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高三英语语法练习-动词的时态语态

俗话说,居安思危,思则有备,有备无患。教师在教学前就要准备好教案,做好充分的准备。教案可以让上课时的教学氛围非常活跃,帮助教师能够更轻松的上课教学。教案的内容具体要怎样写呢?为了让您在使用时更加简单方便,下面是小编整理的“高三英语语法练习-动词的时态语态”,欢迎大家阅读,希望对大家有所帮助。

高三英语语法练习-动词的时态语态

一、基础练习

1.Ifcitynoises____fromincreasing,people____shouttobeheardevenatdinner.

A.arenotkept;willhaveto willhaveto .arenotkept;have

C.donotkeep;willhaveto willhaveto .donotkeep;haveto

2.Thefifthgenerationcomputers,withartificialintelligence,are____andperfectednow.

A.developed A.developedB.havedevelopeC.arebeingdeveloped C.arebeingdevelopedD.willhavebeendeveloped

3.---____thesportsmeetmightbeputo.---Yes,italldependsontheweather.

A.I”vebeentold vebeentold .I”vetold vetold .I”mtoldD.Itold

4.Ineedonemorestampbeforemycollection___.

A.hascompletedB.completes A.hascompletedB.completes C.hasbeencompletedD.iscompleted

5.Rainforests___andburnedatsuchaspeedthattheywilldisappearfromtheearthinthenearfure.高三英语听力练习

A.cutB.arecutC.arebeingcutD.hadbeencut

6.Thenewsuspensionbridge___bytheendoflastmonth.

A.hasbeendesigned A.hasbeendesigned B.hadbeendesigneC.wasdesigned C.wasdesignedD.wouldbedesigned

7.Whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater,itlooksasifit____.

A.breaksB.hasbrokenC.wasbrokenD.hadbeenbroken

8.Greatchanges___inthecity,andalotoffactories___.

A.havebeentakenplace;havebeensetup A.havebeentakenplace;havebeensetup B.havetakenplace;havebeensetuC.havetakenplace;havesetup upD.weretakenplace;weresetup

9.Thatsuit__over60dollarsA.hadcostedB.costedC.iscostedD.cost

10.-Look!Everythinghereisunderconstruction.-What”stheprettysmallhousethat__for?

A.isbeingbuiltB.hasbeenbuilt A.isbeingbuiltB.hasbeenbuilt CisbuiltD.isbuilding

11.---Doyoulikethematerial? isbuiltD.isbuilding

11.---Doyoulikethematerial? ---Yes,it___verysoftA.isfeelingB.felt A.isfeelingB.feltC.feelsD.isfelt

12.Itisdifficultforaforeigner____Chine.

A.writeB.towrite towrite .tobewrittenD.written

13.Ihavenomoreletters____,thankyou.

A.totypeB.typing typing.tobetypedD.typed

14.Takecare!Don”tdroptheinkonyourshirt,forit__easily.

A.won”twashoutB.won”tbewashedout tbewashedout C.i”twashedoutD.isn”twashingout

15.Nobodynoticedthethiefslipintothehousebecausethelightshappenedto___.

A.beputupB.givein A.beputupB.givein C.beturnedonD.goout

16.Thecomputersonthetable___ProfessorSmithA.belongsB.arebelongedtoC.belongstoD.belongto

17.---Whatdoyouthinkofthebook?---Oh,excellent.It”sworth___asecondtime.

A.toreadB.tobereadC.readingD.beingread

18.Thesquirrelwasluckythatitjustmissed___.

A.catchingB.tobecaughtC.beingcaughtD.tocatch

19.Thispageneeded___again.

A.beingcheckedB.checkedC.tocheckD.tobechecked

20.___manytimes,theboystilldidn”tknowhowtodotheexercises

A.HavingtaughtB.HavingbeentaughtC.taughtD.Teaching

二、时态、语态通练

1.Themathsproblemcanbe______.

1.Themathsproblemcanbe______.

A.easyworkedout easytobeworkedout

easytobeworkedout

C.easilyworkedout D.easilytoworkout

2.Everypossiblemeans______,butnoneprovessuccessful.

A.hasbeentried B.tried C.isbeingtried D.hastried

3.Thegirlisto______arichman.

A.marrywith B.bemared d C.marryto D.bemarriedto

4.Hereceivedatelegramthat____“Mothersick”.

.

A.wrote B.says C.reads D.read

5.Whocanyouimagine______tohisweddingparty?

A.inviting B.beinginvited C.wasinvited D.tobeinvited

6.I______tminutestodecidewhetherIshouldrejecttheoffer.(NMET)

minutestodecidewhetherIshouldrejecttheoffer.(NMET)

A.gave B.wasgiven C.wasgiving D.hadgiven

——WillsomebodygoandgetDr.White?

WillsomebodygoandgetDr.White?

——Hesalreadybeen______.(NMET)

salreadybeen______.(NMET)

A.askedfor B.sentfor C.calledfor D.lookedfor

8.Acouctor______tokeepusintimeinthesingingyesterday.

uctor______tokeepusintimeinthesingingyesterday.

A.needs B.isneeding C.wasneeded D.hasbeenneeded

9.Whenandwheretobuildthenewfactory______yet.

A.isnotdecided B.arenotdecided C.hasnotdecided D.havenotdecided0.Ways______tostoppollutionbynow.

.Ways______tostoppollutionbynow.

A.mustfind B.willbefound C.arefound D.havebeenfound

11.Idtwantanything______aboutit.

twantanything______aboutit.

A.tosay B.said C.saying D.havingsaid

1——______thatthesportsmeetmightbeputoff.——Yes,italldependsontheweather.

alldependsontheweather.

A.Ivebeentold vebeentold Bvetold vetold Ctold told D.Itold

13.Alibrarywithfivethousandbooks______tothenationasagift.(NMET)

A.isoffered B.hasoffered C.areoffered D.haveoffered

14.Bettyhasneverbeeneard_______illofothers.

eard_______illofothers.

A.speak B.spoken C.tospeak D.wassaid

15.Tom______tohavedeliveredthespeechintheirtheatreroom.

A.said B.says C.issaid D.wassaid

1——Whatdoyouthinkofthebook?

Whatdoyouthinkofthebook?

sworth______——Oh,excellent.Itsecondtime.(NMET)

secondtime.(NMET)

A.toread B.toberead C.reading D.beingread

17.LittleJimshouldlove______tothetheatrethisevening.(NMET)

A.tobetaken B.totake C.beingtaken D.taking.

18.______moreattention,thetreescouldhavegwnbetter.(NMET)

wnbetter.(NMET)

A.Given B.togive C.Giving D.Havinggiven

1——where______thebook?Ican”tseeitanywhere.

tseeitanywhere.

——I______itrightherebutnowit”sgone.

sgone.

A.didyouput;haveputB.haveyouput;put

C.hadyouput;wasputting D.weryouputting;haveput

20.Hewouldnotfailsolongashe______hardthenextterm.

youputting;haveput

20.Hewouldnotfailsolongashe______hardthenextterm.

A.studied B.wouldstudy C.hadstudied D.studies

21.Howlong______theEnglishparty______?

A.has;beenlasted B.did;last C.was;lasted D.will;belasted2.What______you______thistimenextFriday?

.What______you______thistimenextFriday?

A.will;do B.have;beendoing C.are;doing D.will;bedoing

23.Hardly______thebell______whentheteachercamein.

A.did;ring B.would;ring C.has;rung D.had;rung

24.It______andthestreetswestillwet.高三英语听力练习

stillwet.

A.hadbeenraining B.rained C.hadbeenrained D.wouldrain

25.Thebook______onthegroundfortenminutesbutnonoehaspickeditup.

A.islying B.haslain C.lay D.hasbeenlying

26.We______therewhenit______torain.

A.weregetting;wouldbegin A.weregetting;wouldbegin B.wereabouttoget;began

C.hadgot;hadbegunD.wouldget;began

27.Theteachersaidwe______tenlessonsbytheendofthisterm.

A.shouldhavestudied B.weregoingtostudy

C.havestudiedD.ouldstudyJaB88.cOM

28.——shetoldmeshehadmetyouinLondonlastyear.——______you______hersince?

______you______hersince?

A.Had;met B.Did;see C.Would;meet D.Have;seen

2——When______again?——Whenhe______,I”llletyouknow.

llletyouknow.

A.willhecome;willcome B.willhecome;come

C.hecomes;comes C.hecomes;comes D.willhecome;comes

30.Tom______formorethanaweek.

