一名优秀的教师就要对每一课堂负责，作为教师就要早早地准备好适合的教案课件。教案可以让学生能够在课堂积极的参与互动，使教师有一个简单易懂的教学思路。那么一篇好的教案要怎么才能写好呢？为此，小编从网络上为大家精心整理了《Literature教案》，希望对您的工作和生活有所帮助。

Module3Literature
Thefirstperiod(词汇教学)
Teachingaims
1.Trainanddevelopstudents’abilityofsolvingproblems(multiplechoices)
2.trainanddevelopstudents’abilityofreadingcomprehension
3.enablestudents’tomastertheusagesofthefollowing9words:Scene;feed:Serveeager;appetite;whisper;desperate;seize;hang
Teachingprocedures:
Step1.Checkstudents’homework
1.Checktheanswersofdailyexercise59andsolvethedifficultproblemsingroups(Students’activity1)
T:Haveyoudoneyourdailyexercises?Firstletmecheckyouranswers.Thenyoucandealwithyourproblemsinyourgroups.
2.ChecktheanswersofreadingmaterialAinthenewspaper
Step2Newwords
1.Scene
1).(戏剧的)一场2).场面;事件[C]
3.)景色,景象;(舞台)布景[C]
Whatafantasticmountainscene!多么迷人的山景!
4.)(事件发生的)地点,现场;(戏剧等的)背景[theS][(+of)]
Thecriminalfledthescene.罪犯逃离了现场。
ThesceneofthisplayissetinIreland.这出戏的场景是在爱尔兰。
辨析：scene,scenery,sight和view
I.相同点：都可表示“风景，景色”II.不相同点：
1).scene(c)具体某处一时的景色,以天然景色为主
Thesunsetisabeautifulscene.日落是很美的景象。
2).scenery(u)某个地区或国家整体的自然风景
Thesceneryinthemountainsisverybeautiful.
3).sight(c)以人文景观或历史遗址为主的景观
TheGreatWallisoneofthesightsoftheworld.
4).view(c)在远处或高处展现在眼前的景色
Thehillaffordsaviewofthecity.从这座小山上可以眺望都市。
选词填空：view/scenery/scene/sight（活动二）
1.Whatawonderfulfromyourwindow!
2.Afterthefire,thehousewasaterrible.
3.Theinthemountainsisverybeatiful.
4.Wehadagoodofthetownfromthetopofthehill.
Keys:1.view2.sight/scene3scenery4.view
2.feed
Theroominwhichtheboyswerefedwasalargestonehall,withalargepotatoneend.
喂（养）、饲（养），为……提供食物,供给。其用法归纳如下：
Shehasalargefamilytofeed,
①在feedsb/sthon/--给—吃--
Hefeedsthedogson/withfreshmeat.
Shefeedsherbabywithasmallspoon.
②feedon主语是“人”或“动物”。意思是：吃；以……为食物。如：Cowsfeedmainlyongrass.
Feedsthtosb/sth拿---喂---
Befedupwith吃得过饱对---极其厌倦受够了
Bewell/poorlyfed/吃得好、不好
即时演练。活动三
1.Batsfiyatnightandinsects
2.Shehislazinessandcarelessnessanddecidedtoleavehim.
3.Youcanmilkthebabywhoishungry.
4.Theirmothercouldn’tthemmeatandfisheveryday
Keys:1.feedon2.wasfedupwith3.feed;to4.feed;on
3.Servev端上饭菜
Dotheyservemealsinthebar?
Breakfastisservedintherestaurantbetween7and9.
早上7-9点之间供应早餐。
We’llservelunchatoneo’clock我们一点将会开饭。
Theyserveusadeliciouslunch.
(2)为—服务，为—服役
Servethepeople为人民服务
Willyouservehim?.
Heservedasacaptaininthearmy.
Eg;Insomepartsoftheworld,teawithmilkandsugar.
A.isservingBisservedC.servesDserved（B）
4eager
渴望的,急切的[F][(+for)][+to-v][+(that)]
Sheiseagerforsuccess.她渴望成功。
Tomwaseagertovisitme.急于做---
Hehashandedinhistestpaperfprseveraldays
Eg:.Heistoknowtheresultoftheexam.
A.anxiousBeagerCworriedDAorBkey.D
5.appetiteN胃口，食欲，欲望还可指“兴趣爱好渴望”
Eg:WhenIwasill,Icompletelylostmyappetile.
Hehasanappetileforwritingpoems.她爱好写诗。
Haveanappetilefor对—渴望
Haveagood/badappetile胃口好/不好
Loseone’sappetile食欲减退
Toone’sappetile合某人的口味
Eg:Havingbeenillforquitealongtime,thelittlegirldoesn’thaveforanyfood.A.atouchBdesireCanappetileDawish
6whispervi.whispertosb低语,耳语;私语
Sheiswhisperingtohim.她正对他窃窃私语。
Eg:Mumtous,”Bequiet!”yourlittlesister”ssleeping
A.whisperedBshoutedCexpainedDrepliedkey.A
7desperate危急的;绝望的
Hewasdesperatewhenhelostallhismoney.当他丢了所有的钱时,他绝望了。
极度渴望的
Hewasdesperateforworktoprovideforalargefamily
他渴望有个工作,挣钱供养子女众多的家。
EG:Lookatthatoldwoman!Sheislookingaroundforhelp.Shemustbelost.
A.sociallyBaccidentallyCdesperatelyDabsolutelyKey.C
Eg:Shefeltverywhenherhusband,amanwhomshehadbeenlovingallthroughherlife,died.
A.desperateBdisappointedCdisabledDdesertedkey.A
8.seizevt.
1.抓住;捉住Thepoliceseizedanescapingconvict.警察抓住了一个在逃犯。
Heseizedherhandandshookitheartily.他拉住她的手高兴地握着。
2.夺取;攻占
Theenemyseizedthetownafteraviolentattack.敌人猛攻后占领了这个城镇。
3.抓住(时机等),利用
HeseizedthechanceofatriptoSingapore.他抓住那次去新加坡旅行的机会。
4掌握,理解shecouldseizewhatIsaidjustnow.
Seizeon/uponsth采纳利用抓住
Sheseizedonmysuggestionandbegantoworkimmediately.
Eg:Hedecidedtothemomentandaskhertomarryhim.
AachiveBkeepCseizeDholdkey.C
9.Hangv绞死吊死hang-hanged-hanged
Hewashangedformurder.Hewasfoundguiltyandhangedlaterthatyear.
Hewascondemnedtobehanged.
Withsolittleevidencetoproveherguilt,fewpeoplethoughtsheshouldhang.
V悬挂着吊着hang-hung-hung
Ihungmycoatonahook(挂钩).
Hangabout闲逛徘徊hangback退缩踌躇不前
hangon紧紧地抓住，继续等待坚持hangup挂断电话
eg:Mysistertoldmethatthewetclothesshoulduptodryinthesun.
AhangBbehungCbehangedDhangedkeyB
ThesecondperiodWords(词汇教学)
Teachingaims
1Trainanddevelopstudents’abilityofsolvingproblems(multiplechoices)
2Trainanddevelopstudents’abilityofreadingcomprehension
3.Enablestudents’tomastertheusagesofthefollowing9words:reward,intendrepay,cast,distribute,attain,pile,bunch,accomplish
Teachingprocedures:
Step1.Checkstudents’homework
1.Checktheanswersofdailyexercise60andsolvethedifficultproblemsingroups
活动一
T:Haveyoudoneyourdailyexercises?Firstletmecheckyouranswers.Thenyoucandealwithyourproblemsinyourgroups.
2.ChecktheanswersofreadingmaterialBinthenewspaper活动二
Step2NewWords
1..rewardn.1.报答;报偿;奖赏;报应[U][C]
Itisunfairthathegetsverylittleinrewardforhishardwork.
他工作很辛苦,报酬却很少,这不公平。
2.酬金;赏金;奖品[C][(+for)]
Alargerewardisofferedforthecaptureofthecriminals
.巨额悬赏捉拿这些罪犯。
vt.1.报答,报偿;酬谢;奖励[(+with/for)][O1]
WinnerswillberewardedatriptoEngland.
优胜者将获得去英国旅游的奖赏。
2.报应;惩罚(坏人或坏事)[(+for)]
Hewillsoonerorlaterberewardedforhiswickedconduct.
他的恶行迟早会受到报应。
award，reward
这两个词都可以用作名词和动词，作名词时，意义相近，但不是同义词。
作名词时，award的意思是“奖品”、“奖金”，其义与prize近似，两者都指因为作出杰出成就而受奖。例：
TheOlympicwinnerreceivedagoldmedalasanaward．
Hewonthesecondawardof$2，000．
而reward作名词时，其意为“赏金”、“酬金”或一些非金钱的报酬。例：
Wewillofferarewardoftenthousanddollarsforinformationaboutthecase．
如果有人提供有关案件的情报，我们愿意出一万元赏金。
Wedontexpectsubstantialrewards．
我们并不期望得到优厚的报酬。
用作动词时，award的意思是“授与”、“颁发”、“判给”；reward则表示“报答”、“酬谢”之意。例：
HewasawardedthefirstprizeforOutstandingIndustrialDesign．
他获杰出工业设计一等奖。
Wejudgeawardedhimtwentythousanddollarsasdamages．
法官判给他二万元作为赔偿费。
Youshouldrewardthemaccordingtotheirdeserts．你应该对他们论功行赏。
Isthathowyourewardmeformyhelp？你就是这样来报答我给你的帮助吗？
选词填空Award/reward/prize活动三
1.Fivepeoplewonthe“China’sGreenFigure”,atitlegiventoordinarypeoplefortheircontributionstoenvironmentalprotection.
2.Themayorhasofferedaof$5,000toanyonewhocancapturethetigeraliveordead.
3.SinceIwonthebig,mytelephonehasntstoppedringing.PeoplecalledtoaskhowIwouldspendthemoney.KEYS1.award2.reward3prize
2.intendv打算意欲想要主张
Heintendsnoharm.他没有恶意。
Iintendtogohome.我想回家。
Thebookisintendedforbeginners.本书是为初学者编写的。
Iintenditasastop-gap.我想拿它凑数。
Beintendedfor打算供---使用；打算为----准备intendsbtodosth打算让某人做某事
Intendtodosth/intenddoingsth打算做某事
Intend作“建议主张”解从句谓语用should+do
Eg:Theyintendedgoing.butthepresidentintendedthatsheshouldgo.

