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高考语法专题:代词

一名优秀负责的教师就要对每一位学生尽职尽责,作为教师就要在上课前做好适合自己的教案。教案可以让学生更好地进入课堂环境中来,帮助教师能够更轻松的上课教学。教案的内容要写些什么更好呢?以下是小编收集整理的“高考语法专题:代词”,仅供参考,希望能为您提供参考!

高考语法专题:代词
考纲新研读

代词辨析是考查的重点。类例:
1.none,neither,both,each
2.neither,some,all,both
3.other’s,theother,another,other
4.anyother,theother,another,other
5.something,anything,everything,nothing
6.us,it,itself,ourselves
7.bothofthem,eitherofthem,noneofthem,neitherofthem
8.which,what,that,theone
9.none,noone,everyone,someone
10.little,much,some,none
1.人称代词:主格作主语,宾格作宾语、表语。
2.物主代词:
3.反身代词:
4.指示代词
主要有:this,that,these,those,such,same,作主语、宾语、表语、
定语:
that和those可代替前面提到的名词(特指);泛指用one和ones
(可数)。
Thecostofmycarishigherthanthatofyours.
Thesemachinesarebetterthanthosewemadelastyear.
5.不定代词(是学习的重点)
(1)both两者都……;either两者中哪个都……;neither两者中哪
个都不……。三个词都指“两者”:
Bothofyouareright.
Youmaytakeeitherroad.
Eitheryouaremad,orIam.
(2)all三者以上,或用作不可数:
Allthatcanbedonehasbeendone.
部分否定:
Notallantsgooutforfood.=Allantsdon’tgooutforfood.
=Someantsdon’tgooutforfood.
并不是所有的蚂蚁都出去找食物。
Botharenotcorrect.
并不是两个都对。(有一个不对)
全部否定:
三者以上用noneof...;两者用neitherof...;none与of连用;noone可单独用。
—Howmanypensdoyouhave?
—None.
(3)no=notany,“没有”;every,“每一个”,与all同义,只能做定
语;each与every不同,是把东西一个个考虑。
(4)some和any
some用于肯定句,any用于否定、疑问和条件句中。但有些疑
问句表示请求、建议、邀请、预料或鼓励对方做出肯定答复时,
用some:
Wouldyoulikesomebeer?
Willyoukindlygivemesomepaper?
(5)many和much
主要用于疑问句和否定句,肯定句多用alotof;many修饰可
数名词;much修饰不可数名词。
Doyouhavemanyfriendsthere?
Dotheytakemuchinterestinit?
much用作副词修饰比较级,“……得多”:
Ifeelmuchbetternow.
(6)another,other,theother,theothers,others
another(三个以上)“任何一个”,“另一个”:
Idon’tlikethisbook.Pleaseshowmeanother(one).
Wewaitedforherforanothertwoweeks.
other“另外的”,“别的”,只能做定语:
Thereareotherbooksonhissubject.
theother(两者中)“另一个”:one...,theother...指两者;
one...another...指三者以上
others(泛指)另外的人和物;theothers其余全部:
Somestudentsarecleaningthewindowsandothersare
carryingwater.
Someofthechildrenaresingingandtheothersaredancing.
Weneedfiveother(more)chairs.
I’lltakethisone;youmaytaketheother.
高考新剖析
1.—Wow!You’vegotsomanyclothes.
—But__________ofthemareinfashionnow.
[年高考上海卷]
A.allB.bothC.neitherD.none
2.Overthepast20years,theInternethelpedchangeourworld
in__________wayoranotherforthebetter.
[年高考重庆卷]
A.anyB.oneC.everyD.either
3.Beingaparentisnotalwayseasy,andbeingtheparentofa
childwithspecialneedsoftencarrieswith__________extra
stress.[年高考北京卷]
A.itB.themC.oneD.him
4.Oneofthemostimportantquestionstheyhadtoconsiderwas
__________ofpublichealth.[年高考全国卷Ⅰ]
A.whatB.thisC.thatD.which
D
B
A
C
5.Nineintenparentssaidthereweresignificantdifferencesin
theirapproachtoeducatingtheirchildrencomparedwith
__________oftheirparents.[年高考江苏卷]
A.thoseB.oneC.bothD.that
6.—Doyouwantteaorcoffee?
—__________.Ireallydon’tmind.[2008年高考上海卷]
A.NoneB.NeitherC.EitherD.All
7.__________wantstostayinahotelhastopaytheirownway.
[2008年高考浙江卷]
A.AnyoneB.TheoneC.WhoeverD.Who
8.Thetwogirlsaregettingonverywellandshare__________
witheachother.[2008年高考安徽卷]
A.littleB.muchC.someD.none
9.ItwashardforhimtolearnEnglishinafamily,inwhich
__________oftheparentsspokethelanguage.
[2008年高考北京卷]
A.noneB.neitherC.bothD.each
D
C
C
B
B
10.ToknowmoreabouttheBritishMuseum,youcanusethe
Internetorgotothelibrary,or__________.[2008年高考天津卷]
A.neitherB.someC.allD.both
精题新探究
1.—Haveyougotadigitalcamera?
—No.
—Youshouldbuy__________.
A.oneB.itC.thatD.this
2.__________elsewhoisinterestedingoingonthetripshouldsee
meattheendofthislesson.
A.SomebodyB.AnyoneC.SomeoneD.Nobody
3.—Ican’tbelievehe’sfifty.Helookssoyoung.
—__________neither.
A.MeB.IC.heD.him
4.—Jerry,isthatyourcar?
—No,__________isparkedovertheroad.
A.myB.mineC.itD.its
D
A
B
A
B
5.Here’ssomemoney.Getyourselfasandwichor__________.
A.everythingB.somethingC.anythingD.nothing
6.Thesefactsareunimportantin__________,butifyouputthem
together,theymaymean.
A.itB.themC.itselfD.themselves
7.Ontwooccasionsshewasaccusedofstealingmoneyfromthe
company,butin__________casewasthereanyevidenceto
supporthisclaims.
A.neitherB.eitherC.bothD.none
8.We’reoutofmilk.Couldyoubring__________homefromthe
store?
A.anyB.someC.itD.them
9.__________Ineedisaroofovermyheadandadeliciousmeal.
A.ThatB.WhichC.AllD.Whatever
10.After__________considerationwehavefinallyarrivedata
decision.
A.fewB.littleC.manyD.alittle
B
D
A
B
C
D
11.—Isthereanymoresoup,Mum?
—No,I’mafraidthereisn’t__________.
A.someB.noneC.anyD.many
12.It’seitherSpanishorPortuguesethatshespeaks,butI’ve
forgotten__________.
A.whichB.whoC.whomD.what
13.Toourdisappointment,we’llhavetowait__________three
weeksfortheresults.
A.otherB.anotherC.moreD.each
14.Wealwayskeep__________sparepaper,incasewerunout.
A.toomuchB.anumberof
C.plentyofD.agoodmany
15.I’dappreciate__________ifyouwouldliketoteachmehowto
usethecomputer.
A.thatB.itC.thisD.you
C
A
B
C
B