A.hasleft B.hadgoneaway C.wentaway D.hasbeenaway

3——Whathappenedtoherteeth?——She______theapplemorethanshecouldchew.

She______theapplemorethanshecouldchew.

A.hasbitten B.t t C.hadbeenbitting C.hadbeenbitting D.bites

32.Shakespearewassaid______37famousplaysinhislifetime.

A.finishingwriting B.tofinishwriting

C.havingwrittenD.tohavewritten

33——You”veagreedtogo.Sowhyaren”tyougettingready?

tyougettingready?

——ButI______thatyou______metostartatonce.

I______thatyou______metostartatonce.

A.d”trealize;want trealize;want B.d”trealize;wanted

trealize;wanted

C.hav”trealized;want trealized;wantD.di”trealize;wanted

34.——Imissedthelecturelastnight. Imissedthelecturelastnight. ——Oh,whatapity!Iwish______.

Oh,whatapity!Iwish______.

A.youheareditB.yhadheardit

hadheardit

C.youneverheardit D.youha”theardit

35.I”llreturnthebooktothelibraryassoonasI______it.

llreturnthebooktothelibraryassoonasI______it.

A.finished B.amgoingtofinish C.willfinish D.havefinished

36——Yourphonenumberagain?I______quitecatchit.——It”s9586442.(NMET)

s9586442.(NMET)

A.di”t t B.coul”t t C.d”t t D.c”t

37.——I”msorrytokeepyouwaiting.——Oh,notatall.I______hereonlyafewminutes.

Oh,notatall.I______hereonlyafewminutes.

A.havebeen B.hadbeen C.was D.willbe

38.WhenIwasatcoege.I______threeforeignlanguages,butI______allexceptafewwordsofeach.

ege.I______threeforeignlanguages,butI______allexceptafewwordsofeach.

A.spoke;hadforgottenB.spoke;haveforgotten

C.hadspoedn;hadforgotten D.hadspoken;haveforgotten

39.Thenewsecretaryissupposedtoreporttothemanagerssoonasshe______.

soonasshe______.

A.willarrive B.arrives C.isgoingtoarrive D.isarriving(NMET)

40——WhoisJerryCooper?

WhoisJerryCooper?

——______?Isawyoushakinghandswithhimatthemeeting.(NMET)

______?Isawyoushakinghandswithhimatthemeeting.(NMET)

A.D”tyoumeethimyet tyoumeethimyet B.Ha”tyoumethimyet

tyoumethimyet

C.Didn”tyoumeethimyet tyoumeethimyetD.Haven”tyoumethimyet

41.——Wecouldhavewalkedtothestation.Itwassonear.

——Yes,ataxi______atallnecessary.(NMET)

Yes,ataxi______atallnecessary.(NMET)

A.wa”t t B.ha”tbeen tbeen C.woul”tbe tbe D.w”tbe

42.Wehaven”theardfromJaneforalongtime.Whatdoyousuppose______toher?(NEMT)

gtime.Whatdoyousuppose______toher?(NEMT)

A.washappening B.tohappen C.hashaqqend D.havinghappened

43.OnSaturdayafternoon,MrsGreenwenttothemarket,______somebananasandvisitedhercousin.(NMET)

A.bought B.buying C.touy y D.buy

44.Asshe______thenewspaper,Granny______asleep.(NMET)

A.read;wasfallingB.wasreading;fell

C.wasreading;wasfalling D.read;fell

45.I______thebadcoldforaweek,stillIc”tgetridofit.

tgetridofit.

A.caught B.havecaught C.have C.have D.havehad

46.I______thetime______soquickly.

A.di”trealize;hadpassed trealize;hadpassed B.d”trealize;passed trealize;passed

C.hav”trealized;passed trealized;passed D.ha”trealized;hadpassed

47.——Mywatch______twelveo”clock.It”ssolate.——Let”shurryup.

shurryup.

A.said said B.says C.istold D.tells

48.Helen______herkeyintheofficesoshehadtowaitherhusband_____home.(NMET)

A.hasleft;comes B.left;hadcomeC.hadleft;came D.hadleft;wouldcome

49.ThepenI______I______isonmydesk,rightunrmynose.(NMET)

mynose.(NMET)高三英语听力练习

A.think;lost B.thought;hadlost C.think;hadlost D.thought;havelost

5——Janehasjustarrived.——Ididn”tknowshe______.

tknowshe______.

A.iscoming B.wascoming C.hadbeencoming D.willco

参考答案:

一、

key1--5ACADC6--10BCBDA11--15CBCAD16--20DCCDB
二、
1-5 5 CADDC -10 10 BBCAD -15 15 BAACC -20 20 CAABA
-25 25 BDDAD -30BADDD 30BADDD -35 35 BDDBD -40 40 AABBD
-45 45 ACABD -50ABCBB

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高考语法专题:动词的时态和语态


一名优秀的教师在教学时都会提前最好准备,作为教师就要根据教学内容制定合适的教案。教案可以让学生们能够更好的找到学习的乐趣,有效的提高课堂的教学效率。教案的内容要写些什么更好呢?考虑到您的需要,小编特地编辑了“高考语法专题:动词的时态和语态”,欢迎您参考,希望对您有所助益!

高考语法专题:动词的时态和语态

1.一般现在时(do,does,am,is,are)
(1)表示经常性、习惯性的动作或现在的状态、特征和普遍真
理,一般不表示一个具体的动作。常用often,usually,always,
sometimes,everyday等。
Lighttravelsfasterthansound.
(2)表示按规定、计划或安排要发生的情况(这种用法只限于
begin,come,go,leave,arrive,stop,start,open等少数动词):
Thetrainleavesat10a.m..
(3)表示现在进行时:
Theregoesthebell.
Herecomesthebus.
(4)在时间和条件状语从句中表示将来:
Youwillcatchthetrainifyouhurryup.
2.一般过去时(did,was,were)
(1)表示过去发生的动作、存在的状态或习惯性动作,只表过
去,与现在无关。
Whobrokethewindow?
(2)表示客气,与过去时无关:
Would/Couldyoupleasegivemeahand?
3.一般将来时
表示说话时看来将要发生的动作或情况,有多种表达方式:
(1)shall(will)do:
Wewillmeetyouattheairport.
(2)begoingtodo,打算、准备干;即将发生:
Comeout!Theroofisgoingtofall.(此处不用willfall)
(3)betodo,按计划、安排发生:
Theyaretohandintheirplannextweek.
(4)beabouttodo,就要干某事,不与时间状语连用:
Weareabouttoleave.
(5)bedoing,用现在进行时表示按规定、计划或安排要发生的
情况:
WeareleavingforBeijingtomorrow.
4.现在进行时(am/is/aredoing)表示说话时正在进行的动作,与
now连用:
Theyarelisteningtomusicnow.
5.过去进行时(was/weredoing)表示过去某时正在进行的动作,动
作没有完成:
Atthattimehewasworkinginalaboratory.
注意:与一般过去时的区别:
Hewasreadinganovellastnight.(正在读,没读完)
Hereadanovellastnight.(读完了)
6.现在完成时(have/hasdone)
(1)动作发生在过去,但对现在有影响,与already,just,ever,yet,
before,recently等连用,谓语用瞬间动词:
Whohasopenedthedoor?(含义:Thedoorwasopened.Itis
stillopen.It’scold.)
(2)动作从过去某时开始,一直持续到现在,与for,since或so
far,thesedays,inthepastfiveyears连用,谓语用延续性动词:
IhavebeeninBeijingforhalfamonth.(不能用havecome,但
可说:Hehasalreadycome.)
(3)过去动作到现在为的总和。
HowmanyEnglishwordshaveyoulearned?
(4)havebeentoaplace/havegonetoaplace
HehasbeentoBeijingtwice.(主要强调Hehascomeback.)
HehasgonetoBeijing.(主要强调Heisn’there.)
7.过去完成时(haddone)是时态中的又一难点,不是字面意思,
而是表示过去某时或某个动作之前发生的动作,“过去的过
去”,是一个相对的时态,往往与by,when,before等连用,或在
宾语从句中:
Byteno’clockwehaddonehalfofthework.
Themeetinghadalreadybegunwhentheyarrived.
8.现在完成进行时(have/hasbeendoing)表示现在以前一直在
进行的动作,也可停止一会儿,用延续动词,与现在完成时相
比,更强调“一直在进行”:
Wehavejustbeentalkingaboutyou.
Yourmotherhasbeenlookingforyouandshestillis.
9.一般过去将来时表示从过去某时看来将要发生的动作,与一般
将来时一样,也有多种表达方式:
Hesaidtheywouldreturnsoon.
Shesaidthattherewasgoingtobeafilm.
Weweretomeetatabout5.
Shesaidshewasleavingsoon.
Iwasabouttoleavewhenhecamein.
10.将来完成时(willhavedone)从现在看来,到将来某时已经完成
的动作,常与by连用:
Wewillhavefinishedourworkby8o’clocktomorrow.
11.将来进行时(willbedoing):
Thistimenextyearyouwillbestudyingatcollege.
12.过去完成进行时(hadbeendoing):
Hesaidthathehadbeenpaintingthehouseallday.
13.将来完成进行时(willhavebeendoing):
Byeighto’clocktomorrowwewillhavebeenworkingforten
hours.和:HowmanyEnglishwordshaveyoulearned?
(4)havebeentoaplace/havegonetoaplace
HehasbeentoBeijingtwice.(主要强调Hehascomeback.)
HehasgonetoBeijing.(主要强调Heisn’there.)

