代词?
(一)知识概要
英语中代词可以分为人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、疑问代词、不定代词。?人称代词主要有主格和宾格之别。请看下表
人称我你他她它我们你们他们
主格iyouhesheitweyouthey
宾格meyouhimheritusyouthem
物主代词分形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词两种。请看下表?
人称我的你的他的她的它的我们的你们的他们的
形容词性myyourhisheritsoursyourthey
名词性mineyourshishersitsoursyourstheirs
反身代词可见下表
人称我你他她它我们你们他们
反身代词myselfyourselfhimselfherselfitselfourselvesyourselfthemselves
指示代词主要有this,that,these,those
疑问代词有:who,whomwhose,what,which,
还有疑问副词when,how,where,why。
不定代词在初中课本中主要有some,any,many,much,each,neither,other,another,all,both,one,none,either…
(二)正误辨析
[误]Tomsmotheristallerthanmy.
[正]Tomsmotheristallerthanmine.
[析]形容词性物主代词可以作定语,也就是讲它可以作形容词,如:mybook,而这句话的意思是:汤姆的妈妈比我的妈妈高。比较的对象是mymother,也就是mine。
[误]Wehavealotofhomeworktodotoday.Soweneedtwoorthreehourstofinishthem.
[正]Wehavealotofhomeworktodotoday.Soweneedtwoorthreehourstofinishit.
[析]在应用代词时,要注意人称,格与数的一致性。这里it所代替的是不可数名词homework,所以应用it。
[误]Heandyoushouldgotothelibrarytoreturnthebooks.
[正]Youandheshouldgotothelibrarytoreturnthebooks.
[析]这主要是英语习惯上的用法。当两个以上的人称代词并列时其排列顺序一般为you,he,she,I,而复数时为we,you,they:如男女并列时,应先男后女,如:Heandshe…如果在表示不好意思,承担责任时,单数时用,I,he,she,you,复数时用They,you,we,如:TomandIaregoodfriends.
You,heandImustgotoplaythegameforourteamthisafternoon.
We,youandtheyhavebeentherebefore.
I,heandyouhavetopayforit.
[误]Heorhisbrotherisdoingtheirhomework.
[正]Heorhisbrotherisdoinghishomework.
[析]由either…or,neither…nor,or连接两个主语时,如果两主语是单数时,用单数代词,如两主语是复数时,用复数代词,如:Eitherteachersorstudentswanttodotheirbesttohelptheoldman.如是一单一复两名词时,一般将单数名词放在前,复数名词放在后,要用复数代词,如:Theteacherorhisstudentswillcleantheirclassroomtogether.
[误]Hisbrotheristallerthanhim.
[正]Hisbrotheristallerthanhe.
[析]than是连词,其后应视为省略句,thanheis.所以要注意区分其主格与宾格的用法。
Ilikeyouasmuchasshe.
[正]Ilikeyouasmuchasher.
[析]as…as其后也应看作是省略句。应为asIlikeher.所以应用宾格。而第一句应译为我像她那样喜欢你。两句语法都是对的但含义不同。
[误]Myselfdidityesterday.
[正]Imyselfdidityesterday.
[正]Ididitmyselfyesterday.
[析]反身代词不可作主语,但可以用作主语的同位语。?
[误]Takecareofourselves.
[正]Takecareofyourselves.(yourself)
[析]祈始句的主语应看作第二人称you.
[误]Pleasebringyourdaughterwithyourself.
[正]Pleasebringyourdaughterwithyou.
[析]反身代词不能作介词宾语,除非是由不及物动词与介词组成的动词短语,如:Theoldwomanspoketoherself.
[误]Makeyourselfhome.
[正]Makeyourselfathome.
[析]这是英语中的习惯用法,意为“像在家里一样”。这样的用法还有:?
enjoyoneself玩得开心makeyourselfathome像在家中一样
helpyourselftosomething自己拿某物lostoneself迷路
seatoneself就坐dressoneself穿衣
[误]— Whosthisspeaking.— ThatsMary.
[正]— Whosthatspeaking.— ThisisMary.
[析]在电话用语中,this指讲话人自己,而that指对方。
[误]Thedaysinsummerarelongerthanthisinwinter.
[正]Thedaysinsummerarelongerthanthoseinwinter.
[析]在比较句中往往为了避免重复,可以用that或those取代前面提到的事物,如是单数时用that,复数时用those,如:TheweatherinBeijingishotterthanthatinChangChun.
[误]Itissoagoodbookthateveryonelikestoread.
[正]Itissuchagoodbookthateveryonelikestoread.
[正]Itissogoodabookthateveryonelikestoread.
