俗话说,凡事预则立,不预则废。教师要准备好教案,这是老师职责的一部分。教案可以让学生们有一个良好的课堂环境,帮助教师在教学期间更好的掌握节奏。您知道教案应该要怎么下笔吗?为满足您的需求,小编特地编辑了“短文改错专题复习”,欢迎大家与身边的朋友分享吧!
[复习讲义]
英语复习短文改错专题
NMET短文改错的解题基本思路应该是:一.以句为单位,找行中错误,每行必有一个判断(错词、多词、少词和正确),而判断的依据一定是上下文,最小单位是一个完整的句子。二.以篇为单位,找句中错误。许多时候,就某一行或某一句单独而言常常难以判断其是否正确,错误何在,而必须以全篇为一整体才可对该句,进而对该行作出判断。
具体解题过程中,应该注意把握九个一致问题:
一.时态一致短文中谓语动词的时态与上下文,特定语言环境及该句的时间状语是否保持了呼应与一致。
例1.Myfavoritesportisfootball.Iwasamemberofourfootballteam.(NMET’98)全文都是一般现在时,此句中was虽然与上下问不一致,应改为am。
例2.Irememberedherwordsandcalmdown.(NMET’2000)
此处为一描述过去事件的语境,应与前文remembered保持一致,须改为calmed。
例3.Today,itismucheasiertobehealthythanitisinthepast.(NMET’93)第一个is与时间状语today保持一致,地第二个is则应改为was,使之与其时间状语inthepast一致。
二.主谓一致谓语动词在人称和数上是否与主语保持一致。
例4.Nowmypictureandtheprizeishanginginthelibrary.
(NMET’2000)主语为AandB时,谓语动词一般为复数,应改为are。
例5.Thenewboyorgirlinschoolquicklybecomeoneoftheclassafterafewgames.(NMET’93)主语为AorB时,应由靠近谓语的主语来决定谓语的单复数,become应改为becomes.
例6.Playfootballnotonlymakesusgrowuptallandstrong…(NMET’98)此处与例4,例5不同,谓语动词makes与上下文保持一致,为正确的用法,而play须改Playing才可与此处其它部分一致。
三.平行一致
notonly…butalso…,either…or…,neither…nor…以及and,but,or等并列连词或词组连接的结构可称为平行结构。在平行结构中,词性时态等形式须保持前后一致。
例7.Playingfootballnotonlymakes…butalsogiveusasenseoffairplayandteamspirit.(NMET’98)依据平行一致原则,此处give应与前文makes保持一致,改为gives.
例8.Itwasverykindofthemtomeetmeattherailwaystationanddrovemetotheirhome.(NMET’96)此句中的drove应与前文tomeet保持平行,故改为drive。
四.数的一致名词的数须与其修饰语保持一致
例9.Westudyquiteafewsubject,suchasmaths,
Chinese…(NMET’97)quiteafew只修饰复数名词,保持一致,subject应改为subjects.
例10.They…askedmelotsofquestion.(NMET’96)与lotsof保持一致的只能是复数名词,应改为questions.
五.主饰一致句中的主要词(中心词)应与其修饰词间保持一致。
除了例9,例10外,还有
例11.…sothatI’llgetgoodmarksinallmysubject.(NMET2001)
all若修饰可数名词时,其后名词应为复数。subject该为subjects。
例12.Shesaidthatsheandmyschoolmateallwishedme
success.(NMET2000)all修饰的主语部分应是三者以上,故schoolmate应为schoolmates.
例13.Unfortunate,therearetoomanypeople…(NMET’99)
Unfortunate应作状语,修饰整个句子,此时应为副词unfortunately才可保持一致。
例14.I’msurewe’llhaveawonderfullytimetogether.(NMET’95)修饰名词,应为awonderfultime.
六.指代一致用于指代的各类代词应在数、格、性上与上下文保持一致。
例15.TheSmithsdidhisbesttomakemefeelathome.
(NEMT’96)TheSmiths为一复数概念,故指代词也应为第三人称复数their.
例16.IliveinBeijing,whereisthecapitalofChina.(NMET’97)
此处应为作主语的关系代词which.
例17.AndIcan’tforgetthefoodyoucookedforI.(NMET’95)
此处I应作介词的宾语,故改为me才可保持一致。
七.语态一致句中谓语动词或非谓语动词应与上下文语态保持一致。
例18.Booksmaybekeepforfourweeks.(NEMT’94)
与其主语Books相对应,此处应为被动语态,故keep应改为kept。
八.搭配一致句中的固定搭配应保持完整并与上下文一致。
例19.IfeltsonervousasIshooklikealeaf.(NMET’2000)后
跟从句,保持一致须用so…that结构这一固定搭配。as改为that.
例20.Ilookforwardtohearfromyousoon.(NMET’97)
lookforwardto中to是介词,其后应为动名词hearing。
例21.Butitdidn’tmatterthatIwouldwinornot.(NMET’2000)
与其后ornot保持一致时应用whether。
例22.Ihaveneitherbrothersnorsisters---inanyotherwords,Iamanonlychild.(NMET2001)
inanyotherwords意为“换言之”,应为inotherwords。
九.逻辑一致
这是一种隐蔽性较强且年年必考的错误,检查时应通篇考虑,重点在连词、代词,肯定与否定,及相对应的动词如come与go等。
例23.Shewassmilingbutnoddingatme.(NMET’2000)
上下文看,应为She---myEnglishteacher微笑且点头鼓励我,but应为and。
例24.Nowsomeoneathomereadsinstead.(NMET’99)
从上文可知,因为无电视可看,人人都只好读书,someone改为everyone或everybody.
例25.Andtheymustnotbreaktherulestoooftenifwewanttowinthegame.(NMET’98)通读全文,都是用第一人称,这时突然用到they,显然不一致,应改为we.
[实战演练一]
⑴MostfamiliesinChinahopedtheirsinglechildrenwill76._______
haveahappyfuture,sotheyareverystrictintheirchildren.77._______
Sodoteachersinschools!Manychildrenaregivensomuch78._______
homeworkthattheyhavehardlyanysparetimehavesports.79._______
Thechildrenareforbiddentodoanythingbuttostudy.No80._______
wondersomanychildrenaretiredoflessons.Someeven81._______
attackorkillhisparentsandteachers!Ibelievemanypeople82._______
alreadyreadthiskindofnewsinnewspapersormagazines.83._______
Shouldn’twedrawlessonfromtheaccidents?Nowour84._______
governmentismakingoutaplantosolvetheeducationproblems.85._______
⑵Nowadays,almosteveryfamilyhasTVset,andalmost76._______
everyonelikeswatchingTV.TVhasbecomepartofourlives.77._______
TVhasmanyadvantages,forexample,itinformsusthe78._______
latestnewswhichishappeningintheworld;itcanopenour79._______
eyes,enlargeourknowledgeandalsohelpustoseemore80._______
abouttheworlD.But,italsohassomedisadvantages.People81.______
wastetoomuchtimeinwatchingTVandhisnormallife82._______
andworkareaffecteD.Tothechildrenwhotheyspendtoo83._______
muchtimeinwatchingTV,itcandoharmfultotheirsight84._______
andhealthy.SoweshouldcontrolthetimeofwatchingTV.85._______
⑶AfewmonthsafterreturningtheUSfromGermany,Itook76._______
partinacollegecourseinFrench.SinceIhavelearned77._______
tosayGermanwellinGermany,Ithoughtitmightbe78.______
interestedtobeginstudyinganotherlanguage.Atthe79._______
firstclass,theteacheraskedustodoapronunciation80._______
exerciseinithewouldsayawordortwoinFrench,and81._______
eachstudentwoulddotheirbesttocopy.Whenhegotto82._______
me,hekepthavingmetosaymorewords,andI83.______
finallyaskedhimwhy.“Ifinditgreatfun,”sheexplained84._______
it.“In25yearsofteachingatschool,it’sthefirsttime85._______
I’veheardanAmericanspeakFrenchwithaGermanaccent.”
⑷TheHuaiheRiverhasbeenseriouspolluted.Dayandnigh76._______millionsoftonsofwastewaterisbeingpoureddowntofrom77._______?hundredsoffactories.Thewastewaterisharmful.Atpresent 78._______?thereisnofishinit.Theriverwatercannotbedrunk.Peoplein79._______
eitherbankhavetodigwellstotakedrinkingwater.TheHuaihe80._______
Riverissuchdirtyandpoisonousthatpeopledon’tdareswim81._______?init.Somethingmustbedonetostoppingthepollution.The 82._______?governmentandthepeopleneartherivermusttrytoclearwater83._______
assoonaspossible.Nowspecialattentionhaspaidtothe84._______
pollutionbythegovernmentandmorescientists.Thepollution85._______
willbepreventedinthenearfuture.?
