一名爱岗敬业的教师要充分考虑学生的理解性，准备好一份优秀的教案往往是必不可少的。教案可以让学生更好的吸收课堂上所讲的知识点，帮助高中教师更好的完成实现教学目标。我们要如何写好一份值得称赞的高中教案呢？下面是小编精心收集整理，为您带来的《Unit3Tomorrow’sWorld教案学案练习一体化》，欢迎大家阅读，希望对大家有所帮助。

译林牛津版高中英语模块四Unit3Tomorrow’sWorld教案学案练习一体化
学习目标
1．词汇：reality,extraordinary,character,interactive,set,upon,feeling,headset,enable,monitor,via,deliver,straw,final,besides,firefighter,burn,battle,whale,ant,fantastic,opportunity,industry,impress,announce,liquid,soap,powder,showcase,employ,accuse,file,popularity,criticize,fade,editor,therefore,voice,opinion,crash,nephew,central,surface,southern,hero,gentle,journey,per,rescue,force,guide,safely.
2．词组、短语：passon,thousandsof,beconnectedto,putforward,lastbutnotleast,setup,inmyopinion,comeacross,notonly….butalso.
3．语法、结构：1)Thepassivevoice
2)Modalverbsandthepassivevoice
3)Verbsoftenusedinthepassivevoice
4．技能指导：
Bytheendofthisunit,studentswillbeableto:
1）readaformalproposalandsummariesofthreesciencefictionnovels
2）listentofactsandopinionsandaninterviewaboutcomputeruse
3）Discussviewsontechnologyandinterviewaclassmate
4）Writeaproposalforacomputerroomandashortsciencefictionstory
5）Expandvocabularyrelatedtocomputer
合作探究
Welcometotheunit
1．导入：Thegeneralideaofthisperiod
Thepicturesandthequestionsofthispartmakestudentstakenoticeofthelifeinthefuture.Withtherapiddevelopmentofscienceandtechnology,someofourwildestdreamscouldcometrueinthefuture.
Reading
体验：Readingcomprehension
Thearticleinthissectionisabusinessproposalwhichintroducesanewbusinessidea.AskstudentstoskimandscantheproposalandtrytofindanswerstothethreequestionsinPartA.Remindstudentsonlytofocusonthemostimportantinformationneededtoanswerthesequestions.Meanwhileaskstudentstopayattentiontothestructureofthepassage.
Payattentiontothestructureofthearticle.Organizestudentsintogroupsoffour.Askthemtodiscussthisarticleandanalyzethestructure.Also,studentsneedtoconcludewhatthemainideaofeachpartofthearticleis.
mainideas
Para1____________________________________________________________
Para2----7____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
Para8____________________________________________________________
Activitiesanddiscuss
1.Afterstudentshaveworkedoutthemainideasforthedifferentparts,tofurtherstrengthenthecomprehension,askstudentstoanswerthefollowingquestionandfillinthechartaccordingtotheproposal.
HowcanRealCineexcitetheviewersfivesenses?
SenseThingsneededEffectsinRealCine
sightspecialVRheadsetsViewerscanseeaworldof3Danimationallaroundthem.
soundspecialVRheadsetsViewerscanhearthesoundsclearlyallaroundthem.
smellsmallopeningintheheadsetSmellsaregivenout.
toughspecialglovesViewerscantoughpeopleandobjectsinthefilm.
tasteastrawsensorSpecialfoodanddrinkchemicalsareplacesintotheviewers’mouth.

2.Thenchecktheanswersasaclass.Iftimeallows,organizeaclasspresentation.AskstudentstodiscussandusetheinformationinthechartabovetogiveabriefpresentationaboutvirtualrealityandRealCine.
3.Presentthefollowingsentencestostudents.Askthemtoreadeachoneandthinkaboutthecharacteristicsofthelanguageusedinthisarticle.
IbelieveyouwillbeamazedbytheRealCineexperience,andwillagreethatthisisanextraordinarytechnologythatmustbedevelopedfurther.
Viewerswillbesurprisedathowrealitfeels.
RealCineworksbymakingtheviewersfeelthattheyareactuallyinthefilm.
IamsureyouwillagreethatRealCineprovidesafantasticopportunityforthefilm-makingindustry.
Askstudents:
Asadecisionmaker,doyouthinkyouwouldfinallybepersuadedtoinvestordevelopRealCine?Whyorwhynot?
Whatdoyouthinkofthelanguageusedtnthesesentences?
Tellthemthatthepurposeofabusinessproposalistoplanorsuggestanewidea.Thegoalistohelpthecustomersortheinvestorsmaketheirdecisions.Therefore,clearandpersuasivelanguageisoftenused.
4.AskstudentstoreadtheReadingstrategy.Tellstudentsthatasuccessfulbusinessproposalneedstobeobjectiveandthatdetailedinformationandconvincingfactsorexamplestogetherwiththepassivevoicearefrequentlyusedtoachievethispurpose.Therefore,whenreadingabusinessproposal,theycanfocusonthesefeatures.
5.Askstudentstoreadthearticleagainandunderlinethesentencesusingthepassivevoiceinthepassage.Givesomeexplanationswhythepassivevoiceisused.Thiswillhelpstudentsgetabetterunderstandingofhowtowriteaproposal.
6.HavestudentscompletePartD.ThemeaningsofthewordsinPartDshouldnotbedifficultforstudentstoidentifyaftertheyhavereadthroughthepassageseveraltimes.AskstudentstorefertothetextastheycompletePartD.Thisexercisecanhelpstudentsunderstandthetextbetter.
7DrawstudentsattentiontoPartE.PartEisareplytotheproposal,whichservesasasummaryofthearticleaboutRealCine.Havestudentscompleteitindividuallyfirstandthenchecktheiranswerswiththewholeclass.
Post-readingactivities
UsethefollowingactivitiestohelpstudentsdeepentheirunderstandingofRealCineanddeveloptheirspeakingabilityaswell.
Organizestudentsintogroupsoffour.Askthemtoholdagroupdiscussion.ImaginewhatspecialeffecttheyhopetohaveiftheycanseeapopularfilmlikeHarryPotterandthePhilosophersStoneinRealCine.
DoyouthinkwatchingaHarryPotterfilminRealCineismoreexcitingandinterestingthaninanordinarycinema?Whyorwhynot?
Afterthediscussion,askeachgrouptomakeanadvertisementposterforthisimaginaryvirtualrealityfilm.Thentheymaymakeanoralpresentationoftheiradvertisementsinclass.Everystudentcanvoteandchoosethebestonefromalltheadvertisements.Ifpossible,askthemtostatetheirreasonsfortheirchoice.
Organizestudentsintogroupsofsix.AskthemtowriteanintroductiontoReaICine.Intheintroduction,theymaystatetheirownopinionsonRealCine.
Organizestudentsintotwogroups.Askthemtoholdadebateactivity.
Thosewhosupportvirtualrealitybelievethat,withthistechnology,peoplecandoalmosteverything,eventhingsthatcannotberealizedinnormallife.Wedontneedtotravelanymoreorspendsomuchtimewithfriendsanymore.Virtualrealitycanprovideanynecessaryfeaturesthatweneeditlourlife.Othersinsistthat,reallifeandinterpersonalcommunicationshouldneverbereplacedbyimaginaryscenes.Peopleshouldtakeofftheheadsetsandexperiencethereallifethemselves.Whatdoyouthinkofthesetwoopinions?Stateyourreasons.
Iftimepermits,askstudentstodoPartsA1andA2onpage96intheirWorkbook,sotheywillbemorefamiliarwiththetextandthewordsandexpressionslearntinthispart.Ortheycandothetwoexercisesafterclassashomework.
PartFaimsatconsolidatingstudentsspeakingability.AskstudentstoreadtheinstructionsforPartFanddiscusswittheirpartnersthequestionscloselyrelatedtonewtechnology.Encouragestudentstosharetheiropinionsandreporttheiranswerstotheclass.
AskstudentsfirsttoreadPartAandthentodoPartBintheWritingsectionofthisunitonpage103intheiWorkbook.ThepassageinPartAisasample.Afterreadingit,theywillknowhowtowriteanarticleaboutthefutureschoolinPartB.
Summary
Realcineworksbymakingtheviewersfeelthattheyareactuallyinthefilm.unlikeordinarycinema,RealCineexcitesallfiveofpeople’ssenses:sight,hearing,smell,tough,andeventaste.VRcanprovideteenagerswithanotherwaytoexperiencetheworldandmakethemworkhardertomaketheirdreamscometrue.Vrcanalsodosomethingthatcouldneverbeachievedinrealworld.RealCinewillcertainlyprovideafantasticopportunityforthefilm-makingindustry.
Wordsandexpressions：
3．研析：
词汇
1）extraordinary,
1)adj.（形容词）
非凡的，超出一般或平常的，显著的：
amanofextraordinarystrength
一位力气惊人的男子
anextraordinaryachievement.
一个非凡的成就
特别的：用于特殊的服务、功能或场合的：
aministerextraordinary；anextraordinaryprofessor.
特派部长；一位特职教授
Whatanextraordinaryidea!
多么离奇的想法!
特别的，临时的，额外的
anextraordinarysession
临时会议
Itisextraordinarythat….------是不平常的
Itwasextraordinarythatherefusedourrequest.
他拒绝了我们的邀请实在是不寻常。
2）character
n.（名词）
1）性质，性格，特色，身份；
adeterminedcharacter果断的性格；
inhischaracterasfather.以父亲的身份；
2)字
ThecharactersinChinesewritinglooklikesmallpictures.
汉字看起来象是一幅幅小图画。
aChinesecharacter
一个汉字
3）个性；特色；（事物的）特性
Hehasastrongbutgentlecharacter.
thecharacterofthesavannaareas大草原地方的特色；
他有坚强但温柔的性格。
Thenewbuildingshavechangedthecharacterofthevillage.
新建筑改变了这个村庄的特点。
4）（书、剧中的）人物
Ifindallthecharactersinhisnewplayveryreal.
我觉得他那出新戏中所有的人物都很真实。
Thestoryhasonlyafewcharacters.那故事只有几个角色。
相关词组：
incharacter
相符的：与某人特性或行为相符的：
behaviorthatwastotallyincharacter.
与特性完全相符的行为
outofcharacter
不相符的：与某人特性或行为不相符的：
aresponsesomuchoutofcharacterthatitamazedme.
回答与其性格如此不符，使我感到吃惊
3）set
v.（动词）v.tr.（及物动词）
set，setting，sets
放置：放在指定的地方；放置：
setabookonatable.
在桌上放一本书
使处于某种状态：
settheprisoneratliberty.
给犯人自由
使牢固：放入稳定的位置：
setthefencepostintoabedofconcrete.
将篱笆桩置于水泥床上
setabrokenarm.
接合断臂
setthesails.
扬帆
setanalarmclock.
上闹钟
安排：适当布置以备用：
setaplaceforadinnerguest;setatable.
为宴会客人安排地方；放置桌子
以…为背景：确定一幕剧的情节展开的特定地点：
aplaythatissetinVenice.
以威尼斯为背景的剧
创立：
setaworldrecord.
创世界纪录
树立榜样：
Aparentmustsetagoodexampleforthechildren.
父母必须为孩子树立好榜样
有准备的：
Wearesettoleaveearlytomorrowmorning.
我们准备明早离开
相关词组：
setabout
开始：开始或出发：
setaboutsolvingtheproblem.
着手解决问题
setdown
坐：使坐；坐下：
Setthebabydownhere.
让小孩坐这儿
记录：写下；记录：
Wesetdownthefacts.
我们记下事实
认为；看作：
Justsethimdownasasneak.
当他是个阴险的人
把…归于：由…引起；把…归于：
Letssettheerrordowntoinexperience.
让我们把错误归于没有经验
着陆：（飞机）着陆：
Thepilotsettheplanedownhard.
飞行员艰难地使飞机着陆
setforth
提出：提出想法；建议：
setforthasoundplan.
提出一个合理的计划
表达：用语言表达：
Shehassetforthherideas.
她已经表达出了想法
setoff
发生：引起；导致发生：
setoffachemicalreaction.
发生化学反应
爆炸：引起爆炸：
setoffabomb.
炸弹爆炸
开始旅程：
setoffforEurope.
开始欧洲之旅
setout
着手：开始一个热切的计划；着手：
Hesetouttounderstandwhytheplanhadfailed.
他开始明白为什么计划失败了
种：
setoutseedlings.
种小树
开始旅程：
Shesetoutatdawnfortown.
她日出时出发去镇上
setup
建立：
setupacharity.
建立一家慈善机构
setfireto
纵火：点燃或使燃烧
set(ones)hearton
决心做某事
n.（名词）
一套：一组互属并成套使用的同类物品：
achessset.
一套国际象棋
4）reason
n.（名词）.
原因；理由；动机
Thereasonshewasillwasthatshehadeatenbadmeat.
她生病的原因是她吃了变质的肉。
Thereasonforthisisthatthisplaneisalsoabicycle.
其原因是,这架飞机又是一辆自行车。理性；理智；道理；判断力
Theresagreatdealofreasoninhisadvice.
他的忠告极有道理。
"Therearereasonsforthisgreatinterestintheideas,feelings,andactionsofyouth."
"对年青人的思想、感情和行动发生这样巨大的兴趣,自有它的道理。"
itstandstoreason
合乎道理
listentoreason
服从道理
withreason
有理由；合乎情理
Hethinks,withreason,thatIdontlikehim.
他有理由认为我不喜欢他。
vi.,vt.
推理；推究
toreasonclearly
推理清楚
（与into,outof连用）劝说
toreasonapersonoutoffear
劝人别害怕
（与with连用）与…争辩
5）via,prep.（介词）
经由，途经
totravelfromBeijingtoShanghaiviaTianjin
由北京经由天津去上海
通过；凭藉
IsentamessagetoMaryviaherbrother.
我托玛丽的兄弟把信带给她。
6）deliver,v.tr.（及物动词）
递送：带到或运送到适当的地方或接受者；分送：
delivergroceries;deliverthemail.
运送食品；投递邮件
交付：把（某人或某物）交给他人；移交：
deliveredthecriminaltothepolice.
把罪犯交给警察
的工人
Tothroworhurl:
掷，猛投：
Thepitcherdeliveredtheball.
投手猛一投球
陈述，发言：用言辞表达；发表，讲：
deliveralecture.
发表演讲
分娩：
Shedeliveredababyboythismorning.
今天早晨她生了个小男孩
使分娩：给（产妇）接生：
Thedoctordeliveredheroftwins.
这个医生为她接生了一对双胞胎
放出，制造；生产：
Theoilwelldeliveredonly50barrelsaday.
这口油井每天只产原油五十桶
7）impress,（常与with连用）使（人）印象深刻；使铭记
常用被动语态，不用进行式，常与on连用）使印象深刻
Thebookimpressedalotofpeople.这本书在很多人心中留下深刻印象。
Iwasdeeplyimpressedby(at,with)hisspeech.他的演讲给我留下深刻印象
Impress+n.+on(upon)+n.(person)=impress+n.(person)+with
Iimpressedonhimtheimportanceofhiswork.=Iimpressedhimwiththeimportanceofhiswork.
我使他注意他的工作的重要性。
（常与on连用）盖（印）；盖（印）于
impresswaxwithaseal
把印盖在火漆上
8）announce宣布，宣告：使公开地知道
Toproclaimthepresenceorarrivalof:
宣布…的出席，宣布…的到来：
announceacaller.
宣布来访者
Toprovideanindicationofbeforehand;foretell:
预示：事先提供暗示；预示：
Theinventionofthemicrochipannouncedanewgenerationofcomputers.
微晶片的发明预示了新一代的计算机
Toserveasanannouncerfor:
当…的播音员：
announceafootballgameonTV.
在电视上给一场足球赛作播音
v.intr.（不及物动词）
Todeclareonescandidacy:
宣布竞选：宣布某人的候选人身份：
Presidentialcandidatesannouncetwoyearsinadvanceoftheelections.
在总统选举前两年宣布竞选者
Toserveasanannouncer.
作播音员
9）forcen.
n.（名词）
力，力量
theforceoftheexplosion
爆炸力
Youmustuseforcetoopenthatbottle.
你必须用力打开那个瓶子。
Theporterhadtoforcethewindowopeneverymorning.
每天早晨门房只好用力硬把窗户打开。
Newemergingforcesareinvincible.
新生力量是不可战胜的。
暴力
Thethieftookthemoneyfromtheoldmanbyforce.
小偷用暴力夺走了老人的钱。
〈物〉力
theforceofgravity
地心引力
Theforceofgravitymakesthingsfalltoearth.
地心引力使物体落向地面。
威力；势力
theforcesofevil
邪恶势力
theforcesofnature
自然力
说服力
forceofexample
榜样的力量
Thereisforceinwhathesaid.
他的话有说服力。
部队；兵力
thepoliceforce
警察部队
(pl)三军武装力量
Theairforceisoneofthearmedforces.
空军是武装部队的一种。
inforce
大批地
Thepolicewerethereinforce.
大批警察驻守在那儿。
inforce
生效；在施行中(=intoforce)
joinforces(with)
联合；合作
v.tr.（及物动词）
forced，forcing，forces
强迫：通过压力或需迫使：
Iforcedmyselftopracticedaily.Hewasforcedtotakeasecondjob.
我强迫自己每天练习。他被迫要找第二份工作
强行，硬：反对抵制或惯性地运动或影响：
forcedmyfootintotheshoe.
将脚硬塞入鞋中
强加：无情地折磨或强加：
Heforcedhisideasuponthegroup.
他把自己的意见强加给别人Toputunduestrainon:
施加过分的压力：
Sheforcedhervoicedespitebeinghoarse.
尽管嗓子已哑，她仍使劲提高嗓音
force(someones)hand
迫使仓促行动：迫使某人在条件未成熟或不情愿的情况下行动或发言
inforce
大批：大批的；大量的：有效的；操作性的
Demonstratorswereoutinforce.
大批示威者上街
arulethatisnolongerinforce.
不再有效的规则
force，oblige，
Force最为普遍，通常指力量的使用，尤其是体力上，或指不允许任何替代屈从的环境的进行：
Teargasforcedthefugitivesoutoftheirhidingplace.
催泪弹气体将逃犯从藏身之处呛了出来。
Lackoffundswilleventuallyforcehimtolookforwork.
资金缺乏最终将会迫使他找工作。
Oblige适用于出于权力、需要、道德或伦理的考虑而被迫屈从：
“Workconsistsofwhateverabodyisobligedtodo”(MarkTwain).
“无论什么样的工作都必须要做”（马克吐温）。
10）guide
n.（名词）
领路人，导师，导游，向导
Toserveasaguide.
监督…的训练或教育：作为向导

指南
ashoppersguide.，购物指南
Aguidebook.指南，手册
v.（动词）
guided，guiding，guides
v.tr.（及物动词）
带领，为…做向导，
Theyguidedustotheoffice.
他们带领我们到了办公室。
领导；引导；指导，影响；支配；操纵
Beguidedbyyourfeeling.
按你的感觉行事。
引导，指引
guidedmetomyseat;
带我到我的座位上去；
guideashipthroughachannel.
引领轮船通过海峡
v.intr.（不及物动词）
guide,conduct,lead,steer作为动词在一起比较的一般含义是“领”、“导”或“引”。
guide(抽象名词guidance，具体名词guide“向导”)是通用词，可以用于“为别人带路”、“指导别人的学习、品行修养”，它的内涵是避免走弯路或遇到危险
Thousandsoflanternsslowlydriftouttoseaguidingthedeadontheirreturnjourneytotheotherworld.
数千只灯笼慢慢向大海漂去，给死人返回阴间指明道路。
Atthetopofthebankmyguidepausedandlookedbackatme.
我的向导在河岸上稍停了一下，并且回头看了看我。
HeisnowstudyingundertheguidanceofProfessorGreen.
他现在正在格林教授的指导下学习。
而conduct(抽象名词conductance“传导力”，具体名词conductor“向导者”，公共汽车等的“售票员”)在表示“指导”、“引导”时含有明显的主从关系，即被引导者不服从是不可以的
Thepolicemaneventuallyhadhishandstiedupandconductedhimtoashelter.
警察最后把他的双手绑了起来并把他带到一个防空洞。
Doyoupreferconductedtoursorindependenttravel?
你是喜欢跟着导游还是喜欢独立地去旅行？
lead(抽象名词leadership“领导”，具体名词leader“领袖”、“领队”)可以表示“领导”、“带路”，但它总含有领导者走在前面，而把被领导者控制在自己的权威之下，或被领导者处于秩序井然的状态中的意思
Ourguideledusthroughaseriesofcaves.
我们的向导带领着我们穿过一个接一个的洞穴。
steer(抽象名词steerage“操纵”，具体名词steersman“舵手”)一般表示“驾驶”、“掌舵”，但常用于比喻，词义引伸后有“操纵”、“指导”的意思。尤其适用于表示“指导着度过难关”的意义
TheCuttySarkrolledfromsidetosideanditbecameimpossibletosteerher.
卡蒂萨克号向两侧摇晃着，驾驶这只船是不可能的了。
Soonthecountrywillbesteeredtopeaceandprosperity.
这个国家很快便会被带入和平与繁荣之境。
词组：
1）passon
传递；前进，传下来；传给（后代），离去；往前
Letusnowpassontothenextsubject.
现在让我们看看下一个题目。
2）putforward
提出：提议以供考虑：
putforwardanewplan.
提出一个新计划
3）comeacross
偶然遇到或找到：
cameacrossmyoldcollegeroommateintowntoday.
今天在镇上遇到我大学的老同学
给予印象：
“Hecomesacrossasaverysincere,religiousindividual”(WilliamL.Clay)
“他给人的印象是一个很虔诚的、笃实的人”(威廉L.克莱)
4）notonly….butalso
一、主要用法：
1、连接主语：
NotonlyIbutalsoTomandMaryarefoundofwatchingtelevision.
不仅我，而且汤姆和玛丽都喜欢看电视。
由于notonlyAbutalsoB句式的重点在B上，所以谓语动词一般要与B保持人称和数的一致。
2、连接谓语：
TheAmericansandtheBritishnotonlyspeakthesamelanguagebutalsosharealargenumberofsocialcustoms.
英国人和美国人不但语言相同，而且有很多相同的风俗习惯。
注意notonly…butalso连接的动词一般不重复，这与汉语不同。如汉语说“我不仅懂英语，而且懂俄语”，英语则说“IknownotonlyEnglishbutalsoRussian”，而不说“InotonlyknowEnglishbutalsoknowRussian”.再如：“气体不仅改变形状，而且改变体积”，英译为“Agaschangesnotonlyinshapebutalsoinvolume.”（注意介词常重复）
3、连接宾语：
Theproblemfortherecipientwastryingtoguessnotonlywhothesenderwas,butalsowhathissecretfeelingsmightbe.
收信人不仅要尽力猜出是谁的，还要猜测寄信人的内心有什么想法。
4、连接表语：
Shakespearewasnotonlyawriterbut(also)anactor.
莎士比亚不仅是一位剧作家，而且是一位演员。
5、连接宾语补足语：
Lightandbrightcolorsmakepeoplenotonlyhappierbutmoreactive.
浅色和鲜艳的颜色不但使人看了高兴，也会使人更加活泼。
6、连接状语：
Ifyourfriendremindsyoukindlyofyourfaults,takewhathesaysnotmerelypleasantlybutthankfully.
如果你的朋友善意的指明你的缺点，你不但要欣然接受，而且要心怀感激之情。
7、连接从句：
Hedidn’tletusoffthebookuntilwehadprovednotonlythatweknowwhatanorganismwasburalsothatwehadthefortitudetostandupforthetruth.
直到我们证明了我们不仅知道什么是生物体，而且具有坚持真理的不屈不挠的精神时，他这才放过我们。
8、连接定语：
Manhasbecomemasternotonlyoftheskybutalsoofthespace.
人类不仅征服了太空，而且征服了太空。
9、连接句子
Inotonlyheardit,but(also)Isawit.
我不仅听到、而且看到了它。
Notonly…butalso连接句子时，notonly可以置于句首表示强调，这是第一分句要采用倒装结构。例如：
Notonlyhasheafirst-classbrainbutalsoheisatremendouslyhardworker.
它不仅有着头等的头脑，而且工作很能吃苦。
Notonlyhadthepoormanbeenarrestedbuthehadbeensenttoprisonaswell.
这个可怜人不仅被逮捕，而且被投进监狱。
Notonlydotheprofessorshavetheirownideasonthematter,butthestudentshavetheirstoo.
对这件事不仅教授们有自己的看法，学生们也有自己的想法。
10、用于itis…that强调结构：
Itisnotonlythescientistandthephysicianwhoneedalongspecialtrainingnow,butthecomputerexpert,theaccountant,andthebusinessmanager.
现在，不仅科学家和医生需要长时期的专门训练，计算机专家、会计师和企业经理也需要这种训练。
二、notonly…but的省略及其变体
1、notonly…butalso中的also可以省略。有人认为该句型所连接的第二部分最高级形容词或它所表示的范围、程度、影响等超过第一部分时，常将also省略。例如：
Hewasnotonlyasuccessfulwriterbut(also)thegreatestpoetofhistime.
它不仅是一位成功的作家，而且还是他那个时代最伟大的诗人。
Notonlydotheysufferlesspainthanmostwomeninlabor,butthetownboastsanunusuallylowrateofinfantmortality.
这不仅使她们比大多数的妇女受痛苦，，而且是城市婴儿死亡率大大降低。
2、notonly…butalso句型一般只可以省略also，但在连接句子时，有时也可见到省略but甚至butalso的情形。例如：
NotonlywasItired,Iwasalsocold.
我不光困倦，还感到很冷。（省去了but）
Sincemoistureisneededforrain,dryairinthemorningnotonlyallowsthespidertogetanearlystart,isalsomeansadryday.
有了湿度才会下雨，因此，早晨空气干燥不仅使蜘蛛早点开始结网，而且意味着这一天不会下雨。(省去了but)
Notonlyhasshebeenanexcellentwife,shehasbeenabetterhusbandthanI’llneverbe.
她不仅是一个极其出色的妻子，而且是一个我永远也做不到的好丈夫。(省去了butalso)
3、notonly…butalso的形式比较固定，但也会出现but与also被分开的情形。例如：Notonlythemotherbutthechildrenarealsosick.
Notonlyishisrightlungaffectedbuthisleftlungisalso.
4、notonlyAbutalsoB的替代式常见的还有notonlyabutB…aswell,notonlyAbutBtoo,notmerelyAbutalsoB,notjustAbutalsoB,not…alone...but等。例如：
Injurisprudenceitisawell-knownprinciplethatjusticeshouldnotmerelybedonebutshouldalsobeseentobedone.
在法理学方面，人所共知的原则是：对受害者不仅应该公正对待，而且应当让人们看到他得到了公正的对待。
Notpoetsalone,norartists,northatsuperiororderofmindwhicharrogatestoitselfallrefinement,feelthis,butdogsandallmen.
不仅使人，艺术家以及那些自命不凡、思想杰出的人觉得如此，连狗和普通人也有同感。
三、其他注意事项：
1、“notonlyAbutalsoB”结构中的A和B通常是同等成分。由于同一成分常常由同一词类的词来担任，所以A与B常常也是同一词性，但是，也有A与B属于不同词性的情形。例如：“Heisnotonlyveryclever,butalsoaveryhardworker,andhelikestodoeverythingwell.”（他不但聪明，而且能下功夫。他喜欢把每件事都做得很好。）其中A是形容词，B是名词，但两者均在句中作表语，因此仍是正确的句子。然而，在“Henotonlyplaysthepiano,butalsotheviolin.”一句中，A是动词，B是名词，不是同一成分，因此语法学家认为此句有点欠妥，至少在书面语中就是如此。如改为“Heplaysnotonlythepiano,butalsotheviolin.”就无懈可击了，再看下面的例子：
ThesurprisegrantnotonlyenabledDadtofinishAT,buttograduatefirstinhisclass.
这笔意外的奖学金不仅是我的父亲能读完农业和技术学院，而且毕业成绩名列榜首。
2、有人认为，notonly…butalso不能用于否定句。汉语中用于否定句中的“不但…而且”在英语中要用aswellas表示。如“不但我不想看戏，而且他也不想看戏”可译作“He,aswellasI,doesn’twanttoseetheplay.”不过，这条规则也有例外，请看下面的例子:
Notonlydon’tIknowthepopulationofNepal,Idon’tknowwhereingod’sworlditis!
我不但不知道尼泊尔人口，而且连它究竟在哪里也不知道！
这个例句有几个共同点：都是连接否定分句，都是倒装句，都没有用butalso。下面一例出自一位美国作家之手，所不同的是notonly…but连接的是并列谓语，第一个动词是不定的，第二个动词则是肯定的：
Nonetheless,ashedescribedMary’sattitudesheraccomplishments,hefoundhimselfwishingthatshecaredmoreaboutthepolicesideofhislifethansheseemedto,thatshemightunderstanditasintimately,say,asthewomanoppositehim.ButthismotionseemedtohimsodisloyaltoMarythathenotonlydidnotarticulateit,butatoncetriedtosuppressit.
Notes
1Uponreachingthetopofthemountain,afeelingofhappinessandasenseofachievementwillbeexperienced.
Theprepositionuponheremeansatorimmediatelyafterthetimeoroccasionof.Theprepositiononcanalsobeusedtoexpressthesamemeaning.
Upon/OnhisarrivalinParis,thefamousfilmstarwasrecognizedandsurroundedbyhisfans.
Upon/Onhearingofthedeathofhisparents,hecriedforhours.
2Specialglovesarealsowornsothatpeopleandobjectsinthefilmcanbetouched.
Heresothatmeanswiththeaimthat,whichisusedtointroduceaclauseshowingapurpose.
Sheworkedhardsothateverythingwouldbereadyby6oclock.
Sothatcanalsomeanwiththeresultthat,whichisusedtointroduceaclause
showingaresult.
Nothingmorewasheardfromhimsothatwebegantowonderifhehadleft.
3ToaddtothevirtualworldofRealCine,smellsaregivenoutthroughsmallopeningsintheheadsets.
Hereaddtomeanstoincrease.
TheWestLakeaddstothebeautyofthecityofHangzhou.
Thisphrasecanalsobeusedlikeadd...to...
Ifyouaddtwelvetoeighty-five,yougetninety-seven.
4InscientificstudiesithasbeenshownthatVRcanprovideteenagerswithanotherwaytoexperiencetheworldandmakethemworkhardertomaketheirdreamscometrue.
HereitreferstothesubjectclausethatVRcanprovideteenagerswithanotherwaytoexperiencetheworldand...
Whenthesubjectisaclause,anemptysubjectitisoftenused,andtheorderofthesentenceisnormallychanged.
Compareeachpairofsentencesasfollows:
Whatshelookslikedoesntmatter.Itdoesntmatterwhatshelookslike.
Thatincometaxshouldbeabolishedhasactuallybeensuggested.
Ithasactuallybeensuggestedthatincometaxshouldbeabolished.
5AnargumenthasbeenputforwardthatsomeviewerswillbedisappointedbyRealCinebecauseVRisnotreal.
Herethatisusedtointroduceanappositiveclausesomeviewerswillbe
disappointedbyRealCinebecauseVRisnotreal.Thisclausereferstoanargumentandthatcannotbeomitted.
Yourbeliefthatthingswillimproveistoooptimistic.
Yoursuggestionthatweshouldpaymoreattentiontoourtablemannersisagoodone.