[析]在可数名词单数时可用so+形容词+不定冠词+名词+that从句,也可用such+不定冠词+形容词+that从句。在不可数名词或可数名词复数时,只用such,如:ItissuchgoodweatherthatIwanttogoswimming.TheyaresuchgoodbooksthatIwanttobuythemall.在many,much,few,little这4个词前仅能用so,如:Shehassomuchmoneythatshecanbuyeverythingshewants.而在so与that之间仅存形容词时,则不能用such,如:Sheissosweetthateveryonelikesher.
[误]Iwanttobuyasamedictionaryasyours.
[正]Iwanttobuythesamedictionaryasyours.
[析]same与定冠词the是固定搭配不可更改。这样的用法还有allthesame(仍然)。
[误]— Ihopeshemightpasstheexam.— Idonthopeso.
[正]— Ihopeshemightpasstheexam.— Ihopenot.
[析]在作肯定回答时,Ithinkso.Ihopeso.Ibelieveso.但作否定回答时为:Idontthinkso.Ihope/believenot.
[误]— Hestudiedveryhardthisterm.—Soshedid.
[正]—Hestudiedveryhardthisterm.—Sodidshe.
[误]—Englishisdifficulttolearn.—Soisit.
[正]—Englishisdifficulttolearn.—Soitis.
[析]在对话中如果某一动作同时适用于两个主语,这时在答语中要用缩写且要用倒装句。如第一组句,即studiedhard既适用于he,也适用于she.但答语仅仅是对前句的重复,即仅仅是第一句的缩写时则不要用倒装句。如第二组句子为:英语难学。答语为:是的,难学。这时缩写的答语不要用倒装句。
[误]Everyoneshoulddoonesbest.
[正]Everyoneshoulddohisbest.
[析]one作代词时,它的复数形式是ones,所有格形式是ones,反身代词为oneself.如果讲Oneshoulddoonesbest.则是对句。如果one与别的词组成其他词,如:someone,anyone,everyone或onlyone则要用his/her,来作其所有格形式。
[误]—Whowonthegame?—None.
[正]—Whowonthegame?—Noone.
[析]由who提问的句子的否定回答中的简略说法是noone,而由Howmany提问的句子的否定回答中的简略语是None.如:Howmanybooksarethere?None.
[误]Therearemanytreesoneithersidesofthestreet.
[正]Therearemanytreesoneithersideofthestreet.
[正]Therearemanytreesonbothsidesofthestreet.
[析]either作代词时由两个含意,其一是两者中随便哪一个,如:Youcantakeeither.其二是两者中的每一个。但要注意的是either后要加单数名词,如果作主语则谓语动词也要用单数形式。
[误]EitheryouorIareright.
[正]EitheryouorIamright.
[析]在either…or,或neither…nor连接两个主语时,其谓语动词要与和其相近的那个主语相配。
[误]Ihavethreesisters.Neitherofthemisadoctor.
[正]Ihavethreesisters.Noneofthemisadoctor.
[析]neither用于两者中无一是,而none则用于多于两者中的人或事物无一是。
[误]HedoesntlikeBeijingopera.Idontliketoo.
[正]HedoesntlikeBeijingopera,Idontlikeeither.
[析]either作为“也”讲时,要用于否定句中,而too则用于肯定句中。
[误]Welikeboththislittleboy.
[正]Webothlikethislittleboy.
[析]both作同位语时,它在句中的位置有:在be动词之后,如:Wearebothstudents.在实意动词之前,如:Theparentsbothwanttogotothecinema.用于第一助动词之后,如:WehavebothreadtheseEnglishnovels.使用时要注意以下句子的实际含意:Bothofusarenotright.应译为:我们俩不都对。Neitherofusisright.才应译为:我俩都不对。又如:Icantgiveyoubothofthebooks.意为:两本书我不能全给你,而Icantgiveyoueitherofthebooks.才为:两本书我全不能给你。
[误]Weeachhasaticketfortheconcert.
[正]Weeachhaveaticketfortheconcert.
[析]each作句子主语时其谓语动词要用单数形式,如:EachofuswantstolearnEnglishwell,但each作同位语时,则应以原名词的数为准。
[误]Everyofushastopasstheexam.
[正]Eachofushastopasstheexam.
[析]every只可作形容词,不可作代词,而each既可作形容词,又可作代词,在作形容词时each侧重强调个体,而every则侧重于全体。
[误]Everyoneofusshoulddohouseworktwohoursaday.
[正]Everyoneofusshoulddohouseworktwohoursaday.
[析]everyone不可与of结构相连接使用,而everyone则可以这样用。
[误]IshouldreadEnglisheveryday.
[正]IshouldreadEnglisheveryday.
[析]要注意的是everyday是“每天”,而everyday则是形容词为“日常的”。如:everydayEnglish日常英语,everydaylife日常生活。
[误]Therearetreesoneverysidesofthestreet.
[正]Therearetreesoneachsideofthestreet.
[析]every用于三者或三者以上的每一个,而each用于二者或二者以上的每一个。因为街道只有两侧,所以只能用each而不能用every.
[误]Allmyparentsareengineers.