高中英语语法动词的语态


一名合格的教师要充分考虑学习的趣味性,高中教师要准备好教案,这是教师工作中的一部分。教案可以让学生能够在课堂积极的参与互动,帮助高中教师更好的完成实现教学目标。高中教案的内容具体要怎样写呢?下面是由小编为大家整理的“高中英语语法动词的语态”,但愿对您的学习工作带来帮助。

高中英语语法动词的语态

二、动词的语态

(一)主动语态

当句子的主语是动作的执行者时,谓语的形式叫主动语态。如:

1)Thatsuitcostsover60dollars.

2)Mybrotherfellwhilehewasridinghisbicycleandhurthimself.

3)WhenIwasatcollegeIspokethreeforeignlanguages,butIhaveforgottenallexceptafewwordsofeach.

4)–Wecouldhavewalkedtothestation;itwassonear.

–Yes.Ataxiwasn’tatallnecessary.

5)Tomslippedintothehousewhennoonewaslooking.

6)–CanIjoinyourclub,Dad?

–Youcanwhenyougetabitolder.

(二)被动语态

当句子的主语是动作的承受者时,谓语的形式叫被动语态。

构成:be+P.P.

1、一般现在时的被动语态:

I、构成:

肯定式:

1)(I)am+P.P.+…

2)(可数名词单数、不可数名词、动词不定式及其短语、动名词及其短语、从句、She,He,It等)+is+P.P.+…

3)(可数名词复数、We,You,They)+are+P.P.+…

否定式:

1)(I)amnot+P.P.+…

2)(可数名词单数、不可数名词、动词不定式及其短语、动名词及其短语、从句、She,He,It等)+isnot+P.P.+…

3)(可数名词复数、We,You,They)+arenot+P.P.+…

疑问式:

1)am+(I)+P.P.+…?

2)is+(可数名词单数、不可数名词、动词不定式及其短语、动名词及其短语、从句、She,He,It等)+P.P.+…?

3)are+(可数名词复数、We,You,They)+P.P.+…?

II、用法:

(1)Youarerequiredtodothis.

(2)Youarenotrequiredtodothis.

(3)Areyourequiredtodothis?

2、一般过去时的被动语态

I、构成:

肯定式:

1)(I、可数名词单数、不可数名词、动词不定式及其短语、动名词及其短语、从句、She,He,It等)+was+P.P.+…

2)(可数名词复数、We,You,They)+were+P.P.+…

否定式:

1)(I、可数名词单数、不可数名词、动词不定式及其短语、动名词及其短语、从句、She,He,It等)+wasnot+P.P.+…

2)(可数名词复数、We,You,They)+arenot+P.P.+…

疑问式:

1)was+(I、可数名词单数、不可数名词、动词不定式及其短语、动名词及其短语、从句、She,He,It等)+P.P.+…?

2)were+(可数名词复数、We,You,They)+P.P.+…?

II、用法:

1)Thestorywastoldbyher.

2)Thestorywasnottoldbyher.

3)Wasthestorytoldbyher?

3、一般将来时的被动语态:

I、构成:

肯定式:S.+will/shall+be+P.P.

否定式:S.+will/shallnot+be+P.P.

疑问式:will/shall+S.+be+P.P.…?

II、用法:

1)Theproblemwillbediscussedtomorrow.

2)Theproblemwillnotbediscussedtomorrow.

3)Willtheproblembediscussedtomorrow?

4、现在进行时的被动语态:

I、构成:

肯定式:

1)(I)am+being+P.P.+…

2)(可数名词单数、不可数名词、动词不定式及其短语、动名词及其短语、从句、She,He,It等)+is+being+P.P.+…

3)(可数名词复数、We,You,They)+are+being+P.P.+…

否定式:

1)(I)amnot+being+P.P.+…

2)(可数名词单数、不可数名词、动词不定式及其短语、动名词及其短语、从句、She,He,It等)+isnot+being+P.P.+…

3)(可数名词复数、We,You,They)+arenot+being+P.P.+…

疑问式:

1)am+(I)+being+P.P.+…?

2)is+(可数名词单数、不可数名词、动词不定式及其短语、动名词及其短语、从句、She,He,It等)+being+P.P.+…?

3)are+(可数名词复数、We,You,They)+being+P.P.+…?

II、用法:

1)Theroadisbeingwidened.

2)Theroadisnotbeingwidened.

3)Istheroadbeingwidened?

5、过去进行时的被动语态:

I、构成:

肯定式:

1)(I、可数名词单数、不可数名词、动词不定式及其短语、动名词及其短语、从句、She,He,It等)+was+being+P.P.+…

2)(可数名词复数、We,You,They)+were+being+P.P.+…

否定式:

1)(I、可数名词单数、不可数名词、动词不定式及其短语、动名词及其短语、从句、She,He,It等)+wasnot+being+P.P.+…

2)(可数名词复数、We,You,They)+werenot+being+P.P.+…

疑问式:

1)was+(I、可数名词单数、不可数名词、动词不定式及其短语、动名词及其短语、从句、She,He,It等)+being+P.P.+…?

2)were+(可数名词复数、We,You,They)+being+P.P.+…?

II、用法:

1)Thenewtoolwasbeingmadeatthattime.

2)Thenewtoolwasnotbeingmadeatthattime.

3)Wasthenewtoolbeingmadeatthattime.

6、现在完成时的被动语态:

I、构成:

肯定式:

1)(可数名词单数、不可数名词、动词不定式及其短语、动名词及其短语、从句、She,He,It等)+has+been+P.P.+…

2)(I、可数名词复数、We,You,They)+have+been+P.P.+…

否定式:

1)(可数名词单数、不可数名词、动词不定式及其短语、动名词及其短语、从句、She,He,It等)+hasnot+been+P.P.+…

2)(I、可数名词复数、We,You,They)+havenot+been+P.P.+…

疑问式:

1)has+(可数名词单数、不可数名词、动词不定式及其短语、动名词及其短语、从句、She,He,It等)+been+P.P.+…?

2)have+(I、可数名词复数、We,You,They)+been+P.P.+…?

II、用法:

1)Thenovelhasbeenread.

2)Thenovelhasnotbeenread.

3)Hasthenovelbeenread.

7、过去完成时的被动语态:

肯定式:S.+had+been+P.P.+…

否定式:S.+hadnot+been+P.P.+…

疑问式:had+S.+been+P.P.+…?

II、用法:

1)Thebridgehadbeencompletedbytheendoftheyearof1999.

2)Thebridgehadnotbeencompletedbytheendoftheyearof1999.

3)Hadthebridgebeencompletedbytheendoftheyearof1999?

8、过去将来时的被动语态:

I、构成:

肯定式:S.+would/should+be+P.P.

否定式:S.+would/shouldnot+be+P.P.

疑问式:would/should+S.+be+P.P.…?

II、用法:

1)Hesaidthetreeswouldbeplantedsoon.

2)Hesaidthetreeswouldnotbeplantedsoon.

3)Wouldthetreesbeplanted?

9、一些特殊的被动语态:

1)带情态动词的被动语态

I、构成:

肯定式:S.+情态动词+be+P.P.

否定式:S.+情态动词not+be+P.P.

疑问式:情态动词+S.+be+P.P.…?

II、用法:

(1)Theproblemmustbesolvedsoon.

