一名优秀负责的教师就要对每一位学生尽职尽责，作为教师就要精心准备好合适的教案。教案可以让学生们充分体会到学习的快乐，帮助教师更好的完成实现教学目标。那么如何写好我们的教案呢？小编收集并整理了“惯性教案１４”，供大家参考，希望能帮助到有需要的朋友。

目的要求]弄清惯性和惯性定律的区别

[知识要点]

1、牛顿第一定律（即惯性定律）

一切物体总保持静止状态或匀速直线运动状态，直到有外力迫使它改变这种状态为止。

2、对定律应从以下几个方面理解：

（1）、物体总保持原来的静止状态或匀速直线运动状态的性质叫惯性。一切物体都具有惯性。惯性是物体的固有属性。其大小只与物体的质量有关。与物体是否受力以及处于什么状态无关。当物体受合外力为零时，表现为保持静止或匀速直线运动状态；当物体所受所合外力不为零时，惯性则使物体表现出具有维持原来运动状态不变的趋势。惯性的大小体现了物体运动状态改变的难易程度。

（2）定律是指物体不受外力（客观上难找到）或所受合外力为零，

相关知识

惯性系和非惯性系

教学目标
1、知识目标：
（1）知道什么是惯性系和非惯性系；
（2）知道牛顿运动定律在惯性系中成立；
（3）知道什么是惯性力．
2、能力目标：培养学生发现问题、分析问题、解决问题的能力．
3、情感目标：培养学生辩证的科学思想．

教学建议

教材分析
（1）教材首先引入了《关于两种世界体系的对话》中一段在船舱里观察到现象的描述，并通过对它的分析和实例对比引入了惯性参考系和非惯性参考系的概念．指出了常用到的惯性参考系．
（2）通过对实例的进一步分析，引入了在非惯性参考系中存在的惯性力及其规律，并在升降机实例中简单应用．

教法建议
（1）本节属于选学内容，请教师根据自己学生的实际情况掌握深度和层次．
（2）在授课时采用举实例让学生分析，发现问题：运动和力的关系出现矛盾的现象．从而再引导学生分析发生矛盾的症结所在，和解决矛盾的方法．让学生学习知识的同时，学会辩证的科学思想．

教学设计示例

教学重点：惯性系和非惯性系、惯性力

教学难点：惯性力

示例：

一、惯性系和非惯性系

1、发现问题：
　举例1：如图1所示，小车静止，小球静止于小车内光滑的水平桌面上．当小车相对于地面以加速度做直线运动时，从地面上观察，小球如何运动？从小车上观察，小球如何运动？

分析：从地面上观察，小球相对于地面保持静止．从小车上观察，小球将逆着小车的运动方向运动，最后从桌子上掉下来．因为小球在水平方向上不受外力作用，所以小球相对于小车的运动不符合牛顿第一定律．

举例2：如图2所示，用弹簧将小球固定于小车内的光滑水平桌面上，当小车恒定加速度做直线运动时，从地面上观察，小球如何运动？从小车上观察，小球如何运动？弹簧处于什么状态？

分析：从地面上观察，小球将做与小车同向的加速运动．小车上观察，小球将相对于小车静止．弹簧处于伸长状态．因为小球在水平方向上受弹力作用，所以小球相对于小车的静止不符合牛顿第二定律．

2、分析问题：

提出想法：当实验和理论发生矛盾时，可能是实验现象观察有误；可能是理论错误或理论存在一定的适用条件．

分析问题：实验现象观察正确．理论在很多的实际应用中被证明是正确的．因而可能是理论存在一定的适用条件．

矛盾的症结出在：相对于谁来观察现象，即参考系是谁．

阅读书P65伽利略在《关于两种世界体系的对话》中的一段话．

3、引入惯性系和非惯性系

（1）惯性系：牛顿运动定律成立的参考系．

研究地面上物体运动，地面通常可认为是惯性系，相对于地面作匀速直线运动的参考系也是惯性系．

研究行星公转时，太阳可认为是惯性系．

（2）非惯性系：牛顿运动定律不成立的参考系．

例如：前面例子中提到的小车，它相对于地面存在加速度，是非惯性系．

二、非惯性系和惯性力
解决问题：在直线加速的非惯性系中引入一个力，使物体的受力满足牛顿运动定律，这个力就是惯性力．例如在上述例1中，若设想由一个力作用在小球上，其方向与小车相对于地面的加速度的方向相反，其大小等于（是小车质量），则小球相对于小车的运动与其受力情况相符．同理可以分析例题2，这里不再赘述．

1、惯性力：在做直线加速运动的非惯性系中，质点受到的与非惯性系的加速度方向相反，且大小等于质点质量与非惯性系加速度大小的乘积的力，称为惯性力．

2、注意：惯性力不是物体间的相互作用力，不存在施力物，也不存在反作用力．而且只有在非惯性系中才有惯性力．

3、例题：见典型例题．

探究活动
1、组织部分学生继续深入研究该课题．
2、开有关相对论的科普讲座，引发学生研究兴趣．

高一物理教案：《惯性系和非惯性系》教学设计

作为杰出的教学工作者，能够保证教课的顺利开展，教师要准备好教案，这是教师工作中的一部分。教案可以让学生能够听懂教师所讲的内容，帮助教师提前熟悉所教学的内容。您知道教案应该要怎么下笔吗？小编为此仔细地整理了以下内容《高一物理教案：《惯性系和非惯性系》教学设计》，仅供参考，欢迎大家阅读。

高一物理教案：《惯性系和非惯性系》教学设计

教学目标

1、知识目标：

(1)知道什么是惯性系和非惯性系;

(2)知道牛顿运动定律在惯性系中成立;

(3)知道什么是惯性力.

2、能力目标：培养学生发现问题、分析问题、解决问题的能力.

3、情感目标：培养学生辩证的科学思想.

教学建议

教材分析

(1)教材首先引入了《关于两种世界体系的对话》中一段在船舱里观察到现象的描述，并通过对它的分析和实例对比引入了惯性参考系和非惯性参考系的概念.指出了常用到的惯性参考系.

(2)通过对实例的进一步分析，引入了在非惯性参考系中存在的惯性力及其规律，并在升降机实例中简单应用.

教法建议

(1)本节属于选学内容，请教师根据自己学生的实际情况掌握深度和层次.

(2)在授课时采用举实例让学生分析，发现问题：运动和力的关系出现矛盾的现象.从而再引导学生分析发生矛盾的症结所在，和解决矛盾的方法.让学生学习知识的同时，学会辩证的科学思想.