[正]Bothmyparentsareengineers.
[析]all用于三者或三者以上的全部,而both则用于两者的全部。
[误]Allofstudentsmightmakesomemistakes.
[正]Allofthestudentsmightmakesomemistakes.
[正]Allstudentsmightmakesomemistakes.
[析]非特指的名词前可用all但不可用allof结构,也就是讲allof结构后面的名词前一定要有定冠词。其他与all有关的习惯用法还有:
alltheyearround,allweek,allday,allwinter
[误]Theallvillagewasflooded.
[正]Allthevillagewasflooded.
[析]all作修饰语时要用在所有修饰词之前。
[误]Thepostofficeisonothersideofthestreet.
[正]Thepostofficeisontheothersideofthestreet.
[析]单数可数名词如在泛指某一个时用another,而特指时则要用theother,因街道只有两边,而不在这边必定是在另一边,所以要用特指。请参考下表的用法以便于记忆。
单数复数
泛指another形容词作定语作名词
another代词otherothers
特指theother形容词
theother代词
theothertheothers
[误]TherearetenstudentshereWherearetheothersstudents?
[正]Therearetenstudentshere.Wherearetheothers?
[正]TherearetenstudentshereWherearetheotherstudents?
[析]theothers=theotherstudents.
[误]Theoldmanhastwosons.Oneisateacher,anotherisadoctor.
[正]Theoldmanhastwosons.Oneisateacher,theotherisadoctor.
[析]another用于泛指,如:Isitfarfromheretothestation?Imsorry.Ihavenoidea.Onemaysayitisquitenear;anothermaysayitisfarfromhere.但在特指时则要用theother.它可以用作定语,theotherone,也可以用作代词theother,但theother用作代词时它的含意一定是单数。如果指三者或者三者以上的情况时,则要用one…another…theother.或者one…asecond…thethird…
[误]Somepeoplelikesports.Theotherslikereading.
[正]Somepeoplelikesports.Otherslikereading.
[析]在泛指的复数名词前用some…others…others…来表示某些人……某些人……某些人……。
[误]Pleaseremembertowatertheflowerseachotherday.
[正]Pleaseremembertowatertheflowerseveryotherday.
[析]everyotherday为每隔一天。是习惯用法,不要随意改动。又如:ontheotherhand另一方面。
[误]Manyknowhim,butfewlikeshim.
[正]Manyknowhim,butfewlikehim.
[析]few用于可数名词,意为几乎没有,但few作主语时谓语动词则要用复数形式,而afew为有一些。
[误]Youhavefewfriends,haventyou?
[正]Youhavefewfriends,haveyou?
[析]little与few用于句中时,均要按否定句看待。
[误]Muchofwhatyousaidaretrue.
[正]Muchofwhatyousaidistrue.
[析]much用于不可数名词,作主语时用单数谓语动词。而many用于可数名词,它作主语时用复数形式的谓语动词。
[误]Thisroomisenoughlargeforthestudentstolivein.
[正]Thisroomislargeenoughforthestudentstolivein.
[析]enough可以用作代词,如:Thereisenoughofthefood.又如:Enoughhasbeendoneforthework,但enough还可以作形容词来修饰名词,这时enough可以放在名词之前,也可放在名词之后,如:moneyenough与enoughmoney都是对的。但当enough作副词修饰形容词时,则只能置于形容词之后了。
[误]Iwantanybookstoread.Doyouhaveany?
[正]Iwantsomebookstoread.Doyouhaveany?
[析]按照语法any用于疑问句和否定句,而some用于肯定句。
[误]Wouldyoulikeanythingtodrink?
[正]Wouldyoulikesomethingtodrink?
[析]在由wouldyoulike发出的问句中,表达了说话者真心实意要为对方提供些饮料,或在说话者想得到对方的肯定答复时,在疑问句中要用some而不用any。
[误]Someonewanttomeetyou.
[正]Someonewantstomeetyou.
[析]不定代词应被看作单数,即使用and连接两个不定代词,也要看作单数,如:?Anyoneandeveryonehastheright.任何人,每一个人都有这样的权力。
[误]NewYorkismuchcolderinwinterthanbefore.
[正]ItismuchcolderinNewYorkinwinterthanbefore.
[析]it常常用在英文的句子中来代表时间、距离、天气、自然现象,或用在句中作形式主语或宾语,如:
Itistenoclocknow.(代时间)
Itisfarfromheretotheairport.(代距离)
Itisveryhot.(代天气)
ItisverydifficulttolearnEnglishwell.(作形式主语)
Wefounditverydifficulttoanswerthequestion.(作形式宾语)
[误]Becareful.Dontdrinktoomany.
[正]Becareful.Dontdrinktoomuch.
[析]这里much所代的应是饮料或水,所以应为不可数名词。
(三)例题解析
1Theseare___books.Yoursareoverthere.
