一名优秀负责的教师就要对每一位学生尽职尽责，教师要准备好教案，这是每个教师都不可缺少的。教案可以让学生们充分体会到学习的快乐，帮助教师更好的完成实现教学目标。教案的内容要写些什么更好呢？小编收集并整理了“（精品推荐）高考二轮复习英语学案--专题十八完形填空”，供大家参考，希望能帮助到有需要的朋友。

（精品推荐）高考二轮复习英语学案--专题十八完形填空
A
（.北京卷）完形填空（共20小题，每小题1.5分，共30分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
James’sNewBicycle
Jamesshookhismoneyboxagain.Nothing!Hecarefully__36__thecoinsthatlayonthebed.$24.52wasallthathehad.Thebicyclehewantedwasatleast$90!__37__onearthwashegoingtogetthe__38__ofthemoney?
Heknewthathisfriendsallhadbicycles.Itwas__39__tohangaroundwithpeoplewhenyouweretheonlyonewithoutwheels.Hethoughtaboutwhathecoulddo.Therewasno__40__askinghisparents,forheknewtheyhadnomoneyto__41__.
Therewasonlyonewaytogetmoney,andthatwasto__42__it.Hewouldhavetofindajob.__43__whowouldhirehimandwhatcouldhedo?HedecidedtoaskMr.Clayforadvice,whousuallyhad__44__onmostthings.
“Well,youcanstartrighthere,”saidMr.Clay.“Mywindowsneedcleaningandmycarneedswashing.”
Thatwasthe__45__ofJames’sodd-job（零工）business.Forthreemonthsheworkedeverydayafterfinishinghishomework.Hewasamazedbythe__46__ofjobsthatpeoplefoundforhimtodo.Hetookdogsandbabiesforwalks,clearedoutcupboards,andmendedbooks.Helostcountofthe__47__ofcarshewashedandwindowshecleaned,butthe__48__increasedandheknewthathewouldsoonhave__49__forthebicyclehelongedfor.
Theday__50__camewhenJamescountedhismoneyandfound$94.32.He__51__notimeandwentdowntotheshoptopickupthebicyclehewanted.Herode__52__home,lookingforwardtoshowinghisnewbicycletohisfriends.Ithadbeenhard__53__forthemoney,butJamesknewthathevaluedhisbicyclefarmore__54__hehadboughtitwithhisownmoney.Hehad__55__whathethoughtwasimpossible,andthatwasworthevenmorethanthebicycle.
36.A.cleanedB.coveredC.countedD.checked
37.A.HowB.WhyC.WhoD.What
38.A.amountB.partC.sumD.rest
39.A.braveB.hardC.smartD.unfair
40.A.pointB.reasonC.resultD.right
41.A.splitB.spendC.spareD.save
42.A.borrowB.earnC.raiseD.collect
43.A.OrB.SoC.ForD.But
44.A.decisionsB.experienceC.opinionsD.knowledge
45.A.beginningB.introductionC.requirementD.opening
46.A.similarityB.qualityC.suitabilityD.variety
47.A.brandB.numberC.sizeD.type
48.A.effortB.pressureC.moneyD.trouble
49.A.allB.enoughC.muchD.some
50.A.finallyB.instantlyC.normallyD.regularly
51.A.gaveB.leftC.tookD.wasted
52.A.patientlyB.proudlyC.silentlyD.tiredly
53.A.applyingB.askingC.lookingD.working
54.A.sinceB.ifC.thanD.though
55.A.deservedB.benefitedC.achievedD.learned
答案和解析：
36.C为了买自行车，作者在数自己的钱。count数符合题意。
37.A表示方式，他到底怎么样才能得到购买自行车的其余的钱呢？
38.D作者已经有了24.52美元，在这里用rest指购买自行车的其余的钱。
39.B作者的朋友都有自行车，这样的话他和他们一起出去的话就会觉得很难。
40.A句型：therebenopointindoingsth,做什么是没有意义的。
41.C作者知道自己的父母抽不出任何钱让他去买自行车。sparesb.sth,给某人抽出某种东西，该物多为时间或金钱。
42.B作者认识到实现自己梦想的唯一方式是自己挣钱。earn挣钱；collect收集，筹集；raise筹集。所以正确答案为B。
43.D上下文是转折关系，虽然他知道要自己挣钱，但是谁会雇佣他呢？
44.CMr.Clay对大多数事情都有自己的见解。opinions见解。
45.A那是James零工的开始，beginning开始。
46.D为了凑够买自行车的钱，他做了各种各样的零工。variety种类，符合题意。47.B为了购买自行车，他为别人刷了很多车，他自己都已经记不清刷过的车的数量了。
48.C随着自己做零工的增加，钱也越来越多，C项符合题意。
49.B他知道自己不久就会有足够多的钱去买自己梦想中的自行车了。
50.A能够买起自行车的那一天终于到来了，finally终于符合句意。
51.D当他数过自己的钱后，他立刻去买自行车了，没有浪费一分钟的时间。
52.B经过自己的努力，他终于实现了自己的愿望，所以当然是自豪地proudly。
53.D为挣钱而工作当然是辛苦的，
54.A该句话的意思是：James知道他的自行车意义重大，因为他是用自己的钱购买的。55.C他通过自己的努力实现了自己的梦想。achieve实现，符合句意
B
（.天津卷原创解析）：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16-35各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
ThefirsttimeIremembernoticingthecrossingguardwaswhenhewavedtomeasIdrovemysontoschool.He16mewithapuzzle----allbecausehewavedtomelikesomeonedoes17seeingaclosefriend.Abig,18smileaccompaniedhiswave.ForthenextfewdaysItriedto19hisfacetoseeifIknewhim.Ididn’t.Perhapshehad20meforsomeoneelse.BythetimeIcontentedmyselfwiththe21thatheandIwerestrangers,weweregreetingeachotherwarmlyeverymorninglikeoldfriends.
Thenonedaythe22wassolved.AsI23theschoolhewasstandinginthemiddleoftheroad24hisstopsign.Iwasinlivebehindfourcars.25thekidshadreachedthesafetyofthesidewalk,heloweredhissignandletthecars26.Tothefirsthewavedand27injustthesamewayhehaddonetomeoverthelastfewdays.Thekidsalreadyhadthewindowdownandwerehappilywavingtheirreply.Thesecondcargotthesame28fromthecrossingguard,andthedriver,astiff-looking（表情刻板的）businessman,gaveabrief,almost29waveback.Eachfollowingcarofkidsontheirwaytoschool30moreheartily.
EverymorningIcontinuedtowatchthemanwith31.SofarIhaven’tseenanyone32towaveback.Ifinditinterestingthatonepersoncanmakesucha（n）33tosomanypeople’slivesbydoingonesimplethinglikewavingandsmilingwarmly.His34armedthestartofmyday.Withafriendlywaveandsmilingfacehehadchangedthe35ofthewholeneighbourhood.
16.A.hitB.disappointedC.presentedD.bored
17.A.onB.fromC.duringD.about
18.A.falseB.shyC.apologeticD.bright
19.A.researchB.studyC.recognizeD.explore
20.A.praisedB.blamedC.mistakenD.respected
21.A.conclusionB.descriptionC.evaluationD.introduction
22.A.argumentB.disagreementC.mysteryD.task
23.A.visitedB.approachedC.passedD.left
24.A.drawingbackB.puttingonC.handinginD.holdingout
25.A.OnceB.BeforeC.UnlessD.While
26.A.inB.throughC.outD.down
27.A.criedB.cheeredC.smiledD.gestured
28.A.ideaB.replyC.noticeD.greeting
29.A.awkwardB.angryC.elegantD.patient
30.A.cameB.respondedC.hurriedD.appeared
31.A.surpriseB.frustrationC.interestD.doubt
32.A.failB.tryC.wishD.bother
33.A.offerB.sacrificeC.promiseD.difference
34.A.effectivenessB.CheerfulnessC.carefulnessD.seriousness
35.A.trendsB.observationsC.regulationsD.feelings
答案和解析：
16.C考查动词。根据下文，“heandIwerestrangers”，但是“hewavedtomelikesomeonedoesonseeingaclosefriend，”所以这不合常理，“present（呈现，呈送）mewithapuzzle”。
17.A考查介词。根据常识，人们一见到亲密朋友就会挥手问候，ondoingsth.“一……就”，故选“on”。
18.D考查形容词。和上文aclosefriend相照应，人们见到朋友会呈现“灿烂的”笑容，故选bright“欢快的，兴高采烈的，灿烂的”。
19.B考查动词。因为作者不认识他，所以作者想努力观察他的脸以确定是否认识他。study“仔细端详，仔细察看，研究”。
20.C考查动词短语。thecrossingguard的热情与陌生人的身份不符，所以作者认为他是误把自己当成了别人。
21.A考查名词。作者虽然不理解，但还是高兴地接受了这一“结果”conclusion“结论，结果”，description“描述”，evaluation“评估，评价”，introduction“介绍，引言”。
22.C考查名词。作者之前只能猜想，认为是神秘的事。本题可用排除法，文中不存在argument（争论、辩论），也没有意见上的分歧（disagreement），也不是任务（task）。
23.B考查动词。根据下文Eachfollowingcarofkidsontheirwaytoschool30，可知是作者送儿子前往学校的路上。approach“靠近，接近”。
24.D考查动词短语。根据常识，交警指挥交通会举出他的标志牌。drawback“撤退，撤回”，puton“穿上”，handin“上交”，holdout“伸出，拿出，举出”。
25.A考查连词。他放下标志牌的前提是孩子们到达马路的安全区域，所以选once引导条件状语从句。
26.B考查介词。车辆是从马路中间穿过，只有through有此意。
27.C考查动词。和上文Abig,18smileaccompaniedhiswave相照应。
28.D考查名词。向别人微笑和挥手都是一种问候。
29.A考查形容词。根据上文对businessman的描述stiff-looking(表情刻板的),所以他的挥手是awkward“笨拙的，不灵活的”，elegant“优雅的”，patient“耐心的”。
30.B考查动词。后面的车辆对交警的“反应”更加开心快乐。本题heartily是副词，故排除A、D，再根据题意排除C。
31.C考查名词。作者对其产生了好感，故会以感兴趣的眼光来观察他。
32.A考查动词。此句是双重否定，作者没见到任何不向这个交警回以挥手的人。前已有否定词，只有A选项表否定，failtodosth.“未能做某事”。
33.D考查名词在固定短语中的意思辨析。“makeadifference”means“tohaveanimportanteffectonathingorasituation”(有影响，使不同)。sacrifice（牺牲）不合题意。
34.B考查名词。effectiveness“有效性”，cheerfulness“快乐，开朗，欣然热情”，carefulness“细心”，seriousness“严肃”。
35.D考查名词和动词搭配。他改变了邻里之间的“感情”，本题考查动宾搭配，其他三项都不能做“改变”的宾语。
考生按照教师的引导在复习备考中既要重视基本知识的复习巩固、延伸拓展还要多做完形填空题在练中提高自己的应试能力，同时要研究该题型，注重完形填空的做题技巧。完形填空考查考生对不同语境中规范的语言的要求（包括词汇、表达方式和结构）的掌握程度，以及对语段特征（如连贯性和一致性等）的辨识能力等。从近几年高考试题来看，完形填空题的命题基本特点：
1．高考完形填空所选文章体裁主要有三种：记叙文、说明文和夹叙夹议文，议论文较少；短文长度相对稳定，一般在250-300词之间，以不少于210词为准，以保证20个题目的设置；
2.高考完形填空选材贴近生活，易于为考生接受、理解，并且都有一个主题，文章难度稍低于阅读理解题中的短文，并且结构严谨、层次分明、逻辑性强，为考生发挥其逻辑思维能力、理解内容，选择最佳答案创造了条件。首句一般不设空，以帮助考生尽快进入文章内容；
3.高考完形填空设空以考查实词为主，名词、动词、形容词和副词等要占到全部选项的90%以上，以考查虚词，即冠词、介词、连词为辅；以考查单词为主，考查短语为辅。其选项的设计思路清晰，每小题的四个选项一般为相同词类，语意范畴相同；选项绝大多数为一个词，且长短相差不多；选项之间没有相互包容现象。但干扰项的设计都有一定的迷惑性。
总之，考生只有很好地打好基础，过好基本知识关，了解该题型的命题特点，在老师的指导下注重做题技巧的训练，就能事半功倍。
考生在做完形填空题时一般要有考虑四个线索：1.上下文的情节和文章；2.词汇的意义和用法；3.逻辑推理和常识；4.习惯用法和固定搭配。
当然这四个线索在解题过程中并非泾渭分明，多数题目需要综合几个方面的因素来考虑，一切以文章要求为准，使其复原。解题过程中要随时设想所遇到的空处应该出现的内容，然后再以该题所给的选项来验证自己的推测，然后做出必要的调整。具体解题方法如下：
1.通读全文，把握大意（粗读）
考生应该养成通读全文的习惯。在此过程中考生可不看选项，跳读全文，把握文章的整体结构，注意能体现文章大意的关键词、句，尤其要注意文章首句，它往往是文章的题眼和透视全文的关键。有的同学或急于求成，总想“一步到位”，或是由于原文设置的空格所造成的理解，障碍，担心通读文章不但抓不住大意反而浪费时间，未通览全文即边读边填，结果是就句论句，无法形成连贯的思路，或“见木不见林”，理解偏离文章的中心，
欲速则不达。
2．再读全文，透析文章(细读)
完形填空每个空格的四个选项并不是一种单纯的词汇辨析，因为从语法的角度看每个选项都是正确的。因此是否能恰如其分地传达文意才是选择最佳答案的唯一标准，要吃透文意，理解到位，大家应做到：
(1)瞻前顾后，注意上下文的内在逻辑关系；(2)不应简单互译，应注意英汉差别；(3)仔细研读细节，准确理解语境，克服定势思维；(4)明确表层意义，挖掘深层含义，做到“表里”如一。
3.检查验证，理清逻辑(回读)
做完一篇完形填空后，考生应把空白处补全，然后再通读一遍，抓住文章的脉络、主旨。如果还是似懂非懂，则需重新验证答案，在仔细推敲后最终确定答案。当然，如果确实很R9
定最佳选项的话，最好保留最初的选择，即尊重“第一感觉”。
（1）
阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出能填入相应空白处的最佳选项。
ItwastheendofmyfirstdayaswaitressinabusyNewYorkrestaurant.Mycaphadgoneaway,andmyfeet1.TheloadedplatesIcarried2tobeheavierandheavier.Tiredanddiscouraged,Ididntseemabletodoanything3.AsImadeoutacheckforafamilywithseveralchildrenwhohadchangedtheirice-cream4adozentimes,Iwasreadytostop.Thenthefather5atmeashehandedmemytip."Welldone,hesaid,"youve6usreallywell."Suddenlymytiredness7.Ismiledback,andlater,whenthemanageraskedmehowI’dlikemyfirstday,Isaid,"8!Thosefewwordsofpraisehad9everything.Praiseislike10tothehumanspirit;wecannotflowerandgrowwithoutit.And11,whilemostofusareonlytoo12toapplytoothersthecoldwindofcriticism,weare13unwillingtogiveourfellowsthewarmsunshineofpraise.Why---whenonewordofpraisecanbringsuch14?
Itsstrangehowchary(吝啬)weareaboutpraising.Perhapsits15fewofusknowhowtoacceptit.Its16rewardingtogivepraiseinareasinwhich17generallygoesunnoticedorunmentioned.Anartistgetscomplimented(admired)foragloriouspicture,acookfora18meal.Butdoyouevertellyourlaundrymanagerhowpleasedyouarewhentheshirtsare19justright?Infact,togivepraise20thegivernothingbutamomentsthoughtandamomentseffort.
1.A.restedB.hurtC.brokeD.slipped
2.A.remainedB.lookedC.seemedD.appeared
3.A.newB.specialC.nervousD.right
4.A.orderB.priceC.materialD.chair
5.A.staredB.smiledC.glancedD.nodded
6.A.calledonB.lookedafterC.passedbyD.thoughtof
7.A.arrivedB.continuedC.disappearedD.developed
8.A.OhB.WellC.FineD.Terrible
9.A.madeB.changedC.foundD.improved
10.A.heatB.warmthC.snowstormD.sunlight
11.A.thenB.thusC.thereforeD.yet
12.A.readyB.doubtfulC.satisfiedD.disappointed
13.A.unableB.unwillingC.likelyD.anxious
14.A.attentionB.choiceC.pleasureD.difficulty
15.A.becauseB.whenC.whatD.where
16.A.finallyB.especiallyC.sillyD.fortunately
17.A.effortB.attemptC.deedD.feeling
18.A.dailyB.lightC.perfectD.poor
19.A.doneB.soldC.chosenD.given
20.A.addsB.leavesC.offersD.costs
（2）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1—20各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
Cominghomefromschoolthatdarkwinterdaysolongago,Iwasfilledwithexcitementofhavingtheweekendoff.ButIwas1intostillnessbywhatIsaw.Mother,seatedatthefarendofthesofa,2,withthesecond-handgreentypewriteronthetable.Shetoldmethatshecouldn’ttypefastandthenshewasoutofwork.MyshockandembarrassmentatfindingMotherintearswasaperfectproofofhow3Iunderstoodthepressuresonher.Sittingbesideheronthesofa,Ibeganvery4tounderstand.“Iguessweallhaveto5sometime,”Mothersaidquietly.Icould6herpainandthetensionof7thestrongfeelingsthatwereinterruptedbymyarrival.Suddenly,somethinginsideme8.Ireachedoutandputmyarmsaroundher.Shebrokethen.Sheputherface9myshoulderandsobbed.Iheldher10anddidn’ttrytotalk.IknewIwasdoingwhatIshould,whatIcould11itwasenough.Inthatmoment,feelingMother’s12withfeelings,Iunderstoodforthefirsttimeherbeingsoeasyto13.Shewasstillmymother,14shewassomething15:apersonlikeme,capableoffearand16andfailure.IcouldfeelherpainasshemusthavefeltmineonathousandoccasionswhenIsought17inherarms.
AweeklaterMothertookajobsellingdrygoodsathalfthesalarytheradiostation18.“It’sajobIcando,though”shesaidsimply.Buttheeveningpracticeontheoldgreentypewritercontinued.Ihadavery19feelingnowwhenIpassedherdooratnightandheardhertapping20acrossthepaper.Iknewtherewassomethingmoregoingonintherethanawomanlearningtotype.
1.A.tiredB.ashamedC.lazyD.shocked
2.A.cryingB.smilingC.thinkingD.whispering
3.A.eagerlyB.worriedlyC.littleD.much
4.A.quicklyB.slowlyC.suddenlyD.proudly
5.A.failB.winC.fallsickD.givein
6.A.knowofB.watchC.senseD.recognize
7.A.holdingbackB.puttingawayC.sittingupD.stoppingfrom
8.A.litupB.cametrueC.turnedD.increased
9.A.toB.upC.throughD.against
10.A.tightlyB.thoughtfullyC.carefullyD.politely
11.A.andthatB.nowthatC.butthatD.sothat
12.A.handB.faceC.hairD.back
13.A.contentB.breakC.fallD.understand
14.A.thereforeB.howeverC.yetD.though
15.A.moreB.muchC.littleD.huge
16.A.woundB.defeatC.cutD.hurt
17.A.kindnessB.memoryC.comfortD.support
18.A.suppliedB.offeredC.paidforD.contributed
19.A.differentB.hardC.pleasantD.serious
20.A.offB.awayC.outD.through