⑸DearAbby,
Howareyou?TodayI’vegotawonderfulnewstotellyou.76._______
IhaveofferedascholarshipatauniversityinAustraliaformy77._______
furthereducation.Onehundredandtwentystudentstookexam78._______
forit,butonlyafewwaschosenandIwasoneofthem.However,79._______
myparentsarenothappyaboutit.Theyarestrongagainstme80._______
goingthere.Theysayitistoofarawaythattheywillnotseeme81._______
forawholeyearandtheyareafraidofIwillfeellonely.They82._______
can’timagineagirlsoyounglivealone.Theyadvisemetostudy83._______
inthecapitalinstead.ThenI’llbeabletocontinuelivingwith84._______
them.HowcanIpersuadethemtoacceptthefactIhavegrownup?85._______Bestwishes,
Jane
⑹Aperson’sagenolongertellsyousomethingabout76.________hissocialposition,marriageorhealthy.There’snolonger,77.________
aparticularyearwhichonegoestoschoolorgoesto78.________
workorgetsmarriedorstartafamily.Thesocialclock79.________
thatkeptusontimeandtolduswhengotoschool,get80.________
ajob,orstopworkingisn’tasstrongasitwasusedtobe.81.________
Itdoesn’tsurpriseustoheara28-year-olduniversity82.________
presidentora35-year-oldgrandmother,or70-year-old83.________
manwhohasbecomeafatherforthefirsttime.Whatwe84.________
allknow,public’sideasarechangingnowadays.85.________
⑺Itisdifficultforparentstoteachyourchildrentoberesponsible76.________
(有责任的)forhousework,butwithoneofthefollowedsuggestions,77.________
youreallycangetyourchildrenhelpyouathome.Ifyougiveyour78.________
childrentheimpressionwhichtheycanneverdoanythingquiteright,79.________
thentheywillregardthemselvesunfitorunablepersons.Unlessthey80.________
believetheycansucceed,theywillneverbecometotallyindependence.81.________
Don’talwaysscoldandgivelotsofpraiseinstead.Talkabout82.________
whatthey’vedoneright,butaboutwhattheyhaven’tdone.Ifyour83.________
childrencompleteadifficulttask,reward(酬劳)himwithaSunday84.________
triporaballgameofDad.85.________
⑻BeforeIwenttoseniormiddleschool,somepeoplestold76._______
me.“Alifeofseniormiddleschoolisunforgettable.”77._______
WhileIfirstenteredmyseniormiddleschool,everything78._______
seemedunpleasant.Faceallthestrangethingsaroundme,79._______
Ioftenmissmyoldfriendsandclassmates.Ididn’twant80._______
totalkothersormakefriendswithothers.Littlebylittle,my81._______
schoolrecordwentfrombadtoworse,especiallymy82._______
maths.Icouldn’tevenpasstheexam.Ilosttheheartand83._______
missedthehappytimesalldaylong.Itoldme,“Idon’t84._______
belongtoit.Idon’tlikethelifehere.”85._______
⑼TomandDickarenextdoorneighbourwhowork76.________
inthesameofficesotheywalkedtogethertoandfrom77.________
office.Somedayastheywerewalkinghometogetherit78.________
suddenstartedtorain.Tomquicklyopenedhisumbrella79.________
andsaid,“Mywifesurelyhasforesight(预见).Shesaid80.________
onthismorningitwouldrainandtoldmetocarrymy81.________
umbrellawithme.”Dicksmiledandwalkedtohim,said,82.________
“Mywifehasevengreatforesight.Shetoldmenotto83.________
carryanumbrellaandassheknewyouwouldcertainly84.________
havewithyou.”85.________
⑽DearSirorMadam,
Iseeyouradvertisementinastudentmagazineand76.______
I’minterestingtoknowmoreaboutyourdivingcourses.77.______
Firstofall,IshouldexplainthatalthoughIcanswimI’m78.______
notveryconfidentinthewater.Butyoumentionedyour79.______
advertisementthatyourinstructorsarefullqualified(称职),80.______
soIbelievethey’llabletoteachsomeonelikemetodive.81.______
Ihaveoneweek’sholidayinthethreeweekofJune82.______
andwouldliketoknowthatifthere’sacourserunningat83.______
thattime.Howmuchdoesaweek’scourseworth?Finally,84.______
ifIdecidetogoahead,arethereanyspecialequipmentI85.______
needtobuyoriseverythingprovidedbyyourcompany?
Ilookforwardtohearingfromyou.
Sincerelyyours,
Tom
⑾DearXiaohua,
ItisfourdayssinceMotheracceptedtheoperation.76._______
Sheisfeelingmuchmorebetter.Thedoctorstoldme77._______
theoperationwassuccessful,butbecauseheroldage78._______
shehadtostayinhospitalforothertwoweeks.The79._______
doctorsalsosayitwasquitenecessaryforherto80._______
doso.Weexpecttogetafullreportintwoandthree81._______
days.Pleasetellthegoodnewstotherestoffamily82._______
assoonaspossible.Youneedn’ttocomehere.I’m83._______
abletolookafterMotherbymyself.You’dbetter84._______
sendflowerstoMother.Shewillfeelhappily.85._______
Yours,
Xiaohui
⑿FootballismostpopulargameinEngland:onehasonly76._______
togotooneoftheimportantmatchtoseethis.Richand77._______
poor,youngandold,onecanseethemallthere,shoutand78._______
cheeringforonesideortheother.Oneofthesurprised79._______
thingsaboutfootballinEnglandtoastrangeristhegreat80._______
knowledgeofthegamewhichstillthesmallestboyseems81._______
tohaveit.Hecantellyouthenamesoftheplayersinmost82._______
oftheimportantteam,hehasphotographsofthemand83._______
knowtheresultsoflargenumbersofmatches.Hewilltell84._______
youhisopinionwhichisusualasvaluableasthatoftheadults.85._______
⒀Climbingismyfavouritesport.Iamveryfoodit,76._______
especiallyinlaterautumn.Onedayearlyinthemorning,77._______
myfriendsandIputonoursportsshoesandstartoff.78._______
Afterclimbingforhalfanhour,wegotatthetopof79._______
themountain.Therewehadagoodviewmilesaround.In80._______
thenorth,abigrivercrossedthecity.Thereweremany81._______
shipssailbusily.Alotofbeautifultreeswerethere,too.82._______
Thesunstartedtogodown,foritwastimeforus83._______
togoback.Ontheroadback,wewerelaughingand84._______
talkingallthetime.Wehadagoodtimeonthatday.85._______
⒁BeforelunchAllenhappenedtoseeamanfishedin76.______
aditchaboutfivemetreoutsideabar.Allenstopped77.______
regardedhimlikeafoolishman.Allen’sheartwentout79.______
ofhim.Hesaidkindlytofish-catcher,“Hello,will80.______
youpleasedomeafavorandhaveadrinkwithme81.______
inthebar?”Themangladlyreceivedhisinvitation.82.______
Afterbuyingthemanseveralcupssoft-drinks,83.______
Allenasked,“Youarefishingthere,right?MayI84.______
knowhowmuchfishyouhavecaughtthismorning?”85.______
“Youarethenumber8,”saidthemanhumorously.?
⒂Whatshouldyoudowhenyourparentsbecomeangry?If76.________
yourparentsgotmad,trytohaveaconversationwiththem77.________
aboutit.Rememberingnottoshoutatthem.Theyusually78.________
willtrytochange,buttheywilltakesometimebecause79._________
theygetangryalltheirlife,andthatisalltheyknow.You80._________
mighthavetochangeforyourmethodacoupleoftimes.81._________
Doanynicethingsforyourparentsthattheydon’texpect82._________
—`likecooking,doingthedishes,washingclothes,orclean83._________
thefloors.Ifthisdoesn’twork,bringinfriendthatyou84._________
feelcomfortable,andhavehimorherhelpyou.85._________
⒃InFeb.2nd1979,China’sVice-premier76._______
DengXiaopingwasatavisittotheU.S.77._______
HewasinthespaceflightcenterneartoHouston78._______
Texas.Satinthepilot’sseatofamodelof79._______
aspaceshuttle(航天飞机),hewas
askedtotouchabutton80._______
tomakeitlandingontheearthfrom81._______
aheightof95,000feet,thathedid.From82._______
windowsofthecraft,hecouldseetheearth83._______
cominguptomeethimasareturnedspacepilot84._______
wouldseeit.MillionsofpeopleinbothChinaand
theUSwatchthisonTVwithdelight.85._______
[实战演练二]
A
We’llneverforgetadaywhenmyclassmatesand1.____
Ipaidavisitachemistryfactory.It2.____
wasalargeonewithnearly20,000workers.Itlooks3.____
likeagardenandwesawcolorfulflowers,grassandtrees4.____
there.Wealsovisitedsomeworkshopandfoundworkers5.____
workinghard.Wetalkedtothemandlearnedalotof.We6.____
understoodthemfurther.Onthewayhomewefeltverytiring,7.____
butweboththoughtwehadaverygoodday.8.____
Wereallyhopedwhatwecouldgetmorechances9.____
ofleavingtheschoolandlearnaboutsociety.10.____
B
Thechildrennextdooroftenplaythefootballin1.____
thegardenaftermyhouseandsometimesbreakmy2.____
windows.LastSaturdayafternoonIstayathomeand3.____
readabook.Afterawhile,Iclosedmyeyesandwent4.____
tosleep.Aloudknockonthedoormademetowake5.____
upsuddenly.Soonalittleboyturnedout.“Youhaven’t6.____
brokenoneofmywindowagain?”Iasked.“Oh,no!”7.____
answeredtheboy.“Yourwindowswereallopenedthis8.____
timeandourfootballisinyourbedroom.Couldyou9.____
mindgettingintogetourball?”Iwasatalossatthe10.____
moment.