……
语法点津
PassiveVoice
英文动词有主动语态ActiveVoice和被动语态PassiveVoice之分。如果主语是动作或状态的「发出者」，动词就用主动语态；如果主语是动作或状态的「承受者」，动词就用被动语态。
例如：
1.JohnencouragedMary.﹝约翰鼓励玛莉。﹞
2.MarywasencouragedbyJohn.﹝玛莉受到约翰鼓励。﹞
※第一句的动词"encouraged"是主动语态；第二句的动词
"wasencouraged"是被动语态。
动词被动语态的基本形态是：
助动词BE+及物动词的过去分词(-ed分词)
动词的被动语态通常有六种时、体形式：即一般现在时、一般过去时、现在进行体、过去进行体、现在完成体和过去完成体。
1．SimplePresentTense
主动语态：Iteachhim.
被动语态：Heistaughtbyme.
2．SimplePastTense
主动语态：Itaughthimyesterday.
被动语态：Hewastaughtbymeyesterday.

3．PresentContinuousTense
主动语态：Iamteachinghim.
被动语态：Heisbeingtaughtbyme.
4．PastContinuousTense
主动语态：Iwasteachinghimwhenyoucame.
被动语态：Hewasbeingtaughtbymewhenyoucame.

5．PresentPerfectTense
主动语态：Ihavetaughthim.
被动语态：Hehasbeentaughtbyme.
6．PastPerfectTense
主动语态：Ihadtaughthimbeforeyoucame.
被动语态：Hehadbeentaughtbymebeforeyoucame.
一般将来时SimpleFutureTense也常常有这种被动语态形式
主动语态：Ishallteachhimtomorrow.
被动语态：Hewillbetaughtbymetomorrow.
动词由主动语态变为被动语态的步骤：
1.先找出谓语动词；
2.再找出谓语动词后的宾语；
3.把宾语用作被动语态中的主语；
4.注意人称、时态和数的变化。
例：1.　Brucewritesalettereveryweek.
→AletteriswrittenbyBruceeveryweek.
2.　LiLeimendedthebrokenbikethismorning.
→ThebrokenbikewasmendedbyLiLeithismorning.
3.Hehaswrittentwonovelssofar.
→Twonovelshavebeenwrittenbyhimsofar.
4.Theywillplanttentreestomorrow.
→Tentreeswillbeplantedbythemtomorrow.
5.Lucyiswritingaletternow.
→AletterisbeingwrittenbyLucynow.
6.Youmustlockthedoorwhenyouleave.
→thedoormustbelockedwhenyouleave.
三、使用被动语态应注意的几个问题：
1.不及物动词无被动语态。
Whatwillhappenin100years.
Thedinosaursdisappearedabout65millionyearsago.
2.有些动词用主动形式表示被动意义。
Thispenwriteswell.
Thisnewbooksellswell.
3.感官动词或使役动词使用省略to的动词不定式，主动语态中不带to，但变为被动语态时，须加上to。
例：makesomebodydosomething
→somebody+be+madetodosomething
seesomebodydosomething
→somebody+be+seentodosomething
Agirlsawmywalletdropwhenshepassedby.
→Mywalletwasseentodropbyagirlwhenshepassedby.
Thebossmadethelittleboydoheavywork.
→Thelittleboywasmadetodoheavyworkbytheboss.
4.如果是接双宾语的动词改为被动语态时，直接宾语(物)作主语，那么动词后要用介词，这个介词是由与其搭配的动词决定。
Hegavemeabook.
→Abookwasgiventomebyhim.
Heshowedmeaticket.
→Aticketwasshowntomebyhim.
Myfatherboughtmeanewbike.
→Anewbikewasboughtformebymyfather.
5.一些动词短语用于被动语态时，动词短语应当看作一个整体，而不能丢掉其中的介词或副词。
Wecan’tlaughhim.
→Hecan’tbelaughbyus.
Helistenstotheradioeveryday.
→Theradioislistenedtobyhimeveryday.
Thenurseistakingcareofthesickman.
→Thesickmanisbeingtakencareofbythenurse.
只要你掌握了以上一些方法，
使用被动语态的一般因由
1.不易说出动作或状态的「发出者」
例如：
Thisbuildingwascompletedin1980.
*由谁建成，不易说出。
2.不便说出动作或状态的「发出者」
例如：
ThemeetinghasbeenpostponedtillFriday.
3.动作或状态的「承受者」比「发出者」更需强调
例如：
Apressconferencewasheldlastnight.
4.为了修辞
例如：
Theteacherlovesthestudentsandislovedbythem.
态：Abookwasgivenhimbyme.
含有情态动词的被动语态构成：Modalverbsandthepassivevoice
情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词
Studentswilllearnhowtousemodalverbsinthepassivevoicetoexpressability,possibility,duty,permission,etc.Theyarealsoexpectedtolearntousemodalverbsinthepassivevoiceinthepresentandthepasttenses.
Youngtreesmustbewateredoften.
Yourmistakesshouldbecorrectedrightnow.
Thedoormaybelockedinside.
Yourhomeworkcanbehandedintomorrow.
Verbsoftenusedinthepassivevoice
Herestudentswilllearnsomeoftheverbsthatareoftenusedinthepassivevoice.Andtheyshouldknowthattheseverbsfunctionasadjectives.
Theteachermaybeginthispartbyaskingstudentstocompletesomesentencesbychoosingoneofthetwowordsgiven.Thewordsinboldarethecorrectanswers.Forexample,
1.Thechildrenaregettingaboutthecomingholiday.(exciting;excited)
2.Dontyougetofarguingaboutthesamethingallthetime?(tiring;tired)
3.JoanisntverygoodatPhysics,soeveryonewaswhenshepassedtheexam.(surprising;surprised)
4.AllofuswereverylastSaturdaybecauseourteamlostthegame.(disappointing;disappointed)
5.Itwassnowinglastnight.Soeverythingiswithsnowthismorning.(covering;covered)
6.Myparentsarequitewithmytestresults.(pleasing;pleased)
7.Bothofthemarewiththearrangement.(satisfying;satisfied)
Askstudentswhytheychoosetheverb-edformsbutnotverb-ingforms.
注：黑体字为答案。
自主演练
A．单项填空
1、It’ssaidthataboutaquarterof_______Europeancanspeak_________foreignlanguagebesidestheirnativelanguage.
Athe;aBan;theCthe;theD不填；不填
2、Ilike________intheautumnwhentheweatherisclearandbright.
AthisBeitherCitDone
3、DoyoureallybelievethatMr.Whitehasblamedusfortheaccident,especially________?
AyouandmeBIandyouCyouandIDyouandme
4、AsfarasIamconcerned,educationisaboutlearningandthemoreyoulearn,__________.
Athemoreforlifeareyouequipped
Bthemoreequippedforlifeyouare
Cthemorelifeyouareequippedfor
Dyouareequippedthemoreforlife
5、Americaneat______astheyactuallyneedeveryday.
AtwiceasmuchproteinBtwiceproteinasmuchtwice
CtwiceproteinasmuchDproteinastwicemuch
6、JasonhasbeenpreparingcarefullyforhisEnglishexaminationsothathecouldbesureofpassingitathisfirst_________.
ApurposeBdesireCattemptDintention
7、JohnandI________friendsforeightyears.WefirstgottoknoweachotherataChristmasparty.Butwe________eachotheracoupleoftimesbeforethat.
Ahadbeen;havebeenBhavebeen;havebeen
Chadbeen;hadseenDhavebeen;hadseen
8、I________whilereadingtheEnglishtextbook.Luckily,myroommatewokemeupintime.
AhadfallenasleepBhavefallenasleepCfellasleepDfallasleep
9、Nowthatsheisoutofajob,Lucy_________goingbacktoschool,butshehasn’tdecidedyet.
AhadconsideredBhasbeenconsidering
CconsideredDisgoingtoconsider
10、ThemayorofBeijingsaysthatallconstructionworkfortheBeijingOlympics________by2006.
AhasbeencompletedBhascompleted
CwillhavebeencompletedDwillhavecompleted
11、Thefirstuseofatomicweaponswasin1945,andtheirpower________increasedenormouslyeversince.
AisBwasChasbeenDhadbeen
12、Morepatients________inhospitalthisyearthanlastyear.
AtreatedBhavetreatedChadbeentreatedDhavebeentreated
13、Susandecidednottoworkontheprogramathomebecauseshedidn’twantherparentstoknowwhatshe_________.
AhasdoneBhaddoneCwasdoingDisdoing
14、Monthsagowesailedtenthousandmilesacrossthisopensea,which_________thePacific,andwemetnostorms.
AwascalledBiscalledChadbeencalledDhasbeencalled
15、________inthequeueforhalfanhour,Tomsuddenlyrealizedthathehadlefthiswalletathome.
ATowaitBHavewaitedCHavingwaitedDTohavewaited
16、ItissaidthatBarbara’ssisterfelloffherbicycleonherwaytoschool,_________intheleftleg.
AseriouslydamagingBhurtingbadly
CbreakingseriouslyDbadlyhurt
17、Oh,I’mnotfeelingwellinthestomach.I_______somuchfriedchickenjustnow.
Ashouldn’teatBmustn’thaveeaten
Cshouldn’thaveeatenDmustn’teat
18、Itseemsasifthesun________roundtheearthsinceitrisesintheeastandsetsinthewest.
AcirclesBiscirclingChasbeencirclingDwerecircling
19、Theymusthavebeenenjoyingthemselvesthere,otherwisethey_________solong.
Acan’thavestayedBwouldn’thavestayed
Cneedn’thavestayedDcouldn’tstay
20、Afastfoodrestaurantistheplace________,justasthesamesuggests,eatingisperformedquickly.
AwhichBwhereCthereDwhat
B．短文填空
Theyearis2094.Ithasbeenannouncedthatacomet（彗星）isheadingtowardstheEarth.Mostofitwillmissourplanet,buttwopieceswillprobablythesouthernhalfoftheEarth.
______17July,apiecefourkilometerswideenterstheEarth’s（大气层）withamassiveexplosion.Abouthalfofthepieceisdestroyed,buttheparthitstheSouthAtlanticat200timestheofsound.Theseaboilsandahugeholeismadeintheseabed.Hugewavesarecreatedandspreadfromthehole.Thewallofwater,akilometerhigh,rushestowardssouthernAfricaat800kilometersanhour.CitiesontheAfricanaretotallydestroyedandmillionsofpeopleare_______.
BeforethewavesreachSouthAmerica,thesecondpieceofthecometinArgentina.EarthquakesandvolcanoesareoffintheAndesMountains.TheshockmovenorthintoCaliforniaandallaroundthePacificOcean.ThecitiesofLosAngeles,SanFranciscoandTokyoarecompletelybyearthquakes.Millionsofpeopleinthesouthernhalfoftheeartharealreadydead,thenorthwon’tforlong.Becauseoftheexplosions,thesunishiddenbycloudsofdust,temperaturesaroundtheworldtoalmostzero.Cropsareruined.Thesunwon’tbeseenagainformanyyears.WarsbreakoutascountriesfightforAyearlater,nomorethan10millionpeopleremain.
Coulditreallyhappen?Infact,ithasalreadyhappenedmorethanonceinthehistoryoftheEarth.Thedinosaurs（恐龙）wereontheEarthforover160millionyears.Then65millionyearsagotheysuddenlydisappeared.ManyscientistsbelievethattheEarthwashitbyapieceofobjectin.Thedinosaurscouldn’tlive
________thecoldclimatethatfollowedandtheydiedout.Willwemeetthesameend
C．词汇题
1、Acourier______theparcelsexpectedforalongtimetoouroffice.
AtookBaddressedCdeliveredDgave
2、Weweremostimpressed________yourefficiency.
AinBonCwithDupon
3、ThePrimeMinisterofGreatBritain________thathewouldresign.
AannouncedBpredictedCreportedDcircularized
4、Thethiefwhowasontheredcoat________hertohandoverthemoney.
AletBforcedCforbadeDfraud
5、Thereisan_______filmaboutahighlygiftedchildwhosepictureoftenappearedinthenewspaper.
AspecialBunusualCadditionalDextraordinary
6、------I’msorryIsteppedoutsideforasmoke.Iwasverytired.
-------Thereisno_______forthiswhileyouareonduty.
AreasonBexcuseCcauseDexplanation
7、Idecidedtoputyourname_______forbasketballclubsecretary.
AonBinCforwardDthrough
8、Passthebook________tomewhenyou’vefinishedwithit.
AoutBbyConDover
9、Oneoftheconsequencesofourplanet’sbeingwarmingupisa(n)________inthenumberofnaturaldisasters.
AresultBaccountCreasonDincrease
10、Nomatterwhatyoudo,youshouldputyour________intoit.
AmindBheartCbrainDthought
11、Thereareusuallyatleasttwo________oflookingateveryquestion.
AmeansBdirectionsCviewsDways
12、Mychest________whenImakeadeepbreath,doctor.
AharmsBwoundsChurtsDinjuries
13、Iwrotehimalettertoshowmy_________ofhisthoughtfulness.
AachievementBagreementCattentionDappreciation
14、Oneoftheadvantagesoflivingonthetopfloorofahigh-riseisthatyoucangetagood________.
AsightBsceneCattentionDappreciation
15、Wehave_______themeetingforwardbyoneweekaccordingtotheheadmaster’srequirement.
AputBlookCmoveDlet
D．改错题
WeallknowthepyramidsinEgyptandmostof1.______
usdon’tknowthepeopleinMexicointheoldtimealso2.______
builtpyramids.Theydidn’tbuildthemtotombs.The　3.______
pyramidsinMexicoaren’tashighasthatinEgypt,but4.______
theyarebig.Eachonepyramidhasawidestairway5.______
uptothetop.Thereisnothinginsidethepyramids,　6.______
onlyearthandstones.Scientiststhinkittakesone　7.______
thousandmenmorethantenyearsbuildthebiggestone.8.______
Howdidhepeoplebuildthepyramids?Scientistshad9.______
Studiedforyears,butnoonecansaywhattheydidit.10.______
E.单句翻译
1.好的传统应该一代一代往下传。(passon)

2.他的父亲强迫他戒烟。(forcesb.todosth.)

3.这个有着非凡的舞蹈天赋的女孩是我们的班长。(extraordinary)

4.他想通过付额外的薪水来使他的员工留下印象。(impress)

5.如果我有一个生日舞会，我会立刻通知我的朋友。(announce)

6.他今天没来上学的原因是他妈妈病了。(thereason……isthat….)

7.我准备递送这只钻戒，因为我知道我无论给谁他都会喜欢。(deliver)

8.我们应该提出一个有效的方法来改善我们的英语学习。(putforward…)

9.每个人都应该通过自己的行为为下一代树立榜样。(setup)

10.他带领我们从一个胜利走向另一个胜利。(guide)

F.书面表达
某英文报“读者来信”专栏正在就高三学生家长是否应该为孩子购置电脑这一话题开展讨论。有赞同的，也有反对的。请你向该报编辑写一封英文信，发表你的观点。
信的开头已写好，你只需接着写。
注意：
1．下面的提示可能会帮助你构思：
A.moreinformation?
improveEnglish?
learningsoftware(学习软件)?
enjoyoneself?
….
B.computergames
short-sighted
wasteofmoney
failtheexams
…
2．你不必根据上面的提示逐条进行写作，可自由发挥。
3．词数：70以上。
Deareditor,
ImastudentofSeniorThree.Ithinkmyparentsshouldbuymeacomputernow.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