相关阅读

高考英语语法专题复习部分代词的用法和区别


一名优秀的教师就要对每一课堂负责,作为高中教师就要早早地准备好适合的教案课件。教案可以让学生能够在课堂积极的参与互动,帮助高中教师能够井然有序的进行教学。那么,你知道高中教案要怎么写呢?小编经过搜集和处理,为您提供高考英语语法专题复习部分代词的用法和区别,欢迎您参考,希望对您有所助益!

Unit10 Money
语法剖析活用
部分代词的用法和区别
some,any和no的用法:
这三个词都是不定代词,之所以叫不定代词,是因为往往不清楚其所指的是谁或什么。这三个词的使用环境简要归纳如下:?
1.some?
1)修饰复数可数名词或不可数名词,意为“几个,一些”。如:?
Givemesomewater,andIhavesomequestionstoask.?
给我些水,我有几个问题要问。?
2)修饰单数可数名词,意为“某个”。如:?
Heisvisitingsomeoldpainteratsomeplace.?
他正在某个地方拜访某位老画家。?
3)一般用于肯定句,但也可以用于表示“请求”“建议”或希望得到肯定回答的问句中。如:
Willyougetmesomemilk??
给我拿些牛奶好吗??
4)可以修饰数词,意思相当于about,表示“大约”。如:?
Ithappenedsometwentyyearsago.?
这事发生在大约20前。?
2.any?
1)修饰复数可数名词或不可数名词,意为“一些”,用于否定句和疑问句。如:?
Isthereanymoneyinthedrawer??
抽屉里有钱吗??
2)有时修饰单数可数名词。如:?
Doyouknowanygooddoctor??
你认识什么好大夫吗??
Doyouhaveanyquestion??
有什么问题吗??
3)用于if或whether引导的宾语从句中。如:?
Iwonderwhetheryouhavemetanyofthesepeoplebefore.?
我不知道你以前是否见过这些人。?
4)用于条件句。如:?
Letmeknowifyouhaveanytrouble.?
有麻烦一定要告诉我。?
5)也可以用于肯定句,意为“任何的”。如:?
Anytimeyouwantme,justsendforme.?
什么时候需要我,就给我捎个信儿。?
3.no?
只有形容词性质,作定语。可修饰单数、复数的可数名词以及不可数名词,意为“没有,不是”。
1)用于therebe,have之后,相当于notany。如:?
Therearenolettersforyoutoday.?
今天没有你的信。(=Therearenotanylettersforyou.)?
2)用于系动词后,相当于nota,但语气强烈,意为“根本不,也不可能……”。如:?
Thegirlisnofool.这姑娘才不傻呢。?
3)用于警示语。如:?
Nosmoking!不许吸烟!?
Noparking!禁止停车!
alotof,many和much的用法:?
1.alotof既可以修饰可数名词复数,也可以修饰不可数名词,可以变形为lotsof;many只修饰可数名词复数;much只修饰不可数名词。?
2.many和much更常用于否定句和疑问句,或是whether或if引导的宾语从句中。只有在many和much作主语时,或是很正式的英语中才见到它们用于肯定句。如:?
Didyouhavemuchrainofyourholiday??
你休假时雨下得多吗??
Idoubtwhetherthere’llbemuchtimeforseeingthesights.Thetrainleavesatsix.?
我怀疑能否会有很多时间去观光,火车六点就开了。?
Muchhasbeendonetosolvetheproblem.?
解决这个问题的很多事情已经完成了。?
3.在日常英语中,使用alotof或lotsof来代替它们用于肯定句中,表达“许多”的概念。如:
There’sstillalotofworktodo.?
仍旧有许多工作要做。
all和none的用法:?
1.all指三者或三者以上的人或物。作代词时,可以与of一起用;也可以不带of,既可接可数名词,也可接不可数名词。如:?
All(of)theboyswanttobecomefootballplayers.?
所有男孩子都想当足球运动员。?
All(of)thatmoneyyougavethemhasbeenspent.?
你给他们的那些钱都花光了。?
2.all相当于名词时,指人,意为“大家”,复数含义,谓语动词要用复数;指物,单数含义,谓语动词要用单数。如:?
Allarewelcome.所有的人都受欢迎。?
Allishereandnothingislost.?
所有东西在,什么都没丢。?
3.none是all的否定词,否定三者或三者以上的人或物。谓语动词既可以是单数,也可以是复数。如:?
Noneofthestudentsareinterestedinthebook.?
学生们都不喜欢这本书。?
Noneofthebookswassold.?
这些书一本都没卖出去。
both和neither的用法:?
1.both指“两者都”,既可指人,也可指物,表示复数含义,但只能指两个。如:?
Idon’tknowwhichbookisbetter;I’llreadboth.?
我不知道哪一本书好,我两本都读。?
both常和of连用,接复数名词或代词。接复数名词时of常省略,接复数代词时不能省略of。如:?
Both(of)thefilmswereverygood.?
两部电影都很好。?
Sheinvitedbothofustotheparty.?
她邀请我们两个参加聚会。?
both还可以用作同位语,位于主语之后,谓语动词之前。?
Theybothacceptedtheinvitation.?
他俩都接受了邀请。?
2.neither是both的否定词,同样是指两者,译成“两者都不”。谓语动词可以是单数,也可以是复数。如:?
Itookneither,becauseIcouldn’tdecidewhichonewasbetter.?
因为我不能决定哪部电影更好所以我一部也没看。?
Neitherofthefilmis/areinteresting.?
两部电影都没意思。
another,other和theother的用法:?
1.another指许多中的“又一个,另一个”,接可数名词单数;theother指两者中的另一个;other须接复数名词,意为“其他的”,other+名词的复数形式=others。如:?
Ihavetwofavoritepencilboxes;oneisred,andtheotherisblue.?
我有两个最喜爱的铅笔盒,一个是红色的,另一个是蓝色的。?
I’mnotsatisfiedwiththeseboxes;willyoushowmeanotherone??
我对这些盒子都不满意,能再给我一个吗??
Heistallerthanotherstudents,butothersarestrongerthanhim.?
他比其他学生高,但是他们比他壮。?
2.some和others常常一起用,如:?
Someapplesarerottenandothersaren’t.?
有些苹果烂了,其他的还好。?
3.表达“再多些……”,用another和other是不同的,如:?
Ineedanotherthreechairsfortheguests.?
我需要再来三把椅子给这些客人。?
Ineedthreeotherchairsfortheguests.?
我需要另外的三把椅子给客人。?
动词不定式
动词不定式是由“to+动词原形”构成的,在句子中可以充当主语、宾语、表语、定语、同位语、状语和补语。下面依次举出例子:?
