GlobalwarmingPeriod6 SummingUp，LearningTipandAssessment
整体设计
教学内容分析
Thisisthelastteachingperiodofthisunit，sotheemphasisshouldbeplacedongoingoverandsummarizingwhathasbeenlearnedinthisunit.Itincludesthefollowingparts：SummingUp，LearningTip，CheckingYourselfandsomeotherconsolidationexercises.
SummingUpsummarizesthewholeunitfromtheaspectsoftopicsandvocabularyandgrammar.Theteachercanfirstusethisparttoletstudentssumupwhattheyhavelearnedinthisunitandthenletthemfindoutwhattheycantunderstandverywell.
LearningTipgivesstudentsinstructionsonwhichkindofnounsbeginwithacapitalletter.Letthestudentsthinkaboutwhattheyalreadyknowabouttherulesandwhatnewinformationtheywillfind.
CheckingYourselfonPage68intheWorkbookaimsatencouragingstudentstomakeaself－assessmentaftertheyfinishlearningthisunit.Itisveryimportanttoimprovetheirlearning.Ofcourse，atestingassessmentisalsoneeded.
Inthisperiod，theteachercanalsoprovidemorepracticetoconsolidatewhatstudentshavelearnedinthisunit.
三维目标设计
Knowledgeandskills
1．Togetstudentstomasteralltheusefulnewwordsandexpressionsinthisunit.
2．Tohavestudentsunderstandthenewgrammaritem“theuseof‘it’(2)”better，andenablethemtousethesentencepatternscorrectly.
3．Todevelopthestudentsabilitytousetheimportantlanguagepointsinthisunit.
Processandmethods
Designsomeadditionalexercisesforstudentstodoinorderthattheycanlearntouseandgraspallthecontents.
Emotion，attitudeandvalue
1．Toencouragestudentstolearnmoreaboutglobalwarmingandenvironmentalprotection.
2．Toinspirethestudentstothinkupmoreeffectivemeasurestopreventglobalwarming.
教学重、难点
Usingwhattheyhavelearnedinthisunittosolverealproblems.
教学过程
?Step1 Revision
1．Checkthehomeworkexercises.
2．Dictatesomeusefulnewwordsandexpressionsinthisunit.
?Step2 Lead－in
AskthestudentstoturntoPage32.Thinkaboutwhattheyhavelearnedinthisunitandticktheboxestoseehowwelltheyhavelearnedthem.
?Step3 Summingup
Fiveminutesforthestudentstosummarizewhattheyhavelearnedinthisunitbythemselves.Thencheckandexplainsomethingwherenecessary.
Suggestedanswers：
Writedownwhatyouhavelearnedaboutglobalwarming：
(Studentsanswersmayvary.)ThetemperatureoftheearthroseaboutonedegreeFahrenheitduringthe20thcentury.Itishumanactivitythathascausedthisglobalwarming.Allscientistssubscribetotheviewthattheincreaseintheearthstemperatureisduetotheburningoffossilfuels.Somebyproductsofthisprocessarecalledgreenhousegases，whichtrapheatandwarmtheearth.Withoutthegreenhouseeffect，theearthwouldbecoolerthanitis.Butscientistsdontagreewitheachotherontheeffectsofglobalwarming.Somethinkitwillbeadisaster，butsomeothersthinkitsagoodthingandwecandonothingtopreventthetrend.Byreadingthesecondpassage，wealsoknowsomeeasyandeffectivemeasureswecantaketodealwithglobalwarming.
Fromthisunityouhavealsolearned：
Someusefulwords：tend，oppose，state，glance，quantity，range，tendency，circumstance，opposed，steady，widespread，average，consume，subscribe，advocate，refresh，graph，phenomenon，fuel，data，trend，catastrophe，flood，consequence，existence，commitment，pollution，growth，motor，can，microwave，educator，contribution，presentation，disagreement，random，mild，outer，electrical，casual，nuclear，per
Someusefulexpressions：comeabout，subscribeto，quantitiesof，goup，resultin，beopposedto，evenif，keepon，onthewhole，onbehalfof，putupwith，solongas，andsoon，greenhouseeffect
Newgrammaritem：theuseof“it”—howtouse“it”foremphasisinasentence.
Functionalitems：howtoexpressagreementanddisagreement，blameandcomplaint.
?Step4 Practice
Showtheexercisesonthescreenorgiveoutexercisepapers.
Part1 Vocabulary
1．Researchersc______livingconditionsinLondonwiththoseinotherplaces.
2．Theirpricesarelowc______tothoseinothershops.
3．Idontthinkanybodym______toherapartfromherself.
4．Heprefersq______toqualitywhenfoodisconcerned.
5．Thed______wehavecollectedarenotenoughtobeconvincing.
6．Everythingwasinas______ofdisorder.
7．Whatisthea______rainfallforAugustinyourcountry?
8．Eachi______boyintheclasshashisownpersonalities.
9．Wehavebeenhavingafewa______inthecommitteelately.
10．Theywerep______inthehistoryofmusic.
11．Asac______ofbeinginhospital，Shellydecidedthatshewantedtobecomeanurse.
12．Adoctorhasthet______“Dr”infrontofhisname.
13．Thenumberofthechildrenintheschoolhasd______by500thisyear.
14．Thecookerisntworkingbecauseofane______fault.
15．Thefoodwascoldandtheguestsquarreled—thewholedinnerwasac______.
Part2 Usefulphrases
1．在20世纪期间____________
2．导致____________
3．另一方面____________
4．通过燃烧化石燃料____________
5．大量的____________
6．忍受污染____________
7．有关系，有影响____________
8．大体上，基本上____________
9．高达5摄氏度____________
10．发生____________
Part3 Completethefollowingsentencesaccordingtothetexts.
1．Anenergysourceisrenewablewhensuppliesofitnever____________.
2．Itisarapidincrease______________________________.
3．Thereis____________thattheearthisbecomingwarmingbutthereis__________________whetheritis__________________hascausedthisglobalwarmingorwhetheritis________________________.
4．______thegreenhouseeffect，theearth____________aboutthirty－threedegreesCelsius________________________.
5．The____________ofcarbondioxide______thatmoreheatenergyistrappedintheatmosphere______the______________________________.
6．Itwas__________________CharlesKeeling______made__________________theamountofcarbondioxideintheatmospherefrom1957to1997.
7．Theyalsobelieve____________theburningofmoreandmorefossilfuelsthatis____________thisincreaseincarbondioxide.
8．Therearesomeverydifferent______amongscientists__________________.
9．SometimesIfeelthat______canthaveany__________________huge______problems.
10．Finallyandmost______，talk______yourfamilyandfriends______globalwarmingandtellthemwhatyouhavelearned.
11．Remember—your____________.
Part4 Multiplechoice
1．Isit______toyouthatthegovernmentishavingahardtimenow?
A．ofmuchimportantB．ofmuchconsequence
C．ofveryimportanceD．ofmuchconsequent
2．Somethingmustbedoneto______theriverfrom______.
A．stop；beingpollutedB．stop；polluting
C．prevent；pollutionD．keep；polluted
3．There______quantitiesofapplesinthebasketandtherewas______milkinthebucket.
A．were；anumberofB．was；quantitiesof
C．was；agoodmanyD．were；aquantityof
4．______wegetgoodweatheritwillbeasuccessfulholiday.Whichiswrong?
A．SolongasB．Providedthat
C．SolongD．Onconditionthat
5．—Goforapicnicthisweekend，OK?
—______.Ilovegettingclosetonature.
A．IdontthinksoB．Ibelievenot
C．IcouldntagreemoreD．Iamafraidnot
6．—Now，whereismypurse?
—______！Wewillbelateforthepicnic.
A．ComeonB．Dontworry
C．TakeyourtimeD．Takeiteasy
7．Itwasnotuntil1999______regularradiobroadcastbegan.
A．whileB．which
C．thatD．since
8．Canitbeintherestaurant______wehaddinnerlastSunday______youleftyourwallet?
A．where；whereB．where；that
C．that；whereD．that；that
9．—Whatsthematterwithyou?
—______thewindow，myfingerwascutunexpectedly.
A．CleaningB．Toclean
C．WhilecleaningD．WhileIwascleaning
10．Theotherday，mybrotherdrovehiscardownthestreetat______Ithoughtwasadangerousspeed.
A．asB．which
C．thereD．what
Suggestedanswers：
Part1 Vocabulary
1．compared 2.compared 3.matters 4.quantity 5.data 6.state 7.average 8.individual 9.agreements 10.phenomena 11.consequence 12.title 13.decreased 14.electrical 15.catastrophe
Part2 Usefulphrases
1．duringthe19thcentury 2.leadto 3.ontheotherhand 4.throughtheburningoffossilfuels/byburningfossilfuels 5.agreatdealof/scoresof 6.putupwiththepollution
7．makeadifference 8.onthewhole 9.asmuchasfivedegreesCelsius(5℃) 10.comeabout
Part3 Completethefollowingsentencesaccordingtothetexts.
1．runout 2.comparedtomostnaturalchanges 3.nodoubt；fiercedebateover；humanactivitythat；justanaturalphenomenon 4.Without；wouldbe；coolerthanitis 5.increasedamount；means；causing；globaltemperaturetogoup 6.ascientistcalled；who；accuratemeasurementsof 7.itis；resultingin 8.attitudes；towardsthisissue 9.individuals；effectonsuch；environmental 10.importantly；with；about 11.contributioncounts
Part4 Multiplechoice
1～5BADCC 6～10ACBDD
?Step5 Learningtip
AskthestudentstoturntoPage32.Readthroughthepassageandmakesuretheyunderstandit.EncouragethemtodoasthepassagetellsbecauseiftheyaredoingsotheywillbeteachingthemselvesausefulwayofusingEnglishwords.
?Step6 Assessment
1．Checkingyourself(onPage68intheWorkbook)
Firstgetthestudentstothinkaboutthesequestionsindividually.Thentheycandiscussingroupssharingtheirexperience.Theteachercanjoininandgivethemadviceandsuggestionswherenecessary.
2．Testingassessment
Multiplechoice
1．______withthesizeofthewholeearth，thebiggestoceandoesnotseembigatall.
A．CompareB．Whencomparing
C．ComparingD．Whencompared
2．Pleasetellmehowtheaccident______.Iamstillinthedark.
A．camebyB．cameout
C．cametoD．cameabout
3．Theaccident______thedeathoftwopassengers.
A．resultedfromB．resultedin
C．resultedofD．resultedwith
4．ItisinthewestofChina______thereisnodoubt______itisgoingtoraintomorrow.
A．where；whetherB．that；that
C．that；whetherD．where；that
5．Itwas1969______theAmericanastronautssucceededinlandingonthemoon.
A．thatB．when
C．onwhichD．which
6．Itwas______backhomeaftertheexperiment.
A．notuntilmidnightdidhego
B．untilmidnightthathedidntgo
C．notuntilmidnightthathewent
D．untilmidnightwhenhedidntgo
7．Theressomedoubt______hellkeephispromise.
A．whetherB．if
C．thatD．which
8．The______parentswereall______forthechildrenssafety.
A．concerned；concerned
B．concerned；concerning
C．concerning；concerning
D．concerning；concerned
9．Thestudentsages______15to18.
A．rangeB．ranged
C．rangefromD．rangesfrom
10．______，wellgocamping.
A．WeatherpermitsB．Ifweatherwillpermit
C．Weatherpermitting D．Weatherpermitted
11．______，wewouldhavenotfinishedtheworkontime.
A．IfyoudidnthelpusB．Withoutyourhelp
C．WithoutyouD．Withyourhelp
12．—Iwillnotcomeheretomorrow.
—______tome，becauseIdontcare.
A．Itdoesntmakeanydifference
B．Itmakesmuchdifference
C．Itdoesntmakenodifference
D．Itmakesadifference
13．Youcangoout，______youpromisetobebackbefore11oclock.
A．asfarasB．sofaras
C．whenD．as/solongas
14．—Iapologizefornotbeingabletojoinyoufordinner.
—______.Wellgettogetherlater.
A．GoaheadB．Nottoworry
C．ThatsrightD．Dontmentionit
15．Christmasis______specialholidaywhen______wholefamilyaresupposedtogettogether.
A．the；theB．a；a
C．the；aD．a；the
Suggestedanswers：1～5DDBBB 6～10CAACC 11～15BADBD
?Step7 Homework
1．FinishofftheWorkbookexercises.
2．ReviewandsummarizewhatyouhavelearnedinUnit4.
?Step8 Reflectionafterteaching
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
AhealthylifePeriod6 SummingUp，LearningTipandAssessment
整体设计
教学内容分析
Thisisthelastteachingperiodofthisunit，sotheemphasisshouldbeplacedongoingoverandsummarizingwhathasbeenlearnedinthisunit.Itincludesthefollowingparts：SummingUp，LearningTip，CheckingYourselfandsomeotherconsolidationexercises.
SummingUpsummarizesthewholeunitfromtheaspectsoftopics，vocabularyandgrammar.Theteachercanfirstusethisparttoletstudentssumupwhattheyhavelearnedinthisunitandthenletthemfindoutwhattheycantunderstandverywell.
LearningTipgivesstudentsinstructionsonhowtogetthegeneralideaofthetext.Letthestudentsthinkaboutwhattheyalreadyknowaboutthetopicandwhatnewinformationtheywillfind.
Finally，askstudentstofinishCheckingYourselfonPage61intheWorkbook.Thispartaimsatencouragingstudentstomakeaself－assessmentaftertheyfinishlearningthisunit.Itisveryimportanttoimprovetheirlearning.Ofcourse，atestingassessmentisalsoneeded.
Inthisperiod，theteachershouldalsoprovidemorepracticetoconsolidatewhatstudentshavelearnedinthisunit.
三维目标设计
Knowledgeandskills
1．Togetstudentstomasteralltheusefulnewwordsandexpressionsinthisunit.
2．Tohavestudentsunderstandthenewgrammaritem“theuseof‘it’”better，andenablethemtousethefollowingstructurescorrectly：It＋be＋(difficult/necessary/arule/aduty)＋for/ofsb.＋todosth.；It/This/Thatis＋thefirst/secondtime＋thatsb.has/havedonesth.；Itis/hasbeen＋years/days/weekssincesb.didsth.；Itwillbelong/hours/days/yearsbeforesb.do/doessth.
3．Todevelopthestudentsabilitytousetheimportantlanguagepointsinthisunit.
Processandmethods
Designsomeadditionalexercisesforstudentstodoinorderthattheycanlearntouseandgraspallthecontents.
Emotion，attitudeandvalue
1．ToencouragestudentstolearnmoreabouthealthylifestylesandknowmoreaboutHIV/AIDS.
2．TohelpstudentstakeapositiveattitudetowardspeoplewithHIV/AIDS.
教学重、难点
Usingwhattheyhavelearnedinthisunittosolverealproblems.
教学过程
?Step1 Revision
1．Checkthehomeworkexercises.
2．Dictatesomeusefulnewwordsandexpressionsinthisunit.
?Step2 Lead－in
AskthestudentstoturntoPage24.Thinkaboutwhattheyhavelearnedinthisunitandticktheboxestoseehowwelltheyhavelearnedthem.
?Step3 Summingup
Fiveminutesforthestudentstosummarizewhattheyhavelearnedinthisunitbythemselves.Thencheckandexplainsomethingwherenecessary.