intendmeanpropose都含“想做某事”的意思。
intend系正式用语,指“心里已有做某事的目标或计划”,含有“行动坚决”之意,如:
Iintendedtowritetoyou.我要给你写信。
mean可与intend互换,但强调“做事的意图”,较口语化,如:
Imeantogotobedearliertonight.今晚我想早些睡觉。
propose指“公开明确地提出自已的目的或计划”,如:
Iproposedtospeakforanhour.我想讲一小时。
Eg:1.Allthephotographsinourwebsitesareforeducationalpurposesonlyandarenotforcommercialuseinanyform.
A.enclosedBinspectedCrelatedD.intended
2.ThefilmHarryPotterIVisforchildrenabove12andadultsforitcontainshorrorandviolence.ApromisedBintendedCadmittedDpermitted
KeysDB
3.repayvt.偿还,报答,报复vi.偿还,报答,报复
Whenwillyourepayme?你什么时候还我钱？
Youshouldrepayyour你应该偿还你的债务。
HowcanIeverrepayyou?我要怎样才能报答你呢
Iamobligatedtorepaytheloan.我必须还清贷款
.Wehopetorepayyourvisitbetimes.我们希望不久能对您回访。
Icanneverrepayyouforyourkindness.你的善意我终生难报。
Icannotrepayyouforallyourkindnesses.
我永远报答不完你多方的好意
4.castv1.投,掷,抛,扔,撒
N演员阵容[C][G]
Thecastoftheplaywasverystrong.这出戏的演员阵容非常强。
5.distribute1.分发;分配[(+to/among)]
Theyhaddistributedthelandsamongthepeasants.
他们把土地分给农民。
2.散布,分布[(+over)]
Thisspeciesofbutterflyiswidelydistributedoverourcountry.
这种蝴蝶在我国分布很广。
3.把...分类
4.分,分开[(+into)]
Theteacherdistributedthepupilsintothreegroups.
老师把学生分成三组
EG:Clothesandblanketsamongtherefugeesbynowaftertheearthquakehappened.
A.aredistributedBhavebeendistributed
C.hadbeendistributedDarebeingdistributed
Key.B
6.attainvt.1.达到;获得
Theyarenotlikelytoattainthisaim.他们未必能够达到这一目标。
2.到达vi.1.达到;获得[(+to)]
Shetriedinvaintoattaintofame.她想出名但没有成功。
2.到达[(+to)]Hewillsoonattaintomanhood.
他很快就要到达成年期了
Attainable可获得的可达到的可实现的attainment达到
7.pilen.[C]1.堆;一堆[(+of)]
Apileofdirtyclotheslaybythewashingmachine一堆脏衣服放在洗衣机旁边。
2.大量;大数目[S][P][(+of)]
Hesgotpilesofworktodothismorning.今天上午他有大量工作要做
8.bunchn.[C]1.串,束[(+of)]
MissWhitereceivedabunchofflowersfromheradmirer.怀特小姐收到爱慕者所送的一束花。
2.群,伙,帮[G]
Abunchofchildrenwereatplay.一群孩子在玩
9.accomplishvt1.完成,实现,达到naccomplishment
Theydidntaccomplishthepurposedesired.
他们没有达到预期的目的。
Theyhaveaccomplishedtheirmissionsuccessfully.
他们成功地完成了任务。
2.走完,度过Shehasaccomplished95yearsofherlife.
她已达九十五高龄。
Thejourneywasaccomplishedinfiveweeks.
花了五个礼拜走完全部旅程。
Eg;Theprojectbytheendof2009willexpandthecity’stelephonenetworktocover1,000,000users.
AaccomplishedBbeingaccomplished
CtobeaccomplishedDhavingbeenaccomplished
2.Whatdoyouintendtodowhenyouarewithyourcollegeeducation?
AdoneBaccomplishedCgraduatedDcompleted
KeysCA
Homework;
1.ReviewthemainideasinOliverasksforMore
2.Askthestudentstoretellthetext.
ThethirdperiodIntroductionandCulturalcorner
Teachingaims
1Trainanddevelopstudents’abilityofsolvingproblems(multiplechoices)
2Trainanddevelopstudents’abilityofreadingcomprehension
3.Enablestudents’tomastertheusagesofthefollowing5phrases:inastonishment:ina---voice;nosooner—than;ahugeamountof;bringsthtotheattentionofsb
4.LearnaboutthegreatnovelistCharlesDickens
5.MasterthemainlanguagepointsinthetextinCultureCorner.
Teachingprocedures:
Step1.Checkstudents’homework
1.Checktheanswersofdailyexercise61andsolvethedifficultproblemsingroups
活动一
T:Haveyoudoneyourdailyexercises?Firstletmecheckyouranswers.Thenyoucandealwithyourproblemsinyourgroups.
2.ChecktheanswersofreadingmaterialCinthenewspaper活动二
3.Expainthesephrases.
Step2lead-in
T:Goodmorning,class!
Ss:Goodmorning,---
T:Fromtodayon,wearegoingtolearnanewmodule.ThatisModule3andyouarefamiliarwiththetopic---Literature.HaveyouheardofCharlesDickens?Canyousaysomethingabouthim?
S:HeisoneoftheEnglishmostfamousnovelists.
T:Good.Thankyou!Haveyoureadanynovelfromhim?
S2:Ihaveread…(HardTimes,ATaleofTwoCities,GreatExpectationsandsoon.)
T:Itseemsthatyouareveryinterestedinliterature.I’msogladthatyouhavereadsomeofCharlesDickens’novels.Today,thelessonforusisrelatedtoCharlesDickensandhisnovels
T:PleaseopenyourbooksandturntoPage29.HereisabriefintroductionaboutCharlesDickens.Letusreadtheshortpassageheretoknowsomethingabouthimandhisnovels.(Askthestudentstoreadtheshortpassagetogetherandfillthischartaccordingtotheintroduction.)
1.Finishthesequestionsaccordingtothepassage.
photoascenefromOliverTwist
NovelistCharlesDickens(England)
WhenwastheVictorianperiod?Inthemiddleofthe19thcentury
Wheredidthestorytakeplace?
Manyofhisnovelstakeplacein_London.
WhoisOliver?apoororphan_boy_wholivesinaworkhouse_
T:Verygood.Nowcanyoutellmewhotheboyisinthepicture?
S1:Oliver.
T:HeisthemaincharacterinthenovelcalledOliverTwist.Canyoufindasentenceinthepassagetodescribehim?
Ss:Oliverisapoororphanboywholiveswithotherchildreninalargehousecalledaworkhouse.
T:Thankyou.Anyonecantellussomemoreaboutthenovel?
T:Great.Beforeourclass,Iaskedyoutofindsomeinformationabouthisothernovelsingroups.NowIwillgiveyousomemoreminutestoworktogetherandthenpleaseshowsomethingforus.
(Thestudentsworkingroups.)
T:Timeisup.It’syourtimetoshow.Whichgroupwantstobethefirst?
T:JustnowwehavetalkedaboutCharlesDickens’novels.Fromhisnovelswecanknowheissuchafamousnovelist,butwhatabouthislife?
Ss:Wedon’tknow.
T:SopleaseturntoPage41andreadthepassageaboutCharlesDickens.
(Givethestudentssometimetoreadthepassageandfinishsomerelatedexerciseingroups.Theycanchoosethefollowingtasks.)
Task1:Fillinthechartwithsomeinformationfromthepassage.
Theyearofbirthanddeath1812--1870
TheplaceofbirthLondon
HisfamilyHisfatherwasputinprison.
Hischildhoodunhappyandpoor
WhenhewasyoungHeworkedasajournalistandmetmanypeople.
HisnovelsOliverTwistDavidCopperfield
ATaleofTwocitiesGreatExpectations
HisinfluencesHisbookswerepopularandthereadersusuallybecameexcited.
Step3..AskSstoreadtheCulturalCornercarefullyandtellusthemainidea.
Foryourreference:
Para1:CharlesDickens’birthandhisschooling(education)andhischildhoodaswell.
Para2:CharlesDickens’workorexperiences,whichhasinfluencedhisfictionsandstories.
Para3:CharlesDickens’writingexperiences.
Para4:CharlesDickens’influenceandcontributions.
3.AskSstoreadtheCulturalCornercarefullyanddiscussthequestionsonpage41.
SuggestedAnswers:
(1)Hisfatherwasinprison,andhehadtomakealivingbyworkinginafactoryasachild;Heworkedforanewspaperandapoliticaljournalistinhisnovels.
(2)Thestoryhasahappyending.OliverTwistatlastfoundoutwhohisparentswereandfoundalovinghome.
(3)Dickensoftenwroteaboutthesocialproblemsrelatedtothepoorpeople,wholivedahardlife,sothatthelivesofthepoorwereimproved.
4.AskSstounderstandthedifficultsentences.
(1)Hisfatherwasputinprisonbecausehecouldnotpayhisbills.
(2)Hewasveryunhappy,butlaterinlife,hewasabletowriteverywellaboutpovertybecausehehasactuallyexperiencedithimself.
(3)Dickensalwayshadahugeamountofenergy.
(4)However,itbroughtchildpovertytotheattentionofthepublic,andforthisreasonaloneitisaveryimportantnovel.
Step4
Languagepoints:
1.amount
只能修饰可数名词的：alarge/great/goodnumberof,agood/greatmany,dozensof,scoresof,quiteafew
只能修饰不可数名词的：agreatdealof,alargeamountof,quitealittle,alargesumof
既可修饰可数也可修饰不可数名词的：plentyof,alotof,lotsof,alargequantityof,agoodsupplyof

(1)Asaresultofdestroyingtheforests,alarge_______ofdesert________coveredtheland.(Key:B)
A.number;hasB.quantity;hasC.number;haveD.quantity;have
(2)Theyoungdancerslookedsocharmingintheirbeautifulclothesthatwetook________
picturesofthem.(2003年，上海)(Key:B)
A.manyofB.massesofC.thenumberofD.alargeamountof
Homework:
1.Learnthenewwordsbyheartandprepareforadictationnextclass.
2.Previewthenextpartofthismodule:
IntroductionandVocabularyandReading.(10
2.FinishtheExercisesinthetextbook.
Step5板书设计
ThefourthperiodReadingandVocabulary(1)
Teachingaims;
1.AskthestudentstotalkaboutCharlesdickensandhisworks.
2.ReadandfindthemainideaofOliverasksforMoreinReadingandVocabulary(1)
3.FinishEx.1,2and3inReadingandVocabulary(1)
Teachingprocedure;
Step1Revision:
Step2
1.Checktheanswers(dailyexercisesandnewspaper)活动一
2.AskthestudentstointroduceCharlesdickensorally.
3.Leading-in
GiveSsseveralfilmpostersofOliverTwistandTheGreatExpectations,andthenaskthemtoexpresstheiropinionsaboutthetwoworks.
Step3ReadingComprehension:
1.AskSstofinishActivity3onpage32tolearnthenewwords.Iftheydon’tknowthemeanings,theycanlookupthedictionary.
2.AskSstofillinthefollowingblankswiththecorrectformofthewordsjustlearnt.
Johnhasjustgotoutofprison.Nowheis___(1)____tohuntforajobto___(2)_____hisbigfamily,buthehasnotbeen___(3)______forthreemonthsyet.Yesterdayhewaswalkingonthestreetwhenhewas__nudged______bysomebody,andtheman____(4)____himbyhisarm.Tohisgreat___(5)_____,itwasoneofhis____(6)______.Theyweresoexcitedtomeeteachotheratfirst,buta___(7)_____lookappearedonJohn’sfaceatoncewhenJohnheardthatthemanhasbeen___(8)____bythegovernmentandisgoingtoworkabroad.
SuggestedAnswers:
(1)eager(2)support(3)employed(4)seized
(5)astonishment(6)companions(7)desperate(8)rewarded
选做;Makeyourownchoicestothefollowingquestionstomakesureyouhaveunderstoodthetextwell.
1.Whydidtheboyssitstaringatthepotwhentheyhadfinishedeatingtheirsoup?
A.becausetheywantedtocleanthebowls.
B.Becausetheywaitedthereformorefood.
C.Becausetheyweresohungrythattheywantedtoeatmore.
D.Becausetheywantedtopracticecooking.
2.HowdidOliverfeelwhenheaskedformorefood?
A.ExcitedB.DesperateC.HopefulD.Brave
3.HowdidthemanagersoftheworkhousethinkofOliver’saskingformorefood.?
A.ThoutfulB.InterestingC.UnthinkableD.Amusing
4.Whatcanweinferfromthetext?
A.Thetallboy’sfatherhadkeptasmallcookshop.
B.Oliverwaschosentoaskformorefood.
C.WhenOliveraskedformore,hewasimmediatelylockedinaroom.
D.Thepoorsufferedalotandhadnorightintheoldsociety.KeysCBCD
3.AskSstoreadthestoryquicklyandchoosethebestsummaryinActivity1onpage30.
4.GetSstofindoutwherethewordsofActivity2areinthepassage.Thenaskthemtochoosethebestmeaning.
5.AskSstoreadthepassagecarefullyandcompletethesentencesinActivity4onpage32.
6.Checktheiranswers.
Mainpointsexplaining.
Explainsomelanguagepointsinthepassage.
1.inastonishmentHestaredinacompleteastonishmentatthechildandheldontothepotforsupport.他非常惊讶地盯住那孩子，手扶在锅上，撑住自己。
Helookedatmeinastonishment.他惊奇地望着我。
inastonishment十分惊愕,惊异不已
toonesastonishment使人吃惊的是
eg:Iwaslookingformykeysallday,butwhenIcamehome,tomy,thekeyswereinthedoor.
A.sorrowBexcitementCastonishmentD.curiosity
2.ina---voice以—的声音
Hespeaksinaloudvoicesothateverybodycanhearhim.
Voice前可以有angryweakgentle等形容词修饰
1.他恶声恶气地回答。.
2.他很大声地唱歌.
keys:1.Herepliedinanangryvoice.
2.Hesangthissonginaloudvoice.
3ahugeamountof
.Dickensalwayshadahugeamountofenergy.狄更斯精力相当的充沛。
Step4.Homework
1.Reviewthewholetextandfindoutthemainwordsandphrasesinthetext.
2.FindmorematerialsaboutCharlesDickensandOliverTwist.
Period5ReadingandVocabulary(2)
Teachingaim;.
MasterthemainpointsinReadingandVocabulary(2).
Procedure
Revision
1.ReviewthemainideasinOliverasksforMore
2.Askthestudentstoretellthetext.
ReadingandVocabulary(2)
1.Askthestudentstodescribethepictureinthetextbook
2.AskthestudentstoreadthetextofGreatExpectations.
3.Saywhathavelearntabouttherelationshipbetweenthemanandtheboyinthepicture.
4.Readthewordsintheboxwiththewholeclassandhavethemrepeatthemchorally.
5.Pairthechildrentoworkouttheconversation
Readthepassageagain.Answerthequestions.
Answerthequestions:
1.WhatarethegreatsurpriseinPip’slife?
2WhatisthegreatsurpriseinEstella’slife?
3HowdoesPipandEstella’srelationshipchange?
4HowdoesPipandMagwitch’srelationshipchange?
Period6ReadingPractice
Teachingaims:
1.MasterthemainlanguageReadingPractice.
2.Learnabout19thcentury’sLondon.
Procedure
Revision:
1.Reviewthetextlearnedlastclass.
2.CheckthemainlanguagepointsinReadingandVocabulary(2).
Reading
1.Askthestudentstoguesswhatthepassagemaytalkabout.
2.Pairwork:DiscussthequestionsinActivity1.
3.AskthestudentstohaveaquickreadingofthepassageinReadingPracticeandcheck.
Readingcomprehension.
1.Readthepassageandchoosethesentencewhichbestexpressitsmainidea.
1.AskSstofinishActivity1topredictwhatthepassageisabout,accordingtothetitle“Dickens’London”.
2.AskSstoreadthepassagequicklyanddecidethestructureofthepassage.
Foryourreference:
Part1(paras1~2):AgeneralintroductiontoDickens’London,Dickens’castofcharacterslivedinLondon,andLondonwasafilthycityforrichandpoorpeoplealikeinthemiddleofthe19thcentury.
Part2(paras3~5):DetaileddescriptionofDickens’London,abouttheeastendandthewestend.
Part3(paras6~7):Theendingofthepassage,Londonhaschanged,butyoucanstillseemanyofsightswhichDickenssawandwroteaboutinhisnovels.
ThenaskSstofinishActivity2tochoosethemainideaofthepassage.
3.AsSshaveageneralimpressionofthepassage,getthemtofinishActivity3todecidethetexttypeofthepassage.ThenaskthemtoreadthepassagecarefullyandthenfinishtheexercisesinActivities4and5.
4.AskSstodiscussthefollowingkeysentences:
(1)Everychapterofhisnovelsdescribesthesights,sounds,andsmellsofthecity,andprovidesasocialcommentaryofLondonlife.
(2)TheEastEndwasLondon’spoorestdistrict,wherechildrenworeragsforclothesandthewomensearchedindustbinsforfood.
(3)Manypeoplesufferedfromtheeffectsofpoornutritionandevenstarvationbecauseofalackoffood,yettheirwelfarewasofnoconcerntothetaxpayersofLondon.
(4)TheWestEndisthetheatredistrictwhereDickensfeltathomebecause,surprisingly,hethoughthewouldaccomplishmorewithhisdramathanwithhisnovels.
Step4.Homework
1.AskSstoreadmoreaboutCharlesDickensandhisworksOliverTwistandTheGreatExpectations.
2.AskSstodoReading(anotherfictionwrittenbyCharlesChickens)intheWorkbook
3.AskSstopreviewReadingandVocabularyinthemodule.