用法例句
主语Itishardtofinishtheworkaheadoftime.?这工作很难提前完成。
宾语Mypurposeistomakeyouhappy,notangry.?
我的目的是让你快乐,而不是让你生气。
表语Heplanedtoflytothecity,butnow,itseemsimpossible.?
他本来打算坐飞机去那个城市,但是现在看来不可能了。
定语Ihavenothingtosayonthisquestion.?在这个问题上我无话可说。
同位语Hegavetheordertostarttheattack.?他发出了开始进攻的命令。
状语Istayedtheretoseewhatwouldhappen.?我留在那儿看看会发生什么事。
补语Theyallfelttheplantobeunwise.?他们都觉得那个计划是不明智的。
注意:不定式结构作定语时,要放在被修饰语的后面作后置定语。它与被修饰语之间可以是主谓关系,也可以是动宾关系。如:?
ThenexttraintoarrivewasfromNewYork.?
下一列进站的火车是从纽约开来的。(主谓关系)?
Hehastoomanythingstodo.?
他有太多的事要做。(动宾关系)?
要特别注意的是,动宾关系时,不定式中的动词若是不及物的,要记得加介词。如:?
Givemesomepapertowriteonandapentowritewith.?
给我一些写字用的纸和笔。
疑问词接不定式的形式:
Heaskedmewherehecouldfindadictionary.?
他问我哪儿能找到本字典。?
这个句子中有一个作宾语的名词性从句,而且从句中的主语和主句的主语是同一个,这样的话,就可以将其简化为Heaskedmewheretofindadictionary.?
更多的例子:?
Iwonderwhattodowiththepollutedpool.?
我不知道该拿被污染了的水池怎么办。?
Howtostealintothehousewithoutbeingseenseemsahardproblemforme.?
怎样溜进房子而不被发现看来对我是个难题。
不定式的否定形式是在to前加not:?
Iclosedthewindowinordernottoletthesmellysmokein.?
我关了窗子,不让难闻的烟飘进来。
33.单项填空?
1)Fewpleasurescanequal__________ofacooldrinkonahotday.?
A.someB.any C.that D.those?
2)(北京,24)—Whichdriverwastoblame??
—Why,__________!Itwasthechild’sfault,clearandsimple.Hesuddenlycameoutbetweentwoparkedcars.?
A.bothB.eachC.eitherD.neither?
3)(福建,22)—Wouldyoulike__________,sir??
—No,thanks.Ihavehadmuch.?
A.somemoreoranges
B.anymoreoranges?
C.somemoreorange
D.anymoreorange?
4)(全国Ⅰ,25)Wehaven’tenoughbooksfor__________;someofyouwillhavetoshare.
A.somebody B.anybody?C.everybody D.nobody?
5)(上海,26)Noprogresswasmadeinthetradetalkasneithersidewouldaccepttheconditionsof__________.
A.othersB.theotherC.eitherD.another?
6)—CanyoucomeonMondayorTuesday??
—I’mafraid__________dayispossible.?
A.neitherB.bothC.someD.any?
7)Ifyouwanttochangeforadoubleroomyou’llhavetopay__________$15.?
A.anotherB.other?C.theotherD.more?
8)ItissaidinAustraliathereismorelandthanthegovernmentknows__________.?
A.itwhattodowith
B.whattodoitwith?
C.whattodowithit
D.todowhatwithit?
9)—What’sthematterwithyou??
—__________thewindow,myfingerwascutunexpectedly.?
A.Cleaning
B.Toclean?
C.Whilecleaning
D.WhileIwascleaning?
10)Idon’tthink__________possibletomasteraforeignlanguagewithoutmuchmemorywork.?
A.thisB.thatC.itsD.it?
答案与解析:
1)C 从句意来看,要替代的是前面的名词pleasures,因此应该用those,但由于后面的acooldrink对此有所限制,即大热天喝上一份冷饮不会有几个pleasures,所以只能用that来替代。
2)D neither意为“(两者)都不”。根据所提供的情景“Itwasthechild’sfault,clearandsimple.”可判断出两个司机都不应该受到责备,因为是孩子的过错。both表示“(两者)都”,两个司机都应受到责备,与所提供的情景矛盾。either意为“两者之一的;(两者之中)随便哪一个的;两者中任何一方的”,其意思是两个司机中的任何一个都应受到责备。each意为“每一个”,表示多于两个,与下文中的twoparkedcars矛盾。?
3)C 从下文中的已知条件“much”可知上文中要的不是橘子,而是橘子汁。另外Wouldyoulike...?句型表示建议,应该用some。?
4)C 否定句用anybody,肯定句要用somebody。再结合句意“你们中的一些人要共享”,可推断并不是每一个人都有,是部分否定,所以应该用everybody。?
5)B neither表示“两者都不”,重点提示是两者,所以后面的空必须围绕两者考虑。两个去掉一个自然只剩下一个了,所以选择theother。?
6)A 本题考查不定代词的正确使用。句意为“星期一和星期二你哪天能来?”“恐怕都不行。”表示两者都不可以,用neither。any表示“任何一个”,通常指三者及以上的事物,而且没有限定。?
7)A 本题考查不定代词的用法。根据句意“要是你想换成双人房间,得多交15美元”。这15美元是“另外多出来的”,而且在名词短语前面,用another。other和more在这方面的用法是一样的,都是放在名词短语之间。如:another5days,5moredays,5otherdays。?
8)C 本题考查“疑问词+不定式”和dowith的用法。句意为“据说在澳大利亚,土地多得政府都不知道该怎么办”。句中疑问代词what引导know的宾语从句,what要作连接词,须置于最前面,后面紧跟to不定式。whattodowithit结构中,what作do的宾语,it是with的宾语,所以答案是C项。?
9)D 句意为“你怎么了?”“刚才擦玻璃的时候,手指割伤了。”clean的逻辑主语不是myfinger,故不能用现在分词或不定式作状语,而应使用状语从句。?
10)D 句意为“我想不下工夫记忆,不可能掌握一门语言”。不定式短语为真正的宾语,it作形式宾语,应选D项。??

