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高二英语选修七Unit2Robots导学案

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高二英语选修七Unit2Robots导学单
导学单(一)单词学习
一.Languagepoints(语言点):
1.____________n.渴望,欲望。vt.想要,希望得到
你认为Tony有自己的需求和欲望吗?_____________________________________________
拓展:desiresth.渴望得到某物desiretodosth.希望/渴望做某事
desiresbtodosth=desirethatsb.(should)do要求…
我们都希望幸福健康。____________________________________________________________
他希望在珠宝店见到她。__________________________________________________________
他要求你马上去见他。___________________________________________________________
=_________________________________________________________
辨析:desire属正式用语,可代替wish和want,强调“主观愿望的热切性”,wish语气比desire弱,一般用于“难以实现或不可能实现的愿望”.hope表示实现的可能性较大的希望.expect侧重“期待,预期,指望”want多用于口语式普通场合。

2.___________n.满意→________v.满足,使满意→__________adj.满意的,
________adj.令人满意的[词组]_____________________对…满意

3.______________(词组)考验;试验→____________________(被动)
在我买这台电脑之前,我想要测试一下它。__________________________________________
它将由拉里的妻子克莱尔试验。___________________________________________________
拓展:testonsb./sth.在……(身上)做实验/试验have/takeatestin参加……考试
putout__________,breakout__________,carryout___________,figureout___________

4._______________n.同情,支持,赞同
克莱尔觉得,机器人向她表示同情,这有点荒谬可笑。
_______________________________________________________________________________
拓展:outofsympathy出于同情,feel/havesympathyfor/withsb.同情/赞同某人/某事,
她同情这些孩子。_______________________________________________________________
出于同情,他给了这些孩子一点钱。_______________________________________________
许多人赞同你的看法(views)。____________________________________________________

5.______________vt.陪伴
拓展:accompanysb.toaplace陪伴某人去某地,accompanysb.indoingsth陪某人做某事
accompanysb.at/on为某人伴奏
上周,他陪他老父亲去医院。_______________________________________________________
Tony不被允许陪Claire去商店。___________________________________________________
明年我陪你去看海。_____________________________________________________________
你唱歌,我弹琴给你伴奏。______________________________________________________

6.____________(词组)打电话给=callup.ringback=callback回电话
他一来我就给你打电话。______________________________________________________
如果你需要什么帮助给我打电话。______________________________________________
7.______________(词组)转向,转身=turnround
当老师一转过身去,同学们开始窃窃私语。__________________________________________
她一转过身去,就看到GladysClaffern站在那儿。___________________________________
拓展:turn______打开,turn_____关掉,turn____出现/调大(音量),
turn_______拒绝,调小(音量),turn_____结果是;证明是

8.____________vt.宣布,宣称,声明,表明。→_________________n
Tony说他不想离开她。____________________________________________________
拓展:declaresth.宣布…,declarethat+句子,declarewaron/upon对…宣战,
declareagainst/for…声明反对/赞成
朝鲜(NorthKorea)将对美国宣战。_________________________________________________
美国政府声明反对这项计划。_____________________________________________________

9.___________vt.n.嫉妒,羡慕→__________________(被动)被某人羡慕/嫉妒
拓展:envysb.(for)sth.妒忌/羡慕某人某物outofenvy出于嫉妒/羡慕
她一直嫉妒我的成功。_____________________________________________________________
Claire喜欢被其他女人羡慕。_______________________________________________________

10._______________(词组)不管,不打扰,让…一个人待着。
拓展:leaveout省去,遗漏,不考虑,leaveaside(把某事)搁置一边,
leavebehind留下,遗留leavefor出发前往

11.________________(词组)将……放在一边;节省或保留(时间,金钱)
我父亲放下报纸打开电视。________________________________________________________
你可以腾出点时间学习英语吗?___________________________________________________
我爸妈努力工作省下钱给我上大学。________________________________________________
拓展:set_____写下,记下.set___创立,建立,搭起.set_____出发,着手做某事(todosth.)

12._________________(词组)一定做…,负有…义务/责任。
吸烟肯定会影响你的健康。_______________________________________________________
我们错过了那趟车,我们肯定要迟到了。_____________________________________________
作为学生,我们有义务遵守学校校规。________________________________________________
二.课堂测试。复习单词,完成以下练习:I.Completethefollowing:
1)satisfactionn._____________v.___________________________adj.令人满足的______________adj.感到满意的
2)declarev._____________n.
3)elegance_____________adj.
4)alarm__________adj.
5)重点词组______________考验/____________打电话给/________________转向/_________________不打扰/_______________将```放在一边/_______________一定做…
II.根据句子结构,用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空
1)Wehada______mealtogetherlastSunday.Alltheguestsarevery______.(satisfaction)
2)Iwassleepingsoundlyintheearlymorningwhenatelephone_______meawake.Iwaseven______tohearthe______newsthatanotherbombinghadhitLondon.(alarm)
3)Thenewly-electedpresident_______hissupportfortheterrorists.Hemustberesponsibleforhis______.(declare)
III.把下列短语填入每个句子的空白处(注意所填短语的形式变化):testoutringupturnaroundleave…alonesetaside
1.Squirrelsareconsideredtobegoodanimals,fortheycan_________nutsandfoodsinthetreesforwinteruse.
2.Youmay_______Mr.ChoweitheronSaturdayorSunday.Heisavailableattheweekend.
3.I_________andsuddenlyfoundmyChineseteacherstandingbehindme.
4.Ihopeyoujust________him_______.Heneedstimetohavearest.
5.Therobotisgoingtobe__________toseeifitcanreallydothehousework.
导学单(二)ReadingComprehension教学目标:帮助学生更多地了解机器人及有关的科幻小说、小说家阿西莫夫及其文学作品。
ReadingComprehensionI
Thetextmainlytellsus_____.
A.whyClairefellinlovewithahumanbeing
B.whyarobotfellinlovewithahumanbeing
C.astoryaboutahouseholdrobotbeingtestedoutinafamily
D.thatarobotcansaveahumanbeingfromdanger
ReadingComprehensionII
1.Howmanycharactersarementioned?

2.Whoarethey?

3.Whatistherelationbetweenthem?

Charactersinthestory:
LarryBelmont:employedinacompany________________
Claire:___________wife,ahousewife
Tony:____________tobetestedoutbyClaireinherhouse
GladysClaffern:themostpowerfulwomenaround,awomanthatClaireenvies
ReadingComprehensionIII
Claire’sfeelingstowardsTonychangedasthestorydeveloped.FillintheoccasionswhenClairehadthesefeelings.
OccasionClaire
Beforehearrived_____________________________

Whenhearrived_____________________________

Whenheofferedtohelpherdress______________________________

Whenheofferedtohelpherimprove
herhouseandherself_____________________________

Whenhehelpedherwiththesalesman_________________________

Whenshefelloffaladderandwas
caughtbyTony___________________________

WhensheheardGladyswhispering
toanotherwomanthat___________________________

shehadneverseenanyonesohandsomeasTony________________

SherememberedTonywasjustamachine__________________________
ReadingComprehensionIVTrueorFalse
1.Larrywasgoingtobeawayfromhomesohehiredarobottoaccompanyhiswife.
2.Clairedidn’tliketheideaatthebeginning,butsheagreedtoitatlast.
3.TonycouldunderstandClairewhenshesaidshewasnotclever.
4.WhenTonyofferedtohelpdressing,Clairewaspleasedtoacceptit.
5.ItwasClairethatfirstdecidedtoinviteGladysandherfriendstoherhouse.
6.Claire’sguestswerefilledwithadmirationwhentheysawherhousewascompletelychanged.
7.ThecompanywassatisfiedwithTony’sreportbecausehehadsuccessfullymadeawomanfallinlovewithhim.
ReadingComprehensionV
Readthestoryagainandanswerthefollowingquestionsingroups.
1.WhydidTonyopenthecurtains?

2.WhatdidTonydotopreventClairefrombeingharmed?

3.WhydidTonyhavetoberebuilt?

4.HowwouldyoufeelifyouhadarobotlikeTonyinyourhouse?

5.ClairespentthreeweekswithTonyinherhouse.Whatsentencesinthestorshowthatshekeptforgettingandthenrememberingthathewasamachine?
ReadingComprehensionVI
Ingroups,listTony’scharacteristicsthatweresimilartoandthosethatweredifferentfromthoseofahumanbeing.
CharacteristicsSimilarDifferent

Physical

Mental

导学单(三)LanguagePonitsOfReading
教学目标:掌握本课的重点词汇和短语。
一.语言基础知识
1.testout试验;考验
Scientiststestouttheoriesbyexperiment.科学家靠实验检验理论。
testvt.测验;检验;试验;检查
Theteachertestedthechildrenontheirhomework.老师就孩子们的家庭作业进行检查。
2.alarmn.
(1)awarningofdanger警报afirealarm
IraisedthealarmassoonasIsawwhatwashappening.
(2)fearcausedbytheexpectationofdanger恐慌
Ihopeyouwon’ttakealarmatthenews.
alarmv.
(1)givingawarning警告
Thenoticeboardalarmspeoplenottoswimintheriver.
(2)feelfearedorcauseanxiety恐慌
ThenewsthatH5N1hasspreadalarmedthenation.
alarmedadj.惊恐的,忧虑的alarmingadj.惊人的,吓人的
Thenewsisreallyalarming.
3.accompanyv.
(1)togo/staywith
I’dlikeyoutoaccompanymetothesupermarket.
Whataccompanieshimisalwaysadog.
(2)toexistatthesametime和……一起发生
Lightningusuallyaccompaniesthunder.
4.declarevt.
(1)宣布;宣告;声明+(that)tomakeknownformallyorofficially
ThenewCongressdeclaredastateofwarwithGermany.新的国会向德国宣战了。
(2)宣称;断言+(that)
Theaccusedmandeclaredhimselfinnocent.被告声称他是无罪的。
IdeclaredatthemeetingthatIdidnotsupporthim.我在会上声明我不支持他。
(3)申报(纳税品等)
Ihavenothingtodeclare.我没什么要申报的。
辨析:declare与announce
declare宣告,宣布awayofexpressingoneself
Iwouldliketodeclaremyloveforyou.
announce宣布totellalotofpeople
IfIhaveabirthdayparty,Iwanttoannounceittomyfriends.
5.leave/let…alone/be不管/不打扰/不理会
I’vetoldyoutoleavemythingsalone.
Pleasedontleavemealoneinthedarkroom.
Letmebe,Iwantarest.
leave+宾语+补足语使……处于……状态
Leavethedooropen.
6.Assheturnedaround,therestoodGladysClaffern.当她转过身时,看到格拉迪斯克拉芬站在那儿。
①句中as意为“当……时”,为从属连词,引导时间状语从句。通常强调“同一时间”或“一先一后”,如:
AsIwasgoingout,itbegantorain.
②主句“therestoodGladysClaffern”是由副词there引导的倒装句。

①as有时还有“随着……”的意思,如:
Asspringwarmsthegoodearth,allflowersbegintobloom.
②由副词there和here引导的倒装句通常不用于人称代词即不说“Herecomeshe!”
而须说“Herehecomes!”但在对比情况下,人称代词则与连系动词be构成倒装句,如:
Therewashe,ontheplayground,whileIhadtostudy.
2.TheguestswouldbearrivingsoonandClairetoldTonytogointoanotherroom.
客人很快就要来了,克莱尔叫托尼去另一个间房。
句中用到过去将来进行时,由“would+be+动词的现在分词”构成,表示在过去看来将来某一时间正在发生的动作。它常和表示过去将来的时间状语连用,但上下文清楚时,时间状语可省略。和将来进行时一样,它也常表计划中的事,不表意愿或打算。它还有一个特点,即常用在宾语从句(尤其是间接引语)中。
例如:
a.Mr.SmithneverrealizedthatsomedayhewouldbelivinginChina.
b.MarytoldusthatJackwouldbecomingnextSaturday.

过去将来进行时有时也可用于其他从句
中,如:IwouldpaytherestasIwouldbeleavingBeijing.(用在状语从句中。)
也可用在独立句中。
如:Thecarstarted.EllenGreenwouldbedrivingofftothecollege.
二.课堂检测
I.Completethefollowingsentenceswithproperwords.
1.Theman’sparents_________(声称)thattheydidn’twanttoseehimagain.
2.Thegovernmentisa________bythedramaticincreaseinviolentcrime.
3.Hesentherpresentsinanattempttowinherf_______.
4.Tombegantosweepthepiecesofglassupintoa______(堆).
5.Shes________hisface,lookingforsignsofwhathewasthinking.
6.Ireally______(羡慕)youandyourwife—youseemsohappytogether.
7.—Ourvacationwastotallyruined.—Yes,definitely!Notonlywasthefoodterrible,butalsotheweatherwas _______(糟透的).
8.Inmyopinion,yourideaisso________(荒谬的)thatIcan’thelplaughing.
9.Thewomanhasane________manner,butsheisextremelydifficulttoworkwith.
10.Someladiesthinktheyareo_________,sotheytryeverymeanstoloseweight
II.Completethefollowingsentenceswithoutchangingtheirmeanings.
1.Personallyspeaking,I’mfortheproposal.
Personallyspeaking,I’m_____________theproposal.
2.WouldyoulikemetogotothePeople’sParkwithyouthisweekend?
Wouldyoulikeme_________________tothePeople’sParkthisweekend?
3.Yourfatherisbusyathisdesk,soyou’dbetternotbotherhim.
Yourfatherisbusyathisdesk,soyou’dbetter________________.
III.Translation.
1.Itwasgoing_______________(由……来测试)byLarry’swife,Claire.
2.Clairethoughtitwasridiculous____________________(表示同情)byarobot.
3.Howawful_______________(被发现)byher,Clairethought.
4.ButeventhoughTonyhadbeensoclever,hewould_________________(作一番改建).
5.Sheweakened_________________________(随着病情的加重).(as)
6.Shesaid_________________________(她将早点出发)inordertoavoidtheheavytraffic.
7.Lastevening___________________________(一位老朋友打电话给我)whomIhadnotheardofforyears.
8._______________(我一转身)andsawJanewassittingdirectlybehindme.

Grammar导学单(四)

教学目标:复习被动语态。各种时态下被动语态的结构和用法。能辨别被动语态与系表结构。
Lookatthefollowingsentences,payingattentiontotheunderlinedpart.
1.Knivesareusedforcuttingthings.
2.Theforeignguestsweregivenawarmwelcomebythechildren.
3.Nuclearenergyhasbeenusedtoproduceelectricitybyus.
4.Severalbigmodernpowerplantswillbebuiltinourcitynextyear.
5.Yourmistakesshouldbecorrectedrightnow.
6.MybikeisbeingrepairedbyTomnow
DiscoveringusefulstructuresGooverthepassivevoice
be+V+-ed/-en/-t
Myhamburgerwaseatenbythedog.
Anewhospitalwillbebuiltinourcity.
使用被动语态的情况
1.我们不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁的时候(这时不带by引起的短语)。
PrintingwasintroducedtoEuropefromChina.(省略了by短语。)
Look!Thereisnothinghere.Everythinghasbeentakenaway.(省略了by短语。)
2.当我们出于礼貌、措辞委婉等方面考虑不愿说出动作的执行者是谁时。
Youarerequestedtogiveaperformance.
Youarecordially(诚挚地)invitedtoapartytobegivenattheTeachersClubat3p.m.Nov.23.
3.当我们强调或兴趣在动作的承受时(这时可带by引起的短语)。
Thesongwascomposed(组成;写作)byastudent.
Agoodtimewashadbyall.
被动语态的构成
被动语态由be+过去分词构成,be随时态的变化而变化。以give为例,各种时态的被动语态形式为:
一般现在时:am/is/are+given
ThefirstsectionofNewCollegeEnglishisdesignedforspeakingpracticeandisbasedonpicturesandtopics.
一般过去时:was/were+given
Thesecomputersweremadeinourowncountry.
一般将来时:will/shallbe+given
Shallwebeaskedtoattendtheopeningceremony?
过去将来时:wouldbe+given
Thenewswouldbesenttothesoldiersmotherassoonasitarrived.
现在进行时:am/is/arebeing+given 
Treesarebeingplantedovertherebythem.
过去进行时:was/werebeing+given
Thefeastwasbeingpreparedwhenthebirdsarrivedinthesky.
现在完成时:have/hasbeen+given
Swiftprogresshasalsobeenmadeincultureandeducation.
过去完成时:hadbeen+given
ThehugebridgehadbeendamagedbeforetheWorldWarII.
将来完成时:will/shallhavebeen+given
Thebookwillhavebeenpublishedbytheendofnextmonth.
含有情态动词的动词变成被动语态:情态动词+be+过去分词
Thisproblemcanbesolved.
What’sdonecannotbeundone.
GeorgemightbesenttoAmericabyhiscompanyinAugust.
类似结构(begoingto,haveto等)变成被动语态:
Thisroomisgoingtobepaintednextweek.
Goaway!Iwanttobeleftalone.
一些特殊的被动语态
1.有些动词可以有两个宾语,在用于被动结构时,可以把主动结构中的一个宾语变为主语,另一宾语仍然保留在谓语后面。通常变为主语的是间接宾语(指人的宾语)。
Theydidn’tofferAnnthejob.
Annwasn’tofferedthejob.
2.在使役动词have,make,get以及感官动词see,watch,notice,hear,feel,observe等后面不定式作宾语补语时,在主动结构中不定式to要省略,但变为被动结构时,要加to。
Theymakehercleanthefloor.Sheismadetocleanthefloorbythem.
3.It+be+过去分词+that从句(=主语+be+过去分词+todosth.)
表示:据说/据报道/据悉/据信等……
Itissaidthattheboyhaspassedthenationalexam.
Theboyissaidtohavepassedthenationalexam.
4.动词get代替be。(get往往用在口语中。)
Therewasafightatthepub,butfortunatelynobodygot(=was)hurt.
get+done同be+done的区别:
getdone往往表示行为不是计划之中,而是意外发生的。如:
Thedoggotrunoverbyacar.
不可以变成被动语态
1.某些感官动词加形容词及少数其他的动词可以表示被动意义。
cook,smell,taste,wash,write,shut,prove,sell,read,write
.Thedishtastesdelicious.
Thetheoryprovedrightatlast.
.Thebookissointerestingthatitsellswell.
“sells”此处为不及物动词“销售起来;有销路”的意思;作及物动词为“卖;出售”
Thiskindofclothwasheswell.(耐洗)
2.need+V-ing表示“主语承受动词发出的动作”,表示被动意义。
我的车需要修理。Mycarneedsrepairing(=toberepaired).
3.某些表示状态或者特征的及物动词没有被动语态形式。这类动词常见的有:
beg,equal,fail,hold,possess,fit,become,contain,cost,have,lack,resemble(相似),suit等。
ThisnewEnglish-Chinesedictionarycostmetendollars.
4.通常只有及物动词(组)才有被动语态,不及物动词没有。
如:战争爆发了。
可以说:Thewarbrokeout.但不能说:Thewarwasbrokeout.
被动结构与系表结构的区别
“be+过去分词”这个结构并不都是被动语态,也可能是系表结构。被动语态与系表结构主要区别是:被动结构表示一个动作,而系表结构表示主语的特点或所处的状态,试比较下面的句子:
被动结构Theenemywassoonsurroundedbyus.
系表结构Thehouseissurroundedbytrees.
被动结构Shewasbittenbythedoginthedarkness.
系表结构Iwasexcitedbythenewsthatmyhusbandgotpromoted.