强调句是一种修辞，是人们为了表达自己的意愿或情感而使用的一种形式，下面简单归纳它的几种结构：
(1)用助动词“do（does／did）＋动词原形”来表示强调。如：
Hedoesknowtheplacewell．他的确很熟悉这个地方。
Dowritetomewhenyougetthere．你到那儿后务必给我来信。
(2)用形容词very，only，single，such等修饰名词或形容词来加强语气。如：Notasinglepersonhasbeenintheshopthismorning.
今天上午这个商店里连一个人都没有。
Howdareyoubuysuchexpensivejewels？
你怎么敢买这么贵的宝石呢？
(3)用ever，never，very，just等副词和badly，highly，really等带有-ly的副词来进行强调。如：
Whyeverdidyoudoso？你究竟为什么要这么做？
Heneversaidawordthewholeday．一整天，他一句话也没说。
Ireallydon’tknowwhattodonext．我的确不知道下一步该怎么做。
(4)用intheworld，onearth，atall等介词短语可以表达更强的语气（常用于疑问句）。如：Whereintheworldcouldhebe？他到底会在哪儿？
Whatonearthisit？它究竟是什么？
(5)用感叹句来表示强烈的感情，突出说话人的情感。如：
Howinterestingastoryitis！这是一个多么有趣的故事啊！
(6)用重复来表示强调。如：
Why！why！Thecageisempty！啊！啊！箱子是空的。
(7)用倒装句（也就是将要强调的句子或被强调的部分置于句首）来加强语气，这是本模块学习的内容。如：
Onthetableweresomeflowers．桌上摆着一些花。（强调地点）
ManyatimehaveIclimbedthathill．我多次翻过那座山。
(8)用强调句型：“Itis（was）＋被强调的部分＋that（who）＋原句其它部分”来强调说话人的意愿。如：
ItwasonMondaynightthatallthishappened．
所有这一切发生在周一晚上。
It’smethatheblamed．他怪的是我。
注：一定要注意强调句型出现在下面的句型中，这是考点关注的内容。
●被强调部分为特殊疑问句的疑问词。如：
Whowasitthatcametoknockedatmydoor?
Whenwasitthatthedooropened?
●被强调部分是从句。如：
Itisbecauseitrainedthatthefootballwasputoff.（原因状语从句）
Canyoutellmewhatitwasthatmadeyousoangry?（名词性从句）
Itisthebookthatyouborrowedfromthelibrarythatintroducedtomehowtobeagoodbusinessman.（定语从句）.
●if从句＋itbe主句。此用法是把所要强调的内容放在itbe的后面，把其它内容放在由if引导的从句中。如：
Ifanyoneknewthetruth，itwasTom．如果说谁了解事实的真相，那便是汤姆。
Ifthereisonethingheloves，itismoney．如果说世界上还有他爱的东西，那便是金钱。
(9)用If来表示强调。即：If从句＋Idon’tknowwho／what，etc．does／is／has，etc．；主语部分也可以用nobodydoes／is／has，etc．或everybodydoes／is／has，etc．来代替（这里的if从句往往是正话反说，反话正说）。如：
Ifhecan’tdoit，Idon’tknowwhocan．要是他做不了这件事，我不知道还有谁能做。（强调只有他能做）
IfJimisacoward，everybodyis．要是吉姆是个胆小鬼，那么人人都是胆小鬼。（强
调吉姆不是胆小鬼）
4.AskSstofinishthefollowingexercisestoconsolidatewhattheyhavelearntjustnow.
(1)Ihate_____whenpeopletalkwiththeirmouthsfull.（1998年全国）
A.itB.thatC.thoseD.them
(2)Ilike_____intheautumnwhentheweatherisclearandbright.(2004全国)
A.thisB.thatC.itD.one
(3)----Doyoulike_____here?
----Oh,yes.Theair,theweather,thewayoflife.Everythingissonice.(全国卷)
A.thisB.TheseC.ThatD.it
(4)Weneededanewcupboardforthekitchen.SoPetermade___fromsomewood.(全国卷)A.itB.oneC.himselfD.another
(5)TheforeignMinistersaid,“_____ourhopethatthetwosideswillworktowardspeace.”(2004北京)
A.ThisisB.ThereisC.ThatisD.Itis
(6)_____isreportedinthenewspaper,talksbetweenthetwocountriesaremakingprogress.(2004北京)
A.ItB.AsC.ThatD.What
(7)-----Howoftendoyoueatout?(2004,天津)
-----________,butusuallyonceaweek.
A.HavenoideaB.ItdependsC.AsusualD.Generallyspeaking
(8)Wewantedtogethomebeforedark,butitdidn‘tquite_____asplaned.(2004浙江卷)
A.makeoutB.turnoutC.goonD.comeup
(9)-----Whatdoyouwanttodonext?Wehavehalfanhouruntilthebasketballgame.
-----________.Whateveryouwanttodoisfinewithme.
A.ItjustdependsB.It’suptoyouC.AllrightD.Gladtohearthat
(10)Itwas____backhomeaftertheexperiment.
A.notuntilmidnightdidhegoB.untilmidnightthathedidntgo
C.notuntilmidnightthathewentD.untilmidnightwhenhedidntgo
SuggestedAnswers:
(1)A(2)C(3)D(4)B(5)D(6)B(7)B(8)B(9)B(10)CjaB88.COM

延伸阅读

Unit 10 American literature (详细教案)

单元教学目标
语言知识和语言技能
掌握下列单词和词组
garbage,maid,prince,outcome,penny,grocery,bakery,weep,furnish,shabby,mailbox,bell,rag,rare,garment,worn,carpet,barbershop,haircut,anecdote,booklet,mutton,stove,baggage,pale,prayer,approve,anyhow,shave,comb,tortoise,flash,simplify，attendto,takepridein,doup,letdown,fixsthon/uponsb,atlength
复习动词时态，能较为准确地使用各种时态。
学会谈论美国文学和评价文学作品。
学习写故事摘要并加以简单评论。
（二）情感目标
体会真挚的爱情，学会多为别人考虑。
观察体会身边周围发生的各种关于爱的事情，并与他人分享。
（三）学习策略
听力策略。如：预测，归纳，抓关键词，听后讨论等。
阅读策略。如：跳读，寻读，预测，猜词，概括，与他人讨论等。
资源策略。充分利用、学习课本资源，适当利用课外及网络资源。
参考网站：http:///Article/Class9/Class10/2004-10-26/436.html
http:///
http://a4esl.org/q/h/vm/verbtense.html
（四）文化意识
了解美国主要的文学家及他们的主要作品。
通过故事情节，了解了圣诞节在西方人的生活中的重要性。
II.教材分析
本单元以美国文学（Americanliterature）为中心话题,通过诗歌欣赏，讨论美国文学的主题和阅读文学名著等学习方式，使学生对美国文学的特点以及发展历史和现状有一定的认识和了解，并能学会判断和描述一部文学作品的主题、内容梗概和写作方法；能够运用所学的语言知识和技能听懂以对话形式对文学俱乐部举行的某些活动的评论，如成功和失败之处、优点和缺点所在等；并能用英语谈论美国文学作品，包括判断主题、分析写作特点、讨论作品主人公的个性、总结中心思想，描写故事情景等，并对作品加以评论。
WARMINGUP部分用美国黑人诗人达德利·兰德尔（DudleyRandall）的一首小诗“Ancestors”激发学生了解美国文学的兴趣，并使学生对美国黑人的诗歌有一个初步认识。它既呈现了本单元的中心话题—Americanliterature，又以回答问题的形式帮助学生以这首小诗为线索去探究美国文学的特点,列举美国文学的主题和故事类型，为以后关于“Americanliterature”的进一步听、说、读、写的学习打下基础。
LISTENING是一篇对话，Ben,AnnandLily正在为俱乐部组织一次英语活动，活动的内容也有关美国文学，但听力的重点是了解阅读俱乐部的优越性。该部分设置的问题是：分析本次活动成功的原因和一些英语角活动不成功的原因，题目设计有一定难度。但是通过这项任务的完成，能够培养学生抓住听力材料中的要点信息、同时加以分析和总结的能力。
SPEAKING是一项对话练习，要求学生就美国文学的主题进行讨论。文学是一面镜子，往往能反映一个国家重要历史时期和重要事件。这部分给出四幅图片，运用已有的关于美国的历史知识去判断每幅图片有可能表达的一部文学作品的主题是什么。这项设计的特点是：①让学生使用有关谈论文学作品的特点、人物以及故事发生的时间、地点等方面的语言交流自己对某些文学作品看法和观点；②丰富学生谈论文学作品的语言，包括词汇和句型等；③激发学生对美国文学的兴趣，并加深对美国文学的了解，为今后喜爱阅读更多的美国文学作品的原著打下初步的基础。
PRE-READING是READING的热身活动。设计了两个任务供学生实践和完成。第一项任务是：通过略读的方法快速获取信息并推断故事情节的进一步发展。第二项任务是：用浏览的方式在课文中快速找出特定的信息用以回答问题。
READING是一部短篇小说，改编自美国著名短篇小说家欧·亨利的著名短篇小说《麦琪的礼物》。文章讲述了一对穷困的年轻夫妇为互赠圣诞礼物而忍痛卖掉引以自豪的长发和祖传金表，却换来了不再起作用的发梳和表链的故事，反映了美国下层人民生活的艰难和辛酸，赞美了主人公善良的心地和相濡以沫的爱情。文章情节生动，构思巧妙，文笔简短而精练，结局出人意料。
POST-READING部分设计了三类任务，其中第一类是针对文章的理解，评价学生对文章理解的程度(Exx.1—4)；第二类是要求学生以根据课文做出的正误判断题为线索写一篇描述德拉的短文(Ex.5)；第三类任务要求学生根据已知的故事情节推断小说后半部分的故事情节将会怎样发展(Ex.6)。后两项任务具有很大的灵活性和挑战性,同时又能激发学生的兴趣和想象能力。
LANGUAGESTUDY分为词汇和语法两项。词汇部分帮助学生学习用适合的形式和意义使用重点词汇和短语，旨在培养学生运用英语词汇和短语的能力。语法项目是复习动词的各种时态。在这部分练习中，学生同时能了解和学习有关作者OHenry的生平。
INTEGRATINGSKILLS包括读和写两部分。该部分是READING的续篇。在这部分中，小说的故事情节有了戏剧性的发展和出乎意料、却又在情理之中的结局。该部分的教学重点是分析文章的写作特点和表现手法并启发学生细心体会作者是如何以文学作品为载体去表达一个深刻的思想内涵的。写作部分的任务有两项：一是根据所给出的四幅图片描写本篇小说的故事情节；二是写一篇这部小说的摘要并对此加以评论以提高学生的写作能力。
III.教材内容处理
根据本单元的特点要求和我校学生的具体情况，我将本单元的教材做以下处理：
从话题内容上分析，warmingup和speaking的内容关系密切;listening部分虽然与单元话题有关，但如果它置于warmingup和speaking之间，不利于话题的衔接。所以，我从英语学习引入，先上listening，讨论英语俱乐部活动的内容、优点，到warmingup的关于控诉奴隶制的小诗，再讨论其它的文学形式和主题，即speaking的内容，三者组成第一课时。打破了常规，但更有利于课堂上话题的衔接，课堂环节的衔接更加自然。
Reading部分和Integratingskills部分都是关于欧·亨利的短篇小说《麦琪的礼物》，为了故事的完整性，我将两课阅读整合，但还是用两个课时来处理。第一节课，主要是整体阅读，通过问题的回答了解故事的主要内容及部分细节，两部分之间让学生“预测”来连接。因为故事中对女主人公的内心世界，行为进行了详细地描写，而对男主人公给描写给读者留下了很大的空间，所以阅读完成之后，我让学生展开想象，想象男主人公打算买礼物，回家路上，见了妻子后，知道妻子为他所做的一切之后等一系列思想活动。第二课时，主要对故事进行细的处理，从小说的三要素引入，复习故事的主要内容，然后对人物的语言、情感进行分析，探讨作者的写作技巧。之后，让学生创造性地想象故事的继续发展：主人公Della如何筹钱赎回丈夫的金表。接着，呈现课后的四幅图片，看图说话，复习故事的主要情节，口头叙述故事，为写作做好准备。最后，用作者欧·亨利的原话来进一步归纳主题，并让学生讨论除了夫妻间的爱，人世间还有什么其它的爱，进一步深化主题。
LanguageStudy也用两个课时。第四课时，处理两阅读课中的难句和语言点，包括wordstudy,并让学生任选五个或五个以上的短语编故事。（这个练习能促使学生积极主动使用学过的短语进行富有想象力的创作，从而提高学生的综合利用语言的能力，有利于培养学生的想象力和创造力。）
Grammar单独一节课作为第五课时，内容是复习所有动词时态，内容多，并且重要。先让学生自己课前进行归纳，上课检查复习，然后用一个含有多种时态小故事复习各种时态名称、结构及用法。再用一个Flash巩固各种时态的用法。
语法训练是这节课的重点。根据教学大纲、高考考试说明和平时掌握情况，复习应该侧重动词时态在具体语言环境中的运用。因此，所有的练习材料都应该围绕动词时态的运用来设计。根据高考题型及学生认知特点，由易到难我设计安排了四个练习题：单项选择、完成句子，语篇填空和短文改错(选做)。最后用近几年有关动词时态考察的高考题来作为家庭作业，进一步提升巩固时态的用法。
其中单选题直接用网站theInternetTESLJournalForTeachersofEnglishasaSecondLanguage，语言地道，题目简单，但包括所有的时态。在课堂上用竞赛的形式快速完成；完成句子和语篇填空均利用课本上的语法练习。短文改错自己改编。
Workbook中的练习处理。删减了Listening部分和Talking部分。vocabulary中的练习1和练习2作为词汇复习的作业。练习3作为学生复述的例子，也可作为课堂练习巩固课文内容的检测。语法练习作为语法课作业的补充。IntegratingSkills中的阅读作为泛读补充。
即：
1stPeriodListening,warmingupspeaking
2ndPeriodReading(I)
3rdPeriodReading(II)
4thPeriodLanguagepointsWordStudy
5thPeriodGrammar
（注：经教材分析，根据学情，本单元可以用5课时完成，但我校通常再加2节练习课，或复习课以完成一些配套练习。）
IV.单元教学设计的亮点：
Listening内容的改编，降低难度。Warmingup和Speaking相连，浑然一体。
Reading的第二课时处理灵活巧妙，并有意识地培养学生对外国文学的鉴赏能力。通过形式多样的课堂活动，训练了学生的口头表达能力、想象力和创造力。
语法复习时，让学生自己归纳，主动学习。课上将语法用在情景语境中学习，并用了Flash,激发了兴趣，活跃了气氛。语法练习的设计安排由浅入深。
4．Speaking部分由于学生程度的关系，处理较为简单，但在后面的设计中学生的口头练习机会多，而且有话可说，弥补了不足。