高考英语语法语法专题


天津一中名师英语教案:高考语法
第一部分英语基本句型结构
主+谓结构Westudyforthebenefitofourcountry.
主+谓+宾结构Weshouldhelpeachotherandcareforeachother.
主+系+表结构Wegotlostinthewoods.Hebecameangry.Hemadeanartist.

主+谓+宾+宾结构

Igavehimabooktheotherday.
Hewasgivenabooktheotherday.
We’dbettermaketeaforhimbeforehand.
Hepromisedmetocomeearlier.
Heexplainedtousthattheearthgoesaroundthesun.
Theymusthavemadefulluseoftheirsparetimetostudy.
(Fullusemusthavebeenmadeoftheirsparetimetostudy.)
(Theirsparetimemusthavebeenmadefulluseoftostudy.)

主+谓+宾+宾补结构

Wemadehimmonitorofourclass.
Hesleptwiththewindowopen.
HowcanIstudywiththemusicon?
Welastfoundhiminthehut.
Wesawhimenteringtheroom.
HowcanIstudywiththemusicplayedoneveryday?
(HowcanIstudywiththemusicbeingplayedoneveryday?)
Thisisthefirstvolumeofhebook,withthesecondtocomeoutnextmonth.
Therebe结构
Thereusedtobeapinetreeinfrontofthemountain.
Therehappenedtobeastormtheotherday.

祈使结构
Women,carryingbabies,getonthebusfirst.
---Alice,youfeedthebirdtoday.
---Whyme?

倒装结构

Hetoldmeneveroncehadheseensuchabetterresult.
---Haveyoureadbothofthisnovelsrecently?
---No.NeithershallIread.
SuchwasAlbertEinstein,asimplemanwithgreatachievements.
Sobravedidhelookthathescaredtheenemytodeath.
Soharddidheworkthathewontheprizefinally.
Atnotimeshallweusenuclearweaponsfirst.
强调句结构
Whatwasitthatmadehimupsettheotherday?
HedoesgetupveryearlyeverySunday.

省略结构
Chinaisnolongerwhatsheusedtobe.
Neverspeakuntilaskedto.
Hedidn’tcometothemeeting,butweallthoughheshouldhave
感叹结构
YoucanhardlyimaginehowworriedIwasatthattime.
Whatfun(itis)tojumpintoapoolonahotsummerday!
主谓主补结构
Shelayinbed,awake.
Heleftabeggarandreturnedamillionaire.