教学设计示例

教学重点：惯性系和非惯性系、惯性力

教学难点：惯性力

示例：

一、惯性系和非惯性系

1、发现问题：

举例1：如图1所示，小车静止，小球静止于小车内光滑的水平桌面上.当小车相对于地面以加速度 做直线运动时，从地面上观察，小球如何运动?从小车上观察，小球如何运动?

分析：从地面上观察，小球相对于地面保持静止.从小车上观察，小球将逆着小车的运动方向运动，最后从桌子上掉下来.因为小球在水平方向上不受外力作用，所以小球相对于小车的运动不符合牛顿第一定律.

举例2：如图2所示，用弹簧将小球固定于小车内的光滑水平桌面上，当小车恒定加速度 做直线运动时，从地面上观察，小球如何运动?从小车上观察，小球如何运动?弹簧处于什么状态?

分析：从地面上观察，小球将做与小车同向的加速运动.小车上观察，小球将相对于小车静止.弹簧处于伸长状态.因为小球在水平方向上受弹力作用，所以小球相对于小车的静止不符合牛顿第二定律.

2、分析问题：

提出想法：当实验和理论发生矛盾时，可能是实验现象观察有误;可能是理论错误或理论存在一定的适用条件.

分析问题：实验现象观察正确.理论在很多的实际应用中被证明是正确的.因而可能是理论存在一定的适用条件.

矛盾的症结出在：相对于谁来观察现象，即参考系是谁.

阅读书P65伽利略在《关于两种世界体系的对话》中的一段话.

3、引入惯性系和非惯性系

(1)惯性系：牛顿运动定律成立的参考系.

研究地面上物体运动，地面通常可认为是惯性系，相对于地面作匀速直线运动的参考系也是惯性系.

研究行星公转时，太阳可认为是惯性系.

(2)非惯性系：牛顿运动定律不成立的参考系.

例如：前面例子中提到的小车，它相对于地面存在加速度，是非惯性系.

二、非惯性系和惯性力

解决问题：在直线加速的非惯性系中引入一个力，使物体的受力满足牛顿运动定律，这个力就是惯性力.例如在上述例1中，若设想由一个力 作用在小球上，其方向与小车相对于地面的加速度 的方向相反，其大小等于 ( 是小车质量)，则小球相对于小车的运动与其受力情况相符.同理可以分析例题2，这里不再赘述.

1、惯性力：在做直线加速运动的非惯性系中，质点受到的与非惯性系的加速度 方向相反，且大小等于质点质量 与非惯性系加速度大小 的乘积的力，称为惯性力.

2、注意：惯性力不是物体间的相互作用力，不存在施力物，也不存在反作用力.而且只有在非惯性系中才有惯性力.

3、例题：见典型例题.

探究活动

1、组织部分学生继续深入研究该课题.

2、开有关相对论的科普讲座，引发学生研究兴趣.

Unit14Freedomfighters教案

Unit14Freedomfighters教案

I.TeachingGoals

1.Talkaboutcivilrightsandfreedomfighters.

2.Expresslogicalrelations.

3.ReviewthePassiveVoice.

4.Practiseargumentativewriting.

II.TeachingTime:Fiveperiods

TheFirstPeriod

TeachingAims:

1.Learnandmasterthenewwordsandexpressionsinthisperiod.

2.Talkaboutcivilrightsandfreedomfighterstoimprovethestudentsspeakingability.

3.Dosomelisteningpracticetoimprovethestudentslisteningability.

4.Learnaboutsomefreedomfighters.

TeachingImportantPoints;

1.Talkaboutafavouritetopictoimprovethestudentsspeakingability.

2.Enablethestudentstograspthemainpointsinalisteningmaterial.

TeachingDifficultPoints:

1.Helpthestudentstoimprovetheirlisteningability.

2.Helpthestudentstoexpresstheirownopinionsandideas.

TeachingMethods;

1.Talkingmethodtoimprovethestudentsspeakingability.

2.Pairworkorgroupworktomakeeverystudentworkinclass.

TeachingAids:

1.themultimedia

2.theblackboard

TeachingProcedures;

StepIGreetings

Greetthewholeclassasusual.

StepIILead-inandWarmingup

Teachersayssomethingaboutthepicture.(ShowthepictureorplayashortvideoprogramofJordan—afamousbasketballplayerwhoisablackman.)

GetsomeSstosaysomethingaboutthefollowingtwopictures.

T:.Manypeopledevotedthemselvestothis.Somewereputintoprisonandsomeevenlosttheirlives.Lookatthetwopicturesandreadthenotesaboutthem.Thenhaveadiscussioningroupsoffour.Trytoexplainwhytheyaregreatmenandinwhichwaystrugglewasanimportantpartinthelivesofthesemen.

(Showthefollowingpicturesonthescreen.)MartinLutherKingJr.Bornin1929

Graduationin1955

Workedinachurch

Organizedhisfirstactionsin1955

Formedanorganizationforblackleaderstoworktogetherin1957

Gavespeech"Ihaveadream"in1963deceivedtheNobelPrizein1964Murderedin1968

NelsonMandelaBornin1918

Firstactionswhilestillatuniversityin1940

Graduationin1942

HelpedtofoundtheANCYouthLeaguein1944

Ledmanypeacefulactionsduringthe1950s

Putinprisonfrom1962to1989

ReceivedtheNobelPrizein1993

BecamethefirstblackpresidentofSouthAfricafrom1994to1999

(Givethestudentsafewminutestodiscussthequestions.Thenasksomeofthemtosaytheiranswers.)

MartinLutherKingJr.isgreat.Heworkedforthefreedomofalltheblacks.Hewasbornin1929.Afterhegraduatedin1955,heworkedinachurchandheorganizedhisfirstactionsinthesameyear.Twoyearslater,heformedanorganizationforblackleaderstoworktogether.In1963,hegavethefamousspeech"Ihaveadream".Becauseofhissuccessinhiswork,hereceivedtheNobelPeacePrizein1964.Unfortunatelyhewasmurderedin1968.

AboutNelsonMandela:HewasthefirstblackpresidentinSouthAfricafrom1994to1999.Hewasbornin1918.HeworkedfortheequalrightsfortheblacksofSouthAfricaformanyyears.Asearlyasin1940,whilehewasstillatuniversity,hetookhisfirstactions.In1944,hehelpedtofoundtheANCYouthLeague.Duringthe1950s,heledmanypeacefulactions.Hewashatedbyhisenemiesandhehadbeenkeptaprisonerfrom1962to1989.Buthenevergaveupthestruggleforthefreedomofalltheblacks,sohereceivedtheNobelPeacePrizein1993.Afterhelefthisoffice,hehasdonemuchforthepoor,especiallythechildren.Healsoworksfortheequalrightsofallthepeopleandhewantsaworldwithouthungerandwar,

StepIIIListening

Beforeyoulistentothetape,theSsshouldgothroughtheexercisesonPage25andPage26first.