AIBmyCmeDmine?
[答案]B.
[析]这里应用形容词性物主代词。?
2—___isshe?
—Sheisateacher.
AWhatBHowCWhoDWhere?
[答案]A.
[析]这里的四个疑问词放在问句中全都成立,但其意义不同。Whatisshe?应译为“她的工作是什么?”或“她是做什么的?”而Howisshe?应译为“她身体如何?”而Whoisshe?应译为“她是谁?”其答语应为“她叫什么名字。”而Whereisshe?应为“她在什么地方?”由答语决定了这道题的选择。
3___iswrongwithmywatch.Ithasstopped___.
ASomething,workingBSomething,towork
CAnything,workingDAnything,towork?
[答案]A.
[析]因为是肯定句所以应用Something,其后由于表停止工作了,则stop后要用动名词。
4Mary,help___tothebananas,please.
AyouByourCyourselfDyourselves?
[答案]C.
[析]helponeselftosomething为“自己拿某物”。yourself为“你一个人”,而yourselves为“你们”。
5—___doyougotoschooleveryday?
—Bybus.
AHowBWhyCWhenDWhere?
[答案]A.
[析]这题的答案是由问句决定的。?
6Myskirtis___popularthan___.
Amuch,herBmuch,hersCmore,herDmore,hers?
[答案]D.
[析]因句中有than,所以应选用比较级,而than后要选用名词性物主代词。
7—CanyouspeakEnglish?
—Yes,butonly___.
AfewBafewClittleDalittle
[答案]D.
[析]因会讲某种语言的多少要用alittle,把它看作不可数名词对待,此答语为:是的,但仅仅会讲一点。
8Mr. Smithisanoldfriendof___.
AIBmeCmyDmine?
[答案]D.
[析]这里应选名词性物主代词,这也是英语的一种习惯用法,而不要选择my。
9“___doyouhearfromyourparents?”
“Aboutonceamonth.”
AHowlongBHowmany
CHowoftenDHowmuch?
[答案]C.
[析]Howoften问的是某一动作发生的频率,即在单位时间内发生多少次。
10MrGreenwouldntsay___atthemeeting.
AeverythingBnothingCanythingDsomething?
[答案]C.
[析]在否定句中应用anything
11“Mum,Annscomingtonight.Letsgiveher___toeat.”
“Goodidea!”
AanythingniceBniceanything
CsomethingniceDnicesomething?
[答案]C.
[析]肯定句中用something而不用anything,不定代词的修饰词应放其后而不要放在其前面。
12—Whenshallwemeet,thiseveningortomorrowevening?
—Idontmind.___timeisOK.
ASomeBNeitherCEitherDBoth?
[答案]C.
[析]因如选用both则名词要用复数名词,也要用复数谓语动词,由于答语前有Idontmind则决定不能选择neither.
13Thisisnotherkite, but___.
AhesBhimCheDhis?
[答案]D.
[析]要注意“他的”名词性物主代词与形容词性物主代词是同形的。?
14Dontworry,Mum!___newsisgoodnews.Imsuredaddywillcomebacksoon.
ANoBManyCThoseDTwo
?[答案]A.
[析]这是一条谚语,即没有消息就是好消息。?
15Maryhassixapples.Herbrotherhasthree.Shehas___applesthanhe.
AfewBmanyCmoreDfewer?
[答案]C.
[析]由于是比较级,根据题意应选“多于”而不是“少于”。?
16Thereisnt___intodaysnewspaper.
Aanythinginteresting
Bsomethinginteresting
Cnothinginteresting
Dinterestinganything
[答案]A.
[析]由于句子是否定句,应选择anything,而且不定代词的修饰语应放在其后面。
17September10this___Day?
ATeacherBTeachersCTeachersDTeachers
[答案]D.
[析]教师节TeachersDay,儿童节ChildrensDay,妇女节WomensDay
18—InEngland,peopleeatalotof“takeaway”food.Whataboutpeopleinyourcountry?
—___
ASowedo.BWedoso.CSodowe.DWesodo.?
[答案]C.
[析]在答语中用简略方式表达上文的一个动作同样适用于另一个主语时,则要采用倒装句,但如果仅仅是对上句的重复则不要倒装。?
19—Shallwegointothatshopandhavealook?
—Sorry.Iwont.Ihave___todothere.
AeverythingBanythingCsomethingDnothing?
[答案]D.
[析]这个答案的选择应由上下两句对话内容作出决定。?
20—Oh,dear!Whobroketheglass?
—___Sam___Bruce.Itwasthecat.
ABoth,andBNot,butCNeither,norDEither,or?
[答案]C.
[析]neither…nor意为既不……也不……
21Thestudentsarehavingagoodtimeinthepark.Somearedrawingbythelake.___areclimbingthehill.
AOthersBOtherCAnotherDTheother
?
[答案]A.