（3）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1—20各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
Somepersonalcharacteristicsplayanimportantroleinthedevelopmentofone’sintelligence.Butpeoplefailtorealizetheimportanceoftrainingthesefactorsinyoungpeople.
Theso-called‘non-intelligencefactors’include1feelings,will,motivation,interestsandhabits.Aftera30-yearfollow-upstudyof8000males,Americanpsychologists2thatthemaincauseofdisparitiesinintelligenceisnotintelligence3,butnon-intelligencefactorsincludingthedesiretolearn,willpowerandself-confidence.
4peopleallknowthatoneshouldhavedefiniteobjectives,astrongwillandgoodlearninghabits,quiteanumberofteachersandparentsdon’tpaymuchattentionto5thesefactors.
Someparentsaregreatlyworried6theirchildrenfailtodowellintheirstudies.Theyblameeithergeneticfactors,malnutrition,orlaziness,buttheynevertake7considerationthesenon-intelligencefactors.Atthesametime,someteachersdon’tinquireintothese,asreasons8studentsdopoorly.Theysimplygivethemmorecoursesandexercises,or9criticizeorlaughatthem.Afterall,thesestudentsloseself-confidence.Someofthemjustfeeldefeatedand10themselvesupashopeless.Othersmaygoastraybecausetheyaresickoflearning.11investigationofmorethan1,000middleschoolstudentsinShanghaishowedthat11.5percentofthemwere12oflearning,becauseofexaminations,1.4percentlackedpersistence,initiativeandconsciousnessand10.3percentweresickoflearning.
Itisclear13thelackofcultivation（培养）ofnon-intelligencefactorshasbeenamain14tointelligencedevelopmentinteenagers.Itevencausesanimbalancebetweenphysiologicaland15developmentamongafewstudents.
Ifwedon’tstartnowto16thecultivationofnon-intelligencefactors,itwillnotonlyaffectthedevelopmentofthe17ofteenagers,butalsoaffectthequalityofawholegeneration.Someexpertshaveputforward18abouthowtocultivatestudents’non-intelligencefactors.
First,parentsandteachersshould19understandteenagepsychology.Onthisbasis,theycanhelpthemtopursuetheobjectivesoflearning,20theirinterestsandtougheningtheirwillpower.
1．A．one’sB．theirC．hisD．her
2．A．cameoutB．foundoutC．madeoutD．workedout
3．A．initselfB．byitselfC．itselfD．onitsown
4．A．ThoughB．NeverthelessC．HoweverD．Moreover
5．A．believingB．studyingC．cultivatingD．developing
6．A．aboutB．whenC．howD．whether
7．A．forB．inC．intoD．over
8．A．whyB．thatC．whenD．how
9．A．everB．evenC．stillD．more
10．A．putB．getC．handleD．give
11．A．TheB．AnC．AnotherD．A
12．A．afraidB．aheadC．awareD．ashamed
13．A．thatB．howC．whyD．which
14．A．difficultyB．questionC．threatD．obstacle
15．A．intelligentB．characteristicC．psychologicalD．physical
16．A．practiseB．thrustC．strengthenD．urge
17．A．intelligenceB．diligenceC．maturityD．performance
18．A．projectsB．warningsC．suggestionsD．decision
19．A．fullyB．greatlyC．veryD．highly
20．A．insuringB．goingC．encouragingD．exciting
（4）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1—20各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
We’vehearditbefore-we’vehearditonthenews,fromteachers,fromparents－childrenandteenagerstodayaregrowinguptoofast.Therearenottoomanypeoplethatwill1withthatstatement.Teenagersarefacedwithseriousproblemsanddecisionsatanearly2.Infactmostteenagers’dailyschedulesareas3asthoseofanadult’s.
IhavebeenworkingsinceIwasthirteen,andalwaysin4inwhichIwasworkingwithadults.Ihavehadtolearntothinkand5likeanadulttobetakenseriously.So,Icountmyselfasonewhohasgrownuptoofast.Ijustgraduatedfromhighschool,andhaverecentlyspentsometimereflectingonthe6eighteenyears－thinkingaboutmyself,whatIhavegained,andwhat7Ihaveyettoachieve.
Weareexpectedtoworkhard,getexcellent8,beinagoodrelationship,andknowwhatwewanttodo9.Thelistgoesonandon.Butthe10isclear:Weliveinasocietytodaythatis11ourchildhood.Wenolongerhavemanyyearstobecarelessandfancy－free.Weareexpectedto12thestrictschoolrulesandtoexcel（擅长）ineverythingwedo.
I’veknownthesethingsforalongtime,andknewthatthey13me.But,Ineverreallyadmittedituntillastnight,whenIlearneda14lesson,taughttomebymybosswhereIwork.Wehadfinishedajobataremotesite.Itwasabout11:30atnight,andwehad15tohishouse.Weweretalkingaboutthe16hehadbeenmakingtohishome.Oneofthethingshesaidwas“I17mybasketballhoop.”Thenhethrewabasketballtome.
Ihadn’t18abasketballinfiveyears.
Weproceededtoshoothoopsforabout5minutes.Bothofuswereterriblybadatit,butwespentthewholetime19likechildren.ThenIrealizedsomething:Iamstillachild.Oh,thelawsaysI’manadult.But,wearestillreallyandtrulychildren.Weallneedtohave20onceinawhile.
1.A.argueB.disagreeC.satisfyD.discuss
2.A.ageB.stageC.yearD.grade
3.A.certainB.busyC.carefulD.perfect
4.A.companiesB.placesC.positionsD.offices
5.A.studyB.speakC.workD.act
6.A.lastB.otherC.restD.coming
7.A.purposesB.successC.goalsD.jobs
8.A.textbooksB.gradesC.teachersD.schools
9.A.inlifeB.intimeC.foragesD.forever
10.A.informationB.messageC.noticeD.idea
11.A.ruiningB.correctingC.envyingD.shortening
12.A.respectB.acceptC.learnD.follow
13.A.inspiredB.disappointedC.affectedD.frightened
14.A.valuableB.seriousC.importantD.useful
15.A.walkedB.flownbackC.gonebackD.driven
16.A.furnitureB.improvementsC.equipmentD.arrangements
17.A.movedB.fixedC.soldD.broke
18.A.playedB.caughtC.touchedD.held
19.A.laughingB.shoutingC.runningD.shooting
20.A.arestB.atalkC.funD.sports
参考答案：
（1）1—5BCDAB6—10BCCBD11—15DABCA16—20BACAD
(2)1—5DACBA6—10CACDA11—15ADBCA16—20DCBAB
(3)1—5ABCAC6—10BCABD11—15BAADC16—20CACAD
(4)1—5BABCD6—10ACBAB11—15DDCAC16—20BBDAC