(2)Theproblemneedn’tbesolvedsoon.

(3)Musttheproblembesolvedsoon?

2)带不定式的被动语态:

I、构成:

肯定式:to+be+P.P.

否定式:notto+be+P.P.

II、用法:

(1)Thehomeworkneedstobedonewithcare.

(2)Thehomeworkneedsnottobedonewithcare,doesit?

3)v-ing形式的被动语态:

I、构成:

肯定式:being+P.P.

否定式:notbeing+P.P.

II、用法:

(1)Nobodyenjoysbeinglaughedat.

4)短语动词的被动结构:

①(不及物)动词+介词:若这类短语动词是及物性的,则可用于被动语态,如laughat,lookafter,talkabout,thinkof等;若这类动词是不及物的,则不可用于被动语态,如lookup,lookdown等。

②(及物)动词+副词:bringabout,carryout,findout,makeout,putaway,butoff,takeup,turndown,turnout,wipeout等。

③动词+副词+介词:doawaywith,faceupto,giveinto,lookdownupon,makeupfor,putupwith等。

④动词+名词+介词:catchsightof,keepaneyeon,makeafoolof,payattentionto,putanendto,setfire/lightto,takenoticeof等。

4)带复合宾语的动词在改为被动语态时,一般把主动结构中的宾语改成被动语态的主语,宾语补足语保留在谓语后面。如:

Wealwayskeeptheclassroomclean.àTheclassroomisalwayskeptclean(byus).

5)主动形式表被动,常见的有:

(1)动词want,need,require,deserve后用动名词的主动形式,这时,动名词同名中的主语有动宾关系。如:

①Thispointdeservesmentioning.(àtomentionthispoint)

②Thewindowwants/requiresrepairing.(àtorepairthewindow)

③Thechildrenneedlookingafter.(àtolookafterthechildren)

(2)动词sell,write,read,open,lock,shut,wear,wash,keep,cook,cut,burn,run,act等常与well,smoothly,easily等连用时,说明主语内在的“性能”“特点”,用主动代替被动;如:

①这戏不宜上演。Theplaywon’tact.

②这门关不上。Thedoorwon’tshut.

③这布很经洗/很畅销。Theclothwashes/sellswell.

(3)不定式和前面被修饰的名词或代词构成逻辑上的动宾关系,又和该句主语构成逻辑上的主谓关系时,不定式常用主动形式。如;

①Iknowwhattodo.(àIdowhat)

②Heneedsaroomtolivein.(àHelivesinaroom.)

③Ihavegotalettertowrite.(àIwritealetter.)

(4)不定式作表语形容词的状语,和句中主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系时,不定式多用主动形式。这是因为人们往往认为形容词省去了forone或forpeople.如:

①Thebookisdifficulttounderstand.(àforsomeonetounderstandthebook)

②Heishardtotalkto.(àforonetotalktohim)

(5)在therebe句型中,当说话人考虑的是必须有人去完成某件事时,不定式用主动形式,如果说话人强调的是事情本身必须完成,,则用被动形式。如:

①Thereisalotofworktobedone.(àTheworkhastobedone.)

②Thereisalotofworktodo.(àSomebodyhastodothework.)

(6)形容词worth后,用动名词的主动形式表被动。如:

①Thebookisworthreadingtwice.

(7)表示状态特征的连系动词、感官动词如smell,taste,feel,sound,look,prove等用主动语态表示被动意义;如:

①这菜尝起来非常可口。Thedishtastesdelicious.

②这水摸上去很冰。Thewaterfeelsverycold.

(8)不定式tolet(出租),toblame(该受责备)表示被动意义;

10、不用被动的情况:

1)动词leave,enter,reach等的宾语是表示处所、地点(国家、团体、组织、军队)等。

2)表示状态的动词,如become,benefit,cost,contain,equal,fit,fail,have,lack,last,mean,suit,looklike等。

3)不及物动词和不及物动词短语不用被动语态。如:appear,belongto,breakout,die,happen,lie,occur,rise,takeplace,agreewith,consistof,haveon,keepupwith以及一些固定词组,如keepwords,loseheart,makeaface等。

4)宾语是反身代词、相互代词、同源宾语、不定式、动名词、抽象名词等。

11、汉语有一类句子不出现主语,在英语中一般可用被动结构表示。如:

有人相信……Itisbelievedthat……

希望……Itishopedthat……

大家认为……Itisgenerallyconsideredthat……

据说……Itissaidthat……

有人会说……Itwillbesaidthat……

据报道……Itisreportedthat……

众所周知……Itiswellknownthat……

必须指出……Itmustbepointedoutthat……

必须承认……Itmustbeadmittedthat……

据推测说……Itissupposedthat……

高考英语动词的时态和语态


一名爱岗敬业的教师要充分考虑学生的理解性,作为高中教师就需要提前准备好适合自己的教案。教案可以让讲的知识能够轻松被学生吸收,帮助高中教师有计划有步骤有质量的完成教学任务。关于好的高中教案要怎么样去写呢?小编特地为大家精心收集和整理了“高考英语动词的时态和语态”,但愿对您的学习工作带来帮助。