多彩世界
训练学生思维，体现创新精神，输入新材料，提高阅读欣赏能力，丰富和超越教材目标。
A.提供或设计与单元话题相关的情景材料，进行说写训练。
Situation1:…
EuropeanShuttlePrototypeLandsSafely
导读：欧洲航空防务与空间公司“凤凰号”航天飞机模型在瑞典成功试飞。
Sun,May09,2004
STOCKHOLM,Sweden(瑞典首都-斯德哥尔摩)-AnunmannedprototypeofaEuropeanspaceshuttleglidedsafelybacktoEarthonSaturdayafterbeingdroppedfromnearly8,000feetupbyahelicopter.
GuidedbyGlobalPositioningSystemsatellites(全球定位卫星),theGerman-designedEADS(欧洲航空防务与空间公司)Phoenixwasdroppedbyaheavy-dutyhelicopteroverSwedenat9:45a.m.and"landedperfectly"90secondslateronatestrunwaynorthofStockholm,aprojectspokeswomansaid.
"Everyonehereisecstatic,"saidJohannaBergstroem-Roos,oftheNorthEuropeanAerospaceTestRangeinKiruna,770milesnorthofStockholm.
"Thisgivesuswindinoursails."
ThePhoenixshuttle,alongwiththeAriane5rocket,representstheEuropeanSpaceAgencyshopeforsendingastronautsintospace,butprojectmanagersconcedeafull-sizeversionwillnotbereadyuntilsometimebetweenand2020.
ThetestflightwasoriginallyplannedforFridaybutwaspostponedsotechnicianscouldfinishanalyzingdatafromanearliertestofthevehiclesonboardcomputersthisweek.
Thenextsteplikelywillbetodroptheprototypefromhigheraltitudes,withthehelpofahigh-altitudeballoon,Bergstroem-Roossaid.Thefinishedshuttlemustbecapableofglidingtolandfromanaltitudeof80miles,shesaid.
Situation2:…Asmotorwaysbecomemoreandmorecloggedupwithtraffic,anewgenerationofflyingcarswillbeneededtoferrypeoplealongskyways.
ThatistheverdictofengineersfromtheUSspaceagencyandaeronauticalfirms,whoenvisionfuturecommuterstravellingby"skycar".
Thesecouldlookmuchliketheconceptskycarshowninthepicture,designedbyBoeingresearchanddevelopment.
However,suchvehiclescouldbesome25yearsfromappearingonthemarket.
Effortstobuildflyingvehiclesinthepasthavenotbeenverysuccessful.
Suchvehicleswouldnotonlybeexpensiveandrequiretheskillsofatrainedpilottofly,buttherearesignificantengineeringchallengesinvolvedindevelopingthem.
"Whenyoutrytocombinethemyougettheworstofbothworlds:averyheavy,slow,expensivevehiclethatshardtouse,"saidMarkMoore,headofthepersonalairvehicle(PAV)divisionofthevehiclesystemsprogramatNasasLangleyResearchCenterinHampton,US.
ButBoeingisalsoconsideringhowtopolicetheairways-andpreventtotalpandemonium-ifthousandsofflyingcarsentertheskies.
"Theneat,gee-whizpartisthinkingaboutwhatwouldthevehicleitselflooklike,"saidDickPaul,avicepresidentwithPhantomWorks,Boeingsresearchanddevelopmentarm.
"Butweretryingtothinkthroughalltheramificationsofwhatwouldittaketodeployafleetofthese."
Pastproposalstosolvethisproblemhaveincludedartificialintelligencesystemstopreventcollisionsbetweenairtraffic.
Nasaisworkingonflyingvehicleswiththeinitialgoaloftransformingsmallplanetravel.
Smallplanesaregenerallycostly,loud,requiremonthsoftrainingandlotsofmoneytooperate,makingflyingtoworkimpracticalformostpeople.
Butwithinfiveyears,Nasaresearchershopetodeveloptechnologyforasmallplanethatcanflyoutofregionalairports,costslessthan$100,000(￡55,725),isasquietasamotorcycleandassimpletooperateasacar.
Althoughitwouldnothaveanyroad-drivingcapabilities,itwouldbringthisformoftravelwithinthegraspofawidersectionofpeople.Technologywouldautomatemanyofthepilotsfunctions.
ThisSmallAircraftTransportationSystem(Sats)woulddivertpressureawayfromthe"hub-and-spoke"modelofairtravel.
Hub-and-spokereferstothetypicallyUSmodelofpassengersbeingprocessedthroughlarge"hub"airportsandthenontosecondaryflightsto"spoke"airportsneartheirfinaldestination.由于高速公路上的交通堵塞情况越来越严重，一种能够载人穿梭在“空中高速路”上的新一代“飞车”将成为需要。
这就是美国国家航空航天局和一些航空公司的工程师们的意见，他们预测未来人类将会乘坐“飞车”旅行。
这些车可能会和图片中见到的波音公司研发中心设计的概念飞车很相像。
然而，这样的交通工具可能需要25年左右的时间才能投放市场。
人类在过去制造飞车的努力一直都不是很成功。
这样的交通工具汽车耗资不菲，而且要求驾驶者具备像训练有素的飞行员一样的驾驶技巧；不仅如此，在研制过程中还面临工程学方面的严峻挑战。
马克摩尔是美国国家航空航天局兰利研究中心（位于汉普顿）汽车系统项目组“个人空中交通工具（PAV）”小组的负责人，他说：“当你试图将各个方面组合起来时，得到的是一辆最糟糕的车：非常笨重，速度又慢，价格还高，总之驾驶起来很不方便。”
但波音公司同时也在考虑，在上千辆“飞车”进入空中的情况下如何对空中通道进行管理，防止交通陷入彻底的混乱。
波音公司研发部门“幻影工程队”的副总裁迪克保罗说：“最关键和最精彩的是设计出这种交通工具本身，但是我们也在全力考虑当这样一支车队投入运行后可能出现的所有情况。”
关于如何解决这个问题，以往就有一些建议，包括使用人工智能系统来防止空中交通工具之间发生碰撞。
B.一篇阅读文章。
GauriNandaseesawearablecomputerasa...handbag--onethatsbuiltoutoffour-inchsquaresandtrianglesoffabric,withtinycomputerchipsembeddedinit.
AssembledtogetherwithVelcrothatconductselectricity,thesepiecesformabagthatlooks,feels,andweighslikeyourtypicalleatherpurse.
Thatswherethesimilaritiesend:Thisbagcanwirelesslykeeptabsonyourbelongingsandremindyou,justasyoureabouttoleavethehouse,totakeyourwallet.Itcanreviewtheweatherreportandsuggestthatyougrabanumbrella--oryoursunshades.Thispursecanevenuploadyourfavoritesongsontoyourscarf.
Sure,acomputingpurseandscarfsetmayseemlikethestuffofsciencefiction.Butthesedevices,partofnextgenerationofwearablecomputers,couldbecomecommonplacewithinafewyears.Unitshipmentsofsuchwearablecomputers--purses,watches,shirts--shouldrisefrom261,000lastyearto1.39millionin2008,accordingtothetechresearchfirmIDC.
Poweringthismarketareadvancementsindesignandinfabric-embeddedelectronics.Overthelasttwoyears,DuPont(DD)creatednewfiberscalledAracon,madeofKevlar,thataresuperstrong,canconductelectricity,andcanbewovenintoordinary-lookingclothes.AndchipmakerInfineon(IFX)developedchippackagingallowingwearablecomputerstobewashed,evenintheheavy-dutycycle.
Asaresult,thesenewwearablesareafarcryfromtheclunkyanddownrightsillyversionsoftherecentpast,whichoftenrequireduserstobewrappedinwires,typeontheirstomachs,andsportanunseemlydisplayontheirforeheads."Cyborgcomputingwasveryclunky,verybulkymachinesthatpeopledidntwanttocarryaround,"saysNanda,aresearcherattheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnologyinCambridge,Mass."Ourbagsfeelandlooklikebags."
Unliketheirpredecessors,thesenewwearablecomputersalsomakeeconomicsense.Whenherbagbecomescommerciallyavailableintwotothreeyears,Nandaexpectsitwillcostaround$150,whichisthepriceofanaverageleatherpurse.Only"itsfun,youcanripapartandputtogetheracomputer,"shesays.
Hereshowthebagworks:Youplaceaspecialradio-signal-transmittingchipontoyourwallet.Asimilarradioinyourpursepicksupthesignalandnotifiesyouthatyouveforgottentotakeyourwallet.Inturn,sensorsonyourpurseshandleswillnotifythecomputerthatyouvepickedupthepurseandarereadytogo.
Suchunobtrusive,inconspicuous,andfundevicesshouldgrabmorethan80%ofthetotalwearablecomputingmarketby2008,whilecyborgianwearablePCswillremainaniche,saysIDCanalystKevinBurden.Already,thesenewkindsofwearablesarebeingadoptedforuseinmarketslikeautorepair,emergencyservices,medicalmonitoring--andeven,increasingly,forconsumersatlarge.
Wearablesarealsoslowlymakingtheirwayintotheauto-repairmarket.AcompanycalledMicrovision(MVIS)recentlyintroduceditsNomadhead-mounteddisplay.Itcoversoneeye,butitssee-through,allowingautotechnicianstoexaminetheinnardsofacarandcheckthemagainston-screencomputerdrawingsatthesametime.Itcomesasabaseballcapclip-on,tobemoreunobtrusive.
Sofar,itsahit:AtJimFisherVolvodealershipinPortland,Ore.,whichhasbeentestingthesystemforaboutsevenmonths,productivityoftechnicianswentup10%to20%,saysServiceManagerJohnProsser.Betteryet,customerstalkingtotechnicianswhoarewearingthesecontraptionsalsoaremorelikelytoagreetorepairs,pushingrevenueup15%to18%.SaysProsser:"Thismakes[technicians]wanttogetinvolvedandtocrossthisbridgeofreluctance"inusinganewtechnology.
Indeed,manymorepeoplewillwanttocrossthatbridgeinthecomingyears--makingforaboomingmarketforwearablecomputersthatdontlooklikesomethingoutofanoldStarTrekepisode.
最新型的可穿着电脑产品在外观方面与普通衣物几乎没有什么两样，而售价的降低和功能的丰富也许会使它成为未来人类不可或缺的工具之一。
Thelatestgenerationoftheseever-smartergarmentslooklikeordinaryclothes,assembledtogetherwithVelcrothatconductselectricity,thesepiecesformabagthatlooks,feels,andweighslikeyourtypicalleatherpurse.
你能否想象一台仅仅4英寸大小的电脑？用户可以方便地随身携带，重量与一件普通的皮夹克差不多。它，就是“可穿着式电脑”。最新型的可穿着电脑产品在外观方面与普通衣物几乎没有什么两样，而售价的降低和功能的丰富也许会使它成为未来人类不可或缺的工具之一。
据美国《商业周刊》3月8日报道，这种“小家伙”可以帮助用户通过无线方式与主人的其他财物保持联系，并随时随地提醒用户一些生活细节。当用户离开房间的时候，它会乖巧地提醒主人不要忘记携带钱包；在主人出行时，它会自动查询天气预报，帮助主人做到未雨绸缪；它甚至还可以在主人穿着的围脖中加入喜欢的歌曲。
的确，这些高科技的电脑更多情况下只能出现在科幻小说的情节当中。不过，根据市场调查机构IDC提供的预测数据，下一代“可穿着式电脑”产品在未来几年中将成为市场上的常见商品。IDC预测，这种高科技产品的销量，包括电脑钱包、电脑手表、电脑T恤，将从去年的26万台提高到2008年的139万台。
高科技电脑产品的背后都有着坚实的技术支柱。过去两年中，美国杜邦公司发明了一种新型的纤维材质，名为Aracon。这种材料具有超高强度并可导电，最重要的是，它可以被任意地折叠并制作成衣服。芯片制造商英飞凌（Infineon）公司也开发了一款专门用于可穿着电脑产品的芯片包，这种芯片包可以在衣物电脑被水洗的过程中保护芯片的安全。
与上一代昂贵的可穿着电脑不同，新型产品在售价方面更加廉价。IDC预计，在未来两到三年内，可穿着电脑的平均售价将降至每台150美元。这个价格已接近普通皮夹克的售价，为产品的普及奠定了坚实的基础。
目前，这种产品已被应用于医疗服务领域。美国经营健康产品的Apex公司计划在本月晚些时候，将这种可穿着式电脑应用于帮助用户减肥方面，此款产品可随时计算出用户所消耗的热量并科学地调节减肥者的膳食结构；加州一些医学院及制药公司则将可穿着电脑应用于病人实时监控方面，以便让医生随时观察病人的心跳、血压、呼吸等数据。
随着可穿着电脑产品的广泛应用，也许再过几年电影《星球大战》中描述的那种科学世界将真正来临。

Unit3
合作探究
mainideas
Para1theabstractoftheproposal
Para2----7howReaICineworks;
whyRealCineisbetterthanordinarycinema;
howitcanbeusedinotherways
Para8conclusionoftheproposal
自主演练
A．单项填空
答案及解析：
1、AtheEuropean表类指；aforeignlanguage为泛指
2、C在like/love/hateitwhen…这个结构中，it可以解释为形式宾语，但是与我们所熟悉的it作形式宾语的复合结构不同的是，在它之后没有形容词或名词作宾语补足语。
3、A作blame的宾语，所以都应当用宾格形式。
4、B从所提供的情景themoreyoulearn，并结合所给的选项可以确定这是“the+比较级+陈述句，the+比较级+陈述句”的句型，表示“越……越……”。这句话的意思是：我认为，教育是关于学习的事，你学得越多，你对生活准备得就越充分。
5、A倍数词+as…as意为“是……多少倍”
6、Cpurpose目的，意图;desire愿望，请求;attempt尝试;intention意图，意向，目的。从题意“他已经仔细准备了英语考试以确保一次通过考试”可以看出C是正确答案。
7、D第一空为现在完成时，与一段时间状语连用(foreightyears)；第二空：在一次晚会上认识之前就见过，正是“过去的过去”的一个动作，故选D
8、根据woke（wake的过去式）可以判断，这里谈论的与“现在”无关，因此可排除B和D两项。“I”是在读书期间睡着的(whilereading)，而不是在之前睡着的，所以项也不恰当。
9、B句意：因为Lucy失业了，所以她在考虑重返校园，但她现在还没有决定。根据题意说话者再说现在的情况，因此排除A、C、D三项，B属现在完成进行时，表示现在的事，进行时强调“考虑”这个动作的“未完成性”，所以是最佳答案。
10、C句意：北京市市长说所有北京奥林匹克建筑将于2006年完成。此题考查英语动词的语态和时态，很显然本题应改用被动语态，因此排除B、D；根据时间状语by2006，应选择将来完成时，因此选C
11、C根据evensince(从那时，一直到现在），所以应该用现在完成时，排除A、B、D项。
12、D病人被治疗，又有时间thisyear，应用现在完成时的被动语态。
13、C整个句子是基于过去时态，A和D两项为现在时态显然不对。再由句意“Susan决定不在家里，因为她不想让父母知道她正在做什么”可知还没有做完，故C项正确，进行体有未完成性、暂时性的特点。
14、B现在“thisopensea”仍然被称作“thePacific”，属于客观事实，故用一般现在时。
15、C本题考查非谓语动词作状语。先排除B项，因为B项是谓语动词形式，不可作状语；A、D两项为不定式形式放在句首时常作目的状语，这显然与本题逻辑上不符。
16、D句意：据说Barbara的姐姐在上学的路上从自行车上摔了下来，左腿上的很重。首先排除A、C项，因不符合习惯用法。Hurt为及物动词，故应选D这个过去分词短语作结果状语。
17、Cjustnow是表示过去的时间状语。情态动词在表示过去发生的事时，必须用“情态动词+should+过去分词”的形式。所以只能在选项B或C中确定答案。mustn’thaveeaten是一个错误选项，因为“must+动词”表示“禁止”，不表示判断或推断。这句话的意思是：哦，我觉得胃不舒服，我刚刚不该吃那么多炸鸡。
18、Dasif从句所谈的情况与实际情况相反使用虚拟语气。
19、BTheymusthavebeenenjoyingthemselvesthere表示对过去的确有的把握的推测，他们一定在那玩的很高兴。后面是：否则他们就不会待那么长时间了。wouldn’thavestayed这里表示于过去事实相反的虚拟。
20、B本题中，justasthenamesuggests是一个插入语，去掉它，重新组合本句：Afastfoodrestaurantistheplacewhereeatingisperformedquickly.其中eating是动名词，在从句中作主语，句子结构完整，因此答案只能选B，作状语。全句意思为：顾名思义，快餐店是一个就餐快的地方。
B．短文填空
hit,On,atmosphere,remaining,speed,outwards,coast,drowned,lands,set,waves,destroyed,but,escape,hidden,fall,food,alive,space,through
C．词汇题
1、B.deliversthtosb/sth表示递送；传递；交付；运载。
2、C.impresssbwithsth/sb使钦佩，给…留下深刻的好印象
3、Aannounce表示宣布、宣告（决定、计划等）
4、Bforcesbtodosth表示强迫某人做某事
5、Dextraordinaryadj.非常的,特别的,非凡的,特派的
6、B句意：你是当班长的，关于这件事，没有任何借口。
7、Cputforward意为：提名
8、Cputsthontosb意为：转交；（用后）递给，传给
9、D句意：我们的地球正在变暖的后果之一就是自然灾害的数量的增加。
10、Bputone’sheartinto的意思是“专心致志”
11、D看问题至少从两个方面
12、C“医生，当我深呼吸的时候，胸口感到疼痛。”比较四个词的词义：harm损害；wound受伤；hurt刺痛；injury受伤。hurt作不及物动词时，是“疼痛”的意思。
13、D比较四个词的词义：achievement成就；agreement赞同；attention注意，专心；appreciation感谢，欣赏。根据句意：对他的关怀表示的应是“谢意”，故选D
14、C住在高层建筑的顶层的优势之一是能看到好的景色。比较四个词的词义：sight风景名胜、视力；scene一个地区的自然景色或人为的环境；view多只从山上或向窗外远看的景色；look神色、外表。
15、Aputsthforward推迟；句意：根据校长的要求，会议往后推迟了一个星期。
D．改错题
1.and→but2.time→times3.to→for　4.that→those　5.去掉one　
6.√7.takes→took　8.build前加to9.had→have　10.what→how　
E．单句翻译
1.Goodcustomsshouldbepassedononebyonegeneration.
2.Hisfatherforcedhimtogiveupsmoking.
3.Thegirlwhohasanextraordinarydancingtalentisourmonitor.
4.Hewantedtoimpresshisemployeesbypayingthemextramoney.
5.IfIhaveabirthdayparty,Iwillannounceittomyfriendsatonce.
6.Thereasonwhyhedidn’tgotoschooltodayisthathismotherwasill.
7.ImgoingtodeliverthisdiamondringbecauseIknowwhoeverImgivingtowouldlikeit
8.WeshouldputforwardaneffectivewaytoimproveourEnglishstudy.
9.Everybodyshouldsetupanexampletothenextgenerationviahisownbehavior.
10.Heguidedusfromonesuccesstoanother.
F.书面表达
Possibleversion
Deareditor,
ImastudentofSeniorThree.Ithinkmyparentsshouldbuymeacomputernow.Asweknow,computershavebeenofgreatuseandwillbeusedmoreandmoreinourdailylife.BesidecomputersarealsohelpfulinourEnglishlearning.TherearepilesoflearningsoftwarewecanusIdontseeanythingwrongforustospendsometimeplayinggames.Afterall,weneedsomethingtoenjoyourselves.
Onemoreword,withcomputerswecangetmoreinformationandgetmoreknowledge.Dontyouagree?
Areader

相关知识

Unit3Tomorrow’sWorld单元学案

一名优秀的教师在教学方面无论做什么事都有计划和准备，作为高中教师就要精心准备好合适的教案。教案可以让学生们有一个良好的课堂环境，帮助高中教师能够更轻松的上课教学。优秀有创意的高中教案要怎样写呢？考虑到您的需要，小编特地编辑了“Unit3Tomorrow’sWorld单元学案”，欢迎阅读，希望您能阅读并收藏。

Unit3Tomorrow’sWorld单元学案

学习目标

1．词汇：reality,extraordinary,character,interactive,set,upon,feeling,headset,enable,monitor,via,deliver,straw,final,besides,firefighter,burn,battle,whale,ant,fantastic,opportunity,industry,impress,announce,liquid,soap,powder,showcase,employ,accuse,file,popularity,criticize,fade,editor,therefore,voice,opinion,crash,nephew,central,surface,southern,hero,gentle,journey,per,rescue,force,guide,safely.

2．词组、短语：passon,thousandsof,beconnectedto,putforward,lastbutnotleast,setup,inmyopinion,comeacross,notonly….butalso.

3．语法、结构：1)Thepassivevoice

2)Modalverbsandthepassivevoice

3)Verbsoftenusedinthepassivevoice

4．技能指导：

Bytheendofthisunit,studentswillbeablet

1）readaformalproposalandsummariesofthreesciencefictionnovels

2）listentofactsandopinionsandaninterviewaboutcomputeruse

3）Discussviewsontechnologyandinterviewaclassmate

4）Writeaproposalforacomputerroomandashortsciencefictionstory

5）Expandvocabularyrelatedtocomputer

合作探究

Welcometotheunit

1．导入：Thegeneralideaofthisperiod

Thepicturesandthequestionsofthispartmakestudentstakenoticeofthelifeinthefuture.Withtherapiddevelopmentofscienceandtechnology,someofourwildestdreamscouldcometrueinthefuture.

Reading

体验：Readingcomprehension

Thearticleinthissectionisabusinessproposalwhichintroducesanewbusinessidea.AskstudentstoskimandscantheproposalandtrytofindanswerstothethreequestionsinPartA.Remindstudentsonlytofocusonthemostimportantinformationneededtoanswerthesequestions.Meanwhileaskstudentstopayattentiontothestructureofthepassage.

Payattentiontothestructureofthearticle.Organizestudentsintogroupsoffour.Askthemtodiscussthisarticleandanalyzethestructure.Also,studentsneedtoconcludewhatthemainideaofeachpartofthearticleis.

mainideas

Para1____________________________________________________________

Para2----7____________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________

Para8____________________________________________________________

Activitiesanddiscuss

1.Afterstudentshaveworkedoutthemainideasforthedifferentparts,tofurtherstrengthenthecomprehension,askstudentstoanswerthefollowingquestionandfillinthechartaccordingtotheproposal.

HowcanRealCineexcitetheviewersfivesenses?

Sense

Thingsneeded

EffectsinRealCine

sight

specialVRheadsets

Viewerscanseeaworldof3Danimationallaroundthem.

sound

specialVRheadsets

Viewerscanhearthesoundsclearlyallaroundthem.

smell

smallopeningintheheadset

Smellsaregivenout.

tough

specialgloves

Viewerscantoughpeopleandobjectsinthefilm.

taste

astrawsensor

Specialfoodanddrinkchemicalsareplacesintotheviewers’mouth.2.Thenchecktheanswersasaclass.Iftimeallows,organizeaclasspresentation.AskstudentstodiscussandusetheinformationinthechartabovetogiveabriefpresentationaboutvirtualrealityandRealCine.

3.Presentthefollowingsentencestostudents.Askthemtoreadeachoneandthinkaboutthecharacteristicsofthelanguageusedinthisarticle.

IbelieveyouwillbeamazedbytheRealCineexperience,andwillagreethatthisisanextraordinarytechnologythatmustbedevelopedfurther.

Viewerswillbesurprisedathowrealitfeels.

RealCineworksbymakingtheviewersfeelthattheyareactuallyinthefilm.

IamsureyouwillagreethatRealCineprovidesafantasticopportunityforthefilm-makingindustry.

Askstudents:

Asadecisionmaker,doyouthinkyouwouldfinallybepersuadedtoinvestordevelopRealCine?Whyorwhynot?

Whatdoyouthinkofthelanguageusedtnthesesentences?

Tellthemthatthepurposeofabusinessproposalistoplanorsuggestanewidea.Thegoalistohelpthecustomersortheinvestorsmaketheirdecisions.Therefore,clearandpersuasivelanguageisoftenused.

4.AskstudentstoreadtheReadingstrategy.Tellstudentsthatasuccessfulbusinessproposalneedstobeobjectiveandthatdetailedinformationandconvincingfactsorexamplestogetherwiththepassivevoicearefrequentlyusedtoachievethispurpose.Therefore,whenreadingabusinessproposal,theycanfocusonthesefeatures.

5.Askstudentstoreadthearticleagainandunderlinethesentencesusingthepassivevoiceinthepassage.Givesomeexplanationswhythepassivevoiceisused.Thiswillhelpstudentsgetabetterunderstandingofhowtowriteaproposal.

6.HavestudentscompletePartD.ThemeaningsofthewordsinPartDshouldnotbedifficultforstudentstoidentifyaftertheyhavereadthroughthepassageseveraltimes.AskstudentstorefertothetextastheycompletePartD.Thisexercisecanhelpstudentsunderstandthetextbetter.

7DrawstudentsattentiontoPartE.PartEisareplytotheproposal,whichservesasasummaryofthearticleaboutRealCine.Havestudentscompleteitindividuallyfirstandthenchecktheiranswerswiththewholeclass.

Post-readingactivities

UsethefollowingactivitiestohelpstudentsdeepentheirunderstandingofRealCineanddeveloptheirspeakingabilityaswell.

lOrganizestudentsintogroupsoffour.Askthemtoholdagroupdiscussion.ImaginewhatspecialeffecttheyhopetohaveiftheycanseeapopularfilmlikeHarryPotterandthePhilosophersStoneinRealCine.

DoyouthinkwatchingaHarryPotterfilminRealCineismoreexcitingandinterestingthaninanordinarycinema?Whyorwhynot?

Afterthediscussion,askeachgrouptomakeanadvertisementposterforthisimaginaryvirtualrealityfilm.Thentheymaymakeanoralpresentationoftheiradvertisementsinclass.Everystudentcanvoteandchoosethebestonefromalltheadvertisements.Ifpossible,askthemtostatetheirreasonsfortheirchoice.

lOrganizestudentsintogroupsofsix.AskthemtowriteanintroductiontoReaICine.Intheintroduction,theymaystatetheirownopinionsonRealCine.

lOrganizestudentsintotwogroups.Askthemtoholdadebateactivity.

Thosewhosupportvirtualrealitybelievethat,withthistechnology,peoplecandoalmosteverything,eventhingsthatcannotberealizedinnormallife.Wedontneedtotravelanymoreorspendsomuchtimewithfriendsanymore.Virtualrealitycanprovideanynecessaryfeaturesthatweneeditlourlife.Othersinsistthat,reallifeandinterpersonalcommunicationshouldneverbereplacedbyimaginaryscenes.Peopleshouldtakeofftheheadsetsandexperiencethereallifethemselves.Whatdoyouthinkofthesetwoopinions?Stateyourreasons.

Iftimepermits,askstudentstodoPartsA1andA2onpage96intheirWorkbook,sotheywillbemorefamiliarwiththetextandthewordsandexpressionslearntinthispart.Ortheycandothetwoexercisesafterclassashomework.

PartFaimsatconsolidatingstudentsspeakingability.AskstudentstoreadtheinstructionsforPartFanddiscusswittheirpartnersthequestionscloselyrelatedtonewtechnology.Encouragestudentstosharetheiropinionsandreporttheiranswerstotheclass.

AskstudentsfirsttoreadPartAandthentodoPartBintheWritingsectionofthisunitonpage103intheiWorkbook.ThepassageinPartAisasample.Afterreadingit,theywillknowhowtowriteanarticleaboutthefutureschoolinPartB.

Summary

Realcineworksbymakingtheviewersfeelthattheyareactuallyinthefilm.unlikeordinarycinema,RealCineexcitesallfiveofpeople’ssenses:sight,hearing,smell,tough,andeventaste.VRcanprovideteenagerswithanotherwaytoexperiencetheworldandmakethemworkhardertomaketheirdreamscometrue.Vrcanalsodosomethingthatcouldneverbeachievedinrealworld.RealCinewillcertainlyprovideafantasticopportunityforthefilm-makingindustry.

Wordsandexpressions：

3．研析：

词汇

1）extraordinary,

1)adj.（形容词）

非凡的，超出一般或平常的，显著的：

amanofextraordinarystrength

一位力气惊人的男子

anextraordinaryachievement.

一个非凡的成就

特别的：用于特殊的服务、功能或场合的：

aministerextraordinary；anextraordinaryprofessor.

特派部长；一位特职教授

Whatanextraordinaryidea!

多么离奇的想法!

特别的，临时的，额外的

anextraordinarysession

临时会议

Itisextraordinarythat….------是不平常的

Itwasextraordinarythatherefusedourrequest.

他拒绝了我们的邀请实在是不寻常。

2）character

n.（名词）

1）性质，性格，特色，身份；

adeterminedcharacter果断的性格；

inhischaracterasfather.以父亲的身份；

2)字

ThecharactersinChinesewritinglooklikesmallpictures.

汉字看起来象是一幅幅小图画。

aChinesecharacter

一个汉字

3）个性；特色；（事物的）特性

Hehasastrongbutgentlecharacter.

thecharacterofthesavannaareas大草原地方的特色；

他有坚强但温柔的性格。

Thenewbuildingshavechangedthecharacterofthevillage.

新建筑改变了这个村庄的特点。

4）（书、剧中的）人物

Ifindallthecharactersinhisnewplayveryreal.

我觉得他那出新戏中所有的人物都很真实。

Thestoryhasonlyafewcharacters.那故事只有几个角色。

相关词组：

incharacter

相符的：与某人特性或行为相符的：

behaviorthatwastotallyincharacter.

与特性完全相符的行为

outofcharacter

不相符的：与某人特性或行为不相符的：

aresponsesomuchoutofcharacterthatitamazedme.

回答与其性格如此不符，使我感到吃惊

3）set

v.（动词）v.tr.（及物动词）

set，setting，sets

放置：放在指定的地方；放置：

setabookonatable.

在桌上放一本书

使处于某种状态：

settheprisoneratliberty.

给犯人自由

使牢固：放入稳定的位置：

setthefencepostintoabedofconcrete.

将篱笆桩置于水泥床上

setabrokenarm.

接合断臂

setthesails.

扬帆

setanalarmclock.

上闹钟

安排：适当布置以备用：

setaplaceforadinnerguest;setatable.

为宴会客人安排地方；放置桌子

以…为背景：确定一幕剧的情节展开的特定地点：

aplaythatissetinVenice.

以威尼斯为背景的剧

创立：

setaworldrecord.

创世界纪录

树立榜样：

Aparentmustsetagoodexampleforthechildren.

父母必须为孩子树立好榜样

有准备的：

Wearesettoleaveearlytomorrowmorning.

我们准备明早离开

相关词组：

setabout

开始：开始或出发：

setaboutsolvingtheproblem.

着手解决问题

setdown

坐：使坐；坐下：

Setthebabydownhere.

让小孩坐这儿

记录：写下；记录：

Wesetdownthefacts.

我们记下事实

认为；看作：

Justsethimdownasasneak.

当他是个阴险的人

把…归于：由…引起；把…归于：

Letssettheerrordowntoinexperience.

让我们把错误归于没有经验

着陆：（飞机）着陆：

Thepilotsettheplanedownhard.

飞行员艰难地使飞机着陆

setforth

提出：提出想法；建议：

setforthasoundplan.

提出一个合理的计划

表达：用语言表达：

Shehassetforthherideas.

她已经表达出了想法

setoff

发生：引起；导致发生：

setoffachemicalreaction.

发生化学反应

爆炸：引起爆炸：

setoffabomb.

炸弹爆炸

开始旅程：

setoffforEurope.

开始欧洲之旅

setout

着手：开始一个热切的计划；着手：

Hesetouttounderstandwhytheplanhadfailed.

他开始明白为什么计划失败了

种：

setoutseedlings.

种小树

开始旅程：

Shesetoutatdawnfortown.

她日出时出发去镇上

setup

建立：

setupacharity.