[析]这里因为是代替复数名词,所以应用名词性的复数代名词。?
22Sheisnotanurse.Imnot___.
AalsoBeitherCneitherDtoo?
[答案]B.
[析]在否定句中该用either,而不用too和also.
23Ihavetwopencils.Oneisred,___isblue.
AtheotherBanotherCothersDtheothers?
[答案]A.
[析]两者中的另一个应为特指。而且应为单数形式的代名词。而another是泛指单数代名词。others是泛指复数代名词,而theothers是特指复数代名词。
24Sorry,Icantansweryourquestion.
Iknow___aboutthesubject.
AlittleBalittleCfewDafew?
[答案]A.
[析]中文讲我对此知道的不多,而英文中要用little。其含意为否定句。
25Mysisterdoesntlikeskating___.
ASodoIBSoIdont
CNeitherIdontDNeitherdoI?
[答案]D.
[析]这是表达上面否定句中的动作,也同样不适合
于第二个人。所以要用neither,并要采用倒装句。
26Yesterdaymorningtherewereonlythreeboysinourroom,___.
Ayou,heandIBI,youandhe
Che,IandyouDyou,Iandhe?
[答案]A.
[析]这是若干人称代词并列时的顺序问题。请参看辨析中的例子。?
27Allthestudentsarebusy,so___ofthemwillgototheconcert.
AmanyBlittleCafewDfew?
[答案]D.
[析]student为可数名词。
28Theteachergave___studentanewbook.
AnobodyBbothCeachDany?
[答案]C.
[析]both其后的名词应为复数,而any用于疑问句和否定句中只有each可以修饰单数可数名词。
29Blackisneitherateacher___aworker.
AorBeitherCnorDand?
[答案]C.
[析]neither…nor为“既不……也不……”的固定搭配。
30Ourteachergaveus___onstudying.
AmanyadvicesBsomeadvices
CanadviceDsomeadvice?
[答案]D.
[析]advice为不可数名词。some可用于可数或不可数名词之前。
31Therearetwoforeignfriendsinthepark.One___isfromJapan,isfromAmerica.
AotherBothersCtheotherDtheothers?
[答案]C.
[析]因为是两者中的一个,所以另一个应用单数特指代词。?
32Arethere___onthetable?
AsomecupsBanycupCsomecupDanycups?
[答案]D.
[析]此句是疑问句,应用anycups,因提问时的be动词用的是are。
33Ivejustboughtfivestamps.OneisaGermanstamp,___areAmericanstamps.
AtheotherBtheothersCotherDothers?
[答案]B.
[析]此空应填入主语。又因其范围已定,所以应选特指的代名词。theother只能用作单数,而others是泛指复数代名词,故只能选B。
34Itwas___finedaythattheywenttothepark.
AasoBsoaCsuchaDasuch?
[答案]C.
[析]在单数可数名词前可以有两种表达法,即such+不定冠词+形容词+可数名词单数形式,如:suchagoodday,或者用so加形容词+不定冠词+可数名词单数,如:sogoodaday.
35Atthattimethetrainwasslowandnoisy.So___peoplelikedtakingtrains.
AlittleBalittleCfewDafew?
[答案]C.
[析]这是英文的表达法与中文不同之处。中文讲只有少数人喜欢坐火车,英文要选用“few”。
36Wemusthelpandunderstandeach___.
AotherBanotherCothersDtheother?
[答案]A.
[析]eachother意为“互相”,是习惯用语。
37___isdifficulttowalkonthemoon.
AManBOneCThatDIt?
[答案]D.
[析]这里的真正主语应为不定式towalkonthemoon.而形式主语只能用it.
38Janehassentseveralletters,but___ofthemhavebeenanswered.
AallBbothCeitherDnone?
[答案]D.
[析]severalletters意为“若干信件”,应看作多于两者,则在A、D中作选择,仅D符合句意。
39Idontknow___aboutthenewheadmaster.
AsomethingBeverythingCnothingDanything?
[答案]D.
[析]否定句中应用anything.
40___ofthestudentsinthewholeclasscoulddothisphysicsquestion.
ANoBNoneCNotDNeither?
[答案]B.
2010中考英语复习指导----代词的复习
代词部分需要掌握以下内容:人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、不定代词、指示代词和疑问代词用法,大部分的代词都是具有名词或形容词的作用(指代前面提到的人或事物)。指示代词有this,that,these,those,疑问代词有what,which,who,whom,whose。下面请同学们填表写出所要求的代词形式:
第I人称单数
第II人称单数
第III人称单数
第I人称复数
第II人称复数
第III人称复数
反身代词
代词
人称
人称代词
主格宾格形容词性名词性
物主代词
一、填表:
二、写出不定代词:
三、单项选择:
1.--____schoolismuchlargerthan____.
--Really?
A.Our;yourB.Our;yours
C.Ours;yoursD.We;you
2.Iamlookingforahouse.I’dlike______withagarden.