动词的时态和语态

I.动词时态和语态的构成形式
主动语态的构成
一般现在时一般过去时do/does,(is/am/are)did,(was/were)
现在进行时过去进行时is/am/aredoingwas/weredoing
现在完成时过去完成时has/havedonehaddone
现在完成进行时过去完成进行时has/havebeendoinghadbeendoing
一般将来时过去将来时will/shalldois/am/aregoingtodo
is/am/are(about)todowould/shoulddo was/weregoingtodo
was/were(about)todo
被动语态的构成
一般现在时一般过去时is/am/aredone/was/weredone
现在进行时过去进行时is/am/arebeingdone/was/werebeingdone
现在完成时过去完成时has/havebeendonehadbeendone
一般将来时过去将来时will/shallbedoneis/am/aregoingtobedone
is/am/are(about)tobedonewould/shouldbedone
was/weregoingtobedonewas/were(about)tobedone
II.动词时态的用法
1.一般现在时
①一般现在时表示经常发生、习惯性动作、客观真理、科学事实、格言,目前的特征、状态、能力等;
②主句是一般将来时,时间、条件状语从句中用一般现在时表示将来;
I’llgothereafterIfinishmywork.
Ifitrainstomorrow,Iwon’tgothere.
③在以here,there开头的句子里,go,come等少数动词的一般在时表示正在发生的动作;
Theregoesthebell.铃响了。Therecomesthebus.汽车来了。Hereshecomes.她来了。
注意:近几年,对一般现在时的考查常用过去时态或现在完成时态对考生进行干扰
Monthsagowesailedtenthousandmilesacrosstheopensea,which_____thePacific,andwemetnostorm.
A.wascalledB.iscalledC.hadbeencalledD.hasbeencalled
虽然航海发生在过去,但是,海洋的名称不会因此而变化,所以要用一般现在时。
2.现在进行时
①表示正在进行的动作;
②表示按计划安排即将发生的动作。
SheisleavingforBeijing.她要去北京。
Heisworkingasateachertomorrow.从明天起他要做老师。
MyfatheriscomingtoseemethisSaturday.这个星期六我爸爸要来看我。
③代替一般现在时,描绘更加生动。
TheChangjiangRiverisflowingintotheeast.江水滚滚向东流。
Thesunisrisingintheeast.太阳从东方冉冉升起。
④与always,forever,constantly,continually连用,表示赞赏或厌恶等感情色彩,但并非强调动作正在进行;
Heisalwayshelpingothers.他总是肯帮助他人。
Sheisalwaysforgettingsomething.她老是忘记某些事情。
⑤大多数动词可用于进行时,但也有些动词不用于进行时。
常见的有:
▲感觉类:look,smell,feel,sound,taste,see,hear
▲情感类:like,love,prefer,admire,hate,fear
▲心态类:wish,hope,expect,want,need,believe,think,understand,agree,knowt
▲所有类:have,contain,won,hold,belongto等。
3.现在完成时
①表示过去发生的动作对现在产生的影响或结果,或说话时已完成的动作;
Ihavefinishedthereport./Shehascleanedtheroom.
②表示从过去开始,待续到现在的动作或状态,往往和“for...”,“since...”表述的一段时间状语连用;
HehaslearnedEnglishforsixyears./Theyhaveworkedheresincetheyleftcollege.
③表示“曾经到过某地(人已回来)”用“have/hasbeento”;
表示“到某地去了(还未回来)”用“have/hasgoneto”。
—WhereisLiHua?-Hehasgonetothereading-room.
—SheknowsalotaboutShanghai.-Shehasbeenthere.
④在时间状语从句,条件状语从句或让步状语从句中表达将来某时已经完成的动作。
WhenyouhavelearnedEnglish,youwillfinditabridgetosomuchknowledge.
We’llstartatsixifithasstoppedrainingbythen.
注意:这里的现在完成时强调从句动作在主句动作之前完成,如果两个动作同时或几乎同时发生,则不必用完成时;试比较:
I’llletyouknowassoonasIhearfromher.
Shewillcallyouwhenshegetshome.
⑤短暂动词(即瞬间动词),join,lose,buy,borrow,leave,go,come,arrive,die,marry,finish,complete,begin,start,breakout等,在完成时态中,其肯定式不能和表示一段时间的状语连用。
要译“他参军已经三年了”不能说:Hehasjoinedthearmythreeyears.可采用:
▲“ago法”:Hejoinedthearmythreeyearsago.
▲“延续法”:Hehasbeeninthearmyforthreeyears.
▲“since法”:Itis/hasbeenthreeyearssincehejoinedthearmy.
注意:没有包括“现在”在内或不是截至“现在”为止的时间状语不能与现在完成时连用,但“in(over)thepast/last+时间段”要与现在完成时连用。
4.现在完成进行时
①用来表示从过去某一时刻开始一直持续到现在(或今后还要继续一去)的动作;
Hehasbeendoingthemathsproblemssince8:00.
②凡是不能用于现在进行时的动词均不能用于现成完成进行时。
5.一般过去时
①表达特定的过去时间内发生的动作或存在的状况,或过去某一时间内经常发生或反复发生的动作或为;Heoftensangwhenhewasaboy.
Hewenttothecinemalastnightwithherboyfriend.
②用于Ididn’tknow…或Iforgot…,表示事先不知道或不记得,但现在已知道或记得的事情。
用于Ididn’tknow…或Iforgot…,表示事先不知道或不记得,但现在已知道或记得的事情。
Ididn’tknowyouwerehere.(现在已经知道)
Sorry,Iforgottobringmybook.(“忘记带书”已成为过去的事了)
这一用法考生要特别注意。注意:参看过去将来时的用法②。
6.过去进行时
①表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行的动作(这一过去时间须用时间状语表示);
Hewaspreparinghislecturealldayyesterday.
②表示动作在另一过去动作发生时进行;
TheywerestillworkingwhenIleft.
③用在两个过去进行时动作同时发生;
IwaswritingwhilehewaswatchingTV.
④过去计划、安排好的将来动作(只限于come,go,leave,arrive,start,move,sail,fly,travel,stay等);
Hesaidshewasarrivingthenextday.
⑤与always,forever,constantly,continually连用,表示赞赏或厌恶等感情色彩。
(参看现在进行时的用法④)
ComradeLeiFengwasalwaysthinkingofothersneverthinkingofhimself.
⑥过去进行时可用来描绘故事发行的背景。
Thewindwasblowinganditwasraininghard.
7.过去完成时
①表示在过去某一时间以前已经完成的动作。
Hehadshutthedoorbeforethedogcameup.
Everythinghadbeenallrightuptillthismorning.
②表示动作或状态从过去某个时刻开始一直延续到另一个过去时刻才完成,甚至还要继续下去。Attheageoften,hehadlearned500Englishwords.Hehadbeenillforaweekwhenwelearnedaboutit.
③过去未曾实现的意图、打算或希望(只限于think,want,plan,mean,intend,hope,expect,suppose,wish,want等动词)。
Ihadwantedtopayavisittoyouyesterday,buttherainpreventedme.
我本来想昨天拜访你的,但是下雨(让我不能来)。
注意:
▲过去完成时必须以过去某一时刻为基点,即“过去的过去”。因此只有在和过去某时或某动作相比较时才用到它;
▲before,after本身表示时间的“前”“后”明显,因此可用一般过去时代替过去完成时。
He(had)leftbeforeIarrived.
8.一般将来时
一般将来时有下列一些构成形式需要记住:
▲will/shalldo(侧重将来行为,不突出计划安排去做某事)
▲begoingtodo(主观上打算或客观上可能发生)
▲bedoing(按计划将要发生,常和表示最近的将来时间连用)
▲beabouttodo(按计划即将发生)
一般将来时的用法:
①现在看来以后要发生的动作或存在的状态
Tomwillcomenextweek.
Hewillbeheretomorrow.
②事物的固有属性或必然趋势
Oilwillfloatinwater.
Fishwilldiewithoutwater.
③对将来某个动作的安排、计划
HeisgoingtospeakonTVthisevening.
9.将来完成时
