Unit1friendship-grammar学案Grammar:英语五大基本句型Learningaims:1.tomasterthebasicsentencestructurestentatively2.toletssanalysethepartsofthesentences3.tohavessmakesentencesskillfullyImportantpoints:tomasterthebasicsentencestructuresDifficulties:tomakesentencesusingthebasicsentencestructuresLearingmethods:self-studyingdiscussingandpresentingLearningprocedures:Step1:togivesstheformsofbasicsentencestructures.Step2:toletssanalysethepartsofthesentences.Step3:tomakesentences英语五种基本句型列式如下:(一)基本句型一:S+V(主+谓)
SV(不及物动词)1.Time2.Themoon3.Themanflies.rose.cooked.动脑思考:充当主语的是______词性,充当谓语的______词性。划分句子成分:Wealleat,anddrink.(E—C)Everybodylaughed.1.下课了。_______________________________2..他成了一个著名的医生。
3.这个苹果吃起来真好吃。_____________________________________________(知识衔接)系动词分两类:be,look,feel,smell,taste,sound等属一类,表示情况;get,grow,become,turn,go等属另一类,表示变化。be本身没有什么意义,只起连系主语和表的作用。其它系动词仍保持其部分词义另:stay,prove,remain,stand(三)基本句型三:S+V+O(主+谓+宾)SV(实义动词)O(宾语)1.She2.He3.Ilaughatunderstandswanther.English.tohaveacupoftea.动脑思考:充当宾语的是______词性划分句子成分:Hemadecakes.(E—C)Theyatesomeapples.Whoknowstheanswer?1.现在我们正在学习句型。(C-E)1.Birdssingbeautifully.
2.WelikeEnglish.
3.Imakeyouclear.
4.Hewentonholiday.
5.Iwanttohelphim.
6.WeareChinese.
7.Igiveyouhelp.
8.Westoppedtohavearest.
9.Illgoswimming.
10.Hesentabooktome.
11.Heboughtacoatforme.
12.WenamedourbabyTom.
二.Readingforfun.
LastweekIwenttothetheatre.Ihadaverygoodseat.Theplaywasveryinteresting.Ididnotenjoyit.Ayoungmanandayoungwomanweresittingbehindme.Theyweretalkingloudly.Igotveryangry.Icouldnotheartheactors.Iturnedround.Ilookedatthemanandthewomanangrily.Theydidnotpayanyattention.Intheend,Icouldnotbearit.Iturnedroundagain.‘Icanthearaword!’Isaidangrily.‘Itsnoneofyourbusiness,’theyoungmansaidrudely.‘Thisisaprivateconversation!’Notesonthetext课文注释1gotothetheatre,去看戏。2gotangry,生气。3turnround,转身,也可用turnaround。4.payattention,注意。5Icouldnotbearit.我无法忍受。其中的it是指上文中的那对男女大声说话又不理会作者的愤怒目光。6noneofyourbusiness,不关你的事。自我评价:____________________________________________.Unit1GreatScientists-Grammar学案
过去分词作定语和表语
--Lookattheexcitedboy!Why
ishesohappy?
--Hehasgotthefirstprizein
thecontest.
--Nowonderheisexcited!
一、过去分词作定语
1.前置定语
被动意义:
anrespectedguest一位受尊敬的客人
Howmanyfinishedproductshaveyougotuptonow?
=Howmanyproductsthathavebeenfinishedhaveyougotuptonow?
到现在为止,你已经得到多少成品?
完成意义:
aretiredworker一位退休的工人
Thechildrenarecleaningthefallenleavesintheyard.
=Thechildrenarecleaningtheleavesthathavefallenintheyard.
孩子们正在打扫院子里的落叶。
总结:________的过去分词作定语,通常放在被修饰的名词之______,作前置定语。表示________和________的意义。
2.后置定语
Thingsseenarebetterthanthingsheard.
=Thingswhichareseenarebetterthanthingswhichareheard.
眼见最好。
Thiswillbethebestnovelofitskindeverwritten.
=Thiswillbethebestnovelofitskindthathaseverbeenwritten.
这将是这类小说中写得最好的。
总结:过去分词短语作定语时,放在被修饰的名词之______,作后置定语,作用相当于一个____________。
注意:
①如被修饰的词是something,anything,everything,nothing,-one,-body以及those等,分词放在被修饰词的后面。
Doyouhaveanythingunfinished?你还有什么没完成的事吗?
Heisoneofthosekidnapped.他是那些被绑架的人之一。
②单个分词也可以作后置定语,用以强调动作。?