V.分课时教案

Period1

TeachingObjectives:
1.Learnandmasterthefollowing:
leave…behind,beproudof,garbage,maid,prince,
2.Dosomelisteningandpractisesomelisteningstrategies,likesummarizing,predictingetc.
3.LearnapoemandunderstandthemeaningofitandlearnsomethingaboutAmericanliterature.
TeachingImportantPoints:
1.Trainthestudents’listeningstrategy——predicting.
2.Understandthelisteningmaterialandthepoem.
TeachingDifficultPoint:
Howtoimprovethestudents’listeningability
TeachingMethods:
1.Listening-and-answeringactivitytohelpthestudentsgothroughwiththelisteningmaterials.
2.Individual,pairofgroupworktomakeeverystudentworkinclass.
3.Readingaloud.
TeachingAids:
1.ataperecorder
2.themultimedia
3.theblackboard
Teachingprocedure:
Step1Leadin
T:We’velearnedEnglishforafewyears.Whichdoyoufindmostdifficult,listening,speaking,reading,orwriting?
Inyouropinion,whatcanwedotoimproveourspokenEnglish?OrwhatkindofactivitiescanyouthinkoftopractiseEnglishinawaythatmakesitfun?
Collectthestudents’answers.
T:HaveyouevertakenpartinanEnglishCorner?Whatdoyouthinkofit?
Haveyouheardofreadingclub?Canyouguesswhatpeoplecandoinareadingclub?
Collectthestudents’answers.
Step2Pre-listening
GothroughthequestionsinListeningonP83,andtrytoguesswhatthelisteningmaterialisabout,andgetthestudentstoguesstheanswers.
Step3While-listening
Playthetapeandtrytogettheanswertothequestion:WhatactivityareBen,AnnandLilyorganising?
Listentothetapeandtrytofillinthegaps.
Besides,itismoreandmoredifficulttofind_________________tocomeandtalktous.Inan____________________,thetopicsarealways_____________.Youoftendon’tknowwhatelsetotalkabout.Sowegottogetheranddecidedto_______anotherkindof________.(Who?____________)
Thelaststorywereadtogetherwasthe______of___________,byJackLondonandbeforethatwereadafew_________storiesbyMarkTwain.Iamjustreadingfor_________.IthinktheClub______metoreadmoreand______more.(Who?____________)
Iwouldrecommendeveryonetojoina____________.It’san_________and____________wayofspeakingEnglish.Youalso_______moreaboutlifeandliteraturein______________countries.(goal:getthestudentstocatchthekeywords,makingthequestionansweringeasy.)(Who?____________)
Step4Post-listening
Whyisthisactivitysuccessful,whiletheEnglishCornerisnot?Atleasttworeasons.
T:Nowthereisachanceforustoexperienceit.
Step5Apoem
Skimming
Skimthepoemwiththequestion:Whatkindoftextistheoneyouhavejustread?
Reading
Readthepoemandtrytoanswerthefollowingquestions:
1)Whatisitaboutandwhatdoesitmean?
Canyouguesswhowrotethepoem,awhitepoetorablackone?
IsthisAmericanliteratureorEnglishliterature?Coulditbewrittenbyapoetfromanothercountry?Whatmakesyouthinkso?
Introducesomeinformationaboutthewriter.GettheinformationontheInternet.
http://monpeople,pigs,theOldCountry.
What’sthethemeofthepoem?
T:Afterclass,trytoreadsomeotherpoemsofDudleyRandall.E.g:BalladofBirmingham
Step6Discussion
T:SlaveryisoneofthemajorthemesinliteratureofAmerica.ThinkaboutthehistoryandlifeintheUnitedStates.WhatspecialthemesandsortofstorieswouldyouexpecttofindinAmericanliterature?
Lookatthepicturesandguesswhatthemeeachofthemwouldbeabout.
Canyounamesomefamouswritersandtheirworks?
Getthestudentstohaveashortdiscussionandtrytoreporttheiranswers.
Step7SummaryandHomework
T:Inthisclass,we’vedonesomelisteningandreadapoem.We’vealsotalkedaboutthemagorthemesinliteratureofAmerica.
TrytofindsomegoodEnglishpoemsorsomeshortstoriesandsharewithyourclassmatesnextperiod.
TrytofindasmuchinformationasyoucanaboutOHenry.
Somuchfortoday.Goodbye,everyone!

Period2

Teachingobjectives:
1.ToenjoyO.Henry’sclassicalworks.
2.Tolearnhowtoreadshortstories
Toretellthestoryintheirownwords.
Tolearnsomenewwordsandphrases
Totrainthestudents’readingstrategies,suchasskimming,scanning,summarizing.
TeachingImportantPoints:
1.Totrainthestudents’readingstrategies,suchasskimming,scanning,summarizing.
2.Enablethestudentstounderstandthestoryandtrytoretellit.
3.Howtogetthestudentstomastertheusefulexpressions.
TeachingDifficultPoints:
Retellthestoryintheveryperiod.
TeachingMethods:
1.Fastreadingtogetthegeneralideaofthetext.
2.Questioning-and-answeringactivitytohelpthestudentsgothroughthewholepassage.
4.Pairworkorindividualworktomakeeverystudentworkinclass.
TeachingAids:
1.Ataperecorder
2.Amultimedia
TeachingProcedures:
Step1.Revision
1.Getthestudentstosharetheirfindings,suchasshortpoems,stroies.
2.GuidethestudentstogettoknowsomefamousAmericanwritersandtheirworksbymatchingthebookswiththewriters.
TheAdventureofTomSawyer----MarkTwain
TheBeastintheJungle----HenryJames
AFarewelltoArms-----ErnestHemingway
TheOldManandtheSea-----ErnestHemingway
AdventuresofHuckleberryFinn----MarkTwain
TheGiftoftheMagi----OHenry
TheCalloftheWild----JackLondon
TheScarletLetter----NathanielHawthorne
3.WhatdoyouknowaboutOHenry?(consultAppendixIII)
Step2.Scanning
T:ThegiftoftheMagiisretitledbytheeditorasASacrificeforLove.Afterreadingthestory,youwillknowthereason.
Readthepassageandtrytoanswerthequestions:
Whoarethemaincharactersinthestory?
What’stherelationshipbetweenthem?
WhatareJim’swages?
Whatkindofflatdotheylive?
Weretheyrich?Findthesentencestosupportyourideas.
Whatarethecouple’stwomostpreciouspossessions?
WhatpricedoesDellapaytobuyherpresent?
Howdoesshegetthemoney?
DoesDellathinkhavingahaircutwillmakeJimhappy?Howdoyouknow?
Step3.Predicting
Whatdoyouthinkwillhappen?
Getthestudentstousetheirimaginationandguesstheendingofthestory.
Step4Reading
Readthesecondpartofthestorywiththequestion:WhatwasJim’sreactionwhenhesawDella?
Thentrytofinishthefollowingquestions.
1.HowdidDellaexpectJimtoreactwhenhesawher?
A.happyB.angryC.disappointedD.bothBandC
2.WhatdidJimbuyforDella?
A.ashampooB.ahatC.AcombD.Anewovercoat
3.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothestory?
A.ThedaybeforeChristmasDellawasworriedbecauseshehadonlysavedonedollarandeighty-sevencentsforJim’sChristmaspresent.
B.Theyoungcouplelivedahardlifebuttheylovedeachotherdeeply.
C.DellawasverynervousandworriedbeforesheheardJim’sstepwhenhecamebackhomefromwork.
D.WhenDellasawherpresent,shewassohappytogettheexpensivecombsthatsheburstintotears.
4.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothestory?
A.TheChristmasdaywascoming.Dellawasveryhappyandshewaslookingforwardtoit.
B.JimandDellawerebothcriedwhentheysaweachother’spresent.
C.Jimdidn’tloveDellaanymorewhenhesawthatshehadherhaircutoff.
D.JimsoldhisgoldwatchoutofhisloveforDella.
5.Whatdoesthestorymainlytellus?
A.HowtocelebrateahappyChristmasforayoungandrichcouple.
B.HowtochooseChristmaspresentsforcouples.
C.Alovestorybetweenayoungandpoorcouple.
D.Moneyislove.
Step5Paraphrasesomedifficultsentences
FindthesentencesinthepassagesandtrytoexplaininEnglish.(tellthestudentshowto“Paraphrase”sentences.)
1.Penniessaved…untilone’scheeksburnt.
2.Inthehallbelowwasamailboxintowhichnoletterwouldgo.
3.Twentydollarsdoesn’tgofar.
4.Expenseshadbeengreaterthanshehadcalculated.
5.Manyhappyhourshadshespentplanningforsomethingniceforhim.
6.Downflowedthebrowncascade.
7.Therewasnootherlikeitinanyofthestores,andshehadturnedalloftheminsideout.
8.Jimmightbeproperlyanxiousaboutthetimeinanycompany.
9.Delladoubledthechaininherhand
10.Thedullpreciousmetalseemedtoflash,asifreflectingherbrightspirit.
Step5Summary
What’stheclueofthestory?
Whatdothemaincharactersdotoshowtheirtruelove?
What’sthemainideaofthestory?
What’sthemeaningofthetitle?
Retellthestorybrieflyinyourownwords.(Pairwork)
Thengetseveralstudentstoretellthestory.
Step6.Imagination
ImaginewhatJimwasthinkingaboutinthefollowingfourperiods.Onegrouponetopic,anddiscussinsmallgroupsoffour.
Howhedecidedtobuyhiswifeagift
Onhiswayhome
ThemomenthesawDellawithshorthair
AfterheknewwhatDellahaddoneforhim
(Goal:1.Todevelopthestudents’imagination
2.Tounderstandtheirlovemoredeeplyandsublimethestudents’feelings.)

Step7Homework
TrytofinishtheexercisesinthePost-readingonPage85andPage89.
FinishtheexercisesinWordStudyonPage86.
Whichcharacterspeaksthefollowinglinesandwhatdotheselinestellusabouttheircharacter?
AndnowIthinkweshouldhaveourdinner.
Willyoubuymyhair?
Isoldthewatchtogetthemoneytobuythecombs.
Youvecutoffyourhair?
Isntitperfect,Jim?
WhatcouldIdowithadollarandeighty-sevencents?
Dontyoulikemenow?
Youwontcare,willyou?
Re-tellthestorybyputtingthelinesinorder.
Period3
Teachingobjectives:
1.Tounderstandthestorybetter.
2.Tolearnhowtoreadshortstories
3.Tolearntorespectother’sloveandthinkofothersmorethanthemselves
4.Todevelopimaginationandcreativity
TeachingImportantPoints:
Toanalyzethefeelingsofthemaincharacters.
TolearnthewritingstyleofOHenry.
TeachingDifficultPoints:
Toanalyzethefeelingsofthemaincharacters.
TeachingMethods:
1.Questioning-and-answeringactivitytohelpthestudentsunderstandthestorybetter
2.Groupworktomakesureeverystudentcantakepartintheactivities
TeachingAids:
1.Ataperecorder
2.Amultimedia
Teachingprocedures:
Step1Revision
Talkabouttheelementsofastory.
Setting
Whatisthesettingofthestory?Thinkabouttimeandplace.
Character
Howmanycharactersareinthestory?
Canyounamethem?
Whichcharacterspeaksthefollowinglinesandwhatdotheselinestellusabout
theircharacter?
AndnowIthinkweshouldhaveourdinner.
Willyoubuymyhair?
Isoldthewatchtogetthemoneytobuythecombs.
Youvecutoffyourhair?
Isntitperfect,Jim?
WhatcouldIdowithadollarandeighty-sevencents?
Dontyoulikemenow?
Youwontcare,willyou?
Re-tellthestorybyputtingthelinesinorder.
Answers
AndnowIthinkweshouldhaveourdinner.
Jim:Hedoesntwanteitherofthemtoworryorthinktoomuchabouttheirnewgiftsandlost
possessions.HejustwantsthemtoenjoyChristmastogether.
Willyoubuymyhair?
Della:Sheiswillingtosacrificeherbeautifulhairtobeabletobuyanicegiftforherhusband.
Isoldthewatchtogetthemoneytobuythecombs.
Jim:Heiswillingtosellhismostprizedpossession,hiswatch,tobuyDellaanicegift.
Youvecutoffyourhair?
Jim:HerealizesthatDellawillnotneedthecombsheboughtherforawhile.
Isntitgrand,Jim?
Della:ShereallywantstomakeJimhappy.
WhatcouldIdowithadollarandeighty-sevencents?
Della:ShedoesnthaveverymuchmoneyandsheisworriedthatshecantbuyanicepresentforJim.
Dontyoulikemenow?
Della:SheisworriedthatJimwillnotlikeherwithshorthair.
Youwontcare,willyou?
Della:SheisworriedthatJimwillnotlikeherwithshorthair.
Inwhatorderarethelinesspokeninthestory?(2,6,8,4,7,5,3,1)
Plot
Whatistheclimaxofthestory?
Whatistheendofthestory?
Whatarethecharacteristicsofthestory?
Theendingofthestoryissurprising.
Step2.Analyzingthefeelings
T:What’stheclue/chainofthestory?(Repeatthestructureofthestory)
---------LOVE
T:Howdoesthewriterdescribethedeeploveofthemaincharacters?
Eg:JimlovedDelladeeply.
FindoutsentencesshowinghislovetoDella.
Conclusion:Bywayofwordsandactions.
T:Anotherexample.
Delladidn’thaveenoughtobuyJimagift.Shewassad.
GetthefeelingsofDellafromwhatshesaidanddid.(findthesentencesinthepassages)
Collectthestudents’sentencesandexplainsomethingdifficult.
T:Findanotherexampleandtrytoanalyzeitinthesameway.(homework)
(goal:Tolearntoanalyzethefeelingsofthecharactersbyhisorheractionsandwords.)
Step3Creativity
JimgaveuphiswatchtobuyagiftforDella,andDellathoughtofhimmorethanherself.SoshereallywantedtobuybackJim’swatch.Howcouldsheraisethemoney?
(Goal:todevelopthestudents’creativity)
Step4Discussion(groupwork)
Attheendofthestory,O.Henryseemstobesayingtwodifferentthings.Readthefollowingparagraphandanswerthequestions
“AndhereIhavetoldyouthestoryoftwochildrenwhowerenotwise.Eachsoldthemostvaluablethingheownedinordertobuyagiftfortheother.Butletmespeakalastwordtothewiseofthesedays:Ofallwhogivegifts,thesetwowerethemostwise.”
Whoarethetwochildren?
JimandDella
WhydoesOHenryrefertothemas"children"?
Althoughtheyarebothyoungadults,theyaresimplelikechildreninmanyways.
Howweretheyunwise?
Theysoldvaluablethingstobuygiftsthattheydidntreallyneedtobuyinthefirstplace,becausetheyweretrulyinlove.
Howweretheywise?
Theythoughtonlyoftheotherpersonandnotofthemselveswhentheygavetheirgifts.Themainthemeoftheshortstory:Loveisthegreatestgiftofall.
(Goal:tounderstandthestorybetter.)
Step5Readingaloud
Playthetapeforthestudentstofollow.
Step6.Writing
T:Well,nowyou’velearnedthestory,andIhopeyoucanrecommendittoyourfriends.Youcandescribetheplottomaketheminterestedinit;oryoucanwriteasummaryofthestoryandgiveyourownopinionaboutthestory.
1.GetthestudentstodescribethepicturesonPage89
Picture1:Della,poor,bargainedwhenbuyingnecessitiesindailylifetosavemoneyforthepresentforJim.
Picture2:Proudofherbeautifulhair,foughtwithherownmindbeforefinallydecidedtosellittogetsomemoney.
Picture3:Jim,soldthewatchtogetthemoneytobuythecombsforDella.
Picture4:Bothofthepresentscouldn’tbeused,buttheygotreallove.
Thendescribetheplotofthestoryandgiveyouropinionsonittoeachotherorally.
Writeitdownasyourhomework.
Step7.Summary
T:Theproverb“Loveisthegreatestgiftofall”bestdescribesthemainthemeofASacrificeForLove(TheGiftoftheMagi).thisisthelovebeweenhusbandandwife.BesidesLovebetweenhusbandandwife.Canyounamesomeotherkindsoflove?
Thereareotherkindsoflove.Lovebetweenparentsandchildren,friends,classmates,teachersandstudents.There’sevenlovetoastranger,animalsandtothewholeworld.Thinkofyourownstoryaboutloveorthestoryyouhaveheardorreadaboutloveandsharethemtomorrow.
(Goal:Tofurtherunderstandthetheme----love)
Step8Homework
Writetheplotdownashomework.
Trytosharewithclassmatesyourownstoryaboutloveorthestoryyouhaveheardorreadaboutlove.
TrytoreadanothershortnovelofOHenry,“TheLastLeaf”,forexample.