A.oneB.itC.thatD.this
3.--HowmanymoreorangescanIhave?
--Youcanhaveonemore.____areforTom.
A.TheothersB.another
C.OthersD.theother
4.--Ifeelabithungry.
--Whydon’tyouhave______bread?
A.anyB.someC.littleD.a
5.Not______inourclasslikesplayingfootball.Someofthemlikeplayingbasketball.
A.anyoneB.everyone
C.nobodyD.someone
6.______areallLeaguemembers.
A.You,IandheB.He,youandI
C.I,youandheD.You,heandI
7.Thereisalotofmoneyholdinginmyhand,but______ismine.
A.allB.someC.noneD.neither
8.--Oh,there’ssomeoneknockingatthedoor.
--______mustbeyourneighbor.
A.ThereB.SheC.HeD.It
9.Katewentonholidaywithacousinof____._____havebeentoalotofplaces.
A.her,WeB.hers,They
C.her,TheyD.hers,We
10.Forquite_____students,theirteacher’sadviceismoreimportantthan____oftheirparents’。
A.afew;thatB.few;one
C.alittle;someD.alot;many
11.______ofushasalreadyfinishedreadingit.
A.EveryoneB.EveryC.NeitherD.All
12.Wethink______importanttoprotecttheenvironment.
A.itB.thisC.thatD.what
13.Thebookontheshelfis______.Shewrotehernameon______cover______
A.her,it,herself
B.hers,it,herself
C.hers,her,herself
D.hers,its,herself
14.Shestayedatthisschoollongerthan______.
A.anyoneB.everyone
C.anybodyelseD.elseanyone
15.Ihavehadenoughfood.Wouldyoulike_______?
A.afewmoreB.onemore
C.anothermoreD.somemore
16.--Whatareyoudoinghere,MaryandKate?
--Wearelookingat_______pictures.
A.each’sotherB.eachother’s
C.eachotherD.each’sother’s
17.ThebuildingsinDalianaresimilarto______inTokyo.
A.onesB.thoseC.theseD.that
18.--_______ofthedictionarieswouldyoulike?
--I’lltake_______ofthem,soIcangiveonetomycousin.
A.Which,bothB.Which,all
C.What,eitherD.What,both
19.“Help_______tosomecakes!”UncleTomsaidtothetwins.
A.yourselfB.youself
C.yourselvesD.youselves
20.--Doyouhave______homework?
--Idon’thave______.
A.some,someB.some,any
C.much,littleD.much,any
参考答案
一、填表:
反身代词
代词
人称
人称代词
主格宾格
物主代词
第I人称复数weusouroursourselves
第II人称复数youyouyouryoursyourselves
第III人称复数theythemtheirtheirsthemselves
himself
herself
itself
第I人称单数Imemyminemyself
第II人称单数youyouyouryoursyourself
第III人称单数
he
she
it
him
her
it
his
her
its
his
hers
its
名词性
形容词性
二、写出不定代词:
someoneanyonenooneeveryone
somebodyanybodynobodyeverybody
somethinganythingnothingeverything
some,any,both,either,neither,all,none,each,many,much,few,afew,little,alittle,one,other,another
三、单项选择:
1.B。第一个空要选一个形容词性的物主代词去修饰名词school,第二个空需要的是名词性物主代词相当于yourschool,那就是yours。
2.A。B、C、D是指示代词,都是指代前面提到的已确定的某物,但是前面句子中的ahouse还没有被主语的人买到手,说明它不确定所以用不定代词。
3.A。橘子被两个人分,所以排除B(三者以上的用法);other是形容词不能做主语,谓语动词是are,特指剩下的橘子主语用theothers。
4.B。bread不可数,不用冠词a;该句是表请求的句子不用any;little是否定概念。
5.B。从第二句的主语Someofthem可知第一句的主语表一部分人,noteveryone(everything)常可以做主语表一部分,noteveryoneinourclass意为“在我们班里不是每个人”;anyone和someone没有这样的用法,not更不会和nobody连用。
6.D。三个单数人称代词一起用时的顺序是“You,he/sheandI”;但复数时为“We,youandthey”。
7.C。but表转折,说明前后两句表达的意思不一致,所以后面句子是否定;neither表示“两者中任何一个都没有”,none表示“三者或三者以上都不”,关键是none既可以指代可数也可以指代不可数名词的量。
8.D。当弄不清对方是谁时,it指代隔壁的人,打电话过来的人和敲门的人。
9.B。afriendof+名词性物主代词;第二句的主语指Kate和她的cousin两个人。
10.A。第一个空使用afew修饰可数名词,表“有几个,有些”;第二个空涉及了两个不同的advice相比较,因为advice不可数,所以用this和that指代。theirteacher’sadvice相当于thisadvice,theirparents’=theirparents’advice就被看做thatadvice。
11.C。everyone和every都没有of短语,all的谓语动词应为复数。
12.A。此题来自固定句型的用法:“主语+think/find/feel/+it+adj.+todosth.”it是形式宾语指代动词不定式,意为:“……认为/发现/感到做……怎样。”
13.D。第一个空需要可独立使用的物主代词,那就是名词性的hers;第二个空需要形容词性的物主代词修饰名词cover,这个cover是书的,所以是指物的its;四个选项都给第三个空提供了herself,这里herself是主语的同位语,当“亲自”讲。
14.C。比较的句子说明she和除了she之外的其他人在比,else必须用在不定代词后。
15.D。这是在原来有一定量的基础上又增加的用法。A、B两项都是修饰可数名词时的用法;没有anothermore的用法;food不可数,somemore=somemorefood,意为:“你还要些吗?”