(1)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1—20各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
IdoalotofmanagementtrainingeachyearfortheCircleKCompany.Amongthe1
wediscussinourclassesisthe2ofqualityemployees.
“Whathascausedyoutostay3enoughtobecomeamanager?”Iasked.Afterawhileanewmanagertookthe4andsaidslowly,“Itwasabaseballglove.”
Cynthiasaidsheusedto5aCircleKclerkjobasaninterimonewhileshelookedforsomething6.Onherseconddaybehindthecounter,shereceiveda(an)7fromhernine-year-oldson,Jessie.He8abaseballgloveforthelittleLeague.She9thatasasinglemother,moneywas10,andherfirstcheckwouldhavetogoforpaying11.
WhenCynthiaarrivedforworkthenextmorning,Partircia,thestoremanageraskedhertocometohersmallofficeandhandedherabox.“Ioverheardyou12toyoursonyesterday,”shesaid,“andIknowthatitis13toexplainthingstokids.ThisisabaseballgloveforJessie.Iknowyouhavetopaybills14youcanbuygloves.Youknowwecan’t15goodpeoplelikeyouas16aswewouldliketo;butwedo17andIwantyoutoknowhow18youaretous.”
Cynthia’sstoryshowsvividlythatpeople19morehowmucha(n)20caresthanhowmuchhepays.
1．A．topicsB．problemsC．difficultiesD．lessons
2．A．employingB．praisingC．keepingD．improving
3．A．soonB．longC．strongD．calm
4．A．positionB．decisionC．questionD．advice
5．A．takeB．changeC．loseD．consider
6．A．lighterB．easierC．betterD．higher
7．A．letterB．callC．answerD．email
8．A．boughtB．keptC．neededD．offered
9．A．complainedB．explainedC．understoodD．admitted
10．A．shortB．enoughC．spareD．tight
11．A．foodB．educationC．clothesD．bills
12．A．talkingB．cryingC．arguingD．scolding
13．A．easyB．hardC．simpleD．nice
14．A．afterB．untilC．whenD．before
15．A．valueB．remainC．payD．fire
16．A．muchB．manyC．pleasantD．possible
17．A．regretB．agreeC．worryD．care
18．A．excellentB．importantC．thankfulD．thoughtful
19．A．rememberB．refuseC．thankD．realize
20．A．motherB．clerkC．officialD．manager
(2)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1—20各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
Whatisyourfavorite1?Doyoulikeyellow,orangeorred?Ifyoudo,youmustbeanoptimist,aleader,anactivepersonwhoenjoyslife,peopleand2.Doyouprefergraysandblues?Thenyouare3quiet,shy,andyou’drather4thanlead.Youtendtobeapessimist.
Colors5ourmoods,thereisnodoubtaboutit.Ayellowroom6mostpeoplefeelmorecheerfulandmore7thanadarkgreenone.Itseemsthatareddressbringswarmthandcheertothesaddestwinterday.8theotherhand,blackisdepressing.Ablackbridge9theRiverThames,nearLondon,usedtobethesceneofmoresuicidesthan10bridgeinthearea—untilit11green.Thenumberofsuicideattemptsimmediatelyfellsharply;perhapsit12evenmoreifthebridgehadbeendone13.
Pinkorbabyblue.Lightand14colorsmakepeople15happierbut16.Itisanestablishedfact17factoryworkersworkbetter.
18,andhave19accidentswhentheirmachinesarepaintedorangerather20blackordarkgray.
1．A．gameB．colorC．ideaD．friend
2．A．friendsB．parentsC．exciteD．excitement
3．A．probablyB．possibleC．sureD．better
4．A．goforwardB．comeC．followD．think
5．A．influencedB．don’tinfluenceC．doinfluenceD．effect
6．A．causesB．getsC．callsD．makes
7．A．relaxedB．relaxC．nervousD．worried
8．A．AtB．ForC．ByD．On
9．A．onB．overC．crossD．through
10．A．otherB．anyotherC．anyD．theother
11．A．paintedB．ispaintedC．gotD．waspainted
12．A．wouldhavefallenB．willfallC．wouldfallD．fell
13．A．withB．byC．inD．to
14．A．darkB．brightC．clearD．good
15．A．onlyB．notC．muchD．notonly
16．A．activeB．morequietC．moreactiveD．muchactive
17．A．whichB．howC．tousD．that
18．A．harderB．morehardlyC．evenhardD．however
19．A．littleB．lessC．fewerD．more
20．A．toB．thanC．forD．not
(3)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1—20各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
TheFloridasunbakedmyshouldersasIworkedalongtheI—595freewaynearFortLauderdale,pickinguprubbish.Ipausedto1thesweatoffmyforeheadandlookupatthecloudlessbluesky.“2cantitrain?”Ithought.Thatwould3thingsoff.
Ithoughtaboutmy4,whowere5sittinginanair-conditionedclassroomatthehighschoolrightnow.Idhadsome6inschool,somyparentsdecidedtoletmework7withmydad.Webothworkedformyuncle,whohadtaken8ofaroadmaintenancecompany.Itwasuptoustokeeptheroads9ofrubbish.Thejobwas__10anddirty,especiallyonhotdayslikethis.I11whyIeveragreedtodoit.
Wecontinuedour12routealong595，13fortheoverpassbridge.ThenInoticedanareawheresome14werebrokenontheground.Theywerentlikethatbefore.
“Dad!Pullover!Iwantto15somethingout.”
Ijumpedoffthetruckandrushedtothebridge.Somethingwastellingmeto16...therewasntmuchtime.17IsawaToyotathat18upsidedowninthetrees.Maybeitwasastolencarthatsomebody19there.ThenInoticedsomething20.Itwasabloodylegpokingoutofthedriverssidewindow!
"H-e-l-p!"aladymoaned.
1.A.wipeB.cleanC.dryD.brush
2.A.WhenB.HowC.WhyD.Howlong
3.A.washB.keepC.stayD.cool
4.A.relativesB.neighborsC.friendsD.workmates
5.A.happilyB.probablyC.reallyD.finally
6.A.difficultyB.troubleC.questionsD.problems
7.A.full-timeB.part-timeC.allthetimeD.sometime
8.A.advantageB.possessionC.positionD.place
9.A.awayB.fromC.farD.clear
10.A.easyB.excitingC.smellyD.comfortable
11.A.knewB.wonderedC.believedD.admitted
12.A.regularB.commonC.unusualD.old
13.A.leavingB.goingC.comingD.heading
14.A.carsB.bottlesC.treesD.glasses
15.A.checkB.turnC.makeD.bring
16.A.decideB.hurryC.considerD.listen
17.A.AboveB.BehindC.AheadD.Below
18.A.hungB.pulledC.caughtD.knocked
19.A.treasuredB.desertedC.keptD.hid
20.A.pushingB.shoutingC.movingD.crying
(4)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1—20各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
AftergraduationfromHarvardMedicalSchool,Dr.WilliamThomasneverthoughthe’dworkinanursinghome.Then,1,hebecameamedicaldirectorofanursinghomeinNewYork,andhisideasbeganto2.“Forthefirsttimeinmycareer,Iwas3fortheanswertothequestion,Whatdoesitmeanto4anotherperson?”
5thatthebiggesttroublefacingnursing-homeresidentsarehelplessness,
6andboredom,hearrangedlaughter,usefulnessandloveas7.
8Thomascallsit,hebeganthe“”Edenization”ofthenursinghomein1992.AtlasthefoundedtheEdenAlternative.
Lazymomentsandloudtelevisionprogrammeswere9withlovelychildren,playfulpets,10plantsandmusicinthelobby.Theselivingthingsare11intolife.Residentsare
12totendtheanimals,watertheplants,weedoutdoorgardensanddocrartswiththechildren.
TheEdenAltemativechangedthe13oftheresidentsatthis80-bednursinghome.Inathree-daystudy,thenursinghomewas14withanursinghomeofequalsize.TheEdenAlternativehad26percentlessnurse-aideturnover,15percent15residentdeathsand3percentlowermedicationcosts.
In1995Dr.Thomas16hisfulltimetothepromotionoftheEdenAlternative.Morethan200nursinghomesthroughoutthecountryhave17theEdenizationprocess.Thomasreceivesqueriesfromas18awayasTurkey,Japan,BrazilandtheNetherlands.Hehopesthathisideaoffilling“19”intonursinghomesandinvitingthecommunityinwillhelpto“breakconventionalpracticeinlongterm20.”
1．A．unexpectedlyB．surprisinglyC．unhappilyD．suddenly
2．A．wonderB．struggleC．shakeD．change
3．A．askingB．answeringC．caringD．searching
4．A．makeB．visitC．tendD．care
5．A．RecognizingB．HopingC．RegardingD．Including
6．A．lonelinessB．povertyC．timelessnessD．excitement
7．A．foodB．referenceC．treatmentD．introduction
8．A．WhenB．AsC．UnlessD．since
9．A．wentB．replacedC．beganD．met
10．A．man-madeB．plasticC．aliveD．live
11．A．changedB．mixedC．dividedD．made
12．A．gotB．helpedC．encouragedD．required
13．A．livesB．habitsC．customsD．methods
14．A．comparedB．coveredC．dealtD．equipped
15．A．moreB．lessC．worseD．fewer
16．A．sentB．ledC．devotedD．used
17．A．begunB．developedC．preventedD．invented
18．A．longB．muchC．farD．soon
19．A．homenessB．homelessnessC．plantsD．pets
20．A．relationB．educationC．matchD．care
参考答案：
(1)1—5ACBCA6—10CBCBD11—15DABDC16—20ADBAD
(2)1—5BDACC6—10DADBB11—15DACBD16—20CDACB
(3)1—5ACDCB6—10DABDC11—15BADCA16—20BDABC
(4)1—5ADDCA6—10ACBBD11—15BCAAD16—20CACAD

延伸阅读

（精品推荐）高考二轮复习英语教案――专题十七单项填空

作为杰出的教学工作者，能够保证教课的顺利开展，教师在教学前就要准备好教案，做好充分的准备。教案可以让学生能够听懂教师所讲的内容，帮助教师更好的完成实现教学目标。优秀有创意的教案要怎样写呢？小编特地为大家精心收集和整理了“（精品推荐）高考二轮复习英语教案――专题十七单项填空”，供大家参考，希望能帮助到有需要的朋友。

（精品推荐）高考二轮复习英语教案――专题十七单项填空
单项选择容量大，包括了中学教材所学的基本语言知识（词法、句法、语法等）其要点如下：1）语音知识；2）语法知识（名词、代词、数词、介词和介词短语、连词、形容词、冠词、动词、时态、被动语态、虚拟语气）；3）词法知识（构词法）；4）句法知识（句子种类、句子成分、简单句的基本句型、主谓语一致性、并列复合句、主从复合句、间接引语、省略、倒装、强调、独立主格结构）；5）功能意念（社会交往、态度、情感、时间、空间、存在、特征、计量、比较、逻辑关系、职业）；6）交际话题。
单项选择是一种容量大、考查面广的题型。它集中考查词法、句法、语法知识。因此在各级各类考试中，单项选择是必不可少的题型；考纲对单项选择的考查界定为语言知识的运用，大纲要求考生掌握并能运用语音、词汇、语法基础知识以及所学功能意念和话题，要求掌握3500词左右；新课程标准要求考生掌握并能运用课程标准八级要求规定的英语语音、词汇、语法、功能意念和话题，要求词汇量为3300词左右。
近几年英语测试题单项选择题难度逐年增大，试题呈现出语境理解要求高、内容跨度大、选项干扰性强、题干迷惑度高、一题涉及多个知识点等特点，给考生正确解题带来很大难度。因此教师在引导考生复习备考中一是要求系统复习基本知识，在复习中形成知识网、知识串；二是要求教师在给学生梳理知识的同时要加强对同义词、近义词的辨析；三是要掌握正确的应对方法，在训练中点拨技巧，让考生形成做题能力，这都是提高单选题得分率的关键，现结合单项选择题谈谈常用的几种解题技巧，以期对老师们有所启发：要做好单项选择题，首先必须让考生必须熟练掌握句型、固定搭配、习惯用法、语法等方面的基础知识，其次在做单项选择题时注意如下几点：
1.逐一排除法。几乎每道题的破解均须采用此法。吃准两个选项时，有时已有的认知结构仍然不能解决问题，或许对其中一项一窍不通，但如果能确定其中一项肯定不对，那么另一项必是答案无疑。因为此法使用十分普遍，恕不举例。
2.重视固定搭配。任何一种语言都有大量的固定搭配词组，英语也不例外。那些约定俗成的词组，不可随便更改，否则就会不伦不类，令人费解。因此我们必须对其高度重视，认真对待。实质上，这类题属于记忆性的考查，因为固定的搭配必定产生固定的意思，一旦记住了它的搭配和意思，解题就不会困难。
3.注意英汉两种文化习惯表达的差异。英汉语言属两种不同的文化，其习惯表达必然有别，有些习惯表达差异悬殊。中国学生学习英语时大多已具有十多年的汉语接触史，汉语的表达方式可以说已在他们的头脑中根深蒂固，形成了思维定势，讲话时不需任何思考就能脱口而出，且能表达正确，语句规范。当他们学习与汉语截然不同的英语时，很自然会受到汉语习惯表达的干扰，尤其是两种文化习惯表达正好迥然相异或容易受到思维定势的影响时，出差错的可能性极大。如何有效地克服汉语的干扰，尽量使汉语学习的能力发生正迁移，从而尽可能地提高英语学习的效率，这需要我们特别注意英汉习惯表达的差异之处，此乃英语教学的难点所在，试题设计者自然不会轻易放过这一点。

（精品推荐）高考二轮复习英语学案--专题十定语从句

古人云，工欲善其事，必先利其器。教师要准备好教案，这是老师职责的一部分。教案可以让学生能够在教学期间跟着互动起来，帮助教师掌握上课时的教学节奏。教案的内容要写些什么更好呢？小编特地为大家精心收集和整理了“（精品推荐）高考二轮复习英语学案--专题十定语从句”，欢迎大家阅读，希望对大家有所帮助。