Period4

Teachingobjectives:
Reviewthestory.
Learntheuseofsomewordsandusefulexpressions.
TeachingImportantPoints:
1.Howtoguessthemissingwordaccordingtothegivensentenceorpassage.
2.Learntheuseofsomekeywordsandusefulexpressions
TeachingDifficultPoint:
Mastertheuseofthekeywordsandusefulexpressions.
TeachingMethods:
1.Grammarmethod.
2.Explanationandinductivemethodstomakethestudentsmastertheinterchangesofdirectandindirectobjects.
3.Individual,pairworktomakeeverystudentworkinclass.
TeachingAids:
1.Theblackboard
2.Themultimedia
Step1Revision
Checksomestudents’writingorally.
Step2Phrases
Haveacompetitiontofindallthephrases.
Liveinafurnishedflat
attendtohercheeks
beworthyof
takepridein
searchfor
doup
becoveredwith
takeasecondlookat
doublethewatchchain

Step3.Languagepoints
Dealwithsomeofthephraseaboveindetailandmakesurethestudentscanusethem.
1.Penniessavedoneortwoatatimebybargainingatthegrocery,atthebakeryandthebutcher’suntilone’scheeksburnt....
句中的atatime是“一次”的意思。其同义词是once.但once还有“曾经”的意思.
e.g.Wecan’tdotwothingsatatime.
注意atatime和以下这些短语的区别:
atonetime:(过去)有个时期,一度
atanytime:无论何时,随时
2…Dellafinishedcryingandattendedtohercheekswiththepowderrag.(Para3)
Translatethefollowingsentences.
DoctorManetteattendedtoayoungpeasantboyandgirl,whohadbeenwounded…P197
Thenurseattendedtothewoundeddayandnight.
Areyoubeingattendedto,sir?
Couldyouattendtothismatterimmediately?
Expenseshadbeengreaterthanshehadcalculated.(Para3)
Learnsomephrasesabout“expense”
atgreat/considerable/vastexpenses
attheexpenseofsb/sth.
atone’s/one’sownexpense.
Travel/medical/livingexpenses
4.Somethingfineandrare---somethingworthyofthehonorofownedbyJim.(Para3)
Itwasagoldwatchchain.ItwasworthyoftheWatch.(Para8)

5..Itreachedbelowherkneeandmadeitselfalmostagarmentforher.Andthenshequicklydiditupagain.(Para5)
6..Delladoubledthewatchchaininherhand….
Whatdoesdoublemeaninthefollowingsentences:
A.Shegotdoublescholarships
B.Doublethecarpet,andcoveritonthebaby.
7..Poorfellow,hewasonlytwenty-two----andtobeburdenedwithafamily!
andtobeburdenedwithafamily→Hewastobeburdenedwithafamily
8..HiseyeswerefixeduponDella,andtherewasanexpressioninthemthatshecouldnotread.
befixedupon→__stareat__
inthem→inhiseyes__
eg:
Shewas_____frightenedthatshecouldnot_____herthoughtsonanything.
A.so;fixB.so;spendC.such;fixD.such;spend
9.IhavemyhaircutoffandsolditbecauseIcouldn’thavelivedthroughChristmaswithoutgivingyouapresent.
haveone’shaircuthavesthdone
couldn’thavelivedthroughChristmaswithoutgivingyouapresent→
IfI__________youapresent,Icouldn’thavelivedthroughChristmas.
Eg:
今天下午我要去修理我的自行车。
10.However,shehuggedthemtoherbreast,andatlengthshewasabletolookupandsmileandsay:“Myhairgrowssofast,Jim!”
Step4Wordstudy
CorrecttheanswerstotheexercisesinWordStudyandmakesurethestudentscanunderstandthem.
Step5Homework
Revisethewordsandphraseslearnedinthisperiodandchooseatleastfiveofthemtomakeupastory.Shareyourstoriestomorrow.
Writeouttheformsofdifferentverbtenses.

Period5.Grammar

Teachingobjectives:
Torevisealltheverbtensesandlearnhowtousethemcorrectly.
Teachingimportantpoints:
Theusageofalltheverbtenses.
Teachingdifficultpoints
Howtoteachthestudentstomastertheusageofalltheverbtenses.
Teachingmethods
Concluding,summarizingandpractice
Teachingaids
Aprojectorandacomputer
Teachingprocedures:
Step1Revision
Getsomestudentstoreadtheirstoriesaloudandgiveashortcomment.
Showonestudent’shomeworkaboutthetenses.
Step2Presentation
Showashortpassageonthescreen:
Getthestudentstoreadthroughthepassageandlineoutthedifferenttensesintheshortpassage.
Tomismygoodfriend.LastSunday,Iaskedhim,“Dareyoubreaktheschoolrules?”“Certainly.I’llmakeyouagreatsurprise.”Thenextdayat8o’clock.,IfoundTomwasridingabikeintheschoolyard,whichbrokeschoolrulesbadly.Now,Tomhasbeenpunished.HehasbeensweepingallofthesixfloorsintheTeachingBuildingforthreedays.NowI’mhelpinghimbecauseIhadpromisedhimbeforethatwheneverhewasintrouble,Iwouldsharewithhimtogether.
LeadtheSstoreviewthetensesandtheSsanswerwiththeteacher’saddingandcorrecting.(Writetheverb/verbphrasesontheblackboard,thenthenameofthetense,atlast,theformoftheverb,forexample:asked,一般过去时，did)
Playaflashabouttheusageofthetensesandgetthestudentstoconsolidateit.
Step3Exercises
1.Multiplechoice:AnextraexerciseonInternet.(inawayofcompetition)
http://a4esl.org/q/h/vm/verbtense.html（ThisexerciseiseasyandcoversthemainverbtensesandcanbedoneontheInternet,whichinteresttheSs.）
Bytheendoftheyear,she___withadegreeinbusiness.
alreadygraduates
willhavealreadygraduated
hasalreadygraduated
Answerb
AssoonasI___home,itstartedtorainheavily.
get
got
willhavegotten
Answerb
We___thechancetovisitmanymuseumsinParislastvacation.
had
hadhad
havehad
Answera
I___onthisprojectfordayswithoutsuccess.
havebeenworked
havebeenworking
hadbeingworked
Answerb
Dontworry.She___byherself.
isusedtoliving
isusedtolive
usedtoliving
Answera
I___harduntilIpasstheTOEFL.
willstudy
study
havestudied
Answera
Nextmonthwe___our5thweddinganniversary.
willbecelebrated
willhavebeencelebrating
willbecelebrating
Answerc
Ifyou___it,giveitago.
didnttry
haventtried
hadnttried
Answerb
IwishI___amillionairesoIcouldtravelallovertheworld.
was
hadbeen
were
Answerc
He___toclassthismorningbecausehewassick.
didntcome
hadntcome
hasntcome
Answera
He___itonpurpose.
deniedhavingdone
deniedhavedone
denieddone
Answera
Children___tofreeeducation.
shouldentitle
shouldbeentitled
shouldtobeentitled
Answerb
___aUFO?
Didyoueversee
Doyoueversee
Haveyoueverseen
Answerc
WheneverI___talktomyboss,Igetbutterfliesinmystomach.
hadto
willhaveto
haveto
Answerc
They___togetherforfiveyearswhentheydecidedtogetmarried.
hadbeen
havebeen
were
Answera
Whilethereporter___thepoliceman,therobberescaped.
interviewing
wasinterviewing
hadbeeninterviewing
Answerb
She___extremelyquietsinceherhusbanddied.
is
hasbeen
was
Answerb
Ifhe___withhisgirlfriend,he___now.
hadntbrokenup/wouldntbesuffering
hadntbrokenup/wouldntsuffer
didntbreakup/wouldntbesuffering
Answera
2.Completesentencesandapassage.Getthestudentstodosomeexercisesforconsolidation.P87-88
Trytocorrecteachother’sanswersinpairsfirstandthengivethemthecorrectanswers.
Step4Summaryandhomework
Todaywehavereviewedeightkindsofverbtenses.(Writethemontheblackboard.)Andwehavealsodonesomeexercisestoconsolidatethem.Afterclass,youneedtodomoreexercisesandtrytoreadagrammarbookaboutverbtensestomasterthembetter.
Homework:
P220-221Ex1-2
Anexerciseaboutverbtenses(近几年高考题)
Makeupastoryandtrytouseasmanytensesaspossible.

Module3Literature

一名合格的教师要充分考虑学习的趣味性，作为教师就要根据教学内容制定合适的教案。教案可以让上课时的教学氛围非常活跃，帮助教师提前熟悉所教学的内容。关于好的教案要怎么样去写呢？为此，小编从网络上为大家精心整理了《Module3Literature》，欢迎您参考，希望对您有所助益！

Module3Literature

PartOneTeachingDesign

教学设计说明

话题介绍

本模块主要介绍英国古典文学中狄更斯作品及其生平，了解上述内容并掌握有关的词汇，培养有关的语言技巧。

Period1Reading

INTRODUCTIONVocabularyandreading和READINGANDVOCABULARY合并为第一课时“阅读课”。课文OliverAsksforMore让学习了解狄更斯作品。在学生课前自学、预习的基础上，以背景介绍导入新课，然后采取“自上而下”的阅读教学模式，引导学生关注文章的篇章结构、段落大意，得出“树型图”，进行“信息转换”，理解全文、复述意义。教师还可以参考“教学资源”中关于CharlesDickens相关信息的材料，帮助学生更多了解英国作品。

Period2Function

第二课时FUNCTIONEmphaticsentences是“功能课”，学习倒装句的用法”。教学重点是倒装的用法。

Period3Grammar

课本32页GRAMMAR1Inversionusedforemphasis为第三课时“语法课”，集中学习和演练Inversionusedforemphasis。

Period4Writing

Writeadescriptionofcharacters

Period5ReadingandVocabulary(2)

课本37页的ReadingandVocabulary(2)“为泛读课”，学习PhilipPirrip。引导学生阅读课课文，然后模仿其语篇结构、尽量运用课文中学到的词语、结构和话题模式，用记叙文体介绍自己熟悉和喜爱的人物。

Period6ListeningandEverydayEnglish

能识别所学词语及结构并听懂意义，能听懂并理解包含感情和情感的日常用语；能理解《雾都孤儿》的内容。

Period7ReadingPractice

课本39页的Readingpractice让学生进行阅读，然后完成书上练习题。

Period8CulturalCorner

该部分简单介绍了CharlesDickens的生平，是本模块的一个重要内容。教师可以按教学时间来决定教学方法，如果时间紧，可以用泛读、速读、略读的方法处理。了解英国古典文学和同期的古典文学，了解它们对世界文化的贡献

Period9Task

TASK“任务课”，学生课前利用图书馆、网络等手段收集某一地区的facts，课上教师出示若干file范例，指导学生完成

Period1Reading---OliverAsksforMore

▇Goals

●TolearntoreadpassageswithInversionusedforemphasisaboutliterature

●Tolearntoreadwithstrategies

■Procedures

Step1:WarmingupbylearningaboutCharlesDickens

CharlesDickens’sfatherwasaclerkattheNavalPayOfficeandbecauseofthis,thefamilyhadtomovefromplacetoplace:Plymouth,London,andsoon.Itwasalargefamilyanddespitehardwork,hisfathercouldn’tearnenoughmoney.In1823hewasarrestedfordebtandCharleshadtostartworkinginafactory,labellingbottlesforsixshillingsaweek.Afterleavingschool,Charlesstartedtoworkinasolicitor’soffice.HelearnedshorthandandstartedasareporterworkingfortheMorningChronicleincourtsoflawandtheHouseofCommons.

In1836hisfirstsuccesswaspublished,ThePickwickPapers.Thiswasfollowedbymorenovels:OliverTwist(1837),NicholasNickleby(1838-39)andBarnabyRudge(1841).HetravelledtoAmericalaterthatyearandarousedthehostilityoftheAmericanpressbysupportingtheabolitionmovement.In1858hedivorcedfromhiswifeCatherine,whohadbornehimtenchildren.Duringthe1840shissocialcriticismbecamemoreradicalandhiscomedymoresavage:NovelslikeDavidCopperfield(1849-50),ATaleofTwoCities(1959),GreatExpectations(1860-61)onlyincreasedhisfameandrespect.Hislastnovel,TheMysteryofEdwinDroodwasnevercompletedandwaslaterpublishedposthumously.

Step2:Beforeyouread

Pleasegooverthewordlistforthismodule,payingattentiontothepronunciationoftheword,therelationshipbetweenitspronunciationanditsspelling

Step3:Whileyouread

Cut/thesentencesintothoughtgroups,blackenthepredicates,underlinetheusefulexpressionsanddarkentheconnectives.

Step4:Afteryouread

CopyalltheusefulexpressionsintoyourExpressionBook.Ifpossible,makeyourownsentenceswiththeseexpressions.

UsefulexpressionsfromOliverAsksforMore

needwashing,tryto,inthisway,becomewildwithhunger,betallforhisage,beusedtodoing,pickout,itwas…who…,stareat,forsupport,notuntil,nosooner…than…,seizesomebody’sarms,rushintotheroom,besureof

SentencesmadewithexpressionsfromModule3

1.Thatyoungthiefneedsagoodbeating!

2.Mostyoungsmokerswhotrytoquitusuallydosoontheirowninsteadofusingrecommendedmethods.

3.Inthisway,Icanfinishthejobaheadoftime.

