经验告诉我们，成功是留给有准备的人。作为高中教师就需要提前准备好适合自己的教案。教案可以让学生能够在教学期间跟着互动起来，使高中教师有一个简单易懂的教学思路。那么怎么才能写出优秀的高中教案呢？小编为此仔细地整理了以下内容《高三英语Underthesea》，供大家借鉴和使用，希望大家分享！

Unit3Underthesea
Ⅰ.单元教学目标
技能目标SkillGoals
▲Retellastoryandmakeitintoaplay
▲Readastoryanddescribetherelationshipbetweenanimalsandhumans
▲ReviewthePassiveVoice(2)(includingthe-ingform)
▲Writeaparagraphtocomplainpolitelybasedondialoguesaboutblameandcomplaint

Ⅱ.目标语言

功
能
句
式
Blameandcomplaint
I’msorrybut...
I’mafraid...
That’snotgoodenough.
I’mfeeling(annoyedwith/unhappyabout/unsatisfiedwith...etc)
I’mnotfeeling(happyabout/satisfiedwith...etc)
I’dliketotalktothemanager.
I’dlikeafullrefund.
That’snogoodforme.
I’dlikearefund,please.

词汇1．四会词汇
anecdote,annual,witness,accommodation,shore,yell,pack,flee,drag,depth,lip,tongue,abandon,relationship,rent,seaside,net,dimension,reflect,pure,magic,beauty,cell,aware,vivid,poisonous,cave,narrow,sharp,tasty,scare,shallow,entry,boundary，Antarctic,awesome,seal,pension,pensioner
2．认读词汇
snorkel,aquarium,Clancy,baleen,baleenwhale,migration,oar,blow-hole,harpoon,meantime,overboard,flipper,turtle,lettuce,horn,anemonefish,tentacle,seaanemone,sea-slug,stripe,striped,eel,giant,clam,leap,refund
3．词组
aheadof,inthemeantime,helpout,be/becomeawareof,upsidedown,(be)scaredtodeath,theAntarctic,sortout,throw...outof,beabouttodo,headout,fleeout,aimat,floatup,washoff,holdup
4．重点词汇
anecdote,accommodation,shore,yell,flee,drag,depth,tongue,abandon,seaside,net,relationship,beauty,aware,vivid,poisonous,tasty,scare,Antarctic,awesome,pension

结
构RevisethePassiveVoice(includingthe-ingform)
Clancydidn’tmindbeingtoldwhattodo.
BeingheldupinthewaterbyOldTom,Jameswasconfidenthewouldsurvive.

重
点
句
子1.Withoutpausingwejumpedintotheboatwiththeotherwhalersandheadedoutintothebay.P20
2.Aswedrewcloser,Icouldseeawhalebeingattackedbyapackofaboutsixotherkillers.P20
3.ThefirstthingIbecomeawareofwasallthevividcolourssurroundingme...P24
4....theyellowandgreenparrotfishhangingupsidedown,andsuckingtinyplantsoffthecoralwithitshardbird-likemouth...P24
6.Itoldmyselftheyweren’tdangerousbutthatdidn’tstopmefromfeelingscaredtodeathforamoment.P24

Ⅲ.教材分析和教材重组
1.教材分析
本单元以大自然中的海底世界为话题,以谈论海底世界的动植物为切入点，让学生在交流中发现和了解大自然的奇妙和美丽；通过阅读奇闻故事，使学生从一个侧面了解人类与动物的关系；一篇与海底动植物相处的感受的日记，把学生带入人与自然和谐相处的美好境界。
本单元用梯次递进的方式让学生运用已有的自然知识、亲身体验、所掌握的语言知识和技能，在阅读、听新闻和专家评述、讨论、写故事、编剧本、排练演出等多项语言功能运用的过程中，深入学习、了解海洋动植物和大自然，并学习用英语表达对它们的感受、关切和热爱，从而在学习和运用语言的同时，强化对海洋生物和大自然的保护意识。本单元实现了语言学习和传播先进思想的完美统一。
1.1WarmingUp设计了两个活动。第一个活动用两个提问直接导入本单元的中心话题，也是学生最感兴趣的话题——海底动物和植物，要求学生以互相交流的方式更多地了解海底世界。紧接着是小组活动，要求学生将已知的海洋动植物列表归纳，并谈论自己最喜爱的海洋动物或植物。这一部分的设计为下一步的课文学习以及后边的听、说、读、写在内容方面打下了伏笔。
1.2Pre-reading是Reading文图并茂的内容简介。“虎鲸帮助捕鲸人在每年须鲸迁徙时捕捉须鲸”的奇闻轶事会立刻激起学生的阅读兴趣。
1.3Reading是一篇题为“OldTomtheKillerWhale”的故事，其中包括两篇关于虎鲸的奇闻轶事。第一篇讲虎鲸如何帮助捕鲸人捕捉须鲸，过程奇妙有趣。第二篇讲虎鲸如何从鲨鱼群中救出捕鲸人，情节惊险感人。学生通过对课文的阅读理解，会由衷地感激这些可爱的海洋动物对人类忠实的帮助和巨大的贡献，同时习得阅读故事的技能。
1.4Comprehending设计了根据课文内容描述OldTom和捕鲸人的关系,旨在引导学生在阅读理解的基础上进行再创造。第二题根据课文回答问题，其目的是评价学生对文章的理解程度。第三项是小组讨论，中心论题——你是否同意禁止捕鲸——直击本单元思想内容主题——环境和动物保护。整个活动设计梯次分明，思想教育意义和语言学习意义两条线共同逐步深入，以达到阅读理解的最佳效果。
1.5LearningaboutLanguage分为词汇和语法两项。词汇部分帮助学生学习用适当的形式和意义使用词汇和短语，旨在培养学生运用英语词汇和短语的能力。语法项目是复习动词-ing形式的被动语态。要求学生用正确的-ing形式完成单句填空和补全句子来操练这一语法项目。-ing形式的被动语态在语法学习中是个难点，教师可以在此基础上做些拓展性和巩固性的练习设计。
1.6UsingLanguage是一个综合性学习项目，包括“阅读与讨论”、“讨论与写作”、“说话与写作”。“阅读与讨论”的主体是一篇与海底动植物相处的感受的日记，其后设计了四个活动环节：速读选择信息；细节列表；词汇学习；语法学习（形容词连用）。“讨论与写作”共有两项任务：一是让学生以小组活动的形式讨论所给出的日记中的描述性词语的意思和描述方式；二是让学生用上其中三、四个短语写一小段描写一个地点的一种动物或植物的短文。这种分类描写的方式非常有利于对学生的写作训练和指导。“读、听、说”共设计了五项活动：第一项是在“听”之前阅读一则观鲸旅游的广告并就此讨论有关问题；第二项是听一段对话选择答案；第三项在重听一遍的同时，记下与广告不符的情况；第四、五项的听力重点在词汇上，练习的内容是完成所听的句子和填上所缺的词。所有“读、听、说”的活动层次清晰，内容连贯，实际上都在为完成下一步“写”的任务积累素材和提供示范。“说话与写作”的中心任务是本单元写作练习的主题：对某事或某人以礼貌的方式责备和抱怨。该部分提供了表示“责备和抱怨”的习惯用语和三种情境，要求学生运用所给的词语先进行对话练习，然后再把对话内容写下来。这种写作练习设计能使学生体会到语言的鲜活、生动和实用，有利于发挥他们的写作积极性。

2．教材重组
2.1Pre-reading,Reading,Comprehending是一个整体,而第一部分WarmingUp的话题内容又与Reading一致，因此将这几部分整合在一起，设计成一节“阅读课”。
2.2LearningaboutLanguage中的两项活动(词汇和语法)和Workbook中的USINGWORDSANDEXPRESSIONS以及USINGSTRUCTURES内容一致，整合起来设计成一节“语言学习课”。
2.3将UsingLanguage中的听力部分(P25Reading,discussingandlistening)与Workbook中的LISTENING,LISTENINGTASK整合为一节“听力课”；由于Workbook中TALKING的任务是谈论前面两个听力内容的，所以将此项任务也加进这一课时。
2.4将UsingLanguage中的Readinganddiscussing以及其后的四项练习与Workbook中的READINGTASK以及其后的两项练习整合在一起，上一节“泛读课”。
2.5将UsingLanguage中的Speakingandwriting(P26)与WRITINGTASK,SPEAKINGTASK整合成一节“交流写作课”。
注：本单元“说”的任务分别体现在“听、写、读”等各项活动中，因此没有单独设计“口语课”。
3.课型设计与课时分配
1stPeriodReading
2ndPeriodLanguagestudy
3rdPeriodListening
4thPeriodExtensivereading
5thPeriodCommunicationandwriting

Ⅳ.分课时教案
TheFirstPeriodReading
Teachinggoals教学目标
1.Targetlanguage目标语言
a.重点词汇和短语
anecdote,annual,witness,accommodation,shore,yell,pack,flee,drag,depth,lip,tongue,abandon,relationship,aheadof,inthemeantime,helpout
b.重点句子
Werandowntotheshoreintimetoseeanenormousanimaloppositeusthrowingitselfoutofthewaterandthencrashingdownagain.P20
Withoutpausingwejumpedintotheboatwiththeotherwhalersandheadedoutintothebay.P20
Aswedrewcloser,Icouldseeawhalebeingattackedbyapackofaboutsixotherkillers.P20
Andthoseothersarestoppingitdivingorfleeingouttosea.P20
IttookoverhalfanhourtogettheboatbacktoJames...P21
2.Abilitygoals能力目标
EnabletheSstotalkaboutplantsandanimalsunderthesea.LettheSsknowthatseaplantsandanimalsarepartofhumanbeings’life.
3.Learningabilitygoals学能目标
HelptheSslearnhowtotalkaboutplantsandanimalsundertheseabymeansofmakingdialoguesandknowtheimportanceoftherelationshipbetweenanimalsandhumansthroughreading.
Teachingimportantpoints教学重点
HelptheSsknowmoreaboutplantsandanimalsundertheseaaswellastheanimals’loyaltyandhelptohumanbeings.
Teachingdifficultpoints教学难点
Analyzethestructureofsomesentences;
Summarizethemainideaofeachparagraphaswellasthetext.
Teachingmethods教学方法
Makingdialoguestocollectinformationabouttheplantsandanimalsunderthesea;
Fast-readingandcareful-readingmethods;
Thinkingandsummarizingmethods.
Teachingaids教具准备
Arecorder,aprojectorandsomeslides.
Teachingproceduresways教学过程与方式

StepⅠWarmingup
T:Goodmorning/afternoon,everyone!
Ss:Goodmorning/afternoon,Sir/Madam!
T:Haveyouseenplantsandanimalsthatliveunderthesea?Anddoyoulikethem?
Ss:Yes.Theyareverybeautifulandlovely./Someareuglyanddangerous./Ilikethemverymuchwhethertheyarebeautifulorugly./Yes,theyareverynice...
T:Mm,Isee.Butwheredidyouseethem?
Ss:Atanaquarium./Inthetunnelunderthesea./Inthezoo./OnTV,theprogramsabouttheseaanimals./OntheInternet.Ihaveseenalotofpicturesabouttheseaanimalsandplants...
T:Verygood.Yousee,yoursightofseaanimalsislimited.Doyouwanttoknowmoreaboutthem?
Ss:Yes!Verymuch!Buthow?
T:Nowyoucantalktoeachotherinpairsabouttheseaanimalsandplantsyou’veseenbeforetoenrichyourknowledgeofthem.UsethelistonPage19tohelpyou.
TheSsbegintotalkabouttheplantsandanimalsundertheseathey’veseenbeforeandtheteachercanwalkaroundtoseewhattheyaretalkingabout.Afterthattheteachercanasktwoorthreepairstoacttheirdialoguesout.
Possibledialogue1:
Sa:Lastsummerholiday,IwenttoHainanProvincewithmyparents.TherewhenIwasonmysnorkellingtrip,Isawmanykindsofbeautifulfishunderthesea.TheyhavesorichandfreshcolorsthatIcouldn’tbelievemyeyes.
Sb:Doyouknowtheirnames?
Sa:No.Solargevarietyofcolorfulfishthattheymademeastonished.ButIcouldhardlycallasinglenameofthem.MaybeIsawseaanemones,whichliveonrocksandlooklikeflowers.
Sb:Haveyouseenanythingspecial?
Sa:Yes.Isawsomecorals,realandlivingcorals.Youknowtheredoneisthemostbeautiful.
Sb:Red?I’veonlyseenwhiteonesindecorationshops.Ilikeitsfantasticshapes.ButIdon’tknowtherearesomeredones.
Sa:Besidesredones,therearepurple,yellow,blue,pinkones.
Sb:Oh!That’swonderful!Howluckyyouare!IlikeseaanimalsandplantsverymuchbutIhaven’tseenthemundertheseawithmyowneyes.I’veonlyseenthemonTVprogramsandinsomefilmsaboutlivingthingsunderthesea.
Sa:Whenwecanearnenoughmoneybyourselves,thefirstholidaytripwouldbegoingonasnorkellingtrip.
Sb:It’sago!
Possibledialogue2:
Sa:OnceIsawmanyturtlesintheAquariumofShanhaiguan.Someweresolargethattheycouldn’tmoveveryfast.Twoorthreeofthemhadhardhornsontheirlegs.Itissaidtheymusthavelivedatleastoverthreehundredyearsbeforetheyhavethiskindofthing.
Sb:Really?I’veneverheardaboutthat.IhavebeentoShengyaOceanWorldinDalian.Isawsomelargeturtlesbutdidn’tfindthatkindofones.
Sa:Youmusthaveseenmanyfish,right?
Sb:Certainly!Alargenumberofanimalsandplantsunderthesea.
Sa:Tellmemore,please.
Sb:Someeels,forexample.Theywerelongandthinwithsharpteethandswamveryquickly.Smallsharksinwhite-greycolorswamingroupsaroundthediver.Theywereactiveandseemednevertostop.Theexplainertoldusthatonlyafewkindsofsharksmightattackpeople.Therewerealsofatsealions,yellowandgreenparrotfish,blue-stripedangelfish,seahorses—theywereverysmall,floatinguprightinwater,seastarsinmanycolorsandsoon.Therewerealsosomeseaplantssuchaskelp.
Sa:That’swonderful.I’llaskmyparentstotakemetherenextsummerholiday!
T:Verygoodjob!Youmakemeknowmoreaboutthelovelyseaanimals.Wouldyoulikemetoshowyouaroundtheworldunderthesea?
Ss:Hurray!Wecouldn’twaitanymore!
T:Butremember,afteryou’veseeneachbeautifulcreaturewithoutnamemarked,youmusttrytowritedownthenameoftheanimalortheplantinyourexercisebooks,threeofyouwillbeaskedtowritethenamesontheblackboard.Whoeverwritesthenamesmostquicklyandaccuratelywillgetasmallgift.Clear?
ShowpicturesofseaplantsandanimalsonthescreenandasktheSstodothespellingjob.Ifpossible,ashortvideoabouttheworldunderseawouldbebetter.

(1)(2)
(3)(4)
(5)(6)
(7)(8)
(9)(10)
(11)(12)
(13)(14)
Namesoftheseseaanimalsandplants:
(1)whitewhale白鲸(2)anemone海葵
(3)seastar海星(4)shark鲨鱼
(5)coral珊瑚(6)butterflyfish蝴蝶鱼(7)seahorse海马
(8)turtle海龟(9)parrotfish鹦嘴鱼(10)kelp海带
(11)eel海鳗(12)angelfish天使鱼
(13)anemonefish海葵鱼(14)dolphin海豚
T:Aren’ttheybeautiful!Ithinkyou’veknownmoreaboutseaanimalsandplants.Now,let’sworkingroupsoffour,makingalistaboutwhatyouhaveknownaboutthemtocollecttheinformation.Drawaformlikethisandthenfillinit.Showthefollowingformonthescreen.AftertheSshavefinished,showafulfilledoneasasummary.
NamePlantsandanimals
you’veseenundertheseaWhereyou
sawthemFavouriteone
why
LiHuadolphins,flyingfish,kelps,algae,whitebait...Onaboattourdolphins:cleverandfriendlytopeople
WangXixiturtles,seahorses,sealion,sharks,whitewhale,seals...Atan
aquariumsealion:clever
canplaygame
WangXixiflatfish,ling,coral,kelps,algae,eels,clams,sea-slugs,whales,crabs,shrimps,cuttlefish,seasrats,seals,whalessharks,whelks,elephantseal,anemone,seajelly...OnTVandinfilmscoral:colourfulandincharmingshapes
kelps:tastyandnutrient
JianPingparrotfish,angelfish,eels,coral,kelps,turtles,scallops,clams...Ona
snorkelling
tripbutterflyfish:
beautifulincolors

StepⅡPre-reading
LettheSstalkaboutthepictureinPre-readingandgetthempreparedforthereadingpassage.
T:NowlookatthepictureinPre-reading.Whatcanyouseeandwhatdoyouthinkishappeninginit?
S:Inthepicturewecanseeahugefish,fromthewaterspurtedoutoftheblow-holeonitsheadwecanknowitmustbeawhale.Therearesomebigfishrunningafterit.Theyarehavingafight,Iguess.
S:Thereisasmallboatnotfarfromthewhale.Thepeopleontheboatmightbehuntingwhales.Iheardofitbefore.
T:Ifyouwanttouncoverthepuzzle,readthewordsontheleftsideofthepicture.
Afterashortwhile.
T:Whatdoesanecdotemean?Haveyougotitsmeaningfromthedictionary?
S:Itmeansashortstorybasedonyourpersonalexperience.
T:Right!Sowhatarethemaincharactersofthestory?
S:Whalers,killerwhalesandbaleenwhales.
T:Butwhatistherealnameofthekillers?Andhowdidtheyhelpthewhalerstocatchthebaleenwhales?Let’sreadthetextandfindtheanswers.

StepⅢReadingcomprehending
Inthisstep,theSswillreadthetextanddealwiththecomprehendingexercises.
Skimming
LettheSsskimthetextandgetthemainideasofthetwoanecdotes.
Afterskimming.
T:WhoisOldTom?Whatisthefirstanecdoteabout?
S:OldTomisthenameofkillerwhales.Thefirstanecdotedescribesahuntingexperienceabouthowthekillerwhaleshelpedthewhalerstohuntawhale.
T:Good!Howaboutthesecondone?
S:IttellsabouthowakillerwhaleprotectedandsavedJames,awhaler.
Scanning
LettheSsdoscanningandfindtheanswerstothequestionsinExercise2.
T:First,gothroughthequestionsinExercise2onPage21,andthenIwillgiveyouseveralminutestodoscanning.
Afewminuteslater,guidetheSstodopairwork(asfollows),whiletheteachercanwalkaroundtoseeiftheyhaveanyproblemstodealwith.
Sa:WhatevidencewastherethatOldTomwashelpingthewhalersout?
Sb:OldTomwasswimmingbytheboat,showingusthewayandleadingustothehunt.GeorgestartedbeatingthewaterwithhisoarandtherewasTom,circlingbacktotheboat,leadingustothehuntagain...
Thenasksomepairstoaskandanswerthequestionsbeforeclass.
T:Verygood!Nowcloseyourbooksandwe’lllistentothetapeofthistext.Takeoutapieceofpaper.Lookatthescreen,whileyouarelistening,payattentiontothewholestoryandtrytowritedownthemissingwordsinthesentencesaccordingtowhatyouhear.Areyouready?
Showthefollowingsentencesonthescreen.(Thesentencesaregivenwithblanks.)
1.Ithought,atthetime,thatthiswasjustastorybutthenIwitnesseditwithmyowneyesmanytimes.
2.…asIwassortingoutmyaccommodation,Iheardaloudnoisecomingfromthebay.
3.Werandowntotheshoreintimetoseeanenormousanimalthrowingitselfoutofthewaterandthencrashingdownagain.
4.“Comeon,Clancy.Totheboat,”Georgesaidasheranaheadofme.
5.Aswedrewcloser,Icouldseeawhalebeingattackedbyapackofaboutsixotherkillers.
6.Andthoseothersarestoppingitdivingorfleeingouttosea.
7.Withinamomentortwo,itsbodywasdraggedswiftlybythekillersdownintothedepthsofthesea.
8.Inthemeantime,OldTom,andtheothersarehavingagoodfeedonitslipsandtongue.
Afterplayingthetape,asksomeonetospelloutthewordsorwritethemdownontheBbtochecktheirlisteningandspellingtasks.Atlast,showtheanswersonthescreen.