建立一家慈善机构

setfireto

纵火：点燃或使燃烧

set(ones)hearton

决心做某事

n.（名词）

一套：一组互属并成套使用的同类物品：

achessset.

一套国际象棋

4）reason

n.（名词）.

原因；理由；动机

Thereasonshewasillwasthatshehadeatenbadmeat.

她生病的原因是她吃了变质的肉。

Thereasonforthisisthatthisplaneisalsoabicycle.

其原因是,这架飞机又是一辆自行车。理性；理智；道理；判断力

Theresagreatdealofreasoninhisadvice.

他的忠告极有道理。

"Therearereasonsforthisgreatinterestintheideas,feelings,andactionsofyouth."

"对年青人的思想、感情和行动发生这样巨大的兴趣,自有它的道理。"

itstandstoreason

合乎道理

listentoreason

服从道理

withreason

有理由；合乎情理

Hethinks,withreason,thatIdontlikehim.

他有理由认为我不喜欢他。

vi.,vt.

推理；推究

toreasonclearly

推理清楚

（与into,outof连用）劝说

toreasonapersonoutoffear

劝人别害怕

（与with连用）与…争辩

5）via,prep.（介词）

经由，途经

totravelfromBeijingtoShanghaiviaTianjin

由北京经由天津去上海

通过；凭藉

IsentamessagetoMaryviaherbrother.

我托玛丽的兄弟把信带给她。

6）deliver,v.tr.（及物动词）

递送：带到或运送到适当的地方或接受者；分送：

delivergroceries;deliverthemail.

运送食品；投递邮件

交付：把（某人或某物）交给他人；移交：

deliveredthecriminaltothepolice.

把罪犯交给警察

的工人

Tothroworhurl:

掷，猛投：

Thepitcherdeliveredtheball.

投手猛一投球

陈述，发言：用言辞表达；发表，讲：

deliveralecture.

发表演讲

分娩：

Shedeliveredababyboythismorning.

今天早晨她生了个小男孩

使分娩：给（产妇）接生：

Thedoctordeliveredheroftwins.

这个医生为她接生了一对双胞胎

放出，制造；生产：

Theoilwelldeliveredonly50barrelsaday.

这口油井每天只产原油五十桶

7）impress,（常与with连用）使（人）印象深刻；使铭记

常用被动语态，不用进行式，常与on连用）使印象深刻

Thebookimpressedalotofpeople.这本书在很多人心中留下深刻印象。

Iwasdeeplyimpressedby(at,with)hisspeech.他的演讲给我留下深刻印象

Impress+n.+on(upon)+n.(person)=impress+n.(person)+with

Iimpressedonhimtheimportanceofhiswork.=Iimpressedhimwiththeimportanceofhiswork.

我使他注意他的工作的重要性。

（常与on连用）盖（印）；盖（印）于

impresswaxwithaseal

把印盖在火漆上

8）announce宣布，宣告：使公开地知道

Toproclaimthepresenceorarrivalof:

宣布…的出席，宣布…的到来：

announceacaller.

宣布来访者

Toprovideanindicationofbeforehand;foretell:

预示：事先提供暗示；预示：

Theinventionofthemicrochipannouncedanewgenerationofcomputers.

微晶片的发明预示了新一代的计算机

Toserveasanannouncerfor:

当…的播音员：

announceafootballgameonTV.

在电视上给一场足球赛作播音

v.intr.（不及物动词）

Todeclareonescandidacy:

宣布竞选：宣布某人的候选人身份：

Presidentialcandidatesannouncetwoyearsinadvanceoftheelections.

在总统选举前两年宣布竞选者

Toserveasanannouncer.

作播音员

9）forcen.

n.（名词）

力，力量

theforceoftheexplosion

爆炸力

Youmustuseforcetoopenthatbottle.

你必须用力打开那个瓶子。

Theporterhadtoforcethewindowopeneverymorning.

每天早晨门房只好用力硬把窗户打开。

Newemergingforcesareinvincible.

新生力量是不可战胜的。

暴力

Thethieftookthemoneyfromtheoldmanbyforce.

小偷用暴力夺走了老人的钱。

〈物〉力

theforceofgravity

地心引力

Theforceofgravitymakesthingsfalltoearth.

地心引力使物体落向地面。

威力；势力

theforcesofevil

邪恶势力

theforcesofnature

自然力

说服力

forceofexample

榜样的力量

Thereisforceinwhathesaid.

他的话有说服力。

部队；兵力

thepoliceforce

警察部队

(pl)三军武装力量

Theairforceisoneofthearmedforces.

空军是武装部队的一种。

inforce

大批地

Thepolicewerethereinforce.

大批警察驻守在那儿。

inforce

生效；在施行中(=intoforce)

joinforces(with)

联合；合作

v.tr.（及物动词）

forced，forcing，forces

强迫：通过压力或需迫使：

Iforcedmyselftopracticedaily.Hewasforcedtotakeasecondjob.

我强迫自己每天练习。他被迫要找第二份工作

强行，硬：反对抵制或惯性地运动或影响：

forcedmyfootintotheshoe.

将脚硬塞入鞋中

强加：无情地折磨或强加：

Heforcedhisideasuponthegroup.

他把自己的意见强加给别人Toputunduestrainon:

施加过分的压力：

Sheforcedhervoicedespitebeinghoarse.

尽管嗓子已哑，她仍使劲提高嗓音

force(someones)hand

迫使仓促行动：迫使某人在条件未成熟或不情愿的情况下行动或发言

inforce

大批：大批的；大量的：有效的；操作性的

Demonstratorswereoutinforce.

大批示威者上街

arulethatisnolongerinforce.

不再有效的规则

force，oblige，

Force最为普遍，通常指力量的使用，尤其是体力上，或指不允许任何替代屈从的环境的进行：

Teargasforcedthefugitivesoutoftheirhidingplace.

催泪弹气体将逃犯从藏身之处呛了出来。

Lackoffundswilleventuallyforcehimtolookforwork.

资金缺乏最终将会迫使他找工作。

Oblige适用于出于权力、需要、道德或伦理的考虑而被迫屈从：

“Workconsistsofwhateverabodyisobligedtodo”(MarkTwain).

“无论什么样的工作都必须要做”（马克·吐温）。

10）guide

n.（名词）

领路人，导师，导游，向导

Toserveasaguide.

监督…的训练或教育：作为向导指南

ashoppersguide.，购物指南

Aguidebook.指南，手册

v.（动词）

guided，guiding，guides

v.tr.（及物动词）

带领，为…做向导，

Theyguidedustotheoffice.

他们带领我们到了办公室。

领导；引导；指导，影响；支配；操纵

Beguidedbyyourfeeling.

按你的感觉行事。

引导，指引

guidedmetomyseat;

带我到我的座位上去；

guideashipthroughachannel.

引领轮船通过海峡

v.intr.（不及物动词）

guide,conduct,lead,steer作为动词在一起比较的一般含义是“领”、“导”或“引”。

guide(抽象名词guidance，具体名词guide“向导”)是通用词，可以用于“为别人带路”、“指导别人的学习、品行修养”，它的内涵是避免走弯路或遇到危险

Thousandsoflanternsslowlydriftouttoseaguidingthedeadontheirreturnjourneytotheotherworld.

数千只灯笼慢慢向大海漂去，给死人返回阴间指明道路。

Atthetopofthebankmyguidepausedandlookedbackatme.

我的向导在河岸上稍停了一下，并且回头看了看我。

HeisnowstudyingundertheguidanceofProfessorGreen.

他现在正在格林教授的指导下学习。

而conduct(抽象名词conductance“传导力”，具体名词conductor“向导者”，公共汽车等的“售票员”)在表示“指导”、“引导”时含有明显的主从关系，即被引导者不服从是不可以的

Thepolicemaneventuallyhadhishandstiedupandconductedhimtoashelter.

警察最后把他的双手绑了起来并把他带到一个防空洞。

Doyoupreferconductedtoursorindependenttravel?

你是喜欢跟着导游还是喜欢独立地去旅行？

lead(抽象名词leadership“领导”，具体名词leader“领袖”、“领队”)可以表示“领导”、“带路”，但它总含有领导者走在前面，而把被领导者控制在自己的权威之下，或被领导者处于秩序井然的状态中的意思

Ourguideledusthroughaseriesofcaves.

我们的向导带领着我们穿过一个接一个的洞穴。

steer(抽象名词steerage“操纵”，具体名词steersman“舵手”)一般表示“驾驶”、“掌舵”，但常用于比喻，词义引伸后有“操纵”、“指导”的意思。尤其适用于表示“指导着度过难关”的意义

TheCuttySarkrolledfromsidetosideanditbecameimpossibletosteerher.

卡蒂萨克号向两侧摇晃着，驾驶这只船是不可能的了。

Soonthecountrywillbesteeredtopeaceandprosperity.

这个国家很快便会被带入和平与繁荣之境。

词组：

1）passon

传递；前进，传下来；传给（后代），离去；往前

Letusnowpassontothenextsubject.

现在让我们看看下一个题目。

2）putforward

提出：提议以供考虑：

putforwardanewplan.

提出一个新计划

3）comeacross

偶然遇到或找到：

cameacrossmyoldcollegeroommateintowntoday.

今天在镇上遇到我大学的老同学

给予印象：

“Hecomesacrossasaverysincere,religiousindividual”(WilliamL.Clay)

“他给人的印象是一个很虔诚的、笃实的人”(威廉L.克莱)

4）notonly….butalso

一、主要用法：

1、连接主语：

NotonlyIbutalsoTomandMaryarefoundofwatchingtelevision.

不仅我，而且汤姆和玛丽都喜欢看电视。

由于notonlyAbutalsoB句式的重点在B上，所以谓语动词一般要与B保持人称和数的一致。

2、连接谓语：

TheAmericansandtheBritishnotonlyspeakthesamelanguagebutalsosharealargenumberofsocialcustoms.

英国人和美国人不但语言相同，而且有很多相同的风俗习惯。

注意notonly…butalso连接的动词一般不重复，这与汉语不同。如汉语说“我不仅懂英语，而且懂俄语”，英语则说“IknownotonlyEnglishbutalsoRussian”，而不说“InotonlyknowEnglishbutalsoknowRussian”.再如：“气体不仅改变形状，而且改变体积”，英译为“Agaschangesnotonlyinshapebutalsoinvolume.”（注意介词常重复）

3、连接宾语：

Theproblemfortherecipientwastryingtoguessnotonlywhothesenderwas,butalsowhathissecretfeelingsmightbe.

收信人不仅要尽力猜出是谁的，还要猜测寄信人的内心有什么想法。

4、连接表语：

Shakespearewasnotonlyawriterbut(also)anactor.

莎士比亚不仅是一位剧作家，而且是一位演员。

5、连接宾语补足语：

Lightandbrightcolorsmakepeoplenotonlyhappierbutmoreactive.

浅色和鲜艳的颜色不但使人看了高兴，也会使人更加活泼。

6、连接状语：

Ifyourfriendremindsyoukindlyofyourfaults,takewhathesaysnotmerelypleasantlybutthankfully.

如果你的朋友善意的指明你的缺点，你不但要欣然接受，而且要心怀感激之情。

7、连接从句：

Hedidn’tletusoffthebookuntilwehadprovednotonlythatweknowwhatanorganismwasburalsothatwehadthefortitudetostandupforthetruth.

直到我们证明了我们不仅知道什么是生物体，而且具有坚持真理的不屈不挠的精神时，他这才放过我们。

8、连接定语：

Manhasbecomemasternotonlyoftheskybutalsoofthespace.

人类不仅征服了太空，而且征服了太空。

9、连接句子

Inotonlyheardit,but(also)Isawit.

我不仅听到、而且看到了它。

Notonly…butalso连接句子时，notonly可以置于句首表示强调，这是第一分句要采用倒装结构。例如：

Notonlyhasheafirst-classbrainbutalsoheisatremendouslyhardworker.

它不仅有着头等的头脑，而且工作很能吃苦。

Notonlyhadthepoormanbeenarrestedbuthehadbeensenttoprisonaswell.

这个可怜人不仅被逮捕，而且被投进监狱。

Notonlydotheprofessorshavetheirownideasonthematter,butthestudentshavetheirstoo.

对这件事不仅教授们有自己的看法，学生们也有自己的想法。

10、用于itis…that强调结构：

Itisnotonlythescientistandthephysicianwhoneedalongspecialtrainingnow,butthecomputerexpert,theaccountant,andthebusinessmanager.

现在，不仅科学家和医生需要长时期的专门训练，计算机专家、会计师和企业经理也需要这种训练。

二、notonly…but的省略及其变体

1、notonly…butalso中的also可以省略。有人认为该句型所连接的第二部分最高级形容词或它所表示的范围、程度、影响等超过第一部分时，常将also省略。例如：

Hewasnotonlyasuccessfulwriterbut(also)thegreatestpoetofhistime.

它不仅是一位成功的作家，而且还是他那个时代最伟大的诗人。

Notonlydotheysufferlesspainthanmostwomeninlabor,butthetownboastsanunusuallylowrateofinfantmortality.

这不仅使她们比大多数的妇女受痛苦，，而且是城市婴儿死亡率大大降低。

2、notonly…butalso句型一般只可以省略also，但在连接句子时，有时也可见到省略but甚至butalso的情形。例如：

NotonlywasItired,Iwasalsocold.

我不光困倦，还感到很冷。（省去了but）

Sincemoistureisneededforrain,dryairinthemorningnotonlyallowsthespidertogetanearlystart,isalsomeansadryday.

有了湿度才会下雨，因此，早晨空气干燥不仅使蜘蛛早点开始结网，而且意味着这一天不会下雨。(省去了but)

Notonlyhasshebeenanexcellentwife,shehasbeenabetterhusbandthanI’llneverbe.

她不仅是一个极其出色的妻子，而且是一个我永远也做不到的好丈夫。(省去了butalso)

3、notonly…butalso的形式比较固定，但也会出现but与also被分开的情形。例如：Notonlythemotherbutthechildrenarealsosick.

Notonlyishisrightlungaffectedbuthisleftlungisalso.

4、notonlyAbutalsoB的替代式常见的还有notonlyabutB…aswell,notonlyAbutBtoo,notmerelyAbutalsoB,notjustAbutalsoB,not…alone...but等。例如：

Injurisprudenceitisawell-knownprinciplethatjusticeshouldnotmerelybedonebutshouldalsobeseentobedone.

在法理学方面，人所共知的原则是：对受害者不仅应该公正对待，而且应当让人们看到他得到了公正的对待。

Notpoetsalone,norartists,northatsuperiororderofmindwhicharrogatestoitselfallrefinement,feelthis,butdogsandallmen.

不仅使人，艺术家以及那些自命不凡、思想杰出的人觉得如此，连狗和普通人也有同感。

三、其他注意事项：

1、“notonlyAbutalsoB”结构中的A和B通常是同等成分。由于同一成分常常由同一词类的词来担任，所以A与B常常也是同一词性，但是，也有A与B属于不同词性的情形。例如：“Heisnotonlyveryclever,butalsoaveryhardworker,andhelikestodoeverythingwell.”（他不但聪明，而且能下功夫。他喜欢把每件事都做得很好。）其中A是形容词，B是名词，但两者均在句中作表语，因此仍是正确的句子。然而，在“Henotonlyplaysthepiano,butalsotheviolin.”一句中，A是动词，B是名词，不是同一成分，因此语法学家认为此句有点欠妥，至少在书面语中就是如此。如改为“Heplaysnotonlythepiano,butalsotheviolin.”就无懈可击了，再看下面的例子：

ThesurprisegrantnotonlyenabledDadtofinishAT,buttograduatefirstinhisclass.

这笔意外的奖学金不仅是我的父亲能读完农业和技术学院，而且毕业成绩名列榜首。

2、有人认为，notonly…butalso不能用于否定句。汉语中用于否定句中的“不但…而且”在英语中要用aswellas表示。如“不但我不想看戏，而且他也不想看戏”可译作“He,aswellasI,doesn’twanttoseetheplay.”不过，这条规则也有例外，请看下面的例子:

Notonlydon’tIknowthepopulationofNepal,Idon’tknowwhereingod’sworlditis!

我不但不知道尼泊尔人口，而且连它究竟在哪里也不知道！

这个例句有几个共同点：都是连接否定分句，都是倒装句，都没有用butalso。下面一例出自一位美国作家之手，所不同的是notonly…but连接的是并列谓语，第一个动词是不定的，第二个动词则是肯定的：

Nonetheless,ashedescribedMary’sattitudesheraccomplishments,hefoundhimselfwishingthatshecaredmoreaboutthepolicesideofhislifethansheseemedto,thatshemightunderstanditasintimately,say,asthewomanoppositehim.ButthismotionseemedtohimsodisloyaltoMarythathenotonlydidnotarticulateit,butatoncetriedtosuppressit.

Notes

1Uponreachingthetopofthemountain,afeelingofhappinessandasenseofachievementwillbeexperienced.

Theprepositionuponheremeansatorimmediatelyafterthetimeoroccasionof.Theprepositiononcanalsobeusedtoexpressthesamemeaning.

Upon/OnhisarrivalinParis,thefamousfilmstarwasrecognizedandsurroundedbyhisfans.

Upon/Onhearingofthedeathofhisparents,hecriedforhours.

2Specialglovesarealsowornsothatpeopleandobjectsinthefilmcanbetouched.

Heresothatmeanswiththeaimthat,whichisusedtointroduceaclauseshowingapurpose.

Sheworkedhardsothateverythingwouldbereadyby6oclock.

Sothatcanalsomeanwiththeresultthat,whichisusedtointroduceaclause

showingaresult.

Nothingmorewasheardfromhimsothatwebegantowonderifhehadleft.

3ToaddtothevirtualworldofRealCine,smellsaregivenoutthroughsmallopeningsintheheadsets.

Hereaddtomeanstoincrease.

TheWestLakeaddstothebeautyofthecityofHangzhou.

Thisphrasecanalsobeusedlikeadd...to...

Ifyouaddtwelvetoeighty-five,yougetninety-seven.

4InscientificstudiesithasbeenshownthatVRcanprovideteenagerswithanotherwaytoexperiencetheworldandmakethemworkhardertomaketheirdreamscometrue.

HereitreferstothesubjectclausethatVRcanprovideteenagerswithanotherwaytoexperiencetheworldand...

Whenthesubjectisaclause,anemptysubjectitisoftenused,andtheorderofthesentenceisnormallychanged.

Compareeachpairofsentencesasfollows:

Whatshelookslikedoesntmatter.Itdoesntmatterwhatshelookslike.

Thatincometaxshouldbeabolishedhasactuallybeensuggested.

Ithasactuallybeensuggestedthatincometaxshouldbeabolished.

5AnargumenthasbeenputforwardthatsomeviewerswillbedisappointedbyRealCinebecauseVRisnotreal.

Herethatisusedtointroduceanappositiveclausesomeviewerswillbe

disappointedbyRealCinebecauseVRisnotreal.Thisclausereferstoanargumentandthatcannotbeomitted.

Yourbeliefthatthingswillimproveistoooptimistic.

Yoursuggestionthatweshouldpaymoreattentiontoourtablemannersisagoodone.……

语法点津

PassiveVoice

英文动词有主动语态ActiveVoice和被动语态PassiveVoice之分。如果主语是动作或状态的「发出者」，动词就用主动语态；如果主语是动作或状态的「承受者」，动词就用被动语态。

例如：

1.JohnencouragedMary.﹝约翰鼓励玛莉。﹞

2.MarywasencouragedbyJohn.﹝玛莉受到约翰鼓励。﹞

※第一句的动词"encouraged"是主动语态；第二句的动词

"wasencouraged"是被动语态。

动词被动语态的基本形态是：

助动词BE+及物动词的过去分词(-ed分词)

动词的被动语态通常有六种时、体形式：即一般现在时、一般过去时、现在进行体、过去进行体、现在完成体和过去完成体。

1．SimplePresentTense

主动语态：Iteachhim.

被动语态：Heistaughtbyme.

2．SimplePastTense

主动语态：Itaughthimyesterday.

被动语态：Hewastaughtbymeyesterday.

3．PresentContinuousTense

主动语态：Iamteachinghim.

被动语态：Heisbeingtaughtbyme.

4．PastContinuousTense

主动语态：Iwasteachinghimwhenyoucame.

被动语态：Hewasbeingtaughtbymewhenyoucame.

5．PresentPerfectTense

主动语态：Ihavetaughthim.

被动语态：Hehasbeentaughtbyme.

6．PastPerfectTense

主动语态：Ihadtaughthimbeforeyoucame.

被动语态：Hehadbeentaughtbymebeforeyoucame.

一般将来时SimpleFutureTense也常常有这种被动语态形式

主动语态：Ishallteachhimtomorrow.

被动语态：Hewillbetaughtbymetomorrow.

动词由主动语态变为被动语态的步骤：

1.先找出谓语动词；

2.再找出谓语动词后的宾语；

3.把宾语用作被动语态中的主语；

4.注意人称、时态和数的变化。

例：1.　Brucewritesalettereveryweek.

→AletteriswrittenbyBruceeveryweek.

2.　LiLeimendedthebrokenbikethismorning.

→ThebrokenbikewasmendedbyLiLeithismorning.

3.Hehaswrittentwonovelssofar.

→Twonovelshavebeenwrittenbyhimsofar.

4.Theywillplanttentreestomorrow.

→Tentreeswillbeplantedbythemtomorrow.

5.Lucyiswritingaletternow.

→AletterisbeingwrittenbyLucynow.
6.Youmustlockthedoorwhenyouleave.

→thedoormustbelockedwhenyouleave.
三、使用被动语态应注意的几个问题：
1.不及物动词无被动语态。

Whatwillhappenin100years.
Thedinosaursdisappearedabout65millionyearsago.
2.有些动词用主动形式表示被动意义。
Thispenwriteswell.
Thisnewbooksellswell.
3.感官动词或使役动词使用省略to的动词不定式，主动语态中不带to，但变为被动语态时，须加上to。
例：makesomebodydosomething

→somebody+be+madetodosomething
seesomebodydosomething

→somebody+be+seentodosomething
Agirlsawmywalletdropwhenshepassedby.

→Mywalletwasseentodropbyagirlwhenshepassedby.
Thebossmadethelittleboydoheavywork.

→Thelittleboywasmadetodoheavyworkbytheboss.
4.如果是接双宾语的动词改为被动语态时，直接宾语(物)作主语，那么动词后要用介词，这个介词是由与其搭配的动词决定。
Hegavemeabook.

→Abookwasgiventomebyhim.
Heshowedmeaticket.

→Aticketwasshowntomebyhim.
Myfatherboughtmeanewbike.

→Anewbikewasboughtformebymyfather.
5.一些动词短语用于被动语态时，动词短语应当看作一个整体，而不能丢掉其中的介词或副词。
Wecan’tlaughhim.

→Hecan’tbelaughbyus.
Helistenstotheradioeveryday.

→Theradioislistenedtobyhimeveryday.
Thenurseistakingcareofthesickman.

→Thesickmanisbeingtakencareofbythenurse.
只要你掌握了以上一些方法，

使用被动语态的一般因由

1.不易说出动作或状态的「发出者」

例如：

Thisbuildingwascompletedin1980.

*由谁建成，不易说出。

2.不便说出动作或状态的「发出者」

例如：

ThemeetinghasbeenpostponedtillFriday.

3.动作或状态的「承受者」比「发出者」更需强调

例如：

Apressconferencewasheldlastnight.

4.为了修辞

例如：

Theteacherlovesthestudentsandislovedbythem.

态：Abookwasgivenhimbyme.

含有情态动词的被动语态构成：Modalverbsandthepassivevoice情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词

Studentswilllearnhowtousemodalverbsinthepassivevoicetoexpressability,possibility,duty,permission,etc.Theyarealsoexpectedtolearntousemodalverbsinthepassivevoiceinthepresentandthepasttenses.
Youngtreesmustbewateredoften.

Yourmistakesshouldbecorrectedrightnow.
Thedoormaybelockedinside.
Yourhomeworkcanbehandedintomorrow.

Verbsoftenusedinthepassivevoice

Herestudentswilllearnsomeoftheverbsthatareoftenusedinthepassivevoice.Andtheyshouldknowthattheseverbsfunctionasadjectives.

Theteachermaybeginthispartbyaskingstudentstocompletesomesentencesbychoosingoneofthetwowordsgiven.Thewordsinboldarethecorrectanswers.Forexample,

1.Thechildrenaregettingaboutthecomingholiday.(exciting;excited)

2.Dontyougetofarguingaboutthesamethingallthetime?(tiring;tired)

3.JoanisntverygoodatPhysics,soeveryonewaswhenshepassedtheexam.(surprising;surprised)

4.AllofuswereverylastSaturdaybecauseourteamlostthegame.(disappointing;disappointed)

5.Itwassnowinglastnight.Soeverythingiswithsnowthismorning.(covering;covered)

6.Myparentsarequitewithmytestresults.(pleasing;pleased)

7.Bothofthemarewiththearrangement.(satisfying;satisfied)

Askstudentswhytheychoosetheverb-edformsbutnotverb-ingforms.

注：黑体字为答案。自主演练

A．单项填空

1、It’ssaidthataboutaquarterof_______Europeancanspeak_________foreignlanguagebesidestheirnativelanguage.

Athe;aBan;theCthe;theD不填；不填

2、Ilike________intheautumnwhentheweatherisclearandbright.

AthisBeitherCitDone

3、DoyoureallybelievethatMr.Whitehasblamedusfortheaccident,especially________?

AyouandmeBIandyouCyouandIDyouandme

4、AsfarasIamconcerned,educationisaboutlearningandthemoreyoulearn,__________.

Athemoreforlifeareyouequipped

Bthemoreequippedforlifeyouare

Cthemorelifeyouareequippedfor

Dyouareequippedthemoreforlife

5、Americaneat______astheyactuallyneedeveryday.

AtwiceasmuchproteinBtwiceproteinasmuchtwice

CtwiceproteinasmuchDproteinastwicemuch

6、JasonhasbeenpreparingcarefullyforhisEnglishexaminationsothathecouldbesureofpassingitathisfirst_________.

ApurposeBdesireCattemptDintention

7、JohnandI________friendsforeightyears.WefirstgottoknoweachotherataChristmasparty.Butwe________eachotheracoupleoftimesbeforethat.