Suggestedanswers：
(Studentsanswersmayvary.)FromthisunitIhavelearnedwhatahealthylifestyleisandhowtogetridofsmoking.IhavealsolearnedsomethingaboutHIV/AIDSandsomeHIV/AIDSprograms.
Fromthisunityouhavealsolearned：
usefulverbs：abusestressstrengthenbanquitaccustom
phrasalverbs：decideon feellike(doing) takerisks getinto
usefulnouns：effect cigarette alcohol adolescent withdrawal lung packet chemist comprehension appendix pill survival sex needle prejudice judgement abortion cigar
usefuladjectivesandadverbs：due automatic mental desperate ashamed disappointed awkward tough addicted pregnant abnormal breathless unfit illegal male female embarrassed
usefulexpressions:dueto inspiteof takerisks getinto atrisk beaccustomedto
newgrammaritem：theuseof“it”
?Step4 Practice
Showtheexercisesonthescreenorgiveoutexercisepapers.
Ⅰ.Wordspelling
1．Hisbehaviorwasbeyondc______.Icouldnotunderstandwhyhedidso.
2．Tomsi______behaviorledtohisbeingarrested，whichmadehisparentsdisappointed.
3．Toourdelight，thereareagreatmanys______fromthefireforthetimelyrescue.
4．Allthe______(女性的)workersinthisfactorygotapresentonMarch8.
5．Myfatherhasq______smoking.
6．Thedooropened______(自动地)asweapproached.
7．Some______(青少年)havegotintothehabitoftakingdrugs.
8．M______healthisasimportantasphysicalhealth.
9．Thereisstillsometimeleftandweshouldntget______(绝望的)．
10．TheEnglishteachers______theimportanceofreadingaloud，whichisnecessaryforimprovingEnglish.
11．Inmyopinion，theInternetdoes______(加强)therelationshipsbetweenmyfriendsandme.
Ⅱ.Fillintheblankswiththeexpressionsgivenbelow.Useeachexpressiononlyonceandmakechangeswherenecessary.
inspiteof dueto getaccustomedto outofbreath decideon throwaway feelliketakearisk getinto becomeaddictedto
1．Thetelevisionstationapologizedforthebadpicture，whichwas______thebadweatherconditions.
2．Thefathersaidthathissonhadbeenagoodstudentbeforehe______computergames.
3．Letsthinkitovertogetherand______aplanforaction.
4．Havinglivedthereforalongtime，theyoungman______theforeignfood.
5．Doyou______goingtoamovie?
6．Youshould______theseoldtablesandbuysomenewones.
7．He______whenhecrossedtheoldbridgebecauseitwasunderrepair.
8．Ifeelthatitisimportantto______thehabitofplanningtoachievegreatwealth.
9．______thesedifficulties，Iknowyouwillwinthecompetition.
10．Irantotheofficeallalongandwas______whenIgotthere.
Ⅲ.TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglishaccordingtotheunderlinedsentencepatterns.
1．Neither_did_I_knowthatmycigarettesmokecouldaffectthehealthofnon－smokers.
Theycouldntdowithoutpractice；______(实践没有理论也不行)．
2．Everytimeyoufeellikesmokingacigarette，remindyourselfthatyouareanon－smoker.
Youmustpresentyourlibraryticket______(你每次借书时)．
3．What_I_did_knowwasthatmygirlfriendthoughtIsmeltterrible.
______(我确实知道)isthatsmokingdoesharmtohealth，butIstillcantgiveitup.
4．It_seems_amazing_thatatmyageImstillfitenoughtocycle20kilometersinanafternoon.
______(这看起来不可能)shewillrefusetheofferofhelp.
Ⅳ.Multiplechoice
1．Onceyouhavebecome______tocigarettesmokingoralcohol，itishardto______iteventhoughyoutryhard.
A．used；getawaywith B．addicted；getridof
C．adapted；getdowntoD．accustomed；getoff
2．Youhavereally______ourtrustandexpectation.Howcomethatyouhavegotyourselfinvolvedinfamilyandchildabuses?
A．letdownB．disappointed
C．abusedD．broken
3．______thethickfoghangingaroundtheairport，hisplanewhichwas______at11：30landedtwohourslate.
A．Thanksto；believedtoarrive
B．Owingto；aboutarriving
C．Becauseof；supposedarriving
D．Dueto；duetoarrive
4．Forthebenefitofnon－smokers，theMayorstressedtheimportanceandurgencyto______inpublicplaces.
A．ridsmoking B．stopsmoking
C．bansmoking D．preventsmoking
5．Sheissoaccustomedto______aroundallthetimethathissuddenwithdrawalfromherworldcausedhergreatpanic.
A．himbeing B．being
C．himtobeD．havehimaround
6．Itisgenerallybelievedthatconstantreadingandcomprehendingcan______ourmentalabilityofcomprehensionwhilephysicalexercisecanhelpbuildupourbody.
A．stressB．effect
C．strengthenD．decide
7．Thoughmanyoftheheavysmokershaverealizedtheseriouseffectthatsmokinghas______theirhealth，theycontinuetosmokeinsteadof______.
A．for；givingitupB．on；leaving
C．to；abandoning D．on；quitting
8．______thefactthattherewasgreatprejudiceagainstwomenenteringmensprofessionthen，shesucceededasamanagerofabigcompany.
A．WhileB．Inspiteof
C．DespiteofD．As
9．______asthepatientslungstructurewas，thedoctorsstilldecidedto______toperformtheoperationonhim.
A．Informal；takeachance
B．Normal；takearisk
C．Abnormal；takerisks
D．Abnormal；takechances
10．Itis______ofyoutomakeyourteacher______infrontofsomanystudentsonpurpose.
A．shameful；embarrassed
B．ashamed；embarrassed
C．ashame；embarrass
D．ashamed；embarrassing
11．Eventhoughheknewhewouldputhisownlife______，hestillfelt______thenewlydiscoveredherbtofindoutwhatitwould______.
A．atarisk；liketotry；feellike
B．atrisks；liketrying；feel
C．atrisk；liketotry；feelas
D．atrisk；liketrying；feellike
12．Whenadesperatemanbecomesdesperate______money，loveorsex，hewillstopatnothingtogetwhathewants，turningtoillegalmeansorevenrisking______hisownlife.
A．for；tolose B．for；losing
C．with；tolose D．at；losing
13．Thedateforthenextroundsix－partytalk______butwhetherprogresswillbemaderemains______.
A．hasagreed；tobeseen
B．hasbeendecidedon；tobeseen
C．hasbeenreached；beingseen
D．hasbeendeterminedon；beingseen
14．Itis______foragirltobecomepregnantbeforemarriageinChinabutinsomedevelopedWesterncountriesitisaquite______andacceptablebehavior.
A．embarrassed；normal
B．disappointing；ordinary
C．awkward；common
D．embarrassing；general
15．Ifoneorbothoftheparents______intothehabitofsmoking，theyarelikelyto______theirchildrenintothehabit，whichgetsthemintoalotofhealthproblems.
A．havegot；get B．hasgot；get
C．havefallen；fall D．hasformed；get
16．Oneshouldnotmakeflatteryan/a______partofonesbehaviorinlife.
A．naturalB．normal
C．automaticD．genuine
Firstgetthestudentstodotheexercises.Thentheanswersaregiven.Theteachercangivethemexplanationswherenecessary.
Suggestedanswers：
Ⅰ.1.comprehension 2.illegal 3.survivals 4.female 5.quitted 6.automatically
7．adolescents 8.Mental 9.desperate 10.stresses 11.strengthen
Ⅱ.1.dueto 2.becameaddictedto 3.decideon 4.hasgotaccustomedto 5.feellike 6.throwaway 7.tookarisk 8.getinto 9.Inspiteof 10.outofbreath
Ⅲ.1.neithercouldpracticewithouttheory 2.everytimeyouborrowbooks 3.WhatIdoknow 4.Itseemsimpossible
Ⅳ.1～16BCDCA CDBCA DBBCA C
?Step5 Learningtip
AskthestudentstoturntoPage24.Readthroughthepassageandmakesuretheyunderstandit.Encouragethemtodoasthepassagetellsbecauseiftheyaredoingsotheywillbeteachingthemselvesausefulwayoflearning.
?Step6 Assessment
1．Checkingyourself(onPage61intheWorkbook)
Firstgetthestudentstothinkaboutthesequestionsindividually.Thentheycandiscussingroupssharingtheirexperience.Theteachercanjoininandgivethemadviceandsuggestionswherenecessary.
2．Testingassessment
Ⅰ.Completethefollowingsentencesaccordingtothetexts.
1．Ithinkmylongandactivelife______(要归功于)thehealthylifeIlive.
2．Yourmothertellsmethatyoustartedsmokingsometimeagoandnowyouarefinding______(戒掉它很困难)．
3．Yousee，duringadolescenceIalsosmokedand______(吸烟上瘾)．
4．Thismeansthatafterawhileyourbody______(习惯了)havingnicotineinit.
5．Asyouknow，ifyoudothesamethingoverandoveragain，youbegintodoit______(自动地)．
6．WhenIwasyoung，Ididntknowmuchaboutthe______(吸烟的危害性)．
7．Ifyou______(感到没办法)，youmightliketotalktoadoctororchemistaboutsomethingtohelpyou.
8．Everytimeyoufeellikesmoking，______(提醒你自己)thatyouareanon－smoker.
9．______(尽管)allhiseffortshefailedintheexamatlast.
10．IfyoudevelopAIDS，your______(生存的几率)areverysmall.
Ⅱ.Multiplechoice
1．Ihate______whenthelightturnsgreen，peopledontmoveuntilitisabouttoturnredagain.
A．itB．that
C．theseD．them
2．Iwasdisappointedatthisnovel.Ihadexpected______tobemuchbetter.
A．thatB．it
C．oneD．this
3．Johnspeaksinalowvoice；______isdifficulttoknowwhatheissaying.
A．itB．that
C．soD．which
4．Mywatchismissing.Icantfind______anywhere.
A．oneB．ones
C．it D．that
5．______MarywasfreeonMondaymorning.
A．Thathappened B．Itishappenedthat
C．IthappenedtoD．Ithappenedthat
6．______iskind______youtohavetakengoodcareofmybaby.
A．This；to B．It；for
C．It；ofD．That；of
7．Tomsmotherkepttellinghimthatheshouldworkharder，but______didnthelp.
A．itB．he
C．sheD．which
8．Idontthink______possibletomasteraforeignlanguagewithouthardwork.
A．thisB．that
C．itsD．it
9．Jessicaheardaterriblenoise，______broughtherheartintohermouth.
A．itB．which
C．thisD．that
10．Is______necessarytocompletethedesignbeforetheweekend?
A．thisB．that
C．it D．he
11．______willbegoodtodosomeexerciseeverymorning.
A．ItB．There
C．ThoseD．You
12．Wethink______ourdutytopaytaxestothegovernment.
A．thatB．this
C．itsD．it
13．______fouryearssinceIjoinedthearmy.
A．Itwas B．Thereis
C．ItisD．Therewas
14．______appearstome______thereportmustbetrue.
A．That；it B．It；that
C．It；itD．That；that
15．TheclimateofShanghaiisbetterthan______ofParis.
A．thatB．it
C．whichD．what
Suggestedanswers：
Ⅰ.1.mustbedueto 2.itdifficulttogiveitup 3.becameaddictedtocigarettes 4.becomesaccustomedto 5.automatically 6.harmfuleffectsofsmoking 7.feeldesperate 8.remindyourself 9.Inspiteof 10.chancesofsurvival
Ⅱ.1～5ABACD 6～10CADBC 11～15ADCBA
?Step7 Homework
1．FinishofftheWorkbookexercises.
2．ReviewandsummarizewhatyouhavelearnedinUnit3.
?Step8 Reflectionafterteaching
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GlobalwarmingPeriod2 LanguageStudy
整体设计
教学内容分析
Theemphasisofthisperiodwillbeplacedontheimportantnewwords，phrasesandsentencepatternsinWarmingUp，Pre－reading，Reading，ComprehendingandDiscoveringusefulwordsandexpressionsinLearningaboutLanguage.Therearealtogether53newwordsandphrasesinthesefiveparts.20ofthemaremarkedwithtriangles，whichshowsthatthestudentsneedntlearnthembyheart.Itisenoughtorecognizethemwhenmeetingthemwhilereadingthepassage.Theother33shouldallberemembered，amongwhichthefollowingwordsandexpressionsareevenmoreimportant：tend，range，subscribeto，goup，widespread，state，glance，steady，tendency，keepon，onthewhole，quantityof，beopposedto，comeabout，resultin，evenif.Theyareallveryusefulandimportant.Soarethesentencepatterns“...itisarapidincreasewhencomparedtoothernaturalchanges.”and“Thereisnodoubtthattheearthisbecomingwarmer...”Weoughttopaymoreattentiontothem.
三维目标设计
Knowledgeandskills
1．Togetthestudentstolearntousethefollowingimportantnewwordsandphrasesfreely：tend，range，subscribeto，goup，widespread，state，glance，steady，tendency，keepon，onthewhole，quantityof，oppose，comeabout，resultin，evenif.
2．Togetthestudentstounderstandandusethefollowingimportantandusefulsentencepatterns：
(1)．..itisarapidincreasewhencomparedtoothernaturalchanges.
(2)Thereisnodoubtthattheearthisbecomingwarmer...
Processandmethods
1．Tohelpthestudentstounderstandthemeaningsoftheaboveusefulnewwordsandexpressionsinthecontext，andthengivesomeexplanationsaboutthem，andatlastoffersomeexercisestomakestudentsmastertheirusages.
2．Toaskthestudentstomakeuptheirownsentencesbyimitatingtheabovesentencepatterns.
3．Attheendoftheclass，makestudentsdomoreexercisesforconsolidation.Indoingso，theycanlearn，graspandusetheseimportantlanguagepointswell.
Emotion，attitudeandvalue
1．TostimulatestudentsinterestinlearningEnglish.
2．Todevelopstudentssenseofcooperationandteamwork.
教学重、难点
1．Importantnewwordsandexpressions：quantityof，oppose，comeabout，resultin，evenif.
2．Importantandusefulsentencepatterns：
(1)．..itisarapidincreasewhen_compared_toothernaturalchanges.
(2)There_is_no_doubt_thattheearthisbecomingwarmer...
3．Somedifficultandlongsentencesinthetext.
教学过程
?Step1 Revision
1．Checkthehomeworkexercises.
2．Asksomestudentstotalkaboutglobalwarming.
?Step2 Readingandfinding
GetstudentstoreadthroughWarmingUp，Pre－reading，Reading，ComprehendingandDiscoveringusefulwordsandexpressionsinLearningaboutLanguagetounderlineallthenewwordsandusefulexpressionsorcollocationsintheseparts.Readthemaloudandcopythemdownintheexercisebook.
?Step3 Practiceforusefulwordsandexpressions
1．TurntoPage28.GothroughtheexercisesinDiscoveringusefulwordsandexpressionswithstudentsandmakesuretheyknowwhattodo.
2．Givethemseveralminutestofinishtheexercises.Theyfirstdothemindividually，andthendiscussandcheckthemwiththeirpartners.
3．Checktheanswerswiththewholeclassandexplaintheproblemstheymeetwherenecessary.