4.Hisfacebecameredwithcold

5.Themerchant’ssonismatureforhisage.

6.IhavealwayslivedinthecountrybutnowI’mbeginningtogetusedtolivinginthecity.

7.Canyoupickoutyoursisterinthiscrowd?

8.Itwastheythat(who)cleanedtheclassroomyesterday.

9.Itissopeacefultostareatthecloudswithoutacareintheworldonbrightwarmsunnyday.

10.Theoldmanheldastickforsupport.

11.Notuntilthechildfellasleepdidthemotherleavetheroom.

12.Nosoonersaidthandone!

13.Heseizedthegunfromtheenemysoldier.

14.Whenthebellrang,studentsrushedintotheclassroomlikebees.

15.Itisourresponsibilityascitizenstobesureofthetruthfulnessofinformationbeforeweactonitorpassiton.

Step5:Drawingadiagramofthetexttoshowitsorganization

OliverAsksforMore

Thebeginningofthefilm:Theboysbecamequitewildwithhunger

ChildrenchoseOlivertoaskformoresoupandhedidso

OliverwaslockedinaroomandmaybewouldbehangedStep6:Closingupbyretellingthetext

Toendthisperiodwearegoingtoretellthetextwiththehelpofthediagramabove,usingasmanyinversionsentencesaspossible.

Unit 10 American literature (知识点)

一名优秀的教师在教学时都会提前最好准备，作为高中教师就要根据教学内容制定合适的教案。教案可以让学生们有一个良好的课堂环境，帮助高中教师更好的完成实现教学目标。你知道怎么写具体的高中教案内容吗？小编收集并整理了“Unit 10 American literature (知识点)”，大家不妨来参考。希望您能喜欢！

I.Words
1.furnishv.①为。。配备家具，装家具于。。=supplywithfurniture,putfurnitureinahouse/room;
②提供（所需的东西）
furnitureu.n家具
apieceoffurniture
asetoffurniture
①这间房子家具齐备。
Thehouseiswellfurnished.
②Wefurnishedourhousewithnewcurtains.
③Wearerentingafurnishedhouse.
④Thepublishinghousefurnishednewbookstoalibrary.=
Thepublishinghousefurnishedalibrarywithnewbooks.
2．rareadj①稀有的，罕见的，冷僻的；②珍奇的，出类拔萃的；
③（空气等）稀薄的；
④（肉）煎的嫩的
rarelyadv
rarespecies珍惜动物
araredisease罕见的病
rareair稀薄的空气
araresteak鲜嫩的牛排
我极少到饭馆吃饭。
OnlyrarelydoIeatinrestaurants.
他很少迟到。
Itisrareforhimtobelate.
2.worthyadj.(做表语)值得的，配得上的；（做定语）有价值的，可敬的,优秀的
①Hedidaworthyjob.=Hedidanexcellentjob.
②Theparkisworthyofavisit.
ofbeingvisited.
tobevisited.
Cf:
①Theparkisworthavisit.
visiting.
②Thebookisworth10yuan.
3.burdenvt.使挑重担；使负重
n.重担；负荷
burdensbwithsth.
beburdenedwithsth.
Heisonlytwenty-two,buthehastobeburdenedwithafamily.
4.approvevi.赞成approveofsth.
vt.批准
approvaln.
①Theydon’tquiteapproveoftheplan.
②Theministerapprovedthebuildingplan.
II.Phrases
1.attendto
注意，专心=payattentionto；
照料,照顾=lookafter；
处理，对付=dealwith；
接待=serve
①IwishIhadattendedtowhatshesaid.
②Shehasagreatdealtoattendtotoday.
③Hewascalledintoattendtoawoundedboy.
Areyoubeingattendedto,sir?先生，有人接待你吗？
Cf:attend（on/upon）伺候
Thequeenwasattendedonbyanumberofservants.
2.gofar(货币)值钱，耐花；大有帮助，起很大作用；大有前途/成就
①Hehasanincomeof500yuanpermonth.Itdoesn’tgofarforhisfamily.
②Yoursuggestionwillgofartowardssolvingtheproblem.
③Amanwithcourageandconfidencewillgofar.
3.takepridein=beproudof
Hetakesprideinhisfurnishedhouse.=
Heisproudofhisfurnishedhouse.
4.doup把（头发）向上盘；
梳妆，打扮=makeup；
cf:dressup
扎，捆，扣=fasten/tie；
收拾，整理tidyup/cleanup；
包起来，扎起来=wrap；
整修，装饰（房屋等）=repair/decorateahouse
doyourselfup:makeup梳妆，打扮
doupthebuttons系纽扣
doupthefurniture整修家具
douptherooms粉刷房间
douppresents包礼物
①玛丽已打扮好，准备参加舞会。
Maryhasdoneherselfupfortheparty.
②这条裙子是从后面扣的。
Thisskirtdoesupattheback.
③Aftershehesitatedforaminute,shequicklydidupherhair.
④Thelittlegirldidupthebuttonsthewrongway.
⑤Canyoudomethefavortodouptheroom?
5.letdown使失望disappoint；使丢脸shame；不支持；放下putdown
①I’mdepending/relying/accountingonyoutosupportme.Don’tletmedown.
②LetdownaropesothatIcanclimbup.
6.fixsthon/uponsth/sb.=①stareatsb/sth.②全神贯注于
Hesatonthecouch,withhiseyesfixedonthesetofcombs.
Hefixed/focused/concentrated/centeredhisattentiononlisteningtothenews.
7．atlength最后，终于=atlast；详尽地=indetail;长久地=foralongtime
他终于回来了。Atlengthhereturned.
他详细地给我讲了很久
Hespoketomeat(great)length
III.Sentencepatters
1.[Inthehallbelow]wasamailboxintowhichnoletterwouldgo.
[Down]flowedthebrowncascade.
Manyhappyhourshadshespent,planningforsomethingniceforhim.

2.TomorrowwouldbeChristmasDayandshehadonly$1.87withwhichtobuyJimapresent.=
…shehadonly$1.87withwhichshecouldbuyJimapresent.
Pleasegivemeaknifewithwhichtocuttheapple.=….aknifewithwhichIcancuttheapple.

3.Itwasnotanger,norsurprise,noralookshowingthathedidnotapprove,norhorror,noranyofthefeelingsthatshehadbeenpreparedfor.
not…nor…不。。。也不。。。（连接并列成分或句子）
①Iwillnotdoit,norconsiderit.
②Idon’tknowwherehehasgone,nordoIcare.
4.Thedullpreciousmetalseemedtoflash,asif(itwas)reflectingherbrightspirit.
asif/asthough
Shestoodasif(shewas)rootedtotheground.
Shestaredatthegirlasif(shewas)seeingherforthefirsttime.
Sheopenedhermouthasif(shewas)tospeak.
5.Let’sforgetaboutitnowandhaveourdinner,shallwe?
Letushavedinner,willyou?

V.Practice

(A)Fillintheblankwithproperwords.
1.Myunclespendsalmostallofhisincomecollectingrarestamps.
2.Aredlightwillstartflashing/toflashwhenthebatteriesaregettinglow.
3.Motherdoesn’tapproveofhersmoking.
4.Howmuchbaggagedoyouhaveforthistrip?Fivepieces.
5.Theapartmentiswellfurnished.
6.Helooksveryshabbywearingaworn-outovercoat.
7.Somepeoplethrowawayhouseholdgarbageatwill,makingenvironmentpolluted.
8.Theoutcomeoftheirdiscussionisstillunknown.
9.Yourhairissolong.Goandgetahaircut.

(B)Fillintheblankwithproperphrases.
1.Shewon’tgowithyoubecausesheisattendingto/willattendto/mustattendto/hastoattendtothebaby.
2.I’msorrytoletyoudown,butIreallycan’tdoanythingnow.
3.Theytake/tookprideintheirdaughter’ssuccess.
4.Theyspokeatlength_aboutthesituationbeforemakingthedecision.
5.Alextriedtofixhismindon/uponthejobathand.
6.Thepresentwasdoneupinyellowwrappingpaperwhenitarrived.
7.Burdenedwithalargefamily,themanhadtoworkhard.

(C)Multiplechoices
1.Heisapatientneeding___.
A.attendingB.attendingto
C.attendingonD.alloftheabove
2.Shewascarryingaparcelofbooks___inbrownpaper.
A.doingupB.doneup
C.doingwithD.donewith
3.Thequestionfacingbusinessiswhethersuchresearchis__________thecosts.
A.valuableB.worthof
C.worthyofD.worthwhile
4.Onthedoorwaspinnedanote,which___“Thankyouforyourhelp.”
A.readB.say
C.wroteD.wasread
5.Whenthefamousscientistwasmakingaspeech,manyeyeswere___onhim.
A.setB.centered
C.fixedD.aimed
6.Ican’tsavemoremoneybecause1000Yuanamonthdoesn’t___far.
A.goB.walk
C.lastD.spread
7.Ourschoolisabeautifulandfamousone.Itook___inbeingamemberofit.
A.gloryB.honor
C.prideD.pleasure
8.Sheisagirlwholikestoshowherbeauty.Look,sheis___herselfupagain.
A.makingB.doing
C.pickingD.taking
9.Sheisaverypromisinggirl;Ithinkshewillnever___usdown.
A.getB.set
C.letD.put
10.___productionupby60percent/Astheproductionhasrisen/increasedby60percent,thecompanyhashadanotherexcellentyear.(NMET2000)
A.AsB.For
C.WithD.Through

(D)Writing
根据下面提示和所给的词,写一篇短文。
李华：家庭富有，独立，勤奋；学习上从不让人失望；很少上网，不爱打扮，是个好学生；大学期间在外租房；不顾父母反对，找了份照顾老太太的零工。
Letdownraredoupbeworthyfurnishapproveattendto
ThoughLiHuaisacollegestudentfromawealthyfamily,sheisdiligentandindependent.Shehasneverletherparentsorteachersdowninherstudieseversinceherchildhood.Comparedwithotherstudents,sheisararevisitortoacybercafe,butafrequentvisitortothelibraryorabookstore.Sheneverwastestimedoingherselfup,butoccupiesherselfwithcourses.Sheisworthyofthehonorasagoodstudent.
Shelivesinafurnishedflat.Thoughherparentsdon’tapproveofhertakingpart-timejobs,shehasgotonerecently.Sheisattendingtoanoldladynotfarfromherflat.Shethinksthisexperiencewillbeusefulforherfuturework.

Unit 10 American literature (Grammar)

典型例题
1．The_____isjustaroundthecornerandyouwon’tmissit．
A．bicycle’sshopB．bicycleshopC．bicyclesshopD．bicycle’sshop
选B。名词做定语如表所属关系有两种情况：①有生命的东西要加’s；②无生命的东西常用of。名词做定语如不表所有关系，往往只用名词单数形式。表示什么样的商店要用名词单数形式修饰shop。译文：自行车商店就在拐角处，你不会错过它的。
2．Theysold____boxesofsuchsweetslastweek．
A．fourdozenB．fourdozensC．fourdozensofD．fourdozenof
选A。dozen与数词或many，several等词连用时，一般不用复数形式，故B、C两项不选。此外，dozen与数词连用作定语时，一般也不加of。但在Twodozenofthesearewanted一句中，dozen后面有of是因为有限定词these（或the，his，her，mytheir等）。Dozensofpeoplewerehare一句中，dozensof表示“很多”。
3．Onthegroundonsomehay_____apeasantboyofnotmorethanseventeen．
A．lieB．lyingC．layD．laid
选C。lay是lie的过去式，由介词短语前置而引起的主谓倒装。以下三个动词常易混淆，需经常练习。
lie，lay，lain，lying（躺）
lay，laid，laid，lying（摆放，产卵）
lie，lied，lied，lying（说谎）
此外还有：
wind，wound，wound，wingding（蜿蜒）
wound，wounded，wounded，wounding（使……受伤）
find，found，found，finding（找到）
found，founded，founded，founding（建立）
4．Hesaidthathewouldwritetousbutsofarwe_____fromhim．
A．haven’theardB．didn’thear
C．shouldnotheardD．hadn’thear
选A。sofar通常与现在完成时连用，转折连词but前是回忆他的话，but后是目前的结果“未收到他的信”，but后不应当是过去时或过去完成时，因此排除B、D两项。C项与句意不符。
5．Itwasobviousthattheman____drivingonthefreewayforalmostanhourwhenhe____thathemustcomeback．
A．was；toldB．hadbeen；wastold
C．hadbeen；toldD．was；wastold
选B。只有hadbeendriving能与时间状语foralmostanhour连用，而第二空只能用被动语态，满足这两个要求的只有B项。
6．EitherTomorI______toblame．
A．tobeB．amC．areD．is
选B。当两个主语由连词or，either…or，neither…nor，notonly…butalso…等连接时，谓语动词要与邻近它的主语一致。这里与谓语邻近的主语是代词I，所以系动词要用am。如：NotonlyAlicebutalsoherfriendshavecome.Neithertheteachernorthestudentsareintroducedtomywife．
7．Onedollarandeighty-sevencents_____enoughforthecoat．
A．isB．areC．hasD．have
选A。表示时间、距离、重量、长度、度量、价值等的复数名词做主语时，一般把它看作一个整体，谓语动词一般用单数形式。如：
Twentypoundsisnotheavy．
Fiveweeksoffisagoodvacation．
8．ThisisthesecondtimeI_____byhim；Ishallnevertrusthimagain．
A．wasletdownB．havebeenletdown
C．havebeenputdownD．amletout
选B。在This/Itisthefirst/second…lasttime后面的从句一般用现在完成时。如：
ThisisthefirsttimeIhavebeenhere．但是在Itistime后的从句是虚拟语气，往往用过去式。如：
Itis（high）timethatwewenttoschool．（有时也可用should加原形动词）。词组letdown意为“使失望”“拆台”；putdown意为“放下”“镇压”“记下”；letout意为“发出”“泄露”，根据意思和语法，B为最佳答案，意思为“这是他第二次拆我的台，我再也不相信他了”。
9．Ifyougoout，whowill_____thelady？
A．attendtoB．careofC．lookforD．takecare
选A。attendto意为“照顾”“看护”，其中的attend是不及物动词。attend也可作及物动词，意为“出席”“参加”“上（学）”“听（课）”“医治”等。
10．Dellawentbacktoherroom，_____tobuyherhusbandJimapresent．
A．withhermindmakingupB．hermindmakingup
C．withhermindmadeupD．hermindbeingmadeup
选C。用介词with引起的短语常起伴随状语的作用。本句中短语的分词应为过去分词，表示“决心已下”，具有完成和被动的含义。所以A、B两项都不对；D项为独立主格结构，但其分词部分为现在分词的被动式，表示一种进行时的被动，也不对。