Ahadbeen;havebeenBhavebeen;havebeen

Chadbeen;hadseenDhavebeen;hadseen

8、I________whilereadingtheEnglishtextbook.Luckily,myroommatewokemeupintime.

AhadfallenasleepBhavefallenasleepCfellasleepDfallasleep

9、Nowthatsheisoutofajob,Lucy_________goingbacktoschool,butshehasn’tdecidedyet.

AhadconsideredBhasbeenconsidering

CconsideredDisgoingtoconsider

10、ThemayorofBeijingsaysthatallconstructionworkfortheBeijingOlympics________by2006.

AhasbeencompletedBhascompleted

CwillhavebeencompletedDwillhavecompleted

11、Thefirstuseofatomicweaponswasin1945,andtheirpower________increasedenormouslyeversince.

AisBwasChasbeenDhadbeen

12、Morepatients________inhospitalthisyearthanlastyear.

AtreatedBhavetreatedChadbeentreatedDhavebeentreated

13、Susandecidednottoworkontheprogramathomebecauseshedidn’twantherparentstoknowwhatshe_________.

AhasdoneBhaddoneCwasdoingDisdoing

14、Monthsagowesailedtenthousandmilesacrossthisopensea,which_________thePacific,andwemetnostorms.

AwascalledBiscalledChadbeencalledDhasbeencalled

15、________inthequeueforhalfanhour,Tomsuddenlyrealizedthathehadlefthiswalletathome.

ATowaitBHavewaitedCHavingwaitedDTohavewaited

16、ItissaidthatBarbara’ssisterfelloffherbicycleonherwaytoschool,_________intheleftleg.

AseriouslydamagingBhurtingbadly

CbreakingseriouslyDbadlyhurt

17、Oh,I’mnotfeelingwellinthestomach.I_______somuchfriedchickenjustnow.

Ashouldn’teatBmustn’thaveeaten

Cshouldn’thaveeatenDmustn’teat

18、Itseemsasifthesun________roundtheearthsinceitrisesintheeastandsetsinthewest.

AcirclesBiscirclingChasbeencirclingDwerecircling

19、Theymusthavebeenenjoyingthemselvesthere,otherwisethey_________solong.

Acan’thavestayedBwouldn’thavestayed

Cneedn’thavestayedDcouldn’tstay

20、Afastfoodrestaurantistheplace________,justasthesamesuggests,eatingisperformedquickly.

AwhichBwhereCthereDwhat

B．短文填空

Theyearis2094.Ithasbeenannouncedthatacomet（彗星）isheadingtowardstheEarth.Mostofitwillmissourplanet,buttwopieceswillprobablythesouthernhalfoftheEarth.

______17July,apiecefourkilometerswideenterstheEarth’s（大气层）withamassiveexplosion.Abouthalfofthepieceisdestroyed,buttheparthitstheSouthAtlanticat200timestheofsound.Theseaboilsandahugeholeismadeintheseabed.Hugewavesarecreatedandspreadfromthehole.Thewallofwater,akilometerhigh,rushestowardssouthernAfricaat800kilometersanhour.CitiesontheAfricanaretotallydestroyedandmillionsofpeopleare_______.

BeforethewavesreachSouthAmerica,thesecondpieceofthecometinArgentina.EarthquakesandvolcanoesareoffintheAndesMountains.TheshockmovenorthintoCaliforniaandallaroundthePacificOcean.ThecitiesofLosAngeles,SanFranciscoandTokyoarecompletelybyearthquakes.Millionsofpeopleinthesouthernhalfoftheeartharealreadydead,thenorthwon’tforlong.Becauseoftheexplosions,thesunishiddenbycloudsofdust,temperaturesaroundtheworldtoalmostzero.Cropsareruined.Thesunwon’tbeseenagainformanyyears.WarsbreakoutascountriesfightforAyearlater,nomorethan10millionpeopleremain.

Coulditreallyhappen?Infact,ithasalreadyhappenedmorethanonceinthehistoryoftheEarth.Thedinosaurs（恐龙）wereontheEarthforover160millionyears.Then65millionyearsagotheysuddenlydisappeared.ManyscientistsbelievethattheEarthwashitbyapieceofobjectin.Thedinosaurscouldn’tlive

________thecoldclimatethatfollowedandtheydiedout.Willwemeetthesameend

C．词汇题

1、Acourier______theparcelsexpectedforalongtimetoouroffice.

AtookBaddressedCdeliveredDgave

2、Weweremostimpressed________yourefficiency.

AinBonCwithDupon

3、ThePrimeMinisterofGreatBritain________thathewouldresign.

AannouncedBpredictedCreportedDcircularized

4、Thethiefwhowasontheredcoat________hertohandoverthemoney.

AletBforcedCforbadeDfraud

5、Thereisan_______filmaboutahighlygiftedchildwhosepictureoftenappearedinthenewspaper.

AspecialBunusualCadditionalDextraordinary

6、------I’msorryIsteppedoutsideforasmoke.Iwasverytired.

-------Thereisno_______forthiswhileyouareonduty.

AreasonBexcuseCcauseDexplanation

7、Idecidedtoputyourname_______forbasketballclubsecretary.

AonBinCforwardDthrough

8、Passthebook________tomewhenyou’vefinishedwithit.

AoutBbyConDover

9、Oneoftheconsequencesofourplanet’sbeingwarmingupisa(n)________inthenumberofnaturaldisasters.

AresultBaccountCreasonDincrease

10、Nomatterwhatyoudo,youshouldputyour________intoit.

AmindBheartCbrainDthought

11、Thereareusuallyatleasttwo________oflookingateveryquestion.

AmeansBdirectionsCviewsDways

12、Mychest________whenImakeadeepbreath,doctor.

AharmsBwoundsChurtsDinjuries

13、Iwrotehimalettertoshowmy_________ofhisthoughtfulness.

AachievementBagreementCattentionDappreciation

14、Oneoftheadvantagesoflivingonthetopfloorofahigh-riseisthatyoucangetagood________.

AsightBsceneCattentionDappreciation

15、Wehave_______themeetingforwardbyoneweekaccordingtotheheadmaster’srequirement.

AputBlookCmoveDlet

D．改错题

WeallknowthepyramidsinEgyptandmostof1.______
usdon’tknowthepeopleinMexicointheoldtimealso2.______
builtpyramids.Theydidn’tbuildthemtotombs.The　3.______
pyramidsinMexicoaren’tashighasthatinEgypt,but4.______
theyarebig.Eachonepyramidhasawidestairway5.______
uptothetop.Thereisnothinginsidethepyramids,　6.______
onlyearthandstones.Scientiststhinkittakesone　7.______
thousandmenmorethantenyearsbuildthebiggestone.8.______
Howdidhepeoplebuildthepyramids?Scientistshad9.______
Studiedforyears,butnoonecansaywhattheydidit.10.______

E.单句翻译

1.好的传统应该一代一代往下传。(passon)2.他的父亲强迫他戒烟。(forcesb.todosth.)3.这个有着非凡的舞蹈天赋的女孩是我们的班长。(extraordinary)4.他想通过付额外的薪水来使他的员工留下印象。(impress)5.如果我有一个生日舞会，我会立刻通知我的朋友。(announce)6.他今天没来上学的原因是他妈妈病了。(thereason……isthat….)7.我准备递送这只钻戒，因为我知道我无论给谁他都会喜欢。(deliver)8.我们应该提出一个有效的方法来改善我们的英语学习。(putforward…)9.每个人都应该通过自己的行为为下一代树立榜样。(setup)10.他带领我们从一个胜利走向另一个胜利。(guide)F.书面表达

某英文报“读者来信”专栏正在就高三学生家长是否应该为孩子购置电脑这一话题开展讨论。有赞同的，也有反对的。请你向该报编辑写一封英文信，发表你的观点。

信的开头已写好，你只需接着写。

注意：

1．下面的提示可能会帮助你构思：

A.moreinformation?

improveEnglish?

learningsoftware(学习软件)?

enjoyoneself?

….

B.computergames

short-sighted

wasteofmoney

failtheexams

…

2．你不必根据上面的提示逐条进行写作，可自由发挥。

3．词数：70以上。

Deareditor,

ImastudentofSeniorThree.Ithinkmyparentsshouldbuymeacomputernow.

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

多彩世界

训练学生思维，体现创新精神，输入新材料，提高阅读欣赏能力，丰富和超越教材目标。

A.提供或设计与单元话题相关的情景材料，进行说写训练。

Situation1:…

EuropeanShuttlePrototypeLandsSafely

导读：欧洲航空防务与空间公司“凤凰号”航天飞机模型在瑞典成功试飞。

Sun,May09,2004

STOCKHOLM,Sweden(瑞典首都-斯德哥尔摩)-AnunmannedprototypeofaEuropeanspaceshuttleglidedsafelybacktoEarthonSaturdayafterbeingdroppedfromnearly8,000feetupbyahelicopter.

GuidedbyGlobalPositioningSystemsatellites(全球定位卫星),theGerman-designedEADS(欧洲航空防务与空间公司)Phoenixwasdroppedbyaheavy-dutyhelicopteroverSwedenat9:45a.m.and"landedperfectly"90secondslateronatestrunwaynorthofStockholm,aprojectspokeswomansaid.

"Everyonehereisecstatic,"saidJohannaBergstroem-Roos,oftheNorthEuropeanAerospaceTestRangeinKiruna,770milesnorthofStockholm.

"Thisgivesuswindinoursails."

ThePhoenixshuttle,alongwiththeAriane5rocket,representstheEuropeanSpaceAgencyshopeforsendingastronautsintospace,butprojectmanagersconcedeafull-sizeversionwillnotbereadyuntilsometimebetween2015and2020.

ThetestflightwasoriginallyplannedforFridaybutwaspostponedsotechnicianscouldfinishanalyzingdatafromanearliertestofthevehiclesonboardcomputersthisweek.

Thenextsteplikelywillbetodroptheprototypefromhigheraltitudes,withthehelpofahigh-altitudeballoon,Bergstroem-Roossaid.Thefinishedshuttlemustbecapableofglidingtolandfromanaltitudeof80miles,shesaid.

Situation2:…Asmotorwaysbecomemoreandmorecloggedupwithtraffic,anewgenerationofflyingcarswillbeneededtoferrypeoplealongskyways.

ThatistheverdictofengineersfromtheUSspaceagencyandaeronauticalfirms,whoenvisionfuturecommuterstravellingby"skycar".

Thesecouldlookmuchliketheconceptskycarshowninthepicture,designedbyBoeingresearchanddevelopment.

However,suchvehiclescouldbesome25yearsfromappearingonthemarket.

Effortstobuildflyingvehiclesinthepasthavenotbeenverysuccessful.

Suchvehicleswouldnotonlybeexpensiveandrequiretheskillsofatrainedpilottofly,buttherearesignificantengineeringchallengesinvolvedindevelopingthem.

"Whenyoutrytocombinethemyougettheworstofbothworlds:averyheavy,slow,expensivevehiclethatshardtouse,"saidMarkMoore,headofthepersonalairvehicle(PAV)divisionofthevehiclesystemsprogramatNasasLangleyResearchCenterinHampton,US.

ButBoeingisalsoconsideringhowtopolicetheairways-andpreventtotalpandemonium-ifthousandsofflyingcarsentertheskies.

"Theneat,gee-whizpartisthinkingaboutwhatwouldthevehicleitselflooklike,"saidDickPaul,avicepresidentwithPhantomWorks,Boeingsresearchanddevelopmentarm.

"Butweretryingtothinkthroughalltheramificationsofwhatwouldittaketodeployafleetofthese."

Pastproposalstosolvethisproblemhaveincludedartificialintelligencesystemstopreventcollisionsbetweenairtraffic.

Nasaisworkingonflyingvehicleswiththeinitialgoaloftransformingsmallplanetravel.

Smallplanesaregenerallycostly,loud,requiremonthsoftrainingandlotsofmoneytooperate,makingflyingtoworkimpracticalformostpeople.

Butwithinfiveyears,Nasaresearchershopetodeveloptechnologyforasmallplanethatcanflyoutofregionalairports,costslessthan$100,000(￡55,725),isasquietasamotorcycleandassimpletooperateasacar.

Althoughitwouldnothaveanyroad-drivingcapabilities,itwouldbringthisformoftravelwithinthegraspofawidersectionofpeople.Technologywouldautomatemanyofthepilotsfunctions.

ThisSmallAircraftTransportationSystem(Sats)woulddivertpressureawayfromthe"hub-and-spoke"modelofairtravel.

Hub-and-spokereferstothetypicallyUSmodelofpassengersbeingprocessedthroughlarge"hub"airportsandthenontosecondaryflightsto"spoke"airportsneartheirfinaldestination.由于高速公路上的交通堵塞情况越来越严重，一种能够载人穿梭在“空中高速路”上的新一代“飞车”将成为需要。

这就是美国国家航空航天局和一些航空公司的工程师们的意见，他们预测未来人类将会乘坐“飞车”旅行。

这些车可能会和图片中见到的波音公司研发中心设计的概念飞车很相像。

然而，这样的交通工具可能需要25年左右的时间才能投放市场。

人类在过去制造飞车的努力一直都不是很成功。

这样的交通工具汽车耗资不菲，而且要求驾驶者具备像训练有素的飞行员一样的驾驶技巧；不仅如此，在研制过程中还面临工程学方面的严峻挑战。

马克·摩尔是美国国家航空航天局兰利研究中心（位于汉普顿）汽车系统项目组“个人空中交通工具（PAV）”小组的负责人，他说：“当你试图将各个方面组合起来时，得到的是一辆最糟糕的车：非常笨重，速度又慢，价格还高，总之驾驶起来很不方便。”

但波音公司同时也在考虑，在上千辆“飞车”进入空中的情况下如何对空中通道进行管理，防止交通陷入彻底的混乱。

波音公司研发部门“幻影工程队”的副总裁迪克·保罗说：“最关键和最精彩的是设计出这种交通工具本身，但是我们也在全力考虑当这样一支车队投入运行后可能出现的所有情况。”

关于如何解决这个问题，以往就有一些建议，包括使用人工智能系统来防止空中交通工具之间发生碰撞。

B.一篇阅读文章。

GauriNandaseesawearablecomputerasa...handbag--onethatsbuiltoutoffour-inchsquaresandtrianglesoffabric,withtinycomputerchipsembeddedinit.

AssembledtogetherwithVelcrothatconductselectricity,thesepiecesformabagthatlooks,feels,andweighslikeyourtypicalleatherpurse.

Thatswherethesimilaritiesend:Thisbagcanwirelesslykeeptabsonyourbelongingsandremindyou,justasyoureabouttoleavethehouse,totakeyourwallet.Itcanreviewtheweatherreportandsuggestthatyougrabanumbrella--oryoursunshades.Thispursecanevenuploadyourfavoritesongsontoyourscarf.

Sure,acomputingpurseandscarfsetmayseemlikethestuffofsciencefiction.Butthesedevices,partofnextgenerationofwearablecomputers,couldbecomecommonplacewithinafewyears.Unitshipmentsofsuchwearablecomputers--purses,watches,shirts--shouldrisefrom261,000lastyearto1.39millionin2008,accordingtothetechresearchfirmIDC.

Poweringthismarketareadvancementsindesignandinfabric-embeddedelectronics.Overthelasttwoyears,DuPont(DD)creatednewfiberscalledAracon,madeofKevlar,thataresuperstrong,canconductelectricity,andcanbewovenintoordinary-lookingclothes.AndchipmakerInfineon(IFX)developedchippackagingallowingwearablecomputerstobewashed,evenintheheavy-dutycycle.

Asaresult,thesenewwearablesareafarcryfromtheclunkyanddownrightsillyversionsoftherecentpast,whichoftenrequireduserstobewrappedinwires,typeontheirstomachs,andsportanunseemlydisplayontheirforeheads."Cyborgcomputingwasveryclunky,verybulkymachinesthatpeopledidntwanttocarryaround,"saysNanda,aresearcherattheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnologyinCambridge,Mass."Ourbagsfeelandlooklikebags."

Unliketheirpredecessors,thesenewwearablecomputersalsomakeeconomicsense.Whenherbagbecomescommerciallyavailableintwotothreeyears,Nandaexpectsitwillcostaround$150,whichisthepriceofanaverageleatherpurse.Only"itsfun,youcanripapartandputtogetheracomputer,"shesays.

Hereshowthebagworks:Youplaceaspecialradio-signal-transmittingchipontoyourwallet.Asimilarradioinyourpursepicksupthesignalandnotifiesyouthatyouveforgottentotakeyourwallet.Inturn,sensorsonyourpurseshandleswillnotifythecomputerthatyouvepickedupthepurseandarereadytogo.

Suchunobtrusive,inconspicuous,andfundevicesshouldgrabmorethan80%ofthetotalwearablecomputingmarketby2008,whilecyborgianwearablePCswillremainaniche,saysIDCanalystKevinBurden.Already,thesenewkindsofwearablesarebeingadoptedforuseinmarketslikeautorepair,emergencyservices,medicalmonitoring--andeven,increasingly,forconsumersatlarge.

Wearablesarealsoslowlymakingtheirwayintotheauto-repairmarket.AcompanycalledMicrovision(MVIS)recentlyintroduceditsNomadhead-mounteddisplay.Itcoversoneeye,butitssee-through,allowingautotechnicianstoexaminetheinnardsofacarandcheckthemagainston-screencomputerdrawingsatthesametime.Itcomesasabaseballcapclip-on,tobemoreunobtrusive.

Sofar,itsahit:AtJimFisherVolvodealershipinPortland,Ore.,whichhasbeentestingthesystemforaboutsevenmonths,productivityoftechnicianswentup10%to20%,saysServiceManagerJohnProsser.Betteryet,customerstalkingtotechnicianswhoarewearingthesecontraptionsalsoaremorelikelytoagreetorepairs,pushingrevenueup15%to18%.SaysProsser:"Thismakes[technicians]wanttogetinvolvedandtocrossthisbridgeofreluctance"inusinganewtechnology.

Indeed,manymorepeoplewillwanttocrossthatbridgeinthecomingyears--makingforaboomingmarketforwearablecomputersthatdontlooklikesomethingoutofanoldStarTrekepisode.

最新型的可穿着电脑产品在外观方面与普通衣物几乎没有什么两样，而售价的降低和功能的丰富也许会使它成为未来人类不可或缺的工具之一。

Thelatestgenerationoftheseever-smartergarmentslooklikeordinaryclothes,assembledtogetherwithVelcrothatconductselectricity,thesepiecesformabagthatlooks,feels,andweighslikeyourtypicalleatherpurse.

你能否想象一台仅仅4英寸大小的电脑？用户可以方便地随身携带，重量与一件普通的皮夹克差不多。它，就是“可穿着式电脑”。最新型的可穿着电脑产品在外观方面与普通衣物几乎没有什么两样，而售价的降低和功能的丰富也许会使它成为未来人类不可或缺的工具之一。

据美国《商业周刊》3月8日报道，这种“小家伙”可以帮助用户通过无线方式与主人的其他财物保持联系，并随时随地提醒用户一些生活细节。当用户离开房间的时候，它会乖巧地提醒主人不要忘记携带钱包；在主人出行时，它会自动查询天气预报，帮助主人做到未雨绸缪；它甚至还可以在主人穿着的围脖中加入喜欢的歌曲。

的确，这些高科技的电脑更多情况下只能出现在科幻小说的情节当中。不过，根据市场调查机构IDC提供的预测数据，下一代“可穿着式电脑”产品在未来几年中将成为市场上的常见商品。IDC预测，这种高科技产品的销量，包括电脑钱包、电脑手表、电脑T恤，将从去年的26万台提高到2008年的139万台。

高科技电脑产品的背后都有着坚实的技术支柱。过去两年中，美国杜邦公司发明了一种新型的纤维材质，名为Aracon。这种材料具有超高强度并可导电，最重要的是，它可以被任意地折叠并制作成衣服。芯片制造商英飞凌（Infineon）公司也开发了一款专门用于可穿着电脑产品的芯片包，这种芯片包可以在衣物电脑被水洗的过程中保护芯片的安全。

与上一代昂贵的可穿着电脑不同，新型产品在售价方面更加廉价。IDC预计，在未来两到三年内，可穿着电脑的平均售价将降至每台150美元。这个价格已接近普通皮夹克的售价，为产品的普及奠定了坚实的基础。

目前，这种产品已被应用于医疗服务领域。美国经营健康产品的Apex公司计划在本月晚些时候，将这种可穿着式电脑应用于帮助用户减肥方面，此款产品可随时计算出用户所消耗的热量并科学地调节减肥者的膳食结构；加州一些医学院及制药公司则将可穿着电脑应用于病人实时监控方面，以便让医生随时观察病人的心跳、血压、呼吸等数据。

随着可穿着电脑产品的广泛应用，也许再过几年电影《星球大战》中描述的那种科学世界将真正来临。

Unit3

合作探究

mainideas

Para1theabstractoftheproposal

Para2----7howReaICineworks;

whyRealCineisbetterthanordinarycinema;

howitcanbeusedinotherways

Para8conclusionoftheproposal

自主演练

A．单项填空

答案及解析：

1、AtheEuropean表类指；aforeignlanguage为泛指

2、C在like/love/hateitwhen…这个结构中，it可以解释为形式宾语，但是与我们所熟悉的it作形式宾语的复合结构不同的是，在它之后没有形容词或名词作宾语补足语。

3、A作blame的宾语，所以都应当用宾格形式。

4、B从所提供的情景themoreyoulearn，并结合所给的选项可以确定这是“the+比较级+陈述句，the+比较级+陈述句”的句型，表示“越……越……”。这句话的意思是：我认为，教育是关于学习的事，你学得越多，你对生活准备得就越充分。

5、A倍数词+as…as意为“是……多少倍”

6、Cpurpose目的，意图;desire愿望，请求;attempt尝试;intention意图，意向，目的。从题意“他已经仔细准备了英语考试以确保一次通过考试”可以看出C是正确答案。

7、D第一空为现在完成时，与一段时间状语连用(foreightyears)；第二空：在一次晚会上认识之前就见过，正是“过去的过去”的一个动作，故选D

8、根据woke（wake的过去式）可以判断，这里谈论的与“现在”无关，因此可排除B和D两项。“I”是在读书期间睡着的(whilereading)，而不是在之前睡着的，所以项也不恰当。

9、B句意：因为Lucy失业了，所以她在考虑重返校园，但她现在还没有决定。根据题意说话者再说现在的情况，因此排除A、C、D三项，B属现在完成进行时，表示现在的事，进行时强调“考虑”这个动作的“未完成性”，所以是最佳答案。

10、C句意：北京市市长说所有北京奥林匹克建筑将于2006年完成。此题考查英语动词的语态和时态，很显然本题应改用被动语态，因此排除B、D；根据时间状语by2006，应选择将来完成时，因此选C

11、C根据evensince(从那时，一直到现在），所以应该用现在完成时，排除A、B、D项。

12、D病人被治疗，又有时间thisyear，应用现在完成时的被动语态。

13、C整个句子是基于过去时态，A和D两项为现在时态显然不对。再由句意“Susan决定不在家里，因为她不想让父母知道她正在做什么”可知还没有做完，故C项正确，进行体有未完成性、暂时性的特点。

14、B现在“thisopensea”仍然被称作“thePacific”，属于客观事实，故用一般现在时。

15、C本题考查非谓语动词作状语。先排除B项，因为B项是谓语动词形式，不可作状语；A、D两项为不定式形式放在句首时常作目的状语，这显然与本题逻辑上不符。

16、D句意：据说Barbara的姐姐在上学的路上从自行车上摔了下来，左腿上的很重。首先排除A、C项，因不符合习惯用法。Hurt为及物动词，故应选D这个过去分词短语作结果状语。

17、Cjustnow是表示过去的时间状语。情态动词在表示过去发生的事时，必须用“情态动词+should+过去分词”的形式。所以只能在选项B或C中确定答案。mustn’thaveeaten是一个错误选项，因为“must+动词”表示“禁止”，不表示判断或推断。这句话的意思是：哦，我觉得胃不舒服，我刚刚不该吃那么多炸鸡。

18、Dasif从句所谈的情况与实际情况相反使用虚拟语气。

19、BTheymusthavebeenenjoyingthemselvesthere表示对过去的确有的把握的推测，他们一定在那玩的很高兴。后面是：否则他们就不会待那么长时间了。wouldn’thavestayed这里表示于过去事实相反的虚拟。

20、B本题中，justasthenamesuggests是一个插入语，去掉它，重新组合本句：Afastfoodrestaurantistheplacewhereeatingisperformedquickly.其中eating是动名词，在从句中作主语，句子结构完整，因此答案只能选B，作状语。全句意思为：顾名思义，快餐店是一个就餐快的地方。

B．短文填空

hit,On,atmosphere,remaining,speed,outwards,coast,drowned,lands,set,waves,destroyed,but,escape,hidden,fall,food,alive,space,through

C．词汇题

1、B.deliversthtosb/sth表示递送；传递；交付；运载。

2、C.impresssbwithsth/sb使钦佩，给…留下深刻的好印象

3、Aannounce表示宣布、宣告（决定、计划等）

4、Bforcesbtodosth表示强迫某人做某事

5、Dextraordinaryadj.非常的,特别的,非凡的,特派的

6、B句意：你是当班长的，关于这件事，没有任何借口。

7、Cputforward意为：提名

8、Cputsthontosb意为：转交；（用后）递给，传给

9、D句意：我们的地球正在变暖的后果之一就是自然灾害的数量的增加。

10、Bputone’sheartinto的意思是“专心致志”

11、D看问题至少从两个方面

12、C“医生，当我深呼吸的时候，胸口感到疼痛。”比较四个词的词义：harm损害；wound受伤；hurt刺痛；injury受伤。hurt作不及物动词时，是“疼痛”的意思。

13、D比较四个词的词义：achievement成就；agreement赞同；attention注意，专心；appreciation感谢，欣赏。根据句意：对他的关怀表示的应是“谢意”，故选D

14、C住在高层建筑的顶层的优势之一是能看到好的景色。比较四个词的词义：sight风景名胜、视力；scene一个地区的自然景色或人为的环境；view多只从山上或向窗外远看的景色；look神色、外表。

15、Aputsthforward推迟；句意：根据校长的要求，会议往后推迟了一个星期。

D．改错题

1.and→but2.time→times3.to→for　4.that→those　5.去掉one　
6.√7.takes→took　8.build前加to9.had→have　10.what→how　

E．单句翻译

1.Goodcustomsshouldbepassedononebyonegeneration.