?Step4 Vocabularystudy
Ⅰ.简单知识扫描
1．tend(P26)
Itmeansthatmoreheatenergytendstobetrappedintheatmospherecausingtheglobaltemperaturetogoup.
这意味着更多的热量被困在大气层中，从而引起全球温度上升。
(1)Wesometimestendtothinkthattheoceanbottomismadeupofsmoothplains.
我们往往误以为海底由平坦的平原构成。
(2)Peopleunderstresstendtoexpresstheirfullrangeofpotential.
处于压力下的人容易发挥自己全部的潜力。
(3)Doctorsandnursestended(to)theinjured.医生和护士护理受伤的人。
tendvi.vt.意思是“往往会，趋于，倾向；照料，护理”。作“照料，护理”讲时，常与介词to搭配。
(1)救护车上的救护人员在照料受伤的工人。
Ambulancecrews______theinjuredworkers.
(2)男孩往往比女孩个子高。
Boys______tallerthangirls.
Suggestedanswers：(1)weretending(to) (2)tendtobe
2．range(P27)
...itwillencourageagreaterrangeofanimals—allofwhichwillmakelifeforhumanbeingsbetter.
这将促进动物的生长——所有这一切都会使人类的生活变得更好。
(1)Maybethequestionisbeyondtherangeofhumanunderstanding.
或许这个问题超越了人类理解的范围。
(2)Youcanseearangeofmountainsstandingonthetopofthetower.
站在塔顶你可以看到一系列山脉。
(3)Thetemperaturerangesbetweentenandthirtydegrees.
气温在十至三十度之间。
(4)Irangedthebooksontheshelfby/accordingtosize.
我把书依大小顺序排在书架上。
rangen.意思是“范围；射程；山脉；行列”；v.意思是“变化；排列；归类于”，常用于rangefrom...to...结构，意为“从……到……范围内变化”。
有年龄从七岁到十四岁的两百个男孩。
Therearetwohundredboys______________.
Suggestedanswer：rangingfromseventofourteeninage
3．subscribeto(P26)
Allscientistssubscribe_totheviewthattheincreaseintheearthstemperatureisduetotheburningoffossilfuelslikecoal，naturalgasandoiltoproduceenergy.
所有科学家都赞同这样的观点：人们为了生产能量而燃烧化石燃料(如煤、天然气、石油等)，从而引起了地球温度的升高。
(1)Thechildreneachsubscribed5pencetobuyapresentforNickinhospital.
孩子们每人出五便士为住院的尼克买礼品。
(2)Allthepeoplepresentsubscribetotheopinionputforwardbythechairman.
参加会议的人全部同意主席提出的意见。
(3)Ihavesubscribedtothatmagazineforyears.
我订阅那本杂志已好几年了。
subscribeto的意思有“捐款；捐助；同意，赞同；订购(报纸、杂志等)”等。
Thegovernmentcalledonallthecitizensto______arelieffund.
A．subscribetoB．agreetoC．amounttoD．shiftto
Suggestedanswers：A
4．goup(P26)
Itmeansthatmoreheatenergytendstobetrappedintheatmospherecausingtheglobaltemperaturetogo_up.
这意味着更多的热量被困在大气层中，从而引起全球温度上升。
(1)Theelevatorwentuptothefourthfloor.电梯升到了四楼。
(2)Asyougoupamountain，youhavetoovercometheearthsgravitywhichpullsyoudown.
上山时你必须克服把你往下拉的地球引力。
(3)Pricesoffruitandvegetableshavegoneup.
水果和蔬菜的价格上涨了。
动词短语goup的意思有“升；攀登；向上去，沿(街)而去；涨价”等。类似意义的词还有rise，increase等。其反义词是：godown，falldown，decrease。
(1)物价又上涨了。Prices______again.
(2)到处都盖起新的大楼。Newbuildings______everywhere.
Suggestedanswers：(1)havegoneup (2)aregoingup
5．keepon(P27)
Evenifwestartreducingtheamountofcarbondioxideandothergreenhousegases，theclimateisgoingtokeep_onwarmingfordecadesorcenturies.
尽管我们已经开始减少二氧化碳和其他温室气体的排放量，但是在未来的几十年或几个世纪里气候将会持续变暖。
(1)Theairplanekeptonflyingatahighaltitude.这架飞机持续在高空飞行。
(2)Hekeptonsmokingafterthedoctortoldhimtostop.
医生劝告他戒烟，可他仍继续抽。
(3)Heiskeepingonthehouseinhishometown.他把家乡的那所房屋保留着。
(4)Keepstraightonandyoullcometothemarket.一直往前走就到市场。
(5)Ihavefailedseveraltimes，butIstillkeepon.
我已经失败了好几次，但我仍然坚持下去。
keepon意为“继续(做某事)；不顾困难、反对或警告而坚持(做某事)；继续前进，继续工作”等。
EvenifIfailagain，Iwill______workingharduntilIsucceed.
A．giveupB．turnto
C．keeponD．thinkof
Suggestedanswer：C
6．onthewhole(P28)
On_the_wholethewarmingoftheearthisaphenomenonthatcausesgreatconcern.
大体上，地球变暖是一种引起巨大关注的现象。
Theweatherthismonthhasbeengoodonthewhole.
这个月的天气基本上是好的。
Livingintownispleasantbut，onthewhole，Ilikethecountrybetter.
住在城里是愉快的，但是，总的来看，我更喜欢农村。
onthewhole意为“总的看来；大体上；基本上”，相当于ingeneral，mostly，可位于句首、句中或句尾。
翻译句子
总的看来，我认为他那样做是对的。
Suggestedanswer：Onthewhole，Ithinkhewasquiterighttoactashedid.
Ⅱ.重点知识探究
1．oppose(P27)
Ontheotherhand，therearethose，likeGeorgeHambley，whoareopposedtothisview，believethatweshouldnotworryabouthighlevelsofcarbondioxideintheair.
另一方面，像乔治汉布利那些人，他们反对这种观点，认为我们不应该为空气中二氧化碳含量高担心。
Manymembersofthecouncilopposedthebuildingoftheluxuryhousesinthecentreofthecity.
许多市议会议员反对在市中心建造豪华型住宅。
Manyresidentsareopposedtotheplanofbuildingthemotorway.
许多居民反对修建那条高速公路的计划。
opposevt.vi.意为“反对；使对立；使对抗；抗争”，后面可直接跟名词作宾语，也可用于beopposedto(doing)sth.结构。
oppose，object和resist
三者都含有“反对”的意思，但是用法有区别。
oppose为常用词，指“对某人、某事采取积极行动来反对”，着重动作，尤指“反对一种观念、思想、计划等”。如：
Thefatheropposedtohissonsmarriage.父亲反对儿子的婚事。
object常指“用言论或论据等表示反对”，着重“个人嫌厌”和“(由于与个人有关因此)提出反对意见”。如：
Iobjectedtohisplan.我反对他的计划。
resist指“积极地反抗、对抗；用武力阻止……的前进”，如：
Thevillagerswereunitedtoresisttheenemy.
村民们团结起来抵抗敌人。
我们坚决反对在国与国之间实行强权政治。
We______firmly______thepracticeofpowerpoliticsbetweennations.
Suggestedanswers：are；opposedto
2．comeabout(P26)
Sohowhasthiscome_aboutanddoesitmatter？这种情况是怎么发生的，有什么影响？
Withtheuseofelectricity，greatchangeshavecomeabout.
随着电的使用，种种大变化发生了。
Theaccidentcomesaboutinthisway.这事故就是这样发生的。
Manyaquarrelhascomeaboutthroughamisunderstanding.
许多争执都是由于误会产生的。
comeabout意为“发生，造成”，有时用it作主语，后面跟that引导的从句。
comeabout与happen，occur，takeplace的异同。
comeabout与happen，occur，takeplace同义。takeplace常指经过安排的。happen指“偶然发生”，等于occur。happento＋v.意为“偶然/碰巧做出”。
Ithappens/happenedthat－clause...碰巧……
occur/happen＋to(prep.)．..发生在……
occur＋to(prep.)．..想起……
Itoccur(－s/－ed)(tosb.)＋todosth./that－clause想起，想到
同义句转换
Shehappenedtobeoutwhenhecalled.
A：It______thatshe________________________whenhecalled.
B：She______nottobe______whenhecalled.
C：It____________shewasnotathomewhenhecalled.
Suggestedanswers：A：happened；wasnotathome B：happened；home C：cameabout
3．resultin(P26)
Theyalsoagreethatitistheburningofmoreandmorefossilfuelsthathasresulted_inthisincreaseincarbondioxide.
他们还一致认为，正是因为越来越多的化石燃料的燃烧才导致了二氧化碳的增长。
Thesemeasuresresultedinagreatvictory.
由于采取了这些措施，打了一个大胜仗。
Theplotresultedinfailure.阴谋以失败告终。
resultin的意思是“产生，导致”，与cause或leadto同义，其主语是起因；in的宾语是结果。resultfrom的意思是“由……引起，产生”，与liein，asaresultof和becauseof同义，其主语是结果，from的宾语是起因。
同义句转换
(1)Hisfailureresultedfromnotworkinghardenough.
Notworkinghardenough____________hisfailure.
(2)Hissicknesswascausedbyeatingtoomuch.
A．Hissickness____________eatingtoomuch.
B．Hewasill______heatetoomuch.
C．________________________eatingtoomuch，hewasill.
Suggestedanswers：(1)resultedin (2)resultedfrom；because；Asaresultof
4．quantitiesof(P26)
Theproblembeginswhenweaddhugequantities_ofextracarbondioxideintotheatmosphere.
当我们把大量额外的二氧化碳排入大气层的时候，问题就出现了。
(1)Quantitiesoffood(nuts)wereonthetable.桌子上有许多食品(坚果)。
(2)Greatquantitiesofsandwerewasheddownthehillsidebytherain.
雨水把大量的泥沙冲下山坡。
(3)Hecollectedquantities(aquantity)ofoldpictures.
他收集了大量的旧画。
(4)Thereisonlyasmallquantityofwineleft.只剩下很少一点酒了。
quantitiesof＝aquantityof，意为“大量的”，既可以修饰可数名词，也可以修饰不可数名词。quantitiesof无论修饰可数还是不可数名词，后面的谓语动词都用复数。
另外，quantity前面还可以加修饰成分，构成的短语有acertainquantityof(一定数量的)，alarge(great，good)quantityof(大量的)，asmallquantityof(少量的……)，large(great，good)quantitiesof(大量的)，smallquantitiesof(少量的……)。
(1)quantity量，数量。如：
Withoutquantitytherecanbenoquality.没有数量就没有质量。
Thegovernmenthasbeenbuyingsilveringreatquantities.
政府一直在大量购进白银。
(ingreat/smallquantities意为“大/少量”，用作状语。)
(2)表示“大量的”时，可用以下形式：
①修饰可数名词
many，agreat/largenumberof，great/largenumbersof，agood/greatmany(后面没有of)，manya(后接单数名词，其谓语动词也用单数形式)
②修饰不可数名词
much，agreat/largeamountof，great/largeamountsof，agreat/gooddealof
③既可以修饰可数名词，也可以修饰不可数名词
alotof＝lotsof，aquantityof＝quantitiesof，amassof＝massesof，plentyof(前面没有a)
▲这些短语均常被形容词修饰，如：alargenumberof，asmallamountof，agreatquantityof。
▲quantitiesof/amountsof＋不可数名词＋复数动词；alotof/lotsof/plentyof＋不可数名词＋单数动词。
▲inamount/amounts/quantity/quantities/number意为“在数量上，大量地”。
(1)Weaimatqualityratherthan______.
A．numberB．amount
C．figureD．quantity
(2)Withmoreforestsbeingdestroyed，hugequantitiesofgoodearth______eachyear.
A．iswashingawayB．isbeingwashedaway
C．arewashingawayD．arebeingwashedaway
Suggestedanswers：(1)D (2)D
5．evenif(P27)
Even_ifwestartreducingtheamountofcarbondioxideandothergreenhousegases，theclimateisgoingtokeeponwarmingfordecadesorcenturies.
尽管我们已经开始减少二氧化碳和其他温室气体的排放量，但是在未来的几十年或几个世纪里气候将会持续变暖。
Evenifitrainedheavily，westillmarchedon.即使大雨倾盆，我们还是继续前进。
Evenifyouareagoodhigh－jumper，youjumpnomorethanthreemeters.
即使是个优秀的跳高运动员，你也跳不过三米。
Weshallgo，evenifitrains.就是下雨，我们也要去。
evenif有“虽然、即使、尽管”的意思，引导让步状语从句，可以与eventhough互换，语气比although和though强，可以放在主句前面也可以放在主句后面。
though，although引导让步从句的用法：
though，although引导让步从句时，后面的从句不能有but，但是可以用yet。如：
Althoughitsraining，theyarestillworkinginthefield.
虽然在下雨，但他们仍在地里干活。
Heisveryold，buthestillworksveryhard.
虽然很老了，但他仍然努力地工作。
Thoughthesorebehealed，yetascarmayremain.
伤口虽愈合，但伤疤留下了。(谚语)
(1)Wellmakeatrip______theweatherisbad.
A．asforB．evenif
C．becauseofD．aslongas
(2)______sheisyoung，sheknowsquitealot.
A．WhenB．However
C．AlthoughD．Unless
Suggestedanswers：(1)B (2)C
Ⅲ.词汇综合运用
1．用括号中所给的单词或短语翻译下列句子。
(1)即使一个工人持续工作三十余年，他依然买不起房。(evenif)
(2)总起来说，中国的房价太高。而且房价还在持续增长。(onthewhole；tend；keepon)
(3)他们坚决要求把房价控制在一定的范围内。(range)
(4)尽管政府已经采取了一些措施，但是房价依然在上涨，这导致了许多问题。(although；goup；resultin)
(5)许多人想知道这是如何造成的。(comeabout)
(6)他们反对政府采取的一些措施。(oppose)
Suggestedanswers：
(1)Evenifaworkerworkscontinuallyformorethanthirtyyears，hestillcantaffordahouse.
(2)Onthewhole，thepriceofhousesinChinaistoohigh.Andittendstokeeponrising.
(3)Theyinsistthatthepriceofhousesshouldbecontrolledwithinarange.
(4)Althoughthegovernmenthastakensomemeasures，thepriceofhousesisstillgoingup，whichhasresultedinmanyproblems.
(5)Manypeoplewanttoknowhowitcomesabout.
(6)Theyopposesomemeasurementstakenbythegovernment.
2．连句成篇(按照一定的逻辑顺序适当调整句子的顺序，把上面的句子连成一篇小短文，必要时增加适当的连词。)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Suggestedanswers：
Onthewhole，thepriceofhousesinChinaistoohigh.Andittendstokeeponrising.Althoughthegovernmenthastakensomemeasures，thepriceofhousesisstillgoingup，whichhasresultedinmanyproblems.Evenifaworkerworkscontinuallyformorethanthirtyyears，hestillcantaffordahouse.Manypeoplewanttoknowhowitcomesabout.Theyopposesomemeasurementstakenbythegovernmentandinsistthatthepriceofhousesshouldbecontrolledwithinarange.