课堂检测
1.OldMcDonaldgaveupsmokingforawhile,butsoon_____tohisoldways.
A.returnedB.returnsC.wasreturningD.hadreturned
2.Insomepartsoftheworld,tea_____withmilkandsugar.
A.isservingB.isservedC.servesD.served
3.Thenewdictionariesareveryuseful.They____welland______already.
A.sell,havebeensoldoutB.sold,hadsoldout
C.sell,selloutD.aresold,havebeensoldout
4.Thetrain____arriveat11:30,butitwasanhourlate.
A.wasabouttoB.waslikelytoC.wassupposedtoD.wascertainto
5.Thisdictionarymustn’t____fromthelibrary.
A.takeawayB.takenawayC.aretakenawayD.betakenaway
6.Myshoes_____.Iwentoutforanewpair.
A.iswornoutB.woreoutC.werewornoffD.werewornout
7.Thatkindofshirts_______cotton.
A.ismadefromB.aremadefromC.ismadeofD.aremadeof
8.Rice______inSouthChina.
A.growingB.isgrownC.aregrownD.isgrow
9.Allthepreparationsforthetask______,andwe’rereadytostart.
A.completedB.CompleteC.hadbeencompletedD.havebeencompleted
10.Theteachertoldhisstudentsthatthey____tobeusefulmentothecountry.
A.wereallexpectedB.wereallexpectingC.allwereexpectedD.allexpected
11.Someofthehotelsinmyhometown_______. 
A.havenowbeenrebuildingB.arenowrebuilding
C.arenowbeingrebuiltD.arerebuiltnow
用被动语态改换下列各句。
1.Myfatherwillrepairmybikeforme.
Mybike_______________bymyfatherforme.
2.Ihavefoundmywallet.
Mywallet________________________.
3.Shetoldmetowaithereforher.
I__________________towaithereforher.
4.Thepolicewillsurelyarrestthemurderer.
Themurderer____________________bythepolice.
5.TheyinvitedMr.Greentomakeaspeech.
Mr.Green____________________tomakeaspeech.
6.Thestudentscleantheirclassroomeveryday.
Theirclassroom_________________bythestudentseveryday.

UsingLanguage导学单(五)
Reading:
一.Fastreading:
1.What’sthemainideaofthetext?
(IntroductionafamousAmericansciencefictionwriterIssacAsimov’slifeandworks.)
2HowmanyyearsdidIssacAsimovworkinstore?(d)
A5B9C11D13
3.WhowasIssacAsimov?(c)
A.AnAmericanscientistandwriterwhogothisPhDinphysicsin1948.
B.AnRussianscientistandwriterwhomarriedtwice.
C.AnRussian-Americanscientistandwriterwhobecameafulltimewriterin1958.
D.AnAmerican-Russianscientistandwriterwhohad2children.
4.Inwhichbookdidhedevelopasetofthreelaws?(b)
A.TheFoundationTrilogyB.I,Robot
C.InhisfirstnovelD.Inhisfirstsciencebook.
5.WhatwasAsimovbestknownfor?(b)
A.Hismysterystories.B.Hissciencefictionstories.
C.Hisscienceandhistorybooks.
D.HisbooksabouttheBibleandaboutShakespeare.
6..Allthefollowingsaretrueexcept_____.(a)
A.Asimov’stalentforwritingwasn’tobviouswhenhewasyoung.
B.Hebeganhavinghisstoriespublishedinsciencemagazinein1939.
C.Hepublishedhisfirstnovelin1950.
D.Hepublishedhisfirstsciencebookin1953.
7.WhatmighthappeninaworldwheretherewererobotsifAsimov’sthreelawsdidn’texist?(d)
A.Mayberobotswillharmorinjurehumanbeings.
B.Mayberobotswilldisobeyhumanbeings.
C.Inordertoprotecttheirownexistence,robotsmayinjurehumanbeings.
D.Alloftheabove.
8WhycouldIssacAsimovbecomeawriter?(c)
AAfriendofhismadehimawriter
BHisparentswantedhimtobeawriter
CHehadthetalentforwriting
DHehadsomanyexperiencesinhislife.
9WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothetext?(c)
AIssacAsimovdidn’tpublishbooksuntilhebecameafulltimewriter.
BIssacAsimov’sideasaboutrobotscompletelyinfluencedscientistsresearchingintoartificialintelligence
CRobotsshouldprotecthumanbeingsin“I,robot.”
DIssacAsimovwrotesomefamousplaysaboutShakespeare.
二.Carefulreading:
ReadaboutIsaacAsimovandcompletethetimelineoftheeventsinhislife.
DateEvent
_1920____BorninRussia.
_1922__________Sisterborn___.
__1923________MovedwithfamilytoNewYork___StartedworkinginacandystoreParentsboughtacandystore.
__1929____startedworkingincandystore__________________________.
Motherhadherthirdchild.
___1931_Startedtotakehimselfseriouslyasawriter.
1939______Beganhavingstoriespublishedinsciencefictionmagazines_____________________________
_1941_________Gainedmaster’sdegreeinchemistry______________________________.
____1942__________Finishedworkinginthecandystore
___Gotmarried_____________________________
__1942-1945______Workedasjuniorchemist,PhiladelphiaNavyYard____
_1948______GotPhDinchemistry
___1949____Becameabiochemistryteacher,BostonUniversitySchoolofMedicine.
__1950____Publishedhisfirstnovel.
___PublishedI,Robot.____.Developedthreelawsforrobots.

1951-1953Published“TheFoundationTrilogy”and
wonanawardforit.
_1953____Publishedfirstsciencebook
1958_____Becameafull-timewriter.
_1973_______Divorcedhisfirstwife.
__Marriedforasecondtime________________________.
_1983____Hadabloodtransfusion.Becameinfected
withHIV.
1992_DiedinNewYork_______________________
三.课后检测
Ⅰ.Completethefollowingsentenceswithproperwords.
1.Badcustomsandlawsoughttobeanowbecausetheyaren’tsuitableforoursociety.
2.ThePrimeMinisterwasforcedtorbecausehedidn’ttakeeffectivemeasurestosolvetheproblem.
3.Whenitcomesto(政治),Iknownothing.
4.AwarwasfoughtintheUnitedStatesinthe19thcenturytoliberateblackpeoplefrom
(奴隶制).
5.PeterisveryinterestedinChinese(文学)andwantstoworkinChinaaftergraduation.
Ⅱ.Completethefollowingsentenceswithoutchangingtheirmeanings.
1.Itisknownthatlow-carbonlifestyleisofgreatbenefittoimprovingtheworldenvironment.
Itisknownthatlow-carbonlifestyleisimprovingtheworldenvironment.
2.Ihavechangedmymind;thatistosay,Ihavedecidedtoacceptthispositioninyourdepartment.
Ihavechangedmymind;,Ihavedecidedtoacceptthispositioninyourdepartment.
3.Lucyhasherownshortcomings,but,inshort,sheisagoodhelper.
Lucyhasherownshortcomings,but,,sheisagoodhelper.
Ⅲ.Completethefollowingsentenceswithproperwords.
1.It’sanicehouseandit’shforthestation.
2.Youwillmakeagreatpbysellingthehousenow;ifyouwait,thepricemaygodown.
3.Bitterlydisappointed,Scotsandhis(同伴)setoutonthereturnjourney.
4.Jackgottwo(证书)atuniversitybyworkinghard.
5.Thechurch,designedbytwoItalian(建筑师)onehundredyearsago,isstillingoodcondition.

精选阅读

选修七英语Unit2Robots


Unit2Robots

一、语言要点

I单元要点预览(旨在让同学整体了解本单元要点)

词汇

部分

词语

辨析

1.desire/wish/hope/expect/want/longfor

2.assess/access3.victory/success/conquest/triumph

词形

变化

1.satisfactionn.满意

satisfyv.使满意

satisfyingadj.令人满足的

satisfiedadj.感到满意的

2.alarmedadj.感到惊吓的

alarmv.n.n.警报vt.恐吓,警告

3.declarev.断言,宣称

declarationn.宣布,宣言,声明

重点

单词

1.desiren.渴望vt.想要

2.satisfactionn.满意

3.alarmn.警报vt.使```惊恐

4.sympathyn.同情

5.accompanyvt.陪伴

6.declarevt.宣布

7.envyvt.嫉妒

8.junioradj.较年幼的

9.divorcen.离婚vt.与```离婚

重点

词组

testout考验ringup打电话给turnaround转向

leave…alone不打扰setaside将```放在一边beboundto一定做……

重点句型

1.Clairedidn’twanttherobotinherhouse,especiallyasherhusbandwouldbeabsentforthreeweeks,butLarrypersuadedherthattherobotwouldn’tharmherorallowhertobeharmed.

2.Assheturnedaround,therestoodGladysClaffern.

3.Asimovbeganhavingstoriespublishedinsciencefictionmagazinesin1939.

重点语法

复习被动语态(包括动词不定式)(I)(见语法专题)

II词语辨析(旨在提供完形填空所需材料)

1).desire/wish/hope/expect/want/longfor

desire属正式用语,可代替wish和want,强调“主观愿望的热切性”,含有“强烈希望做某事”的意思,

wish语气比desire弱,一般用于“难以实现或不可能实现的愿望”,指“希望”、“愿”、“想”

hope表示实现的可能性较大的希望

expect侧重“期待,预期,指望”

want多用于口语式普通场合,指“想”、“要”或“需要”,表示“偏爱、选择”或“需要、热爱”

longfor表“希望,渴望”

选择desire/wish/hope/expect/want或longfor并用其适当的形式填空

1)I_______Icouldhaveanewcar.

2)I_____adictionaryatthepresenttime.

3)Hemanagedtogetthebookhe______finally.

4)I______animmediateanswerofyours.

5)personally,ourcityteamhasbetterplayersandI______themtowin

6)Hehasbeenworkingabroadforyears,andis_______tocomebackandseehisfamilyverymuch.

Keys:1)wish2)want3)desired4)desire/expect/want5)expect6)longing

2).assess/access

assessvt.估定,评定。

accessn.通路,访问,入门

选择assess或access,并用其适当的形式填空

1)Damagesinthegreatearthquakewere______atseveralhundredbillion.

2)Onlypersonswithapermithas______totherestrictedarea;

Keys:1)assessed2)access

3)victory/success/conquest/triumph

victory指“在战争、竞赛、斗争中获胜”,并有“击败对方或敌人”的含义

success对预期的、计划的、尝试的事物的目标达到

conquest指“征服某国或某民族,从而使之处于被支配地位的胜利或战胜”

triumph指“辉煌或彻底的胜利或成功”

选择victory/success/conquest或triumph并用其适当的形式填空

1)Theywona______inbattle.找教案http://

2)Thegeneralwithhissoldiersreturnedhomein_______

3)Aftertheseriousbomb,theysucceededinthe______ofthatcity.

4)Theconferencewasa_______.

Keys:1)victory2)triumph3)conquest4)success

III词性变化(旨在提供语法填空所需材料)

1.satisfactionn.满意

satisfyv.使满意

satisfyingadj.令人满足的

satisfiedadj.感到满意的

2.alarmedadj.感到惊吓的

alarmn.警报vt.恐吓,警告

3.declarev.断言,宣称

declarationn.宣布,宣言,声明

根据句子结构,用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空

1)Wehada______mealtogetherlastSunday.Alltheguestsarevery______.(satisfaction)

2)Iwassleepingsoundlyintheearlymorningwhenatelephone_______meawake.Iwaseven______tohearthe______newsthatanotherbombinghadhitLondon.(alarm)

3)What______thewomenmostwasthatwhentheyweretalkingaboutthe_______newaboutthegirl,shebecameso_______thatsheranawayassoonassheheardthis.(embarrass)

4)Thenewly-electedpresident_______hissupportfortheterrorists.Hemustberesponsibleforhis______.(declare)

5)He______tohisfriendswhyhewaslatebutnoneofthemthoughthis_______believable.(explain)

keys:1.satisfying;satisfied2.alarmed;alarmed;alarming3.embarrassed;embarrassing;embarrassed4.declared;declaration5.explained;explanation

IV重点词汇(旨在提供综合运用所需材料)

1.desiren.渴望vt.想要

[重点用法]

desiresth.渴望得到某物

desiretodosth.希望/渴望做某事

desirethatsb.(should)do要求……

haveadesireforsth./todosth.渴望得到某物/希望做某事

atone’sdesire照某人的希望

[典例]

1)Wealldesirehappinessandhealth.我们都希望幸福健康。

2)Everyonehasadesireforsuccess,butnoeveryonedesiretogetrich.每个人都渴望成功,但并非人人都渴望金钱。

3)Hedesiresyoutogotoseehimatonce.他要求你马上去见他。

=hedesiresthatyoushouldgotoseehimatonce.

[练习]汉译英

1)他想受到大学教育。

___________________________________________________________________________________

2)他们要我快点回来。

___________________________________________________________________________________

3)我请他立即回信。

___________________________________________________________________________________

4)她要你立即见她。

___________________________________________________________________________________

5)她应邀演奏了一曲。

Keys:1)Hedesiredacollegeeducation.2)Theydesiremetoreturnsoon.3)Idesireanimmediateanswerofhis.4)Shedesiresthatyou(should)seeheratonce.5)Sheplayedapieceatothers’desire/bydesire.2.satisfactionn.满意

[重点用法]

satisfactoryn.满意的,

satisfyv.满足,使满意,

demandsatisfaction要求赔偿;

feelsatisfactionat...对感到满意

findsatisfactionin对...感到满意

tosb.ssatisfaction(tothesatisfactionofsb.)达到使某人满意的程度

withsatisfaction满意地

[典例]

1)Atlast,thewholeclassfoundsatisfactionintheirwork.最终,全班都对他们的工作感到满意。

2)Whathepromisedcouldnotsatisfyhisfamily.他的许诺并未能使他的家人满意。

[练习]汉译英

1)买到想要的东西,她满意地离开了超市。

___________________________________________________________________________________

2)他的试验结果似乎令人满意。

___________________________________________________________________________________

3)这些条件中你至少要符合一项,否则就不能成为本俱乐部的会员。

___________________________________________________________________________________

Keys:1)Havingboughtwhatshewanted,sheleftthesupermarketwithsatisfaction.2)Theresultofhistestseemedtobesatisfactory.3)Ifyoudon’tsatisfyatleastoneoftheconditions,youcan’tbecomeamemberofourclub.3.alarmn.警报vt.使```惊恐

[重点用法]

give/raisethealarm发警报

ringthealarm敲警钟

soundthealarm发警报;吹警报号

take(the)alarmat对...感到吃惊;因...而惊恐

bealarmedat...被...吓一跳

[典例]找教案http://

1)Weweremuchalarmedbythefireintheforest.森林失火使我们大为惊慌。

2)Assoonashesawthesmoke,hesoundedthealarm.看见火灾爆发,他鸣响了警报。

[练习]汉译英

1)看到孩子们在返校时遭遇车祸的消息,家长们感到很害怕。

___________________________________________________________________________________

2)看到大火,社区的居民发出警报。

___________________________________________________________________________________

Keys:1)Theparentstookthealarmatthenewsthattheirchildrencaughtatrafficaccidencewhenretuningtheschool.2)Theresidentsinthecommunityraisedthealarmwhenseeingthegreatfire.4.sympathyn.同情

[重点用法]

feel/havesympathyfor同情某人

insympathywith同情;赞成;和...一致

outofsympathywith对...不同情;不赞成;对...没有同感,和...不一致

winsympathyof博得...的同情

[典例]

1)Hegavethepoorchildsomemoneyoutofsympathy.出于同情,他给了这个穷孩子一点钱。

2)Heisinsympathywiththeirbeliefs.他与他们的信仰一致.

[练习]汉译英

1)听完这个故事,他对她目前的情况深感同情。

___________________________________________________________________________________

2)通过描述他悲惨的童年,他赢得路人的同情。

___________________________________________________________________________________

Keys:1)Afterhearingthestory,hefeltsympathyforherpresentsituation.2)Hewonthesympathyofpassers-bybydescribinghismiserablechildhood.5.accompanyvt.陪伴

[重点用法]

accompanysb.toaplace陪伴某人去某地

accompanysth.with/bysth.与…同时存在

[典例]

1)Heaccompaniedhisoldfathertothehospitaltoseewhat’swrongwithhisstomach.他陪他的老父亲去医院查看胃部出了什么问题。

2)Thundersaccompaniedbyheavyraininthisseasonareverycommon.这个季节,雷鸣常常伴有大雨。[练习]汉译英

1)总统出现了被六个健壮的保镖护随着。

___________________________________________________________________________________

2)回到家乡,他的老同学们陪着他参观了这个城市。

___________________________________________________________________________________

Keys:1)Thepresidentappearedandwasaccompaniedbysixstrongbodyguards.2)Whenretuninghometown,hewasshownaroundthecityaccompaniedbyhisoldclassmates.6.declarevt.宣布

[重点用法]

declaresth.宣布……

declaresb./sth.(tobe)+n./adj.宣布……为……

declarethat

declarewaron/upon对…宣战

declareagainst/for…声明反对/赞成

[典例]

1)Shedeclaredthatshedidntwanttoseehimagain.她宣称她再也不愿见到他。

2)Soontheywilldeclarehimtheownerofthehouse.很快他们就会宣布他为房子的主人。

3)Thegovernmentpassedalawthatdeclareditillegaltocatchandsellthiskindofanimals.

政府通过法律宣布捕捉贩卖这种动物是非法的。

[练习]汉译英

1)那个女明星最近宣称要嫁给一个富人然后退出舞台。

___________________________________________________________________________________

2)公司宣布老板的儿子依法成为公司继承人。

___________________________________________________________________________________

Keys:1)Thepopularactressdeclaredrecentlythatshewouldmarryarichgentlemanandretirefromthestage.2)Thecompanydeclaredthesonofthebosstobethesuccessorbylaw.7.envyvt.嫉妒

[重点用法]

envysb.sth.妒忌/羡慕某人某物

becometheenvyofsb.成为令人嫉妒/羡慕的事物

beinenvyofone’ssuccess羡慕某人的成功

outofenvy出于嫉妒/羡慕

[典例]

1)Allherworkmatesenviedher(for)herpromotion.所有的同事都羡慕她的晋升。

2)Histalentformusicbecomestheenvyoftheothercompetitors.他在音乐方面的天分让其他人对手感到羡慕。

[练习]汉译英

1)他们的新房子受到邻居的羡慕。

___________________________________________________________________________________

2)出于妒忌,他作了伪证

___________________________________________________________________________________

Keys:1)Theirnewhousemadethemtheenvyoftheirneighbors.2)Hemadethefaultwitnessoutofenvy.