（精品推荐）高考二轮复习英语学案--专题十定语从句

1.（09天津）Aperson______e-mailaccountisfullwon’tbeabletosendorreceiveanye-mails.
A.whoB.whomC.whoseD.whoever
C考查定语从句的用法。分析先行词和定语从句的关系发现先行词在定语从句中作定语，故选C符合。
2.（09天津）ItraveltotheBinhaiNewAreabylightrailwayeveryday,_____domanybusinessmenwholiveindowntownTianjin.
A.asB.whichC.whenD.though
A考查as连接的倒装句式。按照句意此处as有正如，正像的意思，故as符合。
3.（09陕西）GuncontrolisasubjectAmericanshavearguedforalongtime.
A.ofwhichB.withwhichC.aboutwhichD.intowhich
C考查定语从句，先行词是Guncontrol，指物，关系词在从句中做介词的宾语，介词前置，介词与从句动词构成搭配argueaboutsth，选C。
4.（09四川）She’llneverforgetherstaythere________shefoundhersonwhohadgonemissingtwoyearsbefore.
A.thatB.whichC.whereD.when
D考查定语从句的用法。herstay为先行词，可以理解为抽象的一段时间（她呆在那里期间），when指代herstay在定语从句中做时间状语。
5.（09浙江）Ihavereachedapointinmylife______Iamsupposedtomakedecisionsofmyown.
A.whichB.whereC.howD.why
B考查定语从句关系副词的选择。分析句式inmylife为插入成分；point为先行词，在定语从句中先行词做地点状语，意思为“我应该做出我自己决定的地方（某一点）”
6.（09北京）—Whatdoyouthinkofteacher,Bob？
—Ifinditfunandchallenging.Itisajob___youaredoingsomethingseriousbutinteresting.
A.whereB.whichC.whenD.that
A考查定语从句用法。分析定语从句主谓宾完整，说明应该填关系副词，先行词为ajob，定语从句的意思是在这个工作中……，所以答案用where引导的定语从句。
7.（09福建）It’shelpfultoputchildreninasituationtheycanseethemselvesdifferently.
A.thatB.whenC.whichD.where
D考查定语从句。先行词是situation，指物，亦可指地点，关系词在从句中做地点状语，用关系副词where，选D。
8.（09安徽）AgoodfriendofminefromIwasbornshowedupatmyhomerightbeforeIleftforBeijing.
A.howB.whomC.whenD.which
C考查定语从句用法。本题对学生来说较难,不容易看的懂.本句意为“就在我准备去北京前,我儿时的一位好朋友到我家里来了.”
9.（09安徽）Manychildren，parentsareawayworkinginbigcities，aretakengoodcareofinthevillage.
A.theirB.whoseC.ofthemD.withwhom
B本题考察定语从句的用法,属于较容易题.明显表达为”他们的父母”
10.（09湖南）IwasborninNewOrleans,Louisiana,acitynamewillcreateapictureofbeautifultreesandgreengrassinourmind.
A.whichB.ofwhichC.thatD.whose
D考查定语从句。先行词在定语从句中充当定语，意思为这个城市的名字。
11.（09全国2）Myfriendshowedmeroundthetown,wasverykindofhim.
A.whichB.thatC.whereD.it
A考查非限制性定语从句(这儿的which指代前面整句话内容。
12.（09江西）6.ThehouseIgrewup________hasbeentakendownandreplacedbyanofficebuilding.
A.initB.inC.inthatD.inwhich
B考查定语从句。Thehouse(which/thatIgrewupin),主语后面紧跟的是定语从句。
13.（09海南）7.Shebroughtwithherthreefriends,noneofIhadevermetbefore.
A.themB.whoC.whomD.these
C。考查定语从句中的非限制性定语从句。句意为：她带着她的三个朋友，他们三个中没有一个人我曾见过。表示“部分的词语+of+关系代词”在非限制性定语从句指人只能用whom。
14.（09山东）8.WheneverImether,_________wasfairlyoften,shegreetedmewithasweetsmile.
A.whoB.whichC.whenD.that
B非限制性定语从句，指代前面一个句子，故用which.
总体做题采用还原法：即把先行词还原到定语从句里边，看一下做什么成分、、指人、物；做主语、宾语还是状语等即可突破，具体说：
1.根据句子结构划出定语从句（划完后必须是两个独立的句子）。
2.根据先行词的特点、功能进一步选择。
⑴如果先行词在定语从句中主、宾语，则选关系代词。
⑵如果先行词在定语从句中做状语，则用关系副词。
3.根据先行词的具体用法进一步选择。
1．TheEnglishplay__________mystudentsactedattheNewYear’spartywasagreatsuccess.
A.forwhichB.atwhichC.inwhichD.onwhich
2．Helenwasmuchkindertoheryoungestsonthantotheothers,__________,ofcourse,madetheothersenvyhim.
A.whoB.thatC.whatD.which
3．Ifashophaschairs__________womencanparktheirmen,womenwillspendmoretimeintheshop.
A.thatB.whichC.whenD.where
4．Women_______drinkmorethantwocupsofcoffeeadayhaveagreaterchanceofhavingheartdiseasethanthose________don’t.
A.who;不填B.不填;whoC.who;whoD.不填;不填
5．TheBeatles,________manyofyouareoldenoughtoremember,camefromLiverpool.
A.whatB.thatC.howD.as
6.Somepre-schoolchildrengotoadaycarecenter,____theylearnsimplegamesandsongs.
A.thenB.thereC.whileD.where
7．Thebookwaswrittenin1946,____theeducationsystemhaswitnessedgreatcharges.
A．whenB．duringwhichC．sincethenD．sincewhen
8.TheScienceMuseum,________wevisitedduringarecenttriptoBritain,isoneofLondon’stouristattractions.
A.whichB.whatC.thatD.where
9.Yesterdayshesoldhercar,______sheboughtamonthago.
A.whenB.whereC.thatD.which
10.Bynineo’clock,alltheOlympictorchbearershadreachedthetopofMountQomolangma,_______appearedararerainbowsoon.
A.ofwhichB.onwhichC.fromwhichD.abovewhich
参考答案和详解：
1.C根据句子意思需选择介词in，从而构成actintheplay。关系代词在此是指Englishplay，指物，因此选择inwhich。注意：如果定语从句谓语动词为介词动词也就是由动词+介词构成的短语，那么介词必须后置，不能与动词拆开置于关系代词前面。
2.D这是一句非限制性定语从句，关系代词指代整个句子Helenwasmuchkindertoheryoungestsonthantotheothers，且从句中行为动词made是主动语态，因此选择which。
3.D此题答案是。这里的关系副词指代onchairs，指地点，因此选择where。不要误以为chair在句中是做主语或者宾语，在做此类题时一定要结合定语从句要表达的意思，做到“瞻前顾后”。
4.C审明句意：每天和多于两杯咖啡的女性比那些没有改习惯的女性得心脏病的可能性要大得多。在本题中的who都是引导定语从句，指代人，在定语从句中做主语，所以都不能省略。
5.D本题考查在实际语境中对于非限制性定语从句的应用能力。as引导定语从句，在从句中做remember的宾语，指代的是theBeatles“披头士乐队”。what引导名词性从句，在句中做主语宾语或表语，that引导限制性定语从句，how引导名词性从句。
6.D本题中用where引导定语从句，先行词是adaycarecenter，where在定语从句中做地点状语。注意then和there是副词，不能引导定语从句。While虽然是连词，但是只能用来连接状语从句。
7.D在本题中用sincewhen引导定语从句。因为句中的谓语haswitnessed是现在完成时,所以要用sincewhen。when指代上文中的in1946,表示“这本书是1946年写的,从那以后,教育体制发生了巨大变化”。
8.A本题考查的重点是非限制性定语从句。非限制性定语从句的先行词指物时，应用which而不用that，theScienceMuseum虽然是一个地点名词，但是在本句中的定语从句里做的是宾语而不是地点状语所以不能用where,尤其注意visit是一个及物动词。
9.D本题考查的是非限制性定语从句。题中空格前面主句中的先行词是car，空格后面定语从句的谓语动词bought后面缺一个宾语，只能选用关系代词。A项when和B项where都是关系副词，可以予以排除，C项that不能用于非限制性定语从句中。故选D。
10.D考查非限制性定语从句的介词＋which的用法，原句可还原成…ararerainbowappearedabove…。根据选项我们已经知道了考查的大方向，就是需要我们找到合适的介词搭配。
根据考纲要求，考生在复习备考时要弄清定语从句的先行词与关系词的关系；关系代词、关系副词的选择和运用；限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的用法以及强调句式和同位语从句和定语从句的区别。把握命题规律，一般定语从句的命题热点内容如下：
1.that与which的选用；that与where/when的选用；
2.“介词+which/whom”结构中介词的选用；
3.“介词+which”与when/where间的区别与联系；
4.which与as引导非限制性定语从句的区别；
5.“不定代词/数词+ofwhich/whom”与“不定代词/数词+ofthem”的选用；
6.定语从句中的主谓一致现象。1定语从句可以说是各地高考必然首先考虑的重要考点，在题目设计的过程中，势必会以“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句为热点，以非限制性定语从句为重点，以关系副词where引导的定语从句为难点。
7．在疑问句中或倒装句中考查定语从句
8.通过拆分词组和固定搭配或者添加插入语或状语来考查定语从句
做到了以上几点就能轻松拿到定语从句的分数。
1．Thetown_______wevisitedlastmonthistheone_______thefamouspainterwasborn.
A．where;whichB．which;whereC．which;thatD．where;where
2．WewenttoMountainTailastweekend,________,notsurprisingly,wascrowdedwithvisitors.
A.thatB.whichC.whereD.when
3.Wehopethatthemeasurestocontrolthestockmarket,____aretakenbythegovernment,willwork.
A.thatB.whereC.whichD.what
4．Manyfactorsinfluenceastudentinhis/herstudy,____Ithinkareoutofateacher’scontrol.
A.mostofthemB.mostofwhichC.mostofwhatD.mostofthat
5．—Obamawontheelection.It’samazing!
—Yes.Buttheresultwaswithin______wehadexpected,______broughtgreatjoytomanyyoungpeopleandtheblack.
A.that;whichB.that;thatC.what;whatD.what;which
6．He’sgothimselfintoadangeroussituation_________heislikelytolosecontrolovertheplane.
A.whereB.whichC.whileD.why
7.Itwasinthefactory_______hisfriendworked_______hepickedupalotofexperience.
A.where,whereB.that,whereC.that,thatD.where,that
8．Todaythepublicismuchconcernedabouttheway_______.
A．natureisbeingruinedB．whichnatureisruined
C．onwhichtoruinnatureD．ofnaturetoberuined
9．Youngpeoplewhohavegotjobsmayrealizeuniversitylessonscan’tbetheonlypreparationforallofthesituations________appearintheworkingworld.
A.whereB.whenC.thatD.what
10．Isittheyears_______youworkedinAfricaasadoctor_______haveagreateffectonyourliteraryworks?
A.that;whereB.that;thatC.when;whereD.when;that
11.Wasitinthewaitingroom______onlyallowsmothers-to-betoenterthatyoulostyourwallet?
A./B.whereC.thatD.when
12Obama,_______lifewasoncehardwhenhewasyoung,wereelectedPresidentofAmerican.
A.forwhomB.whoC.towhomD./
13_______hasbeenannounced,ourgovernmentwilltakemoremeasurestomakethefallingeconomicsrecoverassoonaspossible.
AThatBAsCItDWhat
14.LeeYuchunwastitledasthetopthinbeautyinAnsia,_______causedalotofdisagreementsinthefieldofentertainment.
A.thatB.whichCasDit
15ThereweresomanyattractionsinDisneyPark.Afterlunchwecametoaplace,_______stoodabigtower.
A.whichB.thatC./D.where
16．Apoliticaladvisorsuggestedgivingoutredpocketstothewholenationdirectlytoencourageeconomics，_____Ibelieveisofgreatvalue.
AthatB./C.whichD.why
17Isthisthewebsite_______youwanttohave____intoyourfilestohelpyoulearnEnglish?
A.who;toaddB.that;addC.whom;addingD.that;added
18．Wehaveheardofmanycases_______somecitizens，especiallysomefamouspeople，havesufferedbecausepersonalinformationhadbeenleaked.
A.whyB.whichC.asD.where
19．Tonyshowedmehisnewcellphone,_______wassmallbutitcouldchangecolorsindifferentweather.
A.thescreenofwhomB.whomthescreenofC.whichthescreenofD.thescreenofwhich
20．Iwillneverforgettheday_______Icametomyuniversityandtheday______Ispentinanewcity.
A.when;whichB.which;whenC.what;thatD.onwhich;when
参考答案和解析：
1.B注意在第一个空后面的定语从句里的visit是一个及物动词，所以thetown在定语从句里做的是visit的宾语，所以第一个空我们可以用that,which或者省略。第二个空的先行词theone指代的还是thetown,但是此时thetown在定语从句里做的是地点状语，所以要用where来引导定语从句。
2.B这里从总的方面来看考查的非限制性定语从句，我们找到定语从句的先行词，根据空格后面的wascrowdedwithvisitors我们可以判断这个定语从句的先行词应该是在山上人有很多而不是指时间，所以不能用when。
3.C本题考查的非限制性定语从句，句子的主干表达的意思是我们希望控制证券市场的措施会生效。那么…aretakenbythegovernment就是个定语从句来解释stockmarket，证券市场在非限制性定语从句中做的是主语，所以不能用where来引导从句。
4.B这个句子尤其要注意区分A和B选项的不同，只要我们注意了标点符号就知道这并不是个并列句，所以不能选A。因为是逗号，说明后面是个非限制性定语从句，这里考查的是介词＋which的用法，原句可还原成…mostofthefactors…。
5.D第一个空考查的是what引导的名词性从句在句子里做的是within这个介词的宾语，第二个空是由which引导的非限制性定语从句，这里的which指代的是奥巴马当选总统这件事。
6.A句意“他使得自己处于非常危险的境况中，（在这个境况中）他可能失去对飞机的控制”，所选择的关联词应该在定语从句中作地点状语，表示inthesituation。注意：where这个词不仅仅可以表地点，某人/物的情况、某事发展的阶段、某事的某个方面都可以用where这个关系副词来表达。
7.D本题是把定语从句放到了强调结构里来考查，第一个空是由where引导的定语从句解释说明thefactory，在定语从句里做的是地点状语。第二个空是itwas….that…强调结构。
8.A这里考查定语从句里的特殊情况就是当先行词是theway的时候，关系代词可以是that,inwhich或者省略。A选项就是符合第三种情况。
9.C注意在本句里的situation是先行词，在空格后的定语从句里缺少的是主语，而且指的是物，所以该空我们可以用which或者that，但是不管用什么都不能省略。
10.D该题既做到了把定语从句放到疑问句中，又做到了把定语从句放到强调结构里进行考查。第一个空是个定语从句，先行词是theyear，when在定语从句里是时间状语；第二个空是itis…that…强调结构。
11.C在考查定语从句的时候利用疑问句的特殊结构来干扰学生的正确选择比较常见。遇到这类定语从句时，最好的办法是先把疑问句还原成陈述句，然后判断谁是先行词，再看关系词在定语从句中所充当的成分，最后确定正确答案。在这个定语从句中的先行词是room,that在定语从句里做主语。
12.A这是一个非限制性定语从句，还考查到了“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句。根据句子意思需选择介词for,从而构成behardforObama.for的宾语是指人，这时就只能用whom。
13.B这是一句非限制性定语从句，关系代词指代整个句子weshallhaveourfinalexamsnextmonth，且位于句首，因此选择as。在定语从句中都可以作主语和宾语。但注意as引导的定语从句可置于句首，而which不可。
14.B在引导非限制性定语从句时，as和which都可以用来指代前面整句所表达的内容。As在从句中作主语时，后面常接动词的被动语态；如果从句中的行为动词是主动语态，一般用which做主语，所以正确选项应为B。
15.D在本句中为了保持句子平衡，句子用了倒装语序。倒装的使用使定语从句的结构变得较为特殊，对于这种情况，应先把倒装语序还原成正常语序，这样句子结构就比较清晰了。这里是非限制性定语从句解释前面的theplace.
16.C在考查定语从句时会利用插入语或状语的添加来增加试题的难度。常见的插入语有：Ithink（suppose,expect,believe,imagine）,inmyopinion,totellyouthetruth等。做这类题目时我们可以先删去插入语或状语，找出句子的主干。在该句中先行词是discovery，which是在引导非限制性定语从句，在句子里做主语。
17.D非谓语动词是英语中难度较大的语法项目之一，因而在定语从句中加入非谓语动词会增加考查定语从句的难度。对这类题目最有效的办法就是将句子还原。本句还原后应是：YouwanttohavethewebsiteaddedintoyourfilestohelpyoulearnEnglish.先行词是thewebsite,因为在定语从句里做宾语，所以可以用that,which或者省略，但是第二个空只能用added，因为还考查到了havesomethingdone，这里是网站被添加到收藏夹。
18.D定语从句的先行词cases在此意为“实例，情况”，根据从句的意思“在这些例子中（情境中）……”，先行词在从句中应该担当状语成分，表示inmanycases，所以用where来引导表示地点的定语从句。
19.D从四个选项的设置不难看出是考察介词加关系代词引导的非限制性定语从句。再从先行词watch可看出是指物，可排除A和B。C项中关系代词应放在介词之后，如改为ofwhichthescreen或者whosescreen也是可以的。
20.A在本句中两个先行词theday都是表示时间的名词,但第一个空白处要填的关系词在从句中作状语,因此要用关系副词when.第二个空白处要填的关系词在从句中作动词spent的宾语,因此要用关系代词which或that来引导定语从句。