(Allowthestudentsacoupleofminutestoprepare.)

AsktheSstolistentothetapecarefullywhenIplayitforthefirsttime.ThesecondtimeIplayit,theSsshouldwritedowntheanswersquickly.Afterthat,checktheiranswerswhenthetapeisplayedathirdtime.Finallytheymayhaveashortdiscussioninpairs.

(Playthetapeforstudentstolistenandfinishtheexercises.Atlast,checktheanswerstogetherwiththewholeclass.)

StepIVSpeaking

Justnow,wetalkedabouttwogreatmen,andnowwewilltalkabouttwootherfamouspeople—JohnBrownandHarrietTubman.PleaseturntoPage26andreadthenotesaboutthem.Workingroupsofthree.Discussthelivesofthemandtalkaboutthereasonwhycertainthingshappenedandhowtheychangedhistory.Theusefulexpressionswillbehelpful.(Writethefollowingontheblackboardandallowthestudentsenoughtimetopractisetheirdialogues.Finallyaskapairtoactouttheirdialogue.)

UsefulExpressions:

Whathappenedfirstwasthat……

---happenedasaresultof……

Youcouldexpect……because……

Thatledto……

Oneofthereasonwhy-is……

……isoftenfollowedby……

Sampledialogue:

(A—studenta;B—studentb)

A:HaveyoureadaboutJohnBrown?

BYes,Ihave.

A:Ihaveheardofhim,butIknowlittleabouthim.Pleasetellmesomethingabouthim.Iwanttoknowmore.

B:OK.HewasborninConnecticutandwasbroughtupinOhio.Hehatedslavery.WhathappenedfirstwasthathehelpedtheblackslavesescapefromtheUSAtoCanada.Youcouldexpectthatledtotheslaveownersagainsthim.Thenhetookuphisarmstofightagainsthisenemies.Oneofthereasonswhyhedidthisisthathisenemywantedtokillhim.Onenightabattletookplace.Asaresultofit,hewascaughtandtenmen,includinghistwosons,werekilledinthebattle.Later,hewaskilled,too.Encouragedbyhisbravery,thewholecountrysoonunitedandfoughtagainsttheslavery.Afewyearslater,theAmericanCivilWarbrokeoutandintheendtheblackswon.

A:Whatamovingstory!

StepVSummaryandHomework

T:Today,wevetalkedabouttwogreatmen—MartinLutherKing.Jr.andNelsonMandela.Andwehavealsolistenedtothefamousspeech—Ihaveadream.Besides,wevetalkedoftwoothergreatpeople—JohnBrownandHarrietTubman.Afterclass,youshouldtalkmoreaboutcivilrightsandfreedomfighters,usingthenewwordsandexpressionswevelearntinthisclass.

StepVITheDesignoftheWritingontheBlackboard

Unit14Freedomfighters

TheFirstPeriod

Usefulexpressions:

Whathappenedfirstwasthat……

happenedasaresultof……

Youcouldexpect……because……

Thatledto……

Oneofthereasonwhyis……

isoftenfollowedby……

TheSecondPeriod

TeachingAims:

1.Learnandmasterthenewwordsandexpressionsinthisperiod.

2.Readthetextandgraspthemainideaofit.

3.LearnthefinequalitiesofMartinLutherKing,Jr.

TeachingImportantPoints:

1.Mastertheusageofsomeusefulwordsandexpressions.

2.Improvethestudentsreadingability.

TeachingDifficultPoints:

1.Howtograspthemainideaofatextorapassage.

2.Howtousesomewordsandexpressionsfreely.

TeachingMethods:

1.Fastreadingandcarefulreadingtoimprovethestudentsreadingability.

2.Pairworkorgroupworktomakeeverystudentworkinclass.

3.Discussiontohelpthestudentsgraspthedetailedinformation.

TeachingAids:

1.themultimedia

2.theblackboard

TeachingProcedures:

StepIGreetingsandRevision

Greetthewholeclassasusual.

StepIIPre-reading

Today,wellreadmoreaboutfreedomfighters.TurntoPage27andhavealookatthepictures.Haveashortdiscussioninpairsanddescribewhatyousectoeachother.(Studentspractiseforamomentandthenteacheraskssomeofthemtodescribethepictures.)

Descriptionofthefirstpicture:

Thefirstpictureshowsusaterriblescene.InthepicturewecanseetheNazisoldiersarrestalargegroupofpeople.Thishappenedbetweentheyear1933and1945.Duringthatperiod,AdolphHitlercontrolledGermany.Heinvadedsomecountriesandkilledasmanyastwelvemillionpersons,mostofwhomwereJews,Capturedsoldiersandcommonpeople.

Descriptionofthesecondpicture:

ThesecondpictureisabouttheSouthernStatesintheUSA.during1900—1968.ThoughslavesintheUSAweresetfreein1865,theydidntgetequalIrightsuntil1965.Beforethat,theydidnthavetherightstovoteandweretreatedunfairly.Theblacksandwhitescouldntgotothesameschools.Therewereseparatesectionsforblacksinpublicplaces.

Descriptionofthethirdpicture:

ThethirdpictureisaboutSouthAfrica.In1990,MandelawassetfreeandwaselectedthefirstblackpresidentofSouthAfricain1994.Beforethat,thelocalpeopletherehadnoequalrights.Theywereruledbythewhitesandwerelookeddownupon.

StepIIIFastReading

Readthepassagequicklyanddecidewhichofthesentencesonthescreenaretrue.(Showthefollowingsentencesonthescreenandgivethestudentsseveralminutestofinishthetask.)

Decidewhichofthefollowingsentencesaretrue,

1.MartinLutherKingJr.wasbornin1865.

2.Blackpeoplerefusedtotakebusesformorethan18months.

3.Blackgirlscouldnotmarrywhiteboys.

4.Kingspentsometimeinprison.

5.MartinLutherKingJr.diedofcancerinWashington.

StepIVReadingandUnderstanding

Readthetextagainanddiscussthequestionsonthescreenwithpartners.(Showthefollowingonthescreen.)

Discussthefollowing;

l.Whatwasthesituationfortheblacksinthesouthernstatesatthattime?

2.Explaininyourownwordswhatthefirstparagraphisabout.

3.MartinLutherKing,Jr.foughtforthecivilrightsofblackpeopleinAmerica.Whichcivilrightsdidhewantblackpeopletoget?

4.Kingbelievedthathecouldreachhisgoalthroughpeacefulactions,notthroughviolence.Giveexamplesofsuchpeacefulactions.