StepⅣDiscussion
DealwithExercise3inComprehending.LettheSsworkingroupsanddosomediscussion.
T:Lookatthetitleofthistext:OldTomtheKillerWhale.WhoisOldTomandwhatisspecialaboutit?
S:Itisakillerwhale!It’stheheadofthekillerwhaleteam,Ithink.
S:Maybeitisthemostcleverandpowerfuloneintheteam.
T:Nowingroups,discusstherelationshipbetweenOldTomandthewhalers.Thendiscusswhatotheranimalshelpouthumansinhunting.
Asampledescription:
Sa:OldTomishonestandhelpfultothewhalersandthewhalersareverykindtoOldTomanditsgroup,too.They’rejustlikegoodfriends.
Sb:Ithinkso.MaybeOldTomandotherkillershavebeentrainedbythewhalers,justlikehuntingdogs,theygetonwellwiththewhalers.Ineverydaylifetheytakecareofeachotherandinanemergency,theyhelpeachother.
Sc:Speakingtohuntingdogs,Ithinktheyarethemosttypicalanimalsthathelpouthumansinhunting.Uponmeetingthequarries,theyareveryexcitedandlistentotheirmastersverywelltohuntforthem.Ifthereisagroupofdogs,theymayworktogethertilltheyhelpthemastercatchthequarries.Thentheywillbeveryhappyandcomebacktothemastertoreporttheirsuccess.That’sveryinteresting.Andiftheirmasterisindanger,theywillrushuptorescuehim.Therearemanymovingstoriesofthiskind.
Sd:Yes.Afterreadingthetext,wecanlearnmoreabouttherelationshipbetweenhumansandanimals.Humansandanimalsshoulddependoneachotherandbekindtoeachother.Onlyinthatway,cantheworldbemoreharmoniousandbeautiful.
Dealwithsomelanguagepoints.

StepⅤHomework
T:Asamatteroffact,whalesarenowanendangeredanimal.Manypeoplearetryingtoprotectthemfrombeinghunted.ThelastwhalingstationinAustraliaclosedin1978.Butsomecountriesopposetheban.Andtherearestillpeoplewhohuntwhales.What’syouropinion?Areyoufororagainstthebanningwhaling?Considertheproblemcarefullyandwe’llhaveadiscussiontomorrow.Good-byeeveryone!

TheSecondPeriodLanguagestudy
Teachinggoals教学目标
1.Targetlanguage目标语言
a.重点词汇和短语
depth,shore,accommodation,inthemeantime,park,snorkel,rent,seaside,net,beawareof,reflecton,pure,upsidedown,scaretodeath
b.重点句子
Jameswasafraidofbeingattackedbysharks.P23
Thechildrenenjoyedbeingtakentotheaquarium.P23
2.Abilitygoals能力目标
RevisethePassiveVoiceofthe-ingform.
Learntousesomenewwordsandphrases.
3.Learningabilitygoals学能目标
HelptheSstolearnhowtousethePassiveVoiceespecially“beingdone”formbypracticingandsummarizing.
Teachingimportantpoints教学重点
ThePassiveVoiceand“beingdone”usedasobject,attributeandsoon.
Teachingdifficultpoints教学难点
HelptheSstomastertheusageofthePassiveVoiceand“beingdone”structure.
Teachingmethods教学方法
Concluding,summarizingandpracticing.
Teachingaids教具准备
Aprojectorandacomputer.
Teachingproceduresways教学过程与方式

StepⅠRevision
T:Goodmorning/afternooneveryone!
Ss:Goodmorning/afternoon,Sir/Madam!
T:Attheendoflastperiod,youwereaskedtothinkabouttheinternationalbanonwhaling.Areyouforitoragainstit?Nowlet’sworkingroupsoffouranddiscussthereasonsforandagainstbanningwhaling.
WhiletheSsarehavingdiscussion,walkaroundtoseeiftheyaregettingonwellwiththejob.Whentheyhavefinished,asktheSstospeakouttheirgroup’sopinionsandreasons.
Possiblediscussion:
Sa:Ithinkit’simportanttoprotectwhales.Afteralongtimehunting,thenumberofwhaleshaslargelydecreased.Ontheotherhand,withthedevelopmentofindustry,theseahasbeenseriouslypollutedandthepollutionhaskilledmanywhales.
Sb:Yes.Iagreeontheinternationalban.Whaleisoneoftheoldestspeciesontheearth.Protectingthemeffectivelyandstudyingthemseriouslywillbringhumanbeingsgreatbenefit.
Sc:Whalesarethehugestanimalslivingintheocean.Thenumberoftheminnaturewillhavegreateffectonthebalanceofseaanimalsaswellasnature.
Sd:WeseemtohavethesameideaaboutthetopicandIagreewithyouall.Firstly,animalsarehumanbeing’sfriends;wemusttrytoprotectthem,especiallythoseendangered.Itisreportedthatmanywhaleskillthemselvesforsomeunknownreasonsonsomebeacheseveryyear.Maybethatiscausedbypollution.Inaword,manhasdonemuchharmtowhales.It’stimeforushumanstodosomethingtoprotectthem.Nomorewhaling!
T:Yes,nomorewhaling!Iagreewithyouverymuch!Ihopeyoucangetmoreinformationaboutwhalesafterclasstolearnmoreabouttheircurrentsituation.

StepⅡLanguagestudy
DealwiththeusefulwordsandexpressionsinthisunitandlettheSsdosomeexercisestomastertheirmeaningsandusages.
T:TurntoPages22,pleasefinishExx1-3.
WhentheSshavefinishedthat,checktheanswerswiththewholeclass.
T:Now,we’llrevisesomeusefulstructures.
Astheteacherexplainsthegrammar,he/shewillshowtheslidesatpropertime.

StepⅢPractice(Workbookexercises)
LettheSsfinishtheexercisesinUSINGWORDSANDEXPRESSIONSonPage63tofurtherpracticetheuseofsomekeywordsandexpressions.
ThenletthemfinishtheexercisesinUSINGSTRUCTURES.Afterstudentshavefinished,showsomestudents’workontheprojector,checktheirworkwiththewholeclass.Correcttheerrorsifthereareany.
Thisstructureisusedafterprepositionsandverbsnormallyfollowedby-ingform.SotheteachercanhelptheSssummarizetheverbsorphrasalverbsfollowedby-ingform.

StepⅣHomework
Homeworkfortoday:
1.Revisethegrammarandlanguagepoints.
2.Writefivesentenceswith“beingdone”structureasdifferentcomponentsofasentence.
TheThirdPeriodListening
Teachinggoals教学目标
1.Targetlanguage目标语言
重点词汇和短语
opportunity,annual,migration,Antarctic,whalewatchingtour,witness,awesome,leapoutof,seal,refund,pensioner,sharkattack
2.Abilitygoals能力目标
EnabletheSstolistentothreedialoguesaboutatourtheyhavereadintheadvertisementandaninterviewofasharkexperttoanswerthequestionsgiven.
3.Learningabilitygoals学能目标
Learnhowtogetrightinformationfromwhattheyhearonthetapeandanswerthequestionsgivenaccordingtothelisteningmaterial.
Teachingimportantanddifficultpoints教学重难点
Listentodialoguestopickouttheexpressionsaboutblameandcomplaintandfillinthemissingwordsintheshortpassagesgiven.
Answersomequestionsgivenaboutsharksinordertosmooththewayoflistening.
Teachingmethods教学方法
Listening,speakingandcooperativelearning.
Teachingaids教具准备
Arecorder.
Teachingproceduresways教学过程与方式

StepⅠRevision
T:Goodmorning/afternooneveryone!
Ss:Goodmorning/afternoon,Sir/Madam!
T:Now,I’llcheckyourhomework.Readthesentencesyou’vemadewiththepassivevoiceof-ingform.
OrasksomeSstowritedowntheirsentencesontheBb,correctthemistakesifany.
Samplesentences:
Beingastudent,IknowImustworkhard.(Adverbial)
I’mveryexcitedaboutbeinginvitedtomyfriend’sbirthdayparty.(Objectofprep.)
Wedon’tlikebeingkeptwritinghomeworkalldaylongonSunday.(Objectofvt.)
Beingpraisedisapleasure.(Subject)
Theboybeingblamediscrying.(Attribute)

StepⅡListening(1)
T:Page25,please.Youwillfindanadvertisementaboutwhalewatchingtours.Haveyoueverbeenonsuchatour?Whatcanyouexperienceonthistour?...Nowreaditcarefullyandtrytoanswerthequestionsaboveit.Youcandiscusswithyourpartners.
Suggestedanswers:
1.Youcan:listentowhalessingingandwatchthemunderwateronthevideocamera;witnesswhalesintheirnaturalenvironmentastheyleapoutofwaterandfeedinourwaters;enjoyplentyofothermarineanimalssuchasdolphins,sealsandpenguins.
2.Iameagertogoonthistour.Iwouldliketowitnesswhalesintheirnaturalenvironmentastheyleapoutofwaterandfeedinourwatersbest.
3.Youwillgetarefundifyoudon’tseeawhaleonthetour.
T:Nowwearegoingtohearsomedialoguesbetweentouristsandatourguide.Theyhavefinishedthewhalewatchingtour.LookattheaspectsinEx2.Gothroughtheaspectsgivenanddecidewhichonesthetouristsmightthinkweregoodandwhichtheymightcomplainabout.Afterthat,we’lllistentothetapeandchecktheanswers.Clear?
Playthetape.Forthefirsttime,theyarerequiredtochecktheanswerstheyhavechosen.Forthesecondtime,theyshouldnumbertheaspectsintheordertheyhearaboutthem.Thenchecktheanswerswiththewholeclass.
T:Wehavesomanyjobstodotoday.NowPage26.Let’slistentothetapeagaintofinishExx3-5.ForEx4,youarerequiredtopickouttheexpressionsaboutcomplaintineachofthethreedialoguesandthencompletethesentencesgiven.Theseexpressionsarethefunctionalitemsofthisunit.
PlaythetapeagainandhelptheSstofinishthesetasksandatlast,checktheanswerswiththeclass.

StepⅢListening(2)
T:TurntoPage62please.Firstlookatthethreephotos.Whatdoyouseeinthem?
Ss:Sharks.
T:Haveyouseenanysharkswithyourowneyes?Wheredidyouseethem?Howwouldyouliketodescribethem?
S:Isawtheminanaquarium.Ithinktheyarehugeandfierce.
S:IsawthemontheTV.Itisreportedthatsharksattackpeopleonthebeachesinsomeareas.
T:Howdoyoufeelwhenyoulookatthephotosofthem?
S:Ifeelscared.
S:Ifeelamazed.
S:Ifeelthathumansaresofragileandweakinfrontofthem.
ThenlettheSsdiscussthequestionsabovethephotosingroupsandmakeshortdialogues.Theywillshareinformationwitheachotherandlearnmoreaboutsharks.
Possibledialogue1:
Sa:Wherehaveyouseensharks?
Sb:I’veseenthematanaquarium.
Sa:Whatdoyouknowaboutthem?
Sb:Iknowfromtheinterpreterthattherearemanykindsofsharksintheworldbutjustafewofthemmayattackpeople.Whataboutyou,C?
Sc:I’veseenthembothonTVandatanaquarium.WhenIsawtheminthelargeaquarium,Ifoundtheywerenotsobigandfierce.Onthecontrary,theywerelivelyandactive.WhenIsawthemonTVprogramsabouttheworldunderthesea,Ifoundtheyswamveryquicklylikeanarrow.Infact,Ilikethemverymuch.Doyouknowanythingaboutshark,A?
Sa:Yes.I’veseenthemontheInternet,onTVandinthefilmofJaws.Theanimalisawonderfulcreatureinnature;whileinthefilmitwasverycruelandfierceandkilledmanypeople.ButIdon’tthinkthefilmtellsthetruestoriesofsharks.Ialwaysthinkifyoudon’tdisturbthewildanimals,theywon’tattackyou,either.
Possibledialogue2:
Sa:Howdoyoufeelwhenyoulookatthephotos?
Sb:Inthefirstandsecondone,theyseemfine.Theyhaveaverygoodshapeandtheycanswimveryquickly.
Sc:Butinthethirdoneitlooksveryfrightening,justlikethebigsharkinthefilmJaws.It’sterrible.Whatdoyouthinkaboutthem,A?
Sa:Sometimeswemayhearnewsthatsharksattackpeopleandthismayfrightenpeopleverymuch.Butpeopleoftenpaylessattentiontothefactthatmanymoresharksarekilledbypeopleeveryyearandtheiramountinnaturedroppeddownveryquickly.
Sb:Yes.Peoplekillfarmoresharksthansharksdotopeople.AndIknowfromsomebooksthatseldomdothewildanimalsattackhumanbeings,ifpeoplewon’tdisturbthem.Sopeopleshouldthinkseriouslywhattheyhavedonetosharks.Forexample,whetherwe’vedestroyedtheirsurvivingenvironmentorwhethertoomuchfishinghasbrokentheirfoodchains.
T:Asweallknow,sharksattackpeople.NowLet’slistentothenewsreportsonsharkattacks.Numbertheplaceswheretheseattackshappenedintheorderyourhearthem.Areyouready?
PlaythetapetwiceormorefortheSstolistenandfinishExx2-3.Afterthat,checktheanswerswiththem.ThenlettheSsworkingroupsanddiscussthequestionsinEx4.
SuggestedanswerstoQ1:
Sa:Justnowweheardsomereportsonsharkattacks.Astowhetherpeopleshouldhuntdownandkillsharks,Ithinkthatdependsonthecase.Ifthesharkkillspeople,liketheoneinthefilmJaws,itshouldbekilledinordertosavepeople’slives.Butwemustn’tkillthosethatneverattackpeoplebecausenotallsharksmighthurtpeople.Wecan’tkillthewholefamilyjustbecauseoneofthemkilledaperson.
Sb:Iagree.Sharkattacksjusthappenonceinawhile.Infact,thechancesofbeingbittenbyasharkareactuallyverysmall.Comparedtowhatpeoplehavedonetosharks,theyareinnocent.Imaginethatifhumanbeingshadn’tdisturbedtheircircumstanceordestroyedtheirfoodchainorpollutedseawaterandsoon,wouldthatkindsofthingshappensooften?
Sc:Yes.Wehumanbeingsmustreflectonourselveswhetherweleaveenoughspaceforseaanimals,likesharks,tosurviveinnature.Ifwewanttoomuchfromthesea,wemustbepunished,byanimals,bynatureorinsomeotherways.Ontheotherhand,peoplecantakemeasurestoavoidthis.Forexample,nottoswimtooclosetotheirhabitats,leavethemenoughspace;nottofishtoomuch,especiallythecertainkindsoffishforsharks’food;protecttheoceanfrombeingpollutedtoprovidegoodseaenvironmentforallseaanimalsandmostly,forhumanbeings.
SuggestedanswerstoQ2:
Sa:Ithinkitmattersifmanysharksarekilledbypeople.Everyoneknowsthatanyspecieshasitsownpositioninnature,sayingnothingofsharks,largeandimportantanimals.Theamountofsharkswillmakegreateffectontheseacreaturechain,whileseacreaturechainwillaffecttheocean,andtheoceanwillactontheclimatestraight,andasaresult,onhumanbeings.SoIthinkanimals,suchassharks,haveaverycloserelationtopeople.
Sb:Yes.Itisreportedthatsharkpopulationsaredecreasingataseriousratebecauseofmodernfishingtechnology.Ontheotherhand,withthedeepwaterconditiongettingworsebypollutionandpeople’skilling,moreandmorespeciesarebecomingendangered.
Sc:AsfarasIknow,upto200millionsharksarekilledeachyear.Thisformerhugefamilynowhasnolongerheldadvantages.Theirsituationmakesusworried.SoIthinkgovernmentshouldmakesurethatthefishingofsharksissloweddown.Meanwhile,takematurestoprotectthem.
T:Verygoodjob!I’mverygladtofindthatyouhavegotstrongsenseofenvironmentalprotection.
Now,lookatthescreenandwewillreadtwopiecesofnewswithpictures.
Dealwiththenewwordsfirst.
Onthescreen
Whalesanddolphinsmysteriouslystranded
Updated:
Newwords:Tasmanian.塔斯马尼亚;
beachingn.海滩;steerv.驾驶,转向;
strandvt.搁浅;rescuern.救助者;
survivorn.生还者
(1)
AlisonJoyceandhertwo-year-sonTylerlookbottle-noseddolphinsstrandedonSeaElephant
BeachonTasmania’sKingIslandinAustraliaNovember29,2004.Over100ofthemammalsmysteriouslybeachedthemselvesinamassstrandingwhichwasrepeatedatanotherbeachontheislandstates’south-eastcoast.Morethanthree-quartersofAustralia’swhalestrandingsoccurinTasmania.
(2)
Partofapodofbeachedlong-finnedpilotwhalesliedeadinthesandatSeaElephantBeachonTasmania’sKingIsland,Australia,November28,2004.Morethan100whalesanddolphinsdiedintwoseparatebeachingsin24hoursonremoteAustralianislands,leavingrescuersonMondaystrugglingtosteersurvivorsouttoseaandpreventmorestrandings.
AfterreadingthenewstheremayappearaspecialatmosphereinclassamongtheSsandtheymaygetaspecialeducationaswell.TheteachercantaketheopportunitytomaketheSsknowdeeplytheimportanceoftheprotectingnature.

StepⅣListening(3)
T:NextwearegoingtolistentoaninterviewwiththesharkexpertDonJames.Beforeyoulisten,gothroughthestatementsinEx1onPage65andpredictwhatyouwillhearintheinterview.Thenlistenandnumberthesestatementsintheorderyouhearthem.
AftertheSshavefinishedreadingthestatements,playthetape.Thenchecktheorderofthestatements.ThenlettheSstrytoanswerthequestionsinEx2inpairs.Playthetapeforthesecondtime.AsktheSstotakesomenoteswhilelistening.Finally,asksomeofthemtoanswerthequestionswiththehelpoftheirnotesaccordingtowhattheyhear.

StepⅤHomework
T:Todaywehavetalkedaboutandlistenedtosomethingaboutseaanimals.Tomorrowwe’lllearnmoreinterestingthingsaboutthem.PleasepreviewthereadingpassageonPage24.Nowclassisover.Goodbye,everyone.
Ss:Goodbye,Sir/Madam.

TheFourthPeriodExtensivereading
Teachinggoals教学目标
1.Targetlanguage目标语言
a.重点词汇和短语
reflecting,puremagic,beauty,cell,becameawareof,vivid,poisonous,cave,narrow,upsidedown,sharp,tasty,scaredtodeath,shallow
b.重点句子
I’msittinginthewarmnightairwithacolddrinkinmyhandandreflectingontheday—adayofpuremagic!
ThefirstthingIbecameawareofwasallthevividcolourssurroundingme...
Whatawonderful,limitlessworlditwasdownthere!
2.Abilitygoals能力目标
EnabletheSstoknowmoreaboutthelivingthingsundertheseaandexperiencethebeautifulandharmoniousnaturebyreadingadiarydescribingtheanimalsandsceneryundertheseaandlearntowriteasimilaroneaccordingtotheexpressionsgiven.
3.Learningabilitygoals学能目标
Trytoimprovethestudents’readingabilitybygraspingtheinformationinthedairyabouttheworldunderthesea.Strengthentheirsenseofenvironmentalprotection.
Teachingimportantanddifficultpoints教学重难点
EnabletheSstoreadforspecificinformationandguidetheSstowritetheirowndiary.
Teachingmethods教学方法
Reading,listeningandspeaking.
Teachingaids教具准备
Arecorder,aprojectorandacomputer.
Teachingproceduresways教学过程与方式

StepⅠRevision
T:Goodmorning/afternooneveryone!
Ss:Goodmorning/afternoon,Sir/Madam!
T:YesterdayIaskedyoutopreviewthereadingpassageonPage23.It’schosenfromsomeone’sdiary.Whatdoesthewriterwriteabout?
Ss:Thewriterreflectedhisorherexperienceofsnorkelingonthereef.He/Shedescribedtheanimalsandthesceneryunderthesea.
T:Goodjob!