第二部分高考英语句子整体认知部分
并列句
英语并列句连接词:(并列连词务必要放在句中来使用)
andbut(andyet)yetandthenotherwiseor(orelse)so
neither…noreither…orboth…and…notonly…butalso
whether…or
forwhenwhile
主从复合句
主从复合句连接词
1.名词性从句(主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句)
that(无中文意思,无语法功能)
whether/if,asif/asthoughbecause(有中文意思,但无语法功能)
whowhomwhosewhichwhenwherewhy
how(howmany…)howoftenhowsoonhowlong(所有含有w/h引导的从句均为从句连接词)
w/h-ever(用在名词性从句中表示强调的作用)
2.定语从句引导词(限定性与非限定性;定整体与定部分的认知)
whichwhothatwhomwhosewhenwhere(介词+which)
名词+of+which
which/as引导非限定性定语从句
3.时间状语从句
whenwhileas
assoonas(themomenttheminutetheseconddirectlyimmediatelyHardlyhad…when
Nosoonerhad…thanScarcelyhad…then)
beforesinceuntiljustas
aftertillonce
eachtimeeverytimethefirsttimethelasttimetheyear(名词作为连词)
4.原因状语从句
becausesinceasnowthatseeingthatconsidering
when(既然)
5.条件状语从句
ifunlessprovided(providing)supposing
Suppose(that)(大写放在句首使用)onconditionthat
aslongassolongasincase(that)once
6.目的状语从句
sothat(后面有情态动词can/couldmay/might)inorderthat
7.结果状语从句
so…thatsuch…thatsothat(后面无任何情态动词)
8.方式状语从句
asjustas(in)theway
asif/asthough(后面根据句子逻辑采用虚拟或非虚拟)
9.比较状语从句
as…asnotso…asthan
倍数比较的各种句型
10.地点状语从句
wherewherever
11.让步状语从句
althoughthoughnomatter+w/hw/h-ever
whether…or…
while
as(倒装)
evenif/eventhough(根据句子逻辑采用虚拟或者非虚拟)