2.Hisfatherforcedhimtogiveupsmoking.

3.Thegirlwhohasanextraordinarydancingtalentisourmonitor.

4.Hewantedtoimpresshisemployeesbypayingthemextramoney.

5.IfIhaveabirthdayparty,Iwillannounceittomyfriendsatonce.

6.Thereasonwhyhedidn’tgotoschooltodayisthathismotherwasill.

7.ImgoingtodeliverthisdiamondringbecauseIknowwhoeverImgivingtowouldlikeit

8.WeshouldputforwardaneffectivewaytoimproveourEnglishstudy.

9.Everybodyshouldsetupanexampletothenextgenerationviahisownbehavior.

10.Heguidedusfromonesuccesstoanother.

F.书面表达

Possibleversion

Deareditor,

ImastudentofSeniorThree.Ithinkmyparentsshouldbuymeacomputernow.Asweknow,computershavebeenofgreatuseandwillbeusedmoreandmoreinourdailylife.BesidecomputersarealsohelpfulinourEnglishlearning.TherearepilesoflearningsoftwarewecanusIdontseeanythingwrongforustospendsometimeplayinggames.Afterall,weneedsomethingtoenjoyourselves.

Onemoreword,withcomputerswecangetmoreinformationandgetmoreknowledge.Dontyouagree?

Areader　

　

Unit3Tomorrow’sWorld—Task学案

Unit3Tomorrow’sWorld—Task学案

★Teachingaims:

1.HelptheSstoimprovetheirlisteningabilityandtheirskillsoftellingthefactsandstatingpersonalopinions.

2.MakesurethattheSsknowthedifferencebetweenthefactsandopinions.

Teachingprocedures:

Skillbuilding1:distinguishingbetweenfactsandopinions

Stepone:completinganotesheet

Skillbuilding2:askingforinformation

Steptow:findingoutaboutthecomputerroom

Skillbuilding3:formalwriting

Stepthree:writingaproposalforanewcomputerroom★Usefulwordsandexpressions

1.Therefore,Iamwritingtoyoutovoicemyopinions.

(1)thereforeadv.因此，所以

Eg.Heworkeddayandnight,andthereforehewasabletobuythesportscar.

Hewastheonlycandidate.Therefore,hewaselected.

Therefore和so两词都作“因此”讲。Therefore作因此讲时是副词，通常不用来连接两个分句；而so是连词，因此他可以用来连接两个分句。

Eg.Mr.BrownknowslittleaboutChinaandthereforehecan’tadviseyouaboutit.

=Mr.BrownknowslittleaboutChina,______hecan’tadviceyouaboutit.

=Mr.BrownknowslittleaboutChina.________,hecan’tadviceyouaboutit.(2)opinion

Eg.What’syouropinionofthenewplan?

Everyonehadadifferentopiniononthesubject.

insb.’sopinion

haveagood/bad/high/lowopinionof…对…评价好/不好/高/低

give/express/voiceanopinion(on…)对…发表意见2.Inmyopinion,itisabouttimewehadnewcomputers.

Itis(high/about)timethat后面的从句谓语动词通常用过去时表示现在或将来，有时也用“should＋动词原形”(should不可省略)，其意为“早该做某事了”

Eg.It’shightimeyouclameddownandsetaclearaimforyourself.

Inmyopinion,it’stimeyoushouldtakeaction.

=Inmyopinion,it’stime______takeaction.3.Duringthejourney,theprofessorandhisnephewcomeacrosstheCentralSea,abigundergroundocean.

Comeacross(不用于被动语态)

（1）（偶然）遇见，碰到，发现（across为介词，后接宾语）

Eg.Icameacrossthechildrensleepingunderthebridgetheotherday.

(2)vi.被理解，被弄懂

It’sapitythatyourmeaningdidn’t________.

很遗憾你的意思没有真正被理解。

（3）提供，给予（常与介词with连用）

Ihopeshewouldcomeacrosswithsomemoreinformation.

Comeabout发生

Comeout（太阳，月亮或星星）出现；出版

Cometrue实现

你能告诉我事故是怎样发生的吗？

4.rescuevt.＆n.营救；援救

常用于：rescuesb.(from…)营救某人；

come/go/toone’srescue来/去救援某人；

arescueparty救援队

eg.Thesoldierrescuedthebabyfromtheruins.5.forcen.力量，武力；效力

辨析：

force指物理学意义上的力，尤指人或物撞击或推动物体时所用的力；也指为做成某事而使用的力量，还可指武力，效力。

strength指物的强度，人的力气，尤指承受重物的力量。还可指人的强项，长处。

energy用于人时指精力；还可指能源，能量。

power能力；电力，动力；影响力；权利

eg.Hefelltothegroundunderthe______oftheblow.

Idon’thavethe_______tocarryyouanyfurther.

Itisnotwithinmy______tohelpyou.

Heisamanfullof_______.6.guidevt.给某人领路或导游；指导（人）

n.指南；手册；导游

eg.Ifyoudon’thaveacompass,usethestarstoguideyou.

Heguidedhisnewbusiness________success.

他引导他的新事业走向成功。

Sheguidedthetourists_________thecity.

她领着游客们游览了这个城市。

Thisisaguide_____Egypt.

这是本埃及旅游指南。Exercise:

一、单选

1.Itistimethatwe_____afinalagreementtosolvetheproblem.

A.reachB.havereachedC.reachedD.reaching

2.Mr.Blackhurriedtothetheatreonly_______thattheperformancewasover.

A.tohavefoundB.finding

C.foundD.tofind

3.Howdidit_______thatheknewwherewewere?

A.comeoverB.comeout

C.comeaboutD.comeup

4.Firefightersattemptedto______theboyfromthefire,butunfortunatelytheyfailed.

A.regainB.recoverC.rescueD.reserve

5.Wereachedthedestinationfinallywithanative______theway.

A.leadingB.toleadC.ledD.lead

6.Ihavetogotoworkbytaxibecausemycar_______atthegarage.

A.willberepairedB.isrepaired

C.isbeingrepairedD.hasbeenrepaired

7.Thepoorman,________,ranoutofthedarkcave.

A.trembledandfrightenedB.tremblingandfrightened

C.trembledandfrighteningD.tremblingandfrightening

8.Kidsshouldbecorrectly________intheirdailylife.

A.shownB.guidedC.taughtD.led

9.Thesoldierskepta______watchontheenemyincasetheymightget______tothematmidnight.

A.closely;closelyB.close;close

C.closely;closeD.close;closely

10.---DoyouthinkwhatTomdoesallday?

----IknowhespendsatleastasmuchastimewatchingTVashe_____hislesson.

A.isdoingB.doesdoingC.doesD.spendsin

二、阅读理解

Tobeagoodteacher,youneedsomeofthegiftsofagoodactor;youmustbeabletoholdtheattentionandinterestofyouraudience;youmustbeaclearspeakerwithagood,string,pleasingvoicewhichisfullyunderyourcontrol;andyoumustbeabletoactwhatyouareteaching,inordertomakeitsmeaningclear.

Watchagoodteacher,andyouwillseethathedoesnotsitmotionlessbeforehisclass:hestandsthewholetimeheisteaching;hewalksabout,usinghisarms,handsandfingerstohelphimandhisexpressions,andhisfacetoexpressfeelings.Listentohim,andyouwillheartheloudness,thequalityandthemusicalnoteofhisvoicealwayschangingaccordingtowhatheistalkingabout.

Thefactthatagoodteacherhassomeofthegiftsofagoodactordoesn’tmeanthathewillindeedbeabletoactwellonthestage,forthereareveryimportantdifferencesbetweentheteacher’sworkandtheactor’s.Theactorhastospeakwordswhichhehaslearntbyheart;hehastorepeatexactlythesamewordseachtimeheplaysacertainpart,evenhismovementsandthewaysinwhichheuseshisvoiceareusuallyfixedbeforehand.Whathehastodoistomakeallthesecarefullylearntwordsandactionsseemnaturalonthestage.

Agoodteacherworksinquiteadifferentway.Hisaudiencetakesanactivepartinhisplay:theyaskandanswerquestions,theyobeyorders,andiftheydon’tunderstandsomething,theysayso.Theteacherthereforehastosuithisacttotheneedsofhisaudience,whichishisclass.Hecannotlearnhispartbyheart,butmustinventitashegoesalong.

Ihaveknownmanyteacherswhowerefineactorsinclassbutwereunabletotakepartinastageplaybecausetheirbrainswouldn’tkeepdiscipline:theycouldnotkeepstrictlytowhatanotherhadwritten.

1.Whatisthetextabout?

A.Howtobecomeagoodteacher.

B.Whatagoodteachershoulddooutsidetheclassroom.

C.Whatteachersandactorscoulddooutsidetheclassroom.

D.Thesimilaritiesanddifferencesbetweenateacher’sworkandanactor’s.

2.Inwhatwayisateacher’sworkdifferentfromanactor’s?

A.Theteachermustlearneverythingbyheart.

B.Theteacherknowshowtocontrolhisvoicebetterthananactor.

C.Theteacherhastodealwithunexpectedsituations.

D.Theteacherhastousemorefacialexpressions.

3.Themaindifferencebetweenstudentsinclassandatheatreaudienceisthat.

A.studentscanmovearoundintheclassroom

B.studentsmustkeepsilentwhiletheatreaudienceneedn’t

C.nomemoryworkisneededforthestudents

D.thestudentsmusttakepartintheirteacher’swork

4.Agood-teacher’svoice.

A.shouldbeclearandfullyunderhiscontrol

B.shouldnotbetooloudortoolow

D.shouldbefixedbeforehegoestoclass

D.allofabove课时57

语言点：

1.so;Therefore2.foryouto

3.comeacross;Canyoutellmehowtheaccidentcameabout?

5.force;strength;power;energy

6.to;around;to

单选：

CDCCACBBBB

阅读：

DCDA

Unit1Advertising教案学案练习一体化

老师会对课本中的主要教学内容整理到教案课件中，大家在认真写教案课件了。只有制定教案课件工作计划，可以更好完成工作任务！你们了解多少教案课件范文呢？下面是由小编为大家整理的“Unit1Advertising教案学案练习一体化”，供您参考，希望能够帮助到大家。

译林牛津版高中英语模块四Unit1Advertising教案学案练习一体化
学习目标
1．词汇：advertise，share，persuasive，product,service,promote,place,intended,educate,welfare,complete(ly),lie,claim,aware,toothpaste,breath,cure,customer,connect,trick,creative,public,lead,nationwide,campaign,drug,deal,social,commit,smart,satisfied,publisher,unique,senior,choice,recommend,purchase,copy,sweet,sales,bar,packaging,update,design,unforgettable,fashionable,convenient,continuously,functional,filling,available,various,particular,goal,target,media,mailing,determine,appeal,react,gather,approach
2．词组、短语：beusedto，besatisfiedwith,encouragesb.todosth.,poststh.ontheschoolwebsite,learnabout,dosomeresearchon,haveinformationtodosth.,sharesth.withsb.payfor,dosth.forfree,beintendedtodosth.,educatesbaboutsth.,tellsb.thetruth,protectsb.from,beawareof,evenif,beproudof,feelgoodabout,connectsth.to,playtrickonsb.,servethepublic,bemeanttodosth.,lead(live)a…life,dealwith，believeinsth.,publicsserviceprojects,ProjectHope,schooleverychild,besmartabout,besupposedtodosth.,persuasivelanguage,excitingimages,bepopularwith,marketshare,salestargets,marketleader,beofhighquality,salesfigures,forthebenefitof,haveagoal,getsb.todosth.,createtherightmessage,careabout,beconcernedwith,affectone’slife,getthemessageacross,dependon,comeupwith,
3．语法、结构：directspeechandreportedspeech直接引语和间接引语
4．技能指导：
1）readexpositorywriting
2）writeanadvertisementanddevelopanadvertisingcampaign
合作探究
Welcometotheunit
I．Readthefollowingandtellwhattheyarefor:
1.Home-carehelperfordisabledwomaninherdowntownhome,providepersonalcareandrecreation,10a.m.to6p.m.,fivedaysaweek.
824-3174between4and7p.m.
2.Largebedroominsharedhouse,closetodowntownandUniversity,off-streetparking,onbusroute,parkwithtenniscourtsacrossthestreet.
824-2723or823-0236.
3.11a.m.to2p.m.
complete
PastaDinners
$28.5
Tel:422307
4.Tent--￡35
Nylon,blueandgreen;lmhigh,120cmwide,
190cmdeep(fortwopeople)
PortableCDplayer--E60
Withradio,stereoheadphones,case.Nobatteries.
16cmx13cmx6cm.Weighs2kg

5.Save25%
All
mens
pajamas

II．Wehavetwobasictypesofadvertisements.OneisAcommercialadvertisement(CAs商业广告),andtheotherisPublicserviceadvertisement(PSAs公益服务广告).ReadandenjoythefollowingadvertisementsanddecidewhicharePSAsandwhichareCAs.
1)MakeitpossiblewithCanon.佳能数码相机广告
2)Thedailymodern日产（尼桑）汽车广告
3)PlannedParenthood
Childrenbychoice,Notbychance
4)There’snobetterwaytofly.德国汉莎航空
5)Thepowerofdreams本田汽车广告
6)MakePovertyHistory
7)Likenoother索尼产品广告
8)TakeTOSHIBA,taketheworld.
9)Onebyonetheystepforward:anurse,ateacher,ahomemaker.Andlivesaresaved.
10)Wecanbeatextremepoverty,starvation,AIDS.Butweneedyourhelp
11)Thechoiceofanewgeneration.新一代的选择。——百事可乐
12)Askformore渴望无限——百事流行鞋
13)Impossiblemadepossible使不可能为可能——佳能打印机
14)Werenotaskingforyourmoney;wereaskingforyourvoice.
CAs：______________________________________________
______________________________________________
______________________________________________
PSAs:______________________________________________
______________________________________________
______________________________________________

Readingdiscussion
ReadthepassageofReadinganddecidethemainideasforeachparagraphafterdiscussion.
Para1__________________________________________________________
Para2__________________________________________________________
Para3__________________________________________________________
Para4__________________________________________________________
Activitiesanddiscussion
I.Learntodesignsomequestions，expressyouropinionandstatetheviews.
Q1：_________________________________________________________________
Q2：________________________________________________________________
Q3:________________________________________________________________
Q4:________________________________________________________________
II.TrytojoinyourmainideastogetherwithsomeothersentencestoformasummaryofyourReading.
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________

Wordsandexpressions
3．研析：
词汇
1.sharen.一份（报酬、责任、权利等），股份，
Ifyouwantashareofthepay,you’llhavetodoyourshareofthework.
如果你想得到一份报酬，就得做好你该分担的那一份工作。
Sheowns5000sharesinthecompany.她拥有公司的五千股份。
Childrenshouldhaveashareindecidingwhichsubjectstheystudy.
孩子们应可参与决定学习哪些课程。
Vt.tojoinwithotherpeopleinowning,using,ordoingsomething分享，共有，分担
Everyoneinthehousesharesthesamebathroom.
家里的人都共用一个浴室。
He’ssurewe’llwinthematch,butIdon’tsharehisfaithintheteam.
他肯定我们会赢这场比赛，但我没有他对球队的那种信念。
also又作shareout,todivideandgiveoutinshares分配，均分
Hispropertywassharedbetweenhischildren.
他的财产由他的孩子们平分了。
2.beusedto,
有用句型：be(get)usedtosth;beusedtodoingsth习惯于（某事）的；
ShegetsusedtoEnglishfood.
她开始习惯英国的食物。
I’mnotusedtogettingupsoearly.
我不习惯起得那么早。
[相关链接]：beusedtodosth
usedtodosth
woulddosth
Acomputercanbeusedtodoallitsaccounts.
电脑可以用来计算所有的账目。
Idon’tplaytennismuchthesedays,butIusedto.
我最近不太打网球，可是过去常打。
Weusedtoworkinthesameofficeandwewouldoftenhavecoffeetogether.
我们以前在同一个办公室工作，并且经常一起喝咖啡。
注意：usedtodosth表示过去经常、总是或有规律地发生的事，但现在不一定还那么做。usedn’tto否定缩略形式，usedto也常常被看作情态动词。
3.advertise，vt.做广告：为…做公开启事，尤指赞扬（某一产品或企业）的质量或优势以促销
1).tomakeknown;callattentionto:引起注意：使变得著名；引起对…的注意：
Iadvertisedmyintentiontoresign.
渲染我要辞职的意向
2).towarnornotify:告诫，告知：
Thiseventadvertisesmethatthereissuchafactasdeath.
这件事告诫我有死亡这样的事实
vi（不及物动词）
1).tocalltheattentionofthepublictoaproductorbusiness.做广告：引起公众对产品或企业的注意
Weadvertisedthroughthenewspaperfortheproductsofourfactory.
我们通过报纸宣传我们厂的产品。
2).toinquireorseekinapublicnotice,asinanewspaper:登广告：在公告，如报纸上询问或寻找：
Headvertisedforanapartmentwhenhejustarrivedinthiscity.
在他刚到这个城市时他登广告寻求公寓房
4.recommend,vt.（及物动词）
1).topraiseorcommend(one)toanotherasbeingworthyordesirable;endorse:推荐：向另外一个人称赞或推荐（某人或物），认为其有价值或合人心意；担保：
Theyrecommendedhimforthejob.
他们推荐他做那项工作。
Herecommendedasedaninsteadofastationwagon.
他推荐了轿子而不是马车
2).tomake(thepossessor,asofanattribute)attractiveoracceptable:使受欢迎：使（其拥有者，如其品质之拥有者）具有吸收力或使之可取：
Honestyrecommendsanyperson.
任何一个人都欢迎诚实的品质
Yourplanhasverylittletorecommendit.
你的计划几乎毫无可取之处。
3).tocommittothechargeofanother;entrust.托付：将……交给另一个人掌管；信托
Sherecommendachildtoherfriendwhenwasaway.
她不在家时把小孩子托给她的朋友照管。
4).toadviseorcounsel:劝告：建议或忠告：
Sherecommendedthatweavoidgivingoffense.
她建议我们避免找麻烦
vi.（不及物动词）
1).togiveadviceorcounsel:建议：给以劝告或忠告：
Herecommendedagainstsigninganinternationalagreement
他建议别签署国际协定。
5.determine,vt.（及物动词）
1).todecideorsettle(adispute,forexample)conclusivelyandauthoritatively.
判定：结论性、权威性地决定或解决（纠纷等）
Hedeterminedtogo.
他决意要去。
IamdeterminedtodobetterthanMike.
我决心比迈克做得更好。
Hedeterminedtogo[thathe(should)go]atonce.
他决心立刻就走。
2).tocause(someone)tocometoaconclusionorresolution.
使（某人）得出结论，使得出解决方法
Hehasnotdeterminedwhathewillstudy.
他还没有决定学什么。
Hisadvicedeterminedmetodrinkandsmokenomore.
他的劝告使我决定不再抽烟喝酒了。
3).tobethecauseof;regulate:
成为…的原因；控制：
Demanddeterminesproduction.
需求决定生产
4).togivedirectionto:
定向：指出方向：
Themanagementcommitteedeterminesdepartmentalpolicy.
管理委员会决定各部门的政策
vi.（不及物动词）
1).toreachadecision;resolve.解决，决定：作出决定；
Theydeterminedonanearlystart.
他们决定早些出发。
Ihavedeterminedon[upon]goingtothecountrysideaftergraduation.
我已决定毕业后到农村去。
6.appeal,vi.
1).呼吁；恳求
Thegovernmentisappealingtoeveryonetosavewater.
政府呼吁每个人节约用水。
ThevictimsfamiliesofthemurderhaveappealedtotheSupremeCourttohaveadefinitiveanswer.
谋杀案的被害家属已经请求最高法院作确切的答复。
2).（常与to连用）吸引；引起兴趣
Sheappealstome.
我对她感兴趣。
Brightcoloursappealtosmallchildren.
小孩喜欢鲜艳的颜色。
Doestheideaofworkingforaventurecompanyappealtoyou?
你有没有兴趣到合资企业去工作?
3).n.呼吁；恳求
anappealforforgiveness
恳求原谅
Theteacherlistenedtohisappeal.
老师倾听了他的要求。
4).（常与to连用）上诉；诉诸于
appealadecisiontoahighercourt
不服判决提出上诉
Heappealedagainstthejudgesdecision.
他不服法官判决而上诉。
7.approachvt.,vi.
1).走近；靠近
Weapproachedthemuseum.
我们走近博物馆。
2).（首次）接洽
Didheapproachyouaboutaloan?
他与你谈了借款的事了吗？
3).开始考虑；开始着手
Heapproachedtheideawithcaution.
他开始认真地考虑那个主意。
Heapproachedthenewjobwithenthusiasm.
他满怀热情地去干新的工作。
4).接近，近似
Thepopulationofourcityisapproaching5million
我们这个城市的人口接近500万
Itisnotallowedtoapproachtheforbiddenarea.
这里是禁区不许接近。
Thetimeisapproachingwhenwemustbeonboard.
我们上船的时间快到了。
[习惯用法]
attheapproachof
在...快到的时候
beapproaching(to)
与...差不多,大致相等
bedifficultofapproach
(指地方)难到达的;(指人)难于接近的
beeasyofapproach
(指地方)容易到达的,交通方便的;(指人)容易接近的
makeanapproachto
对...进行探讨
makeapproachestosb.
设法接近某人,想博得某人的好感
approachsb.onsth.
向某人接洽[商量、交涉]
approachsb.aboutsth.
向某人接洽[商量、交涉]
approachto
接近,近似,约等于;(做某事)的方法[途径]
8.satisfyvt.使幸福；使愉快;使满足，使满意
Thisworkdoesnotsatisfyme.
这件工作我不满意。
"Iwasntsatisfiedwithourtreatmentatthathotel,soIshallcomplaintotheproprietor."
"我不满意我们在那家旅馆受到的待遇,因此我要向旅馆老板投诉。"
（常与of,that连用）使确信；使消除疑虑
Iamsatisfiedthatheisguilty.
我确信他有罪。
IsatisfiedmyemployerthatIhadfinished.
我使老板相信我已经完成
adj.satisfied;感到满意的satisfying令人满足的,令人满意的
Thestoryhadasatisfyingending.那个故事的结局令人满意。
9.intendvt.想要,打算;企图;设计;计划;意指,意思是
Heintendshischildforadoctor他打算让孩子以后行医
Heintendsnoharm.他没有恶意。
Iintendtogohome.我想回家。
Thebookisintendedforbeginners.本书是为初学者编写的。
Whatdoyouintendbythatremark?你说这话是什么意思?
Isthatwhatyouintended?这是你的原意吗?
Iintenditasastop-gap.我想拿它凑数。
[相关链接]intend系正式用语,指“心里已有做某事的目标或计划”,含有“行动坚决”之意,如:
Iintendedtowritetoyou.
我要给你写信。
mean可与intend互换,但强调“做事的意图”,较口语化,如:
Imeantogotobedearliertonight.
今晚我想早些睡觉。
propose指“公开明确地提出自已的目的或计划”,如:
Iproposedtospeakforanhour.
我想讲一小时。
[习惯用法]
beintendedto(do)意思是使;是用来
beintendedtobe规定为,确定为
itisintendedthat企图,意图是
intendfor打算供...使用;打算送给；打算使...成为;想让...从事某事
10.protectvt.保护;保卫;准备支付(汇票)
protecthomeindustries保护国内工业
protectsb.fromdanger保护某人免遭危险
Alineoffortswasbuiltalongthebordertoprotectthecountryagainstattack.
在边界沿线构筑了堡垒,以防国家受到攻击。
Heraisedhisarmtoprotecthisface.
他举起手臂护住脸部。
Heiswearingsunglassestoprotecthiseyesfromthestrongsunlight.
他戴着太阳镜以挡强烈的阳光。
11.awareadj.[用作表语]知道的;意识到的
Hewasn’tawareofthedanger.他没意识到有危险。
Ididn’tbecomeawareofhisarrival.我没注意到他的到来。
注意：后接从句时of要省略。
Areyouawarethatyouhavehurtherfeelings?
你有没有察觉到你已经伤害了她的感情了呢？
Ibecameawarehowshemightfeel.
我察觉到她会有怎样的感受。
[相关链接]aware;conscious;sensible都含有“意识到的”意思。
aware侧重“感官所意识到的外界事物”,如:
EverybodyisawareoftheimportanceoftheFourModernizations.
每个人都意识到了四化的重要性。
conscious侧重“心理感知”,如:
Heisconsciousofasenseofquilt.他感到内疚。
sensible指“可用感官察觉到的(较复杂或抽象的事物的)”,如:
Iwassensibleofhersolemngrief.我知道她很悲哀。
unaware不知道的，没察觉到的unconscious不省人事的，未发觉的，无意识的
12.trickn.诡计,欺骗,骗术,奸计;谋略;恶作剧;卑鄙的手段;轻率愚蠢行为;习惯怪癖;(贬意)秘诀,窍门;手腕,手法;技艺,巧技;戏法,幻术;[口语]逗人的孩子;俏姑娘
Heexposedallthetricksoftheenemy他揭露了敌人的一切阴谋诡计。
adouble-dealingtrick两面派手法
Tomcanseethroughthemagicianstricks.
汤姆能看穿魔术家的戏法。
戏法；把戏；花样
Icandomagictricks.
我会玩魔术。
Hehaslearnedthetricksofthetrade
他学会了这行生意的诀窍
Hegotthemoneyfrommebyatrick.
他用诡计骗走了我的钱。
Thechildrenplayedatrickontheirteacher.
孩子们捉弄了他们的老师。
Tomhasthetrickoffrowning.
汤姆有皱眉头的习惯。
ameretrickofthelight
(魔术中)仅靠灯光造成的幻觉
anighttrick
夜班
aprettylittletrick
漂亮的少女
13.dealwith，vt.(dealt[delt])分配,分派(out);分,分给,授给,发(纸牌)
给以(打击);[常用于被动语态]对待,对付
dealsb.hardblows狠狠打击某人
dealthecards分牌
Youhavebeenwell/badlydealtbyhim.你受到了他的优/虐待。
vi.交易;经营(in)应付,处理,考虑,安排(with)，与...有关;论述,涉及(with)
从事,参与;生产;使用，交际,打交道,(和...)来往，对待,处分,惩处，分发(尤指分纸牌)
dealintea经营茶叶
dealwiththecards发牌
Heiseasytodealwith.
他很容易打交道。
Thecommitteewilldealwiththiscomplaint.
委员会将要处理这份投诉
Thebookdealswiththisproblem.
这本书论述了这个问题。
Theteacherdealsfairlywithhispupils.
这个教师公平地对待他的学生。
Howwouldyoudealwithanarmedburglar?
遇到持有武器的盗贼，你将如何对付？
14.believein信仰；信任;相信;认为（某事物）有价值
tobelieveinGod信仰上帝
Idontbelieveinthestory.
我不相信这件事。;我不相信这个故事。
Webelieveinhim.
我们信任他。
Doyoubelieveinghosts?
你相信有鬼吗?
Somepeoplebelieveineverlastinglifeafterdeath.
有些人相信永生。
Hebelievedintellingthetruth.
他相信说的是真话
Hebelievedinhomeopathy
他认为顺势疗法有效
Idontbelieveinlettingchildrendowhatevertheylike.
我不赞成让孩子为所欲为。
15.besupposedtodosth.,
Isupposeyouareright.
我想你说得对。
Letssuppose(that)thenewsistrue.
让我们假定这消息是真的。
Supposeyourfathersawyounow,whatwouldyousay？
假设你父亲现在看到了你,你该怎么说？
Creationsupposesacreator.
创造必须先有创造者。
Ishouldsupposehimtobeabouttwenty.
我猜他是二十岁左右。
Supposewegoforawalk.
我们去散散步吧。
besupposedto(do)
被期望或要求;应该;(用于否定句中)不被许可;据说
16.beofhighquality,
beof+抽象名词=be+该名的形容词形式
beofgreat(much)value/importance/use/help/interest=beveryvaluable/important/useful/helpful/interesting
Thedictionaryisofgreathelptomytranslationbutthatoneisofnouse.
这本字典对我的翻译有很大的帮助，但那本却没用。
Thereferencebookisofgreatimportancetomywriting.
这本参考书对我的写作是很重要的。
of的后也可加上特质名词
beof+thesame/differentsize/height/age/colour/weight/type/classetc.
Weareofthesameclass.
我们是同一个班的。
Thecoinsareofdifferentsizes,shapesandmetals.
这些硬币大小、形状、质地都不一样。
以上这两种of结构还可以用作宾补和名词的后置定语。
Doyouthinkthebookofanyinteresttomiddleschoolstudents?(宾补)
Oldfactorybuildingshavemanyhallsandworkshopsofdifferentsizes.(定语)
17.benefitn.利益,好处;恩惠;退休金;津贴;救济金;保险抚恤金义演;义赛
apublicbenefit公益
beofbenefittothepeople对人民有好处
disabilitybenefits残废抚恤金
abenefitmatch义赛
Thisdictionarywillbeofgreatbenefittome.这部字典将对我有很大裨益。n.
vt.有益于
Exercisebenefitsourhealth.运动有益于我们的健康。
vi.受益
Webenefitby[from]dailyexercises.每天做操对我们有益。
[习惯用法]
forthebenefitof为了...的好处
givesb.thebenefitofonesexperience用自己的经验[知识]帮助某人
inbenefit有资格得到救济金(指生病、失业等津贴)
outofbenefit没有资格得到救济金
sickbenefit疾病津贴
18.concernedn.所关切的事；涉及（某人）利害关系；焦虑；商行，公司；企业；康采恩，财团;股份;小玩意儿，小东西
haveconcernaboutthematter
关心此事
express/showdeepconcernforsb.
表示对某人十分关心
haveconcernoverafriendsmisfortune
忧虑友人的不幸
agoingconcern
开着的商店；发展中的事业
jointstockconcern
股份公司
payingconcern
有收益的企业
apettyconcern
细事
Whatconcernisitofyours?
此事与你有什么关系？
Thereissomecauseforconcernbutnoneedforalarm.
是有点令人忧虑，但不必惊慌。
Shehasaconcerninthatcompany.
她在那家公司有股份。
Herringisanoddlittleconcernfittedwithblinkingdiamonds.
她的戒指是装有许多闪光钻石的小玩意儿。
[习惯用法]
asconcerns关于
asfaras...beconcerned关于；至于；就...而言
beconcernedabout关心
beconcernedover(at)sth.为某事忧虑
beconcernedinsth.和某事有牵连
beconcernedwith牵涉到，与...有关，参与
everydayconcerns日常事务
feelconcernabout忧虑，挂念
giveoneselfnoconcern(about)不关切，对...冷淡
haveaconcernin和...有利害关系
havenoconcernfor毫不关心
havenoconcernwith和...毫无关系
itisnoconcernofmine(yours)这不关我［你］的事
ofmuchconcern很重要，很有关系
ofnoconcern无关紧要，没有意义
withconcern关切地
concernoneselfaboutsth.忙于；从事；关心，关切
concernoneselfinsth.忙于；从事；关心，关切
concernoneselfwithsth.忙于；从事；关心，关切
19.dependvi.[通常与on,upon连用]依靠,依赖;相信,信赖;取决于,由...而定
[习惯用语]
Thatdepends.
[口]要看情况而定。
Italldepends.
[口]要看情况而定。
Youmaydependuponit.
[口]肯定无疑;放心好了。
dependon
依靠;由...而定,取决于;从属于;依赖其维持
dependupon
依靠;由...而定,取决于;从属于;依赖其维持
dependuponit
[口]肯定无疑,保管没错,我敢说(用于句首或句末,不必加主语)
20.comeupwith,找出，想出（答案，计划等）
You’vecomeupwithagoodidea.
你想出来的主意好极了。
Theymightcomeupwithaplan.
他们有可能想出一个计划了。
Hecouldntcomeupwithananswer.
他回答不上来。
Hecouldntcomeupwithanappropriateanswerjustatthetime.
那时他想不出一个合适的答案。
语法点津
directspeech(directnarration)直接叙述的话语，即直接引语。thestyleusedinwritingtoreportwhatsomeonesaidbyrepeatingtheiractualwords.
reportedspeech(indirectspeech)转告引述的话语，即间接引语。thestyleusedinwritingtoreportwhatsomeonesaidwithoutrepeatingtheiractualwords.
Notes:
1．引述一般疑问句或附加疑问句时，通常用whether或if引导，而引述选择疑问句时，一般只能用whether引导。
E.g.:“Doeshereallymeanit?”
----Iwonderedwhether/ifhereallymeantit.
“Theyliveingroups,don’tthey?”
----Heaskedwhether/iftheylivedingroups.
“Isthisbookyoursorhis?”
----Sheaskedmewhetherthisbookwasmineorhis.
2．引述特殊疑问句时，用原句中的wh-词引导。
E.g.:“Whydidn’tyoustopher?”
----HeaskedwhyIhadn’tstoppedher.
3.引述陈述句时，用连词that引导（that在口语中常被省略）。
e.g.:Hesaid,“Ilikeitverymuch.”
----Hesaidthathelikeditverymuch.
“I’veleftmybookinyourroom.”
----Hetoldmethathehadlefthisbookinmyroom.
3.引述祈使句时，要将祈使句的动词原形变成带to的不定式，并在不定式的前面根据句子的意思加上tell,ask,order等动词，如果祈使句为否定句，在不定式的前面加上not。
Shesaidtous,“Pleasesitdown.”
----Sheaskedustositdown.
Hesaidtohim,“Goaway!”
----Heorderedhimtogoaway.
Hesaid,“Don’tmakesomuchnoise,boys.”
----Hetoldtheboysnottomakesomuchnoise.
在将直接引语变成间接引语时要特别注意几个变化：
1）人称的变化：间接引语是转述别人的话，说话时由于角色的不同，人称代词要根据实际情况作相应的变化。
e.g.MrBlacksaid,“I’mbusy.”
----MrBlacksaidthathewasbusy.
“Doyoumindmyopeningallyourwindows?”heaskedus.
----Heaskedusifwemindedhisopeningallourwindows.
2)时态的变化：如主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，直接引语变成间接引语时，从句的谓语动词在时态方面要作相应的变化。中主句的谓语动词是现在时，从句的时态则无需变化。
直接引语转换成间接引语时时态的变化例句
直接引语间接引语
一般现在时
一般过去时
现在进行时
过去进行时
现在完成时
过去完成时
一般过去时
过去完成时
过去完成时
过去完成时不变
一般将来量
过去将来时Hesaid,"ImafraidIcant
finishthiswork."
Hesaid,"Imusingthe
knife."
Shesaid,"Ihavenotheard
fromhimsinceMay."
Hesaid;"Icametohelp
you."
Hesaid,"Ihadfinishedmy
homeworkbeforesupper."
ZhouLansaid,"I11doit
afterclass."Hesaidthathewasafraidhe
couldntfinishthatwork.
Hesaidthathewasusingthe
knife.
Shesaidthatshehadnot
heardfromhimsinceMay.
Hesaidthathehadcome
tohelpme.
Hesaidthathehadfinished
hishomeworkbeforesupper.
ZhouLansaidthatshewould
doitafterclass.
2）指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和动词的变化
直接引语转换成间接引语时的变化例句
直接引语间接引语
thisthat