(Studentspractiseforafewminutesandtheteachermayjoinintheirdiscussionandhelpthem.Finallyasksomestudentstoanswerthequestionsonebyone.)

Suggestedanswers;

1.Blackswerenottreatedequally.TheSouthhaditsownlawstocontinuetheseparationofblacksandwhites.Mixed-racemarriageswereforbiddenbylaw.Therewereseparatesectionsforblacksinpublicplaces.Blackswerenotallowedtogetintohotels,schoolsorlibraries.Blackchildrenwereeducatedinseparateschools.Blackpeoplehadnorighttovote.

2.IttellsusthatthousandsofblackpeoplemarchedonWashingtonD.C.thecapitaloftheUSAinthesummerof1963,whenMartinLutherKing,Jr.spoketothematameeting.Hisspeech—"Ihaveadream"—spokeoutthemindsoftheblackpeople.Inspiredbyhisspeech,peoplecontinuedtostruggleandsucceededintheend.Soonheandhisspeechbecameknowntothepeopleallovertheworld.

3.Hewantedblackpeopletobetreatedequallyasthewhites.Blackpeopleshouldnotbeseparatedbutshouldbetreatedwithrespectinthesamewayasotherpeople.Theyshouldhavetherighttovote.

4.InDecember1955,Kingorganizedaboycottofthebuscompanyandsucceededafter381days.LaterheledanewrevolutiontoimprovethehousingconditionforblacksinBirmingham.In1963.heledthemarchonWashingtonD.C.AsaresultofthatinthefollowingyearanewCivilRightsActwaspassedandin1965anewVotingRightBillbecamelaw.

TohelptheSsbetterunderstandthepassage,explainsomewordsandexpressions

(Showthefollowingonthescreen,andexplainthemtothestudents.)

Usefulwordsandexpressions!

1.forbid

e.g.Iforbidyoutostayoutaftermidnight.

Heforbidssmokingduringofficehours,

2.setanexampleto

e.g.Tomworkedhardandsetagoodexampletohisclassmates,

3.demand

e.g.Hedemandedtobetoldeverything.

Theydemandedthattherighttovote(should)begiventoeveryadultman.

4.achieve

e.g.achievesomevictories,success,onesaims/purpose/goalachievealot,little,nothing,agreatdeal,etc.

StepVListeningandReading

PlaythetapetwiceforSs.Whenplayingitforthefirsttime,listencarefullyandpayattentiontothepronunciationandintonation.Whenplayingitforthesecondtime,readafterthetape.Thenreadthetextaloudbythemselves

StepVISummaryandHomework

T:Today,wevelearntatext"Ihaveadream".Fromthispassagewevegotalotofinformationaboutafamousfreedomfighter—MartinLutherKingJr.Now,pleaselookattheblackboard.Makenotesabouthiminthelistedyearsandtellhisbeliefandsuccess.(Teacherwritestheyearsontheblackboardandgivesthestudentssometimetofinishthetask.Thenaskssomestudentstowritetheiranswersontheblackboard.

StepVIITheDesignoftheWritingontheBlackboard.

Unit14Freedomfighters

TheSecondPeriod

NotesaboutMartinLutherKingJr.

1929:MartinLutherKingJr.wasborn.

1944:wonascholarshipandwenttouniversity

1955:Organizedaboycottofabuscompanyandsucceededinthefollowingyear

1963:DuringtheMarchonWashingtonD.C,hegavethespeech"Ihaveadream"

1964:receivedtheNobelPrizeforPeace

I968:MartinLutherKingJr.wasmurdered

Belief:demandequalrightsasthewhiteslandachievethatgoalbypeacefulactions,notbyviolence

Success:changedthewholesocietyintheUSA;blackpeoplestartedenjoyingtherights

TheThirdPeriod

TeachingAims:

[.Compareandmastersomeusefulwords.

2.ReviewthePassiveVoice.

3.Furtherunderstandthewholetext.

TeachingImportantPoints:

1.Masterhowtousethedifferentformsofsomeusefulwords.

2.ReviewandlearnthedifferentformsofthePassiveVoice.

TeachingDifficultPoint;

Howtochooseproperformsofsomeusefulwords.

TeachingMethods;

1.Practicetogetthestudentstomasterwhattheyvelearnt.

2.Comparisontogetthestudentstounderstandwhattheyvelearnt.

3.Discussiontomakeeverystudentworkinclass.

TeachingAids:

1.themultimedia

2.theblackboard

TeachingProcedures;

StepIGreetingsandRevision

Greetthewholeclassasusual.

AsktheSstosaytheiranswersonebyone.

Suggestedanswers.

1.was

2.were

3.Whatdid/doblackpeoplewant?

4.WhydidyouorganizetheAlabamabuscompanyboycott?

5.WhichproblemsdidblackpeoplehaveinBirmingham.Alabama?

6.Whycantblackpeoplewaitabitlonger?

7.WhichNobelPrizedidyouwin?

Asksomepairstoactouttheirdialogues.

Sampledialogues

(A—atelevisionreporter;B—MartinLutherKingJr.)

A:Mr.King,mayIaskyouafewquestions?

B:Ofcourse.Idliketoanswerthem.

A:Whatslifeinthesouthernstateslike?

B:Itsmuchbetternow.SincetheCivilRightsActwaspassedin1964andanewVotingRightBillbecamelawin1965,wehavehadthesamerightsasthewhites.Ihopeitwillbelikethisforever.

A:Whataresomeoftheproblemsthatblackpeoplehave?

B:Therearesomeproblems.Theirlifeisharderthanthewhitesbecausetheycouldnotgotothesameschoolsasthewhitesinthepastandthereforetheycantgetahigherpositioninthefactoriesandcompanies.Butthingsarcdifferentnow.Imsuretheywillliveabetterlifeinthefuture.

A:WhydidyouorganizetheAlabamabuscompanyboycott?

B:Becausethebuscompanymadeablackwomangiveherseattoawhiteman.Whensherefused,thepolicearrestedher.Thatwasunfair.

A:Whycantblackpeoplewaitabitlonger?

B:Wehadwaited340yearsforourrights!That"wait"hadalmostalwaysmeant"never".

A:WhichNobelPrizedidyouwin?

B:Oh,thatwastheyearbeforelast.ImeanIreceivedtheNobelPrizeforPeacein1964.

A:Whatdidyoudowiththeprizemoney?

B:Igavethewholeofthe$54600prizetothefreedommovement.

A:Youaregreat!

B:Thankyou.

A:Thankyouforansweringmyquestions.Wishyoueverysuccess!