16.B。eachother可以有名词所有格,为:eachother’s;另外someoneelse也有,为:someoneelse’s,这两个特殊的名词所有格要记住。名词部分的练习中也给出了几个特殊的用法,最好放在一起去记。
17.B。此题与第10题第二空的语法相同,只不过这里使用了可数名词buildings,这回是两个城市的buildings相比较,指代可数名词时用these和those。thebuildingsinDalian=thesebuildings,那么Tokyo的buildings就是those(buildings)。
18.A。第一步从对话的内容可知要买的东西是买字典,所以排除what;第二步可知是I和mycousin各一本(共两本)。
19.C。“Helponeselftosome…”随便吃些……
句子的最后一个单词twins,提示是对两个人说的,所以要选反身代词的复数形式。
20.D。一般疑问句中不用some;否定句中用any,not…any总是连用的;little相当于not,若用就双否不符合句意。
中考英语二轮复习讲练代词
有关代词的重要考点:
(一)afew,few,little,alittle
(二)both两者都,either两者之一,neither两者都不,none三者以上都不,all三者都.
用法:1.bothof+复数+复谓
2.either,neither,noneof+复数+单谓
Bothoftheboysarestudents。Either(Neither,None)ofthebooksisgood.
1.Therearemanytreesonsideofthestreet.A.eitherB.anythingC.allD.every
2.---Whichdoyouprefer,abottleoforange,abottleofmilkoraglassofwater?
---,thanks.I’dlikeacupoftea.A.EitherB.NeitherC.BothD.None
3.---CanIcomethiseveningortomorrow?
---isOK.I’mfreetodayandtomorrow.A.EitherB.NeitherC.BothD.None
4.---HaveyousentyourparentsanE-mailtellingthemyouarrivedsafely?
---No,ofthemcanuseacomputer.A.EitherB.NeitherC.BothD.None
(三)形容词修饰something,anything,nothing或由some,any,no构成的不定代词。
如:someone,anyone,noone等时,把形容词后置。
1.Thereisagoodbook.Everytimeyoureadit,youwillfind.
A.somethingnewB.newsomethingC.nothingnewD.newnothing
2.Don’tworry.There’swithyourleg.
A.somethingseriousB.anythingseriousC.nothingserious
(四)this,that,those,these近指,远指。
用法:1.打电:this我,that你.
2.that,those同类不同物(用于比较级)
1.ThepearsinmybasketaresmallerthaninJim’s.A.itB.thatC.those
2.Thecolourofherskirtisdifferentfromofmine.A.oneB.thatC.it
3.TheweatherinGuangzhouisbotterthaninHa’erbin.A.thatB.itC.this
(五)each两者以上(个体)every三者(整体)
each(every)+名单+单谓eachof+名复+单谓
1.Therearetreesandflowersonsideofthestreet.
2.Everystudenthasreadapoem.ofthestudentshasabag.
3.---HowoftenaretheOlympicGamesheld?---fouryears.
基础知识:
代词种类:人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、不定代词、疑问代词、关系代词等。
(一)人称代词:I,you,he,she,it,we,you,they------主格(作主语)
me,you,him,her,it,us,you,them------宾格(作宾语)
it的用法:
1.代替前面提到的事。例:---Whereisthebook?---It’sonmydesk.
2.作主语,表时间、距离、天气等。
3.指人:指小孩或不知道对方是谁。Thereisaknockatthedoor.Whoisit?It’sme.
4.作形式主语,形式宾语。Itis+形+forsbtodo.Find(make)it+形+todo.
例:Itisdifficultforustoanswerthequestion.Ifinditdifficulttoanswerthequestion.
(二)物主代词:“…的”my,your,his,her,its,our,your,their------形物代
mine,yours,his,hers,its,ours,yours,theirs----名物代
用法:“形物代”+名词“名物代”没有名词
1.bookishere.Isthere.(I,my,his)
2.Thisisbag.Idon’tknowwhereis.(her,his,she)
(三)反身代词:myself,yourself,himself,herself,itself,ourselves,yourselves,themselves
用法:作同位语和宾语Mariahurtherself.I’lldoitmyself.