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（。北京卷）C
HowRoomDesignsAffectOurWorkandFeelings
Architectshavelonghadthefeelingthattheplacesweliveincanaffectourthoughts,feelingsandbehaviors.Butnowscientistsaregivingthisfeelinganempirical（经验的，实证的）basis.Theyarediscoveringhowtodesignspacesthatpromotecreativity,keeppeoplefocusedandleadtorelaxation.
Researchesshowthataspectsofthephysicalenvironmentcaninfluencecreativity.In2007,JoanMeyers-LevyattheUniversityofMinnesota,reportedthattheheightofaroomsceilingaffectshowpeoplethink.Herresearchindicatesthathigherceilingsencouragepeopletothinkmorefreely,whichmayleadthemtomakemoreabstractconnections.Lowceilings,ontheotherhand,mayinspireamoredetailedoutlook.
Inadditionstoceilingheight,theviewaffordedbyabuildingmayinfluenceanoccupantsabilitytoconcentrate.NancyWellsandhercolleaguesatCornellUniversityfoundintheirstudythatkidswhoexperiencedthegreatestincreaseingreennessasaresultofafamilymovemadethemostgainsonastandardtestofattention.
Usingnaturetoimprovefocusofattentionoughttopayoffacademically,anditseemsto,accordingtoastudyledbyC.KennethTanner,headoftheSchoolDesignPlanningLaboratoryattheUniversityofGeorgia.Tannerandhisteamfoundthatstudentsinclassroomswithunblockedviewsofatleast50feetoutsidethewindowhadhigherscoresontestsofvocabulary,languageartsandmathsthandidstudentswhoseclassroomsprimarilyoverlookedroadsandparkinglots.
Recentstudyonroomlightingdesignsuggeststhandim（暗淡的）lighthelpspeopletoloosenup.Ifthatistruegenerally,keepingthelightlowduringdinneroratpartiescouldincreaserelaxation.ResearchersofHarvardMedicalSchoolalsodiscoveredthatfurniturewithroundededgescouldhelpvisitorsrelax.
Sofarscientistshavefocusedmainlyonpublicbuildings."Wehaveaverylimitednumberofstudies,sowerealmostlookingattheproblemthroughastraw（吸管）,"architectDavidAllisonsays."Howdoyoutakeanswerstoveryspecificquestionsandmakebroad,generalizeduseofthem?Thatswhatwereallstrugglingwith."
WhatdoesJoanMeyers-Levyfocusoninherresearch?
A.Light.B.Ceilings.C.Windows.D.Furniture.
B细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知JoanMeyers-Levyfocusonceilings.
Thepassagetellsusthat______.
A.theshapeoffurnituremayaffectpeoplesfeelings
B.lowerceilingsmayhelpimprovestudentscreativity
C.childreninadimclassroommayimprovetheirgrades
D.studentsinroomswithunblockedviewsmayfeelrelaxed
A细节判断题。根据文中内容可知B,C和D均是错误的。
Theunderlinedsentenceinthelastparagraphprobablymeansthat______.
A.theproblemisnotapproachedstepbystep
B.theresearchessofarhavefaultsinthemselves
C.theproblemistoodifficultforresearcherstodetect
D.researchinthisareaisnotenoughtomakegeneralizedpatterns
D句意猜测题。根据划线句子后面的一句话可以知道该题的正确答案为:D。
67.Whichofthefollowingshowstheorganizationofthepassage?
CP:CentralPointP:PointSP:Sub-point（次要点）C:Conclusion
C考查文章结构。注意解题技巧。第一段为总要点，最后一段为结论，要点123共同服务于结论，重要的是要点二又包含了两个次要点。综上分析可知答案为:C。
（.天津卷）A
Societiesallovertheworldnameplacesinsimilarways.Quiteoftenthereisnoofficialnamingceremonybutplacestendtobecallednamesaspointsofreferencebypeople.Thenanorganizedbodystepsinandgivestheplaceaname.Frequentlyithappensthataplacehastwonames:Oneisnamedbythepeopleandtheotherbythegovernment.Asinmanyareas,oldhabitsdiedhard,andtheplacecontinuestobecalledbyitsunofficialnamelongafterthemeaningislost.
ManyroadsandplacesinSingapore（新加坡）arenamedinorderthatthepioneerswillberememberedbyfuturegenerations.ThuswehavenamessuchasStamfordRoadandRafflesPlace.Thisisinkeepingwithtraditionsinmanycountries----inboththeWestandtheEast.
Anotherwayofnamingplacesisnamingthemafterotherplaces.Perhapstheywerenamedtopromotefriendshipsbetweenthetwoplacesoritcouldbethatthepeoplewhousedtolivetherewereoriginallyfromtheplacesthattheroadswerenamedafter.ThemysteryisclearerwhenweseesomeoftheroadsnamedinformerBritishbases.IfyoustepintoSelectorAirbaseyouwillseePiccadillyCircus----obviouslynamedbysomehomesickRoyalAirForcepersonnel.
Someplaceswerenamedaftertheactivitiesthatusedtogoonatthoseplaces.BrasBasahRoadisaninterestingexample,“BaseBasah”means“wetrice”inMalay（马来语）.Nowwhywouldanyonewanttonamearoad“WetRiceRoad”?Thereasonissimple.Duringthepioneeringdays,wetricewaslaidouttodryalongthisroad.
AfewroadsinSingaporearenamedbytheirshapes.Thereis“CircularRoad”forone.Otherroadsmayhavepartoftheirnamestodescribetheirshapes,like“PayaLebarCrescent”.Thisroadiscalledacrescent（月牙）becauseitbeginsonthemainroad,makesacrescentandcomesbacktojointhemainroadagain.
36.WelearnfromParagraph1that_____.
A.thegovernmentisusuallythefirsttonameaplace
B.manyplacestendtohavemorethanonename
C.aceremonywillbeheldwhenaplaceisnamed
D.peopleprefertheplacenamesgivenbythegovernment
B推理理解题。由“Frequentlyithappensthataplacehastwonames”可知。
37.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“diehard”inParagraph1probablymean?
A.Changesuddenly.
B.Changesignificantly.
C.Disappearmysteriously.
D.Disappearveryslowly.
D词义猜测题。根据下文“theplacecontinuestobecalledbyitsunofficialnamelongafterthemeaningislost”可知。
38.Whichofthefollowingplacesisnamedafteraperson?
A.RafflesPlace.
B.SelectorAirbase.
C.PiccadillyCircus.
D.PayaLebarCrescent.
A细节理解。答案见第二自然段。
39.BrasBasahRoadisnamed_______.
A.afteraperson
B.afteraplace
C.afteranactivity
D.byitsshape
C细节理解题。见第四自然段前两行。
40.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?
A.SomeplacenamesinSingaporearethesameasinBritain.
B.SomeplacesinSingaporearenamedformilitarypurposes.
C.ThewaySingaporeansnametheirplacesisunique.
D.YoungSingaporeanshaveforgottenthepioneers.
A推理判断题。由本文第一句话“Societiesallovertheworldnameplacesinsimilarways.”可推知。
考生在做阅读理解题时要把握考查五大要点：1.主旨大意类；2.细节理解类；3.推理判断类；4.词义猜测类；5.观点态度类等五大类别，然后每种类别采用不同的做题技巧来突破。具体说：
1．主旨大意类
技巧：1）抓住解题的关键----主题句和主题段。主题句经常出现在文章的开头或结尾之处，也有可能出现在文中，主题段通常在文章的开头用来交待文章的中心意思，然后在全段或全文中展开主题；2）准确了解文章结构，确切把握文章的脉络，然后利于阅读技巧，快速排除干扰信息，概括文章的大意和主题，确定正确选项。
2.细节理解类
1）细节理解题的解题原则是：要选择的答案一定要在原文中找到相关的词、词组、句子或段落。选择的依据必须是短文本身提供的信息，而绝不可根据自己的主观假设及推测或是自己的观点来决定；）2）在阅读过程中对涉及到who(何人)，when(何时)，where(何地)，how(怎样)，why(为何)等常考的细节内容做适当标记，以便于解题时迅速、准确地查找。3）根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选择要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。
3.推理判断类
1）做这类题时，应在理解全文的基础上，从文章本身所提供的信息出发，运用逻辑思维，同时借助一定的常识进行分析、推理和判断；2）要注意抓住关键词、短语、句子或段落，透彻理解文章内容，注意文章结构层次和逻辑关系，并结合阅读材料外的有关生活、社会的常识，仔细推敲，合理判断。
4.词义猜测类
联系语境，利用上文提供的解释或说明猜测词义。一个单词在不同的语境中有不同的意思，只有在一定的语言环境中，才能确定出词汇或语句的意义。
5.观点态度类
回答这类问题应该从篇章的体裁着手。一般来说，在说明文中作者的态度是客观的（objective）或中立的（neutral）；而在议论文中作者的观点才会显得多种多样。常见的词以及态度的短语有：positive(肯定的)；negative（否定的）；neutral（中立的）；approval（赞同的）；disapproval（不赞同的）；indifferent（冷淡的）；sarcastic（讽刺的）；critical（批评的）；optimistic（乐观的）；pessimistic（悲观的）；authoritative（有权威的）；objective（客观的）；subjective（主观的）；doubtful（怀疑的）；compromising（妥协的）等等。
判断作者的态度时也可以从文章中带有感情色彩的名词、动词、形容词或副词等，也可以根据作者举的例子来判断。
阅读理解:阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Imagineyou’reatapartyfullofstrangers.You’renervous.Whoarethesepeople?Howdoyoustartaconversation?Fortunately,you’vegotathingthatsendsoutenergyattinychipsineveryone’snametag(标签).Thechipssendbackname,job,hobbies,andthetimeavailableformeeting-whatever.Makingnewfriendsbecomessimple
Thishasn’tquitehappenedinreallife.ButtheworldisalreadyexperiencingarevolutionusingRFIDtechnology.
AnRFIDtagwithatinychipcanbefixedinaproduct,underyourpet’sskin,evenunderyourownskin.PassiveRFIDtagshavenoenergysource-batteriesbecausetheydonotneedit.Theenergycomesfromthereader,ascanningdevice,thatsendsoutenergy(forexample,radiowaves)thatstartsupthetagimmediately.
Suchatagcarriesinformationspecifictothatobject,andthedatacanbeupdated.Already,RFIDtechnologyisusedforrecognizingeachcarortruckontheroadanditmightappearinyourpassport.Doctorscanputatinychipundertheskinthatwillhelplocateandobtainapatient’smedicalrecords.AtanightclubinParisorinNewYorkthesamechipgetsyouintotheVIP(veryimportantperson)sectionandpaysforthebillwiththewaveofanarm.
Takeastepback:10or12yearsago,youwouldhaveheardaboutthecomingageofcomputing.Oneexamplealwaysseemedtosurface:Yourrefrigeratorwouldknowwhenyouneededtobuymoremilk.Theconceptwasthatcomputerchipscouldbeputeverywhereandsendinformationinasmartnetworkthatwouldmakeordinarylifesimpler
RFIDtagsareasmallpartofthisphenomenon.“Theworldisgoingtobealooselycoupledsetofindividualsmalldevices,connectedwirelessly,”predictsDr.J.Reich.Humanrightsupportersarenervousaboutthepossibilitiesofsuchtechnology.ItgoestoofartrackingschoolkidsthroughRFIDtags,theysay.Weimagineaworldinwhichabeercompanycouldfindoutnotonlywhenyouboughtabeerbutalsowhenyoudrankit.Andhowmanybeers.Accompaniedbyhowmanybiscuits.WhenMarconiinventedradio,hethoughtitwouldbeusedforship-to-shorecommunication.Notforpopmusic.WhoknowshowRFIDandrelatedtechnologieswillbeusedinthefuture.Here’sawildguess:Notforbuyingmilk.
1.Thearticleisintendedto_______.
A.warnpeopleofthepossiblerisksinadoptingRFIDtechnology
B.explainthebenefitsbroughtaboutbyRFIDtechnology
C.convincepeopleoftheusesofRFIDtechnology
D.predicttheapplicationsofRFIDtechnology
2.WeknowfromthepassagethatwiththehelpofRFIDtags,people_______.
A.willhavenotroublegettingdataaboutothers
B.willhavemoreenergyforconversation
C.willhavemoretimetomakefriends
D.won’tfeelshyatpartiesanylonger
3.PassiveRFIDtagschieflyconsistof______.
A.scanningdevicesB.radiowavesC.batteriesD.chips
4.WhyaresomepeopleworriedaboutRFIDtechnology?
A.Becausechildrenwillbetrackedbystrangers.
B.Becausemarketcompetitionwillbecomemorefierce.
C.Becausetheirprivateliveswillbegreatlyaffected.
D.Becausecustomerswillbeforcedtobuymoreproducts.
5.ThelastparagraphimpliesthatRFIDtechnology.
A.willnotbeusedforsuchmattersasbuyingmilk
B.willbewidelyused,includingforbuyingmilk
C.willbelimitedtocommunicationuses
D.willprobablybeusedforpopmusic
B
ItisdifficultfordoctorstohelpapersonwithadamagedbrainWithoutenoughblood,thebrainlivesforonlythreetofiveminutesMoreoftenthedoctorscan’tfixthedamageSometimestheyareafraidtotrysomethingtohelpbecauseitisdangeroustoworkonthebrainThedoctorsmightmakethepersonworseifheoperatesonthebrain
Dr.RobertWhite,afamousprofessoranddoctor,thinksheknowsawaytohelpHethinksdoctorsshouldmakethebrainverycold.Ifitisverycold,thebraincanlivewithoutbloodfor30minutes.Thisgivesthedoctoralongertimetodosomethingforthebrain.
Dr.Whitetriedhisideaon13monkeys.Firsthetaughtthemtododifferentjobs,thenheoperatedonthem.Hemadethemonkeys’bloodbacktothemonkeys’brains.Whenthebrain’stemperaturewas10℃,Dr.Whitestoppedthebloodtothebrain.After30minutesheturnedthebloodbackon.Hewarmedthebloodagain.Aftertheiroperationsthemonkeyswereliketheyhadbeenbefore.Theywerehealthyandbusy.Eachonecouldstilldothejobsthedoctorhadtaughtthem.
6.Thebiggestdifficultyinoperatingonthedamagedbrainisthat_____.
A.thetimeistooshortfordoctors
B.thepatientsareoftentoonervous
C.thedamageisextremelyhardtofix
D.theblood-coolingmachinemightbreakdown
7.Thebrainoperationwasmadepossiblemainlyby_____.
A.takingthebloodoutofthebrainB.tryingtheoperationonmonkeysfirst
C.havingthebloodgothroughamachineD.loweringthebrain’stemperature
8.WithDr.White’snewidea,theoperationonthedamagedbrain.
A.canlastaslongas30minutesB.cankeepthebrain’sbloodwarm
C.cankeepthepatient’sbrainhealthyD.canhelpmonkeysdodifferentjobs
9.Whatistherightorderofthestepsintheoperations?
A.sendthecooledbacktothebrainB.stopthebloodtothebrain
C.havethebloodcooleddownD.operateonthebrain
A.a,b,c,dB.c,a,b,dC.c,b,d,aD.b,c,d,a
10.Whichofthefollowingisnottrue?
A.Ifthereisn’tenoughblood,thebraincanliveforonlythreetofiveminutes.
B.Ifthebrainisverycold,itcanlivewithoutbloodforhalfanhour.
C.Dr.Whitetriedhisideaforthirteentimes.
D.Aftertheiroperations,themonkeyswerehealthyandbusyagain
C
ThetraditionaltentcitiesatfestivalssuchasGlastonburymayneverbethesameagain.Inavictoryofgreenbusinessthatiscertaintoappealtoenvironmentally-awaremusic-lovers,adesignstudentistoreceivefinancialsupporttoproduceeco-friendlytentsmadeofcardboardthatcanberecycledafterthebandsandthecrowdshavegonehome.
MajorfestivalssuchasGlastonburythrowawaysome10,000abandonedtentsattheendofeventseachyear.ForhisfinalyearprojectattheUniversityoftheWestofEngland,JamesDunlopcameupwithamaterialthatcanberecycled.AndtocopewiththeBritishsummer,thecardboardhasbeenmadewaterproof.
TakinginspirationfromaJapanesearchitect,whohasusedcardboardtomakebigbuildingsincludingchurches,Mr.Dunlopusedcardboardmaterialforhistents,whichhecalledMyhabs.
ThedesignwonanawardattheannualNewDesignersExhibitionafterMr.Dunlopgraduatedfromhisproductdesigndegreeandhedecidedtotrytoturnitintoabusiness
Toraisemoneyfortheidea,hetouredthecity’sprivatecompanieswhichfundnewbusinessandfoundasupporterinthefinancegroupMint.HeintroducedhisideatofourofMint’sdirectorsandwontheirsupport.Minthascommittedaround500,000toMyHabsandtakenashareof30percentinMr.Dunlop’sbusiness.ThefirstMyhabsshouldbetestedatfestivalsthissummer,beforebeingmarketedfullynextyear.
Mr.Dunlopsaidthatthedesign,whichaccommodatestwopeople,couldhaveotheruses,suchasfordisasterreliefandhousingfortheLondonOlympics.
Formusicevents,thecardboardhouseswillbeorderedonlineandputupatthesitesbytheMyhabsteambeforethefestival-goersarriveandremovedbythecompanyafterwards.Theycanbepersonalizedandthecompanywillofferreductionsontheexpenseifpeopleagreetosellexterior(外部的)advertisingspace.
Thebiggestfestivalsattracttensofthousandsofparticipants,withGlastonburyhavingsome150,000eachyear.Altogethertherearearound100annualmusicfestivalswherepeoplecampintheUK.Theeventsarebecomingincreasinglyenvironmentallyconscious.
11.“Eco-friendlytents”inparagraph1refertotents_______.
A.economicallydesirableB.favorabletotheenvironment
C.forholdingmusicperformances1D.designedfordisasterrelief
12.Mr.Dunlopestablishedhisbusiness.
A.independentlywithaninterest-freeloanfromMint
B.withtheapprovaloftheCity’sadministration
C.inpartnershipwithafinancegroup
D.withthehelpofaJapanesearchitect
13.Itisimpliedinthepassagethat_______.
A.theweatherintheUKischangeableinsummer
B.mostperformancesatBritishfestivalsaregivenintheopenair
C.thecardboardtentsproducedbyMr.Dunlopcanbeuser-tailored
D.cardboardtentscanbeeasilyputupandremovedbyusers.
14.Thepassageismainlyconcernedwith.
A.anattemptatdevelopingrecyclabletents
B.someeffortsatmakingfulluseofcardboards
C.anunusualsuccessofagraduationproject
D.theeffectsofusingcardboardtentsonmusicfestivals
15.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?
A.Don’tUseTentsAgain
B.TheAdvantagesofTents
C.HowtoProduceTents
D.TheDevelopmentofRecyclableTents
答案及解析
A
本文主要讲述的是一项新技术RFID的应用及它的前景
1.D主旨大意题。通读全文得知。
2.A细节理解题。根据第一段“Fortunately，you’vegotathingthatsendsout…andthetimeavailableformeeting-whatever”，可推知选A。
3.D细节理解题。根据第三段“AnRFIDtagwithatinychipcanbefixed…PassiveRFIDtagshavenoenergysource--batteriesbecausetheydonotneedit”，可知选D。
4.C细节理解题。根据第六段“Humanrightsupportersarenervous…Itgoestoofartracking…Accompaniedbyhowmanybiscuits”可知选C。
5.B推理推断题。根据最后一段提到的Marconi在发明收音机时只想应用在轮船与陆地沿岸的交流沟通，没想到应用在流行音乐上，因而谁知道RFID及相关技术在未来将怎样使用，可能会用在买牛奶的问题上。
B
本文主要讲述的是医生不断探索如何给受伤的脑部做手术的事。
6.A细节理解题。根据第一段“Itisdifficultfordoctorstohelpaperson….thebrainlivesforonlythreetofiveminutes”，可知选A。
7.D细节理解题。从“Ifitisverycold，thebraincanlivewithoutbloodfor30minutes”可知。
8.A细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知选A。
9.B细节理解题。根据最后一段第三句至第九句可推知选B。
10.C细节理解题。从第三段内容可知C项说法是没有根据的
C
本文主要介绍开发和使用可再利用的帐篷。
11.B词义猜测题。根据第一段最后一句可知，eco-friendlytents是用纸板做，在乐队和人群离开回家后，可以重复使用的，显然是对环境有利的。另外，根据eco-friendly的构成也可猜出其含义为“环境友好的”，上文environmentally-ware(有环境意识的)也有提示作用。
12C细节理解题。根据第五段内容可知，Mr.Dunlop与财团Mint为合作关系，Mint财团为其MyHabs项目提供50万英镑的资金支持，Mr.Dunlop提供技术并负责实施该项目，作为回报，Mint财团将获得Mr.Dunlop企业的30％的股份，故选C。A项获得Mint的无息贷款，显然错。Mr.Dunlop寻求的是theCity’sprivatecompanies的支持，而非城市管理部门的批准，B错。他的创意是受到日本建筑师的启发，而非得到其帮助，D错。
13.C推理判断题。倒数第二段最后一句“Theycanbepersonalized"暗示可以根据用户的要求裁剪式样。根据第二段最后一句可推知英国夏季多雨，但不能推出changeable(易变，多变)的，A错。根据倒数第三段可知，这种帐篷只能睡两个人，显然不是为搭建露天演出棚所用，只是为那些观看节目演出，而又难以承担或不愿支付居住高额旅馆的年轻(学生)野外露宿所用，演出应不是露天，至少不能推出B正确。根据倒数第二段首句，这种帐篷可在网上订购，但该公司将派安装队负责安装和拆除，可见安装和拆除不是很容易，D错。
14.A主旨大意题。文章关注的是开发和使用可再利用的帐篷，A正确。这种帐篷将利用纸板，但这不是根本目的，B错。这种帐篷的确是Mr.Dunlop最后一年的课题，但文章聚集的不是大学生的课题，而且该项目尚不能说取得了成功，还有待实践去检验，C错。现在尚只是使用，效果如何尚是未知，D错
15.D主旨大意题。纵览全文得知，文章讲的是开发和使用可再利用的帐篷问题，所以D正确。