StepIIWordStudy

Lookatthesentencesonthescreen.Completethemwiththeproperwordsfromthereadingpassage.Thefirstletterhasbeengiventohelpyou.(Showthefollowingsentencesonthescreenandallowthestudentsenoughtimetofinishthem.)

1.S____isthesystembywhichsome:peopleareownedbyothersasslaves.

2.Fiftyyearsago,mixed-racemarriagesweref____.

3.Therewereseparates______forblacksonbusesandtrains.

4.Civilrightsfightersd_____thatblackswillbetreatedequally.

5.DuringtheSecondWorldWar,from1937to1945,thereweremanyorganizedb_____ofJapanesegoodsalloverChina.

Suggestedanswers:

1.slavery2.forbidden3.sections4.demand5.boycotts

Page2,doExercises2.Discussthesentenceswithyourpartnertoseewhichwordsshouldbechosen,andthentranslatethemintoChinese,

(Allowthestudentsafewminutestoprepareandthenchecktheanswerswiththewholeclass.)Suggestedanswers

1.separate;separate;separation

黑人只能上单独的学校，在商店和饭店也只能到隔离区。金为反对这种把黑人和白人隔离的做法而斗争．

2.politics;political

安迪和本两人都主修政治，但他们常常持有不同的政治观点·

3.achieve;achievement

像约翰·布朗和马丁·路德·金这样的为争取自由而斗争的战士，为了实现他们为之奋斗的目标而献出了生命。今天在美国，黑人和白人分享平等的权力这一事实从某种意义上讲就是他们取得的成就．

4.law;lawyer

他对法律感兴趣，想做一个好律师．

5.employed;employment

他作为一个公共汽车司机而被雇佣，他是幸运的，因为现在找到工作的比例相对来说还比较低．

StepIIIGrammar

ThePassiveVoice.TurntoPage30.Lookatthefirstexercise.Finishitfirstandthencheckanswerswithpartners.

(Allowthestudentsamomenttofinishthetaskandthenchecktheanswerswiththewholeclass.)

Suggestedanswers;

1.Theyarenottreatedasequalcitizensinthesouthernstatesinthe1950s,

2.Theywereseparatedfromwhitepeopleinshops*restaurants,hospitals,buses,trains.etc,

3.Theywereeducatedinseparatedschools.

4.Theyweregivennorighttovote.

5.AnewCivilRightsActwaspassedin1964.enablingblackpeopletovote.

FinishthesecondexerciseonPage30.(Studentsaregivenafewminutestofinishtheexercisesandthensomeofthemareaskedtosaytheiranswers.Finally,teachercheckstheanswerswiththewholeclass.)

Suggestedanswers:

1.RosaParks,whorefusedtostandupforawhiteman.wasarrested(bythepolice).

2.Manyspeechesagainstracialdiscriminationhavebeenmade(bycivilrightsactivists).

3.Morethan100demonstratorswerearrestedandtwowerekilled.

4.ThewholesocietyhasgreatlybeenchangedintheUSA.

5.MartinLutherKingJr.willalwaysberemembered.

6.Thecivilrightsactivistswereputintoprison.

StepIVTest

(Teacherwritesthefollowingontheblackboard.)

1.Atthattimeinthesouthernstates,blacks____(treat)asequalcitizens.

2.Blacks____(allow)intohotels,schoolsorlibrariesforwhitepeople.

3.Blackpeople____(shouldseparate)but(shouldtreat)withrespect,

4.RosaParks(arrest)bythepoliceonDecember1,1955.

5.MartinLutherKing,Jr.____(willremember)forever.

6.Afilmaboutablackfamily____(make)nowand____(show)soon.

Suggestedanswers:

1.werenottreated

2.werenotallowed

3.shouldnotbeseparated;shouldbetreated

4.wasarrested

5.willberemembered

6.hasbeenmade;wiltbeshown

StepVSummaryandHomework

T:Inthisclass,wevereviewedtheusageofsomeusefulwordsandwevealsodonesomeexercisestoreviewthePassiveVoice.YoushouldpayattentiontotheverbformsinthePassiveVoiceandlearnthembyheart.Afterclass,youneedtopractiseasmuchaspossibletousethemfreely.Practicemakesperfect.youknow.Todayshomework:findasmanyusefulwordsandexpressionsasyoucaninthetextandmakesentenceswiththem.

StepVITheDesignoftheWritingontheBlackboard

Unit14Freedomfighters

TheThirdPeriod

Completethefollowingsentences;

1.Atthattimeinthesouthernstates,blackswerenottreated(treat)asequalcitizens.

2.Blackswerenotallowed(allow)intohotels,schoolsorlibrariesforwhitepeople.

3.Blackpeopleshouldnotbeseparated(shouldseparate)butshouldbetreated(shouldtreat)withrespect.

4.RosaParkswasarrested(arrest)bythepoliceonDecember1.1955.

5.MartinLutherKing,Jr.willberemembered(willremember)forever.

6.Afilmaboutablackfamilyhasbeenmade(make)nowandwillbeshown(show)soon.

TheFourthPeriod

TeachingAims:

1.Readthetextandgraspthemainideaofit,

2.Dosomeexercisestomasterwhattheyvelearnt.

3.Learntowriteanessay.

TeachingImportantPoints:

1.Improvethestudentsreadingabilitybyreadingatext.

2.Improvethestudentswritingabilitybyreadingandwriting.

TeachingDifficultPoints;

1.Howtoimprovethestudentsintegratingskills.

2.Howtowriteanessay.

TeachingMethods:

1.Practicetomakethestudentsmasterwhattheyvelearnt.

1.Asking-and-answeringmethodtohelpthestudentsgraspthemainidea.

3.Discussiontomakeeverystudentunderstandthetopicclearly.

TeachingAids:

1.themultimedia

2.theblackboard

TeachingProcedures:

StepIGreetingsandRevision

(Greetthewholeclassasusual.)Inthelastperiod,wevelearntsomeusefulwordsandexpressions.Now,letsdoanexercisetorevisethem.Lookatthescreen,please.TheySsmayhaveadiscussion,iftheylike.(Showthefollowingonthescreenandletthestudentsprepareforamoment.Finally,asksomestudentstosaytheiranswersandcorrecttheirmistakes,ifany.)

Choosetheproperwordstocompletethefollowingsentences,usingtheproperforms:

prisonhousingpeacefulmarchmurderforbidsetagoodexampledemand

1.Toomanypeoplearelivinginbad____conditions.

2.Ifsomepeopleareona____,theywalktogetherinalargegroupthroughthestreettoexpresstheirideas.

3.BlackpeopleinAlabama____thatthebuscompanyshouldnotseparateblacksfromwhites.