C
Ieverworkedasatourguide.OnedayIsawadvertisement1.____
onthenewspaper.Irangupthecompany,and2.____
Iwasgiventhejobimmediate.Theyaskedmetotake3.____
atouraroundthecitythenextmorning.Themanager4.____
justtoldmetosayanythingthatIcouldthinkaboutthe5.____
city.Myfirsttouristerrible.Theoldbuswasnot6.____
air-conditioned,becauseitwasthemiddleofsummer.It7.____
wasuncomfortableinsidethebus.Thetouristsoonbecame8.____
veryhotandangry.Iownedaveryhardtime.Istayedthere9.____
forafewweeks,andthenleftandjoinedinabetter10.____
company.
D
SueandAnnoftenmeetatacheaperrestauranttoeat1.____
andtalkingaboutlifeandschoolaftertheirmorning2.____
class.Sometimes,insteadoftalking,theyplaya3.____
gamethattheycallit“peoplewatching”.Theystartthe4.____
gameinobservingandlisteningtopeoplearound5.____
themcarefullyandmakeguessesabouttheirlivesas6.____
ages,jobs,likes,dislikesandsoon.Ofcourse,7.____
theyneverreallyknewwhethertheyarerightorwrong.8.____
Thereforetheyusuallyhavegoodreasonsforthinking9.____
thatwhattheyare.“Thegameisfun,”theyoftensay.10.____
E
Ataparty,itisquitenormalofsomeonetohave1.____
ashortconversationwithyouandthengoontotalking2.____
tootherpeople!Don’tthinktheydislikeyouorthey3.____
areimpolite.Ithasthecustomatmanyparties4.____
inBritain,particularlytherepeoplearestandinguprather5.____
thansittingdown.Herearetwowaysoffinishingconversation6.____
ataparty.“Excuseme.IthinkI’llgoandgetanotherdrinking.7.____
Seeyoulater,perhaps?”“Oh.Excuseme.I’vejustseen8.____
MaryJenningsoverhere.I’vegottodiscussameetingwe9.____
arebeenhavingonThursday.Wouldyouexcusemeforamoment?””10.____
F
Ifeltsadlyyesterdaywhenourteachertoldussomething1.____
aboutProjectHopeinclass.Ithassetuptohelpthe2.____
childreninthecountrysidewhocan’tpaytogoto3.____
school.AfterschoolIcamehome.IwaswonderingifI4.____
coulddosomethingfortheProjectthenIcaughtsight5.____
ofmoney-collectingboxonthetable.ThenImade6.____
upmymindstosendmypocketmoneywhichI7.____
hadsavedfornearlyoneyearforthechildrenwho8.____
wantedtogotoschool.Iwrotealettertothemand9.____
hurriedtothepostoffice.TogetherwiththeletterI
postedthemoneyandsentwithmybestwishestothem.10.____
G
LastnightwhenStevenandIwashavingawalkinthe1.____
Street,wesuddenlyheardapainfulcryforhelpunder2.____
atreenearby.Wequicklyrantothetreeandfoundaboylaying3.____
onthegroundwithastickinhisleg.Hehadfallenofthetree.4.____
Stevensuggestedwepulledthestickoutatonce,butIdisagreed,5.____
BecauseIhadlearnedlittleaboutfirstaidatschool.Thestick6.____
inthelegwouldhelpcontrollingthebleeding.Astherewas7.____
notelephone,wemanagedtofindataxi.Wetooktheboytothe8.____
hospital.Thedoctorsexaminedtheboyfastandwegotto9.____
knowwheretheboylived.Sowetelephonedhisparents
andleftafterhecametothehospital.Wedidagooddeed.10.____
H
LastsummerIlearnttorideabicycle.Atfirst?,Iwas1.____
unabletocontrolitsdirection.SometimesIfallto2.____
therightortotheleft.ButIworriedmyfathertotellme3.____
howIcouldridestraightly.Hedidn’tanswerme4.____
directly.Instead,hetookmetosideofthestreet.5.____
“Canyoufindsomebiketrackthatisreallystraight?”6.____
askedmyfather.Iwatchedmorecarefullyandshookmy7.____
head.“No?”hesaid,“infactneitherofthetracksis8.____
alwaysstraight.Butjustbycorrectthedirection9.____
everynowandthen,youhadalreadygoneforward.”10.____
I
Boysandgirls,
Attention,please.I’vegotagoodnewsforyou.Anewbook1.____
HowtoImproveYourEnglishisnowonsellinthe 2.____
nearbybookstore.XinhuaBookstore.Ithinkthebook3.____
isagreathelponourEnglishstudyandsuitablefor4.____
usmiddleschoolstudents.HereI’vegotit.Youmay5.____
gotohavealooktoseewhetheryoulikeitornot.Theprice6.____
isfiveyuanevery.Thosewhowanttobuythe7.____
bookshouldgetyourmoneyreadyfor.Byeleveno’clock8.____
tomorrowmorningthemoneyshouldbegiveeither9.____
tomenortoourLeagueSecretary.We’llgotobuythe10.____
bookstomorrowafternoon.
短文改错专题之答案
1.76.hoped→hope77.in→with78.do→are79.have前加to80.
去掉第二个to81.√82.his→their83.already前加have84.lesson前加a
85.making→carrying
2.76.has后加a77.lives→life78.us后加of79.which→that
80.√81.But→However82.his→their83.去掉they
84.harmful→harm85.healthy→health
3.76.returning后加to77.have→had78.say→speak79.interested→interesting
80.√81.it→which82.their→his83.去掉to
84.she→he85.去掉it
4.76.serious→seriously77.to→into78.√79.in→on
80.take→get81.such→so82.stopping→stop83.water前加the
84.paid前加been85.去掉more
5.76.去掉a77.have后加been78.exam→exams79.was→were
80.strong→strongly81.too→so82.去掉of83.live→living
84.√85.fact后加that
6.76.something→anything77.healthy→health78.which→when或which前加in
79.start→starts80.when后加to81.去掉was82.√
83.70-year-old前加a84.What→As85.public’s→public
7.76.your→their 77.followed→following
78.children后加to 79.which→that
80.themselves后加as 81.independence→independent 82.√
83.but后加not 84.him→them 85.of→with
8.76.peoples→people77.A→The78.While→When79.Face→Facing
80.miss→missed81.talk后加to或with82.record→records83.
去掉第二个the84.me→myself85.√
9.76.neighbour→neighbours77.walked→walk78.Some→One79.