A
AttentionTimHortons
StainlessStellTravelMugOwners
LidRecall-15ozStainlessSteelTravelMug
Afaultatthecuphasbeenrecognized.Thefaultmayresultinsomelidsliftingslightlyfromthebodyofthemug,andcouldprobablycauseinjuryfromhotliquidleaking.Therefore,wehavegivenanimmediatelidrecallnotice.ThisRecallnoticeisrelatedonlytoTimHortons15ozStainlessSteelTravelMugssoldbetweenOctober2005andJanuary2006.Thebottomofthemugisstampedwithdistributor’sname,“ThermosServ”Thereisnoprintingonthehandleofthemug.
AtTimHortons,wevalueourcustomers’safetyaboveanythingelse.So,whetheryourlidisleakingornot,intheinterestofyoursafety,wearerequestingthatyoubringyourmugtoyournearestTimHortons(excludingEssoTimHortons),wheretheywillexchangethelidforanewlidthatfitssafety.ThenewlidswillbeavailableFebruary1,2006;pleasedonotuseyourmuguntilyouexchangethelid.
Here’swhatyoudo:
*Pleasedonotuseyourmuguntilyouhaveexchangedthelidforanewone.
*NewlidswillbeavailableFebruary1,2006.
*ReturnyourtravelmugtoaTimHortonsstore(asofFebruary1,2006).
*Yourlidwillheexchangedforanewlid.
Ifyouprefertoreturntheentiremug,bringitbackatanytimeforafullrepayment.
Ifyouhaveanyquestionsregardingthisrecall,pleasecontactusat:
TollFreeNumber:1-888-601-1616
8:30am–5:00pmEasternStandardTime
1．Thisadvertisementistryingto.
A．introduceanewtypeofmugsB．persuadepeopletobuyanewlid
C．informpeopleofexchangingalidD．warnagainstthedangerofusingthemug
2．Theadvertisementismainlyaimedatthosewho.
A．oftentravelaroundB．have15ozStainlessmugs
C．wanttobuy15ozstainlessmugsD．aresellingthemugs
3．Accordingtotheadvertisement,whichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?
A．Peopleshouldstopusingthemugimmediately.
B．Peoplecangetthemoneybackiftheyreturnthemug.
C．Peoplewithquestionscancallthecompanyfreeofcharge.
D．PeoplecanreturnthelidbetweenOctober2005andJanuary2006.
4．FromthepassagewecanlearnthatTimHortons.
A．isaclubfortravelersB．wantstomakemoremoney
C．caresaboutthecustomers’safetyD．isanorganizationhelpingcustomers
B
Surprisingly,nooneknowshowmanychildrenreceiveeducationinEnglishhospitals,stilllessthecontentorqualityofthateducation.Properrecordsarejustnotkept.Weknowthatmorethan850,000childrengothroughhospitaleachyear,andthateverychildofschoolagehasalegalrighttocontinuetoreceiveeducationwhileinhospital.Wealsoknowthereisonlyonehospitalteachertoevery1,000childreninhospital.Littlewonderthelatestsurveyconcludesthattheextentandtypeofhospitalteachingavailabledifferagreatdealacrossthecountry.ItisfoundthathalfthehospitalsinEnglandwhichadmitchildrenhavenoteacher.Afurtherquarterhaveonlyapart-timeteacher.Thespecialchildren’shospitalsinmajorcitiesdobest;generalhospitalsinthecountryandholidayareasareworstoff.Fromthissurvey,onecanestimatethatfewerthanoneinfivechildrenhavesomecontactwithahospitalteacher—andthatcontactmaybeaslittleastwohoursaday.Mostchildreninterviewedweresurprisedtofindateacherinhospitalatall.Theyhadnotbeenpreparedforitbyparentsortheirownschool.Iftherewasateachertheyweremuchmorelikelytoreadbooksanddomathornumberwork;withoutateachertheywouldonlyplaygames.Reasonsforhospitalteachingrangefrompreventingachildfallingbehindandmaintainingthehabitofschooltokeepingachildoccupied,andthelatterisoftenalltheteachercando.Thepositionandinfluenceofmanyteacherswassummedupwhenparentsreferredtothemas“thelibrarylady”orjust“thehelper”.Childrentendtorelyonconcernedschoolfriendstokeepintouchwithschoolwork.Severalparentsspokeofrequestsforworkbeingignoredorrefusedbytheschool.Oncebackatschoolchildrenrarelygetextrateaching,andaretoldtocatchupasbestastheycan.
Manyshort-staychild-patientscatchupquickly.Butschoolsdoverylittletoeasetheanxietyaboutfallingbehindexpressedbymanyofthechildreninterviewed.
1．Theauthorpointsoutatthebeginningthat.
A．everychildinhospitalreceivessometeaching
B．notenoughisknownabouthospitalteaching
C．hospitalteachingisofpoorquality
D．thespecialchildren’shospitalsareworstoff
2．Fromthelatestsurveyweknowthat_______.
A．hospitalteachingacrossthecountryissimilar
B．eachhospitalhasatleastonepart-timeteacher
C．allhospitalssurveyedoffereducationtochildren
D．onlyone-fourthofthehospitalshavefull-timeteachers
3．Childreninhospitalusuallyturnto_____inordertocatchupwiththeirschoolwork.
A．hospitalteachersB．schoolmatesC．parentsD．schoolteachers
4．Wecanconcludefromthepassagethattheauthoris.
A．unfavourabletowardschildrenreceivingeducationinhospitals
B．infavourofthepresentstateofteachinginhospitals
C．unsatisfiedwiththepresentstateofhospitalteaching
D．satisfiedwiththeresultsofthelatestsurvey
C
Whydoescreamgobadfasterthanbutter?Someresearchersthinktheyhavetheanswer,anditcomesdowntothestructureofthefood,notitschemicalcomposition—afindingthatcouldhelpbreakawayfromsomechemicals.Creamandbuttercontainprettymuchthesamethings,sowhycreamshouldgobadmuchfasterhasbeenaproblem.Botharesmallglobules(小球)ofoneliquidspreadthroughoutanother.Thedifferenceliesinwhat’sintheglobulesandwhat’sinthesurroundingliquid,saysBrocklehurst,wholedtheresearch.Incream,fattyglobulesdriftaboutinaseaofwater.Inbutter,globulesofawateryroadsarelockedawayinaseaoffat.Thebacteriawhichmakethefoodgobadprefertoliveinthewateryareasofthemixture.“Thismeansthatincream,thebacteriaarefreetogrowthroughoutthemixture,”hesays,Wheninbutter,thebacteriaarelockedawayinlockedplacesburieddeepintheseaoffat.Trappedinthisway,thosecoloniescannotspreadandrapidlyrunout.Theyalsoslowlypoisonthemselveswiththeirwasteproducts.”Inbutter,yougetaself-limitingsystemwhichstopsthebacteriagrowing,”saysBrocklehurst.Theresearchersarealreadyworkingwithfoodcompanieseagertoseeiftheirproductscanbemadetostandbacterialattackthroughchangesofthefood’sstructure.
Brockelehurstbelievesitwillbepossibletomakesomethingusedinsaladcream,forinstance,morelikethatinbutter.Thekeywillbetodothiswhilekeepingthesaladcreamliquidandnotturningitintoasolidstate.
1．ThesignificanceofBrocklehurst’sresearchisthat.
A．itsuggestedawaytokeepsomefoodsfreshwithoutusingsomechemicals
B．itdiscoveredsmallglobulesinbothcreamandbutter
C．itshowedthesecretofhowbacteriaincreaseincreamandbutter
D．itfoundthatcreamandbuttersharethesamechemicalcomposition
2．AccordingtoBrocklehurst,wecankeepcreamfreshbut_____.
A．removingitsfatB．killingthebacteria
C．reducingitswaterD．changingitsstructure
3．Theunderlinedword“colonies”refersto______.
A．tinyglobulesB．wateryregions
C．bacteriasocietyD．littledepartments
4．Commercialuseoftheresearchfindingwillbepossibleifsaladcreamcanbemadetostandbacterialattack.
A．bychangingitschemicalcompositionB．byturningitintoasolidlump
C．whilekeepingitsstructureunchangedD．whileitsliquidformremains
D
Fiveyearsago,DavidSmithworeanexpensivesuittoworkeveryday.“Iwasaclothesaddict.”hejokes.“IusedtocarryafreshsuittoworkwithmesoIcouldchangeifmyclothesgotwrinkled.”TodayDavidwearscasualclothes—khakipantsandasportsshirt—totheoffice.Hehardlyeverwearsanecktie.“Iamworkingharderthanever.”Davidsays,“andIneedtofeelcomfortable.”
Moreandmorecompaniesareallowingtheirofficeworkerstowearcasualclothestowork.IntheUnitedStates,thechangefromformaltocasualofficewearhasbeengradual.Intheearly1990s,manycompaniesallowedtheiremployeestowearcasualclothesonFriday（butonlyonFriday）.Thisbecameknownas“dress-downFriday”or“casualFriday”.“Whatstartedoutasanextraone-day-a-weekbenefitforemployeeshasreallybecomeaneverydaything.”saidbusinessconsultantMaislyJones.
Whyhavesomanycompaniesstartedallowingtheiremployeestowearcasualclothes?Onereasonisthatit’seasierforacompanytoattractnewemployeesifithasacasualdresscode.”“Alotofyoungpeopledon’twanttodressupforwork,”saystheownerofasoftwarecompany,“soit’shardtohirepeopleifyouhaveaconservative（保守的）dresscode.”Anotherreasonisthatpeopleseemhappierandmoreproductivewhentheyarewearingcomfortableclothes.InastudyconductedbyLeviStraussandCompany,85percentofemployerssaidthattheybelievethatcasualdressimprovesemployeemorale（心境，士气）.Only4percentofemployerssaidthatcasualdresshasanegativeinfluenceonproductivity.Supportersofcasualofficewearalsoarguethatacasualdresscodehelpsthemsavemoney.“Suitsareexpensive,ifyouhavetowearoneeveryday,”onepersonsaid.“Forthesameamountofmoney,youcanbuyalotmorecasualclothes.”
1．DavidSmithreferstohimselfashavingbeen“aclothesaddict,”because.
A．heoftenworekhakipantsandasportsshirt
B．hecouldn’tstandacleanappearance
C．hewantedhisclothestolookneatallthetime
D．hedidn’twanttospendmuchmoneyonclothes
2．DavidSmithwearscasualclothesnow,because.
A．theymakehimfeelateasewhenworking
B．hecannotaffordtobuyexpensiveclothes
C．helookshandsomeincasualclothes
D．henolongerworksforanycompany
3．Accordingtothispassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsisFALSE?
A．Manyemployeesdon’tlikeaconservativedresscode.
B．Comfortableclothesmakeemployeesmoreproductive.
C．Acasualclothescodeiswelcomedbyyoungemployees.
D．AlltheemployersintheU.S.areforcasualofficewear.
4．Accordingtothispassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?
A．Companyworkersstartedtodressdownabouttwentyyearsago.
B．Dress-downhasbecomeaneverydayphenomenonsincetheearly90s.
C．“Dress-downFriday”wasfirstgivenasafavorfromemployers.
D．Manyworkerswanttowearcasualclothestoimpresspeople.
5．Inthispassage,thefollowingadvantagesofcasualofficeweararementionedEXCEPT.
A．savingemployees’money
B．makingemployeesmoreattractive
C．improvingemployees’motivation
D．makingemployeeshappier
参考答案：(A)CBDC(B)BDBC(C)ADCD(D)CADCB
考生在复习备考中对于阅读理解题的失分往往有两大因素：1.知识性障碍：1）语法障碍；2）词汇障碍；3）文化背景障碍；2.非知识性障碍：1）阅读习惯；2）阅读速度；3）阅读技巧；4）心理素质；如果想克服这些障碍，在复习备考中解决阅读理解的问题，在考试中拿到理想的成绩我们可以做到如下几个方面的要求：
1.培养良好的阅读习惯，掌握有效的阅读技巧
要培养良好的阅读习惯，平时要多朗读、背诵精彩段落和文章，以培养语感。另外克服不良的阅读习惯如有些学生在阅读中出声读、点读或回读，同时不要逐句翻译理解文章，因为文章的中心贯穿于文章的始终，逐句翻译很容易断章取义，不利于中心的把握，浪费时间；另外不能在阅读的过程中寻求词典帮助，来解决生词问题这样容易打断阅读的思路，不利于积极思维的培养。除了养成良好的阅读习惯外，掌握阅读技巧也是很关键的，一般考生在平时的学习、复习备考中应该形成正确的思维方法，阅读材料时注意如下几点：
1）略读。即快速通读全文，抓住文章大意和主题句，明确作者的态度和意图；2）跳读。快速查找某一相关信息，读时要一目十行，对不想关的内容一带而过；3）猜测生词。即在阅读中遇到的纲外词要借助于上下文、语境来把握。
2.掌握牢固的语法知识，克服长句阅读的障碍
近几年来的高考阅读理解题短文的句式结构趋向复杂，语法知识在阅读中的作用已经凸显出来。如在阅读中遇到的长句就可以借助语法分析句子结构，弄清各部分的关系，就能准确理解整句的意思。
3.重视英语词汇和习惯用法的积累，克服阅读中的词汇障碍
阅读能力的高低和词汇量的大小是分不开的，考生在复习备考中要采用新方法、新思路积极主动地把纲内词和拓展延伸的词汇掌握起来。
4.积累一定的文化背景知识和生活知识，克服文化常识障碍
阅读能力的提高不仅需要语言知识，还需要有一定的文化背景知识和生活知识，考生在复习备考中，不应该仅满足于课文中的介绍，而要查找、查阅与之相关的内容，对世界各地的发展历史、风俗人情、地理位置、气候特点等都有所了解。
5.调整好心态，坚持限时阅读训练，以提高阅读速度，克服心理障碍
保持良好的心态，平时训练高考化，高考平时化。限时阅读能培养实战感觉和良好的应试状态。
总之，考生只要坚持正确的阅读方法，培养阅读的兴趣，广泛阅读，积累词汇，并且养成良好的阅读习惯，考生的阅读能力一定会有大幅度提高。