StepⅡReading(1)
ReadinganddiscussingP24
T:Almosteveryoneofyoulikestowatchtheprogramsabouttheseaandthesealife.That’sagreatenjoyment.Don’tyouthinkso?Ifyouhaveachancetogoonasnorkelingtrip,howwillyoufeel?
Ss:We’llfeelcrazilyhappy./Thatwouldbethemostfantasticthing./Itwouldbethemostexcitingthinginmylife...
T:Yes,Icanunderstandyourfeelings.NowlistentothetapegoingwiththepassageonPage24withoutlookingatyourtextbooks.Trytocounthowmanyseaanimalsthewritermentionsinhis/herdairy.Let’sbegin!
PlaythetapefortheSstolistentoandlettheSstrytowritedownthenamesoftheseaanimalsmentionedinthediary.Afterthat,checkthejobbyaskingsomeonetotellthenamesoftheseaanimals.
T:Howmanyanimalsdoesthewritermentioninhis/herdiary?
Ss:7.
T:Whatarethey?
Ss:Theyareparrotfish,sea-slug,sea-star,turtle,eel,clamandreefshark.
T:Right.Bytheway,thereisanotherkindofcreature,notfish,whicharedescribedmuch,especiallytheirshapes.Whatarethey?
Ss:Corals!
T:Yes.You’vedoneverywell.Let’sreadthetextcarefullytoenjoythebeautifulviewundertheseaandhavealookattheselovelyanimals.Whileyouarereading,trytoanswerthequestionsonthescreenandfindoutthemainideaofeachparagraph.Fiveorsixminuteslater,I’llcheckyourworkbyaskingsomeonetoanswerthesequestionsandtelltheclassthemainideaofeachparagraph.Areyouclear?
Onthescreen
Para1Questions:1.Whatdidthewriterdointhemorningon19thJanuary?
2.Whatdidhethinkafterseeingsuchextraordinarybeauty?
Mainidea:__________.
Para2Questions:1.Whatisthefirstthinghebe-
cameawareof?
2.Doeshethinkthecoralsarefantastic?Why?
Mainidea:__________
Para3Questions:1.Didhefrightenthefishwhenheswamamongthem?
2.Whatfishesdidheseeunderthesea?Speakoutatleastthreekinds.
Mainidea:__________
Para4Questions:1.Werethereanythingthatmadehimfeelfrightened?Whatwerethey?
2.Dothesharkshementionedhurtpeople?
Mainidea:__________
Para5Question:Whydidhesayhewasverybrave?
Mainidea:__________
Para6Mainidea:__________
WhentheSshavefinishedtheirreading,checktheirworkintheask-and-answerway.Whentheysumupthemainideas,givethemnecessaryguideandthenshowthesuggestedideasonthescreen.
Takethefirstoneforexample:
T:Nowyouhavefinishedyourreading,haven’tyou?
Ss:Yes!
T:InPara1,whatdidthewriterdointhemorningon19thJanuary?
S:Hewentsnorkeling.
...
Suggestedanswersandmainideas:
Para1Answers:1.Hewentsnorkeling.
2.Hethoughteverycellinhisbodywokeupanditwaslikediscoveringawholenewdimensionoflife.
Mainidea:Goingsnorkelingonthereef,thewriterspentadayofpuremagicanditwasthemostfantasticthinghehaseverdone.
Para2Answers:1.Allthevividcolourssurroundinghim.
2.Yes.Becausetheywereshapedstrangelylikefans,plates,brains,laceandsoon.
Mainidea:Hebecameawareoffantasticviewsunderthesea,suchasthewonderfulcolours,thestrange-shapedcorals,andallkindsofelegantfish.
Para3Answers:1.No,hedidn’t.Thefishdidn’tseemtomindhimswimmingamongthem.
2.Hesawmanybeautifulfishsuchasanemonefish,parrotfish,angelfish,andsoon.
Mainidea:Hesawavarietyofbeautifulfishandsealifeunderthesea.
Para4Answers:1.Yes,therewere.Hedidn’twanttogettooclosetotheeel,thegiantclam.Andthegreyreefsharksmadehimscaredtodeath.
2.No,theydon’t.Theyarenotdangerous.
Mainidea:Thedescriptionofsomeuglyandmaybedangerouscreatures.
Para5Answer:Becauseheswamovertheedgeofthereefandhungtherelookingdownintodepthsoftheocean.
Mainidea:Hefeltveryexposedinsuchdeepclearwater.
Para6Mainidea:Sighwithemotion:WhatatinyspotIwasinthisenormousworld!
T:Verywonderfuljobyou’vedone!Nowdoyouhaveanyquestionsaboutthewordsandexpressionsinthepassage?
Dealwithsomelanguagepoints.
Languagepoints:
1.be/becomeawareof:gettoknow
e.g.Themangersofthecompanyhavebeenawareoftheirweakness.
Iwasnotawareofthefire.
Add:Thereisanotherpatternabout“beaware”:beaware+clause
e.g.Wewerequiteawarethatthecompetitionwasveryfierce.
Areyouawarehowtheywouldrespondtoourterms?
2.reflect
(1)vt.throw(light)back:
e.g.Amirrorreflectsapictureofyouwhenyoulookinit.
(2)vt.express(+clause)
e.g.Doeswhatyousaidreflecthowyoureallythink?
(3)vi.thinkcarefully(+on)
e.g.Hereflectedonmyquestionsbeforeanswering.
ThendealwithExx1-4onPage24.

StepⅢReading(2)
READINGTASKP66
T:Let’scometothestoryabouttheseagoddessonPage67.Lookatthetwopicturesbeforeyoureadthestory.LookatPicture1,whichpartoftheworlddoyouthinkthismanisfrom?
Ss:MaybeheisfromtheNorthPole.
T:Whydoyouthinkso?
S:Becausewecanseesomeicebergs.
S:Andheispaddlingacanoeandwearingthickclothes.
T:Then,whatdoyouthinkhisclothesaremadeof?
S:IfhedoesliveintheareaoftheNorthPole,Iguesshisclothesaremadeofanimalfurs.
T:Thatmakessense.LookatPicture2.Haveyouseenpictureslikethisbefore?
Ss:Yes.
T:Wheredidyouseethem?
Ss:Inthepicturebooksoffairytale./OnTVprograms.
T:Doyouknowanystorythatinvolvesacreaturelikeher?Whatisthestory?
Ss:ThefairytalewrittenbyAndersen,“TheLittleMermaid”.
T:Verygood!Nowlet’sglancethroughthestoryquicklyandmatchtheparagraphwiththecorrectsentenceinEx2onPage68.
AftertheSshavefinishedit,checktheanswers.
T:Infact,eachsentenceisthemainideaofitscorrespondingparagraph.Haveyoufindthat?
ThendealwithEx3.LettheSsreadthestoryagainandanswerthequestions.Atlast,checktheanswers.
Suggestedanswers:
1.Becauseherfatherwasgettingoldandhecouldnotlookafterherdaughteranymore.
2.HewasafraidthatSednawouldn’tagreetomarryhimifsheknewhewasnotamanbutaseabird.
3.BecausethebirdmancausedaseastormwithangerandSedna’sfatherwassofrightenedthathegrabbedSednaandthrewherintothesea.
4.MaybeSedna’sfatherwasonceseriouslyhurtbythebirdman.Sohewasfrightenedofthebirdman.
5.Yes.Becausewhensheisangry,shekeepsalltheanimalsintheseaawayfromthehunters,whodependontheseafortheirsurvival.AndIthinkthatisamagicpowerthenatureofferstoherforherbeauty,clearnessandkindness.
Iftimeallows,asktheSstotalkaboutthestoryconcerningitsmoraleducation.
T:Whatdoyoufeelafteryoureadthestory?WhatdoyouthinkofSednaandherfather?Whatdoyouthinkthestoryistryingtoconvey?Orwhathaveyoulearnedfromthisstory?Nowthinkaboutthesequestions.
Possibleidea1:
Ithinkitisamiserablestory.Firstly,itiswrongforSedna’sfathertoforcehisdaughtertomarryaman.Evenworse,whenherealizedhewaswrongandtriedtohelphisdaughtertoescape,heactuallygaveupfacingthethreateningandterrifyingfromthebirdman.Andtheworstthingisthathehimselfthrewhisdaughterintotheseaandthatkilledhisowndaughter.Ihatethefather.Heisacoward.
Possibleidea2:
Idon’tthinkitisabeautifullegend.Sednawasabeautifulandkindgirl.Sherefusedallthemenwhowishedtomarryherbecauseshelovedherfather,butherfatherdidn’tknowthat.Onthecontrary,heforcedhisdaughtertomarryamanshedidn’tlove.Whatwasworse,hegaveintothebirdmanwhofrightenedthemwithviolenceandthrewhisdaughterintothesea,evencutoffhisdaughter’sfingers.Whatafather!Heissocruel!IthinkthebadfatherwouldbepunishedbyGod.

TheFifthPeriodCommunicationandwriting
Teachinggoals教学目标
1.Targetlanguage目标语言
a.重点词汇和短语
puremagic,extraordinarybeauty,fantasticthing,scaredtodeath
b.功能句式
That’snotgoodenough.
I’msorrybut...
I’mafraid...
I’mfeeling(annoyedwith/unhappyabout/unsatisfiedwith...).
I’mnotfeeling(happyabout/satisfiedwith...).
I’dliketotalktothemanager.
I’dlikeafullrefund.
That’snogoodforme.
I’dlikearefund,please.
2.Abilitygoals能力目标
EnabletheSstodescribeaplaceandtheplantsoranimalstherewiththetargetlanguage.
EnabletheSstomakecomplaintusingtheexpressionsgiven.
3.Learningabilitygoals学能目标
HelptheSslearnhowtowriteadescriptionofaplaceandtheplantsoranimalstherewiththetargetlanguage.
HelptheSslearnhowtomakecomplaintwiththetargetlanguage.
Teachingimportantanddifficultpoints教学重难点
HelptheSstomastertheusefulexpressionsandlearntousethemtoexpressblameandComplaintincertainsituations.
Teachingmethods教学方法
Discussing,guidedwritingandspeaking.
Teachingaids教具准备
Aprojectorandacomputer.
Teachingproceduresways教学过程与方式

StepⅠRevision
T:Goodmorning/afternooneveryone!
Ss:Goodmorning/afternoon,Sir/Madam!
T:Yesterday,IaskedyoutoworkingroupstocheckthemeaningsoftheexpressionsgivenonPage24andtalkaboutthetimesyouhadfeelinglikethese.Haveyoudonethat?Nowwhowouldliketotellaboutatimeyouhadthesefeelings?
ThenasksomeSstotellaboutthetimestheyhadfeelingslikethese.

Possibledescriptions:
Sa:Ihadadayofpuremagiclastsummer.MyparentstookmeforatourinBenxi,LiaoningProvince.Whenwewentintoacavern,wesawicicle-shapedstalactites(钟乳石)grotesqueinshape,hangingfromtheroofofthecavern.Whenthestalactiteswerelightedbythecolorfullights,theylookedextraordinarybeauty.Thenwetookaboatfloatingontheriver,itwasverydark.Ourboathittherockofthebanknowandthen,makingmyheartbeatingwildly.TheexploringtourwasthemostfantasticthingIhaveeverdone.
Sb:Youreallyhadamagicday!WhenIwenttotheGreatWall,Ialsohadafantasticfeeling.Yousee,whenIwasclimbinganarrowironladderstraightuptoahighwatchtower,Ifeltscaredtodeathandmyheartwasbeatingwildly.ButwhenIreachedthetopofthewatchtowerandlookedoutoverthemountains,everycellinmybodywokeup.Mymoodwasextraordinarygoodanditwaslikediscoveringawholenewdimensionoflife.
Sc:ThetimeIspentatShengya—theWorldundertheSea,anaquariuminDalian,maybecomparedwithyours.WhenIgotintotheaquariumunderthesea,Ifeltlikediscoveringawholenewdimensionoflife.Avarietyofbeautifulfishandmanyotheroceananimals,whichIcouldn’tcalltheirnames,wereswimmingaroundandthecolorfulseaplantswerewavingsoftlyfollowingthecurrentofthesea.Seeingsuchextraordinarybeautyintheworld,Ifelteverycellinmybodywokeup.Thatwasreallyadayofpuremagic.

StepⅡWriting(1)
T:Inlastperiodwereadadairy,inwhichthewriterusedverybeautifulwordsandphrasestodescribecolours,patterns,shapesandbehaviouroftheanimals.Nowpleasewriteaparagraphtodescribeaplaceandtheplantsoranimalsthere.Youcanreadthethirdandthefourthparagraphofthedairyasmodelforyourownwriting.FiveorsixminuteslaterI’llcheckyourwork.
TheSswillreadthethirdandfourthparagraphbeforetheystartwriting.Whentheyarewriting,theteachershouldwalkaroundtoseeiftheyhaveanyproblemstodealwith.Fiveorsixminuteslater,showoneortwocopiesonthescreenandcheckthemwiththewholeclass.
Samplewriting:
Whenwecameintothearboretum,oursightwasattractedbyallthevividcoloursofvarietiesofflowersatonce—reds,yellows,purples,white,blue,pinks,orangesandsoon.IlovedLiliesverymuch,whichwereshapedlikehorns.Thewhiteoneswerethemostsweet-smellingwithlargesize;thepinkoneswerebeautifulinbothcolourandsweetandtheorangeoneswerevividincolourwithnosweetandsmallsize.IlovedRosesthebest.Theyhavealladvantagesinthelargeflowersizes,good-lookingshapes,richcoloursandsweetsmell.AnewtypeofRosenamedBlueYaojiwassocharmingthatIjustwantedtokissthegem-blueflowers.TheButterflyOrchidswerebothrareandbeautiful.TheycamefromTaiwanProvincewithalongbloomtime.TheygotthenameButterflyOrchidsbecauseoftheflowershapesbadlylikebutterflies.Mostofthemwerepurplesandwhite.ButIfoundayellowkind,onwhichtheflowerswereabitsmalllikeyellowjade.Theywerereallybeautiful.Seeingtheextraordinarybeauty,Ifelteverycellinmybodywokeup.Itwaslikediscoveringawholenewdimensionoflife.
StepⅢSpeaking
SpeakingandwritingP27
T:Inourdailylife,wesometimesmeetwithsomethingunpleasantandmakecomplaint.Sowhenyougotoanothercountry,youshouldlearntocomplainpolitely,thenyoumaygetagoodsolution.LookatthethreesituationsonPage27.Haveyouevermetthesesituationsinyourlife?Whatdidyousayatthattime?Orwhatwillyousayifyouareinsuchsituations?Thinkaboutit....Nowreadtheexpressionsabovethesituationsandseehowtheycanhelpyoutomakecomplaintforeachofthesituation.Thenworkinpairs,chooseonesituationandmakeupadialogueforit.
Afterawhile,checktheirworkbyaskingseveralpairstoactouttheirdialogues.

Possibledialogue1:
Sa:Yousee,Imissedmyflight,official.
Sb:Don’tworry.Youcantakethenextflight.Wewon’tchargemore.
Sa:Youwon’tchargemore?ImeanI’dlikearefund,please.
Sb:I’msorrybutwedon’thavethatterm.
Sa:Imissedmyflightbecauseyoudidn’tannouncedthedelayoftheflightovertheloudspeaker.Youdelayedmytourandyoubearresponsibilityforit.
Sb:Let’strytofindabettersolution.
Possibledialogue2:
Sa:Waiter!
Sb:Yes?
Sa:ThefishIorderedtastesterrible.I’dliketotalktothemanager.
Sb:I’msorry.I’mthemanager.I’llaskthemtochangethefishforyouatonce.
Sa:That’snotgoodenough.Comingheretohaveamealshouldbeapleasantthing,howcanyouoffermesuchbadfood.I’mfeelingveryunsatisfiedwithyourservice.
Sb:I’msorry.Buthowcanwemakeyousatisfied?
Sa:I’dlikeagooddishandafullrefund.
Sb:I’mafraidwecan’tdothat.Butwecansendyouanotherdish.
Possibledialogue3:
Sa:Lookatthetrousers!Theyaretooshortforme.
Sb:I’msorry.Letmehavealookatthem.Well,don’tworry,Icanmendthemforyou.
Sa:That’snogoodforme.I’mnotfeelinghappyaboutapairofmendedtrousers.
Sb:Ihaveagoodidea.I’lladdlacesalongthecuffs.Theywilllookbeautifulandfashionable.
Sa:ButI’dstilllikearefund.
Sb:AsIdelayedyourwearing,Iagreetogiveyouaquarterrefund.IsitOK?
Sa:That’sOK.
ThenasktheSstowritedowntheirdialoguesontheirexercisebooks.

StepⅣWriting(2)
WRITINGTASKP68
T:WehavelearnedthestoryofSedna.Canyouretellthestory?Youmayfeelitdifficulttoretellsuchalongstory.Don’tworry.TurntoPage68.Lookatthetopicsentencesofeachparagraph,usingthemasaguide.Thenyouwillfinditeasiertotellthestory.Nowworkwithyourpartner,taketurnstotellthestory.
Showthetopicsentencesonthescreen.Askastudenttoretellthestorybeforetheclass.ThengettheSstowritedownthestoryindividually,usingthetopicsentencesasaguide.
Samplewriting:
SednawasalovelyandbeautifulInuitgirlandshedidn’twanttogetmarriedbecauseshelovedherfatherverymuchanddidn’twanttoleaveherfatheralone.Butherfathertoldherthatshemustmarryaman.SothenextdaySednaagreedtomarryastranger,whopromisedheragoodlife.Butwhenshefollowedthemantohisplace,shediscoveredthatherhusbandwasabird!Sednafeltsounhappythatshecriedeveryday,callingherfather’sname.Whenherfatherheardthecryingofhisdaughter,hedecidedtohelphertoescape.Whenthebirdmanfoundthathiswifewasnotthere,hewassoangrythathecaughtupwiththecanoe,whichSednaandherfatherwerepaddlingback,andcausedaseastorm.Sedna’sfatherwassofrightenedofthebirdmanthathethrewSednaintothesea.AsSednasanktothebottomoftheocean,shebecameaseagoddess.Fromthenon,TheInuitbelievethatSednahaspowerovertheanimalsinthesea,sotheyshowhergreatrespect,especiallyaftertheycatchseaanimals.
T:Verygood.NowreadthequestionsinthetableofEx4toassessyourownwriting,revisingandmakingcorrectionsifnecessary.
Aftertheyhavefinishedwriting,letthemassesstheirownwritingsandtheirpartners’accordingtothetableinEx4.ThisactivitywillhelptheSstofindtheirproblemsandimprovetheirwritingability.
附件
文化背景知识
Oceanicseahorse
Fragileandmystical,theoceanicseahorse(Hippocampuskuda)isprobablywhatyouseewhenyoucloseyoureyesandthinkofseahorses.Whilenotthemostexoticspeciesofseahorse,itisaclassicrepresentationofabeautifulandfascinatingfish.You’llseemanytypesofseahorsesatShedd.
Oceanicseahorsesmaybeyellow,deepred,brown,orblackandmaybeblotchedorbanded.Theycanreachabout7inchesinadulthood.Theoceanicseahorseisalsoknownasthecommonseahorse,butthesadtruthisthatallseahorsesarebecominglessandlesscommon.Andit’spreciselytheirethereal,otherworldlycharmthathasgottenthemintotrouble.
We’vebeenenchantedbythesecreaturesformillennia.FrompractitionersofancientChinesemedicinetotouristsinFlorida,we’vebelievedtheirmagicgaveuswondrousthings—arthritiscures,loveelixirs,evenkeychains.
Now,becauseofthat,theyfaceahighriskofextinctioninthewild.Seahorsescannotproduceenoughoffspringtoreplacethehugenumbersfishedformedicines,petsandsouvenirs.Thereareseveralreasonsforthis.First,theyaremonogamous,andifoneofthepairiscaptured,itcantakealongtimefortheremainingpartnertomateagain.Second,thestrikingringedarmorthatprotectsseahorsesfrommanypredatorsdoesnotdevelopuntilthey’readultssoperhapsonlytwoinathousandjuvenileseahorsesreachadulthood.