4.LeiFeng____tousinservingthepeopleheartandsoul,

5.IntheAmericanhistory,twoformerpresidentsAbrahamLincolnandJohnF.Kennedywere____.

6.Smokingis____inourschoolnow.Ourschoolisanon-smokeschool.:

7.ThemanwhorobbedabankofourcitywascaughtlastSundayandputin____now.

8.WhenIarrivedinQingdao,theseathere:was____andbeautiful.Manypeoplejumpedintoitandhadabath.

Suggestedanswers:

1.housing

3.demanded

5.murdered

7.prison

2.march

4.setagoodexample

6.forbidden

8.peaceful

StepIIFastReading

(Showthequestionsonthescreen.)Now,wellbeginanewtext.Page30andreadthepassagefastandfindanswerstothequestionsonthescreen.

Answerthefollowingquestions:

1.Whichcountrywasthefirstintheworldtogivewomentherighttovote?

2.Whowrotetwochaptersabouttherightsofanimalsandvegetablesinanovel?Andwhen?

(Threeminuteslater)

GetsomeSstoanswerthetwoquestions.

StepIIIReading

(Showthequestionsonthescreen.)Readthetextagainanddiscussthequestionsonthescreenwithpartners.

Discussthefollowingquestions:

1."Eachagehasitsownstruggleforright.”Whatdoestheword“age"mean?

2.Whatwerethemainideasofthefamousbooksabouttherightsofmenandwomen,whichwerepublishedinthelate18thtothe19thcentury?

3.Pleasedescribetherightstovoteforwomeninthe19thandthe20thcentury.

4.Whatisthepurposeoftheorganizationsthatfightforequalrightsinmoderntimes?

5.Doyouthinkweshouldfightfortherightsofrobotsandmachines?

(Thestudentsreadthetextanddiscussthequestions.Thentheteachermayasksomeofthestudentstosaytheiranswers,)

Suggestedanswers:

1.Theword"age"means"times",forChinese"时代".

2.Themainideasofthesebookswerethatallpeoplearebrothersandsisters,andthatallpeopleshouldbeequal.Fromthenon,astruggleofmorethan200yearsforequalrightsofmenandwomenofallracesbegan.

3.Therewasatimewhenwomenhadnorightstovote.Inthe19thcentury,womenallovertheworldbegantoaskforequalrights.ItisNewZealandthatisthefirstcountryintheworldtogivewomentherighttovotein1893.By1920,theUS,CanadaandmostEuropeancountriesallowedthewomentovote.

4.Theyfightfortherightsofblackpeople,women,children,peoplewithAIDS/H1Vandprisoners.Theirpurposeisthattheyasktobetreatedwithrespect,sharetherightstowork,goodhousingconditionsandeducationandtobetreatedequaltootherpeopleinallways.

5.Idontthinkso.Weshouldprotectallthelivingthings,includingplantsandanimals,becauseallofthemarepartofnature.Ifoneofthemisnotwellprotected,thebalanceofnaturewillbedestroyed.Thatwillperhapscauseanotherlivingthingtodieout.Nomatterwhichofthemdiesout,ournaturewilllosesomeofitscolor.Robotsandmachinesaremadebyman.Wecandecidehowmanyofthemwillbeneeded,accordingtotheiruse.Ifweneedmore,wecanmakemore.Thatwillnotaffectthebalanceofnature.AndIthinkweshouldprotectouroceansandearth,too.

StepIVReadingAloudandPractice

Listentothetape,playittwice.ThefirsttimeIplaythetape,listencarefully.ThesecondtimeIplayit.Theycanreadafterthetape.Afterthat,theyreadthetextaloud,payingmuchattentiontothepronunciationandintonation.

(Playthetapeforstudentstolistenandrepeat.Thengivethemseveralminutestoreadaloud.Atlast,askacoupleofstudentstoreadthetext.)

(Showthephrasesonthescreen.)Makesentenceswiththephrasesshownonthescreen.

Makesentenceswiththefollowing

phrases:

inmodernrimesbelieveinstartwith

atimehave……incommonwithrespect

inallwaysaskfor

Samplesentences:

inmoderntimes;

Inmoderntimesmanypeasantsareveryrich.

believein;

Youcanbelieveinhim;hellneverletyoudown.

startwith;

Theschoolstarredwith300pupils;nowtherearedoublethatnumber,

atime;

Idontcarefortheplaceatfirst,butafteratimeIgottolikeit.

Have……incommon;

Realfriendsshouldhaveeverythingincommon.

withrespect

Weshouldtreateverybodywithrespect.

inallways!

Allthepeopleshouldbetreatedequallyinallways,

askfor:

Sheenteredit,askedforacupoftea,andsatdown.Theresbeenagentlemanhereaskingforyou.

StepVWriting

Now,letsdosomewritingpractice.FirstlookattheinformationonPage31.ReaditandthenworkoutthedetailsforKingsactioninBirminghamaftertheexample.Pairwork.Afewminuteslater,checktheanswers.

Kingwantednewcivilrightslawtogiveblacksequalrights.Whatiswrongnow:Only25%oftheblackscanvote.Howshoulditbeimproved?Allthecitizenscanvote,nomatterwhatracetheyare.

Kingwantedtherightoffreemarriagesforblacks.Whatiswrongnow:Mixedracemarriagesareforbiddenbylaw.Howshoulditbeimproved?Allthepeoplecanchoosetheirmarriagesbythemselves.

Kingwantedtherightofreceivingequaleducation.Whatiswrongnow:Blackchildrenaretaughtinseparateschools,andthemoneyspentoneducatingablackchildismuchlessthanthatspentonawhitechild.Howshoulditbeimproved;Blackchildrenandwhitechildrencaninthesameschooltohavetheirclasses.

Readthesecondinformationanddiscusswhatweshoulddo

Suggestedanswers:

Rights

People

Animals/Plants

Robots/machines

Housing

bigenoughhouse

bigenoughroom

bigenoughroom

Nutrition

enoughnutrition

enoughnutrition

keepingoodrepair

Work

eighthours

cantbemadetoworktoolong

cantworktoolong

Healthandcare

keephealthy

keephealthy

takegoodcareof

Respect

treatwithrespect

treatwithrespect

X

Vote

havetherighttovote

X

X

StepVISummaryandHomework

T:Inthisclass,wevelearnedatext"Novoice,notheard……"anddonesomeexercises.Therearesomeusefulexpressionsinthetext.Afterclass,youshouldmakesentenceswiththeexpressionsontheblackboardandfinishExercises3,4and5onPage32.