?Step5 Sentencefocus
1．...butitisarapidincreasewhen_compared_toothernaturalchanges.(P26)
……但是，同自然界的其他变化相比，这种升高是迅速的。
这是一个省略句，补全之后是．..butitisarapidincreasewhenitiscomparedtoothernaturalchanges。
一般说来，省略现象多出现在下列五种状语从句中：
(1)由when，while，as，before，after，till，until，once等引导的时间状语从句；
(2)由whether，if，unless等引导的条件状语从句；
(3)由though，although，evenif，whatever等引导的让步状语从句；
(4)由as，than等引导的比较状语从句；
(5)由as，asif，asthough等引导的方式状语从句。
上述状语从句在省略时，并非任何成分都可以省略，而是遵循以下原则：
(1)当状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致时，可以省略状语从句的主语和系动词be，这时从句中可出现如下结构：
①连词(as，asif，once)＋名词。如：
Once(hewas)aworker，PangLongnowbecomesafamoussinger.
庞龙曾经是个工人，现在成了一位著名的歌手。
②连词(though，whether，when)＋形容词。如：
Workhardwhen(youare)young，oryoullregret.
趁年轻要努力学习，要不然你会后悔的。
③连词(whether，asif，while)＋介词短语。如：
Helookedeverywhereasif(hewas)insearchofsomething.
他到处看似乎在找什么东西。
④连词(when，while，though)＋现在分词。如：
While(hewas)holdingtalkswithPresidentHuJintao，USPresidentGeorgeW．BushthankedChinaforitsimportantroleintheSix－PartyTalks.
在与胡锦涛主席会谈时，美国总统布什感谢中国在六方会谈中起的重要作用。
⑤连词(when，if，evenif，unless，once，until，than，as)＋过去分词。如：
Theexhibitionismoreinterestingthan(itwas)expected.
这次展览比被预料的有趣得多。
⑥连词(asif，asthough)＋不定式。如：
OlympicgoldmedalisthurdlerLiuXiangopenedhislipsasif(hewere)tospeak.
奥林匹克金牌获得者跨栏运动员刘翔张开嘴，好像要说什么。
(2)当从句的主语是it，谓语动词中又含有系动词be时，可以把it和系动词be一起省略。此时构成连词(if，unless，when，whenever)＋形容词的结构。如：
Unless(itis)necessary，youdbetternotrefertothedictionary.
如果没有必要，你最好不要查字典。
2．There_is_no_doubt_thattheearthisbecomingwarmer...(P26)
毫无疑问地球正在变暖……
在Thereisnodoubt后常可跟that引导的同位语从句(在肯定句中，doubt后面有时可跟whether引导的从句)。
Thereisnodoubtthatyouwillsucceedifyoutryyourbest.
毫无疑问如果你尽最大努力你一定会成功。
Thereisnodoubtthathewillcomeontime.他一定会准时来。
类似常用结构：
Thereisnoknowing/telling...没法知道/说……
Thereisnoneed...没有必要……
Thereisnoquestion...……是没有问题的。
Thereisnoreason...没有理由……
Thereisnopossibilitythat...……是没有可能的。
Itisno/smallwonderthat...(Nowonderthat)．..难怪……
Itisawonderthat...……真奇怪/真是令人惊奇。
?Step6 Homework
1．FinishofftheWorkbookexercises.DoExercise1inUsingWordsandExpressionsinyourexercisebook.
2．Learntheusefulnewwordsandexpressionsbyheart.
?Step7 Reflectionafterteaching
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
GlobalwarmingPeriod3 Grammar—theUseof“It”(2)
整体设计
教学内容分析
Thisteachingperiodmainlydealswiththegrammar：theuseof“it”．“It”hasmanyusagesintheEnglishlanguage.“It”canbeusedasapronounandtheformofsubjectandobject，andbeusedtoexpressemphasis.FromUnit3weknowthat“it”canbeusedasapronounandtheformofsubjectandobject.Inthisunitwewilllearnthat“it”canbeusedtoexpressemphasis.Thiskindofsentenceiscalledemphasizedsentences.Itsmainformis“Itis/was...that/who...”，whichisaveryusefulsentencepattern.
三维目标设计
Knowledgeandskills
1．Togetthestudentstoknowthestructureoftheemphasizedsentences.
2．Toletthestudentslearntheusagesoftheemphasizedsentences.
3．Toenablethestudentstousetheemphasizedsentencescorrectlyandproperly.
Processandmethods
1．Toaskthestudentstoreadthereadingpassageagain，pickouttheemphasizedsentencesfromthereadingpassageandtranslatethemintoChinese.
2．Toaskthestudentstodiscoverthestructureandusagesoftheemphasizedsentencesbycomparingalotofexamplesentences.
3．ToaskthestudentstodotheexercisesinDiscoveringusefulstructuresonPage29tomastertheemphasizedsentences.
4．Toaskthestudentstosummarizetheusagesoftheemphasizedsentences.
5．ToaskthestudentstodotheexercisesinUsingStructuresonPage64andsomeotheradditionalexercisesforconsolidation.
Emotion，attitudeandvalue
1．Togetthestudentstobecomeinterestedingrammarlearning.
2．Todevelopthestudentsabilityofcomparingandsummarizing.
教学重、难点
1．Togetthestudentstomasterthestructureandusagesoftheemphasizedsentences.
2．Toenablethestudentstolearnhowtousetheemphasizedsentences.
教学过程
?Step1 Revision
1．Checkthehomeworkexercises.
2．Dictatesomenewwordsandexpressions.
?Step2 Warmingup
Askthestudentstocomparethetwosentencesbelow.Thesecondsentenceisfromthereadingpassage.TranslatethemintoChineseandthendiscussanydifferenceinmeaningandform.Askthestudentstoexplainwhy“it”isusedinthesecondsentence.
Humanactivityhascausedthisglobalwarming.
It_ishumanactivity_thathascausedthisglobalwarming.
Tellthestudentstherearetwomoresentencesinthetextinwhich“it”isusedforemphasis.Findthemandthenwritethemdown.
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Suggestedanswers：
1．It_wasascientistcalledCharlesKeeling，whomadeaccuratemeasurementsoftheamountofcarbondioxideintheatmospherefrom1957to1997.
2．...it_istheburningofmoreandmorefossilfuelsthathasresultedinthisincreaseincarbondioxide.
?Step3 Grammarlearning
Askthestudentstostudythefollowingsentencesandtrytosummarizethestructureoftheemphasizedsentences.
Tomfoundmypenintheclassroomyesterday.ItwasTomwho/thatfoundmypenintheclassroomyesterday.ItwasmypenthatTomfoundintheclassroomyesterday.ItwasintheclassroomthatTomfoundmypenyesterday.ItwasyesterdaythatTomfoundmypenintheclassroom.
?Step4 Summingup
Trytohelpthestudentsdrawthefollowingconclusions.
1．Themainstructureoftheemphasizedsentencesis“Itis/was...that/who...”．
2．Theemphasizedsentencescanbeusedtoemphasizethesubject，objectandadverbial(includingadverbialoftimeandadverbialofplace)．
3．Whenwewanttoemphasizethesubject，objectandadverbial，weonlyneedtoputthesepartsbetween“itis/was”and“that/who”，therestpartshouldntbechanged.
4．Whentheemphasizedpartisapersonwecanuseboththestructure“Itis/was...that...”andthestructure“Itis/was...who...”．Whentheemphasizedpartisnotapersonwecanonlyusethestructure“Itis/was...that...”．
?Step5 Grammarpractice
Askstudentstodothefollowingexercises：
1．Changethefollowingsentencesintoemphasizedsentences.(Toemphasizetheunderlinedparts.)
(1)Peterlentusthemoney.
(2)Theywantmoney.
(3)Allthishappenedon_Monday.
(4)Ididnthearfromheruntil_last_summer.
(5)WhydoeseveryonethinkIamnarrow－minded?
Suggestedanswers：
(1)ItwasPeterwholentusthemoney.
(2)Itismoneythattheywant.
(3)ItwasonMondaythatallthishappened.
(4)ItwasnotuntillastsummerthatIheardfromher.
(5)WhyisitthateveryonethinksIamnarrow－minded?
Thelasttwomaybealittledifficultforthestudents.Helpthemtogetthecorrectanswer.
2．DoExercise2inDiscoveringusefulstructuresonPage29.
3．DotheexercisesinUsingStructuresonPage64.
Firstaskstudentstodotheexercisesindividually，andthenletthemdiscussandchecktheiranswerswiththeirpartners，andfinallygivethemcorrectanswersanddealwithanyproblemstheymightmeet.
?Step6 Gettingmoreaboutthegrammar
Showthefollowingsentencestothestudentsandaskthemtofindwhatthesimilarityofthesesentencesis.
1Itiswhatyoudoratherthanwhatyousaythatmatters.2Itwasafterhegotwhathehaddesiredthatherealizeditwasnotsoimportant.3ItwasnotuntilshegothomethatJenniferrealizedshehadlostherkeys.
Suggestedanswers：
Inthesethreesentences，theunderlinedpartsareallclauses—asubjectclauseandtwoadverbialclauses.Thatistosay，theemphasizedsentencecannotonlybeusedtoemphasizesubject，objectandadverbial，butalsobeusedtoemphasizesubjectclausesandadverbialclauses.Payspecialattentiontothethirdsentence，inwhich“not”and“until”mustbeputtogether.
ThenshowthefollowingtwosentencestostudentsandaskthemtotranslatethemintoChinese.Payattentiontothesentencepattern.
1Wasitin1969thattheAmericanastronautssucceededinlandingonthemoon？2Whowasitthatputsomanylargestonesontheroad？
Suggestedanswers：(1)美国宇航员是于1969年成功登陆月球的吗？
(2)究竟是谁在路上放了这么多大石头？
Thegeneralquestionsentencesandthewh－questionsentencesoftheemphasizedsentencesshouldfollowthefollowingformulas：
Is/Wasit＋被强调部分＋that＋其他部分
Wh－疑问词＋is/wasitthat＋其他部分
?Step7 Task－basedlearning
Askstudentstochooseatopictheylike(eg.globalwarming，wildlife，protection，music，film，etc)．Workingroupsandtrytotelltheinformationtheyknowaboutthetopicusingemphatic“it”．
EXAMPLES：
Itwasduringthe20thcenturythatthetemperatureoftheearthwentupaboutonedegreeFahrenheit.
ItwasCharlesKeelingwhomadeaccuratemeasurementsoftheamountofcarbondioxideintheatmosphere.
?Step8 Closingdownbyaquiz
Showstudentsthefollowingonthescreenorgiveouttestpaperstothemandthenaskthemtofinishtheseexercisesin10minutes.
1．Wasitinthisplace______theyoncebuiltatallbuilding?
A．thatB．inwhich
C．beforeD．which
2．Itis______heoftenbreakstheschoolrules______makeshisheadteacherunsatisfiedwithhim.
A．what；thatB．that；what
C．that；thatD．because；that
3．ItisbecauseEnglishisbeingwidelyusedatpresent______.
A．whywelearnithardB．thatwelearnithard
C．whichwemustlearnD．whenweshouldlearn
4．—Wasitwhathesaidorsomethingthathedid______madeyoucrysosadly，Sarah?
—No，notreally.
A．whichB．that
C．whenD．what
5．______thepeoplehavebecomemastersoftheircountry______sciencecanreallyservethepeople.
A．Itisonlythen；thatB．Itwasthat；when
C．Itisonlywhen；thatD．Itwaswhen；then
6．—Ithinkwehavemetthewordbefore.
—Yes.Itisinthereadingmaterial______we______readingyesterday.
A．that；didB．that；were
C．when；wereD．when；did
7．Itwasthere，thepolicebelieve，______shewasabletoactivatetherecordershekeptinherbag.
A．untilB．which
C．thatD．when
8．Itwasthissenseoffailure______madehimdeterminedtosucceedinhisnewlife.
A．whoB．which
C．thatD．why
9．______thatsomanypeoplethinkthatbeingperfectisthewaytogo?
A．ItiswhyB．Whyisit
C．WhyitisD．Iswhyit
10．Whenaskedtoexplain______hedoestomakehisstudentssoenthusiasticaboutschool，hepausesandthinksdeeply.
A．whatitisthatB．thatwhatitis
C．whatisitthatD．thatwhatisit
11．—WasntitDrWangwhospoketoyoujustnow?
—______.
A．IdidntknowwhowasB．Yes，itwas
C．No，hewasntD．Yes，hedid
12．Itwas______hesaidatthemeetinglastnight______mademeangry.
A．what；thatB．that；that
C．what；whatD．that；what
13．Was______thatIsawlastnightattheconcert?
A．ityouB．notyou
C．youD．thatyourself
14．Itwasthenervousnessintheinterview______probablylosthimthejob.
A．whichB．since
C．thatD．what
15．Itwas______Ireachedthere______Ibegantoknowsomethingaboutthematter.
A．until；whenB．until；that
C．notuntil；thatD．notwhen；that
16．Itwas______myfatherworked______Iworkednow.
A．where；thatB．where；when
C．that；whereD．that；that
17．Whatasillymistakeitis______youvemake!
A．it B．that
C．thisD．which
Suggestedanswers：1～5ACBBC 6～10BCCBA 11～15BAACC 16～17AB
?Step9 Homework
1．FinishofftheWorkbookexercises.
2．PreviewthenewwordsandexpressionsleftinUnit5andthepassageonPage30.Markanyparttheycantunderstandwell.
?Step10 Reflectionafterteaching
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
整体设计
教学内容分析
Thisisthelastteachingperiodofthisunit，sotheemphasisshouldbeplacedongoingoverandsummarizingwhathasbeenlearnedinthisunit.Itincludesthefollowingparts：SummingUp，LearningTip，CheckingYourselfandsomeotherconsolidationexercises.
SummingUpsummarizesthewholeunitfromtheaspectsoftopicsandvocabularyandgrammar.Theteachercanfirstusethisparttoletstudentssumupwhattheyhavelearnedinthisunitandthenletthemfindoutwhattheycantunderstandverywell.
LearningTipgivesstudentsinstructionsonwhichkindofnounsbeginwithacapitalletter.Letthestudentsthinkaboutwhattheyalreadyknowabouttherulesandwhatnewinformationtheywillfind.
CheckingYourselfonPage68intheWorkbookaimsatencouragingstudentstomakeaself－assessmentaftertheyfinishlearningthisunit.Itisveryimportanttoimprovetheirlearning.Ofcourse，atestingassessmentisalsoneeded.
Inthisperiod，theteachercanalsoprovidemorepracticetoconsolidatewhatstudentshavelearnedinthisunit.
三维目标设计
Knowledgeandskills
1．Togetstudentstomasteralltheusefulnewwordsandexpressionsinthisunit.
2．Tohavestudentsunderstandthenewgrammaritem“theuseof‘it’(2)”better，andenablethemtousethesentencepatternscorrectly.
3．Todevelopthestudentsabilitytousetheimportantlanguagepointsinthisunit.
Processandmethods
Designsomeadditionalexercisesforstudentstodoinorderthattheycanlearntouseandgraspallthecontents.
Emotion，attitudeandvalue
1．Toencouragestudentstolearnmoreaboutglobalwarmingandenvironmentalprotection.
2．Toinspirethestudentstothinkupmoreeffectivemeasurestopreventglobalwarming.
教学重、难点
Usingwhattheyhavelearnedinthisunittosolverealproblems.