语法指南
复习各种时态
英语中不同时间发生的动作要用不同的动词形式来表示，这就是动词的时态，英语动词共有十六种时态，现将常用的几种归纳如下：
▲一般现在时
一般现在时可用来表示普遍真理或客观事实。如：
Lightgoesfasterthansound．光比声音传播速度快。
Twoplusthreeisfive．二加三等于五。
Theearthmovesaroundthesunwhilethemoonmovesaroundtheearth．
地球绕着太阳转而月亮绕着地球转。
▲经常性、习惯性的动作或存在的状态
Americaisgrowingoldertoday．10outofevery100Americansareover65．
美国是一个人口正趋于老化的国家，每一百个美国人中就有十人年龄超过六十五岁。
Tomgetsupat6:00andgoestoschoolat7:30everymorning．
汤姆每天早上六点起床，七点半上学。
Suzhouisabeautifulcity．苏州是一座美丽的城市。
▲表示现在时刻发生的动作或存在的状态。
HerecomesMrWang．王先生来了。
Whattimeisitnow？现在几点？
Now，look，Iopenthedoor．你瞧我现在开门。
▲表示计划、安排好的将来的动作。如：
IleaveforShanghainextTuesday.我下周二去上海。
HisbirthdayfallsonMay4．五月四日是他生日。
Theyattackatmidnight．他们定于午夜发起进攻。
▲在时间、条件从句中，用一般现在时表示将来的动作。如：
Ifitrainstomorrow，we’llhavetostayathome．如果明天下雨，我们只得呆在家里。
I’lltenhimthenewsassoonashecomeshack．他一回来我就告诉他这个消息。
▲舞台动作说明、运动解说、剧情介绍等。如：
SmithpassestoTom，TomtoJack，JacktoSimons，niceball——andSmithshoots．
史密斯传给汤姆，汤姆传给杰克，杰克传给西蒙，好球！——史密斯射门。
ShylockadvancestowardAntonioandpreparestousehisknife．
夏洛克向安东尼奥走去，准备动刀了。
▲一般过去时
表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。如：
Iusedtogotoschoolearly．我过去总是很早去学校。
EverymorningItookawalkwhenIlivedinthecountry．我住在乡间时，每天早上都去散步。
▲过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。如：
Wherewereyouyesterday？昨天你在哪里？
ImetAliceinthestreetbutwedidn’tstoptotalk．
我在街上遇到了艾丽丝，但我们没有停下来聊天。
Didyouenjoythefilm？你喜欢那部电影吗？
▲在口语中，一般过去时可用来代替一般现在时，表示婉转的语气。如：
Iwonderifyoucouldhelpme．不知你能否帮我个忙。
Didyouwishtoseeme？你要找我吗？
▲在时间、条件从句中用一般过去时表示过去将来发生的事。如：
TheysaidtheywouldallleaveifMikestayed．他们说如果迈克留下，他们就都走。
MotherpromisedtobuyabikeforTomifhepassedtheexam．
母亲答应如果汤姆考试及格就给他买辆自行车。
▲一般将来时
一般将来时表示将来某一时刻要发生的动作或存在的状态。如：
Youwillgetwetifyougooutwithoutanumbrella．你出门不带伞会被淋湿的。
Hewillbesixteenyearsoldnextmonth．下月他就满十六岁了。
IamsorryIshallnotbefreetomorrowmorning．对不起，明天上午我没空。
▲begoingto表示现在打算在最近或将来要做的事，或表示说话人根据已有迹象推断可能要发生的事。如：
WearegoingtohaveanEnglisheveningtonight．今晚我们准备开个英语晚会。
Itlooksasifit’sgoingtorain．看上去天要下雨了。
Ithinkheisgoingtoleavesoon．我认为他很快就会离开。
▲be＋不定式，表示按计划安排要发生的事，或用来征求对方意见。如：
ThereistobeapartyonSaturdayevening．星期六晚上有个聚会。
AmItogoonwiththework？这工作我还继续干下去吗？
IamtomeetMrSmithateleventhismorning．我要在今天上午十一点钟见史密斯先生。
▲beabout＋不定式，表示即将发生……，意为“即将”“正要”。如：
Let’shurry.Themeetingisabouttobegin．让我们快点，会议就要开始了。
TheSmithsareabouttostartonajourney．史密斯一家就要去旅行了。
beabout＋不定式表示马上就要进行的动作，故在句中与表示具体的将来时间连用，但可以和as或when引导的时间状语从句连用。如：
AsIcame，shawasabouttogotothecinema．我到时，她要去电影院了。
WhenIreachedhome，Motherwasabouttogoshopping．我到家时，母亲准备出去购物。
will和begoingto都可表示意愿，但前者多表示决心、意志；而后者表示经过考虑后的打算。请比较：
Heisstudyinghardandisgoingtotakethecollegeentranceexams．他正努力学习，正准备考大学。
Theywillgotheirownwayinspiteofthedifficulties．不管有多少困难，他们都决心走自己的路。
will可用于条件句中表示意愿，这时will是情态动词。
Ifshe’lllistentome，I’llgivehersomeadvice．如果她愿意听我说，我会给她一些劝告。
上句中用在条件句中的will表示意愿，不是表示单纯的将来，但begoingto可用于条件句中表示单纯的将来。如：
Ifyouaregoingtovisitthemuseumnextweek，pleasetakeHelenalong．
如果下周你去参观那个博物馆，请带上海伦一起去。
一般将来时还可以表示一种倾向或一种固有的特性。如：
Alllivingthingswilldiewithoutairandwater．没有空气和水，所有的生物都将死亡。
Waterwillboilifheatedto100℃．水如果被加热到摄氏一百度就会沸腾。
▲过去将来时
表示从过去某一时间来看将要发生的动作，主要用在宾语从句中。如：
JacksaidhewouldgotoHawaiifortheholiday．杰克说他将去夏威夷度假。
IaskedifhewouldcomeandrepairmyTVset．我问他是否可以来给我修理电视机。
Ithoughtitwouldrain，andsureenoughitdid．我想会下雨，果然下了。
从过去某一时间来看将要发生的事，还可以用were／wasgoingtodo或were／wastodo或was／wereabouttodo来表示。如：
Hesaidhewasgoingtotry．他说他准备试一试。
Iwasabouttogowhenafrienddroppedin．我正要出门，来了一个朋友。
ShewastomeetKurtatanappointedplaceonthestreet．她将和库尔特在街上约定的地方见面。
was／were＋不定式的完成式表示本来打算做某事，而后来没有做。如：
IwastohaveseenhimlastSundaybuthedidnotcome．我本打算上星期天和他见面的，但他没有来。
IwastohavetoldyouaboutitbutIdidn’thavetimetocomeover．
我本来要告诉你的，但我没有时间过来。
▲现在进行时
表示正在进行的动作。如：
Thetelephoneisringing．Wouldyouanswerit？电话铃响了，请你接一下，好吗？
Theyaremakingpreparationsforit．他们正在做准备工作。
▲表示现阶段正在进行，而此刻不一定在进行的动作。如：
HeisstudyingEnglishandteachingChinese．他在学习英语，又在教汉语。
ProfessorSmithistranslatinganovelthesedays．这些天史密斯教授正在翻译一本小说。
▲有些表示“变化、移动”概念的动词，它们的现在进行时表示将要发生的动作，类似动词有go，start，arrive，return等等。如：
AreyouleavingforShanghaitomorrow？明天你去上海吗？
Howmanyofyouarecomingtotheparty？你们有多少人来参加聚会？
▲现在进行时态与always，forever，constantly，continually等副词连用时，表示反复出现的或习惯性的动作，并且含有某种感情色彩，如赞叹、厌恶等。如：
Heisalwaysmakingsillymistake．他总是犯愚蠢的错误。
Youarealwaysinterruptingme！你老打断我的话。
Sheisalwaysthinkingofherwork．她老想到她的工作。
HeiscontinuallyremindingmeofwhatIowehim．他老提起我欠他钱的事。
▲过去进行时
表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间正在进行的动作。如：
TomwaswatchingTVwhenIcamein．我进来时，汤姆正在看电视。
Shewasthenworkinginanarmyhospital．那时她在一家陆军医院工作。
Atthattimehewasworkinginalaboratory．那时他在一家实验室工作。
Duringthesummerof2003shewastravellinginEurope．2003年夏天她在欧州旅行。
▲和现在进行时一样，某些动词如come，go，leave，stay等的过去进行时表示过去将来的动作。如：
Shetoldmeshewassendingmesomenewstampssoon．她告诉我，不久她就会给我寄几张新邮票来。
Sheknewtheplanewastakingoffinfiveminutes．她知道飞机五分钟后就要起飞了。
▲和现在进行时一样，过去进行时与always，forever，continually，constantly，frequently连用时，表示过去的经常性、习惯性动作，并带说话者的某种感情，如赞美、厌恶等。如：
Thetwobrotherswerefrequentlyquarrelling.这俩兄弟老是吵架。
Hewasalwayscomplainingaboutsomething．他老是怨这怨那。
Shewascontinuallyaskingquestions．她老是提问题。
过去进行时与一般过去时的区别，前者表示一个正在进行的尚未完成的动作，而后者表示一个业已完成的动作。如：
Shewaswritingletters．Ididn’twanttodisturbher．她在写信，我不想打扰她。
Shewroteseverallettersandaskedmetopostthem．她写了几封信让我寄出去。
Itwasrainingthismorning．今天早晨一直在下雨。
Itrainedthismorning．今天早晨下雨了。
动词hope，think，wonder的过去进行时并非指过去，而是指现在，表示谦虚，有礼貌的询问或建议。如：
Iwaswonderingwhetheryou’dliketogowithme．我不知道你是否愿意和我一起去。
Iwashopingwecouldhavedinnertotogether．我希望我们能在一起吃饭。
▲将来进行时
表示将来某一时刻或某段时间内进行的动作。如：
Don’tphonemebetween7and8p.m．We’llbehavingdinnerthen．
七、八点钟之间别来电话，那时我们正在吃晚饭。
Atthistimetomorrow，I’llbetakingatest．明天这时我会在考试。
Aweekfromtoday，we’llbeflyinghome．一星期之后我们就乘坐飞机回家了。
▲将来进行时还可用来表示安排要做的事。如：
We’llbespendingthewinterinAustralia．我们将在澳大利亚过冬。
ProfessorBlakewinbegivingalectureonAmericanLiteraturetomorrowevening．
布莱克教授明晚将作一个关于美国文学的报告。
将来进行时比一般将来时语气委婉客气。如：
Whenyoupaybackthemoney？（不太客气）
Whenyoubepayingbackthemoney？（比较委婉）
▲现在完成时
表示发生在过去或已经完成了的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，换言之动作已发生在过去，着重的是对现在的影响。如：
HaveyoueverbeentotheGreatWall？你过去长城吗？
Ihaveforgottenhertelephonenumber．我忘了她的电话号码了。
We’venotbeentothecinemarecently．我们最近没去看电影。
▲表示过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态。如：
Hehasworkedasananimaltrainerformanyyears.他当了好几年的训兽师。
I’vewaitedaweekforyouranswer．等你的答复我等了一个星期。
▲用于时间或条件从句中，表示将来某时完成的动作。如：
Don’tgetoffthebusuntilithasstopped．等车停了再下车。
We’llstartatthreeo’clockifithasstoppedrainingbythen．
我们将在三点钟动身，如果那时雨停了的话。
现在完成时和一般过去时的比较：
这两个时态虽都表示过去发生的事，但着眼点不一样，现在完成时是要说明过去的动作对现在的影响，而一般过去时只是单纯的谈过去的动作或状态本身，不与现在相联系。如：
“Comeandhavebreakfastwithus．”“Thankyou．I’vejusthadit．”
“来跟我们一块儿吃早饭吧。”“谢谢，我已吃过了。”（饱了，吃不下了）
Ihadmybreakfastinthedininghall．我在饭厅吃的早饭。（仅说明吃饭这个事实）
I’vechosensomeCDsfortheparty．我为晚会选了几张唱盘。（可以在晚会上听了）
Ichosesomenovelsandboughtthem．我挑了几本小说买下了。（没说明与现在的联系）
Ihaveseenhim．我见过他了。
Isawhimyesterday．我昨天见到他了。
▲现在完成进行时
表示一个由过去某时起一直持续的动作，这个动作可能刚停止，也可能还在继续。如：
Thereyouare！I’vebeenwaitingfortwohours！
你到底来了，我等你等了二个小时了！
Sheisverytired．She’sbeenworkingthewholemorning．她很累，她干了一个上午了。
Ithasbeenraining，butithasjuststoppednow．天一直下雨，刚停。
▲有时现在完成进行时不是指某动作一直在不停地进行，而是表示一直到说话时的一段时间内一直重复的动作，常常有感情色彩。如：
Hehasbeencallingonherseveraltimesthisweek．他这个星期几次来看她。
We’vebeenhavingalotofrainrecently．最近雨水很多。
▲有时现在完成进行时表示“刚才”或“近来”发生的动作，也就表示直到说话时为止的一段时间内发生的动作。这一动作到说话时已经结束，而且不再继续下去。这种用法主要表示某一动作所产生的结果或对现在的影响。如：
Youhavebeencleaningtheclassroom．Ithink．
我想你刚才在打扫教室吧！（言外之意：Yourclothesarecoveredwithdust．）
Theboyhasbeenplayingwithtoys．
那男孩一直在玩玩具。（言外之意：Therearetoyshareandthereonthenoor．）
Hereyesarered．Shehasbeencrying．她眼睛红了，她一直在哭。
现在完成进行时和现在完成时的比较：
这两个动作都表示“从过去开始一直持续到现在”的动作，有时可换用，但现在完成时着重动作的结果，而现在完成进行时着重表示动作的未完成，强调动作的持续性。如：
Ihavebeenreadingthebook．
我一直在读这本书。（强调动作的持续性）
Ihavereadthebook．我读过这本书了。（强调动作的结果）
Whohasbeendrinkmywine？谁喝了我的酒？（已喝掉）
Whohasbeendrinkingmywine？谁喝我的酒来着？（被喝掉一些）
不用进行时态的动词。感官动词等不可用现在完成时或进行时，但可用其现在完成时。如：
IhaveknownhimsinceIwasachild．我从孩子时起就认识他了。
Ihaven’tseenhimforalongtime．我很久没见过他了。
▲过去完成时
表示在过去某时间之前已经发生或存在的状态。
WhenIrang，Maryhadalreadygonetowork．我打电话时玛丽已经上班了。
Bydusk，thenewshadspreadthroughthetown．到黄昏，消息已传遍全镇。
Theroomwasdirty．Ihadn’tcleaneditforweeks．房间很脏，我已几个星期没打扫了。
▲过去完成时还可表示过去某一时间发生的动作或状态一直延续到某个时候，并可能继续下去，常用for或since或by引导时间状语。如：
Shehadlivedinthesouthforthreeyearsbeforeshecamehere．她来这儿之前，在南方住了三年。
Bytheendoflastmonth，Ihadstudiedinthecollegefortwoyears．
到上月底，我在这所学院已学习两年了。
表示过去的两个动作紧接着发生，可不用过去完成时，而用一般过去时，常见于assoonas，before，after，immediately，instantly，themoment等引导的带有时间状语从句的复合句中。如：
IlovedyouthemomentIsawyou．我一见到你就爱上你了。
Immediatelysheentered，hiseyeslitup．她一进来他的眼睛就亮了起来。
DirectlyIwalkedinthedoorIsmeltsmoke．我一进门就闻到烟味。
某些表示意愿、希望、打算、意图等的动词，其过去完成时表示本打算做而未做的事，这些动词是：think，suppose，plan，want，intend，mean等。
IhadhopedtosendhimaChristmascard,butIforgottodoso．
我本来希望寄一张圣诞卡给他的，但我忘了寄了。
Wehadthoughttoreturnearlybuthewouldn’tletusgo．我们本想早点回来的，但他们不让我们走。
Shehadintendedtospeak，buttimedidnotpermit．她本想发言，可时间不允许。
▲过去完成进行时
表示从过去某时开始，一直持续到过去的那个时刻的动作，该动作可能刚结束，也可能还要继续。如：
Ihadbeenwaitingintheroomforhalfanhourbeforeshecalledmein.
在她喊我进去之前，我已经在房间里等了半个小时。
Shewasoutofbreath．Shehadbeenrunning．她气喘吁吁。她一直在跑来着。
Janewasannoyed．Peterhadbeenphoninghereverynight．简很不高兴，彼得每晚给她打电话。
请注意过去完成进行时与过去进行时的区别：
LastnightIwasreadinganovelwhenthebellrang．昨晚铃响时，我正在读一本小说。（当时正在读）
LastnightIhadbeenreadinganovelwhenthebellrang．到昨晚铃响时，我一直在读一本小说。（一直在读）
请注意过去完成进行时或现在完成进行时的区别：前者表示到过去某个时刻还在进行，后者表示到现在还在进行。试比较：
Hehadbeensmokingfortwentyyearswhenhedecidedtogiveitup．
当他决定戒烟时，他已有二十年的烟龄了。
Hehasbeensmokingfortwentyyears．他已有二十年的烟龄了。（到现在为止）
请注意过去完成进行时与过去完成时的区别：前者表示到过去某时为止动作一直在持续，未必完成，而后者表示动作已完成。试比较：
Shesaidshehadbeenwritinghercomposition．她说她一直在写作文。（可能尚未完成）
Shesaidshehadwrittenhercomposition．她说她的作文已写完了。（已完成）
▲将来完成时
表示将来某个时间之前已经完成的动作。如：
I’msurehewillhavesettledtheproblembeforeyouarrivethere．
我相信在你到那儿之前，这个问题他已经解决了。
OnMondayhe’llhavebeeninAmericaforthreeyears．到星期一，他在美国就满三年了。
Thefilmwillhavestartedbythetimewegettothecinema．我们到电影院时电影已开始。’
Byteno’clockthisevening，Ishallhavereviewedlessons．到今晚十点钟，我将复习完功课了。