Theydecidedtochangethematerialused.他们决定更换使用的材料。
③不及物动词的过去分词仅表示时间的完成,无被动意义。现在分词表示动作正在进行。?
fallenleaves落叶fallingleaves正在下落的树叶
adevelopedcountry发达国家adevelopingcountry发展中国家
theboiledwater(凉)开水?theboilingwater沸水?
二、过去分词作表语
Theteacherseemedquitedelightedattheidea.
Whenweheardofthestory,weweredeeplymoved.
Hishairisnearlyallgone.
过去分词作表语表示主语的_________和_________。
注意:
①作表语的过去分词,________的意味很弱,主要表示动作的_______和某一_______,相当于一个形容词。
Theboatisbroken.
Thestreetiscrowded.
②表示______的过去分词:disappointed,excited,surprised,pleased…
表示______的过去分词:lost,known,married,dressed,gone,drunk…
Latertheyfoundthattheywerelost.
Thehappytimeisgone.
③过去分词作表语:强调____________________
被动语态:强调____________________
Myglassesarebroken.(________)Myglasseswerebrokenbymylittledaughter.(________)
Hewassurprisedatthenews.(________)Iwasgreatlysurprisedbyaknockatthedoor.(________)
Practice:
1.这本书很有趣。
2.他对这本书很感兴趣。
3.这个窗户破了。
4.这个窗户是被那个顽皮的男孩儿打破的。
5.站在那儿的男孩儿是我弟弟。
6.他是位高级教师。
7.穿白色衣服的学生是我女儿。
答案
一、
1.总结:单个;前;被动;完成
2.总结:后;定语从句
二、
情绪;状态
①被动;完成;状态
②情绪;状态
③主语所处的状态
主语所承受的动作
Practice:
1.Thebookisveryinteresting.
2.Heisveryinterestedinthebook.
3.Thiswindowisbroken.
4.Thiswindowwasbrokenbuthenaughtyboy.
5.Thechildstandingoverthereismybrother.
6.Heisanadvancedteacher.
7.Thestudentdressedinwhiteismydaughter.
古人云,工欲善其事,必先利其器。高中教师在教学前就要准备好教案,做好充分的准备。教案可以让学生更好的吸收课堂上所讲的知识点,帮助高中教师掌握上课时的教学节奏。怎么才能让高中教案写的更加全面呢?以下是小编收集整理的“Unit5Lesson1Grammar导学案”,希望能对您有所帮助,请收藏。
Unit5Lesson1Grammar导学案一位优秀的教师不打无准备之仗,会提前做好准备,教师要准备好教案,这是每个教师都不可缺少的。教案可以保证学生们在上课时能够更好的听课,帮助教师提高自己的教学质量。我们要如何写好一份值得称赞的教案呢?下面是由小编为大家整理的“Unit1 Women of achievement-grammar学案”,供大家参考,希望能帮助到有需要的朋友。
Unit1Womenofachievement-grammar学案一、主谓一致
主谓一致有许多原则,概括起来不外乎三种一致原则,即语法形式一致,概念一致(语言内容上一致),毗邻一致(谓语动词的单复数形式和紧位于其前的主语一致)。
1.语法形式一致:按主语的语法形式(单复数)确定谓语的形式(1)单数主语、单个动词不定式、动名词短语以及句子作主语,谓语动词要用单数形式。复数主语,用and或both…and连接的动词不定式短语、动名词短语以及主语从句作主语,谓语动词则用复数形式。例如:
1)Theperformancewasveryfunny.
2)Servingthepeopleismygreathappiness.
3)Whetherwe’llgodependsontheweather.
4)Manynaturalmaterialsarebecomingscarce.
5)BothyouandIarestudents.
6)WhatIthinkandwhatIseekhavebeenfairlyreflectedinmypaper.
注1:在what引导的主语从句中,如果主语补语是复数时,谓语动词用复数形式。例如:
Whatwehavetolearnarethepiecesoflanguagethatproduceinversion.
注2:修饰语对主语的数不起影响。例如:
Theperformanceofthefirstthreeclownswasveryfunny.
(2)由aswellas,with,alongwith,like,togetherwith,ratherthan,except,but,including,accompaniedby,plus,besides,inadditionto,nolessthan等引起的结构跟在主语后面,不能看作是并列主语,该主语不受这些词组引导的插入语的影响,主语如是单数,其谓语动词仍然用单数形式。例如:
1)Mymother,aswellasmyfather,hasakeytotheoffice.
2)ThemantogetherwithhiswifeandchildrensitstherewatchingTV.
3)Hissisternolessthanyouiswrong.
4)Thereadingcoursebook,plusitsreferencebooks,ishelpfultocollegestudents.