教学过程
?Step1 Revision
1．Checkthehomeworkexercises.
2．Dictatesomeusefulnewwordsandexpressionsinthisunit.
?Step2 Lead－in
AskthestudentstoturntoPage32.Thinkaboutwhattheyhavelearnedinthisunitandticktheboxestoseehowwelltheyhavelearnedthem.
?Step3 Summingup
Fiveminutesforthestudentstosummarizewhattheyhavelearnedinthisunitbythemselves.Thencheckandexplainsomethingwherenecessary.
Suggestedanswers：
Writedownwhatyouhavelearnedaboutglobalwarming：
(Studentsanswersmayvary.)ThetemperatureoftheearthroseaboutonedegreeFahrenheitduringthe20thcentury.Itishumanactivitythathascausedthisglobalwarming.Allscientistssubscribetotheviewthattheincreaseintheearthstemperatureisduetotheburningoffossilfuels.Somebyproductsofthisprocessarecalledgreenhousegases，whichtrapheatandwarmtheearth.Withoutthegreenhouseeffect，theearthwouldbecoolerthanitis.Butscientistsdontagreewitheachotherontheeffectsofglobalwarming.Somethinkitwillbeadisaster，butsomeothersthinkitsagoodthingandwecandonothingtopreventthetrend.Byreadingthesecondpassage，wealsoknowsomeeasyandeffectivemeasureswecantaketodealwithglobalwarming.
Fromthisunityouhavealsolearned：
Someusefulwords：tend，oppose，state，glance，quantity，range，tendency，circumstance，opposed，steady，widespread，average，consume，subscribe，advocate，refresh，graph，phenomenon，fuel，data，trend，catastrophe，flood，consequence，existence，commitment，pollution，growth，motor，can，microwave，educator，contribution，presentation，disagreement，random，mild，outer，electrical，casual，nuclear，per
Someusefulexpressions：comeabout，subscribeto，quantitiesof，goup，resultin，beopposedto，evenif，keepon，onthewhole，onbehalfof，putupwith，solongas，andsoon，greenhouseeffect
Newgrammaritem：theuseof“it”—howtouse“it”foremphasisinasentence.
Functionalitems：howtoexpressagreementanddisagreement，blameandcomplaint.
?Step4 Practice
Showtheexercisesonthescreenorgiveoutexercisepapers.
Part1 Vocabulary
1．Researchersc______livingconditionsinLondonwiththoseinotherplaces.
2．Theirpricesarelowc______tothoseinothershops.
3．Idontthinkanybodym______toherapartfromherself.
4．Heprefersq______toqualitywhenfoodisconcerned.
5．Thed______wehavecollectedarenotenoughtobeconvincing.
6．Everythingwasinas______ofdisorder.
7．Whatisthea______rainfallforAugustinyourcountry?
8．Eachi______boyintheclasshashisownpersonalities.
9．Wehavebeenhavingafewa______inthecommitteelately.
10．Theywerep______inthehistoryofmusic.
11．Asac______ofbeinginhospital，Shellydecidedthatshewantedtobecomeanurse.
12．Adoctorhasthet______“Dr”infrontofhisname.
13．Thenumberofthechildrenintheschoolhasd______by500thisyear.
14．Thecookerisntworkingbecauseofane______fault.
15．Thefoodwascoldandtheguestsquarreled—thewholedinnerwasac______.
Part2 Usefulphrases
1．在20世纪期间____________
2．导致____________
3．另一方面____________
4．通过燃烧化石燃料____________
5．大量的____________
6．忍受污染____________
7．有关系，有影响____________
8．大体上，基本上____________
9．高达5摄氏度____________
10．发生____________
Part3 Completethefollowingsentencesaccordingtothetexts.
1．Anenergysourceisrenewablewhensuppliesofitnever____________.
2．Itisarapidincrease______________________________.
3．Thereis____________thattheearthisbecomingwarmingbutthereis__________________whetheritis__________________hascausedthisglobalwarmingorwhetheritis________________________.
4．______thegreenhouseeffect，theearth____________aboutthirty－threedegreesCelsius________________________.
5．The____________ofcarbondioxide______thatmoreheatenergyistrappedintheatmosphere______the______________________________.
6．Itwas__________________CharlesKeeling______made__________________theamountofcarbondioxideintheatmospherefrom1957to1997.
7．Theyalsobelieve____________theburningofmoreandmorefossilfuelsthatis____________thisincreaseincarbondioxide.
8．Therearesomeverydifferent______amongscientists__________________.
9．SometimesIfeelthat______canthaveany__________________huge______problems.
10．Finallyandmost______，talk______yourfamilyandfriends______globalwarmingandtellthemwhatyouhavelearned.
11．Remember—your____________.
Part4 Multiplechoice
1．Isit______toyouthatthegovernmentishavingahardtimenow?
A．ofmuchimportantB．ofmuchconsequence
C．ofveryimportanceD．ofmuchconsequent
2．Somethingmustbedoneto______theriverfrom______.
A．stop；beingpollutedB．stop；polluting
C．prevent；pollutionD．keep；polluted
3．There______quantitiesofapplesinthebasketandtherewas______milkinthebucket.
A．were；anumberofB．was；quantitiesof
C．was；agoodmanyD．were；aquantityof
4．______wegetgoodweatheritwillbeasuccessfulholiday.Whichiswrong?
A．SolongasB．Providedthat
C．SolongD．Onconditionthat
5．—Goforapicnicthisweekend，OK?
—______.Ilovegettingclosetonature.
A．IdontthinksoB．Ibelievenot
C．IcouldntagreemoreD．Iamafraidnot
6．—Now，whereismypurse?
—______！Wewillbelateforthepicnic.
A．ComeonB．Dontworry
C．TakeyourtimeD．Takeiteasy
7．Itwasnotuntil1999______regularradiobroadcastbegan.
A．whileB．which
C．thatD．since
8．Canitbeintherestaurant______wehaddinnerlastSunday______youleftyourwallet?
A．where；whereB．where；that
C．that；whereD．that；that
9．—Whatsthematterwithyou?
—______thewindow，myfingerwascutunexpectedly.
A．CleaningB．Toclean
C．WhilecleaningD．WhileIwascleaning
10．Theotherday，mybrotherdrovehiscardownthestreetat______Ithoughtwasadangerousspeed.
A．asB．which
C．thereD．what
Suggestedanswers：
Part1 Vocabulary
1．compared 2.compared 3.matters 4.quantity 5.data 6.state 7.average 8.individual 9.agreements 10.phenomena 11.consequence 12.title 13.decreased 14.electrical 15.catastrophe
Part2 Usefulphrases
1．duringthe19thcentury 2.leadto 3.ontheotherhand 4.throughtheburningoffossilfuels/byburningfossilfuels 5.agreatdealof/scoresof 6.putupwiththepollution
7．makeadifference 8.onthewhole 9.asmuchasfivedegreesCelsius(5℃) 10.comeabout
Part3 Completethefollowingsentencesaccordingtothetexts.
1．runout 2.comparedtomostnaturalchanges 3.nodoubt；fiercedebateover；humanactivitythat；justanaturalphenomenon 4.Without；wouldbe；coolerthanitis 5.increasedamount；means；causing；globaltemperaturetogoup 6.ascientistcalled；who；accuratemeasurementsof 7.itis；resultingin 8.attitudes；towardsthisissue 9.individuals；effectonsuch；environmental 10.importantly；with；about 11.contributioncounts
Part4 Multiplechoice
1～5BADCC 6～10ACBDD
?Step5 Learningtip
AskthestudentstoturntoPage32.Readthroughthepassageandmakesuretheyunderstandit.EncouragethemtodoasthepassagetellsbecauseiftheyaredoingsotheywillbeteachingthemselvesausefulwayofusingEnglishwords.
?Step6 Assessment
1．Checkingyourself(onPage68intheWorkbook)
Firstgetthestudentstothinkaboutthesequestionsindividually.Thentheycandiscussingroupssharingtheirexperience.Theteachercanjoininandgivethemadviceandsuggestionswherenecessary.
2．Testingassessment
Multiplechoice
1．______withthesizeofthewholeearth，thebiggestoceandoesnotseembigatall.
A．CompareB．Whencomparing
C．ComparingD．Whencompared
2．Pleasetellmehowtheaccident______.Iamstillinthedark.
A．camebyB．cameout
C．cametoD．cameabout
3．Theaccident______thedeathoftwopassengers.
A．resultedfromB．resultedin
C．resultedofD．resultedwith
4．ItisinthewestofChina______thereisnodoubt______itisgoingtoraintomorrow.
A．where；whetherB．that；that
C．that；whetherD．where；that
5．Itwas1969______theAmericanastronautssucceededinlandingonthemoon.
A．thatB．when
C．onwhichD．which
6．Itwas______backhomeaftertheexperiment.
A．notuntilmidnightdidhego
B．untilmidnightthathedidntgo
C．notuntilmidnightthathewent
D．untilmidnightwhenhedidntgo
7．Theressomedoubt______hellkeephispromise.
A．whetherB．if
C．thatD．which
8．The______parentswereall______forthechildrenssafety.
A．concerned；concerned
B．concerned；concerning
C．concerning；concerning
D．concerning；concerned
9．Thestudentsages______15to18.
A．rangeB．ranged
C．rangefromD．rangesfrom
10．______，wellgocamping.
A．WeatherpermitsB．Ifweatherwillpermit
C．Weatherpermitting D．Weatherpermitted
11．______，wewouldhavenotfinishedtheworkontime.
A．IfyoudidnthelpusB．Withoutyourhelp
C．WithoutyouD．Withyourhelp
12．—Iwillnotcomeheretomorrow.
—______tome，becauseIdontcare.
A．Itdoesntmakeanydifference
B．Itmakesmuchdifference
C．Itdoesntmakenodifference
D．Itmakesadifference
13．Youcangoout，______youpromisetobebackbefore11oclock.
A．asfarasB．sofaras
C．whenD．as/solongas
14．—Iapologizefornotbeingabletojoinyoufordinner.
—______.Wellgettogetherlater.
A．GoaheadB．Nottoworry
C．ThatsrightD．Dontmentionit
15．Christmasis______specialholidaywhen______wholefamilyaresupposedtogettogether.
A．the；theB．a；a
C．the；aD．a；the
Suggestedanswers：1～5DDBBB 6～10CAACC 11～15BADBD
?Step7 Homework
1．FinishofftheWorkbookexercises.
2．ReviewandsummarizewhatyouhavelearnedinUnit4.
?Step8 Reflectionafterteaching
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
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AhealthylifePeriod6 SummingUp，LearningTipandAssessment
整体设计
教学内容分析
Thisisthelastteachingperiodofthisunit，sotheemphasisshouldbeplacedongoingoverandsummarizingwhathasbeenlearnedinthisunit.Itincludesthefollowingparts：SummingUp，LearningTip，CheckingYourselfandsomeotherconsolidationexercises.
SummingUpsummarizesthewholeunitfromtheaspectsoftopics，vocabularyandgrammar.Theteachercanfirstusethisparttoletstudentssumupwhattheyhavelearnedinthisunitandthenletthemfindoutwhattheycantunderstandverywell.
LearningTipgivesstudentsinstructionsonhowtogetthegeneralideaofthetext.Letthestudentsthinkaboutwhattheyalreadyknowaboutthetopicandwhatnewinformationtheywillfind.
Finally，askstudentstofinishCheckingYourselfonPage61intheWorkbook.Thispartaimsatencouragingstudentstomakeaself－assessmentaftertheyfinishlearningthisunit.Itisveryimportanttoimprovetheirlearning.Ofcourse，atestingassessmentisalsoneeded.
Inthisperiod，theteachershouldalsoprovidemorepracticetoconsolidatewhatstudentshavelearnedinthisunit.
三维目标设计
Knowledgeandskills
1．Togetstudentstomasteralltheusefulnewwordsandexpressionsinthisunit.
2．Tohavestudentsunderstandthenewgrammaritem“theuseof‘it’”better，andenablethemtousethefollowingstructurescorrectly：It＋be＋(difficult/necessary/arule/aduty)＋for/ofsb.＋todosth.；It/This/Thatis＋thefirst/secondtime＋thatsb.has/havedonesth.；Itis/hasbeen＋years/days/weekssincesb.didsth.；Itwillbelong/hours/days/yearsbeforesb.do/doessth.
3．Todevelopthestudentsabilitytousetheimportantlanguagepointsinthisunit.
Processandmethods
Designsomeadditionalexercisesforstudentstodoinorderthattheycanlearntouseandgraspallthecontents.
Emotion，attitudeandvalue
1．ToencouragestudentstolearnmoreabouthealthylifestylesandknowmoreaboutHIV/AIDS.
2．TohelpstudentstakeapositiveattitudetowardspeoplewithHIV/AIDS.
教学重、难点
Usingwhattheyhavelearnedinthisunittosolverealproblems.
教学过程
?Step1 Revision
1．Checkthehomeworkexercises.
2．Dictatesomeusefulnewwordsandexpressionsinthisunit.
?Step2 Lead－in
AskthestudentstoturntoPage24.Thinkaboutwhattheyhavelearnedinthisunitandticktheboxestoseehowwelltheyhavelearnedthem.
?Step3 Summingup
Fiveminutesforthestudentstosummarizewhattheyhavelearnedinthisunitbythemselves.Thencheckandexplainsomethingwherenecessary.
Suggestedanswers：
(Studentsanswersmayvary.)FromthisunitIhavelearnedwhatahealthylifestyleisandhowtogetridofsmoking.IhavealsolearnedsomethingaboutHIV/AIDSandsomeHIV/AIDSprograms.
Fromthisunityouhavealsolearned：
usefulverbs：abusestressstrengthenbanquitaccustom
phrasalverbs：decideon feellike(doing) takerisks getinto
usefulnouns：effect cigarette alcohol adolescent withdrawal lung packet chemist comprehension appendix pill survival sex needle prejudice judgement abortion cigar
usefuladjectivesandadverbs：due automatic mental desperate ashamed disappointed awkward tough addicted pregnant abnormal breathless unfit illegal male female embarrassed
usefulexpressions:dueto inspiteof takerisks getinto atrisk beaccustomedto
newgrammaritem：theuseof“it”
?Step4 Practice
Showtheexercisesonthescreenorgiveoutexercisepapers.
Ⅰ.Wordspelling
1．Hisbehaviorwasbeyondc______.Icouldnotunderstandwhyhedidso.
2．Tomsi______behaviorledtohisbeingarrested，whichmadehisparentsdisappointed.
3．Toourdelight，thereareagreatmanys______fromthefireforthetimelyrescue.
4．Allthe______(女性的)workersinthisfactorygotapresentonMarch8.
5．Myfatherhasq______smoking.
6．Thedooropened______(自动地)asweapproached.
7．Some______(青少年)havegotintothehabitoftakingdrugs.
8．M______healthisasimportantasphysicalhealth.
9．Thereisstillsometimeleftandweshouldntget______(绝望的)．
10．TheEnglishteachers______theimportanceofreadingaloud，whichisnecessaryforimprovingEnglish.
11．Inmyopinion，theInternetdoes______(加强)therelationshipsbetweenmyfriendsandme.