高考语法专题:定语从句


高考语法专题:定语从句
考纲新研读
考查的重点是介词+关系代词which,whom引导的定语从句;非限制性定语从句也时有考查。
1.限制性定语从句
句子作定语,由关系代词和关系副词引导,被修饰部
分叫先行词。
(1)关系代词:that,which,who,whom,whose,在句子中
作主语或宾语,作宾语时可省略。
that,指人或物:
Whoisthemanthatisreadingthenewspaperoverthere?
Thefinger(that)Iputintomymouthwasnottheone
(that)I
haddippedintothecup.
which,指物:
Achemical’sshopisashopwhichsellsmedicine.(作主语)
Thefilm(which)wesawlastnightwaswonderful.(作宾语)
who,whom,whose,指人,分别做主语、宾语和定语:
Themanwhovisitedourclassyesterdayisournewheadmaster.
Who’stheman(whom)youjusttalkedto?
Thisistheroomwhosewindowfacessouth.
介词后指人用whom,指物用which。
介词可提前,也可在后;在后时可用who,that,也可省略:
Thisistheroominwhichwelivedlastyear.
=Thisistheroom
(which/that)welivedinlastyear.
Who’sthemanwithwhomyoujustshookhands?=Who’sthe
man(who/whom/that)youjustshookhandswith?
但是固定搭配,介词不能提前:
Isthisthebookwhichshewaslookingfor?
(2)关系副词:when,where,why,在定语从句中分别作时间、地点
和原因状语。
when,指时间:
Istillrememberthedaywhen(onwhich)IfirstcametoBeijing.
比较:IstillrememberthedaythatIspentinBeijing.
where,指地点:
Thisisthehousewhere(inwhich)Ilivedtwoyearsago.
比较:ThisisthehousethatIboughttwoyearsago.
why,指原因:在“reason”后:
Thereasonwhyhewaslateisthatthecarbrokedownontheway.
比较:Thereasonthathegaveusisnotreasonable.
(3)thesame...as;such...as引导的定语从句:
ThisisthesamepenasIlostyesterday.
Youshouldpaymoreattentiontosuchmistakesasyoumadelast
time.
Thisissuchaninterestingbookaseveryonelikestoread.
(4)定语从句典例:
LiHuaisoneoftheboyswhoareneverlateforschool.
(who指boys)
李华是从不迟到的男孩之一。
LiHuaistheonlyoneoftheboyswhoisneverlateforschool.
(who指one)
李华是男孩中唯一从不迟到的。
Isthisnewteachingbuildingtheoneyouvisitedlastnight?
(变为陈述句后,is移到building之后。)
Isthisthenewteachingbuildingyouvisitedlastnight?
(变为陈述句后,is移到this之后。)
Whoisthemanthatistalkingwithourteacher?
(为避免重复,用that不用who)
(5)定语从句应注意的几点:
A.that引导的定语从句与that引导的同位语从句的区别:
Thefactthatwetalkedaboutisveryimportant.
(that引导的是定语从句,that作宾语,可省略。)
ThefactthattheChineseinventedthecompassisknownto
all.
(that引导的是同位语从句,that不作成分,不能省略,句子
介绍的是fact的具体内容。)
B.用that不用which:两者都可表物,大部分情况可通用,但下
列情况例外:
先行词为all,few,much,little,nothing,everything,anything等:
Allthatmustbedonehasbeendone.
ThereislittlethatIcandoforyou.
先行词被all,few,little,any,thevery,theonly,first,second,
last或形容词的最高级修饰时:
That’stheonlythingthatwecandonow.
ThisisthebestnovelthatIhaveeverread.
先行词既有人也有物时:
Myfatherandhisteachertalkedofthingsandpersons(that)
theyrememberedintheschool.
C.用which不用that:指物,在介词后或引导非限制性定语从句:
I’llneverforgetthedayonwhichIjoinedthearmy.
Thatwastheway(inwhich)shelookedafterus.
Football,whichisaveryinterestinggame,isplayedalloverthe
world.
2.非限制性定语从句
限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的定语,而非限制性定语从句
只是附加说明,如果去掉,主句意思仍然清楚。非限制性定语从
句用逗号与主句隔开,由which,who,whom,whose,where,when、
等引导:
Hisbrother,whoisaPLAman,wrotetohim.(只有一个哥哥)
HisbrotherwhoisaPLAmanwrotetohim.(不只一个哥哥)
Football,whichisaveryinterestinggame,isplayedalloverthe
world.
We’llputofftheoutinguntilnextweek,whenwewon’tbeso
busy.
Hetookoutapieceofpaper,onwhichwerewrittensomewords.
Theyarrivedatafarmhouse,infrontofwhichsatasmallboy.
比较:“他有两个女儿,其中一个是护士。”
Hehastwodaughters,oneofwhomworksasanurse.
(非限制性定语从句)
Hehastwodaughters,andoneofthemworksasanurse.(并列句)
另外,as和which引导非限制性定语从句,可代替整个句子,as指熟知的内容,引导的句子可在句首、句中和句尾;而which指没想到的事情或客观事实,且只能在句尾。比较:
Asisknowntoall,TaiwanbelongstoChina.
Theearth,asweknow,goesaroundthesun.
Heisagainsttheidea,ascanbeexpected.
HehastoworkonSundays,whichhedoesn’tlike.
Sheremarried,aswehadexpected.
3.介词+关系代词引导的定语从句
(1)介词+关系代词引导的定语从句,修饰物时用which不用that,
修饰人时用whom不用who。例如:
Thisistheroominwhichwelivedlastyear.
Who’sthecomradewithwhomyoujustshookhands?
(2)注意:固定搭配,介词不能提前。例如:
Isthisthebookwhichshewaslookingfor?
(3)既可引导限制性定语从句,也可引导非限制性定语从句。
例如:
Behaviorisamirrorinwhicheveryoneshowshisimage.
Lifeisapieceofwhitepaper,onwhicheveryonecanputone
ortwooftheirownwordsdown.
Theyarrivedatanoldchurch,infrontofwhichstoodabig
crowdofpeople.
Alsopresentweretwoofhiscolleagues,oneofwhomwas
injured.
高考新剖析
1.Aperson__________e-mailaccountisfullwon’tbeableto
sendorreceiveanye-mails.[年高考天津卷]
A.whoB.whomC.whoseD.whoever
2.Myfriendshowedmeroundthetown,________wasverykind
ofhim.[年高考全国卷Ⅱ]
A.whichB.thatC.whereD.it
C
A
3.Wewentthroughaperiod_________communicationswerevery
difficultintheruralareas.[2008年高考上海卷]
A.whichB.whose
C.inwhichD.withwhich
4.Whatsurprisedmewasnotwhathesaidbut__________he
saidit.
A.thewayB.inthewaythat
C.inthewayD.thewaywhich
5.Anyway,thatevening,__________I’lltellyoumoreaboutlater,
IendedupstayingatRachel’splace.
A.whenB.whereC.whatD.which
6.GeorgeOrwell,__________wasEricArthur,wrotemany
politicalnovelsandessays.
A.therealnameB.whathisrealname
C.hisrealnameD.whoserealname
C
A
D
D
7.—Whydoesshealwaysaskyouforhelp?
—Thereisnooneelse__________,isthere?
A.whototurntoB.shecanturnto
C.forwhomtoturnD.forhertoturn
8.ShewaseducatedatBeijingUniversity,__________shewenton
tohaveheradvancedstudyabroad.
A.afterthatB.fromthat
C.fromwhichD.afterwhich
9.Hismoviewonseveralawardsatthefilmfestival,__________
wasbeyondhiswildestdream.
A.whichB.thatC.whereD.it
10.Hewaseducatedatthelocalhighschool,__________hewent
ontoBeijingUniversity.
A.afterwhichB.afterthat
C.inwhichD.inthat
B
D
A
A
精题新探究
__________isoftenthecasewithchildren,Amywas
completelybetterbythetimethedoctorarrived.
A.ThatB.WhichC.AsD.It
2.Thisisoneofthemostexcitingfootballgames__________Ihaveeverseen.
A.whereB.thatC.whatD.which
3.Thecoursenormallyattracts20studentsperyear,__________uptohalfwillbefromoverseas.
A.inwhichB.forwhich
C.withwhichD.ofwhom
4.Children,inmyopinion,__________creativeabilityisunthinkablyrich,isseldomtakennoticeofbyus,__________shouldbetrainedinthatarea.
A.which;thatB.whose;which
C.which;whichD.whose;that
C
B
D
B
5.Atlast,thethiefhadtohandineverything__________hehad
stolentothepolice.
A.whichB.whatC.whateverD.that
6.__________isknowntotheworld,China’sLiuXiangbecame
thefirstAsianinhistorytowinthemen’s110mhurdlesatthe
OlympicGames.
A.ThatB.WhichC.AsD.It
7.Idon’tknowthereason__________youwereabsentfromthe
meeting,butIamnotsurethatsomeonewilltellmethereason
__________youhaven’ttoldme.
A.why;thatB.that;why
C.because;whyD.ofwhich;that
8.Whenshecamebackfromabroad,Lucytoldusaboutthe
citiesandthepeople__________shehadvisited.
A.thatB.whoC.whereD.which
D
C
A
A
9.Becauseofthetrafficjam__________Iwascaught,Iwaslatefor
themeeting.
A.bywhichB.inwhich
C.thatD.where
10.Inmyhometown,thereisamysteriousdarkhole,__________
depthhasneverbeenmeasured.
A.thatB.whereC.whichD.whose
11.Onthewhole,thetime__________thestudentsdevotetothe
gameintheInternetcafeswithoutdoubthasagreateffectonthe
studyintheschool.
A.inwhichB.onwhich
C.whenD.that
12.Canyouthinkofsomecases_________studentsobviouslyknow
theproblemsbutcan’tworkthemout?
A.asB.whereC.whyD.which
B
D
D
B
13.Alicestoodinfrontofthewindow,__________shecouldwatch
herclassmatesplayingfootball.
A.fromthereB.where
C.fromwhereD.there
14.Shekepttellingherfathertopayattentiontohisownhealth,
__________,infact,didn’thelpatall.
A.whichB.heC.itD.while
15.JackieRobinsonWilliamshopedtobecomeasfamousasthe
player__________hewasnamed.
A.afterwhomB.which
C.aswhoD.that
C
A
A