常用词组:enjoyoneself,dressoneself,hurtoneself,teachoneself=learnsthbyoneself,
helponeselfto,byoneself等。
1.---Ourteacherwouldn’tgiveustheanswerstothequestions.
---Whynotworkthemoutallby?
A.themselvesB.himselfC.ourselvesD.myself
2.Don’tloseincomputergames,boys.A.yourselfB.yourselvesC.himself
(五)不定代词:
1.普通不定代词:some,any,no,none,some(any,no)body,some(no,any)one,
some(no,any)thing,some用于肯定句、或用于疑问句并希望得到对方肯定回答中,
any用于否定句、疑问句。
例:Thereiseggathome,willyoupleasegetforme?
A.no,someB.not,someC.notany,anyD.notan,any
例:There(be)someoneinhisoffice.
2.个体不定代词:each,other,another,either,neither,half,everyone(thing,body)
3.数量不定代词:all,both,many,much,few,afew,little,alittle,alot,lotsof,agreatdeal+不可表“很多”,agreatmany+可复表“很多”,other,another,theother.
(六)疑问代词:who,whom,whose,which,what
1.---isyourcar?---Theredoneinfrontofthetree.
A.whichB.whatC.whereD.whose
2.---doesyourfatherdo?---Heisateacher.
(七)other与another:others=other+名复theothers=therest
one…theother(两者)一个…另一个some…theothers一些,另一些(指剩余全部)
some…others一些…其他的(并非全部)another另一个,“再,又”
Telephoneiswayofsayingphone.
Leifengwasalwaysreadytohelp.Heneverthoughtof.
A.theothers,himselfB.theothers,himC.others,himselfD.her,her
练习
1.---Doyouprefermilkororangejuice?---Idon’tlike.Idrinkcoffee.
A.otherB.anotherC.neitherD.either
2.---Wouldyoupleasetellmetheresultoftheexam?
--OK,Youdidwell.You’remademistakes.A.fewB.afewC.littleD.alittle
3.Itwasalongjourney,butofthemfourfeltboring.
A.neitherB.eitherC.noneD.all
4.ThepopulationofTianjinissmallerthanofShanghai.
A.thisB.thatC.theseD.those
5.---Whatanicecomputer!---Myparentsboughtitformysisterandme.It’s.
A.oursB.hersC.mineD.theirs
6.---Thisphysicsproblemistoodifficult.Canyoushowme,WangLin?
A.whattoworkitoutB.whattoworkoutitC.howtoworkitout
7.There’ssomeoneatthedoor.Canyougoandseewhois?
A.heB.sheC.thatD.it
8.---Thesearemypencils.---Where’re?
A.theyB.theirsC.mineD.you
9.---Isityourticket?---No,isinmypocket,It’s.
A.mine,herB.my,hisC.mine,hersD.my,hers
10.Thisshirtistoolargeforme.Couldyoushowmeone?
A.otherB.anotherC.othersD.theother
11.Therearetwenty-sixdesksintheclassroom.Oneisfortheteacher,areforthestudents.A.theotherB.otherC.theothersD.others
12.TokyoislargerthaninJapan.A.anyothercityB.anycityC.anothercity
13.Ioftenstayathome,becauseIhavefriendshere.
A.fewB.afewC.littleD.alittle
14.Jim,don’tgoandgetsomewater.Thereiswaterintheglass.
A.fewB.afewC.littleD.alittle
15.Shallwegivethetwinstoeatforsuppertoday?
A.somethingChineseB.ChinesesomethingC.anythingChineseD.Chineseanything
16.Boysandgirls,helptosomefish,please.
A.yourselfB.youC.yourselvesD.themselves
17.Thereaboxofapplesonthedesk.A.areB.isC.hasD.have
18.Theyfounddifficulttodealwithsuchaproblem.
A.thisB.itC.thatD.those
19.Takeyourtime,Thereistimeleft.A.fewB.afewC.alittleD.little
20.ThestatueoflibertywasbuiltinFrancewasgiventoAmericaasagift.
A./B.whoC.whichD.whom
21.---Haveyoufinishedyourworkyet?---No,Ithinkit’lltaketenminutes.
A.anotherB.otherC.othersD.more
22.---Whatelsedoyouneed,Mum?---else,we’vegoteverythingready.
A.SomethingB.AnythingC.NothingD.Everything
23.Therewerepeopleandnoiseinthepark.
A.many,muchB.much,muchC.much,manyD.many,many
24.---WhotaughtFrench?---Nobody,shelearnedallby.
A.herself,herB.she,herselfC.her,herselfD.her,she
25.ofyouhasadictionary.A.NeitherB.EverybodyC.EveryD.Each
26.Jennydoesn’thaveaneraser,SoI’llgiveto.
A.her,mineB.hers,mineC.mine,herD.mine,hers
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