sudden→suddenly80.√81.去掉on82.said→saying83.great→greater
84.去掉and85.have后加one
10.76.see→saw77.interesting→interested78.√79.your前加in
80.full→fully81.able前加be82.three→third83.去掉that
84.worth→cost85.are→is
11.76.accepted→received77.去掉more78.because后加of79.other→another
80.say→said81.and→or82.family前加the83.去掉to
84.√85.happily→happy
12.76.is后加the77.match→matches78.shout→shouting
79.surprised→surprising80.√81.still→even82.去掉it83.team→teams
84.know→knows85.usual→usually
13.76.fond后加of77.later→late78.start→started79.at→to
80.In→To81.√82.sail→sailing83.for→so/and84.road→way85.去掉on
14.76.fished→fishing77.metre→metres78.去掉over.79.like→as80.to后加the81.√82.received→accepted83.cups后加of84.are→were85.much→many
15.76.√77.got→get78.Remembering→Remember79.they→it80.life→lives
8l.去掉for82.any→some83.clean→cleaning84.friend前加a85.comfortable后加with
16.76.On77.on78.去掉to79。Sitting/Seated80.∨81.land
82.which83.the84.returning85.watched
A1.a→the2.visit后加to3.was→is4.√5.workshop→workshops6.去掉of
7.tiring→tired8.both→all9.去掉what或what→that10.learn→learning
B1.去掉the2.after→behind3.stay→stayed4.√5.去掉第二个to6.out→up
7.window→windows8.opened→open9.Could→Would10.getting前加me或my
C1.saw后加an2.on→in3.immediate→immediately4.√5.think后加of
6.is→was7.because→and8.tourist→tourists9.owned→had10.去掉in
D1.cheaper→cheap2.talking→talk3.class→classes4.去掉it5.in→by
6.as前加such7.√8.knew→know9.Therefore→But10.去掉that
E1.of→for2.talking→talk3.or后加that4.has→is5.there→where6.finishing后加a7.drinking→drink8.√9.here→there10.去掉been
F1.sadly→sad2.has后加been3.pay→afford4.√5.then→when6.of后加my或the7.minds→mind8.第二个for→to9.wanted→want10.去掉with
G1.was→were2.help后加from3.laying→lying4.of→off5.pulled→pull6.little前加a7.controlling→control8.√9.fast→quickly10.he→they
H1.√2.fall→fell3.But→So4.straightly→straight5.side前加the6.some→any7.去掉more8.neither→none9.correct→correcting10.had→have
I1.去掉第一个a2.sell→sale3.√4.on→for5.it→one6.go→come7.every→each8.去掉for9.give→given10.nor→or
[复习讲义]短文改错专题
NMET短文改错的解题基本思路应该是:一.以句为单位,找行中错误,每行必有一个判断(错词、多词、少词和正确),而判断的依据一定是上下文,最小单位是一个完整的句子。二.以篇为单位,找句中错误。许多时候,就某一行或某一句单独而言常常难以判断其是否正确,错误何在,而必须以全篇为一整体才可对该句,进而对该行作出判断。
具体解题过程中,应该注意把握九个一致问题:
一.时态一致短文中谓语动词的时态与上下文,特定语言环境及该句的时间状语是否保持了呼应与一致。
例1.Myfavoritesportisfootball.Iwasamemberofourfootballteam.(NMET’98)全文都是一般现在时,此句中was虽然与上下问不一致,应改为am。
例2.Irememberedherwordsandcalmdown.(NMET’2000)
此处为一描述过去事件的语境,应与前文remembered保持一致,须改为calmed。
例3.Today,itismucheasiertobehealthythanitisinthepast.(NMET’93)第一个is与时间状语today保持一致,地第二个is则应改为was,使之与其时间状语inthepast一致。
二.主谓一致谓语动词在人称和数上是否与主语保持一致。
例4.Nowmypictureandtheprizeishanginginthelibrary.
(NMET’2000)主语为AandB时,谓语动词一般为复数,应改为are。
例5.Thenewboyorgirlinschoolquicklybecomeoneoftheclassafterafewgames.(NMET’93)主语为AorB时,应由靠近谓语的主语来决定谓语的单复数,become应改为becomes.
例6.Playfootballnotonlymakesusgrowuptallandstrong…(NMET’98)此处与例4,例5不同,谓语动词makes与上下文保持一致,为正确的用法,而play须改Playing才可与此处其它部分一致。
三.平行一致
notonly…butalso…,either…or…,neither…nor…以及and,but,or等并列连词或词组连接的结构可称为平行结构。在平行结构中,词性时态等形式须保持前后一致。
例7.Playingfootballnotonlymakes…butalsogiveusasenseoffairplayandteamspirit.(NMET’98)依据平行一致原则,此处give应与前文makes保持一致,改为gives.
例8.Itwasverykindofthemtomeetmeattherailwaystationanddrovemetotheirhome.(NMET’96)此句中的drove应与前文tomeet保持平行,故改为drive。
四.数的一致名词的数须与其修饰语保持一致
例9.Westudyquiteafewsubject,suchasmaths,
Chinese…(NMET’97)quiteafew只修饰复数名词,保持一致,subject应改为subjects.
例10.They…askedmelotsofquestion.(NMET’96)与lotsof保持一致的只能是复数名词,应改为questions.
五.主饰一致句中的主要词(中心词)应与其修饰词间保持一致。
除了例9,例10外,还有
例11.…sothatI’llgetgoodmarksinallmysubject.(NMET2001)
all若修饰可数名词时,其后名词应为复数。subject该为subjects。
例12.Shesaidthatsheandmyschoolmateallwishedme
success.(NMET2000)all修饰的主语部分应是三者以上,故schoolmate应为schoolmates.
例13.Unfortunate,therearetoomanypeople…(NMET’99)
Unfortunate应作状语,修饰整个句子,此时应为副词unfortunately才可保持一致。
例14.I’msurewe’llhaveawonderfullytimetogether.(NMET’95)修饰名词,应为awonderfultime.
六.指代一致用于指代的各类代词应在数、格、性上与上下文保持一致。
例15.TheSmithsdidhisbesttomakemefeelathome.
(NEMT’96)TheSmiths为一复数概念,故指代词也应为第三人称复数their.
例16.IliveinBeijing,whereisthecapitalofChina.(NMET’97)
此处应为作主语的关系代词which.
例17.AndIcan’tforgetthefoodyoucookedforI.(NMET’95)
此处I应作介词的宾语,故改为me才可保持一致。
七.语态一致句中谓语动词或非谓语动词应与上下文语态保持一致。
例18.Booksmaybekeepforfourweeks.(NEMT’94)
与其主语Books相对应,此处应为被动语态,故keep应改为kept。
八.搭配一致句中的固定搭配应保持完整并与上下文一致。
例19.IfeltsonervousasIshooklikealeaf.(NMET’2000)后
跟从句,保持一致须用so…that结构这一固定搭配。as改为that.
例20.Ilookforwardtohearfromyousoon.(NMET’97)
lookforwardto中to是介词,其后应为动名词hearing。
例21.Butitdidn’tmatterthatIwouldwinornot.(NMET’2000)
与其后ornot保持一致时应用whether。
例22.Ihaveneitherbrothersnorsisters---inanyotherwords,Iamanonlychild.(NMET2001)
inanyotherwords意为“换言之”,应为inotherwords。
九.逻辑一致
这是一种隐蔽性较强且年年必考的错误,检查时应通篇考虑,重点在连词、代词,肯定与否定,及相对应的动词如come与go等。
例23.Shewassmilingbutnoddingatme.(NMET’2000)
上下文看,应为She---myEnglishteacher微笑且点头鼓励我,but应为and。
例24.Nowsomeoneathomereadsinstead.(NMET’99)
从上文可知,因为无电视可看,人人都只好读书,someone改为everyone或everybody.
例25.Andtheymustnotbreaktherulestoooftenifwewanttowinthegame.(NMET’98)通读全文,都是用第一人称,这时突然用到they,显然不一致,应改为we.
[实战演练一]
⑴MostfamiliesinChinahopedtheirsinglechildrenwill76._______
haveahappyfuture,sotheyareverystrictintheirchildren.77._______
Sodoteachersinschools!Manychildrenaregivensomuch78._______
homeworkthattheyhavehardlyanysparetimehavesports.79._______
Thechildrenareforbiddentodoanythingbuttostudy.No80._______
wondersomanychildrenaretiredoflessons.Someeven81._______
attackorkillhisparentsandteachers!Ibelievemanypeople82._______
alreadyreadthiskindofnewsinnewspapersormagazines.83._______
Shouldn’twedrawlessonfromtheaccidents?Nowour84._______
governmentismakingoutaplantosolvetheeducationproblems.85._______
⑵Nowadays,almosteveryfamilyhasTVset,andalmost76._______
everyonelikeswatchingTV.TVhasbecomepartofourlives.77._______
TVhasmanyadvantages,forexample,itinformsusthe78._______
latestnewswhichishappeningintheworld;itcanopenour79._______
eyes,enlargeourknowledgeandalsohelpustoseemore80._______
abouttheworlD.But,italsohassomedisadvantages.People81.______
wastetoomuchtimeinwatchingTVandhisnormallife82._______
andworkareaffecteD.Tothechildrenwhotheyspendtoo83._______
muchtimeinwatchingTV,itcandoharmfultotheirsight84._______
andhealthy.SoweshouldcontrolthetimeofwatchingTV.85._______
⑶AfewmonthsafterreturningtheUSfromGermany,Itook76._______
partinacollegecourseinFrench.SinceIhavelearned77._______
tosayGermanwellinGermany,Ithoughtitmightbe78.______
interestedtobeginstudyinganotherlanguage.Atthe79._______
firstclass,theteacheraskedustodoapronunciation80._______
exerciseinithewouldsayawordortwoinFrench,and81._______
eachstudentwoulddotheirbesttocopy.Whenhegotto82._______
me,hekepthavingmetosaymorewords,andI83.______
finallyaskedhimwhy.“Ifinditgreatfun,”sheexplained84._______
it.“In25yearsofteachingatschool,it’sthefirsttime85._______
I’veheardanAmericanspeakFrenchwithaGermanaccent.”
⑷TheHuaiheRiverhasbeenseriouspolluted.Dayandnigh76._______millionsoftonsofwastewaterisbeingpoureddowntofrom77._______?hundredsoffactories.Thewastewaterisharmful.Atpresent 78._______?thereisnofishinit.Theriverwatercannotbedrunk.Peoplein79._______
eitherbankhavetodigwellstotakedrinkingwater.TheHuaihe80._______
Riverissuchdirtyandpoisonousthatpeopledon’tdareswim81._______?init.Somethingmustbedonetostoppingthepollution.The 82._______?governmentandthepeopleneartherivermusttrytoclearwater83._______
assoonaspossible.Nowspecialattentionhaspaidtothe84._______
pollutionbythegovernmentandmorescientists.Thepollution85._______
willbepreventedinthenearfuture.?