V重点词组(旨在提供综合运用所需材料)

1.testout考验;试验

[典例]

1)Thismodelhadbeentestedoutbeforeitwasputintoproduction.这个型号经过试验后才进行大批量生产。

2)Beforethelecture,theprofessorisusedtotestingoutthewholeexperiment.上课前,这个教授习惯先将整个实验试验一番。

[短语归纳]

testonsb./sth.在……(身上)做实验/试验

have/takeatestin参加……考试找教案http://

[练习]汉译英

1)成千上万的人们将参加这周日的公务员考试。

___________________________________________________________________________________

2)那个咨询顾问习惯先将新的政策在他自己的公司里进行实验。

___________________________________________________________________________________

Keys:1)TensofthousandsofpeoplewilltakeanentrancetestforgovernmentofficersthisSunday.2)Theconsultantwouldtestthenewpolicyonhisowncompanyfirst.2.ringup打电话给……

[短语归纳]

ringback回电话

ringoff挂断电话;停止讲话

ringabell唤醒经常是模糊的记忆

ringupthecurtain开始:开始一场演出,一个事件或一次行动

[典例]

1)Ihavetoringoffnowbecausemyfriendiswaitingforme.我朋友在等我,我得挂电话了。

2)Onarrivingattheairport,heranguphismothertosayeverythingwasok.一到达机场,他就打电话给他母亲报平安。

[练习]汉译英

1)今早他刚起床就有人给他打电话了。

___________________________________________________________________________________

2)见到老板进来,他赶紧挂断电话假装在工作。

___________________________________________________________________________________

Keys:1)Themomenthegotupthismorning,someoneranghimup.2)Seeinghisbosscoming,hehurriedtoringoffandpretendedtobeworking.3.turnaround转向

[典例]

1)Heheardavoicebutwhenheturnedaround,hesawnobody.他听到声音,但转身却没发现有人。

2)Ashewalkedtowardsthehotel,hesuddenlyturnedaroundandfoundanoldladyfollowinghim.当他朝旅馆走去时,突然转身发现一个老妇人跟着他。

[短语归纳]

turnaway把(脸)转过去

turnagainst背叛,反抗

turnon/off打开/关掉

turnup出现/调大(音量)

turndown拒绝,调小(音量)

turnout结果是;证明是;

[练习]汉译英

1)那年轻的女士无法想象要是她的丈夫背叛她的话会是怎么样。

___________________________________________________________________________________

2)虽然贫穷,但是女孩毅然地拒绝了别人的帮助。

___________________________________________________________________________________

Keys:1)Theyoungladycannotimaginewhatifherhusbandturnsagainsther.2)Thoughpoor,thegirlturneddownothers’helpfirmly.4.leave…alone不打扰

[短语归纳]

leavebehind留下,遗留

leaveaside(把某事)搁置一边

leavefor出发前往

leaveout省去,遗漏,不考虑

[典例]

1)Leavehimaloneandhewillproduce.别打扰他,他会写出来的。

2)Hewasaskedtoleaveforanothercityin24hours.他被要求24小时内离开到另一个城市去。

3)Theteacherrequiredustoleaveoutsomeunnecessarywordsinouressays.老师让我们将论文中不必要的词语省去。

4)Youshouldn’thaveleftAndyaloneinthemountains;itwasverydangerous.你不该将Andy留在山上,因为那非常危险。

[练习]汉译英

1)老板捐款潜逃了,只留下一间空厂房。

___________________________________________________________________________________

2)听到警报,警察丢下家人冲出去看发生了什么事。

___________________________________________________________________________________

Keys:1)Thebossescapedwithallhisfortuneandleftanemptyfactorybehind.2)Hearingthealarm,thepolicemanlefthisfamilybehindandrushedouttoseewhathappened.5.setaside将……放在一边;节省或保留(时间,金钱)

[短语归纳]

setdown写下,记下

setoff开始动身(foraplace)

setup创立,建立,搭起

setout出发,着手做某事(todosth.)

setaboutdoing着手做,开始做……

[典例]

1)Wouldyoupleasesetasidesometimetolistentomyrealidea?你可以腾出点时间听听我的想法吗?

2)Thedepartmentsetasidethethingstheyweredoingandconcentratedonamoreurgenttask.这个部门的成员放下手头的事情,全力以赴一项更紧急的任务.

[练习]汉译英找教案http://

1)父亲放下报纸点了一支烟。

___________________________________________________________________________________

2)他努力工作省下钱给他儿子上大学。

___________________________________________________________________________________

Keys:1)Fathersetasidethenewspaperandlitacigarette.2)Heisworkinghardtosetasidesomemoneyforhissontogotocollege.6.beboundto一定做……

[典例]

1)Wemissedthebus.Wereboundtobelate.我们错过了那趟车,我们肯定要迟到了。

2)Shesboundtobemayor.她注定会成为市长。

[练习]汉译英

1)他那么用功,一定会成功的。

____________________________________________________________________________________

2)这项新发现对于人类必定大有用处。

____________________________________________________________________________________

Keys:1)Withmuchhardwork,heisboundtosucceed.2)Thenewdiscoveryisboundtobeofgreatservicetomankind.

VI重点句子(旨在提供句子结构等所需材料)

1.Clairedidn’twanttherobotinherhouse,especiallyasherhusbandwouldbeabsentforthreeweeks,butLarrypersuadedherthattherobotwouldn’tharmherorallowhertobeharmed.

克莱尔并不想把机器人留在家里,特别是在她丈夫离加三周的这个期间。但是,克莱尔被拉里说服了。他说,机器人不会伤害她,也不会让别人来伤害她。

[解释]tobeharmed:动词不定式的被动语态。

[典例]

1)AllthesegiftsmustbemailedimmediatelysoastobereceivedintimeforChristmas.所有的这些礼物必须及时邮寄,以便在圣诞节及时收到。

2)ItremainstobeseenwhetherJim’llbefitenoughtoplayinthefinals.吉姆最后是否适合演出仍将拭目以待。

[练习]汉译英

1)小汤姆假装被射中了哭喊着要糖吃。2)此药得一日三次,饭后服用。

___________________________________________________________________________________

Keys:1)LittleTompretendedtobeshotandcriedforacandy.2)Themedicineisrequiredtobetakenthreetimesadayaftermeals.2.Assheturnedaround,therestoodGladysClaffern.当他转过身时,(她发现)Gladys站在那儿。

[解释]therestoodGladysClaffern倒装句。在谓语为动词go,come,run,stand,live等表示位置转移的动词及be动词的句子中,为了强调句子中一些副词there,here,up,down,in,out,away等,可将副词置于句首,若这时主语是名词,句子用全倒装;若是代词,则不用倒装。

[典例]

1)Therecomestheteacherandherstudents.老师和她的学生们来了。

2)Outrushedtheboys.男孩们冲了出去。找教案http://

[练习]汉译英

1)年轻的母亲抱着手里两个月大的婴儿跑开了。

___________________________________________________________________________________

2)走进来了生气的老板和他的秘书。

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Keys:1)Awayranthemotherwithatwo-month-oldbabyinherarms.2)Incametheangrybossandhissecretary.3.Asimovbeganhavingstoriespublishedinsciencefictionmagazinesin1939.1939年,阿西莫夫开始在科幻杂志上发表文章。

[解释]

havesth.done表示“请某人做某事”,或“遭遇到某事”(宾语与宾补为被动关系)

havesb.do让某人做……

havesb./sth.doing让……不停地做……

[典例]

1)Wehadourphototakenbyapasser-by.我们请了个过路人给我们照相。

2)Becareful.It’seasytohaveyourpocketpickedinacrowdlikethis.小心点,在这样的人群中容易被偷。

3)Thecoachhasusdoingthesamethingallday.It’sboring.教练让我们整天做同样的事情,真乏味

4)Asyouhaveneverbeentherebefore,I’llhavesomeoneshowyoutheway.既然你以前没去过,那我找人带你去。

[练习]汉译英

1)与对手角逐时,他大腿受伤了不得不放弃比赛。

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2)残忍的老板让他的工人们整天工作。

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3)班主任让班长他不在时管理班级。

___________________________________________________________________________________

Keys:1)Whenstrugglingwiththecompetitor,hehadhislegbrokenandhadtogiveupthematch.2)Thecruelbosshadhisemployeesworkingallthemorning.3)Theheadteacherhadthemonitormanagethewholeclasswhenhewasabsence.二、课文要点

1课文词汇等填空(旨在复习本课文中的单词拼写和主要词语等)

根据课文内容完成下面语法填空,注意单词拼写和词语用法:

Arobotusedforhouseworkwastested1inafamily.Helookedlikeatallandhandsomemanwithsmoothblackhair,2(speak)inadeepvoice.Larrywasgoingtobeawayfromhomesohehiredsucharobotto3(陪伴)hiswifeClaire.Clairedidn’tliketheideaatthebeginning,butshe4toitatlast.AtthefirstsightofTony,Clairefeltembarrassed.5(渐渐地),TonybegantowinClaire’strust.HehelpedClairerealizeherdreams6makingherhomeelegant,givingheranewhaircut,changingthemakeupsheworeandgivingheradviceonherdresses.Thereforeatthepartyallsheguests7wereinvitedwerefilledwithadmiration8theysawherhousewascompletelychanged.9thetest,thecompanywassatisfiedwithTony’sreportbecausehehadsuccessfullymadeawomanregainherconfidence10fallinlovewithhim.答案:1.out2.speaking3.accompany4.agreed5.Gradually6.by7.who

8.when9.After10.and2课文大意概括(旨在训练用30个单词概括大意的能力)

阅读课文,试着用30个单词概括课文大意,再比较答案

在Clair家接受测试的机器人Tony能帮上她很多忙。Clair渐渐地爱上了他因为他是如此完美的一个人。这使得这个机器人不得不再重新组装。

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

答案:Tony,arobotwhichwastestedoutinClair’sfamilycouldhelpedClairealot.ClairegraduallyfellinlovewithTonybecausehewassuchaperfectman,whichcausedtherobottoberebuilt.3课文佳句背诵与仿写(旨在培养对难句的理解和运用能力)

1.Hewastallandhandsomewithsmoothhairandadeepvoicealthoughhisfacialexpressionneverchanged.

他虽然面部表情毫无变化,但是个子高大、相貌英俊,头发平整,声音低沉浑厚。

[模仿要点]描写人物时使用多种修饰语

她是个善良可爱的小姑娘园园的脸,大大的眼睛,雪白的牙齿,留着波浪般的长发

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答案:Sheisakindandlovelygirl,witharoundface,bigeyes,whiteteethandlongwavinghair.
他是个长相很滑稽的男人,长长的胡须而没有头发

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答案:Heisafunny-lookingman,withathickmoustachebutnohairleft.
找教案http://

2.AlsoshefeltherhomewasntelegantenoughforsomeonelikeLarrywhowantedtoimprovehissocialposition.还有对于像拉里这样很想提高社会地位的人来说,她的家也不够高雅。

[模仿要点]Ais+adjforsomeonelikeBwho-从句

对于像他的班长那样想考入名牌大学的人来说,Tom觉得自己还不够勤奋。

______________________________________________________________________________

答案:Tomthinkshehimselfisn’tdiligentenoughforsomeonelikehismonitorwhowishestoenterafamousuniversity2yearslater.

对于像他的哥哥那样想成为一名大作家的人来说,John觉得自己还不够聪明。

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答案:Johnfelthehimselfisnotcleverenoughforsomeonelikehisbrotherwhowantstobeafamouswriter.3.IsaacAsimovwasAmericanscientistandwriterwhowrotearound480booksthatincludedmysterystories,scienceandhistorybooks,andevenbooksabouttheHolyBibleandShakespeare.艾萨克·阿西莫夫是美国的科学家兼作家,他写过480本书,包括怪诞小说,科学和历史方面的书,甚至还写过有关圣经和莎士比亚的书。

[模仿要点]句子结构:一个复合句中含有两个定语从句

卓别林是一位伟大的演员,他饰演了70多部电影,其中包括了无声电影和有声电影。

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答案:Chaplinisanoutstandingactorwhomademorethan70filmsthatincludesilentfilmsandsoundfilms.在过去或将来,这本书都是我们心灵的礼物,它记载了带来欢笑的瞬间和许多催人泪下的瞬间。

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答案:Thisbookisagiftforoursoul,whichrecordsboththemomentsthatcouldbringjoyandthemomentsthatcouldbringtears,inthepresentandthepast.

三、单元自测

1完形填空

阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从21—30各题所给的A、B、C和D项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

词数:233

完成时间:14分钟

难度:***

Iconsidermyselfsomethingofanexpertonapologies.Aquicktemperhasprovidedmewithplentyofopportunitiestomakethem.Inoneofmyearliest21,mymotheristellingme,"Dontwatchthe22whenyousay,Imsorry.Holdyourheadupandlookthepersoninthe23,sohellknowyoumeanit."

Mymotherthusmadethekeypointofasuccessfulapology:itmustbedirect.Youmustnever24tobedoingsomethingelse.Youdonotlookthroughapileofletterswhileapologizingtoaperson25inpositionafterblaminghimorherforamistakethatturnedouttobeyourfault.Youdonotapologizetoahostess,whoseguestofhonoryoutreat26,bysendingflowersthenextdaywithoutmentioningyourbadmanners.

Oneoftheimportantthingsyoushoulddoforaneffectiveapologyisreadinessto27theresponsibilityforourcarelessmistakes.Weareusedtomakingexcuses,whichleavesno28fortheotherpersontoforgiveus.Sincemostpeopleareopen-hearted,theno-excuseapologyleavesbothpartiesfeeling29aboutthemselves.That,afterall,isthepurposeofeveryapology.It30littlewhethertheapologizeriswhollyoronlypartlyatfault:answeringforonesactionsencouragesotherstotaketheirshareoftheblame.

21.A.dreamsB.coursesC.memoriesD.ideas

22.A.sideB.groundC.wallD.bottom

23.A.mindB.soulC.faceD.eye

24.A.pretendB.forgetC.refuseD.expect

25.A.poorerB.weakerC.worseD.lower

26.A.cruellyB.freelyC.roughlyD.foolishly

27.A.raiseB.performC.admitD.bear

28.A.situationB.needC.signD.room

29.A.wiserB.warmerC.betterD.cleverer

30.A.caresB.mattersC.dependsD.remains

[答案解析]

21.C名词词义辨析。紧接着的就是作者回忆出来的内容。

22.B与后面提到的“要抬起头”正好相反。

23.D道歉时看着对方的眼睛,以示真诚,在这一点上中西方是一样的。

24.A动词词义辨析。根据常识选定。

25.D词语搭配。职位一般论的是高、低。

26.C副词词词义辨析。roughly此处表示对待客人不礼貌,服务不到位。

27.D词语搭配。beartheresponsibility承担责任。

28.D名词词义辨析。leavenoroom不留余地。

29.Cbetter表示“心情更舒畅”。未找借口的道歉,即真诚的道歉,对方的感觉一定很好。

30.B道歉者是全部还是部分承担责任这些都不太重要:关键是为所作所为主动负责,这也能促使别人共同承担责任。

2语法填空

阅读下面短文,按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求,在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空,并将答案填写在答题卡标号为31-40的相应位置上。

词数:147

完成时间:7分钟

难度:***

Theoriginsofthemusicareas31(interest)asthemusicitself.Jazz32(invent)byAmericanNegroes,orblacks,astheyarecalledtoday,33werebroughttotheSouthernstatesasslaves.Theyweresoldtofarmownersand34(force)toworklonghoursinthecottonandtobaccofields.35aNegrodied,36friendsandrelativeswouldgatherandcarrythebodytohaveaceremony37theyburiedhim.Therewasalwaysabandwiththem.Onthewaytotheceremonythebandplayedslow,solemnmusic38(suit)forthesituation.Butonthewayhomethemoodchanged.Spiritslifted.Everyonewashappy.Death39(remove)oneoftheirmembers,but40livingweregladtobealive.Thebandplayedhappymusic.Thismusicmadeeveryonewanttodance.ItwasanearlyformofJazz.

答案:

31.interesting32.wasinvented33.who34.forced35.When36.his37.before

38.suitable39.hadremoved40.the

31.interesting.令人有趣的……

32.wasinvented.Jazz是过去被黑人发明的,所以用一般过去时的被动语态。

33.who.引导一个定语从句,指代前面的AmericanNegroes,orblacks,在从句中作主语。

34.forced.与前面的“theyweresold并列,省略了theywere。

35.When.引导一个时间状语从句。

36.his.根据这句话的最后一个单词him可以得知答案。

37.before.仪式是在埋葬死人之前举行的,所以用before。

38.suitable.(be)suitblefor固定搭配,形容词短语作后置定语,修饰前面的slow,solemnmusic。

39.hadremoved.因为remove这个动作发生在过去动作changed,1ifted,washappy,wereglad等的前面,所以要过去完成时。

40.the.the十adj.表—类人,theliving指“活着的人”。

3阅读理解

阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

词数:335

完成时间:7分钟

难度:****

AbadWorkingMemory(大脑的工作记忆)–thebrainstemporarystoragebox--mayexplain,newresearchsuggests,whyonechildcannotreadhisorherhistorybookandanothergetslostinmath.Asmanyas10percentofschool-agechildrenmaysufferfrompoorworkingmemory.Britishresearcherssaidinareportlastweek,yettheproblemisrarelyidentified.找教案http://

"Youcanthinkofworkingmemoryasapuremeasureofyourchildspotential.ManypsychologistsconsiderworkingmemorytobethenewIQ(智商),becausewefindthatworkingmemoryisoneofthemostimportantpredictors(预示物)oflearningability,saidDr.TraceyAllowayofBritain’sDurhamUniversity.

Manychildrenwithpoorworkingmemoryareconsideredlazyordull.Workingmemoryallowspeopletoholdintheirmindsanddealwithafewitems,suchastelephonenumbers,overashortperiodoftime.Allowaycomparesworkingmemorytoabox.Foradults,thebasicboxsizeisthoughttobethreetofiveitems.Itsimportant,therefore,toputintherightthings.Irrelevant(不相关的)informationwillclutterworkingmemory.

Thequestionmanyresearchersarestrugglingwithishowtohelpchildrenwiththisproblem,whichappearstobeclosely,relatedtoalackofattention.

"Inchildrenwithlearningdifficulties,itbecomesahugeissue,especiallyaroundmiddleschool,whenthedemandsonworkingmemoryreallygrow,"saidDr.MelLevine,co-founderofAllKindsofMinds,anonprofitorganizationinNorthCarolinathatstudieslearningdifficulties.

Memorytrainingmayhelpimproveworkingmemory.Allowayhasatoolthatallowsteacherstoassess(评定)theworking-memorycapacityofchildrenasyoungas4;ithasbeenusedin35schoolsacrossBritain.

Levine’sorganizationtrainsteachersthroughaprogramcalledSchoolsAttuned,whichisworkingwithseveralthousandschoolsacrosstheUnitedStates,CanadaandEurope.Whileheisnotsureworkingmemorycanbeexpanded,Levinesaidchildrencanbetaughtwaystodobetterinschool.

41.Whichofthefollowingisacharacteristicofworkingmemory?

A.Ithasalimitedcapacity.

B.Itisusuallybetterinchildrenthanadults.

C.Itimproveswithuse.

D.Itcancausealackofattention.

42.Accordingtothenewresearch,___________.

A.theimportanceofworkingmemoryhasbeenlongrecognized

B.workingmemoryisbecomingrecognizedasafactorinintelligence

C.lazinesscanweakenworkingmemory

D.workingmemoryhelpspeoplerememberthingsforever

43.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"clutter"inParagraph3probablymean?

A.Change.B.Improve.C.Strengthen.D.Confuse.

44.Whichofthefollowingmayhelpimproveachildsworkingmemory?

A.Expandingthebrainsstoragebox.

B.Trainingthememory.

C.Rememberingmorethings.

D.Beingremindedfrequently.

45.Accordingtothepassage,Dr.MelLevinehas___________.

A.inventedtoolstohelpimproveachildsworkingmemory

B.foundedanorganizationtotrainteacherstohelpstudentswiththisproblem

C.identifiedtheproblemclearly

D.comparedworkingmemorytoabox

答案:

本文介绍了学习障碍儿童(如数学障碍儿童)大脑的“工作记忆”容量方面的研究情况。大脑的“工作记忆”不好,会使孩子不能专心读书,百分之十的孩子有这方面的问题。很多心理学家认为应该把大脑的“工作记忆”可以看作是一种新智商,因为它可以反映人的学习能力。Alloway把大脑的“工作记忆”比作一个盒子,并认为它的容量是有限的。文章还告诉我们记忆训练可以帮助改善“工作记忆”。

41.A。事实细节题。根据第三段中的“Allowaycomparesworkingmemorytoabox.Foradults,thebasicboxsizeisthoughttobethreetofiveitems.”可知人的“工作记忆”就像一个盒子,它的容量是有限的。

42.B。推理判断题。根据第二段的“ManypsychologistsconsiderworkingmemorytobethenewIQ,becausewefindthatworkingmemoryisoneofthemostimportantpredictorsoflearningability”可知,很多心理学家认为workingmemory是一种新的智商,因为研究者发现workingmemory是衡量一个人学习能力的最重要的指标之一,因此可以把它看作是预测孩子智力的一个重要因素。

43.D。猜测词义题。根据第三段可知人的workingmemory是有限的,因此要去记那些重要的信息,不相关的信息只会使记忆更加混乱,所以选D。

44.B。事实细节题。根据倒数第二段第一句“Memorytrainingmayhelpimproveworkingmemory.”可知进行记忆训练会有助于改善“工作记忆”,因此B正确。

45.B。事实细节题。根据最后一段第一句“Levine’sorganizationtrainsteachersthroughaprogramcalledSchoolsAttuned”可知,Levine成立一个组织,这个组织培训老师,然后让老师们帮助学生改善“工作记忆”。

4.读写任务

阅读下面一篇一位美国朋友希望找个中国大学生作为游伴的博客短文,然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。

Im19-year-old,namedBoobiSmith,ayoungcollegestudentfromUSA.IherebyearnestlyinviteaChineseyoungcollegestudentpreferringtomakeathree-weektouringtripwithmeinChina.