Ⅱ.Fillintheblankswiththeexpressionsgivenbelow.Useeachexpressiononlyonceandmakechangeswherenecessary.
inspiteof dueto getaccustomedto outofbreath decideon throwaway feelliketakearisk getinto becomeaddictedto
1．Thetelevisionstationapologizedforthebadpicture，whichwas______thebadweatherconditions.
2．Thefathersaidthathissonhadbeenagoodstudentbeforehe______computergames.
3．Letsthinkitovertogetherand______aplanforaction.
4．Havinglivedthereforalongtime，theyoungman______theforeignfood.
5．Doyou______goingtoamovie?
6．Youshould______theseoldtablesandbuysomenewones.
7．He______whenhecrossedtheoldbridgebecauseitwasunderrepair.
8．Ifeelthatitisimportantto______thehabitofplanningtoachievegreatwealth.
9．______thesedifficulties，Iknowyouwillwinthecompetition.
10．Irantotheofficeallalongandwas______whenIgotthere.
Ⅲ.TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglishaccordingtotheunderlinedsentencepatterns.
1．Neither_did_I_knowthatmycigarettesmokecouldaffectthehealthofnon－smokers.
Theycouldntdowithoutpractice；______(实践没有理论也不行)．
2．Everytimeyoufeellikesmokingacigarette，remindyourselfthatyouareanon－smoker.
Youmustpresentyourlibraryticket______(你每次借书时)．
3．What_I_did_knowwasthatmygirlfriendthoughtIsmeltterrible.
______(我确实知道)isthatsmokingdoesharmtohealth，butIstillcantgiveitup.
4．It_seems_amazing_thatatmyageImstillfitenoughtocycle20kilometersinanafternoon.
______(这看起来不可能)shewillrefusetheofferofhelp.
Ⅳ.Multiplechoice
1．Onceyouhavebecome______tocigarettesmokingoralcohol，itishardto______iteventhoughyoutryhard.
A．used；getawaywith B．addicted；getridof
C．adapted；getdowntoD．accustomed；getoff
2．Youhavereally______ourtrustandexpectation.Howcomethatyouhavegotyourselfinvolvedinfamilyandchildabuses?
A．letdownB．disappointed
C．abusedD．broken
3．______thethickfoghangingaroundtheairport，hisplanewhichwas______at11：30landedtwohourslate.
A．Thanksto；believedtoarrive
B．Owingto；aboutarriving
C．Becauseof；supposedarriving
D．Dueto；duetoarrive
4．Forthebenefitofnon－smokers，theMayorstressedtheimportanceandurgencyto______inpublicplaces.
A．ridsmoking B．stopsmoking
C．bansmoking D．preventsmoking
5．Sheissoaccustomedto______aroundallthetimethathissuddenwithdrawalfromherworldcausedhergreatpanic.
A．himbeing B．being
C．himtobeD．havehimaround
6．Itisgenerallybelievedthatconstantreadingandcomprehendingcan______ourmentalabilityofcomprehensionwhilephysicalexercisecanhelpbuildupourbody.
A．stressB．effect
C．strengthenD．decide
7．Thoughmanyoftheheavysmokershaverealizedtheseriouseffectthatsmokinghas______theirhealth，theycontinuetosmokeinsteadof______.
A．for；givingitupB．on；leaving
C．to；abandoning D．on；quitting
8．______thefactthattherewasgreatprejudiceagainstwomenenteringmensprofessionthen，shesucceededasamanagerofabigcompany.
A．WhileB．Inspiteof
C．DespiteofD．As
9．______asthepatientslungstructurewas，thedoctorsstilldecidedto______toperformtheoperationonhim.
A．Informal；takeachance
B．Normal；takearisk
C．Abnormal；takerisks
D．Abnormal；takechances
10．Itis______ofyoutomakeyourteacher______infrontofsomanystudentsonpurpose.
A．shameful；embarrassed
B．ashamed；embarrassed
C．ashame；embarrass
D．ashamed；embarrassing
11．Eventhoughheknewhewouldputhisownlife______，hestillfelt______thenewlydiscoveredherbtofindoutwhatitwould______.
A．atarisk；liketotry；feellike
B．atrisks；liketrying；feel
C．atrisk；liketotry；feelas
D．atrisk；liketrying；feellike
12．Whenadesperatemanbecomesdesperate______money，loveorsex，hewillstopatnothingtogetwhathewants，turningtoillegalmeansorevenrisking______hisownlife.
A．for；tolose B．for；losing
C．with；tolose D．at；losing
13．Thedateforthenextroundsix－partytalk______butwhetherprogresswillbemaderemains______.
A．hasagreed；tobeseen
B．hasbeendecidedon；tobeseen
C．hasbeenreached；beingseen
D．hasbeendeterminedon；beingseen
14．Itis______foragirltobecomepregnantbeforemarriageinChinabutinsomedevelopedWesterncountriesitisaquite______andacceptablebehavior.
A．embarrassed；normal
B．disappointing；ordinary
C．awkward；common
D．embarrassing；general
15．Ifoneorbothoftheparents______intothehabitofsmoking，theyarelikelyto______theirchildrenintothehabit，whichgetsthemintoalotofhealthproblems.
A．havegot；get B．hasgot；get
C．havefallen；fall D．hasformed；get
16．Oneshouldnotmakeflatteryan/a______partofonesbehaviorinlife.
A．naturalB．normal
C．automaticD．genuine
Firstgetthestudentstodotheexercises.Thentheanswersaregiven.Theteachercangivethemexplanationswherenecessary.
Suggestedanswers：
Ⅰ.1.comprehension 2.illegal 3.survivals 4.female 5.quitted 6.automatically
7．adolescents 8.Mental 9.desperate 10.stresses 11.strengthen
Ⅱ.1.dueto 2.becameaddictedto 3.decideon 4.hasgotaccustomedto 5.feellike 6.throwaway 7.tookarisk 8.getinto 9.Inspiteof 10.outofbreath
Ⅲ.1.neithercouldpracticewithouttheory 2.everytimeyouborrowbooks 3.WhatIdoknow 4.Itseemsimpossible
Ⅳ.1～16BCDCA CDBCA DBBCA C
?Step5 Learningtip
AskthestudentstoturntoPage24.Readthroughthepassageandmakesuretheyunderstandit.Encouragethemtodoasthepassagetellsbecauseiftheyaredoingsotheywillbeteachingthemselvesausefulwayoflearning.
?Step6 Assessment
1．Checkingyourself(onPage61intheWorkbook)
Firstgetthestudentstothinkaboutthesequestionsindividually.Thentheycandiscussingroupssharingtheirexperience.Theteachercanjoininandgivethemadviceandsuggestionswherenecessary.
2．Testingassessment
Ⅰ.Completethefollowingsentencesaccordingtothetexts.
1．Ithinkmylongandactivelife______(要归功于)thehealthylifeIlive.
2．Yourmothertellsmethatyoustartedsmokingsometimeagoandnowyouarefinding______(戒掉它很困难)．
3．Yousee，duringadolescenceIalsosmokedand______(吸烟上瘾)．
4．Thismeansthatafterawhileyourbody______(习惯了)havingnicotineinit.
5．Asyouknow，ifyoudothesamethingoverandoveragain，youbegintodoit______(自动地)．
6．WhenIwasyoung，Ididntknowmuchaboutthe______(吸烟的危害性)．
7．Ifyou______(感到没办法)，youmightliketotalktoadoctororchemistaboutsomethingtohelpyou.
8．Everytimeyoufeellikesmoking，______(提醒你自己)thatyouareanon－smoker.
9．______(尽管)allhiseffortshefailedintheexamatlast.
10．IfyoudevelopAIDS，your______(生存的几率)areverysmall.
Ⅱ.Multiplechoice
1．Ihate______whenthelightturnsgreen，peopledontmoveuntilitisabouttoturnredagain.
A．itB．that
C．theseD．them
2．Iwasdisappointedatthisnovel.Ihadexpected______tobemuchbetter.
A．thatB．it
C．oneD．this
3．Johnspeaksinalowvoice；______isdifficulttoknowwhatheissaying.
A．itB．that
C．soD．which
4．Mywatchismissing.Icantfind______anywhere.
A．oneB．ones
C．it D．that
5．______MarywasfreeonMondaymorning.
A．Thathappened B．Itishappenedthat
C．IthappenedtoD．Ithappenedthat
6．______iskind______youtohavetakengoodcareofmybaby.
A．This；to B．It；for
C．It；ofD．That；of
7．Tomsmotherkepttellinghimthatheshouldworkharder，but______didnthelp.
A．itB．he
C．sheD．which
8．Idontthink______possibletomasteraforeignlanguagewithouthardwork.
A．thisB．that
C．itsD．it
9．Jessicaheardaterriblenoise，______broughtherheartintohermouth.
A．itB．which
C．thisD．that
10．Is______necessarytocompletethedesignbeforetheweekend?
A．thisB．that
C．it D．he
11．______willbegoodtodosomeexerciseeverymorning.
A．ItB．There
C．ThoseD．You
12．Wethink______ourdutytopaytaxestothegovernment.
A．thatB．this
C．itsD．it
13．______fouryearssinceIjoinedthearmy.
A．Itwas B．Thereis
C．ItisD．Therewas
14．______appearstome______thereportmustbetrue.
A．That；it B．It；that
C．It；itD．That；that
15．TheclimateofShanghaiisbetterthan______ofParis.
A．thatB．it
C．whichD．what
Suggestedanswers：
Ⅰ.1.mustbedueto 2.itdifficulttogiveitup 3.becameaddictedtocigarettes 4.becomesaccustomedto 5.automatically 6.harmfuleffectsofsmoking 7.feeldesperate 8.remindyourself 9.Inspiteof 10.chancesofsurvival
Ⅱ.1～5ABACD 6～10CADBC 11～15ADCBA
?Step7 Homework
1．FinishofftheWorkbookexercises.
2．ReviewandsummarizewhatyouhavelearnedinUnit3.
?Step8 Reflectionafterteaching
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
GlobalwarmingPeriod2 LanguageStudy
GlobalwarmingPeriod2 LanguageStudy
整体设计
教学内容分析
Theemphasisofthisperiodwillbeplacedontheimportantnewwords，phrasesandsentencepatternsinWarmingUp，Pre－reading，Reading，ComprehendingandDiscoveringusefulwordsandexpressionsinLearningaboutLanguage.Therearealtogether53newwordsandphrasesinthesefiveparts.20ofthemaremarkedwithtriangles，whichshowsthatthestudentsneedntlearnthembyheart.Itisenoughtorecognizethemwhenmeetingthemwhilereadingthepassage.Theother33shouldallberemembered，amongwhichthefollowingwordsandexpressionsareevenmoreimportant：tend，range，subscribeto，goup，widespread，state，glance，steady，tendency，keepon，onthewhole，quantityof，beopposedto，comeabout，resultin，evenif.Theyareallveryusefulandimportant.Soarethesentencepatterns“...itisarapidincreasewhencomparedtoothernaturalchanges.”and“Thereisnodoubtthattheearthisbecomingwarmer...”Weoughttopaymoreattentiontothem.
三维目标设计
Knowledgeandskills
1．Togetthestudentstolearntousethefollowingimportantnewwordsandphrasesfreely：tend，range，subscribeto，goup，widespread，state，glance，steady，tendency，keepon，onthewhole，quantityof，oppose，comeabout，resultin，evenif.
2．Togetthestudentstounderstandandusethefollowingimportantandusefulsentencepatterns：
(1)．..itisarapidincreasewhencomparedtoothernaturalchanges.
(2)Thereisnodoubtthattheearthisbecomingwarmer...
Processandmethods
1．Tohelpthestudentstounderstandthemeaningsoftheaboveusefulnewwordsandexpressionsinthecontext，andthengivesomeexplanationsaboutthem，andatlastoffersomeexercisestomakestudentsmastertheirusages.
2．Toaskthestudentstomakeuptheirownsentencesbyimitatingtheabovesentencepatterns.
3．Attheendoftheclass，makestudentsdomoreexercisesforconsolidation.Indoingso，theycanlearn，graspandusetheseimportantlanguagepointswell.
Emotion，attitudeandvalue
1．TostimulatestudentsinterestinlearningEnglish.
2．Todevelopstudentssenseofcooperationandteamwork.
教学重、难点
1．Importantnewwordsandexpressions：quantityof，oppose，comeabout，resultin，evenif.
2．Importantandusefulsentencepatterns：
(1)．..itisarapidincreasewhen_compared_toothernaturalchanges.
(2)There_is_no_doubt_thattheearthisbecomingwarmer...
3．Somedifficultandlongsentencesinthetext.
教学过程
?Step1 Revision
1．Checkthehomeworkexercises.
2．Asksomestudentstotalkaboutglobalwarming.
?Step2 Readingandfinding
GetstudentstoreadthroughWarmingUp，Pre－reading，Reading，ComprehendingandDiscoveringusefulwordsandexpressionsinLearningaboutLanguagetounderlineallthenewwordsandusefulexpressionsorcollocationsintheseparts.Readthemaloudandcopythemdownintheexercisebook.
?Step3 Practiceforusefulwordsandexpressions
1．TurntoPage28.GothroughtheexercisesinDiscoveringusefulwordsandexpressionswithstudentsandmakesuretheyknowwhattodo.
2．Givethemseveralminutestofinishtheexercises.Theyfirstdothemindividually，andthendiscussandcheckthemwiththeirpartners.
3．Checktheanswerswiththewholeclassandexplaintheproblemstheymeetwherenecessary.
?Step4 Vocabularystudy
Ⅰ.简单知识扫描
1．tend(P26)
Itmeansthatmoreheatenergytendstobetrappedintheatmospherecausingtheglobaltemperaturetogoup.
这意味着更多的热量被困在大气层中，从而引起全球温度上升。
(1)Wesometimestendtothinkthattheoceanbottomismadeupofsmoothplains.
我们往往误以为海底由平坦的平原构成。
(2)Peopleunderstresstendtoexpresstheirfullrangeofpotential.
处于压力下的人容易发挥自己全部的潜力。
(3)Doctorsandnursestended(to)theinjured.医生和护士护理受伤的人。
tendvi.vt.意思是“往往会，趋于，倾向；照料，护理”。作“照料，护理”讲时，常与介词to搭配。
(1)救护车上的救护人员在照料受伤的工人。
Ambulancecrews______theinjuredworkers.
(2)男孩往往比女孩个子高。
Boys______tallerthangirls.
Suggestedanswers：(1)weretending(to) (2)tendtobe
2．range(P27)
...itwillencourageagreaterrangeofanimals—allofwhichwillmakelifeforhumanbeingsbetter.
这将促进动物的生长——所有这一切都会使人类的生活变得更好。
(1)Maybethequestionisbeyondtherangeofhumanunderstanding.
或许这个问题超越了人类理解的范围。
(2)Youcanseearangeofmountainsstandingonthetopofthetower.
站在塔顶你可以看到一系列山脉。
(3)Thetemperaturerangesbetweentenandthirtydegrees.
气温在十至三十度之间。
(4)Irangedthebooksontheshelfby/accordingtosize.
我把书依大小顺序排在书架上。
rangen.意思是“范围；射程；山脉；行列”；v.意思是“变化；排列；归类于”，常用于rangefrom...to...结构，意为“从……到……范围内变化”。
有年龄从七岁到十四岁的两百个男孩。
Therearetwohundredboys______________.