GreenSeaTurtle—Characteristics
Name
GreenSeaTurtlesgettheirnamefromthecoloroftheirbodyfat,whichisgreenfromthealgaeorgrassestheyeat.TheHawaiianGreenSeaTurtlepopulation,isknownbyitsHawaiiannameHonu
History
GreenSeaTurtlesarereptileswhoseancestorsevolvedonlandandreturnedtotheseatolive.ThefirstturtlesappearedduringtheTriassicperiod,245to208millionyearsago.FossilsfortheearliestknownseaturtlesappearintheLateJurassicperiod,208to144millionyearsago.Turtlesareoneofthefewspeciesthatwatchedthedinosaursevolveandbecomeextinct.

Asreptiles,seaturtlespossessthefollowingtraits:
*Theyarecold-blooded,meaningtheygettheir
bodyheatfromtheenvironment.
*Theybreatheair.
*Theirskinisscale
Status
Now,scientistsrecognizesevenspeciesofthesemarinereptiles.Therecognizedseaturtlespeciesareasfollows:Greens,Hawksbill,Kemp’sRidley,OliveRidley,Loggerhead,FlatbackandLeatherback.TheLoggerheadSeaTurtleislistedasthreatened,theFlatbackislistedasvulnerable,andallotherspeciesarelistedasendangered.GreenSeaTurtlepopulationsofHawaiiarethreatenedandprotectedinHawaiiunderstatelaw.PopulationsofGreenSeaTurtlesoffthecoastofFloridaandthePacificcoastofMexicoarelistedasendangered.GreenSeaTurtlesareprotectedbythefederalEndangeredSpeciesAct,andlistedundertheConventiononInternationalTradeofEndangeredSpecies(CITES).CITESmakesitillegaltoimportorexportturtleproducts.
Shell
Inadditiontotheirreptiliantraits,allspeciesofturtlesexcepttheLeatherbackhaveevolvedabonyoutershell,whichprotectsthemfrompredators.TheLeatherbackistheonlysoft-shelledseaturtleandisinafamilybyitself.Theshellcoversthedorsal(back)andventral(belly)surfacesofaseaturtle.Thedorsalportionoftheshellisthecarapaceandiscoveredwithscale-likestructurescalledscutes,whiletheventralportionoftheshellisknownastheplastron.Expertscanidentifyspeciesofseaturtlesbythenumberandpatternofscutesonthecarapace.Theshellisconsideredthemosthighlydevelopedprotectivearmorofanyvertebratespecies.Whilemostlandturtlescanretracttheirheadsintotheirshellsforaddedprotection,seaturtlescannotandtheirheadsremainoutatalltimes.
Color
GreenSeaTurtleshavegreenflesh.Thecarapaceisolivebrowntoblack,whiletheplastronispaleyellowtocreamywhite.Thecarapaceismolted,variegatedincolor.RarelywillyoufindaGreenSeaTurtlewithasolidcoloredshell.Counter-shadingoftheshellconcealstheturtlefrompredators,makingitdifficulttodistinguishthedarkcarapacefromtheseafloorandthelightplastronfromthelightersky.
Size
GreenSeaTurtlesashatchlingsweighaboutanounceandhaveacarapacelengthof2inches.Asexuallymaturegreenseaturtleweighs200-350poundswithacarapacelengthof2.5feet.Adultsgrowtoacarapacelengthof3.5feetandweighanaverageof400pounds.OneofthelargestturtlesthateverlivedfromtheLateCretaceausperiod,144to65millionyearsago,reachedalengthof9.8-13feet.
Lifespan
Thelifespanofseaturtlesisnotknown.ItisbelievedthatGreenSeaTurtlesreachsexualmaturityaroundtheageof25yearsandcanliveupto80yearsofage.Thelongperiodofmaturationhelpstoexplainwhyittakesturtlessomanyyearstorecoverfromapopulationdecline.
Shape
Seaturtlesarewonderfullyadaptedtolifeintheocean.Theirshellsarelighterandmorestreamlinedthanlandturtles.Frontandrearlimbshaveevolvedintoflippers.Theseflippersmakeseaturtlesefficientandgracefulswimmers,capableofswimminglongdistancesinashorttime.

相关知识

Underthesea教案

Underthesea教案
Period2　Pre－reading，ReadingandComprehending
设计方案一
Teachingaims　
1．Graspthebasicinformationaboutthekillerwhales，suchassize，habitat，food，howtheyhuntanimalsandtherelationshipwithhumanbeings.
2．Learntoretellthetwoanecdoteswiththehelpofsomekeywords.
3．Makesurethestudentsknowthatkillerwhalesarefriendsofhumanbeingsandweshouldkeepbalancewithnature.
Teachingprocedures　
?Step1　Warmingupandlead－in
Tellstudentsweareonasnorkelingtripundertheseaandwillcomeacrossagreatvarietyofmarineanimalsandplants：dolphins，turtles，manatee，eels，octopus，squids，butterflyfish，kelp，seastar，angelfish，clownfish/anemonefish，parrotfish，seaflower/anemone，sea－slug，clam，coral，jellyfish，seahorse，shark，etc.
?Step2　Presentation
Makesurestudentsknowsomebasicinformationaboutthewhales：

Backgroundinformation
writerClancy
careerawhaler
writingstyleanecdotes
timeatthebeginningofthe20thcentury
placeAustralia
maincharacterwhalers，killerwhales，thebaleenwhales
mainideathekillerwhaleshelpthewhalerstokillabaleenwhale

?Step3　Skimming
Askstudentstoskimthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestions：
Whatisthefirstanecdoteabout？Andhowaboutthesecondone?
Thefirstanecdotemainlytalksaboutthat______.
A．Clancybegantoworkatawhalingstation
B．thekillerwhaleshelpedthewhalerstocatchabaleenwhale
C．thekillerwhaleshuntedinateamandkilledabaleenwhale
D．OldTomshowedwhalersthewaytoabaleenwhale
Key：B
Thesecondanecdote：OldTomsavedawhalerJameswhowaswashedofftheboat.
?Step4　Scanning
Fillinthefollowingblankswiththepropernames：
1．______was16yearsofagewhenhewenttoworkatthewhalingstation.
2．______orderedClancytogototheboatastherewasawhaleoutthereinthebay.
3．______wasswimmingbytheboat，showingthewhalerstheway.
4．______toldClancythattheywouldreturnthenextdaytobringinthebodyofthewhale.
5．______wascarriedbythewavesfurtherawayfromthewhalers.
6．______knewthatOldTomwouldprotectJames.
Keys：1.Clancy　2.George　3.OldTom　4.Jack　5.James　6.Red
?Step5　Carefulreading
StoryPart1
AskstudentstoreadPart1ofthereadingpassageandfindoutbeforethehunt，whatdidOldTomdoandhowdidthewhalersreact?
Suggestedanswers：OldTomthrewitselfoutofthewater，thencrasheddownagainandswambytheboat，showingthewhalerstheway.
OnewhaleryelledoutandGeorgeranaheadofclancy.Clancyracedafterhim.Theyjumpedintotheboatwiththeotherwhalersandheadedoutintothebay.
Next，findoutduringthehuntandafterthehunt，whatdidthekillerwhalesdoandhowdidthewhalersreact?
Suggestedanswers：Apackofkillersarethrowingthemselvesontopofthewhalesblow－holetostopitbreathing；andsomeothersarestoppingitfleeingouttosea.Thekillersstartedracingbetweenthewhalersboatandthewhalejustlikeapackofexciteddogs.Withinamomentortwo，thewhalesbodywasdraggeddownintothedepthsofthesea.
Themaninthebowoftheboataimedtheharpoonatthewhaleandthenletitgotohitthespot.
AskstudentstoreadPart1ofthereadingpassageagainandputthefollowingsentencesintothecorrectorder：
a．Georgestartedbeatingthewaterwithhisoar.
b．ClancyracedafterGeorgetotheboat.
c．Clancyarrivedatthewhalingstation.
d．Thekillersstartedracingbetweenourboatandthewhale.
e．Clancyheardahugenoisecomingfromthebay.
f．Clancywassortingouthisaccommodation.
g．Clancyrandowntotheshore.
h．Themaninthebowoftheboataimedtheharpoonatthewhale.
Keys：cfegbadh
StoryPart2
WhichwasNOTthedangerfacingJames?
A．Beingwashedofftheboat.
B．Beingcarriedawaybyroughwaves.
C．Asharkoutthere.
D．Beingattackedbyanotherkillerwhale.
Key：D
?Step6　Comprehending
1．Thetextismainlyabout______.
A．thekillerwhalesareeasilytrained
B．thekillerwhalescanhelpthewhalerscatchthehugewhales
C．thekillerwhaleskillthewhalesfortheirfood
D．thekillerwhalesdragthewhalesunderthewater
2．OldTomthrowsitselfoutofthewaterandthencrashesdowninorderto______.
A．givethewhalersinformationaboutawhale　
B．tellthewhalersitishungry　
C．helpthewhalerscatchthewhale　
D．informthewhalerstorunaway
3．______killedthewhaleatlast.
A．OldTom
B．Thekillerwhales
C．Theauthor
D．Thewhalers
4．Whydidthewhalersstartedturningtheboataroundtogohomeafterthewhaledied?
A．Becausetheydidntneedadeadwhale.
B．Becausetheycouldntfindthewhalesbody.
C．Becausetheyknewthatthedeadwhalewouldntfloatuptothesurfaceforaround24hours.
D．Theyhadtodothisbecauseitwastoolate.
5．ThekillerwhaleprotectedJamesby______.
A．fightingtheshark
B．killingtheshark
C．preventingthesharkgoingcloser
D．dragginghimback
6．Wecaninferfromthestorythat______.
A．thekillerwhalesmaybetrainedbythewhalers
B．thekillerwhaleswanttohelpmancatchthewhalesthemselves
C．thekillerwhalesneednotrainingforhelpingthewhalers
D．thekillerwhaleswanttoeatthewhalesafterkillingthem
Keys：BADCCA
?Step7　Discussion
Readthepassageanddiscuss：
1．WhatistherelationshipbetweenOldTomandthewhalers?
2．Whatotheranimalscanhelpouthumansinhunting?
Suggestedanswers：
1．OldTomhadastrongrelationshipwiththewhalers.Therewasobviouslyagreatdealofunderstandingandcooperationbetweenthem.
2．Therearemanyotheranimalsthathelpouthumansinhuntingsuchasdogs，cormorants(鸬鸟)，otters(水獭)andferrets(雪貂)．
?Step8　Debate
ThelastwhalingstationinAustraliaclosedin1978.Whalesarenowanendangeredspeciesandprotectedbyaninternationalbanonwhaling，butsomecountriesopposetheban.Ingroupsdiscussthereasonsforandagainstbanningwhaling.
?Step9　Learningphrasesandsentences
Usefulphrases：
atthewhalingstation在捕鲸站
hearof听说
witnessitwithmyowneyes亲眼目睹
sortoutmyaccommodation整理我的床铺
anenormousanimal一个庞然大物
throwitselfoutofthewater猛力跃出水面
crashdown坠落
callouttosb.高声对某人说
yellout大声喊叫
aheadof在……前面
headoutintothebay朝海湾方向驶去
circleback转回来
apackof一群
inthebowoftheboat在船头
aimat瞄准
hitthespot击中要害
withinamomentortwo片刻之后
thedepthsofthesea深海中
floatuptothesurface浮出水面
inthemeantime同时
haveagoodfeedonsth.饱餐一顿
washoff冲走
manoverboard有人落水
theseawasrough波涛汹涌
beterrifiedofdoingsth.害怕做某事
beabandonedbysb.被某人遗弃
holdup举起
pullback拉回
Beautifulsentences：
1．It_was_a_time_when_thekillerwhales...helpedthewhalerscatchthebaleenwhales...
2．Thiswasthecallthatannouncedtherewas_about_tobeawhalehunt.
3．IhadalreadyheardthatGeorgedidntlike_being_kept_waiting,_soeventhoughIdidnthavetherightclotheson，Iracedafterhim.
4．Aswedrewcloser，Icouldseeawhale_being_attacked_byapackofaboutsixotherkillers.
5．FromJamessface，Icouldseehewasterrifiedof_being_abandonedbyus.
?Step10　Homework
1．Preparetoretellthewholetextinyourownwords.
2．Writeashortsummaryofthewholetextinabout30words.

Underthesea

Unit3Underthesea
核心单词
1.witness
vt.当场见到；目击
vi.作证
n.目击者；证人；证据
WeallcametowitnesshistoryandwatchthehistoricflightofteacherChristaMcAuliffe.
我们聚集在一起见证历史，观看教师克里斯塔麦考利夫历史性的飞行。
Hewitnessedtohavingseenthemanenterthebuilding.
他作证看到那个男人进入这栋建筑物。
Lifewithoutafriendisdeathwithoutawitness.
在世无朋友,死后无证人。
常用结构：
givewitnessonbehalfofsb.替某人作证
beawitnessto...是……的目击者
witnesstosth./doingsth.为某事作证
bear/givewitnesstosth.作证;证明某事
高手过招
单项填空
Manypeoplethecaraccident,soitwasnotdifficulttoinvestigate.（201001陕西宝鸡检测）
A.WitnessedB.HarnessedC.SwallowedD.Drugged
解析：选A。考查动词词义辨析。句意为：许多人目击了那场车祸，因此不难调查。witness目击；harness控制；利用；swallow吞掉；drug下药；使服药。
2.drag
vt.拖；拉；扯
n.令人厌烦的人/事；累赘
常用结构：
dragbehind落在后面
dragin扯进来
dragsb.down使某人沮丧
dragon拖延
Herskirtdraggedonthefloor.她的裙子拖在地上。
易混辨析
drag/draw/pull
drag表示费力，缓慢而艰难地“拉、拖”较重的物体。
draw表示从容地“拉、拖”。
pull表示突然、急速地“拉”，方式不限。
Wedraggedthefallentreefromtheroad.
我们把倒在路上的树拖到一边。
Drawyourchairuptothetable.
把你的椅子拉到桌子旁边来。
Fivemonkeyspulltheelephant.
五只猴子在拉大象。
高手过招
翻译句子（原创）
①那个国家卷入了战争之中。
②她把她的孩子强拉到牙科诊所。
答案：①Thecountrywasdraggedintothewar.
②Shedraggedherchildtothedentist’s.
3.urge
vt.催促；极力主张；驱策
常用结构：
urgesb.onsth.=urgeonsb.sth.
力劝某人某事；催促某人某事
urgesb.todosth.激励某人做某事；怂恿某人做某事
urgethat...主张……（用虚拟语气）
Hewavedhishandasifurgeuson.
他挥挥手似乎在鼓励我们前进。
Theyurgedmetoeatthestrangefood.
他们怂恿我吃那种奇怪的食物。
SheurgedthatI(should)apologizetohim.
她主张我应该向他道歉。
联想拓展
urgencyn.紧急，迫切，急迫
urgentadj.紧急的，急迫的;执拗的
Incaseofurgency,callthepolice.
一旦发生紧急情况，打电话给警察。
Theywereurgentintheirdemands.
他们坚持他们所提出的要求。
高手过招
单项填空
Thecaptainurgedhisteammakegreatereffort.（201001陕西师大附中检测）
A.WithB.onC.ofD.To
解析：选D。句意为：船长鼓励他的团队要加把劲。urgesb.todosth.激励某人做某事。
4.abandon
vt.遗弃；抛弃；放弃
常用结构：
abandononeselftosth.陷入某事
联想拓展
abandonmentn.[U]遗弃；离弃；抛弃；放弃
abandonern.放弃者；遗弃者；投保者
abandoneen.承保人；被遗弃者
abandonedadj.被遗弃的；无拘束的
易混辨析
abandon/desert/giveup
abandon强调永远或完全放弃人或事物等；可能是被迫的，也可能是自愿的。
desert着重指违背法律责任和义务或自己的信仰与誓言的行为，多含非难的意味。
giveup普通用语，侧重指没有希望，或因为外界压力而放弃。
Thematchwasabandonedbecauseofbadweather.
比赛因恶劣的天气而取消。
Neverdesertyourfriends.永不遗弃朋友。
Hepersuadedmetogiveupmyplan.
在他的劝说下，我放弃了那个计划。
高手过招
单项填空
Astimegoeson,fewerandfeweroldmenareinthecountryside.（201001山东青岛模块检测）
A.AbandonB.toabandon
C.AbandoningD.beingabandoned
解析：选D。此处老人和遗弃为被动关系，故选D。
5.aware
adj.意识到的；知道的
常用结构：
be／becomeawareofsth.意识到某事
beawarethat-clause知道……；意识到……
makesb.awarethat-clause提醒某人注意……
makesb.awareof...让某人注意到……
Hewasn’tawareofthedanger.他没有意识到危险。
IssheawarethatI’mcoming?她知道我要来吗?
联想拓展
unawareadj.不察觉的；不知道的
awarenessn.知道；意识
温馨提示
aware后跟名词性从句时，一般在从句前不能用of，但在what从句前必须用of。
高手过招
用适当的介词或aware的适当形式填空（原创）
①Whenyouwriteyourgoalsinaparticularway,youareabletomakeyourselfcontinuouslyawaresituationsthatwillbringyounearertoyourgoal.
②Theprincipaldidn’tseemtobeawarethereshouldhavebeensomuchdisputeaboutthedecision.
③HealthofficialsthroughouttheworldhavetriedtomakepeopleraiseaboutAIDS.
④Mikeseemsofthetroublehe’scausing,otherwisehewouldstopit.
答案：①of②that③awareness④unaware
6.hang
v.悬挂;吊;施以绞刑;垂下
Theboyhunghisheadinshame.那个男孩羞愧地低下了头。
联想拓展
hangback踌躇不前；退缩
hangdown下垂；低下头
hangonto紧紧握住；坚持下去
hangon抓紧；取决于；不挂断电话
hangabout=hangaround徘徊；荡来荡去
hangby/on/uponathread/hair千钧一发
hangitdoubt疑惑不决
hangup悬挂；吊；终止；挂断电话
高手过招
单项填空
IwassoangrythatIonhim.（原创）
A.hungdownB.hungup
C.hangedonD.hangback
解析：选B。句意为：我太生气了，以至于我挂掉了他的电话。hangdown下垂；低下头;hangon紧紧握住；坚持下去；（打电话不挂断）;hangback犹豫；畏缩;hangup悬挂；吊；终止；挂断电话。
重点短语
7.sortout
整理；挑出;处理(问题／困难)
I’vesortedoutthepapersthatcanbethrownaway.
我已经把那些可以扔掉的报纸整理出来了。
We’vegotafewproblemstosortout.
我们有几个问题要解决。
联想拓展
sortthrough翻查;归整
putaway把……存放好
Hewassortingthroughapileofpapersonhisdesk。
他在整理桌上的一堆文件。
Putawayyourbooks,please.
请将书本收起来。
高手过招
翻译句子（原创）
①他从相片中挑出自己的，并把它们放到相册中。
②放学了，把书本收好。
答案：①Hesortedhisownphotosoutfromothersandkepttheminanalbum.
②Afterschool,putawayyourbooks.
8.help(...)out
帮助（某人）摆脱困难或危难
Canyouhelpmeoutwiththemathsproblem?
你能帮我解出这道数学题吗?
联想拓展
helpsb.withsth.帮助某人某事
withthehelpof在……的帮助下；借助
helponeselfto请随便自己动手(夹菜吃、用……等)
can’thelpdoingsth.禁不住，忍不住
can’thelpbutdosth.只能；不得不
Pleasehelpyourselftosomefish.请随便吃点鱼。
Shecan’thelplaughing.她忍不住大笑起来。
Ican’thelpbutwait.我只能等。
高手过招
翻译句子（原创）
①在老师和同学们的帮助下，小明终于摆脱了爱玩电子游戏的习惯。
②地震中，许多家长不得不眼睁睁地看着他们的孩子埋在废墟中。
答案：①Withthehelpoftheteacherandhisclassmates,Xiaomingmanagedtohelphimselfoutofhisproblemwithcomputergames.
②Intheearthquake,manyparentscouldn’thelpbutleavetheirchildrenintheruins.
9.throwoneselfoutof
跃出
Themansuddenlythrewhimselfoutofthewaterandsaid:“I’mhere”.
那个人突然跃出水面说:“我在这儿”。
联想拓展
throwoneselfat冲向
throwoneselfinto投身于；积极从事
throwaway扔掉
throwup呕吐
throwsb.intoprison把某人投入监狱
throwat对准向……扔去(希望击中)
throwto向……(方向)扔去
高手过招
翻译句子（原创）
①休息了一会后，他重新投入了救援工作。
②你可以帮他把书递给他，但向别人投掷书本是不对的。
答案：①Afterashortrest,hethrewhimselfintorescuingagain.
②Youcanhelphimtogivethisbooktohimbutit’swrongtothrowbooksatothers.
10.upsidedown
上下翻转
Thenaughtychildisalwaysturningeverythingintheroomupsidedown.
这淘气的孩子总是把房间的东西搞得乱七八糟。
联想拓展
insideout里面朝外，翻面的
Heworethesweatshirtinsideout.
他把运动衫反过来穿。
高手过招
翻译句子（原创）
①你把那幅画挂颠倒了！
②春节期间，中国人喜欢将“福”字倒过来挂。
答案：①You’vehungthatpictureupsidedown!
②IntheSpringFestival,Chinesepeoplewouldliketohangthecharacter“fu”upsidedown.
11.bringin
带来;获利，赚；求援；求助；引进
Bringthosesuspectsin.把嫌疑犯们带进来。
Theseboysbringin￡60aweek.
这些男孩子每周赚六十英镑。
Howmuchdidthesidelinebringthefarmerfamilyinlastyear?
去年副业使这家农户增加了多少收入?
Thesalebroughtusinover$1000.
这笔买卖使我们赚了一千多美元。
TheybegantouseEnglish,buttheyalsobroughtinsomewordsfromtheirownlanguages.
他们开始使用英语，但他们同时也从自己的语言中吸收一些词汇。
联想拓展
bringaboutchanges引起变化
bringalong把……带来
bringback归还
bringdown使倒下;降低;减少
bringon使前进
bringout使显现;出版
bringup教育;抚养;呕吐
高手过招
单项填空
Summertimeoutneat,beltedcottondressesandahatpulledlowoverhersunglasses.（2010¤01¤浙江嘉兴一中检测）
A.TookB.broughtC.carriedD.turned
解析：选B。bringout意为°拿出，穿出±。句意为：夏天她穿着干净、扎腰带的棉布裙，低戴着帽子遮着太阳镜。根据句意，选B。
重点句型
12.Itwasatimewhenthekillerwhales,or“killers”astheywerethencalled,helpedthewhalerscatchthebaleenwhalesthatwereontheirannualmigration.
那个时期，虎鲸（当时被称为“杀手”）帮助捕鲸人在每年须鲸迁徙时捕捉须鲸。
Itwas/isatimewhen...曾经一度（那时）
Itwasatimewhenmotorcarswererare.
那时汽车是很罕见的。
Itwasatimewhenshecouldnotbearthepainandwantedtokillherself.
她曾经一度无法忍受病痛，想结束自己的生命。
高手过招
翻译句子（原创）
①曾经没人能理解我的计划和雄心。
②现在这一社区的人们相互帮助，和谐相处。
答案：①Itwasatimewhennoonecouldunderstandmyplanandambition.
②Itisatimewhenpeopleinthecommunitywouldliketohelpeachotherandliveharmoniously.