Myplan,basedonsometravellinginformationontheInternet,istosetoffnextweekendwhenthesummervacationofficiallybegins.ThefirststopisKunming,theworld-renownedcityforitsbeautyandmildtemperature.Wellgettherebytrainandstaytherefor2days,andthenwellheadforJinggangshan,aformerrevolutionarybaseaswellasanaturalbeautyspot.Aftera3-dayvisitthere,wewilltakealong-distancecoachtoanearbyportcitybytheChangjiangRiverandboardadownstreamshiptoShanghai,sothatwecanenjoythegreatsceneryalongsidethethirdlongestriverintheworld.Aseverybodyknows,ShanghaiisthebusiestandfastestdevelopingcityinChina.Idliketohavealookatitsprosperity,sothestaytherewillbeabouthalfaweek.A4-dayvisittothesetwocitiesnearShanghaiisamust.Alltogether,ourtripwilllastaboutthreeweeks.

Ionlyexpectthatmytravel-matecouldsplittheexpenseswithme,andtalkwithmeinEnglish,andheorshewouldbeanexcellentguide.

Thoseinterestedpleasecontactmethroughemail(SmithBoobie@ssnet.com).

[写作内容]

假如你叫李华,是一名就读大学生。你想和Boobie结伴同游。你写一封电子邮件和他联系,

谈谈你对这次同游的计划的打算,内容要点包括:

1.以约30个词概括Boobie的博客短文的要点;

2.然后以约120个词谈谈你对这次同游计划的打算,内容包括:

(1)对Boobie这次中国之游的感受;

(2)对Boobie的日程安排、费用分担情况和相关要求表示赞同,并说明赞同理由;

(3)你对Boobie来华旅游的祝愿和希望。

[写作要求]

1.作文中可使用自己的亲身经历或虚构的故事,也可以参照阅读材料的内容,但不得直接引用

原文中的句子;邮件的开头、结尾已写好。

2.作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。

[评分标准]概括准确,语言规范,内容合适,篇章连贯:

[写作辅导]

1.写作有可能用到的主要短语和单词:中国之旅thejourneyinChina,安排arrangeforsth.

2.本文的概要必须包含以下要点:IherebyearnestlyinviteaChineseyoungcollegestudentpreferringtomakeathree-weektouringtripwithmeinChina./Myplan,basedonsometravelinginformationontheInternet,istosetoffnextweekend..../Ionlyexpectthatmytravel-matecouldsplittheexpenseswithme,andtalkwithmeinEnglish,andheorshewouldbeanexcellentguide.

3.本文要注意,概要一定要根据文段的时态来写。同时,绝对不能抄袭原文的句子。文章对Boobie的日程安排、费用分担情况和相关要求表示赞同,并说明赞同理由;对Boobie这次中国之游的感受;对Boobie来华旅游的祝愿和希望等内容,属于评论性文字和结论性的观点,故用一般现在时或一般将来时态。

DearBoobie,

Hi,IamaChinesecollegestudent.Inyourblog,

________________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________________

答案:DearBoohie,

Hi,IamaChinesecollegestudent.Inyourblog,Iknowthatyouwantatravel-matewhowillgowithyoutohaveathree-weektripinChina.Youalsooffermesomeinformationindetailsaboutthetravelplanandotherrequirementsaboutthistrip.

Iamabsolutelydelightedtogetsuchatravel-matefromtheUSA.Youcanenjoythebeautyofourcountry.Meanwhile,youwillbemygoodhelpertomyEnglishstudy.

Ishareyouropinionaboutyourplan.IhaveneverbeentoKunming,Jianggangshan,theChangjiangRiverandShanghai.ThisismyfirsttripwithanativeEnglishspeakertotravelinChina,whichisofgreathelptoimprovemyEnglish.IalsoliketosharetheexpenseswithyoubecauseIdontneedtoaskmyparentsformoremoney.AndIhaveworkedasapart-timeguidefortwoyearsduringmycollegelife,soIwillbeyouridealguide.

Iamlookingforwardtoyourreply,andyouwillenjoyyourjourneyinChina.

YoursTruly,

LiHua找教案http://

Unit2Robots


Unit2 Robots
指导思想与理论依据 
1.指导思想
本课题努力结合新课程的理念,将课堂教学放在具体的语言情景之中;努力培养学生的综合语言运用能力,并且把听、说、读、写语言技能的训练综合运用于课堂教学之中。通过探究法、观察法和发现法,让学生发挥主观能动性,利用两两合作、小组活动的方式,激发学生参与教学的热情,让学生整堂课都处于新鲜感不断的亢奋状态中。根据学生的认知能力和接受程度,设计了写作等任务,使语言得到输出,可以使学生产生继续学习的动力。
总之,本次设计的宗旨是努力提高课堂教学的实效性,使学生能够提高语言的实际运用能力,达到最终教学的目的。
2.理论依据
《普通高中英语课程标准》明确提出:“要通过设计丰富多彩的课内外学习活动,使学生在参与交际活动的过程中形成交际策略。”
教材内容分析 
本单元以机器人和科幻小说为话题,介绍了20世纪世界知名的科幻小说家IsaacAsimov发表于1951年的SatisfactionGuaranteed和他的生平。通过本单元的教学,旨在让学生了解科幻小说最大的特征在于:它赋予了“幻想”依靠科技在未来得以实现的极大可能,甚至有些“科学幻想”在多年以后,的确在科学上成了现实。如IsaacAsimov1951年描述的机器人的部分功能已经被应用于现实生活和工作中。在教学中,要鼓励学生敢于幻想,大胆创新,发挥自己丰富的想象力和创作力,写出独具特色的科幻文章。
教学内容如下:
WarmingUp介绍了机器人的制造、种类、功能等等,再让学生分组列表,把自己熟悉的科幻文艺形式(科幻故事、电影、电脑游戏、电视剧、卡通等等)写出来,并进行简单地交流。
Pre-reading通过讨论机器人是否像人类一样有自己的思维、是否有感情引出IsaacAsimov的科幻小说SatisfactionGuaranteed,为本单元的Reading做好了铺垫。
Reading的课文是IsaacAsimov发表于1951年的科幻小说SatisfactionGuaranteed。文中描述的机器人Tony是一个除去面无表情外,身材高大、相貌英俊、聪明机智的完美男人,仅三周的时间就使女主人坠入爱河。
Comprehending共有3个练习,练习1是关于克莱尔的情感变化,练习2是关于课文内容的5个问答题,旨在考查学生对课文的理解;练习3要求学生比较机器人Tony在physical,mental两方面与人的异同,与Pre-reading部分的问题相呼应。
LearningaboutLanguage分为两部分,Discoveringusefulwordsandexpressions是本单元词汇练习题;Revisingusefulstructures是本单元语法练习题,通过本单元的学习,要求学生熟练掌握不定式的被动语态。
UsingLanguage分为两部分,Listeningandspeaking是Molly和Kate讨论SatisfactionGuaranteed的对话录音,要求学生根据对话内容学会运用表达自己观点的常用句型。这部分教学内容还要求学生以机器人为话题,充分发挥自己的想象力,谈论机器人做家务的利与弊。并且要求自己动手设计机器人,附上文字说明。Reading,discussingandwriting部分的内容是科幻小说家IsaacAsimov的生平介绍。文章后附有练习题。练习1要求学生根据时间线索了解在作者生命中发生的重要事件;练习2、3要求学生讨论IsaacAsimov的“机器人三定律”;练习4要求学生借助文章信息和练习1的表格笔头简述阿西莫夫的生平事迹。
教材重组 
Period1WarmingUp,Pre-reading,ReadingandComprehending
Period2LanguageStudy
Period3Grammar
Period4Listening,SpeakingandWriting
Period5UsingLanguage
Period6ListeningandReadingTask
Period7Speaking,ListeningandWritingTask
三维目标 
知识目标
1.掌握本单元教学目的和要求中的单词和词汇。如:fiction,desire,satisfaction,alarm,alarmed,sympathy,elegant,pile,scan,fingernail,absurd,haircut,accompany,counter,cushion,awful,affair,declare,envy,testout,ringup,turnaround,leave...aloneetc。
2.帮助学生更多地了解机器人以及有关的科幻小说、小说家阿西莫夫及其文学作品。
3.复习被动语态和学习动词不定式的被动形式。
能力目标
学会使用推测和确信的表达法。
情感目标
培养学生的想象力和对未知世界的探索精神。
教学重点 
1.更多地了解机器人以及科幻小说。
2.掌握女主人公克莱尔的感情和心理上的变化。
教学难点 
1.巩固动词不定式的被动式的用法。
2.学会使用推测和确信的表达法。
教学方法 
1.任务型教学。
2.合作型教学。Period1 WarmingUp,Pre-reading,
ReadingandComprehending
设计方案一
设计者 邵宁宁
Teachinggoals 
1.Beabletolearnsomeimportantwordsandphrases.
fiction,desire,satisfaction,alarm,alarmed,sympathy,elegant,pile,scan,fingernail,absurd,haircut,accompany,cushion,awful,affair,declare,envy,testout,ringup,turnaround,leave...aloneetc.
2.Helpstudentstolearnaboutrobotsandsciencefiction.
3.Enablestudentstorealizesciencefictionreflectsscientificthought;fictionofthings-to-comebasedonthings-on-hand.
Teachingimportantpoints 
1.EnablestudentstograspwhatTonydidtohelpClaireandhowherfeelingstowardsTonychangedduringTonysstayatherhouse.
2.Helpstudentstosumupcharacteristicsofsciencefiction.
Teachingdifficultpoints 
HowClairesfeelingstowardsTonychangedduringTonysstayatherhouse.
Teachingmethods 
Discussing,explaining,readingandpracticing
Teachingaids 
Themultimediacomputer
Teachingprocedures 
?Step1 Warmingup
1.Presentphotosofdifferentkindsofrobots.Thenaskthestudentstosaysomethingabouttheirfavoriterobots.
2.Askstudentstodiscussthefollowingquestionsinpairs.
(1)Whatisarobot?
(2)Whatcanarobotdo?
Suggestedanswers:
(1)Arobotisamachinedesignedtodojobsthatareusuallyperformedbyhumans.Robotsareprogrammedandcontrolledbyacomputer.
(2)Arobotcandomanythings.Forexample,itcanplaymusic,singsongsanddancetomusic;itcanpourtea,sweepthefloorandcookdinner;itcanplayfootball;itcanexploredangerousplaces;itcanplaywithchildren;itcanserveusetc.
?Step2 Pre-reading
LookatthephotosofrobotsandaskstudentstodiscussthequestionsinPre-readingingroups.Studentsareencouragedtospeakouttheiropinionsfreely.
1.Wherewouldyoufindeachrobot?Whatdoeseachonedo?
2.Canyouthinkofanyothertypeofrobot?
3.Doyouthinkitispossibleforarobottothinkforitself,havefeelings,haveitsownneedsanddesires,orlookandfeellikeahumanbeing?
?Step3 Skimming
1.Skimthetexttofindoutthemaincharactersinthestory.
TitleCharactersinthestorySatisfactionGuaranteed
employedinacompanythatmaderobots
Larryswife,ahousewife
arobot
awomanthatClaireenvied
Keys:
TitleCharactersinthestorySatisfactionGuaranteed
LarryBelmontemployedinacompanythatmaderobots
ClaireLarryswife,ahousewife
Tonyarobot
GladysClaffernawomanthatClaireenvied
2.Ingroups,findanswerstothefollowingquestions:
(1)WhatdidTonylooklike?
(2)WhatwasLarryBelmontsproblemintheend?
Severalminuteslaterchecktheanswerswiththewholeclass.
Suggestedanswers:
(1)Hewastallandhandsomealthoughhisfacialexpressionsneverchanged.Hishairwassmoothandblackandhisvoicewasdeep.
(2)HiswifemayhavefalleninlovewithTony,therobot.
?Step4 Scanning
1.Askstudentstoreadthetextcarefullyandthenfindoutthetruestatements.
(1)Clairedidntliketheideaatthebeginning,butsheagreedtoitatlast.
(2)WhenTony,therobot,offeredtohelpdressing,Clairewaspleasedtoacceptit.Butshethoughtitwassurprisingforarobottobesohuman.
(3)TonycouldunderstandClairewhenshesaidshewasnotclever.
(4)Clairewassorryshecoulddolittletohelpherhusband,whowantedtoimprovehissocialposition.
(5)TonywaseagertohelpClaire.Hescannedquitealotofbooksinthelibrary,buthecouldfindnowayout.
(6)TonywenttotownwithClairetobuythingshewantedtoimprovethehouse.
(7)WhileTonyworkedontheimprovementsofthehouse,Clairealsodidherpart.
(8)Clairesguestswerefilledwithadmirationwhentheysawherhousewascompletelychanged.
(9)ClairewasveryhappytofindthatGladysenviedher.
(10)ThecompanywasverypleasedwithTonysreportbecausehehadsuccessfullymadeawomanfallinlovewithhim.
Keys:Truestatements:(1),(3),(4),(7)and(9)
2.Ingroups,discussthequestionsinComprehendingonPage12.
(1)WhydidTonyopenthecurtains?
(2)WhatdidTonydotopreventClairefrombeingharmed?
(3)WhydidTonyhavetoberebuilt?
(4)HowwouldyoufeelifyouhadarobotlikeTonyinyourhouse?
(5)ClairespentthreeweekswithTonyinherhouse.Whichsentencesinthestoryshowthatshekeptforgettingandthenrememberinghewasamachine?
Severalminuteslaterchecktheanswerswiththewholeclass.
Suggestedanswers:
(1)HewantedClairesgueststoseehimandClairetogethersothatshecouldbeenviedbythewomenguests.
(2)TonypreventedClairefrombeingharmedbymakingherfeelgoodaboutherself.Hehelpedhermakeherandherhomeelegantsothatshewouldnotfeellikeafailure.
(3)Becausethecompany(designers)feltthattheycouldnothavewomenfallinginlovewithmachines.
(4)Variousanswerscanbeaccepted.
(5)Sentences:
Howabsurd,shethought.Hewasjustamachine.
Heheldherfirmlyinhisarmsandshefeltthewarmthofhisbody.Shescreamed,pushedhimawayandrantoherroomfortherestoftheday.
Thensheremembered—Tonywasjustamachine.
Sheshouted“Leavemealone”andrantoherbed.
3.Ingroups,listTonyscharacteristicsthatweresimilartoandthosethatweredifferentfromthoseofahumanbeing.
CharacteristicsSimilarDifferent
Physical
Mental
Suggestedanswers:
CharacteristicsSimilarDifferent
PhysicalLookslikeahumanbeing.Bodyandskinsoftandwarm.Hairandfingernailsrealistic.Voicelikeahumans.Facialexpressionsneverchange.
Quickerreactions(ShefelloffaladderandeventhoughTonywasinthenextroom,hemanagedtocatchherintime.)
MentalAbletomakesuggestionsandpredictions.Abletomakeaplanandfollowitthrough.Hasgoodcommunicationskills.Behaviournotappropriate(Tonybroughtherbreakfastandthenaskedherwhethersheneededhelpdressing.)

?Step5 Comprehending
1.TellstudentsthatClairesfeelingstowardsTonychangedasthestorydeveloped.ReadthestoryagainandthenfillintheoccasionswhenClairehadthesefeelings.
OccasionClaireOccasionClaire
dislikedhimcalledhimadear
wasalarmedfelthiswarmth
feltembarrassedfeltbeingenvied
admiredhimcriedallnight
Suggestedanswers:
OccasionClaireOccasionClaire
1.Beforehearriveddislikedhim5.Whenhehelpedherwiththesalesmancalledhimadear
2.Whenhearrivedwasalarmed6.WhenshefelloffaladderandcaughtbyTonyfelthiswarmth
3.Whenheofferedtohelpherdressfeltembarrassed7.WhensheheardGladyswhisperingtoanotherwomanthatshehadneverseenanyonesohandsomeasTonyfeltbeingenvied
4.Whenheofferedtohelpherimproveherhouseandherselfadmiredhim8.WhensherememberedTonywasjustamachinecriedallnight
2.AfterfillingintheoccasionswhenClairehadthesefeelings,askstudentstoworktogethertofindouthowClairesemotiondeveloped.
Suggestedanswer:
AtfirstrefusedtohaveTonyatherhouse—acceptedhim—trustedhim—proudofhim—lovedhim—sadtorememberhewasjustamachine
(T:Fromheremotiondevelopment,wecanseeTonywasdesignedasaMr.Perfect.HeisdesignednottoharmClaireorallowhertobeharmed.ThisisoneofIsaacsthreelawsforrobots.Laterinthisunitwewilllearnmoreabouthisthreelaws.)
?Step6 Discussion
Ingroups,discussthefollowingquestions.(Studentsareencouragedtospeakouttheiropinionsfreely.)
WhatsuggestionsdoyouwanttogivetoLarryBelmontasanengineer?
WhatsuggestionsdoyouwanttogivetoLarryBelmontasahusband?
?Step7 Homework
1.Learntheusefulwordsandphrasesinthisunitbyheart.
2.Rememberthecharacteristicsofsciencefiction.
3.SurftheInternettolearnmoreaboutrobotsandsciencefiction.

人教版高中英语选修7教案Unit2Robots


Unit2Robots

一、语言要点

I单元要点预览(旨在让同学整体了解本单元要点)

词汇

部分

词语

辨析

1.desire/wish/hope/expect/want/longfor

2.assess/access3.victory/success/conquest/triumph

词形

变化

1.satisfactionn.满意

satisfyv.使满意

satisfyingadj.令人满足的

satisfiedadj.感到满意的

2.alarmedadj.感到惊吓的

alarmv.n.n.警报vt.恐吓,警告

3.declarev.断言,宣称

declarationn.宣布,宣言,声明

重点

单词

1.desiren.渴望vt.想要

2.satisfactionn.满意

3.alarmn.警报vt.使```惊恐

4.sympathyn.同情

5.accompanyvt.陪伴

6.declarevt.宣布

7.envyvt.嫉妒

8.junioradj.较年幼的

9.divorcen.离婚vt.与```离婚

重点

词组

testout考验ringup打电话给turnaround转向

leave…alone不打扰setaside将```放在一边beboundto一定做……

重点句型

1.Clairedidn’twanttherobotinherhouse,especiallyasherhusbandwouldbeabsentforthreeweeks,butLarrypersuadedherthattherobotwouldn’tharmherorallowhertobeharmed.

2.Assheturnedaround,therestoodGladysClaffern.

3.Asimovbeganhavingstoriespublishedinsciencefictionmagazinesin1939.

重点语法

复习被动语态(包括动词不定式)(I)(见语法专题)

II词语辨析(旨在提供完形填空所需材料)

1).desire/wish/hope/expect/want/longfor

desire属正式用语,可代替wish和want,强调“主观愿望的热切性”,含有“强烈希望做某事”的意思,

wish语气比desire弱,一般用于“难以实现或不可能实现的愿望”,指“希望”、“愿”、“想”

hope表示实现的可能性较大的希望

expect侧重“期待,预期,指望”

want多用于口语式普通场合,指“想”、“要”或“需要”,表示“偏爱、选择”或“需要、热爱”

longfor表“希望,渴望”

选择desire/wish/hope/expect/want或longfor并用其适当的形式填空

1)I_______Icouldhaveanewcar.

