtheproblemstoyou.
—______.
A.Allright，goaheadB.It’smypleasureC.Ofcourse，withpleasureD.Notatall

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