选修七英语Unit3UndertheSea

Unit3UndertheSea

一、语言要点

I单元要点预览（旨在让同学整体了解本单元要点）

词汇

部分

词语

辨析

1.shore/seaside/beach/coast/bank2.flee/escape3.deep/deeply

词形

变化

1.depthn.深,深度,

deeplyadv.深深地

deepadj.adv.深的;深入地,

2.conservev.保存,保藏

conservationv.保存,保持

3.vividadj.生动的,鲜明的,活泼的

vividlyadv.生动地,鲜明地

4.awesomeadj.引起敬畏的,可怕的

awen.敬畏awevt.敬畏

5.tastyadj.好吃的,可口的

tastev.品尝;

n味道,味觉

tastelessadj.没味道的,无鉴赏力的

重点

单词

1.annualadj.每年的；按年度计算的/n.年刊；年鉴

2.witnessn.目击者；证人；证据vt.当场见到；目击

3.accommodationn.住所

4.abandonvt.放弃；遗弃；抛弃

5.reflectvt.映射；反射vi.vt.思考

6.awareadj.意识到的；知道的

7.scarevt.恐吓vi.受惊吓

重点

词组

sortout整理；挑出

helpout帮助……（摆脱困难或危难）；协助；使……脱离困境

throwoneselfoutof跃出upsidedown上下翻转过来

重点句型

1.Itwasatimewhenthekillerwhales,or“killers”astheywerethencalled,helpedthewhalerscatchthebaleenwhalesthatwereontheirannualmigration.

2.IhadalreadyheardthatGeorgedidn’tlikebeingkeptwaiting,soeventhoughIdidn’thavetherightclotheson,racedafterhim.

3.I’msittinginthewarmnightairwithacolddrinkinmyhandandreflectingontheday-adayofpuremagic!

重点语法

被动语态（II）(见语法专题)

II词语辨析(旨在提供完形填空所需材料)

1).shore/seaside/beach/coast/bankn.海边，海岸

shore指海岸，湖岸，也指近海的一带。

seaside指近海边地区供游客休憩，娱乐的海边。

beach指海洋或大湖在涨潮时被淹没而退潮时又露出的斜坡，可供人们玩乐，消遣的沙滩，海滩。

coast以陆地为中心的海岸线

bank河流的堤，岸

选择shore/seaside/beach/coast或bank并用其适当的形式填空

1)Lastsummerwespentallourholidayatthe_______.

2)Ienjoylyingonthe_______withsunglassesinthesun.

3)It’sdangerousforchildrentoplayonthe_______oftheriver.

4)Weoftenseemanyshipsontheseaaboutseveralmilesoffthe______.

5)Thelandisbarrenontheeast______.

Keys:1)seaside2)beach3)bank4)shore5)coast

2).flee/escapev.逃避,逃跑,逃走

flee只说明动作，不强调结果。

escape逃离，结果是成功的。

选择flee或escape，并用其适当的形式填空

1)Theenemy______indisorder.

2)Citizenswereforcedto______thebesiegedcity.

3)Henarrowly_________death.

Keys:1)fled2)flee3)escaped

3)deep/deeplyadv.深深地；

deep表示深地，深处（常用于具体的方面）

deeply常表达抽象含义。

选择deep或deeply并用其适当的形式填空

1)Thepolicefoundoutthelostchild_______inthewoodsatlast.

2)Allofuswere_______shockedatthebadnews.

Keys:1)deep2)deeply

III词性变化（旨在提供语法填空所需材料）

1.depthn.深,深度,

deeplyadv.深深地

deepadj.adv.深的;深入地,

2.conservev.保存,保藏

conservationv.保存,保持

3.vividadj.生动的,鲜明的,活泼的

vividlyadv.生动地,鲜明地找教案http://

4.awesomeadj.引起敬畏的,可怕的

awen.敬畏

awevt.敬畏

5.tastyadj.好吃的,可口的

tastev.品尝;

n味道,味觉

tastelessadj.没味道的,无鉴赏力的

根据句子结构，用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空

1)Thelakeisover20metersin_____sowewereallmoved______bythemanwhodived_______intothelaketosavethelittleboy.(deep)

2)I____rememberthegirldressedin______colorhedrewintheexhibition.(vivid)

3)Anyonewholaunchesawaris______andis_______bypeoplewholovepeaceallaroundtheworld.(awe)

4)The_______ofenergywillhelpusresearchthewaytosaveand_______theenergy.(conserve)

5)Thoughthesoupis_______,I’velostmysenseof______andit____justlike______water.(taste)

keys:1)depth;deeply;deep2)vividly;vivid3)awesome;awed4)conservation;conserve5)tasty;taste;tastes;tasteless

IV重点词汇（旨在提供综合运用所需材料）

1.annualadj.每年的；按年度计算的/n.年刊；年鉴

[重点用法]

annuallyadv.年年地,每年地

[典例]

1)anannualincome.年收入

2)anannualreport年度报告

3)PremierWenJiabaonotedthatthetwomostimportantproblemswouldbeprevioustoanythingelseinthegovernmentannualreport.温家宝总理在政府年度报告中指出要优先解决这两大问题。

[练习]汉译英

1)为加深理解，我们愿意与国外友人交换学校年鉴。

2)工人们的年收入增加了250元。

Keys:1)Tohaveabetterunderstanding,wewouldliketoexchangetheschoolannualwiththeforeignfriends.2)Thewageofworkersmakesanannualincreaseof250yuanthisyear.2.witnessn.目击者；证人；证据vt.当场见到；目击

[典例]

1)Heisthewitnesstotheaccident.事故的目击者

2)Thisoldauditoriumhaswitnessedmanyceremonies.这个古老的礼堂内举行过许多次典礼

[重点用法]

givewitnessonbehalfofsb.为某人作证

[练习]汉译英

1)没有人能证明他在场。

___________________________________________________________________________________

2)这些事实证明了他的粗心。

___________________________________________________________________________________

3)她替被告作证。

___________________________________________________________________________________

Keys:1)Nonecouldwitnessthathewaspresent.2)Thesefactsareawitnesstohiscarelessness.3)Shegavewitnessonbehalfoftheaccusedperson.3.accommodation住所

[重点用法]

accommodatev.向...提供,容纳,调和;适应

accommodationaddress临时通讯处

accommodationallowance膳宿津贴

[典例]

1)ThehighcostofaccommodationmakeslifedifficultforstudentsinLondon．

由于住宿费用昂贵，伦敦的学生感到生活困难。

2)Theuniversityoffersexcellentaccommodationforsummervisitors．

这所大学为夏季来访者提供了很好的住宿。

[练习]汉译英

1)我们今晚能找到旅馆住宿吗?

___________________________________________________________________________________

2)这间旅馆可以容纳500多人住宿。

___________________________________________________________________________________

Keys:1)Canwefindaccommodationsatahotelfortonight?2)Thishotelcanaccommodatemorethan500guests.4.abandonvt.放弃；遗弃；抛弃n．放任,狂热

[重点用法]

abandononeselftosth./doingsth.沉溺于

abandon…tosb．把……舍弃给…

withabandon放任地；放纵地；纵情地

[典例]

1)Theyabandonedallhopeoffindinganeffectivewaytosolvetheproblem．

他们放弃了寻找有效方法解决问题的所有希望。

2)Weshouldkeepoffthosewhoabandonthemselvestodrugs．我们要远离那些吸毒成瘾的人。

3)Dontwastethefoodleft,andabandonittothedog．不要浪费剩下的食物，把它舍弃给狗吃。

[练习]根据括号里所给的汉语补全句子。

1)Afterthevictory，thesoldierssanganddanced_____________________(纵情地).

2)(这项方案的放弃)_________________resultedfromlackofenoughmoney.

3)DuringtheSecondWorldWar，millionsofpeoplethroughouttheworld________(离弃家园)

4)_______________________(不要悲观失望)thoughingreatdifficulty.

Keys:1)withabandon2)Theabandonoftheproject3)abandonedtheirhomes.4)Donotabandonyourselftodespair5.reflectvt.映射；反射vi.vt.思考

[重点用法]

reflectionn．反射；反映；思考；沉思

reflectiveadj．反射的；反映的；沉思的

reflectonv.思考，反省

[典例]

1)Herseverelookreflectedhowshereallyfelt．她那冷峻的神情反映出她心中的真正感受。

2)Mirrorsreflectlight．镜子能反射光线。

3)Ireflectedonpossiblereasonsformyfailure．我仔细考虑导致我失败的种种原因。

[练习]用reflect的相关介词或正确形式填空.

1)Themoonappearsa_______surfaceofthelake．

2)Afteraminutes_____，heanswered．

3)Theplan________whichhereflectedwasridiculous．

4)Theproblems________atdiscussionaretobedealtattomorrow’smeeting.

Keys:1)reflective2)reflection3)on4)reflected6.awareadj.意识到的；知道的

[重点用法]

unaware不察觉的,不知道的找教案http://

awarenessn.知道,晓得

be／becomeawareofsth．意识到某事

beawarethat-clause知道……；意识到……

makesb．awarethat-clause提醒某人注意……

makesb．awareof…让某人注意到……

[典例]

1)Hewasntawareofthedanger．他没有意识到危险。

2)IssheawarethatImcoming?她知道我要来吗?

注意：aware后跟名词性从句时，一般在从句前不能用of，但在what从句前必须用of。

[练习]用恰当的介词或aware恰当的词性填空。

1)Alsowhenyouwriteyourgoalsinaparticularwayyouareabletomakeyourselfcontinuouslyaware______situationsthatwillbringyounearertoyourgoal．

2)Theprincipaldidn’tseemtobeaware_______thereshouldhavebeensomuchdisputeaboutthedecision．

3)Healthofficialsthroughouttheworldhavetriedtomakepeopleraise______aboutAIDS.

4)Mikeseems______ofthetroublehe’scausing,otherwisehewouldstopit．

Keys:1)of2)that3)awareness4)unaware7.scarevt.恐吓vi.受惊吓

[重点用法]

scaringadj．令人害怕的；吓人的

scaredadj．受惊吓的；感到害怕的

bescaredof…(=beafraidof)遇到…(某种事物或行为)而害怕

bescaredtodo．··(=beafraidtodo)不敢做……

bescaredtodeath吓死了

[典例]

1)Youscaredmebycominginsoquietly．你这么悄悄地进来吓了我一跳。

2)Mostgirlsarescaredtolightthefirework.大多女孩不敢放烟花。

[练习]汉译英

1)听到枪声，那个贼吓得要死。

___________________________________________________________________________________

2)他容易受惊吓。

___________________________________________________________________________________

Keys:1)Thethiefwasscaredtodeathwhenhearingthegunshot.2)Hescareseasily．

V重点词组（旨在提供综合运用所需材料）

1.sortout整理；挑出;解决(问题／困难)

[短语归纳]

sortthrough查看并挑选出

putaway把……存放好

[典例]

1)Ivesortedoutthepapersthatcanbethrownaway．我已经把那些可以扔掉的报纸整理出来了。

2)Wevegotafewlimeproblemstosortout．我们有几个小问题要解决。

3)Hewassortingthroughapileofpapersonhisdesk他在整理桌上的一堆文件。

[练习]汉译英

1)他从相片中挑出自己的，并把它们放到相册中。

2)放学了，把书本收好。

Keys:1)Hesortedhisownphotosoutfromothersandkepttheminaalbum.2)Afterschool,putawayyourbooks.2.helpout帮助……（摆脱困难或危难）；协助；使……脱离困境

[短语归纳]

helpsbwithsth帮助某人做某事

withthehelpof在...的帮助下,借助

helponeselfto请随便自己动手(夹菜吃、用……等)

canthelpdoingsth禁不住

canthelpbutdosth只得；不得不

[典例]

1)Canyouhelpmeoutwiththemathsproblem?你能帮我解出这道数学题吗?

2)Pleasehelpyourselftosomefish．随便吃点鱼。

3)Shecanthelplaughing．她忍不住大笑起来。

4)Icanthelpbutwait．我只得等。

[练习]汉译英

1)在老师和同学们的帮助下，小明终于摆脱了爱打电子游戏的习惯。

___________________________________________________________________________________

2)地震中，许多家长不得不眼睁睁地看着他们的孩子埋在废墟中。

___________________________________________________________________________________

Keys:1)Withthehelpoftheteacherandhisclassmates,xiaomingmanagedtohelphimselfoutofhisproblemwithcomputergames.2)Intheearthquake,manyparentscouldn’thelpbutleavetheirchildrenintheruin

.

3.throwoneselfoutof跃出

[典例]

1)Themansuddenlythrewhimselfoutofthewaterandsaid“Imhere’。那个人突然跃出水面说“我在这儿”。

[短语归纳]

throwoneselfat冲向

throwoneselfinto投身手；积极从事

throwaway扔掉

throwup呕吐找教案http://

throwsbintoprison把某人投入监狱；

throwat对准向……扔去(希望击中)；

throwto向……(方向)扔去

[练习]汉译英

1）休息了一会后，他重新投入了救援工作。

___________________________________________________________________________________

2）你可以帮他把书传给他，但向别人投掷书本是不对的。

___________________________________________________________________________________

Keys:1)Afterashortrest,hethrewhimselfintorescuingagain.2)Youcanhelphimtothrowthisbooktohimbutit’swrongtothrowbooksatothers.4.upsidedown上下翻转过来

[短语归纳]

insideout里面翻转过来的

[典例]

1)Thenaughtychildisalwaysturningeverythingintheroomupsidedown．

这淘气的孩子老是把房问的东西搞得乱七八糟。

2)Heworethesweatshirtinsideout．他当时把运动衫反过来穿。

[练习]汉译英

1）你把那幅画挂颠倒了！

____________________________________________________________________________________

2）春节期间，中国人喜欢将“福”字倒过来挂

____________________________________________________________________________________

Keys:1)You’vehungthatpictureupsidedown!2)IntheSpringFestival,Chinesepeoplewouldliketohangthecharacterfuupsidedown.

VI重点句子（旨在提供句子结构等所需材料）

1.Itwasatimewhenthekillerwhales,or“killers”astheywerethencalled,helpedthewhalerscatchthe

baleenwhalesthatwereontheirannualmigration.

那个时期，虎鲸（当时被称为“杀手”）帮助捕鲸人在每年须鲸迁徙时捕捉须鲸。

[解释]Itwas/isatimewhen曾经一度（那时）

[典例]

1)Itwasatimewhenmotorcarswererare.那是汽车很罕见的时代。

2)Itwasatimewhenshecouldnotbearthepainandwantedtokillherself.

她曾经无法忍受病痛，想结束自己的生命。

[练习]汉译英

1)曾经没人能理解我的计划和雄心。

___________________________________________________________________________________

2)现在这一社区的人们相互帮助，和谐相处。

___________________________________________________________________________________

Keys:1)Itwasatimewhennoonecouldunderstandmyplanandambition.2)Itisatimewhenpeopleinthecommunitywouldliketohelpeachotherandliveharmoniously.2.IhadalreadyheardthatGeorgedidn’tlikebeingkeptwaiting,soeventhoughIdidn’thavetheright

clotheson,racedafterhim.