2)I_____adictionaryatthepresenttime.

3)Hemanagedtogetthebookhe______finally.

4)I______animmediateanswerofyours.

5)personally,ourcityteamhasbetterplayersandI______themtowin

6)Hehasbeenworkingabroadforyears,andis_______tocomebackandseehisfamilyverymuch.

Keys:1)wish2)want3)desired4)desire/expect/want5)expect6)longing

2).assess/access

assessvt.估定,评定。

accessn.通路,访问,入门

选择assess或access,并用其适当的形式填空

1)Damagesinthegreatearthquakewere______atseveralhundredbillion.

2)Onlypersonswithapermithas______totherestrictedarea;

Keys:1)assessed2)access

3)victory/success/conquest/triumph

victory指“在战争、竞赛、斗争中获胜”,并有“击败对方或敌人”的含义

success对预期的、计划的、尝试的事物的目标达到

conquest指“征服某国或某民族,从而使之处于被支配地位的胜利或战胜”

triumph指“辉煌或彻底的胜利或成功”

选择victory/success/conquest或triumph并用其适当的形式填空

1)Theywona______inbattle.找教案http://

2)Thegeneralwithhissoldiersreturnedhomein_______

3)Aftertheseriousbomb,theysucceededinthe______ofthatcity.

4)Theconferencewasa_______.

Keys:1)victory2)triumph3)conquest4)success

III词性变化(旨在提供语法填空所需材料)

1.satisfactionn.满意

satisfyv.使满意

satisfyingadj.令人满足的

satisfiedadj.感到满意的

2.alarmedadj.感到惊吓的

alarmn.警报vt.恐吓,警告

3.declarev.断言,宣称

declarationn.宣布,宣言,声明

根据句子结构,用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空

1)Wehada______mealtogetherlastSunday.Alltheguestsarevery______.(satisfaction)

2)Iwassleepingsoundlyintheearlymorningwhenatelephone_______meawake.Iwaseven______tohearthe______newsthatanotherbombinghadhitLondon.(alarm)

3)What______thewomenmostwasthatwhentheyweretalkingaboutthe_______newaboutthegirl,shebecameso_______thatsheranawayassoonassheheardthis.(embarrass)

4)Thenewly-electedpresident_______hissupportfortheterrorists.Hemustberesponsibleforhis______.(declare)

5)He______tohisfriendswhyhewaslatebutnoneofthemthoughthis_______believable.(explain)

keys:1.satisfying;satisfied2.alarmed;alarmed;alarming3.embarrassed;embarrassing;embarrassed4.declared;declaration5.explained;explanation

IV重点词汇(旨在提供综合运用所需材料)

1.desiren.渴望vt.想要

[重点用法]

desiresth.渴望得到某物

desiretodosth.希望/渴望做某事

desirethatsb.(should)do要求……

haveadesireforsth./todosth.渴望得到某物/希望做某事

atone’sdesire照某人的希望

[典例]

1)Wealldesirehappinessandhealth.我们都希望幸福健康。

2)Everyonehasadesireforsuccess,butnoeveryonedesiretogetrich.每个人都渴望成功,但并非人人都渴望金钱。

3)Hedesiresyoutogotoseehimatonce.他要求你马上去见他。

=hedesiresthatyoushouldgotoseehimatonce.

[练习]汉译英

1)他想受到大学教育。

___________________________________________________________________________________

2)他们要我快点回来。

___________________________________________________________________________________

3)我请他立即回信。

___________________________________________________________________________________

4)她要你立即见她。

___________________________________________________________________________________

5)她应邀演奏了一曲。

Keys:1)Hedesiredacollegeeducation.2)Theydesiremetoreturnsoon.3)Idesireanimmediateanswerofhis.4)Shedesiresthatyou(should)seeheratonce.5)Sheplayedapieceatothers’desire/bydesire.2.satisfactionn.满意

[重点用法]

satisfactoryn.满意的,

satisfyv.满足,使满意,

demandsatisfaction要求赔偿;

feelsatisfactionat...对感到满意

findsatisfactionin对...感到满意

tosb.ssatisfaction(tothesatisfactionofsb.)达到使某人满意的程度

withsatisfaction满意地

[典例]

1)Atlast,thewholeclassfoundsatisfactionintheirwork.最终,全班都对他们的工作感到满意。

2)Whathepromisedcouldnotsatisfyhisfamily.他的许诺并未能使他的家人满意。

[练习]汉译英

1)买到想要的东西,她满意地离开了超市。

___________________________________________________________________________________

2)他的试验结果似乎令人满意。

___________________________________________________________________________________

3)这些条件中你至少要符合一项,否则就不能成为本俱乐部的会员。

___________________________________________________________________________________

Keys:1)Havingboughtwhatshewanted,sheleftthesupermarketwithsatisfaction.2)Theresultofhistestseemedtobesatisfactory.3)Ifyoudon’tsatisfyatleastoneoftheconditions,youcan’tbecomeamemberofourclub.3.alarmn.警报vt.使```惊恐

[重点用法]

give/raisethealarm发警报

ringthealarm敲警钟

soundthealarm发警报;吹警报号

take(the)alarmat对...感到吃惊;因...而惊恐

bealarmedat...被...吓一跳

[典例]找教案http://

1)Weweremuchalarmedbythefireintheforest.森林失火使我们大为惊慌。

2)Assoonashesawthesmoke,hesoundedthealarm.看见火灾爆发,他鸣响了警报。

[练习]汉译英

1)看到孩子们在返校时遭遇车祸的消息,家长们感到很害怕。

___________________________________________________________________________________

2)看到大火,社区的居民发出警报。

___________________________________________________________________________________

Keys:1)Theparentstookthealarmatthenewsthattheirchildrencaughtatrafficaccidencewhenretuningtheschool.2)Theresidentsinthecommunityraisedthealarmwhenseeingthegreatfire.4.sympathyn.同情

[重点用法]

feel/havesympathyfor同情某人

insympathywith同情;赞成;和...一致

outofsympathywith对...不同情;不赞成;对...没有同感,和...不一致

winsympathyof博得...的同情

[典例]

1)Hegavethepoorchildsomemoneyoutofsympathy.出于同情,他给了这个穷孩子一点钱。

2)Heisinsympathywiththeirbeliefs.他与他们的信仰一致.

[练习]汉译英

1)听完这个故事,他对她目前的情况深感同情。

___________________________________________________________________________________

2)通过描述他悲惨的童年,他赢得路人的同情。

___________________________________________________________________________________

Keys:1)Afterhearingthestory,hefeltsympathyforherpresentsituation.2)Hewonthesympathyofpassers-bybydescribinghismiserablechildhood.5.accompanyvt.陪伴

[重点用法]

accompanysb.toaplace陪伴某人去某地

accompanysth.with/bysth.与…同时存在

[典例]

1)Heaccompaniedhisoldfathertothehospitaltoseewhat’swrongwithhisstomach.他陪他的老父亲去医院查看胃部出了什么问题。

2)Thundersaccompaniedbyheavyraininthisseasonareverycommon.这个季节,雷鸣常常伴有大雨。[练习]汉译英

1)总统出现了被六个健壮的保镖护随着。

___________________________________________________________________________________

2)回到家乡,他的老同学们陪着他参观了这个城市。

___________________________________________________________________________________

Keys:1)Thepresidentappearedandwasaccompaniedbysixstrongbodyguards.2)Whenretuninghometown,hewasshownaroundthecityaccompaniedbyhisoldclassmates.6.declarevt.宣布

[重点用法]

declaresth.宣布……

declaresb./sth.(tobe)+n./adj.宣布……为……

declarethat

declarewaron/upon对…宣战

declareagainst/for…声明反对/赞成

[典例]

1)Shedeclaredthatshedidntwanttoseehimagain.她宣称她再也不愿见到他。

2)Soontheywilldeclarehimtheownerofthehouse.很快他们就会宣布他为房子的主人。

3)Thegovernmentpassedalawthatdeclareditillegaltocatchandsellthiskindofanimals.

政府通过法律宣布捕捉贩卖这种动物是非法的。

[练习]汉译英

1)那个女明星最近宣称要嫁给一个富人然后退出舞台。

___________________________________________________________________________________

2)公司宣布老板的儿子依法成为公司继承人。

___________________________________________________________________________________

Keys:1)Thepopularactressdeclaredrecentlythatshewouldmarryarichgentlemanandretirefromthestage.2)Thecompanydeclaredthesonofthebosstobethesuccessorbylaw.7.envyvt.嫉妒

[重点用法]

envysb.sth.妒忌/羡慕某人某物

becometheenvyofsb.成为令人嫉妒/羡慕的事物

beinenvyofone’ssuccess羡慕某人的成功

outofenvy出于嫉妒/羡慕

[典例]

1)Allherworkmatesenviedher(for)herpromotion.所有的同事都羡慕她的晋升。

2)Histalentformusicbecomestheenvyoftheothercompetitors.他在音乐方面的天分让其他人对手感到羡慕。

[练习]汉译英

1)他们的新房子受到邻居的羡慕。

___________________________________________________________________________________

2)出于妒忌,他作了伪证

___________________________________________________________________________________

Keys:1)Theirnewhousemadethemtheenvyoftheirneighbors.2)Hemadethefaultwitnessoutofenvy.

V重点词组(旨在提供综合运用所需材料)

1.testout考验;试验

[典例]

1)Thismodelhadbeentestedoutbeforeitwasputintoproduction.这个型号经过试验后才进行大批量生产。

2)Beforethelecture,theprofessorisusedtotestingoutthewholeexperiment.上课前,这个教授习惯先将整个实验试验一番。

[短语归纳]

testonsb./sth.在……(身上)做实验/试验

have/takeatestin参加……考试找教案http://

[练习]汉译英

1)成千上万的人们将参加这周日的公务员考试。

___________________________________________________________________________________

2)那个咨询顾问习惯先将新的政策在他自己的公司里进行实验。

___________________________________________________________________________________

Keys:1)TensofthousandsofpeoplewilltakeanentrancetestforgovernmentofficersthisSunday.2)Theconsultantwouldtestthenewpolicyonhisowncompanyfirst.2.ringup打电话给……

[短语归纳]

ringback回电话

ringoff挂断电话;停止讲话

ringabell唤醒经常是模糊的记忆

ringupthecurtain开始:开始一场演出,一个事件或一次行动

[典例]

1)Ihavetoringoffnowbecausemyfriendiswaitingforme.我朋友在等我,我得挂电话了。

2)Onarrivingattheairport,heranguphismothertosayeverythingwasok.一到达机场,他就打电话给他母亲报平安。

[练习]汉译英

1)今早他刚起床就有人给他打电话了。

___________________________________________________________________________________

2)见到老板进来,他赶紧挂断电话假装在工作。

___________________________________________________________________________________

Keys:1)Themomenthegotupthismorning,someoneranghimup.2)Seeinghisbosscoming,hehurriedtoringoffandpretendedtobeworking.3.turnaround转向

[典例]

1)Heheardavoicebutwhenheturnedaround,hesawnobody.他听到声音,但转身却没发现有人。

2)Ashewalkedtowardsthehotel,hesuddenlyturnedaroundandfoundanoldladyfollowinghim.当他朝旅馆走去时,突然转身发现一个老妇人跟着他。

[短语归纳]

turnaway把(脸)转过去

turnagainst背叛,反抗

turnon/off打开/关掉

turnup出现/调大(音量)

turndown拒绝,调小(音量)

turnout结果是;证明是;

[练习]汉译英

1)那年轻的女士无法想象要是她的丈夫背叛她的话会是怎么样。

___________________________________________________________________________________

2)虽然贫穷,但是女孩毅然地拒绝了别人的帮助。

___________________________________________________________________________________

Keys:1)Theyoungladycannotimaginewhatifherhusbandturnsagainsther.2)Thoughpoor,thegirlturneddownothers’helpfirmly.4.leave…alone不打扰

[短语归纳]

leavebehind留下,遗留

leaveaside(把某事)搁置一边

leavefor出发前往

leaveout省去,遗漏,不考虑

[典例]

1)Leavehimaloneandhewillproduce.别打扰他,他会写出来的。

2)Hewasaskedtoleaveforanothercityin24hours.他被要求24小时内离开到另一个城市去。

3)Theteacherrequiredustoleaveoutsomeunnecessarywordsinouressays.老师让我们将论文中不必要的词语省去。

4)Youshouldn’thaveleftAndyaloneinthemountains;itwasverydangerous.你不该将Andy留在山上,因为那非常危险。

[练习]汉译英

1)老板捐款潜逃了,只留下一间空厂房。

___________________________________________________________________________________

2)听到警报,警察丢下家人冲出去看发生了什么事。

___________________________________________________________________________________

Keys:1)Thebossescapedwithallhisfortuneandleftanemptyfactorybehind.2)Hearingthealarm,thepolicemanlefthisfamilybehindandrushedouttoseewhathappened.5.setaside将……放在一边;节省或保留(时间,金钱)

[短语归纳]

setdown写下,记下

setoff开始动身(foraplace)

setup创立,建立,搭起

setout出发,着手做某事(todosth.)

setaboutdoing着手做,开始做……

[典例]

1)Wouldyoupleasesetasidesometimetolistentomyrealidea?你可以腾出点时间听听我的想法吗?

2)Thedepartmentsetasidethethingstheyweredoingandconcentratedonamoreurgenttask.这个部门的成员放下手头的事情,全力以赴一项更紧急的任务.

[练习]汉译英找教案http://

1)父亲放下报纸点了一支烟。

___________________________________________________________________________________

2)他努力工作省下钱给他儿子上大学。

___________________________________________________________________________________

Keys:1)Fathersetasidethenewspaperandlitacigarette.2)Heisworkinghardtosetasidesomemoneyforhissontogotocollege.6.beboundto一定做……

[典例]

1)Wemissedthebus.Wereboundtobelate.我们错过了那趟车,我们肯定要迟到了。

2)Shesboundtobemayor.她注定会成为市长。

[练习]汉译英

1)他那么用功,一定会成功的。

____________________________________________________________________________________

2)这项新发现对于人类必定大有用处。

____________________________________________________________________________________

Keys:1)Withmuchhardwork,heisboundtosucceed.2)Thenewdiscoveryisboundtobeofgreatservicetomankind.

VI重点句子(旨在提供句子结构等所需材料)

1.Clairedidn’twanttherobotinherhouse,especiallyasherhusbandwouldbeabsentforthreeweeks,butLarrypersuadedherthattherobotwouldn’tharmherorallowhertobeharmed.

克莱尔并不想把机器人留在家里,特别是在她丈夫离加三周的这个期间。但是,克莱尔被拉里说服了。他说,机器人不会伤害她,也不会让别人来伤害她。

[解释]tobeharmed:动词不定式的被动语态。

[典例]

1)AllthesegiftsmustbemailedimmediatelysoastobereceivedintimeforChristmas.所有的这些礼物必须及时邮寄,以便在圣诞节及时收到。

2)ItremainstobeseenwhetherJim’llbefitenoughtoplayinthefinals.吉姆最后是否适合演出仍将拭目以待。

[练习]汉译英

1)小汤姆假装被射中了哭喊着要糖吃。2)此药得一日三次,饭后服用。

___________________________________________________________________________________

Keys:1)LittleTompretendedtobeshotandcriedforacandy.2)Themedicineisrequiredtobetakenthreetimesadayaftermeals.2.Assheturnedaround,therestoodGladysClaffern.当他转过身时,(她发现)Gladys站在那儿。

[解释]therestoodGladysClaffern倒装句。在谓语为动词go,come,run,stand,live等表示位置转移的动词及be动词的句子中,为了强调句子中一些副词there,here,up,down,in,out,away等,可将副词置于句首,若这时主语是名词,句子用全倒装;若是代词,则不用倒装。

[典例]

1)Therecomestheteacherandherstudents.老师和她的学生们来了。

2)Outrushedtheboys.男孩们冲了出去。找教案http://

[练习]汉译英

1)年轻的母亲抱着手里两个月大的婴儿跑开了。

___________________________________________________________________________________

2)走进来了生气的老板和他的秘书。

___________________________________________________________________________________

Keys:1)Awayranthemotherwithatwo-month-oldbabyinherarms.2)Incametheangrybossandhissecretary.3.Asimovbeganhavingstoriespublishedinsciencefictionmagazinesin1939.1939年,阿西莫夫开始在科幻杂志上发表文章。

[解释]

havesth.done表示“请某人做某事”,或“遭遇到某事”(宾语与宾补为被动关系)

havesb.do让某人做……

havesb./sth.doing让……不停地做……

[典例]

1)Wehadourphototakenbyapasser-by.我们请了个过路人给我们照相。

2)Becareful.It’seasytohaveyourpocketpickedinacrowdlikethis.小心点,在这样的人群中容易被偷。

3)Thecoachhasusdoingthesamethingallday.It’sboring.教练让我们整天做同样的事情,真乏味

4)Asyouhaveneverbeentherebefore,I’llhavesomeoneshowyoutheway.既然你以前没去过,那我找人带你去。

[练习]汉译英

1)与对手角逐时,他大腿受伤了不得不放弃比赛。

___________________________________________________________________________________

2)残忍的老板让他的工人们整天工作。

___________________________________________________________________________________

3)班主任让班长他不在时管理班级。

___________________________________________________________________________________

Keys:1)Whenstrugglingwiththecompetitor,hehadhislegbrokenandhadtogiveupthematch.2)Thecruelbosshadhisemployeesworkingallthemorning.3)Theheadteacherhadthemonitormanagethewholeclasswhenhewasabsence.二、课文要点

1课文词汇等填空(旨在复习本课文中的单词拼写和主要词语等)

根据课文内容完成下面语法填空,注意单词拼写和词语用法:

Arobotusedforhouseworkwastested1inafamily.Helookedlikeatallandhandsomemanwithsmoothblackhair,2(speak)inadeepvoice.Larrywasgoingtobeawayfromhomesohehiredsucharobotto3(陪伴)hiswifeClaire.Clairedidn’tliketheideaatthebeginning,butshe4toitatlast.AtthefirstsightofTony,Clairefeltembarrassed.5(渐渐地),TonybegantowinClaire’strust.HehelpedClairerealizeherdreams6makingherhomeelegant,givingheranewhaircut,changingthemakeupsheworeandgivingheradviceonherdresses.Thereforeatthepartyallsheguests7wereinvitedwerefilledwithadmiration8theysawherhousewascompletelychanged.9thetest,thecompanywassatisfiedwithTony’sreportbecausehehadsuccessfullymadeawomanregainherconfidence10fallinlovewithhim.答案:1.out2.speaking3.accompany4.agreed5.Gradually6.by7.who

8.when9.After10.and2课文大意概括(旨在训练用30个单词概括大意的能力)

阅读课文,试着用30个单词概括课文大意,再比较答案

在Clair家接受测试的机器人Tony能帮上她很多忙。Clair渐渐地爱上了他因为他是如此完美的一个人。这使得这个机器人不得不再重新组装。

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

答案:Tony,arobotwhichwastestedoutinClair’sfamilycouldhelpedClairealot.ClairegraduallyfellinlovewithTonybecausehewassuchaperfectman,whichcausedtherobottoberebuilt.3课文佳句背诵与仿写(旨在培养对难句的理解和运用能力)

1.Hewastallandhandsomewithsmoothhairandadeepvoicealthoughhisfacialexpressionneverchanged.