Suggestedanswer：rangingfromseventofourteeninage
3．subscribeto(P26)
Allscientistssubscribe_totheviewthattheincreaseintheearthstemperatureisduetotheburningoffossilfuelslikecoal，naturalgasandoiltoproduceenergy.
所有科学家都赞同这样的观点：人们为了生产能量而燃烧化石燃料(如煤、天然气、石油等)，从而引起了地球温度的升高。
(1)Thechildreneachsubscribed5pencetobuyapresentforNickinhospital.
孩子们每人出五便士为住院的尼克买礼品。
(2)Allthepeoplepresentsubscribetotheopinionputforwardbythechairman.
参加会议的人全部同意主席提出的意见。
(3)Ihavesubscribedtothatmagazineforyears.
我订阅那本杂志已好几年了。
subscribeto的意思有“捐款；捐助；同意，赞同；订购(报纸、杂志等)”等。
Thegovernmentcalledonallthecitizensto______arelieffund.
A．subscribetoB．agreetoC．amounttoD．shiftto
Suggestedanswers：A
4．goup(P26)
Itmeansthatmoreheatenergytendstobetrappedintheatmospherecausingtheglobaltemperaturetogo_up.
这意味着更多的热量被困在大气层中，从而引起全球温度上升。
(1)Theelevatorwentuptothefourthfloor.电梯升到了四楼。
(2)Asyougoupamountain，youhavetoovercometheearthsgravitywhichpullsyoudown.
上山时你必须克服把你往下拉的地球引力。
(3)Pricesoffruitandvegetableshavegoneup.
水果和蔬菜的价格上涨了。
动词短语goup的意思有“升；攀登；向上去，沿(街)而去；涨价”等。类似意义的词还有rise，increase等。其反义词是：godown，falldown，decrease。
(1)物价又上涨了。Prices______again.
(2)到处都盖起新的大楼。Newbuildings______everywhere.
Suggestedanswers：(1)havegoneup (2)aregoingup
5．keepon(P27)
Evenifwestartreducingtheamountofcarbondioxideandothergreenhousegases，theclimateisgoingtokeep_onwarmingfordecadesorcenturies.
尽管我们已经开始减少二氧化碳和其他温室气体的排放量，但是在未来的几十年或几个世纪里气候将会持续变暖。
(1)Theairplanekeptonflyingatahighaltitude.这架飞机持续在高空飞行。
(2)Hekeptonsmokingafterthedoctortoldhimtostop.
医生劝告他戒烟，可他仍继续抽。
(3)Heiskeepingonthehouseinhishometown.他把家乡的那所房屋保留着。
(4)Keepstraightonandyoullcometothemarket.一直往前走就到市场。
(5)Ihavefailedseveraltimes，butIstillkeepon.
我已经失败了好几次，但我仍然坚持下去。
keepon意为“继续(做某事)；不顾困难、反对或警告而坚持(做某事)；继续前进，继续工作”等。
EvenifIfailagain，Iwill______workingharduntilIsucceed.
A．giveupB．turnto
C．keeponD．thinkof
Suggestedanswer：C
6．onthewhole(P28)
On_the_wholethewarmingoftheearthisaphenomenonthatcausesgreatconcern.
大体上，地球变暖是一种引起巨大关注的现象。
Theweatherthismonthhasbeengoodonthewhole.
这个月的天气基本上是好的。
Livingintownispleasantbut，onthewhole，Ilikethecountrybetter.
住在城里是愉快的，但是，总的来看，我更喜欢农村。
onthewhole意为“总的看来；大体上；基本上”，相当于ingeneral，mostly，可位于句首、句中或句尾。
翻译句子
总的看来，我认为他那样做是对的。
Suggestedanswer：Onthewhole，Ithinkhewasquiterighttoactashedid.
Ⅱ.重点知识探究
1．oppose(P27)
Ontheotherhand，therearethose，likeGeorgeHambley，whoareopposedtothisview，believethatweshouldnotworryabouthighlevelsofcarbondioxideintheair.
另一方面，像乔治汉布利那些人，他们反对这种观点，认为我们不应该为空气中二氧化碳含量高担心。
Manymembersofthecouncilopposedthebuildingoftheluxuryhousesinthecentreofthecity.
许多市议会议员反对在市中心建造豪华型住宅。
Manyresidentsareopposedtotheplanofbuildingthemotorway.
许多居民反对修建那条高速公路的计划。
opposevt.vi.意为“反对；使对立；使对抗；抗争”，后面可直接跟名词作宾语，也可用于beopposedto(doing)sth.结构。
oppose，object和resist
三者都含有“反对”的意思，但是用法有区别。
oppose为常用词，指“对某人、某事采取积极行动来反对”，着重动作，尤指“反对一种观念、思想、计划等”。如：
Thefatheropposedtohissonsmarriage.父亲反对儿子的婚事。
object常指“用言论或论据等表示反对”，着重“个人嫌厌”和“(由于与个人有关因此)提出反对意见”。如：
Iobjectedtohisplan.我反对他的计划。
resist指“积极地反抗、对抗；用武力阻止……的前进”，如：
Thevillagerswereunitedtoresisttheenemy.
村民们团结起来抵抗敌人。
我们坚决反对在国与国之间实行强权政治。
We______firmly______thepracticeofpowerpoliticsbetweennations.
Suggestedanswers：are；opposedto
2．comeabout(P26)
Sohowhasthiscome_aboutanddoesitmatter？这种情况是怎么发生的，有什么影响？
Withtheuseofelectricity，greatchangeshavecomeabout.
随着电的使用，种种大变化发生了。
Theaccidentcomesaboutinthisway.这事故就是这样发生的。
Manyaquarrelhascomeaboutthroughamisunderstanding.
许多争执都是由于误会产生的。
comeabout意为“发生，造成”，有时用it作主语，后面跟that引导的从句。
comeabout与happen，occur，takeplace的异同。
comeabout与happen，occur，takeplace同义。takeplace常指经过安排的。happen指“偶然发生”，等于occur。happento＋v.意为“偶然/碰巧做出”。
Ithappens/happenedthat－clause...碰巧……
occur/happen＋to(prep.)．..发生在……
occur＋to(prep.)．..想起……
Itoccur(－s/－ed)(tosb.)＋todosth./that－clause想起，想到
同义句转换
Shehappenedtobeoutwhenhecalled.
A：It______thatshe________________________whenhecalled.
B：She______nottobe______whenhecalled.
C：It____________shewasnotathomewhenhecalled.
Suggestedanswers：A：happened；wasnotathome B：happened；home C：cameabout
3．resultin(P26)
Theyalsoagreethatitistheburningofmoreandmorefossilfuelsthathasresulted_inthisincreaseincarbondioxide.
他们还一致认为，正是因为越来越多的化石燃料的燃烧才导致了二氧化碳的增长。
Thesemeasuresresultedinagreatvictory.
由于采取了这些措施，打了一个大胜仗。
Theplotresultedinfailure.阴谋以失败告终。
resultin的意思是“产生，导致”，与cause或leadto同义，其主语是起因；in的宾语是结果。resultfrom的意思是“由……引起，产生”，与liein，asaresultof和becauseof同义，其主语是结果，from的宾语是起因。
同义句转换
(1)Hisfailureresultedfromnotworkinghardenough.
Notworkinghardenough____________hisfailure.
(2)Hissicknesswascausedbyeatingtoomuch.
A．Hissickness____________eatingtoomuch.
B．Hewasill______heatetoomuch.
C．________________________eatingtoomuch，hewasill.
Suggestedanswers：(1)resultedin (2)resultedfrom；because；Asaresultof
4．quantitiesof(P26)
Theproblembeginswhenweaddhugequantities_ofextracarbondioxideintotheatmosphere.
当我们把大量额外的二氧化碳排入大气层的时候，问题就出现了。
(1)Quantitiesoffood(nuts)wereonthetable.桌子上有许多食品(坚果)。
(2)Greatquantitiesofsandwerewasheddownthehillsidebytherain.
雨水把大量的泥沙冲下山坡。
(3)Hecollectedquantities(aquantity)ofoldpictures.
他收集了大量的旧画。
(4)Thereisonlyasmallquantityofwineleft.只剩下很少一点酒了。
quantitiesof＝aquantityof，意为“大量的”，既可以修饰可数名词，也可以修饰不可数名词。quantitiesof无论修饰可数还是不可数名词，后面的谓语动词都用复数。
另外，quantity前面还可以加修饰成分，构成的短语有acertainquantityof(一定数量的)，alarge(great，good)quantityof(大量的)，asmallquantityof(少量的……)，large(great，good)quantitiesof(大量的)，smallquantitiesof(少量的……)。
(1)quantity量，数量。如：
Withoutquantitytherecanbenoquality.没有数量就没有质量。
Thegovernmenthasbeenbuyingsilveringreatquantities.
政府一直在大量购进白银。
(ingreat/smallquantities意为“大/少量”，用作状语。)
(2)表示“大量的”时，可用以下形式：
①修饰可数名词
many，agreat/largenumberof，great/largenumbersof，agood/greatmany(后面没有of)，manya(后接单数名词，其谓语动词也用单数形式)
②修饰不可数名词
much，agreat/largeamountof，great/largeamountsof，agreat/gooddealof
③既可以修饰可数名词，也可以修饰不可数名词
alotof＝lotsof，aquantityof＝quantitiesof，amassof＝massesof，plentyof(前面没有a)
▲这些短语均常被形容词修饰，如：alargenumberof，asmallamountof，agreatquantityof。
▲quantitiesof/amountsof＋不可数名词＋复数动词；alotof/lotsof/plentyof＋不可数名词＋单数动词。
▲inamount/amounts/quantity/quantities/number意为“在数量上，大量地”。
(1)Weaimatqualityratherthan______.
A．numberB．amount
C．figureD．quantity
(2)Withmoreforestsbeingdestroyed，hugequantitiesofgoodearth______eachyear.
A．iswashingawayB．isbeingwashedaway
C．arewashingawayD．arebeingwashedaway
Suggestedanswers：(1)D (2)D
5．evenif(P27)
Even_ifwestartreducingtheamountofcarbondioxideandothergreenhousegases，theclimateisgoingtokeeponwarmingfordecadesorcenturies.
尽管我们已经开始减少二氧化碳和其他温室气体的排放量，但是在未来的几十年或几个世纪里气候将会持续变暖。
Evenifitrainedheavily，westillmarchedon.即使大雨倾盆，我们还是继续前进。
Evenifyouareagoodhigh－jumper，youjumpnomorethanthreemeters.
即使是个优秀的跳高运动员，你也跳不过三米。
Weshallgo，evenifitrains.就是下雨，我们也要去。
evenif有“虽然、即使、尽管”的意思，引导让步状语从句，可以与eventhough互换，语气比although和though强，可以放在主句前面也可以放在主句后面。
though，although引导让步从句的用法：
though，although引导让步从句时，后面的从句不能有but，但是可以用yet。如：
Althoughitsraining，theyarestillworkinginthefield.
虽然在下雨，但他们仍在地里干活。
Heisveryold，buthestillworksveryhard.
虽然很老了，但他仍然努力地工作。
Thoughthesorebehealed，yetascarmayremain.
伤口虽愈合，但伤疤留下了。(谚语)
(1)Wellmakeatrip______theweatherisbad.
A．asforB．evenif
C．becauseofD．aslongas
(2)______sheisyoung，sheknowsquitealot.
A．WhenB．However
C．AlthoughD．Unless
Suggestedanswers：(1)B (2)C
Ⅲ.词汇综合运用
1．用括号中所给的单词或短语翻译下列句子。
(1)即使一个工人持续工作三十余年，他依然买不起房。(evenif)
(2)总起来说，中国的房价太高。而且房价还在持续增长。(onthewhole；tend；keepon)
(3)他们坚决要求把房价控制在一定的范围内。(range)
(4)尽管政府已经采取了一些措施，但是房价依然在上涨，这导致了许多问题。(although；goup；resultin)
(5)许多人想知道这是如何造成的。(comeabout)
(6)他们反对政府采取的一些措施。(oppose)
Suggestedanswers：
(1)Evenifaworkerworkscontinuallyformorethanthirtyyears，hestillcantaffordahouse.
(2)Onthewhole，thepriceofhousesinChinaistoohigh.Andittendstokeeponrising.
(3)Theyinsistthatthepriceofhousesshouldbecontrolledwithinarange.
(4)Althoughthegovernmenthastakensomemeasures，thepriceofhousesisstillgoingup，whichhasresultedinmanyproblems.
(5)Manypeoplewanttoknowhowitcomesabout.
(6)Theyopposesomemeasurementstakenbythegovernment.
2．连句成篇(按照一定的逻辑顺序适当调整句子的顺序，把上面的句子连成一篇小短文，必要时增加适当的连词。)
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Suggestedanswers：
Onthewhole，thepriceofhousesinChinaistoohigh.Andittendstokeeponrising.Althoughthegovernmenthastakensomemeasures，thepriceofhousesisstillgoingup，whichhasresultedinmanyproblems.Evenifaworkerworkscontinuallyformorethanthirtyyears，hestillcantaffordahouse.Manypeoplewanttoknowhowitcomesabout.Theyopposesomemeasurementstakenbythegovernmentandinsistthatthepriceofhousesshouldbecontrolledwithinarange.
?Step5 Sentencefocus
1．...butitisarapidincreasewhen_compared_toothernaturalchanges.(P26)
……但是，同自然界的其他变化相比，这种升高是迅速的。
这是一个省略句，补全之后是．..butitisarapidincreasewhenitiscomparedtoothernaturalchanges。
一般说来，省略现象多出现在下列五种状语从句中：
(1)由when，while，as，before，after，till，until，once等引导的时间状语从句；
(2)由whether，if，unless等引导的条件状语从句；
(3)由though，although，evenif，whatever等引导的让步状语从句；
(4)由as，than等引导的比较状语从句；
(5)由as，asif，asthough等引导的方式状语从句。
上述状语从句在省略时，并非任何成分都可以省略，而是遵循以下原则：
(1)当状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致时，可以省略状语从句的主语和系动词be，这时从句中可出现如下结构：
①连词(as，asif，once)＋名词。如：
Once(hewas)aworker，PangLongnowbecomesafamoussinger.
庞龙曾经是个工人，现在成了一位著名的歌手。
②连词(though，whether，when)＋形容词。如：
Workhardwhen(youare)young，oryoullregret.
趁年轻要努力学习，要不然你会后悔的。
③连词(whether，asif，while)＋介词短语。如：
Helookedeverywhereasif(hewas)insearchofsomething.
他到处看似乎在找什么东西。
④连词(when，while，though)＋现在分词。如：
While(hewas)holdingtalkswithPresidentHuJintao，USPresidentGeorgeW．BushthankedChinaforitsimportantroleintheSix－PartyTalks.
在与胡锦涛主席会谈时，美国总统布什感谢中国在六方会谈中起的重要作用。
⑤连词(when，if，evenif，unless，once，until，than，as)＋过去分词。如：
Theexhibitionismoreinterestingthan(itwas)expected.
这次展览比被预料的有趣得多。
⑥连词(asif，asthough)＋不定式。如：
OlympicgoldmedalisthurdlerLiuXiangopenedhislipsasif(hewere)tospeak.