我早就听说过，乔治不喜欢等人，所以尽管我还没穿上捕鲸该穿的衣服，还是跟在他背后跑了起来。

[解释]eventhough=evenif即使，即便（引导让步状语从句）

[典例]

1)Wewon’tgiveupevenifweshouldtentimes.即便我们失败十次，我们也不会失败。

2)Eventhoughyoumaylosethechanceofmeetingyourfriend,youcannotmissthemeetingthis

afternoon.

即使你可能会失去会见朋友的机会，（但是你）也不能错过下午的会议。

[练习]汉译英

1）即便你无路可走，你也不能任由自己放弃自己的目标。

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2）尽管他已经说了很多遍“对不起”，他的女朋友还是不愿意原谅他。

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Keys:1)Youshouldnotresignyourselftogivingupyourgoal,eventhoughyoumaynowaytogo.

2)Eventhoughhehassaid“sorry”formanytimes,hisgirlfriendwouldnotforgivehim.3.I’msittinginthewarmnightairwithacolddrinkinmyhandandreflectingontheday-adayofpure

magic!

我坐在温暖的夜空下，手里拿着一瓶冷饮，回忆着当天的事情---这可是奇妙至及的一天。

[解释]with+宾语+宾语补足语在句中充当状语，表伴随，原因等

[典例]

1)Theteachercameinwithathickbookinherhand.老师走了进来，手里拿着一本厚厚的书。

2)Withalocalvillagerleadingtheway,wefoundhishouseeasily.

有当地村民带路，我们很容易就找到了他家。

3)Withalotofproblemstosolve,thenewly-electedpresidentfeltlikeacatonhotbricks.

由于有很多问题急待解决，新当选的总统急得像热锅上的蚂蚁。

[练习]汉译英

1）我睡觉时喜欢开着窗。找教案http://

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2）妈妈讲着故事，小孩很快就睡着了。

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Keys:1)Withhermothertellingstories,thechildcouldfallasleepsoon.2)Iliketosleepwiththewindowopen.二、课文要点

1课文词汇等填空（旨在复习本课文中的单词拼写和主要词语等）

根据课文内容完成下面语法填空，注意单词拼写和词语用法：

1themorningof19thJanuaryIwentsnorkeling.2(see)suchextraordinarybeauty,Ithoughteverycellinmybodywokeupand3waslikediscoveringawholenewdimensionoflife.Duringthetrip,Ifirstbecameawareofthevividcolors4(围绕)meandthefantasticcorals,inandaround5allkindsofelegantfish6(be)swimmingamongthem.7therearestillsomething8mademefeel9(害怕).Forexample,Ididn’twanttogetclosetotheeel,thegiantclamandthegreyreefsharks,fortheymademescaredtodeath10amoment.

答案：1.On2.seeing3.it4.surrounding5.which6.were

7.But8.that9.frightened10.for

2课文大意概括（旨在训练用30个单词概括大意的能力）

阅读课文，试着用30个单词概括课文大意，再比较答案这个故事是有关捕鲸人的忠实朋友OldTom的故事。它帮助捕鲸者捕猎鲸鱼和在危难的时刻保护他们。______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案：ThepassageisthestoriesofOldTom,thedevotedfriendofwhalers.Ithelpedthewhalerstocatchwhalesandhowitprotectedandsavedthemintimesofdanger.3课文佳句背诵与仿写（旨在培养对难句的理解和运用能力）

1.Itwasatimewhenthekillerwhales,or“killers”astheywerethencalled,helpedthewhalerscatchthebaleenwhalesthatwereontheirannualmigration.在那个时期，杀人鲸，正如当时他们被称呼的，帮助捕鲸者捕杀在每年迁移途中的须鲸。

（本文中同类句Ithought,atthetime,thatthiswasjustastorybutthenIwitnesseditwithmyowneyesmanytimes.当时我以为只是一个故事罢了，但是后来我亲眼见过多次。）

[模仿要点]句子结构:句子成分插入语，

在十九世纪早期，广州，正如西方世界所知道的，是世界最出名的港口之一。

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答案：Bytheearly19thCentury,Guangzhou，asitwasknownintheEnglish-speakingworld，wasoneoftheworldsleadingports.

使我们感到惊奇的是，他所做的和他所说的没有任何联系。

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答案：Whathedid,tooursurprise,hadnothingtodowithwhathesaid.

他有了一个新的发现，我认为那对科学来说是非常重要的。

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答案：Hemadeanotherwonderfuldiscovery,whichIthinkisofgreatimportancetoscience.

三、单元自测

1完形填空

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从21—30各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

词数：159

完成时间：13分钟

难度：***

GlobalcallCommunicationshasgrownfromatelecommunicationssolutionsproviderforlocalbusinessesinthegreaterSeattlemetropolitanareatoatrulyglobalcorporationprovidingtelecommunicationssolutionsforclientsbothlargeandsmall.Establishedto21asignificantmarketgapforsimplecommunicationsolutions,thecompanyfirst22tomostmajorNorthAmericancitiesbeforebecomingamajormultinationalplayer.

23,thecompanyisextendingoperationstoincludevoiceoverIP,aswellashigh-speedcableInternetaccess.GlobalcallCommunicationsteamincludesmorethan40,000specialistsworldwideinmorethan20countriesonthree24.Nextyearwewillseethedeployment(分配)ofathird25wirelesscommunicationsnetworkinAsiancountries.

Thefuturelooks26forGlobalcallCommunications.By2005thecompanywillbe27morethan15millionhouseholdsandbusinesses28.GlobalcallCommunicationswillhavebecomeafamousword.Welookforwardtoservingclientsandareplanningtodoeverythinginour29tomakesurethatyourcommunicationfutureisunlimitedand30.

21.A.fillB.fallC.fitD.follow

22.A.enlargedB.expandedC.grewD.increased

23.A.ShortlyB.SoonC.PresentlyD.Previously

24.A.citiesB.countriesC.landsD.continents

25.A.generationB.periodC.typeD.kind

26.A.happyB.brightC.shiningD.sparkling

27.A.servingB.helpingC.supportingD.supplying

28.A.earthlyB.locallyC.worldlyD.globally

29.A.powerB.controlC.energyD.force

30.A.complexB.simpleC.concreteD.common

答案：

21.A.填补一个巨大的市场空缺。

22．B．首先在北美几个大城市扩展。

23．C.目前公司正在扩充业务。

24．D．世界范围之内三大洲的专家。

25．A.第三代无信通信网络。

26．B．GlobalcallCommunications公司前途光明。

27．A.到2005年公司将为全球范围内超过l，500万的家庭和公司服务。

28．D．

29．A.尽我们的能力确保您的未来的通信通畅无阻。

30．B．并且简便。

2语法填空

阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为31-40的相应位置上。

词数：161

完成时间：8分钟

难度：***

Mr.Smithworksinanoffice.Hesverybusyandhas31timetohaveagoodrest.Everyevening,32hecomesbackfromwork,hesalwaystiredandwantstogotobedearly.33hiswifeoftenhasalotofinterestingthings34(tell)himaftersupper.Shedoesntstoptalking35shefallsasleep,butitsusuallyverylateandMr.Smithhastogetupontimeinthemorningwhensheis36(sleep).Onedaythemanfeltterrible37couldntgotowork.Hedecidedtogotoseeadoctor.Mrs.Smithwenttothehospitalwithhim.Beforeherhusbandcouldsay38wasthematterwithhim,thewoman39(tell)thedoctoreverything.ThedoctorlookedoverMr.Smithandthengavemedicineto40Mr.andMrs.Smith.HesaidtoMrs.Smith,"Theyaresleepingpills.Whenyoutakethepills,yourhusbandwillbeallright."

答案：找教案http://

31．no／little32．when33．But34．totell35．until36．asleep／sleeping37．and38．what

39．hadtold40．both

31．no／littlehasno/littletime=doesnthaveanytime／hasn’tanytime,no是形容词。

32．when，考查由when引导的时间状语从句。

33．But，此处表转折关系。

34．totell考查have　somethingtodo的结构。

35．until，until引导的时间状语从句，表“直到……才……”

36．asleep／sleeping．beasleep／sleeping表状态。

37．and，表并列关系。

38．what，whatwasthematterwithhim是固定搭配。

39．hadtold，考查动词的过去完成时态。

40．both，both…and…是固定结构，表“……和……都，两者……都……”

3阅读理解

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

词数：310

完成时间：7分钟

难度：***

In1983apresidentialcommitteewarnedthat,"Theeducationalfoundationsofoursocietyarepresentlythreateningourveryfutureasanation."Morethantwodecadeslater,thatreport,ANationatRisk,isstillsuitableforthecurrentsituation.

Americasschoolsarefailingus.Theyrenotpreparingenoughyoungpeopletosucceedinthe21stcentury.Standardizedtestscoresshowthatstudentachievementisquitelow.Butthosescoresdonttellthewholestoryofthisrisingcrisis.Considerthese:

*Nearly30percentofstudentsdontgraduatefromhighschool.

*40percentofcollegefreshmenneedremedialclasses(辅导班)becausetheyareunprepared.

*WhileU.S.grade-schoolersoutrank(等级高于)manyoftheirinternationalpeers,high-scholarsdontdosowell.

Sadly,moreandmoreyoungadultsarentreadyforcollegeorwork--orforlife.Theyrenotgettingtheskillstocompeteintodaysrapidlydeveloping"knowledgeeconomyevenasothercountriesgrowmorecompetitive.Bystandingstill,werefallingbehind.

So,agoodfirststepwouldbetoliftourexpectationsforwhateachchildiscapableoflearning.Asolidsecondstepwouldbetoadoptnationaleducationstandardsthatemphasizemainstudies--math,science,Englishandhistory--andmeasureresultswithnationaltesting.Inanagewhenlearningatechniquerequiresasmuchintelligenceasunderstandingatextbook,allstudentsneedthesamebaseofknowledge,whethertheywillgoofftocollegeornot.

Andathirdstepistogivevocational(职业的)training.Noteveryoneshouldbeonthecollegetrack--andastrongvocationalteachingsystemmightjustlowerthe30%highschooldropout(辍学)rate.

Nosinglesolution--higherstandards,charterschools(特许学校),meritpay(记功付酬)forteachers–canmagicallysolveoureducationalproblems.Whatweneedisasystematic,nationalplanthatcombinesthesmartestreformsandtakesbraverisks.

41.Accordingtotheauthorsopinion,wecanconcludethat___________.

A.thereport,ANationatRisk,onlyreflectedthepreviouseducationalsituationinAmerica

B.theAmericaneducationalsystemwasconsideredtosecurethenationsfutureduringthepasttwentyyears

C.the1983reportis,tosomedegree,toooldtodescribethepresenteducationalsituationwell

D.inviewofthepresenteducationalsituation,Americanbasiceducationdoesntfunctionwell

42.TheauthorsattitudetowardAmericasschoolsisthatof____________.

A.unconcernB.dissatisfactionC.toleranceD.sympathy

43.Throughthepassage,theauthorwantstotellusthat________.

A.theproblemsofthepresentAmericasschoolsareverydifferentfromthoseoftwodecadesago

B.ifthefinancialproblemsaresolved,theproblemsofAmerica’sschoolswilldisappear

C.varietiesofschoolsshouldbebuilttosolvetheproblemsofAmerica’sschools

D.properstrategiesandreformsareneededinthecourseofsolvingtheproblems

44.Nationaleducationstandardsemphasizetheimportanceof_____________.

A.mainbasicsubjectsinschools

B.learningatechnique

C.theabilitytounderstand

D.thesamebaseofknowledge

45.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

A.EmergingcrisisinAmerica’sschools.

B.SolvingAmericaneducationproblems.

C.EducationalfoundationofAmericansociety.

D.Theimportanceofadoptingnationaleducationalstandards.

答案：

美国社会的教育基础可能会对国家的未来构成威胁，这是1983年得出的结论，然而它仍然适用于二十多年后的现在的美国。本文介绍了美国教育令人担忧的现状，还提出了一些解决方法。

41.D。细节理解题。根据第二段的“America’sschoolsarefailingus.They’renotpreparingenoughyoungpeopletosucceedinthe21stcentury.”可知美国的教育并没有发挥很好的作用，因此选D。

42.B。观点态度题。根据第二段第一句“America’sschoolsarefailingus.”可知，作者对美国的学校并不满意，因此选B项。

43.D。细节理解题。根据文章最后一句话“Whatweneedisasystematic,nationalplanthatcombinesthesmartestreformsandtakesbraverisks.”可知在解决美国教育中的问题的过程中是需要一些适当的策略和改革的。选项D正确。

44.A。细节理解题。根据第五段中“nationaleducationalstandardsthatemphasizemainstudies—math,science,Englishandhistory”可知是强调了学校里主要学科的重要性，因此选A。

45.B。主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了美国学校教育存在的问题并提供了一些解决问题的办法。

4.基础写作

有外商来某工业区(IndustrialDevelopmentZone)参观访问，请你陪同他们参观，并用英语向他们介绍开发区的情况，介绍如下：

1．开发区占地20平方公里，有8家工厂和5个仓库。

2．位于珠江河畔，东临101国道，离市区只有20分钟汽车路程。．

3．水电供应齐全，管理服务优良。

4．工业区还将扩大，双方均会受益。

(写作要求]

1．开头已经为你写好，不计入句数。

2．用5个句子写这篇短文。

Ladiesandgentlemen，

YouarewelcometoourIndustrialDevelopmentZone．Nowletmegiveyouabriefintroductiontothezone．

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答案:找教案http://

Ladiesandgentlemen,

YouarewelcometoourIndustrialDevelopmentZone.Nowletmegiveyouabriefintroductiontothezone.

Ourzonecoversanareaof20squarekilometersandthereareeightfactoriesandfivestorehousesinit.

ItliesbythePearlRiverandHighway101runspastonitseast.Itisonlytwentyminutesdrivefromheretothedowntown.Powerandwaterherearewellsupplied.Themanagementandserviceareexcellent.

Ourzoneistobeenlargedandyouarewelcometostartfactoriesinthiszone.Imsurethatwilldogoodtobothofus.

高三英语Zoology

一位优秀的教师不打无准备之仗，会提前做好准备，高中教师要准备好教案，这是高中教师需要精心准备的。教案可以让学生更容易听懂所讲的内容，有效的提高课堂的教学效率。那么怎么才能写出优秀的高中教案呢？下面是小编精心为您整理的“高三英语Zoology”，欢迎阅读，希望您能阅读并收藏。

Unit14Zoology

整体感知

单元要点

Wordstudy

1.bee2.transparent3.dot

4.surrounding5.troop6.assumption7.beyond8.semicicle9.apparent10.sideways11.astonishing

12.maximum13.precise14.adequate15.clarify16.upward17.disgusting

18.psychology19.changeable20.adaptation21.stripe

22.zebra23.camel

24.primitive

25.missile26.walnut

27.session

1.蜜蜂2.透明的

3.小圆点4.周围附近的5.群，(pl)部队6.假设

7.远于，超出8.半圆形

9.明显的10.斜着

11.惊人的12.最大13.精确

14.足够的15.澄清16.向上的17.讨厌的18.心理学

19.易变20.适应21.条纹

22.斑马23.骆驼24.原始的

25.导弹26.胡桃

27.一段时间，学年

Useful

expressions

1.getholdof

2.tell…apart

3.overandoveragain

4.cometolight

5.asamatterof

1.抓住

2.分辨，区别

3.一再，反复

4.显露，为人所知

5.事实上，说真的

Sentence

Patterns

Communicative

English

Debating(辩论)

1.Openingstatement

lBackgroundinformation

lTopic

lOpinion:Wethinkthat…because…and…

2.Firstargument

lExplainandsupportthefirstreason

3.Sencondargument

lExplainandsupportthesecondreason

4.Questions

lAsktheotherteamquestions

5.Closingstatement

lSummarizeyourargument

lRestateyouropinion

Grammer

复习情态动词表推测的用法：(mustcancouldmaymight)

1.Whenyouareverysureofsomething,youusemustinpositivesentencesandcannotorcouldn’tinnegativesentences.

2.Whenyouarequitesureaboutsomething,youusecan.

3.Whenyouthinkthatsomethingispossible,butyouarenotverysure,youusecould,mayormight.

Topics

Writing

1.Talkaboutpreparefortests:

①.Planahead②.Keeptrack

③.Besmart④.Useyourbrainpower

2.Writingashortessayinwhichyoustateandsupportyouropinion.

背景知识

DoAnimalsCommunicate?
Whenwethinkofcommunication,wenormallythinkofusingwords-talkingface-to-face,writingmessagesandsoon.Butinfactwecommunicatefarmoreinotherways.Oureyesandfacialexpressionsusuallytellthetruthevenwhenourwordsdonot.Thentherearegestures,oftenunconscious:raisingtheeyebrows,rubbingthenose,shruggingtheshoulders,tappingthefingers,noddingandshakingthehead.Thereisalsotheevenmoresubtle"body-language"language“ofposture:areyousitting-orstanding-witharmsorlegscrossed?Isthatpersonstandingwithhandsinpockets,heldinfrontofthebodyorhiddenbehind?Eventhewaywedressandthecolureswewearcommunicatethingstoothers.So,doanimalscommunicate?Notinwords,althoughaparrotmightbetrainedtorepeatwordsandphraseswhichitdoesn’tunderstand.But,aswehavelearnt,thereismoretocommunicationthanwords.Takedogsforexample.Theybaretheirteethtowarn,wagtheirtailstowelcomeandstandfirm,withhairerect,tochallenge.Thesesignalsaresurelytheequivalentofthehumanbodylanguageoffacialexpression,gestureandposture.
Colourcanbeanimportantmeansofcommunicationforanimals.Manybirdsandfishchangecolour,forexample,toattractpartnersduringthematingseason.Andmatingitselfiscommonlyprecededbyaspecialdanceinwhichbothpartnersparticipate.

细说教材

Warmingup

Asmallanimalthathelpsthepolicegetholdofthieves.

一种能帮助警察捉贼的动物。

getholdof…=take/catchholdof…意思是“抓住…”；“获得…”

e.g.Hetookholdoftheropeandpulled.

他抓住绳子用力拉。

Igotholdofthesackandliftedit.

我抓住包，把它举了起来。

Ineedtogetholdofsomemoneyquickly.

hold还用作动词，意为“握住”“拥有”“容纳”“使…保持…”“持…观点”等

e.g.Shewasholdingabook.她手里拿着一本书。

Theyheldtheirheadsup.他们头抬得高高的。

Sheholdsthatthegovernment’spolicyismistaken.

她认为政府的政策错了。

其常见短语搭配有：

holdaconversation/meeting进行交谈/开会

holdtheline=holdon别挂电话

hold…back阻止…

holdone’sbreath屏住呼吸

hold…off使…与…保持距离

hold…over使…延期

Ananimalthatisn’ttellingthetruth.

一种会撒谎的动物。

tellthetruth“说实话”的意思，tell的相关类似短语有：

tella/thelie=telllies撒谎

tellastory讲故事

ListeningYouaregoingtohearaninterviewwithawomanwhoworksinazoo.

你将听到对一位在动物园工作的妇女的采访报道。interview在这里是名词“采访”的意思，还有“面试”之意。

e.g.Thefilmstaragreedtogiveaninterviewafterthewedding.

这位影星同意在婚礼后接受采访。

She’sgotaninterviewforanewjob.

她参加了新工作的面试。

interview还有动词用法，是“采访”的意思,

要区别与cover的用法。interview可以用interviewsb.或interviewsth.

但cover不能用coversb.只能说coversth.

e.g.Areporterinterviewedtheprimeminister.

一位记者采访了首相。

She’sbeinginterviewedforthejob.

她正在接受求职面试。

Theysentagreatmanyreporterstocovertheconference.

cover除了“采访”的意思外还有“用……遮盖；覆盖”“占有…（面积）;掩饰”

“涉及…（内容）”等含义。请学习下面例句中cover一词的各种用法

e.g.Sincewatercoversmostoftheearth,Corsteauknewweshouldkeeptheseasclean.
由于水覆盖了地球的大部分，库斯托知道我们应该保持海洋清洁。

Hetriedtocover(up)hismistake.