他虽然面部表情毫无变化,但是个子高大、相貌英俊,头发平整,声音低沉浑厚。

[模仿要点]描写人物时使用多种修饰语

她是个善良可爱的小姑娘园园的脸,大大的眼睛,雪白的牙齿,留着波浪般的长发

______________________________________________________________________________

答案:Sheisakindandlovelygirl,witharoundface,bigeyes,whiteteethandlongwavinghair.
他是个长相很滑稽的男人,长长的胡须而没有头发

______________________________________________________________________________

答案:Heisafunny-lookingman,withathickmoustachebutnohairleft.
找教案http://

2.AlsoshefeltherhomewasntelegantenoughforsomeonelikeLarrywhowantedtoimprovehissocialposition.还有对于像拉里这样很想提高社会地位的人来说,她的家也不够高雅。

[模仿要点]Ais+adjforsomeonelikeBwho-从句

对于像他的班长那样想考入名牌大学的人来说,Tom觉得自己还不够勤奋。

______________________________________________________________________________

答案:Tomthinkshehimselfisn’tdiligentenoughforsomeonelikehismonitorwhowishestoenterafamousuniversity2yearslater.

对于像他的哥哥那样想成为一名大作家的人来说,John觉得自己还不够聪明。

______________________________________________________________________________

答案:Johnfelthehimselfisnotcleverenoughforsomeonelikehisbrotherwhowantstobeafamouswriter.3.IsaacAsimovwasAmericanscientistandwriterwhowrotearound480booksthatincludedmysterystories,scienceandhistorybooks,andevenbooksabouttheHolyBibleandShakespeare.艾萨克·阿西莫夫是美国的科学家兼作家,他写过480本书,包括怪诞小说,科学和历史方面的书,甚至还写过有关圣经和莎士比亚的书。

[模仿要点]句子结构:一个复合句中含有两个定语从句

卓别林是一位伟大的演员,他饰演了70多部电影,其中包括了无声电影和有声电影。

_______________________________________________________________________________

答案:Chaplinisanoutstandingactorwhomademorethan70filmsthatincludesilentfilmsandsoundfilms.在过去或将来,这本书都是我们心灵的礼物,它记载了带来欢笑的瞬间和许多催人泪下的瞬间。

____________________________________________________________________

答案:Thisbookisagiftforoursoul,whichrecordsboththemomentsthatcouldbringjoyandthemomentsthatcouldbringtears,inthepresentandthepast.

三、单元自测

1完形填空

阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从21—30各题所给的A、B、C和D项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

词数:233

完成时间:14分钟

难度:***

Iconsidermyselfsomethingofanexpertonapologies.Aquicktemperhasprovidedmewithplentyofopportunitiestomakethem.Inoneofmyearliest21,mymotheristellingme,"Dontwatchthe22whenyousay,Imsorry.Holdyourheadupandlookthepersoninthe23,sohellknowyoumeanit."

Mymotherthusmadethekeypointofasuccessfulapology:itmustbedirect.Youmustnever24tobedoingsomethingelse.Youdonotlookthroughapileofletterswhileapologizingtoaperson25inpositionafterblaminghimorherforamistakethatturnedouttobeyourfault.Youdonotapologizetoahostess,whoseguestofhonoryoutreat26,bysendingflowersthenextdaywithoutmentioningyourbadmanners.

Oneoftheimportantthingsyoushoulddoforaneffectiveapologyisreadinessto27theresponsibilityforourcarelessmistakes.Weareusedtomakingexcuses,whichleavesno28fortheotherpersontoforgiveus.Sincemostpeopleareopen-hearted,theno-excuseapologyleavesbothpartiesfeeling29aboutthemselves.That,afterall,isthepurposeofeveryapology.It30littlewhethertheapologizeriswhollyoronlypartlyatfault:answeringforonesactionsencouragesotherstotaketheirshareoftheblame.

21.A.dreamsB.coursesC.memoriesD.ideas

22.A.sideB.groundC.wallD.bottom

23.A.mindB.soulC.faceD.eye

24.A.pretendB.forgetC.refuseD.expect

25.A.poorerB.weakerC.worseD.lower

26.A.cruellyB.freelyC.roughlyD.foolishly

27.A.raiseB.performC.admitD.bear

28.A.situationB.needC.signD.room

29.A.wiserB.warmerC.betterD.cleverer

30.A.caresB.mattersC.dependsD.remains

[答案解析]

21.C名词词义辨析。紧接着的就是作者回忆出来的内容。

22.B与后面提到的“要抬起头”正好相反。

23.D道歉时看着对方的眼睛,以示真诚,在这一点上中西方是一样的。

24.A动词词义辨析。根据常识选定。

25.D词语搭配。职位一般论的是高、低。

26.C副词词词义辨析。roughly此处表示对待客人不礼貌,服务不到位。

27.D词语搭配。beartheresponsibility承担责任。

28.D名词词义辨析。leavenoroom不留余地。

29.Cbetter表示“心情更舒畅”。未找借口的道歉,即真诚的道歉,对方的感觉一定很好。

30.B道歉者是全部还是部分承担责任这些都不太重要:关键是为所作所为主动负责,这也能促使别人共同承担责任。

2语法填空

阅读下面短文,按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求,在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空,并将答案填写在答题卡标号为31-40的相应位置上。

词数:147

完成时间:7分钟

难度:***

Theoriginsofthemusicareas31(interest)asthemusicitself.Jazz32(invent)byAmericanNegroes,orblacks,astheyarecalledtoday,33werebroughttotheSouthernstatesasslaves.Theyweresoldtofarmownersand34(force)toworklonghoursinthecottonandtobaccofields.35aNegrodied,36friendsandrelativeswouldgatherandcarrythebodytohaveaceremony37theyburiedhim.Therewasalwaysabandwiththem.Onthewaytotheceremonythebandplayedslow,solemnmusic38(suit)forthesituation.Butonthewayhomethemoodchanged.Spiritslifted.Everyonewashappy.Death39(remove)oneoftheirmembers,but40livingweregladtobealive.Thebandplayedhappymusic.Thismusicmadeeveryonewanttodance.ItwasanearlyformofJazz.

答案:

31.interesting32.wasinvented33.who34.forced35.When36.his37.before

38.suitable39.hadremoved40.the

31.interesting.令人有趣的……

32.wasinvented.Jazz是过去被黑人发明的,所以用一般过去时的被动语态。

33.who.引导一个定语从句,指代前面的AmericanNegroes,orblacks,在从句中作主语。

34.forced.与前面的“theyweresold并列,省略了theywere。

35.When.引导一个时间状语从句。

36.his.根据这句话的最后一个单词him可以得知答案。

37.before.仪式是在埋葬死人之前举行的,所以用before。

38.suitable.(be)suitblefor固定搭配,形容词短语作后置定语,修饰前面的slow,solemnmusic。

39.hadremoved.因为remove这个动作发生在过去动作changed,1ifted,washappy,wereglad等的前面,所以要过去完成时。

40.the.the十adj.表—类人,theliving指“活着的人”。

3阅读理解

阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

词数:335

完成时间:7分钟

难度:****

AbadWorkingMemory(大脑的工作记忆)–thebrainstemporarystoragebox--mayexplain,newresearchsuggests,whyonechildcannotreadhisorherhistorybookandanothergetslostinmath.Asmanyas10percentofschool-agechildrenmaysufferfrompoorworkingmemory.Britishresearcherssaidinareportlastweek,yettheproblemisrarelyidentified.找教案http://

"Youcanthinkofworkingmemoryasapuremeasureofyourchildspotential.ManypsychologistsconsiderworkingmemorytobethenewIQ(智商),becausewefindthatworkingmemoryisoneofthemostimportantpredictors(预示物)oflearningability,saidDr.TraceyAllowayofBritain’sDurhamUniversity.

Manychildrenwithpoorworkingmemoryareconsideredlazyordull.Workingmemoryallowspeopletoholdintheirmindsanddealwithafewitems,suchastelephonenumbers,overashortperiodoftime.Allowaycomparesworkingmemorytoabox.Foradults,thebasicboxsizeisthoughttobethreetofiveitems.Itsimportant,therefore,toputintherightthings.Irrelevant(不相关的)informationwillclutterworkingmemory.

Thequestionmanyresearchersarestrugglingwithishowtohelpchildrenwiththisproblem,whichappearstobeclosely,relatedtoalackofattention.

"Inchildrenwithlearningdifficulties,itbecomesahugeissue,especiallyaroundmiddleschool,whenthedemandsonworkingmemoryreallygrow,"saidDr.MelLevine,co-founderofAllKindsofMinds,anonprofitorganizationinNorthCarolinathatstudieslearningdifficulties.

Memorytrainingmayhelpimproveworkingmemory.Allowayhasatoolthatallowsteacherstoassess(评定)theworking-memorycapacityofchildrenasyoungas4;ithasbeenusedin35schoolsacrossBritain.

Levine’sorganizationtrainsteachersthroughaprogramcalledSchoolsAttuned,whichisworkingwithseveralthousandschoolsacrosstheUnitedStates,CanadaandEurope.Whileheisnotsureworkingmemorycanbeexpanded,Levinesaidchildrencanbetaughtwaystodobetterinschool.

41.Whichofthefollowingisacharacteristicofworkingmemory?

A.Ithasalimitedcapacity.

B.Itisusuallybetterinchildrenthanadults.

C.Itimproveswithuse.

D.Itcancausealackofattention.

42.Accordingtothenewresearch,___________.

A.theimportanceofworkingmemoryhasbeenlongrecognized

B.workingmemoryisbecomingrecognizedasafactorinintelligence

C.lazinesscanweakenworkingmemory

D.workingmemoryhelpspeoplerememberthingsforever

43.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"clutter"inParagraph3probablymean?

A.Change.B.Improve.C.Strengthen.D.Confuse.

44.Whichofthefollowingmayhelpimproveachildsworkingmemory?

A.Expandingthebrainsstoragebox.

B.Trainingthememory.

C.Rememberingmorethings.

D.Beingremindedfrequently.

45.Accordingtothepassage,Dr.MelLevinehas___________.

A.inventedtoolstohelpimproveachildsworkingmemory

B.foundedanorganizationtotrainteacherstohelpstudentswiththisproblem

C.identifiedtheproblemclearly

D.comparedworkingmemorytoabox

答案:

本文介绍了学习障碍儿童(如数学障碍儿童)大脑的“工作记忆”容量方面的研究情况。大脑的“工作记忆”不好,会使孩子不能专心读书,百分之十的孩子有这方面的问题。很多心理学家认为应该把大脑的“工作记忆”可以看作是一种新智商,因为它可以反映人的学习能力。Alloway把大脑的“工作记忆”比作一个盒子,并认为它的容量是有限的。文章还告诉我们记忆训练可以帮助改善“工作记忆”。

41.A。事实细节题。根据第三段中的“Allowaycomparesworkingmemorytoabox.Foradults,thebasicboxsizeisthoughttobethreetofiveitems.”可知人的“工作记忆”就像一个盒子,它的容量是有限的。

42.B。推理判断题。根据第二段的“ManypsychologistsconsiderworkingmemorytobethenewIQ,becausewefindthatworkingmemoryisoneofthemostimportantpredictorsoflearningability”可知,很多心理学家认为workingmemory是一种新的智商,因为研究者发现workingmemory是衡量一个人学习能力的最重要的指标之一,因此可以把它看作是预测孩子智力的一个重要因素。

43.D。猜测词义题。根据第三段可知人的workingmemory是有限的,因此要去记那些重要的信息,不相关的信息只会使记忆更加混乱,所以选D。

44.B。事实细节题。根据倒数第二段第一句“Memorytrainingmayhelpimproveworkingmemory.”可知进行记忆训练会有助于改善“工作记忆”,因此B正确。

45.B。事实细节题。根据最后一段第一句“Levine’sorganizationtrainsteachersthroughaprogramcalledSchoolsAttuned”可知,Levine成立一个组织,这个组织培训老师,然后让老师们帮助学生改善“工作记忆”。

4.读写任务

阅读下面一篇一位美国朋友希望找个中国大学生作为游伴的博客短文,然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。

Im19-year-old,namedBoobiSmith,ayoungcollegestudentfromUSA.IherebyearnestlyinviteaChineseyoungcollegestudentpreferringtomakeathree-weektouringtripwithmeinChina.

Myplan,basedonsometravellinginformationontheInternet,istosetoffnextweekendwhenthesummervacationofficiallybegins.ThefirststopisKunming,theworld-renownedcityforitsbeautyandmildtemperature.Wellgettherebytrainandstaytherefor2days,andthenwellheadforJinggangshan,aformerrevolutionarybaseaswellasanaturalbeautyspot.Aftera3-dayvisitthere,wewilltakealong-distancecoachtoanearbyportcitybytheChangjiangRiverandboardadownstreamshiptoShanghai,sothatwecanenjoythegreatsceneryalongsidethethirdlongestriverintheworld.Aseverybodyknows,ShanghaiisthebusiestandfastestdevelopingcityinChina.Idliketohavealookatitsprosperity,sothestaytherewillbeabouthalfaweek.A4-dayvisittothesetwocitiesnearShanghaiisamust.Alltogether,ourtripwilllastaboutthreeweeks.

Ionlyexpectthatmytravel-matecouldsplittheexpenseswithme,andtalkwithmeinEnglish,andheorshewouldbeanexcellentguide.

Thoseinterestedpleasecontactmethroughemail(SmithBoobie@ssnet.com).

[写作内容]

假如你叫李华,是一名就读大学生。你想和Boobie结伴同游。你写一封电子邮件和他联系,

谈谈你对这次同游的计划的打算,内容要点包括:

1.以约30个词概括Boobie的博客短文的要点;

2.然后以约120个词谈谈你对这次同游计划的打算,内容包括:

(1)对Boobie这次中国之游的感受;

(2)对Boobie的日程安排、费用分担情况和相关要求表示赞同,并说明赞同理由;

(3)你对Boobie来华旅游的祝愿和希望。

[写作要求]

1.作文中可使用自己的亲身经历或虚构的故事,也可以参照阅读材料的内容,但不得直接引用

原文中的句子;邮件的开头、结尾已写好。

2.作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。

[评分标准]概括准确,语言规范,内容合适,篇章连贯:

[写作辅导]

1.写作有可能用到的主要短语和单词:中国之旅thejourneyinChina,安排arrangeforsth.

2.本文的概要必须包含以下要点:IherebyearnestlyinviteaChineseyoungcollegestudentpreferringtomakeathree-weektouringtripwithmeinChina./Myplan,basedonsometravelinginformationontheInternet,istosetoffnextweekend..../Ionlyexpectthatmytravel-matecouldsplittheexpenseswithme,andtalkwithmeinEnglish,andheorshewouldbeanexcellentguide.

3.本文要注意,概要一定要根据文段的时态来写。同时,绝对不能抄袭原文的句子。文章对Boobie的日程安排、费用分担情况和相关要求表示赞同,并说明赞同理由;对Boobie这次中国之游的感受;对Boobie来华旅游的祝愿和希望等内容,属于评论性文字和结论性的观点,故用一般现在时或一般将来时态。

DearBoobie,

Hi,IamaChinesecollegestudent.Inyourblog,

________________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________________

答案:DearBoohie,

Hi,IamaChinesecollegestudent.Inyourblog,Iknowthatyouwantatravel-matewhowillgowithyoutohaveathree-weektripinChina.Youalsooffermesomeinformationindetailsaboutthetravelplanandotherrequirementsaboutthistrip.

Iamabsolutelydelightedtogetsuchatravel-matefromtheUSA.Youcanenjoythebeautyofourcountry.Meanwhile,youwillbemygoodhelpertomyEnglishstudy.

Ishareyouropinionaboutyourplan.IhaveneverbeentoKunming,Jianggangshan,theChangjiangRiverandShanghai.ThisismyfirsttripwithanativeEnglishspeakertotravelinChina,whichisofgreathelptoimprovemyEnglish.IalsoliketosharetheexpenseswithyoubecauseIdontneedtoaskmyparentsformoremoney.AndIhaveworkedasapart-timeguidefortwoyearsduringmycollegelife,soIwillbeyouridealguide.

Iamlookingforwardtoyourreply,andyouwillenjoyyourjourneyinChina.