(3)有些代词只能指单数可数名词,当它们在句子中作主语时,尽管在意义上是多数,谓语动词仍要用单数形式。这类代词有either,neither,each,one,theother,another,somebody,someone,something,anyone,anything,anybody,everyone,everything,everybody,noone,nothing,nobody等。例如:
1)Neitherlikesthefriendsoftheother.(两人都不喜欢对方的朋友。)
2)Everythingaroundusismatter.(我们周围的所有东西都是物质。)
(4)在neitherof与eitherof的结构里,一般语法书都认为谓语动词可用单数形式也可用复数形式,一般用单数形式。例如:
1)Neitherofthemwasingoodhealth,butbothworkedveryhard.
2)Haseitherofthembeenseenrecently?
(5)当and连结的两个名词是指同一个人或同一件事,and后的名词前没有冠词,谓语动词应该用单数形式;在and后面的名词前有冠词,谓语就用复数形式。例如:
1)Thebreadandbutterisservedforbreakfast.(早饭供应黄油面包。)
2)Thebreadandthebutterareonsale.(正在出售黄油和面包。)
(6)当oneof,aportionof,aseriesof,aspeciesof,achainof结构作主语时,谓语动词要用单数形式。例如:
1)Oneofthosestudentshaspassedtheexamination.
2)Aseriesofpre-recordedtapeshasbeenpreparedforlanguagelaboratoryuse.
(7)plentyof,halfof,alotof,lotsof,heapsof,loadsof,scadsof等+可数与不可数名词作主语时,不可数名词的谓语只用单数,可数名词的谓语视可数名词的单复数而定。例如:
1)Halfofthisbuildingistobecompletedbyspring.
2)Halfofthebuildingshavebeenpaintedcompletely.
3)Thereisplentyofwaterinthepail.
4)Thereareplentyofeggsinthebox.
5)Thereisloadsofmilkonthefarm.
6)Thereareloadsofbigredapplesontheground.
(8)由allof,mostof,alotof,someof,noneof,plentyof,therest,themajorityof等+名词作主语时,谓语动词的单复数形式应与名词的单复数一致。例如:
1)Noneofthebookssatisfythestudents.
2)Noneofthismeatisfittoeat.
3)Alloftheresearchworkwasdesignedbythechiefengineer.
4)Allofthestudentsareagainsttheplanforanoutingatthistimeoftheterm.
5)Themajorityofthedamageiseasytorepair.
6)Themajorityofcriminalsarenon-violent.
(9)由morethanone(或morethanone+单数名词),manya+单数名词作主语,谓语动词要用单数形式。例如:
1)Morethanonestudenthaspassedtheexamination.
2)Manyaboylearnstoswimbeforehecanread.
注:如果morethan后面是复数名词,则谓语动词要用复数。
例如:Morethantwohundredstudentshaveattendedthelecture.
(10)quantityof+不可数名词,谓语动词用单数形式;quantitiesof+可数与不可数名词,谓语动词用复数形式。例如:
1)Greatquantitiesofmilkareneededinthiscity.
2)Thereisalargequantityofmilk.
(11)如果名词词组中心词是“分数或百分数+of+名词”,谓语动词的单、复数形式取决于of后的名词或代词的单、复数形式。例如:
1)Overthree-quartersoftheswamplandhasbeenreclaimed.
2)Two-thirdsofthepeoplepresentareagainsttheplan.
(12)定语从句谓语动词的单复数形式应与先行词一致。例如:
1)Heisoneofthemenwhowerechosentorepresentthegroup.
2)“Keepcool”isthefirstoftherulesthataretoberememberedinanaccident.
注:当one之前有theonly等限定词修饰时,定语从句的谓语动词用单数形式。例如:
Heistheonlyoneofthoseboyswhoiswillingtotakeonanotherassignment.2.概念一致(语言内容上一致)
(1)有些集合名词如crowd,family,team,orchestra(管弦乐队),group,government,committee,class,school,union,firm,staff,public等,它们作主语时,谓语动词的数要根据语言内容而定。如果它们作为一个集体单位时,动词用单数形式,如就其中的各个成员来说,则谓语用复数形式。例如:
1)Hisfamilyisgoingtomove.
2)Hisfamilyareverywell.
3)Thepublicis/arerequestednottoleavelitterinthepark.
注:如这类词后跟有定语从句时,定语从句的谓语动词也遵循概念一致的原则,强调具体成员时,谓语动词用复数,关系代词用who;强调整体时,谓语动词用单数,关系代词用which。例如:
1)Thegovernmentwhowereresponsibleforthiseventattemptedtofindasolution.
2)Thegovernmentwhichwasresponsibleforthiseventattemptedtofindasolution.
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