他想掩盖他的错误。

Hesaidhecouldcoverthedistanceonfootintwohours.

他说这段路程两个小时能走完

Howmanypageshaveyoucovered?你读了多少页了？

Whatarethemainpointsyou’regoingtocoverinyourtalk?

你的报告主要涉及哪些内容。

Wehaveonlyjustcoveredourexpenses.

我们所收入的仅够开支而已。

cover作名词，作“盖子”、“封面”解。

e.g.Whenthewaterboils,takethecover.

当水开的时候,把盖子揭开.

Thebookneedsanewcover.

这书需要装个新封面.What’stheproblemwiththeanimalsatthezoo?

动物园里的动物有什么问题？

What’stheproblemwith…

=What’sthetroublewith…

=What’sthematterwith…

=Whatsyourproblem?

=Whatswrongwithyou?

都用来询问“…（你）怎么回事？”

SpeakingThetwoteamstaketurnsspeaking.

两只队伍轮流发言。

taketurnsdoingsth.“轮流干…”，turn是名词。

为便于学习,现就turn的用法归纳如下:
I.turn(n.)顺序,轮流
1.Itsonesturntodosth.轮到某人做某事
Itsyourturntomakeadecision.

该你来做出决定了。

2.takeonesturntodosth.=dosth.inturn=dosth.byturns轮流做某事
Thenursesattendedthepatientinturn/byturns.

=Thenursestookturnstoattendthepatient.

护士们轮流照顾病人。
II.turn(vi.)转动,转向,翻转
turnright/left=turntotheright/left
turntosth./sb.(forhelp)
turntopage84
III.turn(link-v.)变得……
turngreen/yellow变绿/黄了
Tenyearslater，heturnedteacher.
A./B.aC.anD.the
注:此题考查turn作连系动词的特殊用法,即turn作连系动词时后接表语名词，省略冠词.所以此题的答案为A.如果turn后加into则须在名词前加冠词a.
IV.固定词组:
1.turnagainst背叛
Nobodywillturnagainsthiscountry.
2.turndown关小/拒绝
Heturneddownmysuggestionwithouthesitation.
Pleaseturndownthegas.
3.turnfromsidetoside把身体转来转去
Thenaughtyboyturnedfromsidetosidewhileansweringquestionsinclass.
4.turnin上交
Thechildpickedupapurseonthewayandturneditintothepoliceman.
5.turn...into...(使……)成为……
Thefarmersareturningwastelandintoricefields.
6.turnoff关(水源、煤气、电灯等)/避开(问题等)
Turnoffthelightwhenyouleavetheroom.
7.turnon打开(水、煤气、电灯、无线电等)/对……发怒
turnontheradio
turnthegunonsb.
8.turnout结果是/证明是/生产出
Theweatheryesterdayturnedout(tobe)fine.
Thefactoryturnedoutmoreproductsthantheyhadexpected.
9.turnover(使)打翻/翻身/翻动/翻耕(土地)/转危为安
Themanturnedoverandwenttosleepagainwhenthetelephonerang.
10.turnup开大/出现/找到/证明是(=turnouttobe)
Themeetingisbeginning，buthehasnotturnedup.Hemighthavebeenlost.

Whenalltheteamsareready,theteacherwillstartandtimethedebate.

当所有队伍都准备好以后,老师就开始为辩论计时.

time　是动词，＂计时＂的意思，还有“安排好时间,使合拍子;安排……的速度＂

e.g.Howlongcanyouholdyourbreathunderwater?TakeadeepbreathandI’lltimeyou.
你在水下能潜多久呢？深呼吸一下，我给你计时。

Hetimedhisjourneysothathecouldarriveatthehotelbeforedark.
他安排好了他的旅程，以便能在天黑以前到达旅馆。

Hetriedtotimehisstepstothemusic.

他尽力与音乐合节拍。

Reading　Amongthedifferenttypesofbee,itisthehoneybeethathasmostinterestedscientistsbecauseofthe“language”theyusetocommunicatewitheachother.在不同种类的蜂中，最使科学家感兴趣的是蜜蜂，因为蜜蜂能用“语言”，来相互交际。

…itisthehoneybeethathasmostinterestedscientists…是一个由it引导的强调句，被强调的部分是thehoneybee。如果不加以强调，则全句是：

…thehoneybeehasmostinterestedscientists…

Thedevelopmentofthe　modernbeehivein1851madeitpossibletodesignexperimentstoresearchthelanguageofhoneybees.1851年新式蜂箱的研制，使设计实验研究蜜蜂的语言成为可能。

本句是一个简单句：Thedevelopment…madeitpossibletodesignexperiments…其中的it是形式宾语，它所代替的真正宾语是后面的不定式短语todesignexperiments。it作形式宾语的句型是：

主语+及物动词+it+宾语补足语+不定式

e.g.IfounditimportanttolearnspokenEnglish.

我发现学习英语口语很重要。

Ithinkithardtomasteraforeignlanguage.

我认为掌握一门外语是很难的。

Shefeelsitherdutytosupportherfamily.

她感到养家糊口是她的责任。

Thestormmadeitimpossibleforthemtomarchtothecity.

暴风雨使他们不可能向城市进军。

ProfessorKarlvonFrisch,ascientistfromAustria,spentmanyyearsofhisliferesearchingtheamazingwayshoney-beescommunicateintheirdarkhives.

奥地利科学家卡尔·冯·弗里希教授，一生中花去了许多岁月，研究蜜蜂在黑暗的蜂箱里是以怎样巧妙的方式传递信息的。

amaze　vt.使惊愕；使大为惊讶：

e.g.Heamazedeveryonebypassinghisdrivingtest.

令人惊讶的是他竟通过了驾驶考试。

amazing“令人惊异的”；在西方人的口中，表示惊讶，经常可以听到amazing这个词。如果有些事情发生得出乎意料，难以置信，也可以用amazing来形容。

e.g.You’reamazing.你真了不起。

Itwasamazingthattheboywasabletosolvetheproblemsoquickly.
那男孩能这样快地解完这道题,真是令人惊奇。

有些漂亮或另类的东西，总能吸引许多眼球，就可以说是amazingthings.

e.g.Iamalwayslookingfornewandamazingitems.
　我总是在寻找让我眼前一亮的新东西。

amazed使（某人）感到惊奇，常用beamazedat/by感到惊奇。

e.g.Hewasamazedatallthecolours,andallthebeautifulfish.
　他对五颜绿色和各种美丽的鱼感到惊奇。
WeareamazedatthechangesinBeijing.Ican’tevenfindwheremyoldhouseis.
　北京的变化使我们感到惊奇。我几乎找不到旧房子了。

＂．．．honey-beescommunicateintheirdarkhives.＂是定语从句，其先行词

是＂ways＂，＂way＂后省略了引导词“that”,也可用“inwhich”，也可以省略引导词．

e.g.SomeEnglishwordsarenotspeltthewaysthattheysound.

=SomeEnglishwordsarenotspeltthewaysinwhichtheysound.

=SomeEnglishwordsarenotspeltthewaystheysound.

一些英语单词不是像他们发音那样去拼写．Hebuiltatransparentwall,throughwhichhecouldobservewhatwentoninside.

他安装了透明的箱体，透过它，可以直接观察箱内发生的事情．

“throughwhichhecouldobservewhatwentoninside”是定语从句，来修饰先行词，引导词是介词through加which构成．

在定语从句用法中介词+关系词是一个重点，介词后面的关系词不能省略，但是介词的后面不用that．

e.g.ThisisthehouseinwhichIlivedtwoyearsago.

某些在从句中充当时间，地点或原因状语的"介词+关系词"结构可以同关系副词when和where互换。

e.g.Doyourememberthedayonwhichyoujoinedourclub?
＝Doyourememberthedaywhenyoujoinedourclub?

注意：一些含有介词的动词短语中，其介词不能前置到引导词前．

　e.g.Thechildrenwhomthenurseslookafterareweryhealthy.Inordertotellthebeesapart,hepaintedsomebeeswithlittledotsofcolour.

为了把蜜蜂区分开，他在一些蜜蜂身上涂上色斑．

tellapart辨别；识别

＝distinguish…between…

=tell…from…;

=tellthedifferencebetween…and…

e.g.Somepeoplecanttellbluefromgreen.

在些人分辨不出蓝色与绿色。

Mostnewcarslooksosimilarthatitsimpossibletotellthemapart．

许多新汽车看上去象是一样的，不大可能把它们区别开来。

IconfusedJimwithMikebecauseIcanttellthemapart．

我把吉姆和麦克混淆了，因为我分不清他们。

Thetwobrothersaresomuchalikethattheirmothercanhardlytellthemapart．

这兄弟俩长得太相象了，连他们的母亲都难以辨别。Theytroopedbehindthefirstdancer,copyingitsmovement.

它们成群结队地跟在第一只跳舞的蜜蜂后面，模仿它的动作。

课文中troop作动词用，意思是"结队而行"、"成群涌向"

(comeorgotogetherinagroup)。用在句中时，句子的主语总是复数。
　e.g.Thechildrentroopedintothepark.

孩子们列队走进公园。
　Thegamewasoverandtheplayerstroopedhome.

比赛结束了，运动员整队回家。

Troop还有名词用法，作"一队"、"一群"解。
　e.g.atroopofvisitors(一群参观者)。
　它的复数形式(troops)作"军队"解。
　e.g.Wemusthaveourowntroops.

我们必须有自己的军队。

copy原作"抄写"、"复写"解。
　e.g.Heisbusycopyinghiscomposition.

他正忙着抄写他的作文。
　本句中的copy引伸作"模仿"、"仿效"解。
　e.g.Pleasecopymyactions.(＝PleaseactasIdo.)

请照我这样做。
　"Goodmorning,"shesaid,copyinghermothersvoice.

"早上好"，她模仿着妈妈的声音说。

Youshouldcopyhisstrongpoints,nothisweakpoints.

你应当学他的长处，而不是他的短处。VonFrischassumedthatthedanceconveyedmoreinformation.
冯·弗里希想弄清这种舞蹈能不能说明喂食处有多远.

assume的用法
assumevt.表示“假设，主观认为，假定；装出…样子；开始担任，承担…

e.g.Weassumedthatyouunderstoodthesituation.

我们认为，你了解形势。

Heassumedawell-informedmannerbutinfactheknowsverylittle.

他装出一副见多识广的样子，而实际上他知之甚少。
assumesomethingtobe猜想某事如何

assumeignorance/aninjuredair

假装不知道，装出冤屈的样子

assume和given,suppose,supposing等词一样都可以引导状语.作用相当于if.

e.g.Supposingyourfathersawyouknow,whatwouldyousay?
=ifyourfathersaw……

Assumingthattheweatherisfavourable,Farmerswillhaveabumperharvest.
假如风调雨顺，今年农民将获丰收。

assumed假装的，假的；假定的，设想的：

e.g.anassumedcheerfulness伪装的高兴，

anassumedresult假定的结果，

Hislookofastonishmentwasassumed.他那惊讶的样子是装出来的。
assuming自负的，傲慢的，过分自信的：

e.g.Heistooassuminginthisattitudeabouttheenergysupply.

他在对待能源问题的态度上实在显得过于自信。
assumption假定，异端；自负，傲慢；假装

e.g.Wearegoingontheassumptionthattheworkwillbefinishedtomorrow.
我们在根据明天可以完工这一假定办事。

Iwasundertheassumptionthatyouwerecomingtomorrow.
我原以为你明天来。

assumptive被视为理所当然的，自负的，傲慢的：

e.g.assumptivebeliefs被视为理所当然的种种信仰，

assumptivepeople自命不凡的人

Onewasclosetothehive.Theotherwasmuchfartheraway,beyondsometrees.
一个靠近蜂箱,另一个远离蜂箱,几棵大树之外.

beyond一词是高中英语的必备词汇，其用法和含义较为复杂，很容易产生理解上的障碍，造成翻译上的失误。本文拟对beyond的一些用法浅析如下：

一、beyond作介词用时，使用最广，常用于下列几种情况：

1.表示位置，意思是“在……的那一边；在……之外；在更远处”。例如：

e.g.Beyondtheriverstoodapowerstation．

过了这条河就是一个发电站。

2.表示时间，其意为“迟于；超过”。例如：

e.g.Someshopskeepopenbeyondmidnight?有些商店营业到半夜以后。

3.表范围、水平、限度、能力等，意思是“超出；多于；为……所不能及”在句中常作

①作表语

e.g.Yourworkisbeyondallpraise．

你的作品叫人赞扬不尽。

②作定语
e.g.Theseweremattersbeyondhisunderstandingasyet．

这些事情他那时候还不了解。

③作状语

e.g.Wesucceededbeyondourhopes．

我们获得如此之成功，是我们始料所不及的。

4.用在否定和疑问句中，意思是“除……之外”。

e.g.Iknownothingbeyondwhathetoldme．

除了他告诉我的以外，别的我都不知道。

Isthereanythingmoreyoucansaybeyondthat？

除了那点之外，你还能说些什么吗？

5.beyond有时还可表示年龄或数量，意思是“超过”。

e.g.Hedidntbelieveinpeoplelivingbeyond100．

他不相信人能活到100岁以上。

二、beyond也常作副词用，主要有下面两种用法：

1.指时空或正在进行中的活动，意思是“在远处；向远处；更远处”。

e.g.Ifwecrossthemountainswemayfindpeoplelivinginthevalleybeyond．

如果我们翻过这些大山，我们就可以发现在远处山谷中生活的人们。

Illgowithyoutothebridge，butnotastepbeyond．

我愿意同你一道走到桥头，但再远的地方一步也不愿意去。

2.表示外加，意思是“此外；以外”。例如：

e.g.Hetoldmenothingbeyond．

此外他没告诉我什么。Hemarkedallthebeesthatcametothenearbyfeedingplaceblue,andallthebeesthatwenttothefarawayplaceweremarkedred.

他给所有来到近的喂食处的蜜蜂标上蓝色，给飞到远的喂食处的蜜蜂标上红色。

faraway(远方的)是由far＋away构成的合成形容词。nearby(附近的)是由near＋by构成的合成形容词。它们在句中都作定语。

afarawayforest(远处的森林)，farawaytimes(遥远的时代)；

anearbyhotel(附近的一家旅店)，nearbyhills(附近的小山)。
注意：faraway在作定语时通常都连写，作表语或作状语时则分写(faraway)。如：
e.g.Thehouseisnotfaraway.那座房子并不远。
Helivesfarawayfromtheschool.他住得离学校很远。
nearby既可作定语，又可作状语；既可以连写(nearby)，也可以分写(nearby)，还可以加连字符(near-by)。

e.g.Isawhergoingtoanear-bypost-boxbeforelunch.
我看到她午饭前去附近的信箱投信。

Theylivenearby----lessthanakilometer.

他们住在附近，不到一公里。
Hegaveuphisseattotheoldmanstandingnearby.

他把座位让给站在附近的老人了。

Theydiscoveredthatthefartherawaythefeedingstationwas,theslowerthedancewas.他们发现，喂食处越远，舞蹈动作的速度就越慢。

"the+比较级……，the+比较级……"的意思是："越……，就越……"

这种结构用来表示两从此过程按比例同时递增。前一句为从句，后一句为主句。
这种结构常以省略形式出现，句式精炼简短，表意有力。例如：

e.g.Thesooner,thebetter.越快越好。　

Themore,thebetter.越多越好。

Themore,themerrier.人越多，越好玩。

Themorehegiveshischildren,themoretheywant.

给孩子越多，他们要的越多．

Thehigherwestand,thefartherwesee.

站的越高，看的越远

Themoreheexplains,themoreIampuzzled.

他越解释，我越迷惑．

Soanotherastonishingfactcametolight.于是又发现一个令人惊讶的情况。　

cometolight作"发现"、"暴露"(tobediscovered/exposed)解。
e.g.NewfactsabouttheancientEgypthaverecentlycometolight.
有关古埃及的史实，最近已有新发现。

Shewasverypleasedwhenthelong-lostringcametolight.

当很久前丢失的戒指被找到时，她高兴万分．

Thesecretdidn’tcometolightuntiltheoldmandied.

直到老人死后，秘密才被揭露．Integratingskills

Apesusesightmorethansmell.猿不仅用嗅觉,而且使用视觉.

morethan用法小结1.morethan后面跟名词，意为“不只是，不仅仅是”。

e.g.Hibernationismorethansleep.

冬眠不只是睡觉。

Katewasmorethanateacher.Shealsodidwhatshecouldtotakecareofherpupils.

凯特不仅仅是位教师，她还尽其所能照顾她的学生。

2.morethan与数词连用，意思是“多于，大于，超过”。

e.g.Ihaveknownhimformorethantwentyyears.

我认识他已超过二十年了。

Morethantenpolicementurnedupatthespotwheretheaccidenthappened.

十多位警察出现在出事地点。

3.morethan与形容词和分词连用，表示“非常、十分”。

e.g.Theyweremorethanhappytoseeuscomebackfromtheexpedition.

看到我们远征而归，他们异常高兴。

Iwasmorethansurprisedtoseethelionstandingatthebody.

看到那头狮子站在尸体旁边，我非常惊讶。

4.morethan与动词连用，对动词起着加强语气的作用。

e.g.Repeatedadvertisingwillmorethanincreaseproductsales.

多次做广告意味着增加产品的销售。

HisprogressinEnglishlearningmorethanencouragedhimtolearnthesubjectwell.在英语学习方面的进步激励他学好这门课程。

5.morethan和含有情态动词的句子连用，有否定意义，表示“是……难以……”或“超过了……所能”之义。

e.g.ThebeautyofthemountainouscountryismorethanIcandescribe.

我难以描述那个山村的美丽。

ThisproblemismorethanachildlikeJackcansettle.

这一问题超出了像杰克这样的小孩的解决能力。

6.nomorethan意思是“仅仅，不过，只是”。

e.g.Allhiseducationaddeduptonomorethanoneyear.

他接受的所有的学校教育只有一年。

Theirnewflathasnomorethan60squaremetres.

他们的新居只有60平方米。

7.notmorethan表示“至多，不超过”

e.g.Lyingonthegroundwasapeasantboyofnotmorethanseventeen.

躺在地上的那个农家男孩最多十七岁。Whiletheirsocietiesaredifferent,theyallcommunicateandbehaveinadvancedways.

虽然它们生活的社会环境不同,它们却都以高级方式交流.

while连词,意为"尽管;虽然";其用法大致有以下四种用法:
1.引导时间状语从句,意为"当……的时候;和……同时",此时的主从句谓语动作同时发生,从句谓语通常是延续性动词。

e.g.MarywatchedTVwhilesheatehersupper.

玛丽边吃饭边看电视。
Whileshewaslisteningtotheradio,shefellasleep.

她听着收音机睡着了。

while引导从句时,如主从句的主语一致,且从句谓语又含有be,则从句主语和be可省略。while后可直接跟现在分词、名词、形容词或介词短语。

e.g.Weareteacherswhile(weare)servingasstudents.

我们边当老师边当学生。
While(hewas)yetayouth,hegainedmanyprizes.

他年轻时就曾多次获奖。
Hecaughtacoldwhile(hewas)onvacation.

他度假时患了感冒。

2.表示对比或转折,意为"而;然而"。此时,while一般位于句中。

e.g.Somepeoplewastefoodwhileothershaventenough.

有些人浪费粮食,然而有些人却吃不饱。
Youlikesports,whileIprefermusic.

你喜欢体育,而我更喜欢音乐。

3.表示让步,通常位于句首,意为"尽管;虽然"。

e.g.WhileIagreewithyourreasons,Icantallowit.

尽管我同意你的理由,但我不能允许这样做。
Whileheloveshisstudents,heisverystrictwiththem.

虽然他爱他的学生,可是他对学生们很严格。
While(hewas)respected,heisnotliked.