［语法专项训练］
单项选择
1．---MissZhang’ssecond-handcar_____wrongthoughsheuseditonlyonce．
---You’dbettergotocheckit．
A．hasgoneB．wentC．goesD．hadgone
2．Thetelephone____fourtimesinthelasthour，andeachtimeit_____forthestudentdoingapart-timejobhere．
A．hasrung，wasB．hasbeenringing，is
C．hadrung，wasD．rang，hasbeen
3．Thedaybeforeyesterdaywe______averybadstorm．
A．hadB．hadhadC．werehavingD．havehad
4．Eversincetheycametolivehere,they______everythingabouttheplace．
A．hatedB．havehatedC．hateD．havebeenhating
5．---Didhedecidetotakepartinthecompetition？
---Yes，ofcourse．He_____to．
A．hasbeenencouragingB．hadbeenencouraged
C．hasbeenencouragedD．wastobeencouraged
6．Wherehaveyoubeen？We_____youbackmuchearlier．
A．wereexpectingB．areexpecting
C．haveexpectedD．werehoping
7．---Ihearthatyou_____anewhouse．
---Yes，butI_____initnow．
A．havebought，won’tliveB．havebought，amnotliving
C．winbuy，havewelivedD．willbuy，amnotliving
8．---Who_____thatpiano？
---Mywife,whenshe______time.
A．plays，hasB．isplaying，has
C．plays，ishavingD．isplaying，hashad
9．Isitthesecondtime______you______here？
A．when，havebeenB．that，came
C．that，wereD．that，havecome
10．ThekeyI_____I_____inmyownpocket．
A．think，lostB．hadbought，lost
C．thought，hadlostD．havethought，havelost
11．---____thenewVCDforme，Mum？Youpromised．
---Oh，dear，I____．
A．Willyoubuy,forgetB．Didyoubuy，forgot
C．Haveyoubought,forgotD．Wouldyoubuy，haveforgotten
12．---Whydidyougotobedsoearlylastnight？
---BecauseI____verytired．
A．amfeelingB．wasfeelingC．feltD．hadfelt
13．Whentheboyaskedwhyhehadtogotobedearly，hismothertoldhimtheearlybird____theworm．
A．caughtB．catchasC．catchD．willcatch
14．Ihopeyou____allthematerialbeforeyoumakethefinaldecision．
A．willhavereadB．willread
C．willbereadingD．wouldhaveread
15．Thelittleboy______forages,Wheredoyousupposeheis？
A．hadbeengoingB．isgone
C．hasgoneD．hasbeengone
16．LastSundavallthestudentswenttoanearbyfarm，wherethey____forsixhours.
A．workedB．hadworkedC．haveworkedD．wereworking
l7．Bythetimehewas14，he_____advancedmathematics．
A．wasteachinghimselfB．taughthimself
C．hadtaughthimselfD．hastaughthimself
18．She’stoothin．She____putonsomeweightbutshe______toolittle．
A．would，eatsB．will，eatsC．would，ateD．will，ate
19．Lookatthedarkclouds．Itlooksasit_____.
A．willrainB．isgoingtorain
C．istorainD．isabouttorain
20．---Haveyourepairedmywatchyet？
---oh，sorry．I_____doitatonce．
A．amgoingtoB．amtoC．shallD．will
21．---Whenareyouleavinghere？
---Tomorrowmorning．Myplane_____attena.m．
A．willleaveB．isleavingC．leavesD．istoleave
22．---Letusgoandseeifthefootballgameshasended？
---Ended？Itmustbeclearwhichteam______．
A．iswinningB．haswonC．wonD．wouldwin
23．JohnandI______friendsforeightyears．WefirstgottoknoweachotherataChristmasparty．Butwe_____eachotheracoupleoftimesbeforethat．
A．hadbeen，haveseenB．havebeen，haveseen
C．hadbeen，hadseenD．havebeen，hadseen
24．---Ifailedagain．IwishI_____harder．
---Butyou______.
A．hadworked，hadn’tB．worked，don’t
C．hadworked，didn’tD．worked，wouldn’t
25．Someone_____myumbrella．It’sallwetanditwaswetyesterdayandthedaybeforeyesterday．
A．wasusingB．musthaveused
C．hasusedD．hasbeenusing
26．You_____television．Whynotdosomethingmoreactive？
A．alwayswatchB．arealreadywatching
C．havealwayswatchedD．havealwaysbeenwatching
27．Mymoney_____．IhavetogotothebanktodrawsomeofmysavingsbeforeI’venoneinhand．
A．hasrunoutB．isrunningout
C．hasbeenrunoutD．isbeingrunout
28．---Haveyoueverworkedwithataperecorder？
---I____italotwhenIwasstudyingFrenchinschool．
A．usedB．wasusedC．haveusedD．hadused
29．Gladtoseeyouback．Howlong_____inAmerica？
A．didyoustayB．haveyoustayed
C．wereyoustayingD．haveyoubeenstaying
30．Heworksinafactorynow，buthe______onafarmfornearly10years．
A．workedB．hasworked
C．hadworkedD．hadbeenworking
31．---WasTominthelabwhenyouarrivedthere？
---Yes，buthe_____soonafterwards．
A．hadleftB．leftC．wouldleaveD．hasleft
32．Themedicineissupposedtocurethisdisease，butI’mnotsureifit______．
A．doesB．wasC．hasD．is
33．---Whatplaceisit？
---Haven’tyouseenthatwe_____backwherewe______？
A．were，hadbeenB．are，were
C．were，havebeenD．are，hadbeen
34．Shewasinherbedroom．Suddenlysheheardtheboyshoutingand_____outasquicklyaspossible．
A．goingB．goC．hadgoneD．went
35．---Willyouattendthemeetingthisafternoon？
---ButI_____anythingaboutthatyet．
A．hadn’ttoldB．haven’tbeentold
C．wasn’ttoldD．won’ttell
答案：
l-5AAABB6-10ABADC11-15CBBAD16-20ACABD
21-25CBDCD26-30BBAAA3-35BABDB

同步测试
Ⅰ．单项选择
1．Ifyougoout，whowill____thebaby？
A．attendtoB．looktoC．careaboutD．takefor
2．Themessage______infullasfollows．
A．isreadB．readsC．isreadingD．isbeingread
3．Hehadto_____hiswife_____whenshebecamementallyill．
A．send；awayB．throw；awayC．put；awayD．carry；away
4．Hiseyes_____themanwhohadjustentered．
A．fixedonB．werefixedonC．fixeduponD．werefixedin
5．Computersthatcanthinkareonly_____thecorner．
A．onB．inC．atD．around
6．______thewindow，myfingerwascutunexpectedly．
A．CleaningB．Toclean
C．WhilecleaningD．WhileIwascleaning
7．Heissometimesstrange，soIcan’t_____histhoughts．
A．noticeB．readC．seeD．know
8．Theshopownerwillgetallthesegoodsordered______tothecustomerstoday．
A．deliveredB．deliveringC．deliverD．todeliver
9．“Whydidyoucomesolate？”
“Thebuswascrowded．We______waitingforhalfanhour．”
A．werekeptB．keptC．havekeptD．hadkept
10．It’sapitythatthequarrel______theirfriendship．
A．madeupB．gaveupC．brokeupD．putoff
11．Aboutsixtypercentofthepopulation_____peasants，butthingsaredifferentnow．
A．isB．areC．wasD．were
12．Hewastakenawaybythepolice．He______forathief．
A．mustmistakeB．mustbemistaken
C．musthavebeentakenD．musthavemistaken
13．Weallknowthetruth____thereareair，waterandsunlight，therearelivingthings．
A．whereverB．thatC．whereD．thatwherever
14．“Whatabeautifulpicture！”“It’syars______apictureasbeautifulasthisone．”
A．thatIhavepaintedB．sinceIhavepainted
C．sinceIpaintedD．whenIpainted
15．“_____progressyouhavemadethisyear，Tom！”
“Thankyou．ButIhavealongwaytogo．”
A．WhatagoodB．HowrapidC．WhatgreatD．Howbig
16．Youcanusealargeplasticbottle,_____cutoff,asapottogrowflowersin．
A．thetopisB．withitstopC．whosetopD．thetopofwhich
17．Iboughtashirtbecauseitwasgoodinqualityand_____inprice．
A．valuableB．reasonableC．comfortableD．enjoyable
18．Sheseldom，if_____，goestothecinema．
A．everB．neverC．alwaysD．usually
19．Whentheyarrivedatthecrossroadstheywentthewrong_____．
A．pathB．wayC．streetD．direction
20．Hewentfromdoortodoor，______wastepaperandmagazines．
A．gatheringB．graspingC．storingD．collecting
21．Idon’tthinkI’llneedanymoneybutI’llbringsome______.
A．atlastB．incaseC．onceagainD．intime
22．“Whatdidyouthinkofthespeech？”
“She_____foronehourbutdidn’t______much．”
A．spoke；sayB．spoke；spokeC．said；speakD．said；say
23．Ihatetoreadletterswritten______apencilmorethan______ink．
A．in；inB．with；withC．with；inD．in；with
24．Anironandsteelworks，withsomesatellitefactories______tobebuilthere．
A．isB．areC．wasD．were
25．The_____lookonhisfacesuggestedhe______that．
A．surprised；hadn’texpectedB．surprising；hadn’texpected
C．surprised；haven’texpectedD．surprising；haven’texpected
26．Justafterputtingawaythedishes，______．
A．thedoorbellrangloudB．Nancyheardthedoorbellring
C．someoneknockedatthedoorD．thedoorbellwasrang
27．Don’tworry，I’llthink_____away_____thedifficulty．
A．of；outofB．about；ofC．of；outD．over；out
28．“Whatalovelyday！Won’tyougooutwiththem？”
“No，I’mgoingtohavemycar_____goout．”
A．fixupratherthanB．fixedupratherthan
C．tofixupmorethanD．tobefixedupratherthan
29．Voiceswere_____whenthediscussionbecamemoreheated．
A．risenB．raisedC．shoutedD．improved
30．Histheory_____manyscientitsand_____right．
A．surprised；isprovedB．issurprisedto；proved
C．issurprisedat；isprovedD．surprised；proved

Ⅱ．用所给词的适当形式填空。
bakery,prayer,pround,rare,simple,approval,possession,calculate,burden,possible
1．We’regoingaheadwiththeweddingeventhoughmyfamilydon’t______．
2．Itisn’t_____aquestionofmoney_____.
3．Ihave_____seensuchabeautifulsunsetattheseaside．
4．She_____herselfonherabilitytospeakseveralforeignlanguages.
5．Hewas______thatnoonehadnoticedhisabsence．
6．Inancienttimes，brickswere_____inthesun．
7．China’seconomicdevelopmenthasopenedupaworldof_____forwesterncompanies.
8．Thedevelovingcountriesbearthe_____ofanenormouseextermaldebt．
9．Accordingtoour_____，we’reonlygotthreeyearsleft．
10．Hegaveawayallthathe______．
Key:
Ⅰ
1-5ABCBD6-10DBAAC11-15DCDCC16-20BBABD
21-25BACAA26-30BABBD
Ⅱ
1.approve2.simply3.rarely4.prided5.praying6.baked
7.possibilities8.burden9.calculations10.possessed

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