thesethose

nowthen

todaythatday

yesterday
thedaybefore
tomorrow
thenext(following)day
herethere

comego
Shesaid,"Iwillcomethis
morning."
Hesaid,"Thesebooksare
mine."
Hesaid,"Itisnineoclock
now.
Hesaid,"Ihaventseenher
today."
Shesaid,"Iwentthere
yesterday."
Shesaid,“I11gothere
tomorrow.?“
Hesaid,"Mysisterwas
herethreedaysago."
Shesaid,"Iwillcomehere
thisevening."Shesaidthatshewouldgothat
morning.
Hesaidthatthosebookswere
his.
Hesaidthatitwasnineoclock
then.
Hesaidthathehadntseenher
thatday.
Shesaidthatshehadgone
therethedaybefore.
Shesaidthatshewouldgothere
thenext(following)day.
Hesaidthathissisterhadbeen
therethreedaysbefore.
Shesaidthatshewouldgothere
thatevening.
自主演练
A．单项填空20题
1.Thenewlypublishedbook,whichrefers_______basicEnglishgrammar,is_________onlyforbeginners.
A.as;meantB.for;intendedC.to;plannedD.to;intended
2.Themiddle-agedcoupleintendstheirson,whoisinseniorthreenow,__________adoctor.
A.forB.inC.asD.after
3.The3-storyed-building,newlybuilt_________,thesportsfieldofourschool,isintended__________amulti-functionallanguagelab.
A.on;asB.behind;asC.in;forD.beyond;for
4.Theofficial,whohadmuch________atdealing__________troublesomeaffairs,wasshottodeathbyaterrorist.
A.experiment;withB.experience;with
C.experiences;forD.experienced;for
5.Thepopularmusicianwasasked___________sheshouldintendtobeherpartnerinthenextconcert.
A.whatB.whomC.howD.when
6.--------Wasthejudge_________withtheresult?
---------Idon’tthinkso.Butperhapsnojudgeiseasy__________.
A.satisfying;satisfiedB.satisfied;tosatisfy
C.satisfactory;tobesatisfiedD.satisfaction;satisfactory
7.Wind__________electricitywidelyinanypartsoftheworld.
A.isusedtoproduceB.isusedtoproducing
C.usedtoproduceD.usedtoproducing
8.Whenhewasthere,he__________gotothatcoffeeshopatthecornerafterworkeveryday.
A.wouldB.shouldC.hadbetterD.might
9.Mother_________usstorieswhenwewereyoung.
A.wasusedtotellB.wasusedtotellingC.usedtotellD.usedtotelling
10.Moreandmorepeoplenowadayshavecome__________takingexerciseeveryday.
A.believeB.believeinC.tobelieveD.tobelievein
11.I_________whathe’ssaidbecauseI__________him.
A.believe;believeB.believein;believein
C.believe;believeinD.believein;believe
12.TheypickedthetownofTobermoryonMullbecausethebrightlycoloredhousesappeal________children.
A.toB.forC.againstD.with
13.Theytrickedtheprettygirl_________stealingmoneyfromthestore.
A.intoB.toC.withD.against
14.Nickislookingforanotherjobbecausehefeelsthatnothinghedoes________hisboss.
A.servesB.satisfiedC.promisesD.supports
15.-------You________partinthepartyintime.
--------Sorry,Iwasdelayedbytheaccident.
A.aresupposedtotakeB.havesupposedtotake
C.aresupposedtohavetakenD.supposedtotake
16.Hewaspersuaded__________acollegegraduatebutheknewnothingabouthistory.
A.tobeB.beingC.tohavebeenD.havingbeen
17.There_____alotofcoalminesinthesouth,butmanyofthemhavebeenclosedorare_____beclosed.
A.usetohaving;abouttoB.usedtobe;to
C.usetohaving;goingtoD.usedtobe;supposedto
18．Yoursuggestionis_______tous.
A.ofveryvalueB.greatvaluableC.ofgreatvalueD.veryvalue
19.Helefttheplace,_______never________backagain.
A.determined;tocomeB.beingdetermined;tocome
C.determined;comingD.determining;coming
20.Canyoutellme__________________________?
A.WhatlifewillbelikeinthefutureB.Whatwilllifebelikeinthefuture
C.HowlifewillbelikeinthefutureD.Howwilllifebelikeinthefuture

B．短文填空
Whatmakesagooda1?Therehavebeenmajorchangesina____2_____inthepastsixtyyears.Peoplereadadvertisementspartlyfori3andpartlybecausetheyareinteresting.Today’sadvertisementsoftenstartwithaquestion,orapuzzle,withthepurposeofa4thereader’sa5.Ofcourse,mostadvertisementscontaininformation.Butthisisusuallycontainedinatextthatisinterestingandoftenfunny.Humourisveryimportant.Sometimesadvertisementstellas6,orthestorymaybec7overanumberofadvertisements.However,thereisadangerinthis.Itispossiblethatthereaderorviewerwillp8theadvertisementbutnotthenameofther9.
Thereareotherd10.Ifyouaresellingyourproductinaforeignmarket,youmustcheckthatthet11iscorrect.Acompanythatsoldhaircreamwantedtosay“Xputslifeintodryhair.”Theytooksomep12ofahandsomeactor,andtheadvertisementsa13onlargeboardsbythesideoftheroad.Nobodyboughttheproduct,however,becausewhentranslateditmeant“Xputslivingthingsintodryhair.”
Inthe1960saBritishcarcompanywhichmadeveryexpensivecarswasabouttosellitslatestcarinGermany.However,thec14hadtochangethenameofthecaratthelastmoment.AGermanspeakeratthefactorypointedouttothes15managerthattheBritishnameofthecarmeant“animalwaste”inGerman.

C．词汇题
1.-------Excuseme,mayIaskyousomequestions?
--------Sorry,I’mtoobusyandIhaven’tevenaminuteto__________.
A.spendB.shareC.spareD.stop
2.-------Doesheworkhardathislesson?
-------Yes,he________noefforts,Idaresay.
AprotectsBdeterminesCsparesDwastes
3.Youdon’thaveto_________theumbrellas;I’llgiveyouoneeach.
A.advertiseB.beusedtoC.shareD.persuade
4.Wehaveto__________thepracticalmeasures.
A.comeoutB.comeupwithC.comeupD.comeout
5.Thecrowdistoonoisy,butanywayIhavetomakemyself______tothembecausethenews
issoimportanttothem.
A.supposedB.understoodC.heardD.known
6.IwaslookingthroughChinaDailywhenan__________forasecond-handcarattractedmyattention.
A.advertiseB.advertisingC.advertisementsD.ad
7.We_________himtostopsurfingtheinternet,buthewouldn’t.
A.persuadedB.triedtopersuadeC.suggestedD.demanded
8.Wouldyou__________meagooddictionary?
A.commandB.demandC.recommendD.recommendation
9.Themotheris_________aboutherson’sfuture.
A.caredB.knownC.concernedD.impressed
10._______isahighlydevelopedtwentieth-centuryindustry.
A.AdvertisementB.AdvertisingC.AdvertiseD.Advertiser

D．改错题1篇10题
短文改错的解题基本思路应该是：
一．通篇阅读语篇,整体把握短文意思,始终以理解为主线,以上下文为依据找出句中的错误。许多时候，就某一行或某一句单独而言常常难以判断其正确与否，错误何在，故必须以全篇为一整体才可对该句或者对该行作出判断。
二．以句为单位，找行中错误，开始答题时要把每一行都看成有错来判断（错词、多词、缺词），而判断的依据一定是上下文，最小单位是一个完整的句子。具体解题过程中，应该注意把握下列几个方面的一致问题：
一)．时态一致
对时态的考查是历年高考短文改错题必考的考点之一,一般为一到两题.主要检查考生是否具有判断短文中谓语动词的时态与上下文、特定语言环境及该句的时间状语是否保持了呼应与一致的能力。
例1．Irememberedherwordsandcalmdown.(NMET00)根据上文中的remembered得知时间是在过去，所以calm的时态应与上文保持一致，应该改为calmed。
例2．Timepassesquickly.Eveningcame.(NMET03)通篇的时态是过去时，所以应把passes改为passed.
二)．主谓一致
谓语动词在人称和数上是否与主语保持一致。
例1．Nowmypictureandtheprizeishanginginthelibrary.(NMET00)mypictureandtheprize是复数，其谓语也应该用复数。这里的is应改为are。
例2．Theirwordwereagreatencouragementtome.(NMET03)
此句的主语word与谓语明显不一致，应将word改为words.此题也是由谓语反过来判断主语，是不是现在出题的一种趋向，笔者不敢妄下结论。
三)．平行一致
notonly…butalso…,either…or…,neither…nor…，not…but…以及and,but,or等并列连词或词组连接的结构可称为平行结构。在平行结构中，词性、时态、短语等形式须保持前后一致。
例1.Asweclimbedthemountain,wefedmonkeys,visitingtemplesandtoldstories.(NMET02)依据平行一致原则，此处非谓语动词visiting应与前后文的fed,told保持一致，改为visited.
例2．Ifollowedheradviceandshouldputdown100wordsorsoeachday.(NMET03)此句中的should应删除，并列连词and前后的形态应该一样，与前文followed保持时态上的平行一致。put过去式和原形一样。
例3．Ilikeditverymuchandreadsittotheclass.(NMET03)此句and前后应一致,read和like的时态是一样的，应改为read
四)．数的一致
名词的数须与其修饰语保持一致
例1．OnthewayupIwasbusytakingpicturesincethescenerywassobeautiful.(NMET02)
由上下文得知拍了许多照片应该用takepictures，应把picture改为pictures.
例2．Shesaidthatsheandmyschoolmateallwishedmesuccess.(NEMT00)
myschoolmate应该不止一个。所以要把schoolmate改为schoolmates.
五)．修饰语与中心词的一致
句中的主要词（中心词）应与其修饰词间保持一致。
例1．…sothatIllgetgoodmarksinallmysubject.(NMET2001)
all修饰可数名词时，其后名词应为复数。subject该为subjects。
例2．Whatthingsareinotherhomes,Iwonder.(NMET01)这里应该找一个词作状语，修饰整个句子，意为“我想知道其他家庭是怎样的？”此时应找副词How才可保持一致。
六)．代词数、性、格的一致
用于指代的各类代词应在数、性、格上与上下文保持一致。
例1．Thethreeofthemwerearrivedatthefootofthemountain.(NEMT02)
此短文以第一人称叙述，三个人指myparentsandI,所以不应该用them而要用us.
例2．Itwasaboutnoonwearrivedatthefootofthemountain.(NMET02)
这里考查限制性定语从句。先行词noon在从句中作时间状语，应加when指代上文的noon.
七)．语态一致
句中谓语动词或非谓语动词应与上下文语态保持一致。
例1．Booksmaybekeepforfourweeks.(NEMT94)
与其主语Books相对应，此处应为被动语态，故keep应改为kept。
例2.Myfatherhaslittletimeforfilms.Butonedayashewasfinishedhiswork,hefoundafilmticketundertheglassonthedesk.Father与finish之间是主动关系。应把was去掉。
八)．搭配一致
句中的固定搭配应保持完整并与上下文一致。
例1．IfeltsonervousasIshooklikealeaf.(NMET00)后跟从句，保持一致须用so…that结构这一固定搭配。as改为that.
例2.Myteacheradvisedmetokeepmydiary.(NMET03)
keepadiary是固定搭配，应把改为a。
例3．SoonIbegantoenjoytalktomyselfonpaperasIwaslearningtoexpressmeinsimpleEnglish.(NMET03)
enjoydoingexpressoneself是固定搭配。应把talk改为talking;me改为myself
以上为正面考固定搭配，有时考题恰恰利用我们对固定搭配的思维定势来扰乱我们的思路，反面考固定搭配。如：
例4.IwassotiredthatIfellasleepatthemomentmyheadtouchedthepillow.(NMET02)atthemoment为固定搭配，学生误认为是正确的，其实themoment是名词短语引导的状语从句。所以要把at去掉。
同理：Wemaybeonefamilyandliveunderthesameroof,butwedonotseemtogetmuchtimetotalkabouttogether(MENT01)应把about去掉。
Thetimepassedquickly.Eveningcamedown.把down去掉。
九)．逻辑一致
这是一种隐蔽性较强且常考的考点之一，检查时应通篇考虑，重点在连词、代词，肯定与否定，及相对应的动词如come与go等。
例1．Shewassmilingbutnoddingatme.(NMET00)
上下文看，应为She---myEnglishteacher微笑且点头鼓励我，but应为and。
例2．IalwaysthoughtinChineseandtriedtotranslateanythingintoEnglish(NMET03)
从上文可知,我总是用汉语思考再把一切译成英语。所以应把anything改为everything.
总之，只要同学们掌握解题技巧，认清以上九个一致.短文改错将会和其它题型一样可以取得优异的成绩。下面就让我们来实战一下：

TodayisNoTobaccoDay.Ihopedthatsmokerswillgiveup1.__________
smokingfromnowon.Smokingcigarettecanleadtoheart2.__________
disease,cancerandtheotherhealthproblems.Asweknownow,3.__________
itdoesgreatharmonlytosmokersthemselves,buttothose4.__________
whodoesn’tsmoke.Itisreportedthatatleastthreehundredand5.__________
twentythousandAmericanskilledbysmokingeachyear.6.__________
Andabout40millionofAmericanscontinuetosmokecigarettestoday.7.__________
Fortunately,moreandmorepeoplehavecometorealizethedangerous8.__________
ofsmokingandbegintostopit.Asastudent,youshouldntform9.__________
suchabadhabit.Domakeyourmindtostopsmokingifyouhave10._________
startedsmoking.

E．书面表达
1．单句翻译:
1.这个学校时的所有的人都一个餐厅里吃饭。(share)

2.我们以前在同一个办公室工作，但我三年前就离开那儿了。(usedto)

3.我们通过广播、电视宣传我们厂的产品。(advertise)

4.他推荐Tom在那个学校当教师。(recommend)

5.我决心把英语学得更好。(determine)

6.市政府号召所有的市民要节约用电。(appeal)

7.开会的时间快到了。(approach)

8.我使老师相信我已经完成家庭作业。(satisfy)

9.他穿着一件厚厚的大衣以便御寒。(protect)

10.家长要公平地对待他们的孩子。(deal)

2．短文写作训练
Wecanseeadvertisementsandposterseverywhere.Companies,shops,hotelsandsoonadvertiseinnewspapers,inmagazines,onTV...Advertisementsinfluenceourdailylife.
A.Workwithyourpartnerandwritetwoadvertisementsfor:
1.ApersontohelpwithyourspokenEnglish.

2.Asecond-handbike.

B.CollectasmanyEnglishadvertisementsaspossibleandbringthemtotheclasstosharewithyourpartners.

F．阅读文章。
A
ANadvertisementwhichsays“Nostoppingontheway”carriedontheRouteNo.185busesinGuangzhouhascausedsomecontroversy,accordingtotheWebsiteoftheNanfangDailyonTuesday.
AnumberofpassengerscomplainedthatthewordingleftthempuzzledwhiletheywerewaitingforRouteNo.185buses.
Butaspokesmanwiththeexpresspostalservicecompanywhichcreatedtheadvertisementsaidtheadvertisementreferredtointernationalpostalexpressservices.
Thespokesmansaidtheadvertisementwouldnotbemisleadingbecauseofthewords:“ArrivingintheU.S.intwodays”followingthe“Nostoppingontheway.”
AreporterfromtheNanfangDailywenttotheTianhenanBusStopTuesdaytoseehowpassengersrespondedtotheadvertisement.
AssoonasaRouteNo.185busarrived,fiveorsixpassengersrushedtogetonthebuswhiletwoseemedtobeconfusedwiththeadvertisement,askingthemselves:“Sowhatarethestopswheretheywon’tstop.”
Thebusdriversaidthewordsonthebuswerejustadvertisinglanguage.
“Residentsshouldnotbetroubledbecauseabushastostopateverystoponitsroute.”
Butsomepassengerssaidtheadvertisementwasconfusingandshouldnotappearonbuses,althoughitcouldbeunderstoodoncloserexamination.”
B
AMissZhang,whoworkswithanestablishedadvertisingcompanyinGuangzhou,saidanadvertisementwiththistypeofspecialwordingwaswelldone.
Tomsawanadvertisementinanewspaperforabeautifulmodernbicyclewhichcost￡50,sohewenttotheshopwhichhadputtheadvertisementinandaskedtoseeoneoftheirwonderfulbicycles.
TheshopkeeperwasveryhappytoshowonetoTom,whoexamineditcarefullyandthenturnedtotheshopkeeper,saying,"Thereisntalamponthisbicycle,buttherewasoneonthebicycleinyouradvertisement.""Yes,sir,"answeredtheshopkeeper,"butthelampisntincludeinthepriceofthebicycle.Itsanextra."
"Notincludeinthepriceofthebicycle?"Tomsaidangrily,"Butthatnothonest.Ifthelampsintheadvertisement,itshouldhavebeenincludedinthepriceyougavethere."
"Well,sir,"answeredtheshopkeepercalmly,"thereisalsoagirlonthebicycleinouradvertisement,butwedontsupplyoneofthemwiththebicycleeither."
C
Youngpeoplewhoareexposedtomultipleanti-tobaccoadvertisementsontelevisionandwhocandescribetheseadsaccuratelyarelesslikelytotakeupsmokingthantheirpeers,studyfindingsshow.
What＇smore,theirlikelihoodofremainingnonsmokersappearstoincreasewiththenumberoftelevisionadstheyviewandareabletocorrectlydescribe.
Thefindingsarebasedontelephoneresponsesfrom12to20-year-oldsinvolvedinafollow-upsurvey20monthsaftertheApril2001startoftheFlorida″truth″anti-tobaccomediacampaign.
Thiscampaignincluded11televisionadsthataimedtopreventyouthfromstartingsmokingbyinformingthemaboutstrategiesusedbythetobaccoindustrytopopularizesmoking.
Thosewhowereabletodescribe,indetail,atleastoneofthe11adswere23％morelikelytoremainnonsmokersatfollow－up.Thealmost40％ofyouthwhowereabletoaccuratelydescribefourormoreadswere68％morelikelytoremainnonsmokers,thereportindicates.
Incontrast,youngpeoplewhowereunabletoaccuratelydescribeanyofthetelevisionadsweremorelikelytosaythatthecampaignthemedidnotinfluencetheirsmokinginanyway.