用来表示在将来某个时刻(前)将完成的动作。常和by短语,when,before引起的时间状语连用。
WewillhavefinishedseniorBook2bytheendofthisterm.
10.过去将来时
①过去某一时刻后将要发生的过去动作或过去的意图打算(主要用于宾语从句中);
Shewassureshewouldsucceed.
Ithoughtyouwouldcome.
把一般将来时中的助动词变成过去式,便成了过去将来时的表达形式。
②表示过去经常发生的动作。
Whenhewasyoung,hewouldgoswimming.
注意:would与usedto的区别:would只表示过去,不涉及现在,而usedto表示“过去常常”要与现在比较,即现在不是这样了。
11.要求一定时态的固定的句型
①was/weredoingsth.when…didsth.(正在做某事,这时突然……)
Iwasreadingabookwhenthebellrang.
②was/wereabouttodosth.when…didsth.(正要做某事,这时突然……)
Wewereabouttoleavewhenthetelephonerang.
③It(This)is(willbe)thefirst/second/third…time+that…
It’sthefirsttimeI’veseenher.
Wehavebeentherethreetimes.
如果句中有比较确定的时间状语,则服从时间状语的要求。
LastyearIsawhimmanytimes.
④Itis/hasbeen…since…
Itis(hasbeen)twoweekssinceIcamehere.
Shesaiditwasfivehourssinceshehadfinishedherwork.
⑤Hardly…when…Nosooner…than…
Hardlyhadwegotinthecropswhenitbegantorain.
Ihadnosoonercomeintotheroomthanthedoorwasclosed.
⑥It(This)is(willbe)thefirst/second/third…time+that…
ThisisthefirsttimeIhavebeenhere.
ItllbethefirsttimeIvespokeninpublic.
III.被动语态的用法
被动语态表示句子的主语是动作的承受者,也就是动作的对象,一般说来只有及物动词才有被动语态。其构成为"be+及物动词的过去分词"。助动词be有人称、数和时态的变化,其变化规则与be作为连系动词时完全一样。含有情态动词的谓语变化为被动语态时,由"情态动词(can,maymust,haveto等)+be+动词的-ed形式。含有"begoingto,beto,usedto,beaboutto"等结构的复合谓语变为被动语态时,其构成为"begoingto(beto,usedto,beaboutto)+be+动词的-ed形式"构成。
1.被动语态的适用范围
①当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者,或者没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者时。这时不用by短语。
Thisjacketismadeofcotton.这件上衣是棉料的。
②为了强调动作的承受者时
Visitorsarerequestednottotouchtheexhibits.要求参观者不可触摸展品。
③出于策略、委婉、礼貌等不提出动作的执行者
Youaresaidtobeactiverecently.据说你最近很活跃。
常用于如下句型:
Itsnotknownthat………不得而知Itssaidthat…据说……
Itsreportedthat…据报道……Itsnotdecidedthat…尚未决定
Itsbelievedthat…据认为……Itsannouncedthat…据宣布……
2.被动语态的句型
①常见句式是:主语(受动者)+be+过去分词+(by+施动者)
HewasscoldedbytheEnglishteacher.
②主语+get+过去分词+其它成分
Theboygotdrownedlastsummer./Shegotfiredbecauseofherfaults.
使用这种结构不能带有“by+施动者”
在现代英语中大量地出现了由"get+及物动词的过去分词"构成的被动语态,这就叫做get-型被动语态。get-型被动语态中的过去分词数量有限,通常为单个的动词或比较简单的动词短语。
▲get+及物动词的过去分词
get常同marry,beat,break,damage,tear,strike,hurt,paint,invite,repair,dress,pay,wound等动词的-ed形
式连用,构成被动语态。这种结构一般指动作的结果而非动作本身,常指"最后终于,突然发生"等意义。
Hegotwoundedinthebattle.他在战斗中受伤了。
Theboygothurtonhiswayhomefromwork.男孩在回家的路上受伤了。
▲get-型被动语态一般不宜用在含有双宾语的结构中,也不宜与see,hear,watch,listento等感官动词构成被动语态。
Theoldmanwasofferedalargesumofmoney.(正)有人给了这位老人一大笔钱。
Theoldmangotofferedalargesumofmoney.(误)
▲get-型被动语态有时有言外之意或具有感情色彩
Hegottaughtalesson.他被教训了一顿。(有“活该”之意)
Howdidthewindowgetclosed.窗户怎么关上了?(有“不该关上’之意)
▲get-型被动语态有时表示开始进入某种状态,而be+动词的-ed形式只表示存在的状态。
Shegottired.她感到累了。(有开始感到疲劳的含义)
Shewastired.(只表示”她累了”)
③带有双宾语(直接宾语和间接宾语)的主动句变为动句,其主语可以是直接宾语,也可以是间接宾语。
Shelentmeabike.被动:▲Iwaslentabike(byher).
▲Abikewaslenttome(byher).
④情态动词+be+过去分词
Thisproblemmustbeworkedoutinhalfanhour.
⑤双重被动式:主语+被动式谓语+不定式的被动式+其它成分
Thesemagazinesarenotallowedtobetakenoutofthereading-room.
Themurdererwasorderedtobeshot.
3.主动表示被动的几种情况
①不及物动词与状语连用,用以表示主语的品质和状态
常见动词是:cut,sell,read,write,fill,cook,lock,wash,drive,keep等
Thisknifecutswell.这把刀好切。
Thesebookssellwell.这些书好卖。
Thepenwritessmoothly.这支笔写起来流畅。
Meatwon’tkeeplonginsuchhotweather.肉在这样热的天气里放不长久。
Theclothwasheswell.这种布好洗。
②一些连系动词的主动式+形容词。常见动look,smell,taste,sound,feel,prove,turnout等
Theapplestastegood.
Theflowersmellswonderful.
Thenewsproved/turnedouttrue
Cottonfeelssoft.
4.不可变为被动语态的几种情况
①当句子的宾语是反身代词时(因为反身代词不可作主语)
Hecandresshimself.他能自己穿衣服。不可变为Himselfcanbedressedbyhim.
②当句子的宾语是相互代词时(因为相互代词不可作主语)
Wehelpeachother/oneanother.不可变为Eachother/Oneanotherishelpedbyus.
③动宾结构的固定短语只能用于主动式,不能用被动式
Helostheart.不可变为Heartwaslostbyhim.
类似loseheart词组的还有makeaface,keepsilence,keepwords,loseinthought等等
④takepartin,belongto,own,have,hate,fail,contain等表状态动词没有被动语态
Shetookpartinthesportsmeet.不能变为Thesportsmeetwastakenpartinbyher.
⑤当have,cost,fit,last,hold等表示状态的及物动词作谓语时
Ourvillagehastwentytractors.我们村有20台拖拉机。
Thehallcanhold2000people.这个大厅能盛2000人Thewarlastedfouryears.这场战争持续了4年⑥当某些及物动词(如leave,enter,join,等)的宾语是表示处所、地点或组织时
Thestudentsenteredtheclassroomonebyone.学生门陆续地进了教室。
MybrotherjoinedthePartytwoyearsago.我哥哥2年前入了党。
Myfatherlefthishometownfiveyearsago.我父亲5年前离开了家乡。
⑦当句子的宾语是同源宾语时
TheBrownsliveahappylife.布朗一家过着幸福的生活。
⑧当句子的宾语为行为者(主语)身体上某一部分时
IcouldntbelievemyeyeswhenIsawhimstillalive.看到他还活着,我简直不相信自己的眼睛。Hehurthisfootbyjumpingoverafence.他跨越栅栏时伤了脚。
⑨当用非谓语动词作宾语时
HelikesstudyingEnglish.他喜欢学习英语
Iwishtogotheremyself.我想亲自去那里一趟注意:少数以不定式(短语)做宾语的动词(如agree,feel,decide,think等)可以变为被动句,但不能以不定式(短语)直接做被动句的主语,而要借助it为先行主语,将不定式(短语)置于谓语动词之后Hehasdecidedtogoandstudyabroad.
→Ithasbeendecided(byhim)togoandstudyabroad.他已决定出国留学。
5.含有短语动词在被动语态中介词不能丢
Muchattentionmustbepaidtoyourhandwriting.