YoursTruly,

LiHua

高考英语Unit2Robots复习专项教案


Unit2Robots
教材面面观
单词拓展
1.________n.渴望;欲望;渴求 vt.希望得到;想要
________adj.想要的;渴望的
2.________vt.使警觉;使惊恐;惊动 n.警报;惊恐
________adj.担心的;害怕的
3.________n.同情(心) ________adj.同情的,有同情心的
4.________n.喜爱,恩惠 vt.喜爱;偏袒 ________adj.讨人喜欢的,有利的,造成的
5.________n.堆;摞;叠; vi.堆起,堆积 vt.把……堆起,积聚
6.________vt.细看;仔细检查;粗略地看;浏览;扫描
7.________vt.陪伴;伴奏 ________n.伴唱者;伴奏者
8.________n.事务;事情;暧昧关系
9.________vt.宣布;声明;表明;宣称 ________n.宣言,宣告
10.________vt.忌妒;羡慕 ________adj.妒忌的,羡慕的
11.________n.全体员工;手杖 ________n.职员;报刊编辑人员
12.________adj.较年幼的;资历较浅的;等级较低的 n.年少者;晚辈;等级较低者
13.________n.天才;特殊能力;才干 ________adj.天资高的;有才能的
14.________n.离婚;断绝关系 vt.与……离婚;与……脱离
________n.离了婚的人
15.________vt.vi.服从;顺从 ________vt.vi.不服从;违抗 ________n.服从;顺从 ________adj.服从的;顺从的
短语回顾
1.test________ 试验;考验
2.turn________转向;回转
3.takesth.________认真对待……
4.________aside将……放在一边;为……节省或保留(钱或时间)
5.be________to一定做
6.ring________给……打电话
7.leave...________不管;别惹;让……一个人待着;
和……单独在一起
8.prevent...________...阻止/防止……
9.________inlovewith爱上……
10.search________寻找
句型背诵
1.Asimovhadbothanextraordinaryimaginationthatgavehimtheabilitytoexplorefutureworldsandanamazingmind________whichhesearchedforexplanationsofeverythinginthepresentandthepast.
阿西莫夫既有探索未来世界的非凡想象力,又有寻求现在和过去万物根源的惊人头脑。
2.Assheturnedaround,________stoodGladysClaffern.
当她转身时,她发现格拉迪斯克拉凡就站在身旁。
3.Asimovbeganhavingstories________insciencefictionmagazinesin1939.
阿西莫夫于1939年起开始在科幻杂志上发表他写的故事。
4....—youcannot________________________inlovewithmachines.
……——总不能让女人与机器相爱吧。
5.Sheshouted“________________________!”andrantoherbed.
她高声嚷着:“让我独自待一会儿!”就跑上床。
自我诊断
单词拓展
1.desire;desirous 2.alarm;alarmed 3.sympathy;sympathetic 4.favour;favourable 5.pile 6.scan
7.accompany;accompanist 8.affair 9.declare;declaration 10.envy;envious 11.staff;staffer 12.junior 13.talent;talented 14.divorce;divorcee 15.obey;disobey;obedience;obedient
短语回顾
1.out 2.around 3.seriously 4.set 5.bound 6.up
7.alone 8.from 9.fall 10.for
句型背诵
1.with 2.there 3.published 4.havewomenfalling
5.Leavemealone
考点串串讲
重点单词
1.satisfactionn.满意,满足,实现
Shelaughedhersatisfaction.
她以笑表示满意。
Hecomplainsthathisjobgiveshimnosatisfaction.
他抱怨他的工作不能使他满意。
Hiselectionwasagreatsatisfactiontoallconcerned.
他的当选于所有有关人士都觉得很满意。
●用法拓展
toonessatisfaction令某人满意的是
withsatisfaction满意地
satisfyv.满意;使满足
Wewilltryourbesttosatisfyyou.
我们将尽力使您满意。
satisfiedadj.感到满意的
besatisfiedwith对某人或某事感到满意
Weareallsatisfiedwiththefinalresult.
我们都对最终的结果感到满意。
即境活用
单项填空
①Iam________withtheresultoftheexamination;thisisa________resulttoeveryone.
A.satisfactory;satisfied
B.satisfied;satisfactory
C.satisfaction;satisfy
D.satisfying;satisfactory
②________,hewonhonourforhiscountryatlast.
A.Tomymuchsatisfaction
B.Tomygreatsatisfy
C.Muchtomysatisfaction
D.Greattomysatisfy
答案:①B ②C
2.declarevt.宣布,宣告;声明;断言,宣称;vi.申报
Hedeclaredthatthemeetinghasbeenpostponed.
他宣布会议已延期了。
Hedeclared(that)hewasright.
他力陈他是对的。
Heshoulddeclareatcustoms.
他应该报关。
●用法拓展
declareagainst声明反对
declarefor宣布支持……
declaregoods报货清单
declarewaragainst向(某国)宣战
●易混辨析
declare与announce
declare指公开场合表明对某事物的态度或指官方或权威者公开郑重地宣布某事。
announce指公布公众感兴趣的事情,内容有知识性或权威性,如商品、生产、喜讯等消息。
即境活用
单项填空
①We________thearrivalofflightAB987fromTangiers.
A.announce B.declare
C.announcedD.declared
②I________themeeting________.
A.declare;close
B.declare;closed
C.announce;close
D.announce;closed
答案:①A ②B 
3.desiren.渴望;欲望;渴求vt.想要;希望得到
Wealldesirehealthandhappiness.
我们都渴望健康和幸福。
Sheismyheartsdesire.
她是我心中渴望得到的人。
Itsimpossibletosatisfyalltheirdesires.
使他们所有的欲望都得到满足是不可能的。
●用法拓展
desirevt.渴望,希望,想要,后接名词、不定式或从句
desiresth.渴望,想要某物
desiretodosth.希望做
desiresb.todosth.希望某人做
desirethat期望……
desirableadj.值得要的,令人满意的,称心的
Hehasnodesireforwealth.
他对财富无欲望。
Myparentsdesiremetoenterakeyuniversity.
我父母要我上一所重点大学。
Theyalldesiredthatthematter(should)bediscussedfurther.
他们一致希望进一步商讨此事。
Itsdesirableforyoutobepresent.=Itsdesirablethatyou(should)bepresent.
希望你能出席。
●易混辨析
desire和long
①desire指愿望,希望,是一个正式的用语。着重指怀着某种急切的心情,盼望达成某一目的或得到某种东西。一般来说,这种愿望可以实现。有时还表示较为温和的命令,因其本身是及物动词,可直接带宾语。
②long意为渴望、极想,侧重表示很难或不可能得到的东西,常构成longtodosth.(极想做某事)或longforsth.(渴望某物)。
●温馨提示
当desire作动词后接宾语从句,以及desire作名词后接同位语从句或表语从句时,that从句中的谓语动词常用虚拟语气should+动词原形,且should可省略。
Itisdesiredthatthisrule(should)bebroughttotheattentionofallthemembers.
要求这一规定必须引起所有成员的注意。
即境活用
单项填空
Thepeopletrappedintheruinsdesirethatrescueteams________herewithoutdelay.
A.besentB.issent
C.hasbeensentD.wassent
答案:A
4.alarmn.警报;惊恐vt.使警觉;惊动;使忧虑;使担心
●用法拓展
bealarmedat/for...被……吓一跳
give/raise/soundthealarm发出警报
afire/burglar/securityalarm火警装置/防盗警报器/安全警报装置
即境活用
单项填空
①Allofuswere________tohearthatLily,ourcompanysmostvaluedclerk,shouldsayshewouldleavethecompany.
A.alarmingB.alarmed
C.terrifiedD.satisfied
②Thedoorkeepergavethe________assoonashesawthesmoke.
A.warnB.shout
C.alarmD.button
答案:①B v.ed形式的形容词表示“感到……的”;v.ing形式的形容词表示“令人感到……的”。A.“令人担忧的”;B.“惊恐的,忧虑的”;C.“感到恐惧的”;D.“满意的”。由句意知B项正确。
②C givethealarm“发出警报”。句意为:守门人一看见冒烟就发出了警报。
5.favourn.喜爱;恩惠,帮忙;优惠 vt.喜爱;偏袒
(1)askafavourofsb.求人帮一个忙,求人做某事
doafavourforsb.帮某人一个忙,给某人做件事
(2)bein(outof)favour(with)受宠(失宠),得到(不受)偏爱
infavourof赞成,主张
inonesfavour对某人有利
①MayIaskafavourofyou?
请您帮个忙行吗?
②Washeinfavourofthedeathpenalty?
他赞成死刑吗?
③DomeafavourandturntheradiodownwhileImonthephone,willyou?
劳驾,我在打电话时把收音机的声音调低点好吗?
即境活用
单项填空
Mostofthemwere________myopinionwhileDavidwasagainstit.
A.inhonourofB.infavourof
C.insearchofD.inmemoryof
答案:B 
6.sympathyn.同情,同情心;赞同,支持
●用法拓展
(1)have/feelsympathyforsb.对某人有同情心
(2)playononessympathy利用某人的同情心
(3)send/offeronessympathytosb.向某人表示慰问
(4)insympathywith支持,赞同
(5)havesympathywith同意,支持
(6)winsympathyof...博得……的同情
(7)outofsympathy出于同情,不赞同
①Ivealotofsympathyforher;shebroughtupthechildrenonherown.
我非常同情她,她是独立把孩子们抚养成人的。
②Shewrotealetterofferinghersympathy.
她写了一封信去表示慰问。
即境活用
单项填空
Peopleallovertheworldsent________tothosewholosttheirhomesintheearthquake.
A.attentionB.sympathy
C.reliefD.expense
答案:C 
7.envyn.v.忌妒;羡慕
●用法拓展
(1)envysb.(doing)sth.忌妒某人(做)某事
(2)betheenvyofsb.是令某人羡慕(忌妒)的人/事物
(3)begreatwithenvy十分忌妒;非常羡慕
(4)outofenvy出于忌妒
(5)withenvy羡慕地;忌妒地
(6)beenviousof羡慕
①HestaredwithenvyatRobertsnewcar.
他羡慕地盯着罗伯特的新汽车。
②Ienvyyourabilitytoworksofast.
你能干得这么快,真让我羡慕。
●易混辨析
envious与jealous
(1)envious表示希望拥有他人所有的物品或品质。意为“羡慕的,妒忌的”,不一定带有不满情绪。
(2)jealous表示当无法拥有他人拥有的某种东西时而感到生气和不快。还指(男女间的)“吃醋”。名词形式为jealousy。
Hankwasenviousofhisneighboursfancynewlawnmower.
汉克羡慕邻居高档别致的新割草机。
Sheisjustusinghimtomakeheroldboyfriendjealous.
她只不过是在利用他来使她从前的男友吃醋。
即境活用
单项填空
①Imin________atyourmakingprogressideologically.
A.jealous B.envy
C.enviousD.jealousy
翻译句子
②所有邻居都羡慕我们的花园。
________________________________________________________________________
答案:①B
②Ourgardenistheenvyofalltheneighbours. 
8.affairn.事情,事件,(pl.)事务;暧昧关系
●用法拓展
(1)haveanaffairwithsb.与某人私通;与某人有暧昧关系
(2)besb.saffair是某人自己的事
(3)anexpertonforeignaffairs外事专家
(4)world/international/businessaffairs世界/国际/商业事务
(5)themilkpowdergateaffair奶粉门事件
①Theministerisbusywithimportantaffairsofstate.
部长忙于重要国务。
②Iamnotpreparedtodiscussmyfinancialaffairs.
我不打算讨论我个人的财务问题。
③Sheshavinganaffairwithherhusbandsbestfriend.
她和她丈夫最要好的一个朋友有暧昧关系。
●易混辨析
affair,matter,business与event
(1)affair既指一般事情,也指重大事情(这时常用复数)。
(2)event多指重大事件。
(3)business为不可数名词,常表示“生意;商业事务”。作“事情”讲时,常指有责任、有必要去做的事,往往强调的是任务、职务等指派性的工作。
(4)matter常指需要考虑和处理的事情、问题或麻烦事,不强调行动。单数指“事情,问题”,常与the连用;复数指“情况,事态”。
Thatsmyaffair,notyours.
那是我的事,不是你的。
Mysistersweddingwasabigeventformyfamily.
我姐姐的婚礼是我家的大事。
Letsgetdowntobusinessathand.
让我们着手处理手头的事吧。
Whatsthematterwithyou?
你怎么了?
即境活用
单项填空
①PresidentHuJintaosaidChinaandtheUShavecommon________inTaiwan.
A.affairsB.business
C.projectsD.interests
②Youngpeopleshouldconcernthemselveswithstate________.
A.businessB.matters
C.incidentsD.affairs
答案:①D ②D 
9.accompanyvt.陪伴;伴奏
①Heaccompaniedaforeignvisitortotheairport(station).
他送外宾去机场(车站)。
②Letmeaskyoutoaccompanymetothepolicestation.
我得要求你陪我去一趟警察局。
●用法拓展
(1)beaccompaniedby由某人陪同;由……伴奏
(2)accompanysb.tosp.陪某人去某处
(3)accompanysth.with/bysth.……与……同时存在或发生
(4)accompanysb.todosth.陪某人去做某事
(5)companyn.陪伴;陪同
(6)keepsb.company陪伴某人,和某人做伴
①Strongwindsaccompaniedbyheavyrain.
狂风夹着暴雨。
②Thesingerwasaccompaniedby/onthepiano.
那位歌手唱歌时是由钢琴伴奏的。
●温馨提示
accompany本身就有“陪同去……”的意思,所以一般不再和动词go连用,即不能用于accompanysb.togoto...
[误]Ourteacheraccompaniedustogotothepark.
[正]Ourteacheraccompaniedustothepark.
我们的老师陪我们一同去了公园。
即境活用
单项填空
PremierWenJiabaovisitedtheRedSquare________byRussianPresidentPutin.
A.accompanyingB.accompanied
C.attendingD.attended
答案:B 
重点短语
1.ring...up给……打电话
①Herangupthepolicestationforhelp.
他给警察局打电话求助。
②Irangupthetheatretobookseatsfortonight.
我给剧院打电话预定今晚的座位。
●用法拓展
(1)ringsb.up表示telephonesb.意为“给……打电话”。其中up为副词,如宾语为代词,应放之前;宾语为名词放前后皆可。
(2)同义词组:callsb.(up)打电话给某人;makeatelephonecalltosb.或telephone/phonesb.打电话给某人;givesb.aring/phonecall打电话给某人
(3)相关词组:
ringfor打电话要
ringback回电话给(某人);回电话
ringoff=hangup挂断电话;放下电话
holdon=hangon别挂断电话
Couldyouringmeuphereassoonashearrives?
他一到你就给我打电话好吗?
即境活用
单项填空
Iwasaboutto________thephonewhenitwas________lastnight.
A.reply;rungoffB.receive;rungup
C.answer;rungoffD.answer;rungup
答案:C 
2.reachfor伸出……以触及
Thesoldierreachedforhisgun.
那名士兵伸手去拿枪。
Dontwishtoreachforthemoon;dosomethingpractical.
别痴心妄想,做点实际的事。
Thelawbreakerwasoverpoweredbeforehecouldreachforhisknife.
那个违法分子没来得及伸手拿刀就已被制服了。
●归纳延伸
reach(oneshand)forsth.伸手去够某物
reachsth.够到某物
withinonesreach能够到的范围
beyond/outofonesreach在某人够不到的范围
即境活用
单项填空
Thelittlechild________theappleonthetree,butitstoohighforhimto________it.
A.reachedfor;reach B.reached;reachfor
C.reached;reachD.reachedfor;reachfor
答案:A 
3.carryout执行,贯彻;完成,实现
Hecarriedouttheplaninverydetail.
他一丝不苟地执行那项计划。
Theyalsocarryoutexperiments.
他们还进行实验。
Theycarriedouttheirplanwithoutdifficulty.
他们顺利地完成了计划。
●用法拓展
carryabout/around随身带,携带
carryaway拿走,带走,搬走
carryback送回;使回想;使陷入回忆
carryon经营,从事,忙于;(非正)继续进行
即境活用
单项填空
①Wemusttryto________asifnothinghadhappened.
A.carryoutB.carryabout
C.carryonD.carryback
②Besureto________yourpassport________withyouwheneveryouleavethehotel.
A.carry;outB.carry;about
C.carry;onD.carry;back
③Kirkdidnot________hispromisetous.
A.carryoutB.carryabout
C.carryonD.carryback
答案:①C ②B ③A 
4.leave...alone不理,不管(惹),不烦扰,不干涉
Shewantstothinkthingsoutquietly,sowehadbetterleaveheralone.
她要安静地考虑一下,我们最好别打扰她。
Youshouldntleaveababyaloneinthehouse.
你不应该把一个婴儿单独留在家里。
●用法拓展
leaveabout/around乱扔,乱放
leaveaside搁置,不考虑
leavebehind忘带,留下;丢弃;使落后
leaveout遗漏,省略,删去;未顾及,忽略
即境活用
单项填空
①Ihopeyouwont________thisexcellentmaterial________.
A.leave;aloneB.leave;out
C.leave;behindD.leave;aside
②Dont________her________tosweepupaftertheparty.
A.leave;aloneB.leave;out
C.leave;behindD.leave;aside
③Theyoungathletesoon________theothersfar________.
A.left;aloneB.left;out
C.left;behindD.left;aside
答案:①B ②A ③C 
5.testout考验
Thenewmachinehasntbeentestedout.
这台新机器还没有测试。
Thebeautyproductshavenotbeentestedout.
这种美容产品还没有被实验。
●用法拓展
teston在……上做试验
testfor检测,探讨
carryout执行,实施
turnout证明是;生产;出来
putout熄灭;出版
letout泄露;放出,发出
setout着手;开始
findout找出
tryout试验
figureout合计;计算出
breakout发生;爆发
Idbetterhavemyeyestested.
我该去检查视力了。
Iwasstillsleepingwhenthefirebrokenout,andthenitspreadquickly.
当火灾发生的时候,我正在睡觉,大火迅速蔓延开来。
即境活用
单项填空
Theengineers________thenewproducttoseewhetheritsapplicable.
A.examinedB.inspected
C.investigatedD.tested
答案:B
6.turnaround转向;回转
Heturnedaroundandfacedher.
他转身面向着她。
Thespeakerwascleverenoughtoturnmyquestionaroundsothatitsoundedfoolish.
演讲者聪明地把我的问题转换了,使它听起来很愚蠢。
●用法拓展
turnaround=turnabout转过脸/身去
turnaround还可表示“倒转;逆转;彻底转变”。
常见和turn搭配的短语:
turnon/off打开/关上
turnaway把……打发;走开,离开;转过脸去
turndown关小,调低;拒绝
turnup开大(声音);到达,来到
turnto转到,翻到;求助于,求救于
turnout(tobe)结果是,(最后)证明是
turnagainst背叛;(情况等)对……不利
turnback折回,翻回到
turnfromsidetoside(把身体)转过来转过去
turnin转入;上缴
turninto进入;变成
turnover(使)打翻;反复考虑
turnthecorner(沿街角)拐弯;转危为安
Thefamousplayerturnedmatchesaroundinlessthanhalfanhour.
那位球星不到半小时就把比分翻了过来。
AfterImethim,mywholelifeturnedaround.
遇到他以后,我的整个生活彻底改变了模样。
即境活用
单项填空
①Thatwasapoorpieceofworkyou________,Icouldhardlybelieveitisyours.
A.turnedintoB.turnedoff
C.turnedtoD.turnedin
②LeiFengisalwaysreadytohelpotherswhentheyareintroubleandhenever________theirrequest.
A.turnsupB.turnsover
C.turnsinD.turnsdown
答案:①D ②D 
重点句式
1.Bytheamusedandsurprisedlookonherface,ClaireknewthatGladysthoughtshewashavinganaffair.
从格拉蒂斯脸上那有趣而又惊讶的神情来看,克莱尔知道,格拉蒂斯认为她有风流韵事。
(1)amusedandsurprised是过去分词,用作定语修饰look。
Thereisaconcernedlookontheteachersface.
老师脸上带着关切的神情。
Lookathisdisappointedeyes.Hemusthavefailedtheinterview.
看他失望的眼神。他一定没通过面试。
(2)affair(尤指关系不长久的)风流韵事,丑闻
Sheishavinganaffairwithherhusbandsbestfriend.
她正与丈夫的好友私通。
即境活用
单项填空
①Hewasleftstandingthere,________.
A.disappointedandannoying
B.feelingdisappointingandannoying
C.disappointedandannoyed
D.feelingdisappointingandannoyed
②The________betweenthetwofilmstarscausedascandal.
A.affairB.business
C.matterD.event
答案:①C ②A 
2.Theclockstruckeight.
钟表敲打八点钟报时。
strike(struck,struck)在此译为“敲响;报时”。
Ididntheartheclockstrike.
我没有听到报时钟声。
strike还有其他含义,如“打,击;攻击,袭击;侵袭;(突然)出现于(某人的)脑海中;给……以(深刻)印象;罢工”。
Strikewhiletheironishot.趁热打铁。
AsIwatchedthem,anideastruckme.
我看着他们时,产生了一个想法。
Hisenthusiasmforstudystruckhisteacherfavourably.
他勤奋学习的热情给老师留下了良好的印象。
n.罢工(课,市)
●易混辨析
strike,beat与hit
strikev.敲响,报时;打,击;攻击,袭击;侵袭;(突然)出现于(某人的)脑海中;给……以(深刻)印象;罢工
beatv.(心脏)等跳动;抽打;打败;有节奏的敲打
hitv.打,打击;碰撞;n.成功而风行一时的事物
即境活用
单项填空
①Theboywashit________headheavilybytheball.
A.onhisB.onthe
C.inhisD.inthe
②Everyonepresentwas________byhisenthusiasm.
A.hitB.beat
C.knockedD.struck
③Outsidetherainis________againstthewindow.
A.hittingB.striking
C.beatingD.knocking
答案:①B ②D ③C 
3.Iwonderhowtheycouldactuallymakearobotseemasifhehademotions.
我很想知道他们怎么能使一个机器人看起来好像是有情感的。
asif“好像,仿佛”。常放在look,sound,smell,feel,seem等词的后面。