高考英语数词语法专题


《高考风向标》英语
目录
第一部分教材梳理
必修一
Unit1Friendship
单元要点预览
语言要点
词语辨析
词性变化
重点单词
重点词组
重点句子
课文要点
课文词汇填空
课文大意概括
课文佳句背诵与仿写
单元自测

Unit2Englisharoundtheworld
单元要点预览
语言要点
词语辨析
词性变化
重点单词
重点词组
重点句子
课文要点
课文词汇填空
课文大意概括
课文佳句背诵与仿写
单元自测

Unit3Traveljournal
单元要点预览
语言要点
词语辨析
词性变化
重点单词
重点词组
重点句子
课文要点
课文词汇填空
课文大意概括
课文佳句背诵与仿写
单元自测

Unit4Earthquakes
单元要点预览
语言要点
词语辨析
词性变化
重点单词
重点词组
重点句子
课文要点
课文词汇填空
课文大意概括
课文佳句背诵与仿写
单元自测

Unit5NelsonMandela—amodernhero
单元要点预览
语言要点
词语辨析
词性变化
重点单词
重点词组
重点句子
课文要点
课文词汇填空
课文大意概括
课文佳句背诵与仿写
单元自测

必修二
Unit1Culturalrelics
单元要点预览
语言要点
词语辨析
词性变化
重点单词
重点词组
重点句子
课文要点
课文词汇填空
课文大意概括
课文佳句背诵与仿写
单元自测

Unit2TheOlympicGames
单元要点预览
语言要点
词语辨析
词性变化
重点单词
重点词组
重点句子
课文要点
课文词汇填空
课文大意概括
课文佳句背诵与仿写
单元自测

Unit3Computers
单元要点预览
语言要点
词语辨析
词性变化
重点单词
重点词组
重点句子
课文要点
课文词汇填空
课文大意概括
课文佳句背诵与仿写
单元自测

Unit4Wildlifeprotection
单元要点预览
语言要点
词语辨析
词性变化
重点单词
重点词组
重点句子
课文要点
课文词汇填空
课文大意概括
课文佳句背诵与仿写
单元自测

Unit5Music
单元要点预览
语言要点
词语辨析
词性变化
重点单词
重点词组
重点句子
课文要点
课文词汇填空
课文大意概括
课文佳句背诵与仿写
单元自测

必修三
Unit1Festivalsaroundtheworld
单元要点预览
语言要点
词语辨析
词性变化
重点单词
重点词组
重点句子
课文要点
课文词汇填空
课文大意概括
课文佳句背诵与仿写
单元自测

Unit2Healthyeating
单元要点预览
语言要点
词语辨析
词性变化
重点单词
重点词组
重点句子
课文要点
课文词汇填空
课文大意概括
课文佳句背诵与仿写
单元自测

Unit3TheMillionPoundBankNote
单元要点预览
语言要点
词语辨析
词性变化
重点单词
重点词组
重点句子
课文要点
课文词汇填空
课文大意概括
课文佳句背诵与仿写
单元自测

……

第二部分语法专题
专题一冠词
专题二名词
专题三代词
专题四数词
专题五形容词和副词
专题六介词
专题七情态动词
专题八非谓语动词
专题九动词和动词短语
专题十动词的时态
专题十一动词的语态
专题十二句子种类
专题十三名词性从句
专题十四定语从句
专题十五状语从句
专题十六倒装句和省略句
专题十七强调句
专题十八虚拟语气
专题十九主谓一致
专题二十直接引语和间接引语

第三部分高考题型讲练
听力
完形填空
语法填空
阅读理解
信息匹配
基础写作
读写任务


第二部分语法专题
版权所有:

专题四数词
I、重点难点解析
数词是用来表示事物和数量的顺序的词,分为基数词和序数词两种。
基数词功能做主语、宾语、表语、定语、同位语
读法三要点A.记31个词:基数词1~19,20~29整十位数和hundred,thousand,million,billion
B.会读个、十、百位数
C.由右向左每三位数前的逗号分别读做thousand,million和billion,逗号之间的按百位以内的数读
注意A.表示“几百”、“几千”时,hundred,thousand等词不加s
B.hundred,thousand等词为复数时做名词,表示“数量很多”的意思
序数词构成A.一般的基数词后+th,多位数的基数词只变最后一位。如:ten→tenth
B.整几十的基数词,去掉词尾的y再加ieth,如:thirty→thirtieth
C.几个不规则词:first,second,third,fifth,eighth,ninth,twelfth
功能做定语,前面加the;年、月、日中的日;表示“第几”时;分数中的分母