（精品推荐）高考二轮复习英语学案--专题二十阅读表达

（精品推荐）高考二轮复习英语学案--专题二十阅读表达
(1)
（.山东卷）阅读表达（共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，并根据短文后的要求答题（请注意问题后的字数要求）。
[1]Hello.It’soneofthefirstwordswelearnasbabies,yetit’soneofthelastoneswethinktouseasadults.That’sunfortunate,becausesayinghelloismorethanjustsayinghello—itisrecognitionofanother’sworth.Howmighttheworldchange—howmightwechange—ifwemasteredthisword?Tofindout,IspentonemonthsayinghellotoeverypersonImet.Here’swhatI’velearned.
[2]Itcanboost（促进）productivity.Inoneofthefewstudieseverdoneonthissubject,AllanAllday,anassistantprofessorofspecialeducationatOklahomaStateUniversity,hadmiddleschoolteachersgreettheirstudentsindividuallyeachmorning.Thisexchangeofgreetingsraisedthekids’productivity.Schoolwentfromimpersonaltopersonal,andthatresultedinmoreclassparticipationandbettergrades.
[3]Environmentsinfluencefriendliness,Onestudyfoundthatpeopleinthecitywerekisslikelytoonehandswithastrangerthanthoseinthecountryside.Andresearcherssay,pleasureenvironmentsgenerallyencouragemoresmilesandhellosthanunpleasantones.Myexperiencewassimilarly.Whateverthereason,myurbanhelloswereansweredfarlessoftenthanmyruralone.Similarly,peopleinvacationspots,liketheJerseyShore,werefarfriendlierthanthosehurryingworkdowntown.
[4]It’saformofuniversalhealthinsurance.It’simpossibletosayhellowithoutsmiling.Andsmilinghasbeenshowntolowerbloodpressure,relievestressandboosthappiness.Apparently,asmilecreatesasimilareffectintherecipient（接受者）。
[5]Somaybewecanmaketheworldabetterplaceby____________.Afteramonthofdoingit.IfeellighterandmoreconnectedandIhaveabettersenseofwell-being.
76.WhatdoestheauthorsayabouttheadultsaccordingtoParagraph1?（within8words）
_________________________________________________________________________
77.Whichsentenceinthetextistheclosestinmeaningtothefollowingone?
Teachersandstudentsgotfriendliersothatthestudentsbecamemoreactiveinlearningandscoredhigherintests.
____________________________________________________________________________
78.FillintheblankinParagraph5withproperwords.（within5words）
79.Listthreeeffectsofsmilingonhealthaccordingtothetext.（within8words）
①②③
80.TranslatetheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph3intoChinese.
_______________________________________________________________________________
（2）
（.天津卷原创解析）第一节:阅读表达（共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分）
阅读下面短文,并按照题目要求用英语回答问题.
AlmosteverybodyinAmericawillspendapartofhisorherlifebehindashoppingcart（购物手推车）.Theywill,inalifetime,pushthechrome-platedcontraptionsmanymiles.Butfewwillknow—oreventhinktoask—whoitwasthatinventedthem.
SylvanN.Goldmaninventedtheshoppingcartin1937.Atthattimehewasinthesupermarketbusiness.Everydayhewouldseeshopperslugging（吃力地携带）groceriesaroundinbasketstheyhadtocarry.
OnedayGoldmansuddenlyhadtheideaofputtingbasketsonwheels.Thewheeledbasketswouldmakeshoppingmucheasierforhiscustomers,andwouldhelptoattractmorebusiness.
OnJune4,1937,Goldman’sfirstcartswerereadyforuseinhismarket.Hewasterriblyexcitedonthemorningofthatdayascustomersbeganarriving.Hecouldn’twaittoseethemusinghisinvention.
ButGoldmanwasdisappointed.Mostshoppersgavethecartsalonglook,buthardlyanybodywouldgivethematry.
Afterawhile,Goldmandecidedtoaskcustomerswhytheyweren’tusinghiscarts.“Don’tyouthinkthisarmisstrongenoughtocarryashoppingbasket?”oneshopperreplied.
ButGoldmanwasn’tbeatenyet.Heknewhiscartswouldbeagreatsuccessifonlyhecouldpersuadepeopletogivethematry.Tothisend,Goldmanhiredagroupofpeopletopushcartsaroundhismarketandpretendtheywereshopping!Seeingthis,therealcustomersgraduallybegancopyingthephony（假冒的）customers.
AsGoldmanhadhoped,thecartsweresoonattractinglargerandlargernumbersofcustomerstohismarket.Butnotonlydidmorepeoplecome—thosewhocameboughtmore.Withlarger,easier-to-handlebaskets,customersunconsciouslyboughtagreaternumberofitemsthanbefore.
Today’sshoppingcartsarefivetimeslargerthanGoldman’soriginalmodel.Perhapsthat’sonereasonAmericanstodayspendmorethanfivetimesasmuchmoneyonfoodeachyearastheydidbefore1937—beforethecomingoftheshoppingcart.
56.Theunderlinedwords“chrome-platecontraptions”inParagraph1referto______________________________________________________________________________.
（Nomorethan3words）
57.WhatwasthepurposeofGoldman’sinvention?（Nomorethan10words）
_______________________________________________________________________________
58.WhywasGoldmandisappointedatfirst?（Nomorethan10words）
______________________________________________________________________________
59.WhydidGoldmanhirepeopletopushcartsaroundhismarket?（Nomorethan10words）
60.WhatdoyouthinkofGoldman?Pleasegiveyourreasons.（Nomorethan20words）
_______________________________________________________________________________
参考答案：
（1）
76.Adultsarenotwillingtosayhello.
由Hello.It’soneofthefirstwordswelearnasbabies,yetit’soneofthelastoneswethinktouseasadults.可知。
77.Schoolwentfromimpersonaltopersonal,andthatresultedinmoreclassparticipationandbettergrades.由所给句子关键词friendlier,scoredhigher可知第二段的最后一句合适。
78.sayinghellotoeachother/greetingeachother/sayinghello
由整体文意和五段上下文可知。
79.①loweringbloodpressure②relievingstress③boostinghappiness从文中2、3、4可知。
80.不管出于什么原因，我在城里打招呼得到的回应比在乡村少得多。
（2）
56.shoppingcarts；词义猜测题。由上句----apartofhisorherlifebehindashoppingcart（购物手推车）可以得出谈的是.购物手推车。
57.Itwastomakeshoppingeasierandattractmorebusiness；细节理解表达。由二段的Everydayhewouldseeshopperslugging（吃力地携带）groceries和第三段可知他做购物手推车的目的。
58.Becausefewcustomersusedhiscarts；细节理解表达。由第五段可知。
59.Becausehewantedtopromotehisshoppingcarts；细节推理表达题。由第七段关键词---persuadepeopletogivethematry.可知。
60.Hewasasmartbusinessman.Heinventedtheshoppingcartandmadeitacceptedbycustomers.
Or:Hewassmartbutheshouldn’thaveusedtrickstoattractcustomers.
主旨大意表达题。通读全文把握大意，本文主要介绍Goldman和他的购物手推车。
阅读表达题是自2007年开始山东省高考试题中增加的一种新的测试题型，要求考生在阅读所给短文，然后按照题目要求回答文后的五个问题，每个问题3分，总分15分。该题型的测试目的是从多方位多角度考查考生通过阅读获取信息、处理信息并进行书面表达的能力。比传统的阅读理解题型更具综合性和主观性，更能体现对考生的综合语言运用能力的考查。考生在做阅读表达题时，注意如下解题方法与技巧：
1、主旨概括：主要考查考生对文章内容的整体把握能力。要想答好该题，考生必须有很强的概括能力或归纳能力，要善于寻找能够概括全文的主题段落或者主题句，剔除文中的细节事实或者作者所用的论据，即要分清主旨和细节，概括出来的中心意思一定要能够覆盖全文或整个段落，绝对不可太笼统离题太远或者以偏概全；文中标题格式可以是完整的句子，简洁的短语，也可以用问题的形式，同时要注意字数要求。具体的表达可以先根据文章内容找出关键词，再在此基础上确定文章标题或者文章的mainidea。
2、同义句替换：只有准确理解所给句子的意义，才能准确快速地找出原文中意义相同的句子。
3、填空：回答此类问题时，一定首先注意弄清楚上下文的逻辑关系，如递进、转折、并列、对比、因果等等；然后根据上下文的含义搞清楚空白处该填句子还是短语或者单词，再读上下文，最后确定答案。
4、翻译句子：在该类题目中要求翻译的句子往往是结果较为复杂或者包括一些特定习语的句子。因此再翻译之前一定要先分析句子结构，并结合文章中心思想以及上下文弄清句子所在的语境，同时还要注意英、汉两种语言及其问题特征的差异，最后在忠实于原文的基础上，把画线部分的句子翻译成符合汉语表达习惯的句子。
5、封闭性问题：封闭性问题是指答案是固定或唯一的问题，一般可在文章中找到明确的答案或依据，包括常见的wh-questions。
6、开放性问题：开放性问题是阅读表达中主观性最强的试题，要求考生结合个人的观点、经验来回答相关问题。
7、其他类型：该题是结合文章的不同题材和体裁给出的除以上6种类型以外的类型的题。比如设计图表题，推理判断题等。
（1）
Ourlittleboycameuptohismotherinthekitchenoneeveningwhileshewasfixingsupper，andhandedherapieceofpaperthathehadbeenwritingon.Afterhismomdriedherhandsonanapron，shereadit，andthisiswhatitsaid：
Forcuttingthegrass$5.00
Forcleaningupmyroomthisweek$1.00
Forgoingtothestoreforyou$0.50
Baby－sittingmykidbrotherwhileyouwentshopping$0.25
Takingoutthegarbage$1.00
Forgettingagoodreportcard$5.00
Forcleaningupandrakingtheyard$2.00
Totalowed：$14.75
Well，I’lltellyou，hismotherlookedathimstandingthereexpectantly，andboy，couldIseethememoriesflashingthroughhermind.Soshepickedupthepen，turnedoverthepaperhe’dwrittenon，andthisiswhatshewrote：
FortheninemonthsIcarriedyouwhileyouweregrowinginsideme，NoCharge.
ForallthenightsthatI’vesatupwithyou，doctoredandprayedforyou，NoCharge.
Forallthetryingtimes，andallthetearsthatyou’vecausedthroughtheyears，there’sNoCharge.
Forallthenightsthatwerefilledwithdread，andfortheworriesIknewwereahead，NoCharge
Forthetoys，food，clothes，andevenwipingyournose，there’sNoCharge，Son.
Whenyou___________________，thecostofmyloveisNoCharge.
Well，friends，whenoursonfinishedreadingwhathismotherhadwritten，thereweregreatbigoldtearsinhiseyes，andhelookedstraightupathismotherandsaid：“Mom，Isuredoloveyou.”Andthenhetookthepenandingreatbiglettershewrote：“PAIDINFULL”.
1.What’sthebesttitleofthepassage?
_______________________________________________________________________________
2.Whichsentenceinthepassageistheclosestinmeaningtothefollowingone?
Althoughyouhavebroghtmehardthimesandmanytearsintheseyears,youneedn’tpayforthem.
_______________________________________________________________________________
3.Pleasefillintheblankinthepassagewithproperwordsorphrasestocompletethesentence.(withintenwords)
___________________________________________________________________________
4.Whatdoyoulearnafterreadingthepassage?(within30words)
___________________________________________________________________________
5.TranslatetheunderlinedsentenceintoChinese.
____________________________________________________________________________
（2）
AnAmericanfriendofminewhowashighupinabigcorporationhadworkedoutawayofhandlingafloodofe-mailsbeforemostofushadevenheardoftheconcept.Ifanyinformationhewassentwasvitalenough,hislackofresponsewouldensurethesenderranghimup,ifthesenderwasn’timportantenoughtohavehisprivatenumber,thecommunicationcouldn’tbethatimportant,myfriendisnowevenmoreseniorinthesamecompanysothestrategymustwork.
Almosteveryweeknowthereseemstobeareportsuggestingthatweareallbeingdrivencrazybythebotherofe-mail.Ifthisisthecase,it’sonlybecausewehaven’tdevelopedanappropriatediscriminationindealingwithit.
_________.Firstly,youjunknothingwithanexclamationmarkorastringofcapitalletters,orfromanyaddressyoudon’trecognizeorfeelconfidentabout.
Secondly,e-mailsdon’tallhavetobeanswered.Becausee-mailingissoeasy,there’satendencyforcorrespondencetocarryonforever,butitispermissibletostopanendlessdiscussionortoacceptapointofinformationsentbyacolleaguewithoutacknowledgingit.
Thirdly,areplye-maildoesn’thavetobethesamelengthastheoriginal.Weallhavee-mailpalswhosendlong,　chattye-mail,whicharenicetoreceive,butwhothenexpectanequallylongreply.Thecharmofe-mailcanconsistinthesimple,incompletesentence,totallyregardlessoftheformatofthelettersentbypost.Youareperfectlywithintheboundsofpolitenessinrespondingtoamarathone-mailwithabetterreply.
1．Whichsentenceinthepassageistheclosestinmeaningtothefollowingone?
Thepossibleexistenceofannoyanceresultsfromourinabilitytosortoute-mails
_______________________________________________________________________________
2．FillintheblankinParagraph3withapropersentence.(within10words)
_______________________________________________________________________________
3．Whatadviceisgiveninthelastparagraph?(within10words)
_______________________________________________________________________________
4．ForwhatpurposedoestheauthormentionhisAmericanfriendinParagraph1?(within10words)
_______________________________________________________________________________
5．TranslatetheunderlinedsentenceinthelastparagraphintoChinese.
_______________________________________________________________________________
参考答案:(1)
1.NoCharge
2.Forallthetryingtimes,andallthetearsthatyou’vecausedthroughtheyears,there’sNoCharge.
3.additallup
4.Loveofourmothersisgreatandweshouldappreciateitfromthebottomofourhearts.
5.然后，他拿起笔写了几个大字：“全部偿付”
(2)
1.Ifthisisthecase,it’sonlybecausewehaven’tdevelopedanappropriatediscriminationindealingwithit.该题为同意句替换题，细读所给句子，不难得出其意义“这些令人恼火的情况之所以存在，是因为我们没有对电子邮件进行分类的能力”。然后对照原文，就很容易找到其同意句了。
2.E-mail(s)canbehandledinthefollowingways./Herearethewaystodealwithe-mail(s)./handlinge-mail(s)isanart.该题为填空题。做该类题目首先要根据上下文搞清楚所填内容是句子还是短语或单词。从该题要求来看我们可以知道此处要填入合适的句子。联系上下文可知，下文所列三条都是处理电子邮件的方法，那就不难知道，此处所填句子内容应该是一个概括性较强的topicsentence，这样我们就不难知道该填什么内容了。
3.Youmayreplytoalonge-mailbriefly./Youdon’thavetowritealongreplye-mail.该题为封闭性问题，要求答出最后一段所给的建议。做这种类型的题目时，首先要读懂该段要告诉读者的是什么信息，然后根据要求进行总结，因为有字数限制，所以答题时要特别注意如何用词和如何组织语言。从最后一段的第一句我们就可以知道这条建议是告诉读者“在回复e-mail时，不必和对方来信的长度一样”。其实这句话就是该问题的答案，但是由于有字数限定，我们就必须改变一下说法，使答案的字数控制在10个单词以内，这样就可以避免学生照抄原文，从而达到考察学生灵活运用语言能力的目的。
4.Toshowawayofhandlinge-mail(s)withanexample./Tointroducethetopicofthetext.该题属于其他类型的题目，要求考生写出作者在第一段中提到他美国朋友的写作意图。纵观全文不难知道，该短文的主旨是向读者介绍处理电子邮件的方法。而作者在第一段引用他美国朋友处理邮件的方法做为例子，目的正是为了揭示文章主题。
5.用简短的话回复冗长的邮件完全不失礼节。/用简短的话回复马拉松式的电子邮件也是礼貌的。该题为句子翻译题。做该题时应先分析句子成分，搞清每个意群的含义，然后结合上下文以及文章的中心思想，调整成符合汉语表达习惯的通顺的汉语句子。翻译该句，关键是搞清处两个短语的含义，一个是withintheboundof(在…范围内),另一个是inrespondingto(作答，回复)。
考生在做阅读表达题时要注意如下几个方面的问题：1.阅读时理清文章的脉络、掌握文章的主旨大意，并能运用简洁的语言表达。同时对文章分层次理解，先把握结构、框架性的东西，然后理解细节。综合全篇推断作者的观点、态度、意图等。因为叙述性试题有字数的限制，因此要言简意赅，回答要符合试题要求；2.回答要有针对性观点要明确。不可以即觉得一种观点合理，又觉得另一种观点也可以；在提出对建议的看法时，要明确表达某种观点是好的，然后陈述这种观点的优势，切记在支持了某种观点后再叙述其他建议的长处；3.不要摘抄文章原句。具体说考生在复习备考训练该题型时要依据题型特点，正确处理各种类型的题目，要做到如下几点：
1、文章标题、主旨概括类型
这类问题要求考生在理解全文后归纳文章的要点，概括中心思想。考生需要把握作者的观点、态度、语气等，分析文章的篇章结构，抓住文章开头的主题句或文章最后的结论，捕捉与题目有关的信息，从而找出能概括文章主旨的题目和中心思想。尤其要注意文章的首位段的首末句，这里往往是文章的主旨所在。主旨概括要有高度的针对性，要新颖,语言要简练，格式要正确。
(1)必须具有高度的概括性和针对性。要抓住文章的中心要点，并结合文章讲述的范围，对文章的标题或主旨进行高度的概括。要分清文章的主旨和细节，决不能以偏概全或是毫无目的，离题千里。
(2)标题要简洁、必须新颖。作为文章的标题必须在概括全文的基础上，尽量给人以新颖、全新的感觉。
(3)注意书写格式正确。文章标题一般不要使用标点符号，可以是完整的句子，可以是简短的短语，也可以是问题的形式，同时要注意字数的要求（标题要求一般不超过10个词）。标题一般要求实词第一个字母大写，虚词不大写，如果虚词位于开头也大写；也可以只大写开头第一个字母；也有的所有的字母都大写。所以为了保证不出现这方面的错误，最好只把第一个单词的首字母大写，其它都小写（专有词汇需要大写的除外，如China等）。
2、同义句替换
此题型相对于其他题型较容易。对于这种类型的问题，应注意英语语言的转换理解，要对句子的意义进行正确的理解，弄透所给句子的意思，然后根据语句中的关键词，迅速找出文中意义相同的句子，然后规范的抄在指定的地方。具体步骤如下：
(1)注意语句中的关键词，迅速找到相关语句。关键词往往为表示时间、地点等的状语，然后与题目值得语句进行比对，确定其相似性。
(2)抄写规范、清晰。书写时要工整，避免抄写时粗心大意，不能够出现词汇、标点符号等的错误。
3、完成句子
语境和上下文之间的逻辑关系是回答该类问题关键。语句间的逻辑性是我们解决这类问题的着眼点，要找出语句间的一些递进、并列、对比、转折、因果等的关系，在理解全文的基础上把握上下文之间的逻辑关系，要充分考虑整句话的语言环境，特别注意上下，前后句子的弦外之意，确定需要填写的是短语还是完整句子，并注意书写时的问题，如大小写等。该类问题的字数要求会比较少，所以语言一定要简练；答完后要检查一下，看上下文是否通顺，能否恢复文章作者原本想表达的思想、内容或意图。
4、封闭型问题
对于封闭性的问题，首先应认真审题，弄清楚题目的要求，在文章中找到明确的依据，回答应该具有针对性，紧扣题目，语言既要完整又要简洁。回答要具有针对性，要避免答非所问。
5、开放型问题
开放性问题是阅读表达中主观性最强的试题，需要考生在准确把握文章的主旨的前提下，结合个人的观点、经验设计出符合文章相关内容和题目要求的答案。该题的答案是多样性和主观性的，但同时必须符合题目的要求。具体需要注意以下几点：
(1)围绕主旨，理清要点。在正确把握文章主旨的前提下，如果文中有相应提示，通读全文根据原文找相关答案，理清要点、言简意赅。注意词数要求，打好草稿，写明要点。
结合经验，自由发挥。如果文中没有提示，要求结合个人观点、经验自由发挥，围绕文章的。
(2)中心观点列出要点，再用加法在字数要求范围内扩点成句，润色上档。答案具有多样性，但自由发挥的同时要注意围绕文章的中心观点展开论述，防止不着边际，离题万里。