⑸DearAbby,
Howareyou?TodayI’vegotawonderfulnewstotellyou.76._______
IhaveofferedascholarshipatauniversityinAustraliaformy77._______
furthereducation.Onehundredandtwentystudentstookexam78._______
forit,butonlyafewwaschosenandIwasoneofthem.However,79._______
myparentsarenothappyaboutit.Theyarestrongagainstme80._______
goingthere.Theysayitistoofarawaythattheywillnotseeme81._______
forawholeyearandtheyareafraidofIwillfeellonely.They82._______
can’timagineagirlsoyounglivealone.Theyadvisemetostudy83._______
inthecapitalinstead.ThenI’llbeabletocontinuelivingwith84._______
them.HowcanIpersuadethemtoacceptthefactIhavegrownup?85._______Bestwishes,
Jane
⑹Aperson’sagenolongertellsyousomethingabout76.________hissocialposition,marriageorhealthy.There’snolonger,77.________
aparticularyearwhichonegoestoschoolorgoesto78.________
workorgetsmarriedorstartafamily.Thesocialclock79.________
thatkeptusontimeandtolduswhengotoschool,get80.________
ajob,orstopworkingisn’tasstrongasitwasusedtobe.81.________
Itdoesn’tsurpriseustoheara28-year-olduniversity82.________
presidentora35-year-oldgrandmother,or70-year-old83.________
manwhohasbecomeafatherforthefirsttime.Whatwe84.________
allknow,public’sideasarechangingnowadays.85.________
⑺Itisdifficultforparentstoteachyourchildrentoberesponsible76.________
(有责任的)forhousework,butwithoneofthefollowedsuggestions,77.________
youreallycangetyourchildrenhelpyouathome.Ifyougiveyour78.________
childrentheimpressionwhichtheycanneverdoanythingquiteright,79.________
thentheywillregardthemselvesunfitorunablepersons.Unlessthey80.________
believetheycansucceed,theywillneverbecometotallyindependence.81.________
Don’talwaysscoldandgivelotsofpraiseinstead.Talkabout82.________
whatthey’vedoneright,butaboutwhattheyhaven’tdone.Ifyour83.________
childrencompleteadifficulttask,reward(酬劳)himwithaSunday84.________
triporaballgameofDad.85.________
⑻BeforeIwenttoseniormiddleschool,somepeoplestold76._______
me.“Alifeofseniormiddleschoolisunforgettable.”77._______
WhileIfirstenteredmyseniormiddleschool,everything78._______
seemedunpleasant.Faceallthestrangethingsaroundme,79._______
Ioftenmissmyoldfriendsandclassmates.Ididn’twant80._______
totalkothersormakefriendswithothers.Littlebylittle,my81._______
schoolrecordwentfrombadtoworse,especiallymy82._______
maths.Icouldn’tevenpasstheexam.Ilosttheheartand83._______
missedthehappytimesalldaylong.Itoldme,“Idon’t84._______
belongtoit.Idon’tlikethelifehere.”85._______
⑼TomandDickarenextdoorneighbourwhowork76.________
inthesameofficesotheywalkedtogethertoandfrom77.________
office.Somedayastheywerewalkinghometogetherit78.________
suddenstartedtorain.Tomquicklyopenedhisumbrella79.________
andsaid,“Mywifesurelyhasforesight(预见).Shesaid80.________
onthismorningitwouldrainandtoldmetocarrymy81.________
umbrellawithme.”Dicksmiledandwalkedtohim,said,82.________
“Mywifehasevengreatforesight.Shetoldmenotto83.________
carryanumbrellaandassheknewyouwouldcertainly84.________
havewithyou.”85.________
⑽DearSirorMadam,
Iseeyouradvertisementinastudentmagazineand76.______
I’minterestingtoknowmoreaboutyourdivingcourses.77.______
Firstofall,IshouldexplainthatalthoughIcanswimI’m78.______
notveryconfidentinthewater.Butyoumentionedyour79.______
advertisementthatyourinstructorsarefullqualified(称职),80.______
soIbelievethey’llabletoteachsomeonelikemetodive.81.______
Ihaveoneweek’sholidayinthethreeweekofJune82.______
andwouldliketoknowthatifthere’sacourserunningat83.______
thattime.Howmuchdoesaweek’scourseworth?Finally,84.______
ifIdecidetogoahead,arethereanyspecialequipmentI85.______
needtobuyoriseverythingprovidedbyyourcompany?
Ilookforwardtohearingfromyou.
Sincerelyyours,
Tom
⑾DearXiaohua,
ItisfourdayssinceMotheracceptedtheoperation.76._______
Sheisfeelingmuchmorebetter.Thedoctorstoldme77._______
theoperationwassuccessful,butbecauseheroldage78._______
shehadtostayinhospitalforothertwoweeks.The79._______
doctorsalsosayitwasquitenecessaryforherto80._______
doso.Weexpecttogetafullreportintwoandthree81._______
days.Pleasetellthegoodnewstotherestoffamily82._______
assoonaspossible.Youneedn’ttocomehere.I’m83._______
abletolookafterMotherbymyself.You’dbetter84._______
sendflowerstoMother.Shewillfeelhappily.85._______
Yours,
Xiaohui
⑿FootballismostpopulargameinEngland:onehasonly76._______
togotooneoftheimportantmatchtoseethis.Richand77._______
poor,youngandold,onecanseethemallthere,shoutand78._______
cheeringforonesideortheother.Oneofthesurprised79._______
thingsaboutfootballinEnglandtoastrangeristhegreat80._______
knowledgeofthegamewhichstillthesmallestboyseems81._______
tohaveit.Hecantellyouthenamesoftheplayersinmost82._______
oftheimportantteam,hehasphotographsofthemand83._______
knowtheresultsoflargenumbersofmatches.Hewilltell84._______
youhisopinionwhichisusualasvaluableasthatoftheadults.85._______
⒀Climbingismyfavouritesport.Iamveryfoodit,76._______
especiallyinlaterautumn.Onedayearlyinthemorning,77._______
myfriendsandIputonoursportsshoesandstartoff.78._______
Afterclimbingforhalfanhour,wegotatthetopof79._______
themountain.Therewehadagoodviewmilesaround.In80._______
thenorth,abigrivercrossedthecity.Thereweremany81._______
shipssailbusily.Alotofbeautifultreeswerethere,too.82._______
Thesunstartedtogodown,foritwastimeforus83._______
togoback.Ontheroadback,wewerelaughingand84._______
talkingallthetime.Wehadagoodtimeonthatday.85._______
⒁BeforelunchAllenhappenedtoseeamanfishedin76.______
aditchaboutfivemetreoutsideabar.Allenstopped77.______
regardedhimlikeafoolishman.Allen’sheartwentout79.______
ofhim.Hesaidkindlytofish-catcher,“Hello,will80.______
youpleasedomeafavorandhaveadrinkwithme81.______
inthebar?”Themangladlyreceivedhisinvitation.82.______
Afterbuyingthemanseveralcupssoft-drinks,83.______
Allenasked,“Youarefishingthere,right?MayI84.______
knowhowmuchfishyouhavecaughtthismorning?”85.______
“Youarethenumber8,”saidthemanhumorously.?
⒂Whatshouldyoudowhenyourparentsbecomeangry?If76.________
yourparentsgotmad,trytohaveaconversationwiththem77.________
aboutit.Rememberingnottoshoutatthem.Theyusually78.________
willtrytochange,buttheywilltakesometimebecause79._________
theygetangryalltheirlife,andthatisalltheyknow.You80._________
mighthavetochangeforyourmethodacoupleoftimes.81._________
Doanynicethingsforyourparentsthattheydon’texpect82._________
—`likecooking,doingthedishes,washingclothes,orclean83._________
thefloors.Ifthisdoesn’twork,bringinfriendthatyou84._________
feelcomfortable,andhavehimorherhelpyou.85._________
⒃InFeb.2nd1979,China’sVice-premier76._______
DengXiaopingwasatavisittotheU.S.77._______
HewasinthespaceflightcenterneartoHouston78._______
Texas.Satinthepilot’sseatofamodelof79._______
aspaceshuttle(航天飞机),hewas
askedtotouchabutton80._______
tomakeitlandingontheearthfrom81._______
aheightof95,000feet,thathedid.From82._______
windowsofthecraft,hecouldseetheearth83._______
cominguptomeethimasareturnedspacepilot84._______
wouldseeit.MillionsofpeopleinbothChinaand
theUSwatchthisonTVwithdelight.85._______
[实战演练二]
A
We’llneverforgetadaywhenmyclassmatesand1.____
Ipaidavisitachemistryfactory.It2.____
wasalargeonewithnearly20,000workers.Itlooks3.____
likeagardenandwesawcolorfulflowers,grassandtrees4.____
there.Wealsovisitedsomeworkshopandfoundworkers5.____
workinghard.Wetalkedtothemandlearnedalotof.We6.____
understoodthemfurther.Onthewayhomewefeltverytiring,7.____
butweboththoughtwehadaverygoodday.8.____
Wereallyhopedwhatwecouldgetmorechances9.____
ofleavingtheschoolandlearnaboutsociety.10.____
B
Thechildrennextdooroftenplaythefootballin1.____
thegardenaftermyhouseandsometimesbreakmy2.____
windows.LastSaturdayafternoonIstayathomeand3.____
readabook.Afterawhile,Iclosedmyeyesandwent4.____
tosleep.Aloudknockonthedoormademetowake5.____
upsuddenly.Soonalittleboyturnedout.“Youhaven’t6.____
brokenoneofmywindowagain?”Iasked.“Oh,no!”7.____
answeredtheboy.“Yourwindowswereallopenedthis8.____
timeandourfootballisinyourbedroom.Couldyou9.____
mindgettingintogetourball?”Iwasatalossatthe10.____
moment.