奥林匹克金牌获得者跨栏运动员刘翔张开嘴，好像要说什么。
(2)当从句的主语是it，谓语动词中又含有系动词be时，可以把it和系动词be一起省略。此时构成连词(if，unless，when，whenever)＋形容词的结构。如：
Unless(itis)necessary，youdbetternotrefertothedictionary.
如果没有必要，你最好不要查字典。
2．There_is_no_doubt_thattheearthisbecomingwarmer...(P26)
毫无疑问地球正在变暖……
在Thereisnodoubt后常可跟that引导的同位语从句(在肯定句中，doubt后面有时可跟whether引导的从句)。
Thereisnodoubtthatyouwillsucceedifyoutryyourbest.
毫无疑问如果你尽最大努力你一定会成功。
Thereisnodoubtthathewillcomeontime.他一定会准时来。
类似常用结构：
Thereisnoknowing/telling...没法知道/说……
Thereisnoneed...没有必要……
Thereisnoquestion...……是没有问题的。
Thereisnoreason...没有理由……
Thereisnopossibilitythat...……是没有可能的。
Itisno/smallwonderthat...(Nowonderthat)．..难怪……
Itisawonderthat...……真奇怪/真是令人惊奇。
?Step6 Homework
1．FinishofftheWorkbookexercises.DoExercise1inUsingWordsandExpressionsinyourexercisebook.
2．Learntheusefulnewwordsandexpressionsbyheart.
?Step7 Reflectionafterteaching
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GlobalwarmingPeriod3 Grammar—theUseof“It”(2)
GlobalwarmingPeriod3 Grammar—theUseof“It”(2)
整体设计
教学内容分析
Thisteachingperiodmainlydealswiththegrammar：theuseof“it”．“It”hasmanyusagesintheEnglishlanguage.“It”canbeusedasapronounandtheformofsubjectandobject，andbeusedtoexpressemphasis.FromUnit3weknowthat“it”canbeusedasapronounandtheformofsubjectandobject.Inthisunitwewilllearnthat“it”canbeusedtoexpressemphasis.Thiskindofsentenceiscalledemphasizedsentences.Itsmainformis“Itis/was...that/who...”，whichisaveryusefulsentencepattern.
三维目标设计
Knowledgeandskills
1．Togetthestudentstoknowthestructureoftheemphasizedsentences.
2．Toletthestudentslearntheusagesoftheemphasizedsentences.
3．Toenablethestudentstousetheemphasizedsentencescorrectlyandproperly.
Processandmethods
1．Toaskthestudentstoreadthereadingpassageagain，pickouttheemphasizedsentencesfromthereadingpassageandtranslatethemintoChinese.
2．Toaskthestudentstodiscoverthestructureandusagesoftheemphasizedsentencesbycomparingalotofexamplesentences.
3．ToaskthestudentstodotheexercisesinDiscoveringusefulstructuresonPage29tomastertheemphasizedsentences.
4．Toaskthestudentstosummarizetheusagesoftheemphasizedsentences.
5．ToaskthestudentstodotheexercisesinUsingStructuresonPage64andsomeotheradditionalexercisesforconsolidation.
Emotion，attitudeandvalue
1．Togetthestudentstobecomeinterestedingrammarlearning.
2．Todevelopthestudentsabilityofcomparingandsummarizing.
教学重、难点
1．Togetthestudentstomasterthestructureandusagesoftheemphasizedsentences.
2．Toenablethestudentstolearnhowtousetheemphasizedsentences.
教学过程
?Step1 Revision
1．Checkthehomeworkexercises.
2．Dictatesomenewwordsandexpressions.
?Step2 Warmingup
Askthestudentstocomparethetwosentencesbelow.Thesecondsentenceisfromthereadingpassage.TranslatethemintoChineseandthendiscussanydifferenceinmeaningandform.Askthestudentstoexplainwhy“it”isusedinthesecondsentence.
Humanactivityhascausedthisglobalwarming.
It_ishumanactivity_thathascausedthisglobalwarming.
Tellthestudentstherearetwomoresentencesinthetextinwhich“it”isusedforemphasis.Findthemandthenwritethemdown.
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Suggestedanswers：
1．It_wasascientistcalledCharlesKeeling，whomadeaccuratemeasurementsoftheamountofcarbondioxideintheatmospherefrom1957to1997.
2．...it_istheburningofmoreandmorefossilfuelsthathasresultedinthisincreaseincarbondioxide.
?Step3 Grammarlearning
Askthestudentstostudythefollowingsentencesandtrytosummarizethestructureoftheemphasizedsentences.
Tomfoundmypenintheclassroomyesterday.ItwasTomwho/thatfoundmypenintheclassroomyesterday.ItwasmypenthatTomfoundintheclassroomyesterday.ItwasintheclassroomthatTomfoundmypenyesterday.ItwasyesterdaythatTomfoundmypenintheclassroom.
?Step4 Summingup
Trytohelpthestudentsdrawthefollowingconclusions.
1．Themainstructureoftheemphasizedsentencesis“Itis/was...that/who...”．
2．Theemphasizedsentencescanbeusedtoemphasizethesubject，objectandadverbial(includingadverbialoftimeandadverbialofplace)．
3．Whenwewanttoemphasizethesubject，objectandadverbial，weonlyneedtoputthesepartsbetween“itis/was”and“that/who”，therestpartshouldntbechanged.
4．Whentheemphasizedpartisapersonwecanuseboththestructure“Itis/was...that...”andthestructure“Itis/was...who...”．Whentheemphasizedpartisnotapersonwecanonlyusethestructure“Itis/was...that...”．
?Step5 Grammarpractice
Askstudentstodothefollowingexercises：
1．Changethefollowingsentencesintoemphasizedsentences.(Toemphasizetheunderlinedparts.)
(1)Peterlentusthemoney.
(2)Theywantmoney.
(3)Allthishappenedon_Monday.
(4)Ididnthearfromheruntil_last_summer.
(5)WhydoeseveryonethinkIamnarrow－minded?
Suggestedanswers：
(1)ItwasPeterwholentusthemoney.
(2)Itismoneythattheywant.
(3)ItwasonMondaythatallthishappened.
(4)ItwasnotuntillastsummerthatIheardfromher.
(5)WhyisitthateveryonethinksIamnarrow－minded?
Thelasttwomaybealittledifficultforthestudents.Helpthemtogetthecorrectanswer.
2．DoExercise2inDiscoveringusefulstructuresonPage29.
3．DotheexercisesinUsingStructuresonPage64.
Firstaskstudentstodotheexercisesindividually，andthenletthemdiscussandchecktheiranswerswiththeirpartners，andfinallygivethemcorrectanswersanddealwithanyproblemstheymightmeet.
?Step6 Gettingmoreaboutthegrammar
Showthefollowingsentencestothestudentsandaskthemtofindwhatthesimilarityofthesesentencesis.
1Itiswhatyoudoratherthanwhatyousaythatmatters.2Itwasafterhegotwhathehaddesiredthatherealizeditwasnotsoimportant.3ItwasnotuntilshegothomethatJenniferrealizedshehadlostherkeys.
Suggestedanswers：
Inthesethreesentences，theunderlinedpartsareallclauses—asubjectclauseandtwoadverbialclauses.Thatistosay，theemphasizedsentencecannotonlybeusedtoemphasizesubject，objectandadverbial，butalsobeusedtoemphasizesubjectclausesandadverbialclauses.Payspecialattentiontothethirdsentence，inwhich“not”and“until”mustbeputtogether.
ThenshowthefollowingtwosentencestostudentsandaskthemtotranslatethemintoChinese.Payattentiontothesentencepattern.
1Wasitin1969thattheAmericanastronautssucceededinlandingonthemoon？2Whowasitthatputsomanylargestonesontheroad？
Suggestedanswers：(1)美国宇航员是于1969年成功登陆月球的吗？
(2)究竟是谁在路上放了这么多大石头？
Thegeneralquestionsentencesandthewh－questionsentencesoftheemphasizedsentencesshouldfollowthefollowingformulas：
Is/Wasit＋被强调部分＋that＋其他部分
Wh－疑问词＋is/wasitthat＋其他部分
?Step7 Task－basedlearning
Askstudentstochooseatopictheylike(eg.globalwarming，wildlife，protection，music，film，etc)．Workingroupsandtrytotelltheinformationtheyknowaboutthetopicusingemphatic“it”．
EXAMPLES：
Itwasduringthe20thcenturythatthetemperatureoftheearthwentupaboutonedegreeFahrenheit.
ItwasCharlesKeelingwhomadeaccuratemeasurementsoftheamountofcarbondioxideintheatmosphere.
?Step8 Closingdownbyaquiz
Showstudentsthefollowingonthescreenorgiveouttestpaperstothemandthenaskthemtofinishtheseexercisesin10minutes.
1．Wasitinthisplace______theyoncebuiltatallbuilding?
A．thatB．inwhich
C．beforeD．which
2．Itis______heoftenbreakstheschoolrules______makeshisheadteacherunsatisfiedwithhim.
A．what；thatB．that；what
C．that；thatD．because；that
3．ItisbecauseEnglishisbeingwidelyusedatpresent______.
A．whywelearnithardB．thatwelearnithard
C．whichwemustlearnD．whenweshouldlearn
4．—Wasitwhathesaidorsomethingthathedid______madeyoucrysosadly，Sarah?
—No，notreally.
A．whichB．that
C．whenD．what
5．______thepeoplehavebecomemastersoftheircountry______sciencecanreallyservethepeople.
A．Itisonlythen；thatB．Itwasthat；when
C．Itisonlywhen；thatD．Itwaswhen；then
6．—Ithinkwehavemetthewordbefore.
—Yes.Itisinthereadingmaterial______we______readingyesterday.
A．that；didB．that；were
C．when；wereD．when；did
7．Itwasthere，thepolicebelieve，______shewasabletoactivatetherecordershekeptinherbag.
A．untilB．which
C．thatD．when
8．Itwasthissenseoffailure______madehimdeterminedtosucceedinhisnewlife.
A．whoB．which
C．thatD．why
9．______thatsomanypeoplethinkthatbeingperfectisthewaytogo?
A．ItiswhyB．Whyisit
C．WhyitisD．Iswhyit
10．Whenaskedtoexplain______hedoestomakehisstudentssoenthusiasticaboutschool，hepausesandthinksdeeply.
A．whatitisthatB．thatwhatitis
C．whatisitthatD．thatwhatisit
11．—WasntitDrWangwhospoketoyoujustnow?
—______.
A．IdidntknowwhowasB．Yes，itwas
C．No，hewasntD．Yes，hedid
12．Itwas______hesaidatthemeetinglastnight______mademeangry.
A．what；thatB．that；that
C．what；whatD．that；what
13．Was______thatIsawlastnightattheconcert?
A．ityouB．notyou
C．youD．thatyourself
14．Itwasthenervousnessintheinterview______probablylosthimthejob.
A．whichB．since
C．thatD．what
15．Itwas______Ireachedthere______Ibegantoknowsomethingaboutthematter.
A．until；whenB．until；that
C．notuntil；thatD．notwhen；that
16．Itwas______myfatherworked______Iworkednow.
A．where；thatB．where；when
C．that；whereD．that；that
17．Whatasillymistakeitis______youvemake!
A．it B．that
C．thisD．which
Suggestedanswers：1～5ACBBC 6～10BCCBA 11～15BAACC 16～17AB
?Step9 Homework
1．FinishofftheWorkbookexercises.
2．PreviewthenewwordsandexpressionsleftinUnit5andthepassageonPage30.Markanyparttheycantunderstandwell.
?Step10 Reflectionafterteaching
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劝学6
关键在于，它把深奥的道理寓于大量浅显贴切的比喻之中，运用比喻时手法又极其灵活自然，生动鲜明而绝无枯燥的学究气。从不同的角度和侧面来阐述“学不可以已”的道理，堪称雄辩奇才，口若悬河，滔滔不绝，文中所用的喻体几乎都是常见的、易懂的，这些仿佛信手拈来的通俗明了的比喻，都会使人自然而然地联想到某些直观、浅近的形象事物，进而连类比物，启迪思考，接受作者所说的深刻道理。所有这些，也是很值得我们借鉴和学习的。
教案点评：
《劝学》是《荀子》第一篇，“劝”是“劝勉”的意思。《劝学》论述了学习的意义、作用、方法和态度，反映了先秦儒家在教育方面的某些正确观点，也体现了作为先秦诸子思想集大成者的荀子文章的艺术风格。学习本课首先要了解《荀子》及相关知识。再掌握并积累重要的文言文实词和虚词。掌握本文出现的通假字、词类活用和特殊文言句式。最后学习本文比喻论证、对比论证的方法，提高学生围绕中心论点合理论证的能力。
教案示例二
第一课时?
教学内容：
让学生熟读课文，掌握重要的文言文实词和虚词，翻译全文，理解文意。?
步骤与方法：?
1.看“预习提示”，自读课文，读准字音，初步了解课文。
2.教师出示应掌握的实词和虚词，让学生默读课文，对照注释弄明白。若有解决不了的问题，提出来集体解答。
3.同桌轮流口译课文。翻译不准确的，对方应指出来加以纠正或共同讨论；二人都解决不了的问题，提出来集体解决。
4.教师提问几个重、难点的语句，了解学生的学习情况。
5.布置作业：背诵课文。
第二课时
教学内容：
学习本文比喻论证、对比论证的方法，提高学生围绕中心论点合理论证的能力。
教学过程：
一、分析第一自然段
师：同学们，荀况特别强调教育和后天学习的重要性，《劝学》就阐明了学习的重要性和学习方法，请问本文的中心论点是什么?
生：“学不可以已。”
(板书：学不可以已)
师：请同学们齐背第一自然段。?
（生集体背诵）
师：请问本段论述了什么内容?
生：论述了学习的意义。
师：运用什么方法论述的?
生：比喻。
师：很好。本文作者运用了5个比喻，从不同角度论述了学习的意义。作者以青出于蓝、冰寒于水两个比喻，说明了什么道理?
(板书：青出于蓝，冰寒于水)
生：说明事物经过一定的过程会发生变化。
师：发生什么样的变化?
生：在原有的基础上进一步提高、发展。
师：对。作者又以“直木为轮”为喻，说明什么道理呢?
(板书：直木为轮)
生：说明事物可以后天改造。
师：对。谁能说得更全面、更具体些?
生：比喻说明人的资质可以通过学习来改变，而且一旦提高和发展了，就不会回复到原来的状态，即人若不断地学习下去，会发生质的变化。
师：很好。“金就砺”“木受绳”两个比喻引出什么结论?
(板书：金就砺、木受绳)
生：“君子博学而日参省乎己，则知明而行无过矣。”
(板书：知明而行无过)
师：此句与本段哪句相照应?
生：“学不可以已。”
师：对。荀子提出人性本恶的思想，认为只有用教育来陶冶，用礼法来约束，才能把这种生而具有的“恶”转变为“善”。这里作者运用5个比喻阐述学习的重要性。学习是人发展的过程，如果不停止地学习，人的知识、才能、品德会不断地增进、提高，达到“知明而行无过”的境界。
二、分析第二自然段
先请一名学生背诵第二自然段。?
师：很好。同学们思考一下本段写了几层内容?
生：分三层。第1句为第一层，第2、3句为第二层，第4句为第三层。
师：对。第一层阐明什么内容?
生：正面阐明学习的重要性。
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