一基数词:表示数目的词为基数词,它的构成如下表:
范围特点实例
1~12无规律one,two,three,four,five,six,seven,eight,nine,ten,eleven,twelve
13~19以teen为结尾thirteen,fourteen,fifteen,sixteen,seventeen,eighteen,nineteen
20~90以ty结尾twenty,thirty,forty,fifty,sixty,seventy,eighty,ninety
21~99十位与个位之间要加连字符“-”twenty-five,sixty-five,ninety-nine
101~999百位与十位之间通常用andthreehundredandtwenty-five(美语中常将and省略)
千以上6275—sixthousandtwohundredandseventy-five;1200—twelvehundred

二序数词:表示顺序的数词为序数词,它的构成如下表:
范围特点实例
1~19各基数词尾加th其中七个例外:first,second,third,fifth,eighth,ninth,twelfth,其余,如:four—forth,six—sixth,nineteen—nineteenth
20,30~90把y变i后加ethtwentieth,fortieth,ninetieth
21以后多位数最后一个数用序数词,其余用基数词21st—twenty-first,110th—onehundredandtenth

三数词的用法:
1.英语中年月日、点钟、序数词、分数词、算式列表
汉语示例英语表示法
时间表达2001年6月30日June30,200130June,200130thJune,2001
七点二十五分(7:25)seventwenty-five/twenty-fivepasteven
十二点五十四分(12:54)twelvefiftyfoursixtoone
九点十五分(9:15)ninefifteenaquarterpastnine
二点半(2:30)twothirtyhalfpasttwo
二十一点五十分(20:50)twenty-onefifty9:50p.m.
数字表达第二十一twenty-first
第一百二十三onehundredandtwenty-third
二分之一ahalf
二又五分之二twoandtwo-fifths
百分之二十20percent20percent
编号表达第七路公共汽车BusNumber7
第201房间Room201
人民路153号153RenminRoad
第三中学No3MiddleSchool
算式表达4+8=12Fourpluseightistwelve
11-7=4Elevenminussevenisfour.
6×5=30Sixtimesfiveisthirty.
20÷5=4twentydividedbyfiveisfour.
A>BAismorethanB.
A<BAislessthanB.
A≈BAisapproximately(近似地,大约)equaltoB.
A≠BAisnotequaltoB.

2.约数表示法列表
含义英语表达例句
大于某数morethanHehaslivedhereformorethantwentyyears.
oversheisoverfifty.
ormoreThererethirtypeopleormoreinthemeeting-room.
小于某数lessthanIhavelessthan(notmorethan)fiftydollars.
underChildrenundersevenarenotallowedtoenter.
belowHewouldnotsellitforbelowahundredfiftydollars.
orlessThecoatmightcosthimsixtydollarsorless.
大约(某数)
高.考.资.源.网
高.考.资.源.网nearlySheisnearlyfiftynow.
almostItsalmostthreeoclock.
uptoUptotenmencansleepinthistent.
orHespentfourorfivedayswritingthearticle.
orsoThedistanceistwentymilesorso.
aboutIvisitedthatvillageaboutthreeyearsago.
someTheirteamhassomefourorfiveplayers.
moreorlessThecontainercanholdmoreorlesstwentypoundsofwater.
around/roundLetsmakeitround/aroundeightoclock.

3.不定数量词“多”的表示法列表
被修饰名词的数英语表达汉译
修饰可数名词dozensof几十、许多
scoresof许多
Many/agood(great)many,manya(饰单数可数名词)许多、大量
hundredsof数以百计
thousandsof/thousandsuponthousandsof成千上万
millionsof数百万
billionsof亿万
修饰不可数名词much,agreat(good)dealof,
alargeamountof,largeamountsof许多、大量
修饰可数名词或不可数名词alotof/lotsof,plentyof, 
alargequantityof,
largequantitiesof许多、大量

II、实战演练
根据句意将括号内的汉语译成英语
1.Itisnotrare________________(在九十年代)thatpeopleintheirfiftiesaregoingtouniversityforfurthereducation.
2.______________(三分之二)ofthelandinthatdistrictiscoveredwithtreesandgrass.
3.Americanseat__________________(两倍多的)asmanyvegetablesperpersontodayastheydidin1910.
4.Theearthis______________(49倍)thesizeofthemoon. 
5.Thegrainoutputofthisyearis___________________(高8%)thanthatoflastyear.
6._______________(几百万)peopleintheworldaresendinginformationbyE-maileveryday.
7.Theheroofthestoryisanartist____________________(三十多岁).
8.MrSmithaskedmetobuy_____________(两打)eggsforthedinner.
9.—Tellmewhereyoulive,please.
—Ilive____________________(在和平路123号). 
10.About______________________(三千人)tookpartinthedemonstrationagainstthewaronIraq.
11.Thericeproductionhas__________________________(增加了5.8%)thisyear.
12.TherewerefifteenpresidentsbeforeAbrahamLincoln,sohewas_____________(第十六任)president.
13.Itwilltakeme____________________________(一年半的时间)tofinishthecourse.
14.IstheYellowRiver___________________________(第二大河)inChina?
15.______________________(开始的三个部分)ofthetextareratherdifficultforusbeginners.
16.Iwillstayherefor_________________(一两天).
17.Helivedin_________________________________(五楼506房).
18.Theclasswasover.Thestudentswentoutoftheclassroom__________________(三三两两地).

答案:1.inthe90s2.Twofifths3.morethantwice4.49times5.8percenthigher
6.Severalmillion7.inhisthirties8.severaldozen9.at123HepingStreet 10.threethousandpeople11.increasedbyfivepointeightpercent12.thesixteenth13.oneandahalfyears’time14.thesecondlargest15.Thefirstthreeparts16.oneortwodays17.Room506onthefifthfloor18.intwosorthrees

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