C
Ieverworkedasatourguide.OnedayIsawadvertisement1.____
onthenewspaper.Irangupthecompany,and2.____
Iwasgiventhejobimmediate.Theyaskedmetotake3.____
atouraroundthecitythenextmorning.Themanager4.____
justtoldmetosayanythingthatIcouldthinkaboutthe5.____
city.Myfirsttouristerrible.Theoldbuswasnot6.____
air-conditioned,becauseitwasthemiddleofsummer.It7.____
wasuncomfortableinsidethebus.Thetouristsoonbecame8.____
veryhotandangry.Iownedaveryhardtime.Istayedthere9.____
forafewweeks,andthenleftandjoinedinabetter10.____
company.
D
SueandAnnoftenmeetatacheaperrestauranttoeat1.____
andtalkingaboutlifeandschoolaftertheirmorning2.____
class.Sometimes,insteadoftalking,theyplaya3.____
gamethattheycallit“peoplewatching”.Theystartthe4.____
gameinobservingandlisteningtopeoplearound5.____
themcarefullyandmakeguessesabouttheirlivesas6.____
ages,jobs,likes,dislikesandsoon.Ofcourse,7.____
theyneverreallyknewwhethertheyarerightorwrong.8.____
Thereforetheyusuallyhavegoodreasonsforthinking9.____
thatwhattheyare.“Thegameisfun,”theyoftensay.10.____
E
Ataparty,itisquitenormalofsomeonetohave1.____
ashortconversationwithyouandthengoontotalking2.____
tootherpeople!Don’tthinktheydislikeyouorthey3.____
areimpolite.Ithasthecustomatmanyparties4.____
inBritain,particularlytherepeoplearestandinguprather5.____
thansittingdown.Herearetwowaysoffinishingconversation6.____
ataparty.“Excuseme.IthinkI’llgoandgetanotherdrinking.7.____
Seeyoulater,perhaps?”“Oh.Excuseme.I’vejustseen8.____
MaryJenningsoverhere.I’vegottodiscussameetingwe9.____
arebeenhavingonThursday.Wouldyouexcusemeforamoment?””10.____
F
Ifeltsadlyyesterdaywhenourteachertoldussomething1.____
aboutProjectHopeinclass.Ithassetuptohelpthe2.____
childreninthecountrysidewhocan’tpaytogoto3.____
school.AfterschoolIcamehome.IwaswonderingifI4.____
coulddosomethingfortheProjectthenIcaughtsight5.____
ofmoney-collectingboxonthetable.ThenImade6.____
upmymindstosendmypocketmoneywhichI7.____
hadsavedfornearlyoneyearforthechildrenwho8.____
wantedtogotoschool.Iwrotealettertothemand9.____
hurriedtothepostoffice.TogetherwiththeletterI
postedthemoneyandsentwithmybestwishestothem.10.____
G
LastnightwhenStevenandIwashavingawalkinthe1.____
Street,wesuddenlyheardapainfulcryforhelpunder2.____
atreenearby.Wequicklyrantothetreeandfoundaboylaying3.____
onthegroundwithastickinhisleg.Hehadfallenofthetree.4.____
Stevensuggestedwepulledthestickoutatonce,butIdisagreed,5.____
BecauseIhadlearnedlittleaboutfirstaidatschool.Thestick6.____
inthelegwouldhelpcontrollingthebleeding.Astherewas7.____
notelephone,wemanagedtofindataxi.Wetooktheboytothe8.____
hospital.Thedoctorsexaminedtheboyfastandwegotto9.____
knowwheretheboylived.Sowetelephonedhisparents
andleftafterhecametothehospital.Wedidagooddeed.10.____
H
LastsummerIlearnttorideabicycle.Atfirst?,Iwas1.____
unabletocontrolitsdirection.SometimesIfallto2.____
therightortotheleft.ButIworriedmyfathertotellme3.____
howIcouldridestraightly.Hedidn’tanswerme4.____
directly.Instead,hetookmetosideofthestreet.5.____
“Canyoufindsomebiketrackthatisreallystraight?”6.____
askedmyfather.Iwatchedmorecarefullyandshookmy7.____
head.“No?”hesaid,“infactneitherofthetracksis8.____
alwaysstraight.Butjustbycorrectthedirection9.____
everynowandthen,youhadalreadygoneforward.”10.____
I
Boysandgirls,
Attention,please.I’vegotagoodnewsforyou.Anewbook1.____
HowtoImproveYourEnglishisnowonsellinthe 2.____
nearbybookstore.XinhuaBookstore.Ithinkthebook3.____
isagreathelponourEnglishstudyandsuitablefor4.____
usmiddleschoolstudents.HereI’vegotit.Youmay5.____
gotohavealooktoseewhetheryoulikeitornot.Theprice6.____
isfiveyuanevery.Thosewhowanttobuythe7.____
bookshouldgetyourmoneyreadyfor.Byeleveno’clock8.____
tomorrowmorningthemoneyshouldbegiveeither9.____
tomenortoourLeagueSecretary.We’llgotobuythe10.____
bookstomorrowafternoon.
短文改错专题之答案
1.76.hoped→hope77.in→with78.do→are79.have前加to80.
去掉第二个to81.√82.his→their83.already前加have84.lesson前加a
85.making→carrying
2.76.has后加a77.lives→life78.us后加of79.which→that
80.√81.But→However82.his→their83.去掉they
84.harmful→harm85.healthy→health
3.76.returning后加to77.have→had78.say→speak79.interested→interesting
80.√81.it→which82.their→his83.去掉to
84.she→he85.去掉it
4.76.serious→seriously77.to→into78.√79.in→on
80.take→get81.such→so82.stopping→stop83.water前加the
84.paid前加been85.去掉more
5.76.去掉a77.have后加been78.exam→exams79.was→were
80.strong→strongly81.too→so82.去掉of83.live→living
84.√85.fact后加that
6.76.something→anything77.healthy→health78.which→when或which前加in
79.start→starts80.when后加to81.去掉was82.√
83.70-year-old前加a84.What→As85.public’s→public
7.76.your→their 77.followed→following
78.children后加to 79.which→that
80.themselves后加as 81.independence→independent 82.√
83.but后加not 84.him→them 85.of→with
8.76.peoples→people77.A→The78.While→When79.Face→Facing
80.miss→missed81.talk后加to或with82.record→records83.
去掉第二个the84.me→myself85.√
9.76.neighbour→neighbours77.walked→walk78.Some→One79.