C.展示你所收集的广告，并进行描述，说明自己的观点。

D.多彩世界
1.完形填空
　AtthetimewhenBillandRosegotmarried,neitherofthemhadmuchmoney.Sotheywere1tobuyahouseorflat.Forthefirstyearsoftheir2life,they,therefore,3inrented(租凭的)flats.ThenBill’sfatherdiedand4himsomemoney,sotheyboughtahouse.Whentheymovedintoitforthefirsttime,oneofBill’s5senthimabottleofwineasapresenttocelebratehisentry(住进)intothefirsthousehehadowned.BillandRosehadalotofworktodo,gettingtheirthings6,arrangingthefurniture,gettingcurtainsandalltherest,sothey7aboutthebottleofwine.Infact,they8itawayinacupboardwithoutevenunpacking(拿出)it.BillandRosealreadyhadtwo9whentheymovedintotheirnewhouse,andafewmonthslater,thethirdwasborn.WhenRosecamehomefromthe10withthebaby.Bill11somefriendsroundto12itsarrival,andtheyhadawonderful13,withplentytoeatandtodrink.Afterthepartyhadbeenonforsometime,however,Billfoundthatthewinewas14.15,herememberedthebottlewhichhisfriendhadgivenhimwhentheyhadmovedintothenewhouseandwhichwasstilllyingunpackedina16somewhereinthehouse.Hefounditwithsomedifficultyand17itintotheliving-roomwherehis18weresitting.Whenhehadunwrappedthebottle,hesawacardtiedtoit,sohetookitandreadit19toothers.10said“Bill,takegoodcareofthisone—itisthefirstonethatisreallyyours.”
1.A.unableB.tryingC.advisedD.expected
2.A.happyB.marriedC.sadD.bitter
3.A.movedB.succeededC.livedD.gave
4.A.carriedB.broughtC.sentD.left
5.A.niecesB.workersC.friendsD.classmates
6.A.unpackedB.preparedC.tiedD.sold
7.A.forgotB.thoughtC.lookedD.cared
8.A.sentB.putC.tookD.kept
9.A.fathersB.daughtersC.childrenD.dogs
10.A.prisonB.policestationC.shopD.hospital
11.A.demandedB.expectedC.invitedD.wished
12.A.joininB.celebrateC.attendD.drank
13.A.partyB.timeC.dayD.rest
14.A.servedB.finishedC.preparedD.bought
15.A.AndB.ThereforeC.LuckilyD.Although
16.A.cupboardB.boxC.tableD.living-room
17.A.sentB.broughtC.fetchedD.led
18.A.familyB.wifeC.guestsD.workers
19.A.silentB.loudC.aloudD.calm
20.A.HeB.WhichC.TheyD.It
2.阅读理解：
A
Advertisinggivesusefulinformationaboutwhichproductstobuy.Butmodernadvertisingdoesmorethangivesnewsaboutproductsandservices.Today’sadvertisements,orads,trytogetconsumers(消费者)tobuycertainbrands(品牌).Writersofadvertisingaresoskillfulthattheycan.sometimespersuadeaconsumertowearacertainkindofclothing,eataspecialkindofcereal(麦片),orseeamovie.Consumersmightneverevenwantaproductiftheydidnotseeorhearadvertisementsforit.
Forexample,youprobab1ydonotneedthenewestcerealinthesupermarket.Thereareprobablymanycerealbrandsonyourkitchenshelves.Youmaynothavespaceonashelfforanother.Butifyouseeadsaboutanewcerealthatisyourextra-tastyandhasafreeprizeinthebox,youmaywantit.
Advertisingmustgetattention.Tobeeffective,itmustbeexciting,entertaining,orprovidesomepleasure.Thesecretofwritinggoodadvertisingcopyistoofferagoodideaaswellasaproduct.Theideaiswhattheadisreallyselling.Oneexampleisanadthatsayseatingacertaincerealwillmakeapersondowellinsports.Thatcerealbrandmaysellbetterifconsumersthinkitoffersstrengthandenergy.
1.Whatisdiscussedinthispassage?
A.Thecontentofmodernadvertising.B.Theskillsofmodernadvertising.
C.Theresultsofmodernadvertising.D.Thewritingofmodernadvertising.
2.Accordingtothepassage,agoodadvertisementshould.
A.bebothpersuasiveandeffectiveB.givepeopleusefulinformation
C.showpeopleaproductD.showpeopleanewideaofaproduct
3.Fromthepassage,weknowthat.
A.modernadvertisinghaslesseffectoncustomers
B.oncecustomersseeadsaboutanewcerea1,theyaresuretobuyit
C.cerealcanmakepeoplestrong
D.cerealisakindoffoodwhichispopularamongpeople
4.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?
A.Customerscaneasilybepersuadedbyadvertisements.
B.Customersshouldbepersuadedbyadvertisements.
C.It’simpossibleforcustomerstobuyaproductwithoutadvertisements.
D.Customersbuyproductsaccordingtotheirdemandsratherthantheadvertisements.
B
Areyouworriedbytherisingcrimerate?Ifyouare,youprobablyknowthatyourhouse,possessionsandpersonareincreasinglyindangerofsufferingfromgreatriseinthecasesofburglaryandattack.
Figuresshowanever-increasingcrimerate,butitisonlytooeasytoimagine"Itwillneverhappentome".Unfortunately,statisticsshowthatitreallycanhappentoyouand,ifyouliveinalargecity,youruntwicetheriskofbeingavictim.
Fortunately,thereissomethingdefinitewhichyoucando.ProtectAlarmscanhelptoprotectyourhousewithaburglaralarmsystemwhichiseffective,simpletooperateandeasilyaffordable.
Youmustrememberthatowningaburglaralarmisnoindicationthatyourhouseispackedwithvaluablepossessions.Itquitesimplyindicatestounwelcomevisitorsthatyoursisonehousetheywillnotbreakintoeasily,sotheycarryontoanunprotectedhousewheretheirjobismadealoteasier.
SendnowforourfreeleaflettellingyouhowwecanProtectAlarmyourhousequickly,easilyandcheaply.Completeandtearofftheslipbelowandpostittous.Postageisfree.Also,telephoneuson3276721wherewehavearound-the-clockansweringservice.ItcostsnothingtofindoutaboutProtectAlarm.
1.Anyonewhotakesaninterestinthecrimeratewill,accordingtothetext,beawarethat___________.
A.moreburglarsarebeingcaughtthaneverbefore
B.peoplehavemorepossessionstoworryaboutnowadays
C.burglarsaremoreatriskthantheyusedtobe
D.homesaremorelikelytobebrokenintonowadays
2.Itseemsthatpeoplewholiveincitiesare____________
A.moreoftenvictimsthanthoselivinginotherareas
B.oftheopinionthatstatisticsarewrong
C.twiceaswellaspeoplelivinginotherareas
D.oftheopinionthatburglarsonlyrobunprotectedhomes
3.ThewriterofthetextwantstogivetheimpressionthattheProtectAlarmsystemis_____.
A.elementaryB.everlastingC.experimentalD.economical
4.Thearticleclaimsthatpossessinganalarmsystemwill_________.
A.showburglarsthatyouhavesomethingworthstealing
B.persuadeburglarsnottobreakintoyourhouse
C.maketheburglarsjoblesscomplicated
D.persuadeburglarstotryagainanothertime
5.Inordertofindoutmoreinformationaboutthisalarmsystemonecan_______.
A.buyaleafletB.writeenclosingastamped,addressedenvelope
C.signacontractD.phoneatanytimeofdayornight
6.Theunderlinedword"Figures"inthesecondparagraphcanbereplacedby""
A.IllustrationsB.FingersC.NumbersD.Statistics
7.Hewasunluckythathishousewas__________lastnight.
A.smashedintoB.burstintoC.brokenintoD.transportedinto
8.Heshouldntrunthe____________oflosinghislifecrossingtheroad
withthegreenlighton.
A.riskB.dangerC.threatD.fright
C
AmbassadorHotel
WelcometotheAmbassadorHotel.Tomakeyourstayasenjoyableaspossible,wehopeyouwilluseourfacilitiestothefull.
DiningRoom
Breakfastisservedinthediningmomfrom8a.m.to9:30a.m.Alternatively,theroomstaffwillbringabreakfasttraytoyourroomatanytimeafter7a.m.Inthiscase,pleasefilloutacardandhangitoutsideyourdoorwhenyougotobed.
Lunch:12:00a.m.to2:30p.m.
Dinner:7:30p.m.to9:00p.m.
RoomService
Thisoperates24hoursaday;phonethereceptiondesk,andyourmessagewillbepassedontotheroomstaff.
Telephones
Tomakeaphonecall,dial0forReceptionandasktobeconnected.Weapologizefordelaysinputtingcallsthroughwhenthestaffareverybusy.TherearealsopublictelephoneboothsneartheReceptionDesk..Earlycallsshouldbebookedwithreception.
Laundry
Wehavealaundryinthehotel,andwillwashironandreturnyourclotheswithin24hours.Asktheroomstafftocollectthem
Bar
Thehotelbarisopenfrom12a.m.to2p.m.and7p.m.to1a.m.

1.Youwouldseethisnotice_________.
A.inahotelbar
B.inahoteldiningroom
C.inabedroomofalargeinternationalhotel
D.intheentranceofasmallfamilyhotel
2.Whatshouldyoudoifyouhavearrivedtostayatthehotelat2a.m.andwantsomethingtoeat?
A.Gotothehotelshop.B.Gotothehotelbar.
C.Hangamessageoutsideyourdoor.D.PhoneReception.
3.WhatshouldyoudowhenyoucomebacktothehoteltomakeanimportantcallandseealotofpeoplearoundtheReceptiondesk?
A.Gotoyourroomandphonefromthere.
B.AskattheReceptiondesk.
C.Useoneofthetelephonesintheentrancehall.
D.Gooutagainandlookforapublicphonebox
4.Whatdoyouthinkaroomstaff’slastjobisbeforehegoesoffdutyat6p.m.?
A.Laythetablesinthediningroom.
B.Checkthebedroomdoors.
C.Startpreparingthebreakfast.
D.Wakeanyoftheguestswhohaveaskedforearlycalls.

D
Willitmatterifyoudon’ttakeyourbreakfast?RecentlyatestwasgivenintheUnitedStates.Thosetestedincludedpeopleofdifferentages,from12to83.Duringtheexperiment,thesepeopleweregivenallkindsofbreakfasts,andsometimestheygotnobreakfastatall.Specialtestsweresetuptoseehowwelltheirbodiesworkedwhentheyhadeatenacertainkindofbreakfast.Theresultsshowthatifapersoneatsaproperbreakfast,heorshewillworkwithbettereffectthanifheorshehasnobreakfast.Thisfactappearstobeespeciallytrueifapersonworkswithhisbrains,ifastudenteatsfruit,eggs,breadandmilkbeforegoingtoschool,hewilllearnmorequicklyandlistenwithmoreattentioninclass.Contrarytowhatmanypeoplebelieve,ifyoudon’teatbreakfast,youwillnotloseweight.Thisisbecausepeoplebecomesohungryatnoonthattheyeattoomuchforlunch,andendupgainingweightinsteadoflosing.Youwillprobablylosemoreweightifyoureduceyourothermeals.
1.Theresultsofthetestshowthat______
A.breakfasthasgreateffectonworkandstudies.
B.breakfasthasmuchtodowithpeople’shealth.
C.apersonwillworkbetterifhehassimplebreakfast
D.breakfastonlyaffectsthosewhoworkwiththeirbrains.
2.Thepassagementionsthatmanypeoplebelievethatifyoudon’teatbreakfast,youwill____.
A.notloseweightB.behealthier
C.gainweightD.loseweight
3.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat_____
A.onecanworkbetterwithoutbreakfast.
B.morningdietwilldogoodtoyourhealth.
C.reducinglunchandsupperwillhelploseweight.
D.breakfastismoreimportantthanlunchandsupper.
4.Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage?
A.GoodBreakfastB.WhyEatingBreakfast?
C.Noeating,NogainingD.Whatisbreakfast

探究活动
A.学会利用英特网收集一些有关英语学习的经验、体会。如：
1.BIG！
我刚来美国时，在肿瘤研究所研制一种肿瘤疫苗，已在病人身上试用了，我自认为我的实验技术是很好的。所以有一次我的老板对我说："Theexperimentsverybig."我随口答道："No,Itsverysmallforme."老板用奇怪的眼光看着我说："Thevaccinehavebeentestedbypatient."(疫苗已给病人试用了)
[请查查辞典，看看big在这里是什么意思]
2.Haveaturkeyononesback
感恩节在美国朋友Bob家聚会。Bob夫妇每年都会邀请亲朋好友去他们家，大家互相都很熟了，要是谁没来，大家都会问为什么。有个朋友Audun能吃能喝能说，大家都很喜欢他。可是这次Audun迟迟未到，我建议是否打个电话过去催一催。Bob说不必了，"Hesgotturkeyonhisback."
我一听纳闷了。Bob不是已经在烤turkey了吗？Audun为何还要再背只turkey来呢？
[请回家查辞典，探究答案]
3.YouHaveMatches?
一次，我有机会上豪华游轮观光，自酒吧台拿两杯鸡尾酒想回房间享受，途中遇到一位女士，她看看我后笑着说："Youhavematches?"我一愣，答复她说："很抱歉，我15年前就戒烟了，我没有火柴。"她立该会意到我误解了她的意思，好像是有点抱歉地说："Itsajoke."双方就相互尴尬一笑分开了。
[自己先查找再与老师一起来探究问题的答案]

B.Weoftenuseabbreviationsforadvertisements.PleasereadthefollowingandtranslatethemintoChinese:
exp.Experience__________________
f.t.full-time__________________
h.p.w.hoursperweek__________________
Mon-FriMondaytoFriday__________________
p.t.part-time__________________
qual.qualified__________________
sal.salary__________________
wgswages__________________
avail,available__________________
fem.female__________________
flt.flat__________________
furn.furnished__________________
p.w.perweek__________________
col.colour__________________
exc.excellent__________________
牛津高中英语模块四教案学案一本通答案
Unit1
合作探究
II.CAs:1,2,4,5,7,8,11,12,13PSAs:3,6,9,10,14
Reading:themainideas
P1.Advertisementsareimportantandpopularinourdailylife.
P2.Wehavetwotypesofadvertisementsinallkindsofmedia.
P3.Weshouldnotbelievealltheadvertisements.
P4.Publicserviceadvertisementsalwaystellusthetruth.
自主演练
A．单项填空1.D2.A3.D4.B5.B6.B7.A8.A9.C10.D11.C12.B13.A14.B15.C16.A17.B18.C19.A20.A
B．短文填空
1.advertisement2.advertising3.information4.attracting5.attention6.story7.continued
8.product9.remember10.dangers11.translation12.photographs13.appeared14.company
15.sales
C．词汇题
1.C2.C3.C4.B5.D6.D7.B8.C9.C10.B
D．改错题
1.时态错误，应该用一般现在时，将hoped改为hope
2.名词单复数错误，cigarette应改为cigarettes
3.冠词错误，theother表示另一个或其余所的，所以要去掉the.
4.notonly……butalso,不但对抽烟者自己有害而且对其它一抽烟的人也有害。
5.将doesn’t改为don’t因为主语who代表的是those,应为复数。
6.语态错误，kill应改为被动语态arekilled.
7.数词修饰名词一般不加of,只有hundreds,thousands,millions等后才能用of.
8.词性错误，dangerous为形容词，不能作realize的宾语，应为danger.
9.此行没有错误。
10.make的后面应加上up构成短语makeupone’smindtodosth.此句意为“如果你养成吸烟的习惯，务必要下决心
E．书面表达
1．单句翻译:
1.Everyoneintheschoolsharesthedinninghall.
2.Weusedtoworkinthesameoffice,butIleftthreeyearsago.
3.Weadvertisedthroughtheairfortheproductsofourfactory.
4.HerecommendedTomforthejobofteachinginthatschool.
5.IamdeterminedtolearnEnglishbetter.
6.Thegovernmentofourcityisappealingeveryoneinthecitytosaveelectricity.
7.Thetimeforthemeetingisapproaching.
8.IsatisfiedmyteacherthatIhadfinishedmyhomework.
9.Heiswearingathickovercoattoprotecthimselffromthecold.
10.Theparentsshoulddealfairlywiththeirchildren.
D.多彩世界
1.完形填空
1.文章说“他们刚结婚时谁也没钱”，因此买房子是不可能的，根据意思选择unable。答案：A
2.文章没有提起他们的生活如何，所以，描绘生活好坏的词语应加以排除。答案：B
3.答案：C
4.“leavehimsomemoney”,“给他留了一笔钱”。答案：D
5.答案：C
6.由下文“Infact,theyputitawayinacupboardwithoutevenunpackingit.”可知。答案：A
7.答案：A
8.putaway“收拾好”，takeaway“拿走”。答案：B
9.答案：C
10.根据意思推测，刚生完孩子，应该从医院归来。答案：D
11.好事应该予以庆贺，邀请别人来，体现了当时愉快的心情。答案：C
12.答案：B
13.由下文可知。答案：A
14.就是因为酒已喝完，才想起朋友送来的那瓶酒。答案：B
15.答案：C
16.答案：A
17.brought指带客人们到吃饭的地方。答案：B
18.答案：C
19.在此只有aloud,loud为副词，排除A,D,readaloud,“大声读”。答案：C
20.it指“卡片”。答案：D
2.阅读理解：
A.Key:BADA
B.Key:DADBDCCA
C.Key:CDCB
D.Key:ADCB
探究活动
A.学会利用英特网收集一些有关英语学习的经验、体会。
1.我突然感到不好意思，赶快回去问美国技术员，他们告诉我这是很重要的意思（important）,老板只是告诉我要仔细，我却误会了。
我再去查了字典才知道，这个简单的小字在美国俚语中用法很多，如：bigmen(重要人物)、makebig(飞黄腾达)、gooverbig（走红）等。
2.原来Bob已打过电话，知道Audun那天已喝多了点，恐怕来不及了。Haveaturkeyononesback是喝醉酒或吸毒成瘾的意思。当然我们都知道Audun只是贪杯而已，他可不会去吸毒的。
3.事后在晚餐桌上聊天，趁机问一位美国朋友，他解释说："因为她看你两手都忙，就故意开玩笑跟你要火柴，是个非常普通的笑话，不但没有恶意，还有问你需不需要帮忙的意思。

高二Unit3Tomorrow’sworld教学设计

高二Unit3Tomorrow’sworld教学设计
板块：Reading2

课堂设计指导思想：
语言点操练的过程既是学生学习语言知识的过程，更是学生训练听说读写技能的过程。操练形式应该多样化：听写、翻译、造句、替换、填空、完句、情景、故事（用所操练的语言点编故事）等。以听说的方式，在句子层面上让学生在课堂上训练语言点的用法，课后及时复习，重要语言点都要以笔头的形式落实到书面，以便日后复习用。

Teachingaims:
1.Learnlanguagepointsinthereadingpassage.
2.Completerelatedpractice.

Teachingprocedures:
Step1Languagepoints
1.notonly…butalso…
(1)Tellstudentstheyshouldpayattentiontothefollowing:
Notonly放在句首，所在分句用部分倒装
NotonlyAbutalsoB=BaswellasA
Notonly…butalso连接并列主语时，谓语动词的数“就近原则”
butalso中的also可省略，butalso也可换成but…aswell
(2)Askstudentstotranslatethefollowingsentence:
他不但喜欢英语，也喜欢汉语。
HelikesnotonlyEnglishbutalsoChinese.
(3)Askstudentstofillintheblankswithoutchangingthemeaningofthesentence.
NotonlydoeshelikeEnglish,butalsoChinese.
(4)RemindstudentsoftherulesforPartialInversion:
否定词放在句首，主句用部分倒装，常见的否定词有：never,hardly,seldom,scarcely,barely,little,nowhere,innoway,atnotime,notonly,innocase,notuntil等等。
例如：
NevershallIdothisagain.
Littledidheknowwhothewomanwas.
Innowaycantheyleavefreely.
Nowherecouldtheyfindthelostchild.
(5)Practice
Notuntiltheearlyyearsofthe19thcentury________whatheatis.（D）
A.mandidknowB.manknew
C.didn’tmanknowD.didmanknow
Neverbefore________ingreaterneedofmodernpublictransportthanitistoday.（A）
A.hasthiscitybeenB.thiscityhasbeen
C.wasthiscityD.thiscitywas
2.On/Upon(doing)sth.
(1)Askstudentstopayattentiontothemeaningofthisphrase:
Upon/On+n./doing相当于assoonassb.doessth..,themomentsb.doessth..意为一……就……
(2)Practice
Fillintheblankswithoutchangingthemeaningofthesentence
AssoonasIarrived,Iwenttoseemyformerteacher.
Upon/Onmyarrival,Iwenttoseemyformerteacher.
Assoonastheyheardthescream,allrushedouttoseewhatwashappening.
Upon/Onhearingthescream,allrushedouttoseewhatwashappening.
3.beconnectedto
(1)AskstudentstocompletethesentenceaccordingtotheChinesemeaningandrefertothereadingpassagewhennecessary.
耳机和手套均与RealCine电脑系统相连接。
BoththeheadsetsandtheglovesareconnectedtotheRealCinecomputersystem.
(2)Dealwithphrasesrelatedtoconnect
beconnectedto…与……相连接
beconnectedwith…与……有牵连，有关系，有联系
connectAwith/toB=joinAtoBA与B连接起来
(3)Practice
Completethefollowingsentences:
请接邮政局。
Connectmetothepost-office.
警察认为他与那起谋杀案有关。
Thepolicethoughthewasconnectedwiththemurder.
4.addup（PPTpage16-19，鼠标点击，逐条显示）
(1)AskstudentstocompletethesentenceaccordingtotheChinesemeaningandrefertothereadingpassagewhennecessary.
气味通过耳机的小孔散发出来，以增添到RealCine的虚拟世界。
ToaddupthevirtualworldofRealCine,smellsaregivenoutthroughsmallopeningsintheheadsets.
(2)Tellstudentsaboutphrasesrelatedto“add”:
addto
increase增加，扩建
Thebadweatheraddedtoourdifficulties.
addsth.(tosth.)
putonethingtoanother添加
Iftheteaistoostrong,addsomewater(toit).
addAtoB/addAandB
put…togethertogetatotal把A和B加起来
Add4and5together,you’llget9.
addsth.up
findthesumof加起来
Pleaseaddallthefiguresup.
addupto:
giveasaresultwhenjoined总计，合计
Thecostfortheholidayaddedupto3000yuan.
mean,equal等于/意味着某事物
你说的话意思就是你不愿意帮忙。
Whatyousaidaddeduptothatyouwouldn’tgivehelp.
(3)Practice
Completethefollowingsentenceswithaddup,addto,addupto
Idontthinkthesefactswilladduptoanything,aswecansee.
Thousandsofnewbooksfromabroadhavebeenaddedtotheschoollibrary.
Settingofffireworkscanaddtotheatmosphereofthefestival.
Youmusthavemadeamistakewhenyouaddthebillup,becausethebilladduptomorethan1000yuan.
5.giveout（PPTpage20，鼠标点击，逐条显示）
(1)Tellstudentsthat“giveout”hasthefollowingmeanings.
sendout散发（光，热，气味等）
beusedup用光，耗尽
betiredout精疲力尽
handout分发
(2)AskthemtotranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChinese.
Theflowersinthegardengiveoutpleasantsmell.
花园里的花香味扑鼻令人心旷神怡。
Whenmyboymadethesamemistakeagain,mypatiencegaveout.
当我的儿子又犯同样错误时，我就失去耐心了。
Afterclimbingupthemountain,Igaveout.
爬上山顶后，我筋疲力尽。
Inordertogotoschool,the7-year-oldboymademoneybygivingoutleafletsinthestreet.
为了上学，那个7岁的男孩在大街上散发宣传单来赚学费。
用选择、填空、同义句改写、翻译等方法帮助学生理解并掌握相关语言点。
Step2Summary
Makeabriefsummaryofthelanguagepoints.
Showthefollowingonthescreen:

notonly…butalso…
不仅……而且……
on/upon(doing)sth.
一……就……
beconnectedwith
与……连接，与……有关系
addup
把……加起来，有道理
addto
增加，添加，加
addupto
总计达……
giveout
散发，用光，筋疲力尽，分发
回顾课上所学内容，帮助学生更好地记忆。
Step3Moreexpressions
Showstudentsmoreexpressionsusedinthereadingpassageandaskthemtochecktheminthedictionaryafterclass.
providesb.withsth.
提供某人某物
providesth.forsb.
提供某物给某人
besides
除此之外
putforward
提出，提议
playtheroleof
表演……的角色
bedisappointedby…
对……感到失望
鼓励学生用自学方式，学习词汇，把课堂教学和课后自学结合起来。
Step4Homework
1.Reviewthelanguagepointsyouhavelearned.
2.DoPartsA1andA2onpage106ofyourWorkbook.
3.Lookupmoreusefulexpressionsthatappearinthereadingpassageinthedictionaryandsharethemwithyourclassmates.
通过家庭作业再次巩固所学内容。同时鼓励学生利用手头的学习资料进行自学。

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