阅读下面的短文，请根据短文后的要求答题（请注意问题后的词数要求）。
（1）
Soyourebetweentheagesof13and24.Whatmakesyouhappy?Spendingtimewithfamilywasthetopanswertothatopen-endedquestion,accordingtoanextensivesurvey--morethan100questionsaskedof1,280peopleaged13-24--conductedbyTheAssociatedPressonthenatureofhappinessamongAmericasyoungpeople.
Nextwasspendingtimewithfriends.Andgoodnewsforparents:Nearlythreequartersofyoungpeoplesaytheirrelationship__________makesthemhappy.
"Theyremyfoundation,"saysKristianaSt.John,17,ahigh-schoolstudentfromQueensinNewYork."MymomtellsmethatevenifIdosomethingstupid,shesstillgoingtolovemenomatterwhat.Justknowingthatmakesmefeelveryhappyandblessed."
Otherresultsaremoredisconcerting.Whilemostyoungpeoplearehappyoverallwiththewaytheirlivesaregoing,thereareracialdifferences:thepollshowswhitestobehappierthanblacksandHispanics.Alotofyoungpeoplefeelstress,particularlythosefromthemiddleclass,andfemalesmorethanmales.
Youmightthinkmoneywouldbeclearlytiedtoageneralsenseofhappiness.Butalmostnoonesaid"money"whenaskedwhatmakesthemhappy,thoughpeoplewiththehighestfamilyincomesaregenerallyhappierwithlife.However,havinghighlyeducatedparentsisastrongerpredictorofhappinessthanincome.
Overwhelmingly,youngpeoplethinkmarriagewouldmakethemhappyandwanttobemarriedsomeday.Mostalsowanttohavekids.
Finally,whenaskedtonametheirheroes,nearlyhalfofrespondentsmentionedoneorbothoftheirparents.Thewinner,byanose:Mom.
1.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?(Pleaseanswerwithin10words)
_______________________________________________________________________________
2.Whichsentenceinthepassagecanbereplacedbythefollowingone?
Althoughmostyouthsaregenerallyhappywiththeirpresentlife.Therearedifferencesbetweendifferentraces.
_______________________________________________________________________________
3.Pleasefillintheblankinthesecondparagraphwithproperwordsorphrasestocompletethesentence.(Pleaseanswerwithin10words)
_______________________________________________________________________________
4.Whatdoyouthinkisthemostimportantfactorthatmakesyouhappy?Why?(Pleaseanswerwithin30words)
_______________________________________________________________________________
5.TranslatetheunderlinedsentenceintoChinese.
_______________________________________________________________________________
（2）
阅读下面的短文，请根据短文后的要求答题（请注意问题后的词数要求）。
About40percentofthetopstudentsincollegeentranceexaminationshavechosenoverseasuniversitiesfortheirpostgraduatestudies，accordingtoasurvey.
Mostofthemhavestayedoverseasafterfinishingtheirintendedcourses，showedasurveythattracked130topperformersincollegeentranceexamsfrom1977to1998.
Thesurvey，releasedontheChinaAlumniAssociationwebsite，founditworryingthatmanyofthetopstudentswouldnot________despitethecountrysrapiddevelopmentinthepastfewdecades.Thegovernmentshouldfindbetterwaystoholdbacktalentedstudents，saidCaiYanhou，aprofessorwithCentralSouthUniversityinChangsha，capitalofHunanProvince.
UNESCOfiguresshowChinesestudentscomprise14percentofinternationalstudents，thehighestintheworld.TheirfavoritedestinationsforhigherstudiesaretheUS，BritainandJapan.Someexpertssaidhandsomescholarships，betterjobprospectsandmoreopportunitiestopursuefurtherstudiesarethemainattractionsofforeignuniversities.
ButCai，whoalsoledthesurveyteam，said"topinexams"doesnotnecessarilymean"topincareer"becausethestudyfoundnoneofthetopstudentsatcollegeentranceexamshadbecomeatopChineseexpertoracademic.Someofthemarejustmoreadaptabletoexam-orientededucationthantheirpeers，expertssaid.
Themediafillpagesandtimeslotswiththeir"success"storiestogainwiderreadershipandviewership.Highschoolspromotetheirformerstudentsproudlytoattractnewones，anduniversitieswanttoshowtheirsuperiorstatusbyrecruitingthem，theysaid.
Wanghopedfuturereformswoulddoawaywiththescore-orientedmethodsothatstudentscanbejudgedfromallaspects.
1.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage？（Pleaseanswerwithin10words）
______________________________________________________________________________
2.Whichsentenceinthepassagecanbereplacedbythefollowingone？
Thetopstudents"success"storiesarewidelyannouncedbythemediatoattractthereadersandtheviewersinterest.
_______________________________________________________________________________
3.Pleasefillintheblankinthesecondparagraphwithproperwordsorphrasestocompletethesentence.（Pleaseanswerwithin10words）
______________________________________________________________________________.
4.Ifyouareoneofthetopstudentsincollegeentranceexaminations，willyouchoosetostudyabroad？Whyorwhynot？（Pleaseanswerwithin30words）
______________________________________________________________________________.
5.TranslatetheunderlinedsentenceintoChinese
______________________________________________________________________________.
（3）
阅读下面的短文，请根据短文后的要求答题（请注意问题后的词数要求）。
ORPHANS(孤儿)whoseparentsdiedofAIDSinHenanProvincehavebeengivennewhope．Lastweektheprovincialgovernmentansweredthechildren’scriesbypromising60millionyuantoimproveschools，orphanages(孤儿院)andlivingconditions．ButwithouttheeffortsofDrGaoYaojie,thesecriesmayneverhavebeenheard．
“I’madoctorandit’smydutytocurediseasesandsavelives,”saidthe77-year-oldgrandmother．Gaowasnamedoneofthe2003peopleofyearonFebruary20byCCTVaftermillionsofpeopletookpartinanonlinepoll．Butin1996，whenshestaredtopromoteAIDSawareness，usingmoneyfromherownpocket，heractionswerewidelymisunderstood．
“AlthoughsomeofthechildrenwerebornwithHIV，90percentofthemwerenotinfected，”Gaosaid.”Butpeoplestillrejectthem．Manyorphanschangetheirnamesafterfindingafosterfamily(领养家庭).”
ThehorrorofHenan’sAIDSproblembecameknownin1996．Frequentandunsafeblood-sellingbypoorfarmersinthelate1980sandearly1990shadcausedHIVtospreadthroughdirtyneedlesandinfectedblooduse．Asadoctor，Gaobelievedsheshouldhelp：overthelasteightyearsshehasvisitedoverl,000AIDSandHIVpatientsandpublishedthousandsofpamphletsonAIDSawareness．Withherhelp，hundredsoforphanshavereturnedtoschoolorfoundfosterfamilies．
“It’sadisasterforthewholenation，notonlyforthoseinnocentpatientsandtheirfamilies，”sheexplained，Gaoisdelightedthatsomanychildlessfamiliesoffertofosterorphans．Butthereisstillmuchthatcanbedonetosupportthesechildren．”Ihopethatwarm-heartedhighschoolstudentswillalsoreachoutandofferahelpinghand，”shesaid．
1．WhywasGaoYaojienamedoneofthe2003peopleofyear?
2．Whatisthebesttitleofthispassage?
3．Translatetheunderlinedsentenceinthesecondparagraph．
4．Whatdidthegovernmentpromisetodoforchildren?
5．HowdidtheHIVspreadsofastinthe1980sandearly1990s?
参考答案：（1）
1.Familyisthetopanswertoyouthhappiness.
2.Whilemostyoungpeoplearehappyoverallwiththewaytheirlivesaregoing,thereareracialdifferences.
3.withtheirparents
4.略。
5.然而，和高收入相比较，拥有受到过高等教育的父母是一种更有力的幸福的预兆
（2）
1.40%topChinesestudentschoosetostudyabroad.
2.Themediafillpagesandtimeslotswiththeir"success"storiestogainwiderreadershipandviewership.
3.stayinChinaforhigherstudies
4略
5.王希望未来的改革将会摈除以分取人的方式从而使学生得到全方位的评价。
（3）
1.Becausethegovernmentwouldnotanswerthechildren’scrywithouther.
2.Givinglifeandhope
3.“我是一名医生，我的职责是救死扶伤。”这位77岁的老太太说。
4.Tosupply60millionyuanforchildrenwhoseparentsdiedofAIDS.
5.Itspreadthroughdirtyneedlesandinfectedblooduse

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