sudden→suddenly80.√81.去掉on82.said→saying83.great→greater
84.去掉and85.have后加one
10.76.see→saw77.interesting→interested78.√79.your前加in
80.full→fully81.able前加be82.three→third83.去掉that
84.worth→cost85.are→is
11.76.accepted→received77.去掉more78.because后加of79.other→another
80.say→said81.and→or82.family前加the83.去掉to
84.√85.happily→happy
12.76.is后加the77.match→matches78.shout→shouting
79.surprised→surprising80.√81.still→even82.去掉it83.team→teams
84.know→knows85.usual→usually
13.76.fond后加of77.later→late78.start→started79.at→to
80.In→To81.√82.sail→sailing83.for→so/and84.road→way85.去掉on
14.76.fished→fishing77.metre→metres78.去掉over.79.like→as80.to后加the81.√82.received→accepted83.cups后加of84.are→were85.much→many
15.76.√77.got→get78.Remembering→Remember79.they→it80.life→lives
8l.去掉for82.any→some83.clean→cleaning84.friend前加a85.comfortable后加with
16.76.On77.on78.去掉to79。Sitting/Seated80.∨81.land
82.which83.the84.returning85.watched
A1.a→the2.visit后加to3.was→is4.√5.workshop→workshops6.去掉of
7.tiring→tired8.both→all9.去掉what或what→that10.learn→learning
B1.去掉the2.after→behind3.stay→stayed4.√5.去掉第二个to6.out→up
7.window→windows8.opened→open9.Could→Would10.getting前加me或my
C1.saw后加an2.on→in3.immediate→immediately4.√5.think后加of
6.is→was7.because→and8.tourist→tourists9.owned→had10.去掉in
D1.cheaper→cheap2.talking→talk3.class→classes4.去掉it5.in→by
6.as前加such7.√8.knew→know9.Therefore→But10.去掉that
E1.of→for2.talking→talk3.or后加that4.has→is5.there→where6.finishing后加a7.drinking→drink8.√9.here→there10.去掉been
F1.sadly→sad2.has后加been3.pay→afford4.√5.then→when6.of后加my或the7.minds→mind8.第二个for→to9.wanted→want10.去掉with
G1.was→were2.help后加from3.laying→lying4.of→off5.pulled→pull6.little前加a7.controlling→control8.√9.fast→quickly10.he→they
H1.√2.fall→fell3.But→So4.straightly→straight5.side前加the6.some→any7.去掉more8.neither→none9.correct→correcting10.had→have
I1.去掉第一个a2.sell→sale3.√4.on→for5.it→one6.go→come7.every→each8.去掉for9.give→given10.nor→or
高考英语易错题解题方法大全(四):短文改错
DearAlice,
Ihavejustgotsomegoodnewstotelltoyou.1.______
Iwinanationalprizeforpaintinglastweek.2.______
Myfatherwassopleasingthathesuggested3.______
IgotoEnglandforaholiday.I’dliketostaying4.______
thereforhalfamonth,visitingplaceofinterest5.______
orpracticingmyEnglishaswell.We’vebeen6.______
writingtoeachfornearlyayearnow.Ihave7.______
oftendreamedoftalkfacetofacewithyou.8.______
Iimagineyou’llbeatvacationyourselfbythat9.______
time.Perhapswecouldgoouttodosome10.______
sightseeingtogether.
Best,
Lily
1.典型错误是将got去掉。而没有考虑到havegot是一个固定搭配,无需改动,而本题tell是及物动词,后无需加to,tellsb.sth.告诉某人某事.
注意英语中的固定搭配与动词的固定搭配.
去掉to
2.典型错误是发现不了错误的所在.
要注意时间状语lastweek,是过去时态的标志,因此win改为won.
win→won
3.典型错误是没有注意到pleasing是用来修饰事物的形容词.
注意形容词的用法,表示情感态度的-ing形容词是用来表示事物的特征的,而-ed形容词常用来修饰人.
pleasing→pleased/happy
4.将go改为went.错因分析,没有考虑到suggest表’建议’时,后面的从句要用虚拟语气should加上动词原形,should可以省略.且wouldliketo后加动词的原形.
平时在高考复习的过程中要注意一些常用动词及短语的用法.
staying→stay
5.典型错误是将interest后加s.错因分析是没有掌握placeofinterest的复数形式是在place后加上-s.
注意一些名词以及一些名词短语的复数变化.
place→places
6.典型错误是找不到错点.错因分析是没有正确地理解visitingplaceofinterest
与practicingmyEnglishaswell是并列关系而不是选择关系.
在改错的过程中要注意上下句的逻辑关系.
or→and
7.典型错误是将to去掉.错因分析write后加each,each用作了副词,而没有发现整篇小短文是一篇书信,是两个人之间的联系.
从篇章整体结构出发,抓住上下文的相应逻辑信息,且忌只从单行入手.
each后加other
8.典型错误是没有发现介词后应加上动词的-ing形式.
注意介词的用法,介词后加动词的ing形式,除了个别的介词but,except等当”除了”讲时,例外.
talk→talking
9.典型错误是将yourself去掉.错因分析没有发现固定短语的错误,且一行只能改正一处以及不能改变句子的原意.度假应为onvacation.
在高考复习的过程中要积累一些固定搭配的短语
at→on
10.典型错误对本行也进行了改动.错因分析是没有抓住例年来改错的特点:其中正确1行;多词1-2行;少词1-2行;错词6行左右。
正确分析句子,根据改错题设题特点来做题.
√
DearLucy,
I’mgladtohearthatyouareinterestinginmycity.Asyou1._________
readontheInternet,greatchangeshavebeentakenplacehere.2._________
Itismoreconvenienttoliveinthecitythanbefore.Privatecars3._________
areeverywherenow.LotsofpeopleshopontheInternet,that4._________
isespeciallypopularyoungpeople.What’smore,5._________
peoplearepayingmoreattentionontheirhealth.Youcanfind6._________
morepeopleintheparkorintheirneighborhood,doingexercises.7._________
Evenyoungpeoplearepayinglotofattentiontotheirdiet.8.________
Allinall,ourcitylooksverydifferent.Ihopethattheywill9.________
beabletovisitmytownthissummerholiday.10._______
Bestwishes!
Yours,
LiHua
1.没有正确地把握表示情感形容词的用法,interesting常用来修饰事物,interested常用于修饰人。
形容词的误用的考查关键是主语的确定,以及常用的固定短语beinterestedin意为“对……感兴趣”。
interesting→interested
2.本题考查动词的用法,takeplace是不及物动词短语,不能用于被动语态。
要积累一些常见的不及物动词短语。
去掉been
3.学生可能会将more去掉,因为没有注意到比较级结构。
本题考查比较级结构。
√
4.本题考查定语从句的用法,尤指非限制性定语从句。在非限制性定语从句中不能使用that来引导。
对于高中英语中的一些复合句要正确地掌握。
that→which
5.本题考查固定短语bepopularamong的用法。从句子分析,在youngpeople前缺少了介词。
对于一些常见的短语要牢记,在改错题中介词,不定式符词和冠词是常常易丢失的内容。
popular后加among
6.本题考查固定短语payattentionto的用法,学生们常会将此短语与focusone’sattentionon混淆。
要牢记一此常见的动词短语。
on→to
7.本题考查名词exercise的用法,当“运动”讲时,是不可数名词。
注意一些常见词的名词的可数与不可数现象。
exercises→exercise
8.本题考查lotsof或alotof的用法,学生们常会粗心,注意不到这一点细微的变化。
看题要心细,注意一些常见的修饰名词表示许多,大量的短语。
lot→lots或lot前加a
9.本题考查代词的用法,从全篇文章来看,作者一直与you进行交谈,因此,此处的they指代不明。
要从全篇内容来考查,判断代词的指代内容,切忌指代不明。
they→you
10.本题学生们很可以看不出来问题的所在,要从上文来看,因为上文所谈的一直是city,因此这里的town应改为city.
在进行短文改错时,要注意从篇章结构下手,不要以点代面。
town→city
ItisfiveyearsnowsinceIgraduatefromNo.3High1.______
School.LastSaturday,theclassthatIwasonhelda2.______
get—together,whichtookusalongtimeprepare.It3.______
wasindeednoteasytogetinthetouchwitheverybody4.______
andsetawelltimeforallofus.Weallenjoyed5.______
thispreciousdaygreatly,rememberthetimewespent6.______
togetherandthepeopletheywerefamiliarwith.Itwas7.______
apitywhichsomeofuswerenotpresentastheyhad8.______
goneabroadforfurtherstudies,buttheycalledback9.______
orsentgreetingcardfromdifferentplaces.10.______
1.典型错误是将from去掉.错因分析:一是没有掌握固定短语graduatefrom;二是没有记住since的句型结构.
要注意since的句型结构:Itis/hasbeen段时间since后常用一般过去时.
gratuate→graduated
2.典型错误是没有注意到定语从句与先行词的关系,在班级应使用beinclass.
本题是考查介词的固定搭配,常考介词是in,on,with,from,at,of等.
on→in
3.典型错误是考查take当“花费”讲时的固定句型,学生们常在prepare后加it.错因分析是没有掌握住一些表示花费的句型结构以及没有正确分析定语从句的结构.
对于一些固定的句型搭配要牢记.本句中缺少一词,通常缺少的词有:冠词、副词、不定式符号to等。
time后加to
4.典型错误是考查动词短语的固定搭配.错因分析是本短语getintouchwith中多了一个冠词。
高考英语改错题中的赘述是在一些固定表达中用了多余的词,这些词多为冠词,介词,副词,代词等。
the划掉
5.典型错误是词性的误用.错因分析是学生们对于形容词和副词的运用掌握不好.