Sampleessay

People,animalsandplantsarealllivinginonehome—ourearth.Peopleareinchargeofeverything.Theyshouldlivecomfortable.Thatistosay,theyshouldhavebigenoughhousetoliveinandhaveenoughnutritiontokeepthemhealthy.Besides,theyshouldhaveregularmedicalcare.Peopleshouldrespecteachotherandhelpeachother.Theyshouldnotworktoolongortootired.Theyshouldhavetherighttovote.Soitiswithanimalsandplants,thoughtheydontneedtherighttovote.Ourearthisbeautifulandfullofvigor,owingtoalltheanimalsandplants.Weshouldtakecareofthem,andletthemlivecomfortableandfreely.Someoftheanimalscanhelpusworkordootherthingsforus.Weshouldtreatthemwithrespect.Forexample,weshouldnotmakethemworktoolongormakethemtootired.Letslivetogetherwithouranimalsandplantshappily!Supposewhatasadworldourearthwouldbeiftherewerenoanimalsandplantsatall!Weshouldbefriendswiththemforever.

StepVIITheDesignoftheWritingontheBlackboard

Unit14Freedomfighters

TheFourthPeriod

Usefulexpressions:

believeinstartwith

askforinmoderntimes

have……incommonwithrespect

inallways

TheFifthPeriod

ThePassiveVoice

TeachingAims:

1.SummarizeandreviewthedifferentformsofthePassiveVoiceinthePresentIndefinite,thePastIndefinite,theFutureIndefiniteandthePresentPerfect.

2.HelpthestudentsmasterhowtoturntheActiveVoiceintothePassiveVoice.

3.MakesurethestudentsknowhowtochangesentenceswithmodalverbsintothePassiveVoice.

TeachingImportantPoint;

HelpthestudentstousethePassiveVoiceintheFutureIndefiniteandthePresentPerfectcorrectly.

TeachingDifficultPoint;

HowtomakethestudentsknowhowtochangetheverbalphrasesfromtheActiveVoiceintothePassiveVoicecorrectly,

TeachingMethods:

Review,explanation,inductivemethods

TeachingAids:

l.themultimedia2。theblackboard

TeachingProcedures:

StepIGreetings

Greetthewholeclassasusual.

StepIIRevision

(Showthefollowingsentencesonthemultimedia.)

TurnthefollowingintothePassiveVoice:

1.Hewasheshisclotheseveryweek.

2.Irepairedmybikeyesterday,

3.Weshalldiscussthequestionatournextmeeting.

4.Theyhavedoneeverythingtomaketheworkeasier.

5.Thedriverisrepairingthecar.

6.Youmustkeepthebookclean.

(Studentsprepareforamomentandthenchecktheiranswersinpairs.Finally,theteacheraskssomestudentstowritetheirsentencesontheblackboard.)

Suggestedanswers:

1.Hisclothesarewashedeveryweek.

2.Mybikewasrepairedyesterday.

3.Thequestionwillbediscussedatournextmeeting,

4.Everythinghasbeendonetomaketheworkeasier.

5.ThecarisbeingrepairedCbythedriver).

6.Thebookmustbekeptclean.

Readeachsentencecarefullyandunderlinethepredicateinit.(Asksomestudentstounderlinethepredicateineachsentence.)

Suggestedanswers:

1.arewashed

2.wasrepaired

3.willbediscussed

4.hasbeendone

5.isbeingrepaired

6.mustbekept

StepIIIPractice

Dosomemoreexercises.(Showthefollowingonthescreen.)

TurnthefollowingsentencesintothePassiveVoice:

I.WespeakChinesehere.

2.Ifinishedmyhomeworkintwohours.

3.Theyweremakingamodelplane.

4.Theyhavefinishedthework,

5.Wecanchangewaterintoice.

6.Yououghttoaskforhisadvice.

7.Whenwillyoupaintthewall?

8.Haveyoufoundyourbook?

Suggestedanswers;

1.Chineseisspokenhere.

2.Myhomeworkwasfinishedintwohours,

3.Amodelplanewasbeingmade,

4.Theworkhasbeenfinished.

5.Watercanbechangedintoice.

6.Hisadviceoughttobeaskedfor.

7.Whenwillthewallbepainted?

8.Hasyourbookbeenfound?

StepIVExplanationandPractice

TurnthefollowingintothePassive:Voice:

1.Wehaveneverheardofsuchthingsbefore.

2.Theylistenedtoherwithgreatinterest.

3.Apeasantwomanbroughtthechildup.

4.Theyoftenmadefunofhiminschool.

5.Illlookafteryourbabywell.

6.Wemusttakedownthenoticequickly.

(Givethestudentsenoughtimetodotheseexercises,andthenchecktheanswerswiththewholeclass,)

Suggestedanswers

1.Suchthingshaveneverbeenheardofbefore.

2.Shewaslistenedtowithgreatinterest,

3.Thechildwasbroughtupbyapeasantwoman.

4.Hewasoftenmadefunofinschool.

5.Yourbabywillbelookedafterwell.

6.Thenoticemustbetakendownquickly.

StepVConsolidation

DomoreexercisestoconsolidatethePassiveVoice.(Showthefollowingonthemultimedia.)

MultipleChoice;

1.Youcanseethehouse____foryears.

A.isntpaintedB.hasntpainted

C,hasntbeenpaintedD.hadntpainted

2.Somenewoilfields____since1976.

A.wereopenedupB,hasopenedup

C.havebeenopenedupD.hadbeenopenedup

3.Doctors____ineverypartoftheworld.

A.needB.areneedingC.areneededD.willneed

4.Nopermissionhas____foranybodytoenterthebuilding.

A.beengivenB.givenC.togiveD.begiving

5.I____tenminutestodecidewhetherIshouldrejecttheoffer.

A.gaveB.wasgivenC.wasgivingD.hadgiven

6.Insomepartsoftheworld,teawithmilkandsugar.

A.isservingB.isservedC.servesD.served,

7.Papermoney____foroverathousandyears.

A.usedB.hasbeenusedC.hasusedD.isusing.

8.She____forwhatshehasdone.

A.oughttopraiseB.oughttopraised

C.oughtbepraisedD.oughttobepraised.

9.Hisnewbook____nextmonth.

A.willbepublishedB,ispublishing

C.isbeingpublishedD.hasbeenpublished

10.Cansuchathing__happeningagain?

A.preventfromB.preventedfrom

C.bepreventedfromD.topreventfrom

(Amomentlater,asksomestudentstogivetheiranswersonebyone.)

Suggestedanswers:

l.C2.C3.C4.A5.B6.B7.B8.D9.A10.

StepVISummary

Showthefollowingonthescreen.

ThePassiveVoice

ThePresentIndefinite—am/is/are+p.p.