Thekitchensmellsasifsomethingisburninginit.
厨房里好像有什么东西烧着了。
Tomsoundsasifhehasacold.
汤姆听起来好像是感冒了。
有时asif引导的从句表达的内容与事实不相符,则用虚拟语气。
DonttreatmeasifIwereachild.
不要把我当小孩子对待。
即境活用
单项填空
Theyknoweachotherasifthey________friendsformanyyears.
A.areB.havebeen
C.wereD.hadbeen
答案:D 
4.Assheturnedaround,therestoodGladysClaffern.
当她转身时,她发现格拉迪斯克拉凡就站在身旁。
therestood...为倒装结构。在there后面如果有表示存在的动词,如seem,stand,lie,exist,live等,往往用倒装结构。
①Thereseemsnooneinthehouse.
这间房子里好像没有人。
②Onceuponatimetherelivedanoldfisherman.
从前有一个老渔夫。
③Thereliesachemicalworksbytheriver.
河边有一座化工厂。
④Therestandsanoldtempleontopofthehill.
山顶上有一座古庙。
●用法拓展
句子谓语动词是go,come,run等表示位置转移的动词和be动词,且句中又有表示方位的副词there,here,up,down,in,out,away等,为强调该副词,可将副词置于句首,若这时主语是名词,则主谓全部倒装;若为代词,则不倒装。
①Outrushedthechildren.孩子们冲了出去。
②AwaywentJohn.约翰离开了。
③ThedooropenedandincameMissSmith.
门开了,史密斯小姐走了进来。
④Theregoesthebell.铃响了。
⑤Hereitis.在这儿。
⑥Awayhewent.他走了。
即境活用
单项填空
Look!________.
A.Hereyourteachercomes
B.Comeshereyourteacher
C.Yourteachercomeshere
D.Herecomesyourteacher
答案:D 
5.ClairethankedTony,tellinghimthathewasa“dear”.
克莱尔感谢托尼,说他非常可爱。
tellinghimthathewasa“dear”是现在分词短语,在句中作状语。
●用法拓展
现在分词作状语时,句子中的主语为现在分词的执行者,而过去分词作状语时,句子中的主语为动作的承受者。现在分词可作表示时间、原因、方式、伴随、条件和结果的状语。这些表示时间、原因、条件的分词或分词短语相当于对应的状语从句。
Passingbythehouse,hesawagirlplayingthepiano.
他经过那所房子时,看到一个女孩在弹钢琴。(Passingbythehouse相当于:Whenhewaspassingby...)
即境活用
单项填空
________suchheavyloss,thebusinessmandidnthavethecouragetogoon.
A.HavingsufferedB.Suffering
C.TosufferD.Suffered
答案:A
6....—youcannothavewomenfallinginlovewithmachines.
……——总不能让女人和机器相爱吧。
这句话的结构是“have+n.+doing”,have的意思是cause(sb.todo),它与“have+n.+do”结构的意思有时略有不同,前者讲的是过程,后者叙述的是当时的情况。
AssoonasIgotthere,ItriedtohaveJohnfindmeahouse.
我一到那里就试着让约翰给我找个房子。
Shehadusalllaughingatherjokes.
她的笑话让我们大笑。
●用法拓展
①在“have+n.+doing”结构中,如果have用作否定时,其意思为notpermitorallow。
②“have+n.+todo”表示“有什么事情需要做”。
Icanthaveyougoingeverywhereanddoingnothingallday.
我不能让你整天无所事事地东游西荡。
Theprofessorhasanextraordinarywaytomakehisclasslivelyandinteresting.
这个教授有特殊的办法使他的课一直生动有趣。
Hesaidhehadnothingtobeafraidof.
他说他什么都不怕。
7.Asimovbeganhavingstoriespublishedinsciencefictionmagazinesin1939.
阿西莫夫于1939年起开始在科幻杂志上发表他写的故事。
havingstoriespublished是使役动词have的复合结构。
●用法拓展
在“have+名词/代词+过去分词”这一结构中,have通常有三种不同意义:
(1)指有意识的行为时have作“使得、让”解,等于get,过去分词动作的执行者可能不是句子的主语,也可能有句子的主语参与。
(2)指无意识的行为时have作“受到、遭受”解,表示一种经历。过去分词动作的执行者不是句子的主语。相反,主语受到这种动作的影响。
(3)表示通常意义的“有”。
①IusuallyhavemyclotheswashedonSundays.Idontwashmyclothesmyself.
我通常在星期天洗衣服,但不是自己洗。
②Theyarehavingtheirhousepainted.
他们正在请人油漆房屋。
③Theparkhadeverythingrobbedofinthewar.
战争中,公园被洗劫一空。
④Brownhashardlyanymoneysavedforhisoldage.
布朗几乎不存钱养老。
⑤Hehadhisexperimentreportallwrittenoutneatly.
他把实验报告写得清清楚楚。
●特别提醒
(1)havesth.done意为“让别人做某事”,过去分词作补语,表示被动关系。
(2)类似词组:getsth.Done
即境活用
完成句子
①Ivejusthadsomenewphotos________(拍照).
②Hehadfourcopiesofthepaper________(打印)inblack.
③Iintendedtohavemyson________(受教育)inEngland.
答案:①taken ②typed ③educated 
知能层层练
一、单项填空
1.MyEnglishteacherisreallyverykind.Illneverforgetthe________hehasdoneme.
A.favourB.deed
C.helpD.value
答案:A
解析:本题考查dosb.thefavour的用法,意为“帮某人忙”,该题中thefavour与其后的定语从句中的do构成搭配。
2.Thereare________tobechangeswhentheneweducationsystemisintroduced.
A.necessaryB.easy
C.boundD.probably
答案:C
解析:beboundtodosth.“一定做某事”,为固定搭配。
3.Shetriesto________somemoneyeverymonthtosupporthersontogotocollege.
A.setapartB.setaside
C.putoutD.putback
答案:B
解析:setaside“留出”。
4.Tomorrowheisto________agroupofAmericanartistsonatourofthecity.
A.associateB.cooperate
C.accompanyD.coordinate
答案:C
解析:accompany“陪伴”,符合题意。associate“联系”;cooperate“合作”;coordinate“协调”。
5.Doyouknowthateverymanhere________youyourfreedomtodoorsaywhatyouwant?
A.enviesB.admires
C.appreciatesD.enjoys
答案:A
解析:有随心所欲说想说的话,做想做的事的自由,这确实让人羡慕。envysb.sth.“羡慕某人某物”为固定搭配。
6.WhatcanIdotosmooth________thedifficulties?Canyouthinkofagoodidea?
A.awayB.down
C.overD.into
答案:A
解析:smoothaway“消除(问题);克服(困难)”,其宾语通常是difficulty,misunderstanding等名词。smoothdown“使……平坦/平滑”;smoothover“缓和;调解”;smoothinto...“均匀涂抹于……”。
7.Beingextremelyangry,theboy________andwentout,sayingnothing.
A.turnedupB.turnedin
C.turnedoffD.turnedaround
答案:D
解析:turnaround“转向;回转”,此处意为“转身”。turnup“出现;露面”;turnin“上交”;turnoff“关掉”。
8.Sellingfriedchickenatthenightmarketdoesntseemtobeadecentbusiness,butitisactuallyquite________.
A.plentifulB.precious
C.profitableD.productive
答案:C
解析:profitable“盈利的,有利可图的”,符合题意。plentiful“充裕的”;precious“珍贵的”;productive“多产的”。
9.In1939,Hitler________waragainstPoland,whichstartedtheSecondWorldWar.
A.announcedB.broadcast
C.declaredD.advertised
答案:C
解析:declarewaragainst...“对……宣战”,为固定搭配。
10.Asweallknow,thesnakesandfrogsare________andtheyhibernateinwinter.
A.warmheartedB.warmblooded
C.coldbloodedD.brightcoloured
答案:C
解析:coldblooded“冷血的”。warmhearted“热心的,热诚的”;warmblooded“热血的;热烈的”;brightcoloured“颜色鲜亮的”。
二、选用合适的短语,并用其适当形式填空。
1.takeiteasy,takeonanewlook,takeadvantageof
①Languagestudentsshould________modernfacilitiesforconstantlanguagepractice.
②Hey,________!Nobodyssayingyourenotgoodatyourjob.
③Ourcountryhasindeedundergonerapiddevelopmentand________.
2.setaside,setdown,setout,setup,setabout
①Johnson________decoratingtheirnewhouseinbluesandyellows.
②Hewasaskedto________thefactsjustasherememberedthem.
③I________myovercoatandtookoutmysummerclothes.
④Afterdinner,Candida________forthesupermarkettobuysomechocolate.
⑤Alotoftallbuildingshavebeen________inBeijinginthepastthreeyears.
3.turnaround,turnto,turnout
①ThebuswassofullthatIcouldhardly________.
②Itwasadifficulttime,buteventuallythings________allright.
③Donthesitateto________usifyouareindifficulty.
答案:1.①takeadvantageof ②takeiteasy ③takenonanewlook
2.①setabout ②setdown ③setaside ④setout ⑤setup
3.①turnaround ②turnedout ③turnto
三、根据所给提示完成下列句子
1.Fortunately,thefirewasdiscovered________________________________(刚着了不久).(soonafter)
2.Itis____________________________(不如说更像一场儿戏)thanarealissueoflifeanddeath.(more...than)
3.Janewentonherwaysinging,and________________________________(她的歌喉好像赛过了)thatofabird.(itseemedasif)
4.________________________________(他尽力让自己相信)hewaseagertoseeher.(persuadeoneselfthat)
5.George,I______________________________________(不允许你那样对我大吵大叫)!(nothavesb.doingsth.)
答案:1.soonafterit(had)started
2.morelikeachildrensgame
3.itseemedasifhervoicewaslovelier/betterthan
4.Hetriedtopersuadehimselfthat
5.wonthaveyoushoutingatmethatway
语法路路通
高考语法专题十三 名词性从句
知识清单
一、名词性从句注意的几个问题
1.名词性从句的引导词有连词that,whether,if;连接代词what,which,who,whom,whoever,whatever等;连接副词where,when,why,how等。
2.名词性从句中要用陈述句语序。
3.通常宾语从句中的时态要与主句谓语动词的时态保持一致。
4.主语为名词reason时,表语从句中的连接词要用that而不用why或because。
5.有多个that引导的从句时,只有第一个that可以省略;that引导名词性从句且置于句首时,不能省略。
6.doubt等词后若是肯定句则用whether或if引导,若是否定句则用that引导。
7.同位语从句之前的名词多为表示抽象概念的fact,belief,idea,suggestion等,从句说明名词的具体内容。
二、what和that在名词性从句中的用法比较
8.what在名词性从句中可充当主语、宾语或表语,意义上相当于thething(s)that。引导主语从句时,其谓语动词的单复数依句意而定。
9.that在名词性从句中不充当任何成分,只起连接词的作用,无任何意义。引导主语从句时,常用it作形式主语,谓语动词用单数。
三、whether和if在名词性从句中的用法比较
whether和if在宾语从句中一般可以互换,但在以下情况中只能用whether不能用if。
10.引导宾语从句、宾语从句在介词之后或在discuss后作宾语时。
11.引导主语从句或置于句首时。
12.后面直接接ornot时。
13.引导同位语从句,用以说明前面的名词的内容时。
14.后紧跟不定式时。
15.引导表语从句,表示“是否”时。
四、主语从句和宾语从句有时常用it作形式主语或宾语
16.it作形式主语的常用结构:
①It+系动词+名词+that从句
②It+系动词+形容词+that从句
③It+特殊动词+that从句
④It+be+过去分词+that从句
17.it作形式宾语的常用结构:
①主语+谓语+it+从句
②主语+谓语+介词+it+从句
③主语+谓语+it+形容词+从句
④主语+谓语+it+名词+从句
⑤主语+谓语+it+过去分词+从句
专题专练
1.(2010重庆卷)Toimprovethequalityofourproducts,weaskedforsuggestions________hadusedtheproducts.
A.whoeverB.who
C.whicheverD.which
答案:A
解析:考查连词。whoever引导宾语从句,并在从句中作主语,相当于anyonewho。
2.(2010上海卷)Whenchanginglanes,adrivershouldusehisturningsignaltoletotherdriversknow________.
A.heisenteringwhichlane
B.whichlaneheisentering
C.isheenteringwhichlane
D.whichlaneisheentering
答案:B
解析:考查宾语从句,从句中要用陈述句语序。
3.(2010上海卷)Onereasonforherpreferenceforcitylifeis________shecanhaveeasyaccesstoplaceslikeshopsandrestaurants.
A.thatB.how
C.whatD.why
答案:A
解析:考查名词性从句。reason作主语,表语从句用that引导,不用because。
4.(2010陕西卷)Itneveroccurredtome________youcouldsucceedinpersuadinghimtochangehismind.
A.whichB.what
C.thatD.if
答案:C
解析:考查固定句型。我从来没有想到你能成功地说服他改变主意。Itoccurstosb.that...的意思为“某人突然想到……”,其中that引导主语从句,it为形式主语,指代that从句的具体内容。
5.(2010福建卷)Weshouldrespectfoodandthinkaboutthepeoplewhodonthave________wehavehereandtreatfoodnicely.
A.thatB.which
C.whatD.whether
答案:C
解析:考查名词性从句。我们应该重视食物,想想那些得不到我们所拥有的这些的人,好好对待食物。此处考查宾语从句的引导词,从句中缺少宾语,故选what作动词have的宾语。
6.(2010浙江卷)Itisuncertain________sideeffectthemedicinewillbringabout,althoughabouttwothousandpatientshavetakenit.
A.thatB.what
C.howD.whether
答案:B
解析:考查名词性从句。此处是由what引导的主语从句,指代It的具体内容,It是形式主语,所以这里选B项。
7.Hedidntmake________clearwhenandwherethemeetingwouldbeheld.
A.thisB.that
C.itD.these
答案:C
解析:本题考查引导词it的用法。本题句意为:“他清楚地说明了会议召开的时间和地点。”C选项it在这里用作形式宾语代替后面whenandwhere引导的宾语从句。引导词it的这种用法不能被其它选项中的代词所取代,故答案选C。
8.Wehaventsettledthequestionof________itisnecessaryforhimtostudyabroad.
A.ifB.where
C.whetherD.that
答案:C
解析:考查宾语从句。主句中有question,且作介词宾语,故后连词应用whether引导。
9.Elephantshavetheirownwaytotelltheshapeofanobjectand________itisroughorsmooth.
A./B.whether
C.howD.what
答案:B
解析:考查名词性从句。根据后句中roughorsmooth可知,前连词应为whether引导。
10.________songJayZhousingswillsurelybecomepopularprettysoon.
A.WhatB.Which
C.WhoeverD.Whatever
答案:D
解析:A项“什么”;B项“哪个”;C项“任何人”;D项“无论什么”。句意:无论周杰伦唱什么样的歌曲都一定会很快流行的。故D项正确。
11.________iswellknownisthatAmericaisundertheauthorityofObama,whoisthefirstAfricanAmericanpresident.
A.ItB.What
C.AsD.That
答案:B
解析:分析题干知,________iswellknown是what引导的主语从句,同时what也是该从句主语。此题容易错选为A或C,当原句中去掉第二个is,此时用it作形式主语,后接that主语从句;当把isthat变为逗号,则用as,句子成为一个非限制性定语从句,故B项正确。
12.Itisnolongeraquestionnow________mancanlandonthemoon.
A.thatB.if
C.whetherD.what
答案:A
解析:句意:现在人类到达月球已不再是问题了。分析句子知,it是形式主语,that后面实际是一主语从句,故A项正确。
13.________annoyedhimmostwasthathehadreceivednoapology.
A.HowB.Why
C.WhatD.Which
答案:C
解析:句意:使他很烦心的是没人向他道歉。what引导主语从句,同时作主语从句的主语,相当于thethingthat。故C项正确。
14.________youngpeopleseeandhearinthemediahelpsthemtofigureouthowtheworldworks.
A.WhichB.That
C.WhatD.How
答案:C
解析:分析句子知helps是谓语动词,主语从句中的谓语动词see和hear缺少宾语,故选用what引导主语从句,同时作主语从句中的宾语,相当于thethingsthat,C项正确。
15.—Marylooksdowntoday.Whatisthematter?
—Well,________happenedbetweenMaryandmeisnoneofyourbusiness.
A.whereverB.whoever
C.whateverD.whichever
答案:C
解析:A项“无论哪里”;B项“任何人”;C项“无论什么”;D项“无论哪个”。答句句意:我和玛丽之间无论发生什么事情都与你无关。此处是whatever引导的主语从句,相当于anythingthat。
16.IntermsofEnglishlearning,youfocusmoreonvocabularythanonreadingcomprehensionandIthinkthats________youaremistaken.
A.whatB.when
C.whereD.how
答案:C
解析:句意:就英语学习来说,你总是以词汇为中心而忽略了阅读理解,我认为那正是你错误的地方。where引导表语从句,意为“……的地方”。故C项正确。
17.Pointingtothehouseon________roofgrewlotsofbush,theoldmantoldmethatwas________Iwouldstay.
A.its;whatB.whose;what
C.whose;whereD.its;where
答案:C
解析:分析题干,第一空roof与先行词thehouse之间是所属关系,故用whose;第二空中stay是不及物动词,不需要宾语,故用where引导一个表语从句。
18.—Mymainconsiderationis________thegrowthoftourismactuallyhelpspeople.
—Thatsnotaproblem.
A.whetherB.if
C.whyD.how
答案:A
解析:上句句意:我主要考虑的是旅游业的发展事实上能否帮助人们。选项A和B都有“是否”之意,但whether可引导表语从句,而if不能,故A项正确。
19.Hedidnttellme________theexhibitionwasheld.
A.wherewasitthat
B.thatitwaswhere
C.whereitwasthat
D.thatwasitwhere
答案:C
解析:分析句子,空白处是tell的一个宾语从句,要用陈述语序,排除选项A和D;宾语从句是where引导的强调句的特殊疑问句,他没有告诉我展览会在哪儿举办。故C项正确。
20.Myparentsdontcare________mypocketmoneygoes,butonethingisforsure:themoneyspentmustbeworthwhile.
A.whyB.when
C.whereD.how
答案:C
解析:受汉语影响此题易误选D,意思是怎么花了零花钱,根据从句谓语动词goes可知,父母不在乎零花钱去了哪儿,故要用副词where。
21.Nancyneverdoubtsforamoment________shewillloseherjob.
A.thatB.what
C.whetherD.which
答案:A
解析:句意:Nancy从没怀疑自己会失去工作。doubt“怀疑”接宾语从句时,主句为肯定句用whether或if,主句为否定句或疑问句用that。主句中含有never否定词,故A项正确。
22.—Canyoujoinusinthepartythisevening?
—Well,thatdependson________Icanhavemyreportdonebeforethen.
A.whetherB.if
C.whenD.how
答案:A
解析:根据答语“能否参加今天的晚会取决于我是否到时能完成汇报”可排除选项C和D;在dependon后接whether引导的从句。故A项正确。
23.Couldyoutellus________happenswhenonestudentinclassexpressesapersonalopinion________maybeoffendsotherstudents?
A.that;thatB.what;where
C.that;whereD.what;that
答案:D
解析:主句谓语tell后是一复合句,第一空是what引导的主语从句,同时充当主语;第二空是that引导的定语从句,代替opinion作从句主语,故D项正确。
24.Thethoughthasworriedmemuch________Imightfailintheexam.
A.thatB.which
C.whenD.sothat
答案:A
解析:句意:害怕考试不及格的这种想法让我非常担忧。分析句子结构,that引导的从句解释说明thought的具体内容,所以此处是一同位语从句。
25.Informationhasbeenputforward________moremeasureswillbetakentosolvetheeconomicproblems.
A.whileB.when
C.asD.that
答案:D
解析:句意:有报告已经提出,要采取更多的措施解决经济问题。that引导一个分隔式同位语从句,解释information具体内容。故D项正确。
26.Agreatideasuddenlyoccurredtome________Imightusethepocketmoneytobuyatieformyfathersbirthday.
A.ifB.when
C.thatD.which
答案:C
解析:句意:我可以用零花钱给爸爸买条领带作为生日礼物,这个好主意突然涌上心头。分析题干知,本句是一个分割式同位语从句,先行词是agreatidea,后接that引导的从句,说明它的具体内容。故C项正确。
27.Thereisadanger________museumswillattempttoentertainratherthaneducate.
A.whyB.that
C.whereD.which
答案:B
解析:句意:所存在的危险就是博物馆成了娱乐场所而不是为了教育。此处是一个同位语从句,通常所修饰的名词有hope,wish,idea,news,fact,promise,opinion,suggestion,truth等,后面的从句说明它们的具体内容。故B项正确。
28.Youdbettergivethetaskto________youthinkcanfinishitaheadoftime.
A.whoeverB.whomever
C.anyoneD.nomatterwho
答案:A
解析:句意:你最好把任务交给你认为可以提前完成的人。youthink是插入语,to后缺宾语,后面宾语从句中缺少主语,故用whoever,相当于anyonewho。
29.ThecitizensofBeijingareproudof________theyhavedonetomakeBeijingabeautifulcity.
A.thatB.which
C.whatD.how
答案:C
解析:句意:北京市民为把北京建成一个美丽的城市所做的一切感到自豪。beproudof“以……为自豪”,of后缺宾语,havedone后也缺宾语,故用what作双重成分,相当于thethingsthat。
30.Aslongasyouarenotmakingunreasonablerequests,theresnoneedtoworrytoomuchabout________themanagerwillbereceptivetoyourproposals.
A.sinceB.what
C.whenD.whether
答案:D
解析:句意:只要你提出的请求不是无理的,那么不必过多担心经理是否会接纳你的提议。whether是否,引导宾语从句,充当介词about的宾语。

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