词类的误用是高考改错题的重点,常将动词、名词、副词、形容词互改。
1.well→good
6.典型错误是将remember改为remembered.错因分析没有正确分析句子的结构,本句中的谓语动词为enjoyed,remember不应为谓语了,而为状语,所以应改为非谓语动词。
正确地分析句子结构是解决此类问题的关键。句子的主语是we,与remember之间是逻辑上的主谓关系,因此应用remembering的形式来作状语。
remember→remembering
7.典型错误是代词的误用.错因分析没有注意上下文的逻辑关系,they指代不明。
此类题要注意主语与代词的指代的一致,阅读完整的句子就可以看出来。
they→we
8.典型错误是没有注意到Itisapitythat...句型.错因分析本句型中it是形式主语,that引导的从句是真正的主语,which无此用法。
注意分析句子,掌握it的用法及一些固定句型。
which→that
9.典型错误是将studies改为study.错因分析是没有将名词study的用法掌握好。Study用作不可数名词时,意为“学习”;study的复数形式,意为“(各学科的)学习”,因此,此处studies是正确的。
注意常见名词的单复数的用法。
√
10.典型错误是名词的单复数的运用.错因分析没有正确地分析完整的句子以及上下文的逻辑关系。They是复数,因此不可能只送一张贺卡。
正确理解句子的意思,注意上下文的逻辑关系以及可数名词的单复数,不要以点带面。
card→cards
TheInternetisplayingaimportantpartin1.
ourdailylife.Onthenet,wecanlearnabout2.
newsbothhomeandabroadandsomeother3.
informationsaswell.Wecanalsomakephonecalls,4.
sendmessagesbye-mails,gotonetschools,and5.
learnforeignlanguagesbyourselves.Beside,we6.
canenjoymusic,watchsportsmatches,andplaythe7.
chessorcards.Thenetevenhelpusdoshopping,8.
makeachatwithothersandmakefriendswiththem.9.
Inaword,theInternethasmadeourlifemoreeasier.10.
1.本题考查冠词的用法,学生们很有可能不注意这一细节,在元音读音开头的单词前要使用an来修饰。
冠词a,an与the的用法是常考的知识点,因此要牢记。
a→an
2.学生们很可能将介词on改为in,原因是没有掌握固定短语ontheinternet。
对于一些介词短语要牢记,onTV,onthetelephone等。
√
3.本题学生们很可能找不出错误,原因是没有正确地分析句子的结构,本句是缺少后置定语,athomeandabroad在国内外。
正确在分析句子的结构并掌握固定短语的用法。
home前加at
4.本题考查名词的用法。Information是不可数名词。
对于名词的考查,常见的是可数名词与不可数名词的混用,所以要记住常见的不可数名词fun,furniture,equipment,progress,information,news等。
informations→information
5.本题考查介词by当“(表方式)通过”时,后用名词单数的形式。
注意一些常见介词的用法。
e-mails→e-mail
6.考查介词的辨析,beside与besides的用法。这两个介词是形近词,很多学生在紧张的情况下,很可能不能注意到这一点。
要通过上下文的逻辑关系来判断介词的使用。
Beside→Besides
7.本题考查冠词在固定短语中的使用。玩牌应为playchess或playcards。
掌握固定短语的使用。
去掉the
8.本题考查主谓一致,因为主语是thenet所以谓语动词为单数。
注意分析句子的结构及主谓一致的用法。谓语动词在人称和数上要与主语保持一致。
help→helps
9.本题学生们很可能会将第一个make改为making,原因是没有从整个句子的结构来分析,因为句子是三个并列谓语。本题是动词的误用haveachatwithsb.与某人交谈。
本题是考查动词短语的固定搭配,因此对于一些常见的动词的短语要牢记。
第一个make→have
10.本题考查形容词的比较级,属于成分的冗余部分。easy的比较级为easier,more为多余的成分。
注意成分的冗余以及如何使用形容词或是副词的比较级及最高级的表达。
more→much
JohnBrownisaLondontaxidriverwholovegoingtothe1._______
theatre.Lastweekhismothergavehimtwoticketsforaplay.2.________
TheticketswereonSundayevening.ThenJohnreadsome3.________
reviewsoftheplay,whichallsaiditwasaterriblyone!He4.________
wouldn’tgotoseeaplaythatnoonelikedit,sotwohours5._______
beforetheplaystarted,helefttheticketonthebackseatof6._______
histaxi,perhapssomeonewhowantedseetheplaywouldtakethem7.________
However,whileJohnwentbackhome,theticketswere8.________
stillthere.Inthefact,therewerefourticketsontheseat.9.________
Someonehasplacedanotherpairofticketsontopofthem!10.________
1.典型错误定语从句中的谓语动词的主谓一致的考查.错因分析没有正确的区分出先行词,在定语从句中的谓语动语的单复数与先行词保持一致。
正确地分析句子的结构以及掌握主谓一致的原则。
love→loves
2.典型错误是将gave改为gives.错因分析是没有考虑到时间状语lastweek是过去时态的提示词。
要注意时间状语决定句子的时态的作用。
√
3.典型错误是认为本句是正确的.错因分析是onSundayevening是一个固定的短语,意为“在周日的晚上”;但是本句考查的是tickets的适用期限,因此应将on改为for.
在做改错题时,不要用片面来代替整体,应从整个句子来分析。
on→for
4.典型错误是形容词与副词的误用.错因分析是没有抓住aterriblyone中应使用一个形容词来修饰one,因为one指代名词play。
正确地分析句子结构,确定词性的正确使用。
terribly→terrible
5.典型错误是句子结构冗余.错因分析是没有正确地分析定语从句的成分,句中liked的宾语是关系词that,因此it是多余。
正确地分析定语从句的用法,分清定语从句的成分。
去掉it
6.典型错误没有发现ticket的错误.错因分析是没有从篇章整体上去分析句子,因为前面己经提到他的母亲给他两张票,且John又不打算去看电影,因此两张票都不要了,所以ticket改为tickets.
在进行改错时是注意上下文的逻辑关系,不要篇章的整体性,是短文改错不是单句改错。
ticket→tickets
7.典型错误是考查句子结构的错误.错因分析没有注意到两个动词wanted与see之间的关系,wanttodosth.是固定的结构。
在分析句子结构时,要注意正确的固定搭配。
wanted后加to
8.典型错误是连词的使用错误.错因分析是正确地使用while,when与as的用法。While从句中的动词必需是延续性动词,when从句中的动词可以是延续性的,也可是非延性的。
注意常用连词的用法。
while→when
9.典型错误是考查固定的介词短语infact.错因分析是常见的介词短语没有记牢。
对于一些常见的介词和动词的固定短语要记牢。
the去掉
10.典型错误没有发现has是错误的.错因分析是短文的时态要以上下文的主体时态为依据,此短文的主体时态为过去时,因此,应将has改为had。
时态的更改以上下文的主体时态为依据。
has→had
Thisweekend,IhurtmyarmbadwhileIwasplaying1.__________
basketballwithmyfriends.ItwassuchpainfulthatIcouldn’t2.__________
helpcryout.Myfriendstookmetothenearbyhospital3.__________
whereIsawlittleboylyingonabed.Hewasgoingtohave4._________
averydangerousoperation,buthestillkeptsmiling.Atthat5._________
moment,Ifeltmorepainful.Ialsoreadthecourageand6._________
confidenceinthelittleboy’sface.Althoughtheoperation7._________
wasdangerous,shewasstillverypositive.Inourlives,there8.________
istroublesnowandthen,butIthinkhavingapositiveattitude9.________
willhelpusovercomethesedifficulty.10.________
1.本题考查形容词与副词的混用。Bad应是修饰hurt的,因此应使用副词badly。
词性的误用主要是考查学生对基本句法结构的掌握。掌握基本的句法,句子的意思和逻辑关系及从句中的成分。
bad→badly
2.such用来修饰名词,so用来修饰形容词,so+adj.+that如此……以致于…….
本题考查so与such的辨析。
such→so
3.学生们可能在help后加上to,原因是没有注意到can’thelpdoing的意思是“禁不住,止不住”的意思。
本题考查非谓语动词的用法,注意一些常见的后即可接不定式,也可接动名词的动词及短语的意思的差别。在选择的过程中要根据上下文的意思来判断。
cry→crying
4.本题句中缺少内容,学生们很可能注意不到;可数名词单数前必需要有限定词a,an或the,this,that等。
可数名词不可单独使用。
saw后加a
5.√
6.本题对于学生们来说有些难度,要综合上下文的逻辑关系才能看出来错误所在。从上下文来看,作者在小男孩的影响下,应感到不那么疼了。
从根据上下文的逻辑关系及语义来判断程度词的用法。
more→less
7.介词的误用,在某人的脸上应为onone’sface。
掌握常用介词的用法。
in→on
8.此题对于粗心的学生而言失分率较高。因为本题需从整篇文章来断定代词的指代,只从单句看是改不出来的,本题中涉及的是一个小男孩,因此应使用he来代替she.
用于指代的各类代词应在数、格、性上与上下文保持一致。
she→he
9.本题学生易错在将troubles改为troulbe,原因是troulbe当不可数名词时为“麻烦”;而当“麻烦事”时是可数名词,从上下文分析,此题应为“麻烦事”,所以要改谓语动词is为are.
要注意一些名词的可数与不可数时意思上的差别,并根据文中的逻辑关系来判断其用法。
is→are
10.本题考查名词的用法,these用来修饰名词的复数。
注意一些修饰词的用法及名词的单复数。
difficulty→difficulties
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