1.—Whydidn’tyoubuythecalculator?
—I______,butMother______allowme.
A.wouldwantto;didn’tB.hadwantedto;didn’t
C.wantedto;wouldn’tD.hadwantedto;wouldn’t
2.—Thisreturnedscholarhasbecomeoneofthetopexpertsinthisfield.
—Yes,Iknowhimverywell.He______fortenyearsataninstituteintheUSA.
A.hasworkedB.hadworkedC.workedD.hasbeenworking
3.We_______dinneratsixo’clockwhenJSTV_______toshowthefilm“Ifyouarenottheone”.
A.arehaving;willstartB.willbehaving;starts
C.have;willstartD.willhavehad;starts
4.—IsRobertabroad?
—Ithinkso.He_____forabetterjob,buthedidn’tgetit.
A.hopesB.hashopedC.washopedD.hadhoped
5.Mr.Wang_____tabletenniswell,thoughhesuffersfromawaistpainand_____itforalongtime.
A.played;hasnotplayedB.plays;hadnotplayed
C.plays;didnotplayD.plays;hasnotplayed
6.—Isn’titagreatsurprisethatIhappenedtomeetmyuniversityEnglishteacherattheSouthBankParklandlastweek?
—Howlong____you_____eachother,then?
A.hadn’t;seenB.haven’t;seenC.didn’t;seeD.don’t;see
7.Itissaidthatthemeeting______forthreehours.WhyshouldIregretmissingit?!
A.haslastedB.hasbeenlastingC.lastedD.hadlasted
8.WhatIwantedtoknowwaswhenandwherethemeeting______.
A.washolding B.hadheldC.wastohold D.wastobeheld
9.一Isthereanypossiblewaytohelpthemgetridofsuchabadhabit?
一Totellthetruth,it’sveryhard.Butweonthisproblem.
A.workedB.hadworkedC.areworkingD.hadbeenworking
10.—Isthereanythingwrongwithyou,Jake?Youlooksopale.
—Ifeelverytired.I_____onthisboringpapereverydaysofarthismonth.
A.workB.havebeenworkingC.hadbeenworkingD.amworking
11.—Lookout,thereisabusahead.
—Oh,dear,_________
A.IamnotnoticingitB.Ihaven’tnoticeditC.Iwasn’tnoticingitD.Ihadnotnoticedit
12.Thetruckrandownthehill,andthedriver_________,accordingtothelocalnewspaper,tohavebeenkilled.
A.wasreportedB.wasreporting C.reportedD.hadbeenreported
13.Hewillcometoseeyouthemomenthehiswork.
A.willfinishB.finishesC.wouldfinishD.hadfinished
14.Thenewscameasnosurprisetome.Iforsometimethatthefactorywasgoingtoshutdown.
A.knewB.hadknownC.haveknownD.know
15.—ImgoingtotheUSA.
—Howlongyouthere?
A.are;stayingB.are;stayedC.have;stayedD.did;stay
16.—Tom,it’stimethatyou_______yourownclothes.
—Iwouldratheryou_______thatformejustlikebefore.
A.washed;haddoneB.wash;havedoneC.washed;havedoneD.wash;hadwashed
17.It’sreportedthatbytheendofthisyeartheoutputofcarsofthefactorybyabout20%
A.willhaverisenB.willberaisedC.willriseD.willhavebeenrisen
18.—Hadwebeenmorecareful,theaccidentmightnothavehappened.
—Butwe_____atthattime.
A.hadn’tB.didn’tC.weren’tD.mightnot
19.—I’msureAndrewwillcomeoutfirstinthisgymnasticcompetition.
—Ithinkso.He______foritformonths.
A.ispreparingB.waspreparingC.hadbeenpreparingD.hasbeenpreparing
20.—MisswangonceartatBardonSchoolfortenyearsandnowisasinger.
—NowonderIoftenhearhersinginthegarden.
A.hadtaughtB.taughtC.isteachingD.hasbeenteaching
21.—Iwonderhowlongyou_____inHawaii.
—Justfortheweekend,thenIhadtoattendaconferenceinLosAngeles.
A.willstayB.werestayingC.havestayedD.stayed
22.—I’msorry,Ishouldn’thavebeensorudetoyou.
—You________yourtemperbutthat’sOK.
A.havelostB.hadlostC.didloseD.werelosing
23.—Hi,Nancy,Iyouhadcomeback.Sohaveyougraduatedfromcollege?
—Yes.I_______FrenchforfouryearsinNanjing.
A.don’tknow,havestudiedB.didn’tknow,hadstudied
C.didn’tknow,studiedD.don’tknow,amstudying
24.____intheregulationsthatyoushouldnottellotherpeoplethepasswordofyoure-mailaccount.
A.WhatisrequiredB.WhatrequiresC.ItisrequiredD.Itrequiresthat
25.—Doyouthinkweshouldacceptthatoffer?—Yes,weshould,forwe______suchbadluckuptillnow,andtime______out.A.havehad;isrunningB.had;isrunningC.have;hasbeenrunD.havehad;hasbeenrun26.—YouwereoutwhenIdroppedinatyourhouse.
—Oh,I_______forafriendfromEnglandattheairport.
A.waswaitingB.hadwaitedC.amwaitingD.havewaited
27.—WhatwereyoudoingwhenTonyphonedyou?
—Ihadjustfinishedmyworkand___totakeashower.
A.hadstartedB.startedC.havestartedD.wasstarting
28.GreatasNewtonwas,manyofhisideas_____todayandarebeingmodifiedbytheworkofscientistsofourtime.
A.aretochallengeB.maybechallengedC.havebeenchallengedD.arechallenged
29.—Wouldyouliketojoinusinplayingthegame?
—I’msorry,butmyhomework______bynow.
A.hasn’tfinishedB.hasn’tbeenfinishedC.isn’tfinishedD.won’tbefinished
30.Withmoreforestsbeingdestroyed,hugequantitiesofgoodearth_____eachyear.
A.iswashingawayB.isbeingwashedaway
C.arewashingawayD.arebeingwashedaway
31.Theboyinsistedthathethemoneyandheatonce.
A.notsteal;besetfreeB.hadntstolen;besetfree
C.didntsteal;shouldbesetfreeD.hadntstolen;setfree
32.AsyourspokenEnglishgetsbetter,so_____yourwrittenEnglish.
A.willB.doesC.isD.has
33.—Tom,youdidn’tcometothepartylastnight?
—I______,butIsuddenlyrememberedIhadhomeworktodo.
A.hadtoB.didn’tC.wasgoingtoD.wouldn’t
34.—Whydoestheriversmellterrible?
—Becauselargequantitiesofwater__________.
A.havepollutedB.isbeingpollutedC.hasbeenpollutedD.havebeenpolluted
35.Thecompany_______ariseinsalaryforagesbutnothinghashappenedyet.
A.hasbeenpromisingB.hadpromisedC.promisedD.promises
36.—Haveyouhandedinyourpapers?
—Yes,wehave.Iguessthey___________now.
A.havecorrectedB.arecorrectedC.arebeingcorrectedD.arecorrecting
37.Thecausehehaddevotedhimselfto__________aperfectsuccess.
A.provingB.provedC.wasprovedD.hasbeenproved
38.—Goodmorning.DoctorBrown’soffice.
—Hello,thisisTomSmith.CouldyoupleasetellDoctorBrownI____?Mycar____start.
A.wasdelayed,doesn’tB.willbedelayed,won’t
C.amdelayed,didn’tDwoulddelay,mustn’t
39.—Couldyoulendmethatbookyou_______meaboutwhenItelephonedyou?
—No,Iamsorry,Ican’t.Igaveittoafriend.
A.weretellingB.wouldtellC.hadtoldD.hadbeentelling
40.—Sorry,I_______tobuythebookyouneedforyou.
—Nevermind._______itmyselfafterschool.
A.forget;I’dratherbuyB.forgot;I’llbuy
C.forgot;I’mgoingtobuyD.forget;I’dbetterbuy
41.Ididn’tgetintothetwo-hourquarrel;Iknowhowit_________,though.
A.wouldbreakoutB.hasbrokenoutC.wasbreakingoutD.hadbrokenout
42.—Wetoputoffourschoolsportsmeetuntilnextmonth.
—Ithat.
A.havedecided;didn’texpectB.decided;didn’texpect
C.havedecided;haven’texpectedD.decide;don’texpect
43.Unfortunately,whenIdroppedin,DoctorLi_____forBeijingtojoininthefightagainH1N1,soweonlyhadtimeforafewwords.
A.justleftB.hasjustleftC.isjustleavingD.wasjustleaving
44.Inrecentyearsmanyfootballclubs______asbusinesstomakeaprofit.
A.haverunB.havebeenrunC.hadbeenrunD.willrun
45.Noconclusion_______aboutwhethertoteardowntheoldbuildingsforathemeparkuntilseveraldiscussionshavebeenmade.
A.willbereached B.isreached C.isbeingreached D.hadbeenreached
46.—Haveyoufinishedyourcompositionalready,Jack?
—Yes,I____itwithinhalfanhour.
A.havefinishedB.finishedC.finishD.hadfinished
47.Ibecameateacherin1993.I_______for13yearsbynextsummer.
A.hastaughtB.willteachC.hasbeenteachingD.willhavebeenteaching
48.—Whathappened?
—Well,thewind_____thedooropen.Ivealreadyclosedit.
A.isblowingB.hasblownC.blewD.hadblown
49.—Mynephewwillcometomorrow.
—ButI’dratherhe_____thedayaftertomorrow.
A.cameB.iscomingC.willcomeD.hadcome
50.—MayIremindyouthataMrLiiswaitingoutside,sir?
—Oh,thatisright,I____aboutit.
A.forgetB.hadforgottenCforgotD.haveforgotten