ThePastIndefinite—was/were+p.p,

TheFutureIndefinite—shall/willbe+p.p.

ThePresentPerfect—have/hasbeen+P.P-

ThePastPerfect—hadbeen+p.p.

ThePresentContinuous—am/is/are

Being+p.p.;

can/may/mustbe+p.p.

StepVIIHomework

T:Inordertohelpyouconsolidatewhatwevelearnttoday,Illgiveyousomemoreexercisestodoafterclass.Lookatthescreen.Writedownthesentencesinyourexercisebooks.Illcheckyouranswerstomorrow.(Showthefollowingonthemultimedia.)

Correctthemistakesinthefollowingsentences:

1.Thiskindofmachineissoldwell.

2.Thatchildwastakengoodcare.

3.Englishisspokenbymanycountries.

4.Thebikeneedstorepair.

5.Themusicissoundedbeautiful.

6.Thestorywashappenedlastyear.

7.Doesalotofworkdonebyhimeveryday?

8.Whenwillthesportsmeetheld?

Suggestedanswerss

1.issold→sells

2.goodcare→goodcareof

3.by→in

4.torepair→toberepaired

5.issounded→-sounds

6.washappened→happened

7.Does→Is

8.held→beheld

StepVIIITheDesignoftheWritingontheBlackboard

Unit14Freedomfighters

TheFifthPeriod

GrammarThePassiveVoice

1.Hisclothesarewashedeveryweek.

2.Mybikewasrepairedyesterday.

3.Thequestionwillbediscussedatournextmeeting.

4.Everythinghasbeendonetomaketheworkeasier.

5.Thecarisbeingrepaired(bythedriver).

6.Thebookmustbekeptclean.

Wemusttakegoodcareofthechildren.

→Thechildrenmustbetakegoodcareof.

《小狗包弟》教案14

一名合格的教师要充分考虑学习的趣味性，作为教师就要在上课前做好适合自己的教案。教案可以让学生更好地进入课堂环境中来，有效的提高课堂的教学效率。优秀有创意的教案要怎样写呢？小编特地为大家精心收集和整理了“《小狗包弟》教案14”，供大家借鉴和使用，希望大家分享！

一、教学目标：

1、知识目标：

①了解作品的相关背景，分析理解巴金深刻的思想和真挚的感情。

②把握散文的情节结构，正确评价作家放弃小狗包弟的行为。

2、能力目标：

学习文章以小见大的写法。

3、情感、态度和价值观目标：

①认识文革给人身心造成的巨大伤害。

②感受巴金严于解剖自己的伟大人格，培养学生的反省忏悔意识

二、教学重点：

领悟作家深刻的思想和真挚的感情，培养学生的反省忏悔意识

三、教学难点：

正确评价作家放弃小狗包弟的行为

四、教学课时：1课时

五、课前准备：

课前让学生预习课文，搜集一些有关“文化大革命”的历史资料，从而了解作品相关的时代背景。教师课前把搜集的有关文革的“图片”、文字材料制作成文本材料。

六、教学过程：

（一）、故事导入

1、在作家冯冀才的《一百个人的十年》中描述着这样一个荒唐的故事：一位非常受学生欢迎的故事大王似的语文教师，因为讲述胆略过人机警智谋的毛主席浏阳遇险水沟藏身，而被人划为歪曲毛主席伟大形象的右派，结果被判刑8年丧妻失子。

对于这样一个故事或许你们不敢置信，我也不敢相信，然而这是事实，而且事实甚至比这个更残酷、更荒唐，那就是“文革”。

2、请同学们交流一下你们所搜集到的有关“文化大革命”的材料，大家一起来了解这段历史。（学生交流、教师总结）

3、列宁曾说过：“忘记历史就意味着背叛”。今天我们就通过文革见证者巴金老先生的《小狗包弟》来感受那个特定时期的人们的生活，窥视我们民族这段不被我们熟悉的历史。

（二）、浏览课文，整体把握

1、情节把握

请同学们快速浏览课文，看故事情节是怎样围绕小狗包弟展开的？（学生浏览课文归纳情节然后复述，教师综合学生意见后概括补充形成板书。）

引子（艺术家与狗的故事）

开端（包弟来历）

发展（在家七年，与包弟相处很好）

结局（痛别包弟）

尾声（真诚忏悔）

2、情感把握

本文叙写了一个凄婉的故事，也流泻了一段复杂的心理历程，溶入了作者的悲欢怨恨之情。让我们紧贴作者的心，仔细品读课文感受作者的情绪流程。（学生品文体验作者情感，然后各抒已见，教师综合学生意见形成板书）

伤感（艺术家与狗的故事）——欢快（与包弟亲密接触）——忧虑（不知如何安排包弟）——轻松（送走了包弟）——沉重（送走之后心不得安）——歉意（至今心不得安）

（三）、分析课文，探究文旨。

探究、讨论、交流：

1、包弟讨人喜欢，作者却不得不将它送走，为什么？（包弟变成了我们家的一个大“包袱”）

2、对于作家为了自保，而放弃小狗包弟的行为，我们该如何看？（多一份理解与宽容）

3、我们说时间可以改变一切，可是时间抚平了作者心灵上的创伤了吗？作者写了时光的流逝，又写了庭院景况的改变，目的是什么？（时间并不能抚平作者心灵上的创伤）

4、纵观全文，文中作者一共写了几个故事？有何异同？第一个故事在全文中有何作用？（两个故事，都是写狗，一个是关于狗的仗义，一个是关于人的背弃。第一个故事既引出了第二个故事，同时也起到了对照衬托的作用。）

5、作者写小狗有何意义？（反映“文革”时代任何生命都不能免受侵害的事实，一条狗都保不住命。以小见大。）

（学生各抒已见后教师结合材料发表看法、明确总结）

（四）、课堂总结

1、本文故事虽小，意义却很深广。让人看到“文革”风云之一角，连狗都难以幸免。让人看到“文革”对人、对社会的伤害之深。

2、巴金是现代中国不多的文学大师、思想家之一，让我们记住这位老人并学习他不断进取的精神和严于解剖自己灵魂的勇气，铸造一种坦诚真实的人格。

（五）、布置作业

1、阅读巴金其它作品。

2、正视和反省成长过程中曾犯下的过错，并在本周周记中谈谈反省忏悔后的感受。

七、板书设计:

8、小狗包弟

巴金

情节————情感

引子（艺术家与狗）伤感

开端（包弟来历）愉快

发展（七年相处）快乐

结局（痛别包弟）忧虑轻松沉重

尾声（真诚忏悔）歉意

以小见大————反映社会变迁

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