1-5BCBDD6-10ACDCB11-15CABBA16-20AACDB21-25DCCCA
26-30ADCDB31-35BACDA36-40CBBAB41-45DADBA46-50BDCAC

高中英语语法:动词时态--进行时


二、进行时
进行时表示动作正在进行,这个动作是暂时的,也是未完成的。进行时包括现在进行时、过去进行时和将来进行时。
A.现在进行时
1.现在进行时的构成
现在进行时是由“am,is,are+现在分词”构成的。
Imreadingtheeveningnewspaper.
我正在看晚报。
Nowitisntsnowingoutside.
现在外面不在下雪。
Aretheyplayingsoccerintheplayground?
他们正在操场上踢足球吗?
2.现在进行时的用法
①现在进行时的基本用法
a.表示说话的此刻正在进行的动作
通常由表示“此刻”的时间状语(now,atthismoment),或通过Look/Listen!这两个提示语来表明此时此刻动作正在进行。
Sheismakingafirenow.
她正在生火。
Listen!MaryissinginganEnglishsongintheclassroom.
听!玛丽正在教室里唱英文歌。
b.表示现在时间段中正在进行的动作
Theyareplantingtreesonthehillthesedays.
这几天他们正在山上种树。
Idontreallyworkhere;Iamjusthelpingoutuntilthenewsecretaryarrives.
我并不在这儿工作,我只是在新秘书来之前帮帮忙罢了。
c.表示按计划或安排将要发生的动作
能这样用的动词并不多,通常是arrive,begin,come,do,drive,fly,go,leave,stay等表示位置转移的动词。这种用法比较生动,给人以一种期待感。
JaneandBettyaregoingonholidayinafewdays.
几天后简和贝蒂将出去度假。
WhereareyoustayinginGuangzhou?
你到广州后准备住在哪里?
②现在进行时的特殊用法
a.表示一种重复的动作,带有“厌恶”、“赞叹”等感情色彩
现在进行时往往与constantly,always,forever等状语连用,给现在的动作披上一层感情色彩。
Shesconstantlycomplaining.
她不停地抱怨。
Mybrotherisalwaysleavingthingsabout.
我弟弟总是乱丢东西。
Heisforeverthinkingofdoingmoreforthestudents.
他总是想着为学生多做些事情。
b.表示某一具体动作或心理状态的发展过程
Thehouseisfallingdown.
房子正在倒下。
Theweatherischangingforthebetter.
天气慢慢转好了。
注意:
有时表示一个动作刚刚开始。
ImforgettingmyEnglish.
我的英语开始忘了。
Foodiscostingmore.
食品贵了起来。
c.强调动作的重复
Thetrainisarrivinglatealmosteverydaythissummer.
这个夏季火车几乎天天晚点。
Someoneisknockingatthedoor.
有人不断地在敲门。
Theboyisjumpingwithjoy.
那男孩高兴地跳个不停。
d.表示两个动作是同一动作
Hewhohelpsothersishelpinghimself.
帮人就是帮自己。
Ifyouinsistondoingit,youaredoingafoolishthing.
如果你坚持做这件事,你就是在干傻事。
e.be动词的进行时态
be动词一般不用于进行时态。但有时可用“am,is,are+being+形容词”结构表示暂时或故意如此。
Theboyisbeingnaughty.这孩子有点儿淘气。
Idontthinkyouarebeingfair.
我认为你不公平。
Heisbeingmodest.
他现在很谦虚。
比较:
Youarenotpolite.
你不讲礼貌。(一贯如此)
Youarenotbeingpolite.
你可有点儿不礼貌了。(暂时的现象)
3.不用进行时态的动词
①表示状态的动词
这类动词有seem,look,appear,have,belongto,own,hold等。
Thisbackpackbelongstome.
这背包是我的。
Heseemsratherangrywithyou.
看起来他很生你的气。
②表示知道、信念、理解、推测、怀疑、希望等含义的动词
这类动词有know,remember,understand,see,think,believe,suppose,hope,doubt等。
Idontthinkhewillcometomorrow.
我想他明天不会来。
Istillrememberthedayswhenwestudiedtogether.
我还记得我们一起学习的那些日子。
提示:
有时这些动词的进行时态可表示心理状态的缓慢发展过程。
Shesunderstandingyoubetternow.
她越来越了解你了。
③表示要求、心愿等意义的动词
这类动词有want,wish,need,desire等。
Yourclothesneedwashing.
你的衣服需要洗了。
HowIwishIwereabird!
我多希望我是一只鸟啊!
④表示继续或持续含义的动词
这类动词有continue,keep,last,goon等。
Shestillcontinuesinpoorhealth.
她仍然身体很差。
Everydayafterfinishinghishomework,hegoesontodosomereading.
他每天做完作业后,都会继续看会儿书。
⑤表示感觉的动词
这类动词有see,hear,smell,taste,feel等。
Theapplestastegood.
这些苹果尝起来不错。
Thisflowersmellsnice.
这花闻上去很香。
Yoursuggestionsoundsreasonable.
你的建议听上去有道理。
注意:
如果这些动词表示一种有意识的行为,则可用进行时态。
Sheistastingtheapple.
她正在尝苹果。
Thedogissmellingthefootprints.
狗正在嗅脚印。
Thebellissoundingfordinner.
晚饭铃响了。
4.现在进行时和一般现在时的比较
①暂时性动作和经常性动作
Thecomputerisworkingperfectly.
计算机运转得很好。(暂时)
Thecomputerworksperfectly.
计算机运转很好。(一直如此)
②持续性动作和短暂性动作
Thebusisstopping.
车停了下来。(渐渐地)
Thebusstops.车停了。(迅速)
③暂时性动作和永久性动作
Sheislivinginthecountry.
她现在住在农村。(暂时)
Shelivesinthecountry.
她住在农村。(永久)
④有感情色彩和没有感情色彩
Heisdoingwellatschool.
他在学校表现很好。(赞扬)
Hedoeswellatschool.
他在学校表现很好。(一般事实)
B.过去进行时
1.过去进行时的构成
过去进行时是由“was/were+现在分词”构成的。
Iwasdoingmyhomeworkatthistimeyesterday.
昨天的这个时候我正在做作业。
Wereyouexpectinghimyesterday?
你昨天一直在等他吗?
TheywerenottalkingwhenIcamein.
我进来的时候他们没在说话。
2.过去进行时的用法
①过去进行时的基本用法
a.表示在过去某一时刻正在发生的动作或该动作与过去的另一动作同时发生
Iwashavingsupperat7:00yesterdayevening.
昨天晚上7点我正在吃晚饭。
ShewasplayingthepianowhileIwasreadingthenewspaper.
她弹钢琴时我在看报。
提示:
当句子意思很清楚时,我们也可以把两个动词都换成一般过去时。
Welistenedcloselywhiletheteacherreadthetext.
老师读课文时,我们都仔细地听着。
b.表示过去一段时间内正在进行的动作
Weweretalkingaboutyouthewholemorning.
我们整个上午都在说你。
HewaswatchingTVathomefrom3:00to5:00yesterdayafternoon.
昨天下午从3点到5点他一直在看电视。
c.表示按计划、安排过去将要发生的事
Hetoldmethathewasgoingsoon.
他告诉我他很快就要走了。
ShesaidshewasleavingforNewYorkthenextmonth.
她说她下个月动身去纽约。
②过去进行时的特殊用法
a.表示故事发生的背景
Itwassnowingasthemedicalteammadeitswaytothefront.
那支医疗小组往前线行进时天正下着雪。
Tomslippedintothehousewhennoonewaslooking.
汤姆乘没人注意时溜进了房间。
b.表示一个新的动作刚刚开始
过去进行时可用来引出一个新的动作,这种用法颇有点儿像镜头转换。
Fiveminuteslater,hewasstandingatthedoor,smoking.
5分钟后,他已站在门口抽着烟。
Thebabywascryinghard,andsuddenlythecryingstopped.
这婴儿在大声啼哭,突然,哭声停止了。
c.用来陈述原因或用作借口
Shewenttothedoctoryesterday.Shewashavingalotoftroublewithherheart.
她昨天去看病了。她患了很严重的心脏病。
IhaventfinishedmyhomeworkbecauseIwashelpingmymotherathomealldayyesterday.
我作业没做完是因为我昨天一直帮妈妈在家干活。
d.与always,constantly等词连用,表示感情色彩
Thegirlwasalwayschanginghermind.
这女孩老是改变主意。
Inthepasthewasconstantlyaskingmeformoney.
过去他总是向我要钱。
3.过去进行时与一般过去时的区别
①一般过去时往往表示某一动作已经完成,而过去进行时却表示动作在持续或未完成。
Shewrotealettertoherfriendlastnight.
她昨晚给朋友写了封信。(信写完了)
Shewaswritingalettertoherfriendlastnight.
她昨晚一直在给朋友写信。(信不一定写完)
②一般过去时表示只做一次动作,而过去进行时却表示动作反复地进行。
Shewavedtome.
她朝我挥了挥手。
Shewaswavingtome.
她不断地朝我挥手。
Theboyjumpedupanddown.
这男孩跳了一下。
Theboywasjumpingupanddown.
这男孩不停地跳着。
C.将来进行时
1.将来进行时的构成
将来进行时是由“shall/will+be+现在分词”构成的。
Dontphonemebetween8:00and10:00.Wellbehavingclassesthen.
8点到10点之间不要给我打电话,我们那时正在上课。
Willyoubeusingyourbicyclethisevening?
今晚你用自行车吗?
Shewontbehavingameetinginherofficeat8:00tomorrow.
明天8点她不在开会。
2.将来进行时的用法
①将来进行时的基本用法
a.表示在将来某一时间正在进行的动作
Illbetakingmyholidaysoon.
我不久就去度假了。
Theywillbemeetingusatthestation.
他们会在车站接我们的。
b.在口语中代替will/shalldo
Ihopeyouwillbecomingontime.
我希望你按时来。
IllbeseeingMr.Smithtomorrow.
我明天将见到史密斯先生。
Theministerwillbegivingaspeechoninternationalaffairs.
部长将就国际事务发表演讲。
②将来进行时的特殊用法
a.表示原因、结果或猜测
Pleasecometomorrowafternoon.TomorrowmorningIllbehavingameeting.
请你明天下午来吧。我明天上午有个会。(表原因)
Stopthechildorhewillbefallingover.
抓住那个孩子,要不他会掉下去的。(表结果)
Youwillbemakingamistake.
你会出错的。(表推测)
b.用在问句中,表示委婉礼貌
Willyoubereadinganythingelse?
你还要看点儿什么吗?
Whenshallwebemeetingagain?
我们什么时候再见面?
c.表示稍后一点儿的安排
ThestudentsaerstudyingUnit3thisweek,andnextweekwellbestudyingUnit4.
这星期我们学第三单元,下周我们将学第四单元。
MydutieswillendinJulyandIwillbereturningtoShanghai.
我的任务在7月结束,之后我会回上海。

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