他虽受人尊敬,但并不被人喜欢。

4.表示条件,意为"只要",其意思和用法相当于aslongas。while可位于句首,也可位于句中。

e.g.Youdonthavetoworrywhilewearehere.

只要我们在,你就别着急。

Therewillbelifewhilethereiswaterandair.

只要有空气和水,就有生命。
Whilethereislife,thereishope.

留得生命在,不怕没希望。

5.意为"同时;也"。如:
e.g.Whilethebookiswelcomedbyscholars,itwillmakeanimmediate

appealtothegeneralreaders.

这本书受到学者的欢迎,同时也会引起一般读者的兴趣。

6.意为"趁着"。

e.g.Makehaywhilethesunshines.

晒草要趁阳光好。(谚)
Strikewhiletheironishot.

趁热打铁。(谚)
Whiletherosesareyetinbloom,willyoucomewithmetoseethem?

趁着玫瑰花还开着,你和我一道去看看好吗?Sometimestheywarneachotherofdanger,andtheyalsocommunicatesimplytokeepintouch.

于是它们互相提醒危险,它们交流仅仅是为了保持联系.

warnsb.ofsth．“警告某人某事”，不能说warnsbssth．。

e.g.Wewarnedhimofthedangerousbridge，buthedidntbelieve．

我们警告他那座桥危险，但是他不相信。

类似这样的结构用法的动词还有:

一.表示“通知(inform)；警告(warn)；指责(accuse)；使想起(remind)”等意思的一些动词。
在这一结构中，of的意思相当于about。

e.g.OnthewayhomemyfathertoldmeofanaccidentthattookplaceonhisfirstdayatschoolinMr.Crossettsclass．

在回家的路上,父亲给我讲了他第一天上学时在克罗塞特先生课上的一件事。

Weshallinformyouofthedateofthedelegationsarrival．

我们将把代表团到达的日期通知你。
TheteacheraccusedJimofcheatingintheexamination．

老师责备吉姆考试作弊。
Herfaceremindedmeofhermother．

她的模样使我想起了她的母亲。
HowcanIpersuadehimofherinnocence？

我怎样使他相信她是清白无辜的？

二、表示“抢夺(rob)；剥夺；解除(cure,heal)；免除(rid)”等意思的动词。

e.g.Paralysisrobbedhimofhisabilitytodophysicallabor．

瘫痪使他丧失了劳动力。
Thedoctorusedspecialmedicinestocurehimofthemeasles．

医生使用特效药治愈了他的麻疹。
Themedicinehealedmeofmybadcold．

这药治愈了我的重感冒。
Itisnoteasytoridoneselfofabadhabit．

改掉一个人的坏习惯是不容易的。

Heclearedthepavementofwitheredleaves．

他清除了人行道上的落叶。

Theystrippedthewriterofhisrighttopublishhisbooks．

他们剥夺了这位作家出版作品的权利。
Sherusheduptorelievemeofmysuitcase．

她跑过来接过我手中的衣箱。
Ourarmydisarmedtheenemyofhisweapon．

我军缴械了敌人的武器。

类似的动词还有：abridge（剥夺），purge（洗清），disabuse（去掉），despoil（抢劫），divert（脱去），deprive（剥夺）等。
三、表示“骗取(fool)”、“诈骗(cheat)”等意思的一些动词。
在这一结构里，通常在of前加上out，outof表示“丧失”，但out可以省略不用。
e.g.Howcanyoufoolthelittlegirl（out）ofhermoney？

你怎么能诈骗那个小女孩的钱财呢？
Thebeggarcheatedthelittleboy（out）ofhiscandy．

那乞丐骗取了那个小男孩的糖。

simply的意思和用法

（1）simply是副词，在对话中意为“really(真正)”、“very(much)（非常）”。

e.g.Thefilmissimplywonderful.这影片真是太美妙了。

Shelookssimplylovely.她看起来的确可爱。

Hispronunciationissimplyterrible.他的发音简直差透了。

Theyhadsimplynoshame.他们简直不知羞耻。

（2）simply亦可解释为“朴素地”、“朴实地”、“无装饰地”。

e.g.Heissimplydressed.他衣着朴素。

（3）simply还可作“仅仅，只不过”解，相当于only。

e.g.Itissimplyaquestionoftime.这只不过是个时间问题。

Youmustbelievemesimplyonmyword.你必须完全照我的话相信我。

Itissimplyamatterofworkinghard.此事只是努力去做的问题。

（4）还可解释为“简单地”、“简明地”。

e.g.Thecakeismadequitesimply.这糕做起来很简单。

Theteacherexplainedthetextquitesimply.老师简单地解释了一下课文。

Whatmaybeofgreaterimportanceistoobservehowprimatesliveintheworld.

比较重要的事情是观察灵长目动物是怎样生活的．

这个句子涉及到“of+抽象名词”相当于该名词相应的形容词。不过，这种结构常用于较正式的场合，书面语中尤为常见。再看下面几个句子：

e.g.Thisbookwillbeofgreatvaluetohiminhisstudents.(=Beveryvaluable)

Thebookisofmuchinterest.(=Beveryinteresting)

常用于这一结构的修饰语还有：great，little,some,any,no,not,much等

常见的抽象名词有importance,value,use,help,benefit(利益、好处)，significance(意义、重要性)。最后需要提及的是，“beof+名词”结构的否定形式一般采用否定名词的做法：

“beofno+名词”。

e.g.Heisofnocolour,forhehasbeenillfortwoweeks.

他毫无血色，因为他患疾两周了。

AsfarasthestudyofEnglishwasconcerned,whathesaidwasofnopoint.

就学习英语而言，他所讲的并未切中要害。

“beof+名词”还可以表达以下几种意义：

1、表示“具有，具备”

　e.g.Herstoryisofsomecoloursofthetruth.

她的故事有点真实感

　Thepartys12thcongressisofepochmakingsignificance.

党的十二大具有划时代的意义。

2、表示“属于”

　e.g.Theproductsareoffirst-ratequality.

这些产品的质量是属于第一流的。

3、表示“包含”、“包括”、“类别”等

e.g.TheAmericansareofalmostallcoluresandraces.

美国人几乎包括各种各样的肤色及种族。

Hiswholelifewasofbestglory.她的一生是非常光荣的。

4.这种结构还可表示“年龄”.“出身”“等级”等

Weareofthesameage.我们年龄相同。

Hewasofnoblebirthandhighrank.他出身于高贵门庭。Grammar

情态动词表推测

一、对目前的行动或状况的推测（情态动词+do）

（1）、在肯定句中，表示很有把握的推测时用must，而不太有把握时则用may,might或could,三者依次could的语气最弱。

　e.g.Youmustbeverytired.你一定很累。

　（=Iamsurethatyouareverytired.）(很有把握)

　Youmay/might/couldbeverytired.你可能很累吧！

　(=Perhaps/Maybeyouareverytired.)（不太有把握）

（2）、在否定句中，cant则表示“不可能”，语气最强，而相应地maynot,mightnot语气弱些，表示“可能不”。

e.g.Hecantbeathome.他不可能在家。（很有把握）

Hemaynot/mightnotbeathome.他可能不在家。（不太有把握）

（3）、疑问句中，通常用can表推测。

e.g.　—Someoneisknockingatthedoor.

　—Whocanitbe?可能是谁呢？

Wherecanhebenow?他现在有可能在哪呢？

　二、对过去的动作或状况的推断常用“情态动词+havedone”。语气强弱与以上三点相同，可依次类推。但表示“过去不可能”时，除了可用canthavedone之外还可用couldnthavedone。

e.g.HemusthavegonetoWuhan.（肯定已经去了）

Hemay/might/couldhavegonetoWuhan.（可能已去了）

Hecannot/couldnothavegonetoWuhan.（不可能已去了）

CanhehavegonetoWuhan?（可能去了吗？）

can(could)/may(might)/must/will等+have+done用来对过去发生的情况做出语气强

弱不同的推测。具体使用时请注意以下几点：
　①can一般用于疑问句和否定句,极少用于肯定句。
　e.g.---Canshehavegonetoschool?
---No,shecanthavegonetoschool.Isawherjustnow.
　②may表推测，一般不用于疑问句；疑问句中该用can,could或might。
　e.g.Howcouldhehaveforgottensuchanimportantthing?（不用may）
　Mightyouhavemethimsomewhere?（不用may）
　③could,may,might用于肯定句语气较弱，must用于肯定句语气很强;may,

might用于否定句语气较弱，can,could用于否定句语气很强。
e.g.Hecould/may/mighthavegonetoschool.他可能上学去了。
　Hemusthavegonetoschool.他肯定是上学去了。
　Hemay/mightnothavegonetoschool.他也许没去上学。
Hecant/couldnthavegonetoschool.他肯定没去上学。
　④must表推测，一般不用于否定句；否定句中该用can或could。
误：Wemustnthavemetbefore.
正：Wecanthavemetbefore.
neednt+have+done可用来表示“已做了多余的事”。
　e.g.Thereisnoschooltoday.Youneednthavecome.
　could+have+done可用来表示没做某事的“遗憾”。
e.g.Shecamehereonfoot,butshecouldhavecomebybus.
　could/might+have+done也可用来表示委婉的批评。
e.g.Youcouldhavecome5minutesearlier.
　Youmightatleasthavewrittenmealetter.
　在反意问句中，表推测的情态动词不出现在简短问句部分,取而代之的应是情态动

词。句中有过去时间状语的，问句部分用过去时，否则，用现在完成时。
e.g.Hemusthavebeenthereyesterday,wasnthe?
　Hemusthavebeenthere,hasnthe?
Hecanthavebeenthereyesterday,washe?
Hecanthavebeenthere,hashe?

　三、由上我们可以得出一个结论：表推测时，must只用在肯定句中，而can只用于否定句和疑问句中。而实际上can可用于肯定句中，但这常用于表可能性，意义有所不同，译为“有时候可能”。

　e.g.Oldnewspapercanbeuseful.

旧报纸有时候还是有用的。

　Itcangetquitecoldhereatnight.

晚上这里有时候会相当冷。习题对话

Languagepratice

1.Choosetheproperwordorphrasetotaketheplaceoftheunderlinedword(s)inthesentences.

①.glass=transparent②.think=assume③.makeclear=clarity

④.environment=surroundings⑤.obvious=apparent⑥.towardsone=sideways

⑦.distinguish=tell…apart…smallcircles=smalldots

⑧.got=obtainedenough=adequate

2.Usethewordsinthebracketstoanswerthequestion(refertotheReading)

3.Fillintheblankswiththepropermodalverbs.

Dialogue1:shall;must;needn’t;can;may;may/can;would;can’t;must

Dialogue2:could;can;may;must;may;would;can;may/might;would

考题档案

1.(NMET2004全国)Idontmindpickingupyourthingsfromthestore._______,thewalkwilldomegood.
A.SoonerorlaterB.BesidesC.IntimeD.Still

2.(NMET2004上海春)Iamsorryit’smypowertomakeafinaldecisionontheproject.A.overB.aboveC.offD.beyond

3.(NMET2004上海春)Ihavereadthematerialseveraltimesbutitdoesn’tmakeanytome.

A.meaningB.importanceC.senseD.significance

4.(NMET2004湖南)----Excuseme,butIwanttouseyourcomputertotypeareport.

----You______havemycomputerifyoudonttakecareofit.

A.shantB.mightnotC.needntD.shouldnt

5.(NMET2004天津)—WhatwereyoudoingwhenTonyphonedyou?

—Ihadjustfinishedmyworkandtotakeashower.

A.hadstartedB.startedC.havestartedD.wasstarting

6.(NMET2004江苏)Iacceptthatheisnotperfect,Idoactuallyliketheperson.

A.WhileB.SinceC.BeforeD.Unless

7.Amoderncityhasbeensetupinwasawastelandtenyearsago.

A.whatB.whichC.thatD.where

8.Thehousetentisexpensive.IvegotabouthalfthespaceIhadathomeandImpaying__here.

　A.asthreetimesmuchB.asmuchthreetimeC.muchasthreetimesD.threetimesasmuch

9.(NMET1995)ShethoughtIwastalkingaboutherdaughter,______infact,Iwastalkingaboutmydaughter.
　A.whomB.whereC.whichD.while

10.[NMET1998上海]Weadvertisedforpupilslastautumn,andgot________60.
A.morethanB.moreof　C.asmuchasD.somanyas

11.--Wouldyoulikeme________theradioabit?

--No,itsallright.Imusedto________withtheradio_________.

A．toturnup;work;onB．toturndown;working;off

C．turningup;working;offD．toturndown;working;on

12.--Whatsthematter?Youreallylookupset.

--___________.

--Well,betterlucknexttime.

A．Why,IalwayslookuptoyouB．Ifailedanimportanttest

C．IhaveabadcoldD．Me?Ineverlookdownuponanybody

13.Iremember_________thisusedtobeaverysmallvillage.

A．whenB．howC．whereD．what

14.Thecomputersmadebyourcompanysellbest,butseveralyearsagonoonecouldhave

imaginedtheroleinthemarketsthatthey________.

A．wereplayingB．weretoplayC．haveplayedD．played

15.--WhendidMissWangleavetheoffice?

--Sheleft________youturnedbacktowriteontheblackboard.

A．theminuteB．atimeC．untilD．unless

1.B　besides副词，＂况且＂

2.D3.Cmakesense是固定短语，是＂有意义＂的意思

3.4.A5.D

6.Awhile是＂虽然…但是…＂的意思　7.A

8.D　是对倍数表达法的考查倍数词一律放在＂as＂之前9.D

10.Amorethan是＂多余，超过＂的意思

11.D12.B13.A14.B15.A

一课一测

（检测自己的能力）

A级（基础训练）

第一部分单项填空1.Whichofthefollowingisright?

A.What’swrongwiththemachine?B.Whatisthetroublewiththemachine?

C.Whatisthematterwiththemachine?D.Alloftheabove.

2.Theboat______，throwingtheboyintothewater.

A.turnedoverB.turneddownC.turnedupD.turnedout

3.--Thedishisdelicious!
--Well,atleastits________theoneIcookedyesterday.
A.asbadasB.noworsethanC.aswellasD.notbetterthan

4.Words_____meaning,asweallknow.
A.convinceB.conveyC.contributeD.conquer

5.Youwillfindamapofgreat____inhelpingyoutogetroundLondon.?

A.priceB.costC.valueD.usefulness

6.ItoldSallyhowtogetthere,butperhapsI_______forher.
　A.hadtowriteitoutB.musthavewrittenitout
　C.shouldhavewrittenitoutD.oughttowriteitout

7.--Iamgoingtotheoffice.
　--______yourethere,canyougetmesomestamps?(NMET99)
　A.AsB.WhileC.BecauseD.If

8.Theengineoftheshipsuddenlyfailedandthencameabigstorm,whichthehelplessnessofthecrewatsea.

A．resultedfromB．addedtoC．turnedoutD．broughtabout

9._____bythebulletswhistlingby,thetimidfellowhidhisheadinthebush,_____.

A.Frightened;lefthisbodyexposingB.Frightening;andlefthisbodyexposed

C.Frightening;leavinghisbodyexposedD.Frightened;leavinghisbodyexposed

10.Ihavealwaysbeenhonestandstraightforward,anditdoesn’tmatter____thatI’mtalkingto.

A.whoitisB.whoisitC.itiswhoD.itiswhom

B级（应用创新）

第一部分单项填空1._____thereisnolossofspeedovertheblades,wecancalculatetheoutletvelocityofthesteam.
A.AssumingthatB.SothatC.SuchthatD.Inorderthat

2.Iknowthisisnotquitetherightword,butIcan’tbebotheredtothinkof.

A．abetterB．abestC．thebetterD．thegood

3．Hespentseveralhoursinthewindandsnow,.

A．coldlyandhungrilyB．coldandhungry

C．beingcoldandhungryD．incoldandhunger

4．—Henrydoesn’tseemtobewhathewas.

—No.somuchinthewarhasmadehimmorethoughtful.

A．SeenB．HisseeingC．HavingseenD．Tohaveseen

5．Ifyoulendme500pounds,itwillmehavingtogotothebank.

A．saveB．shareC．serveD．help

6．It’sgoodthatwetotheparkbecauseithasshartedtorain.

A．don’tgoB．hadn’tgoneC．didn’tgoD．wasn’tgoing

7．I’veneverbeensopoorabletoaffordameal.

A．astobenotB．notastobeC．asnottobeD．astonotbe

8．IlikeduringtheSpringFestivalwheneveryonestayswithhisfamily.

A．thisB．thatC．oneD．it

9．Therearetenwaitingroomsatthenewly-builtstation,inall20,000people.

A．seatingB．seatedC．sittingD．toseat

10．Itistheprotectionfortreesreallymatters,howmanytreesareplanted.

A．what,besidesB．that,except

C．that,ratherthanD．what,otherthan

11．ItishightlydesirablethateveryefforttoreducethepollutioninBeijing.

A．ismadeB．wasmadeC．weremadeD．bemade

12．—Marylookshotanddry.

—Soyouifyouhadahighfever.

A．doB．areC．willD．would

13．Therewerealotofpeopleinthereadingroom,mostofwiththeirheadsbentdownovertheirbooks.

A．themB．whomC．thatD．which

14．Hisincometodayisdoubleitwasfiveyearsago.

A．thatB．whichC．whatD．as

15．Governmentreports,legalpapersandmostbusinesslettersarethemainsituations

Englishisused.

A．whenB．thatC．howD．where

第二部分完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分,满分30分）

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从36---55各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。Asoccerreferee(裁判)punishedforscoringagoalwhiletakingchargeofagamehasquitthejobafterbeingfoundguiltyofbringingthegameintoshamebytheEssexCountyFootballAssociation.TheEssexCountyFootballAssociationsaidthattheyweredisappointedbythe__1__ofSavill,whohittheheadlineslastyearwhenhissympathyforateamgettingbeaten1-18went__2__.“Itisaprettyrare__3__andhopefullyitwonthappenagain.”EssexCountyFAchiefexecutivePhilSammonssaid.

BrianSavillwastaking__4__ofaGreatBromleyCupgameintheSouthofEnglandbetweenEarlsColneandWimple.With10minutes__5__andWimplefallingbehind1-18,Savillfoundtheballathis__6__infrontoftheEarlsColnegoalandquickly_7__itintothenet,__8__signalingagoal.

Thelawsofthegamestatethattherefereeispartoftheplayingareaandthatthegame__9__iftheballstrikeshim.Thereisnolawstodifferentiatebetweena(an)__10__orintentionalcontact.Savills__11__goalmade__12__differencetotheresultasEarlsColnewentontowin20-2,buttheofficialswere__13__.TheEssexCountyFAfinallyfound47-year-oldSavillguiltyand__14__hisjobforsevenweeks.

Savill,arefereewith18years’experience,officiallyannouncedthathewould__15__thejobafterfindingoutaboutthedecision.“__16__haventgotasenseofhumor,”hetoldtheTimesnewspaper.“Itbrought__17__toeveryone’slives.Itshows__18__canbeenjoyableandthatwearenotHitlersrunningaroundblowing19allthetime.”However,headvisedotherrefereesagainstfollowinghis__20__.

1.A.decisionB.adviceC.commentsD.statement

2.A.wrongB.toofarC.crazyD.veryserious

3.A.caseB.sceneC.gameD.score

4.A.picturesB.sightsC.pityD.charge

5.A.goingB.remainingC.endingD.leaving

6.A.handB.feetC.backD.side

7.A.threwB.laidC.kickedD.hit

8.A.afterB.whileC.forD.before

9.A.continuesB.winsC.delaysD.ends

10.A.thankfulB.friendlyC.beautifulD.accidental

11.A.strangeB.wonderfulC.amazingD.helpful

12.A.littleB.muchC.doubtfulD.sensible

13.A.watchedB.pleasedC.impressedD.tricked

14.A.stoppedB.encouragedC.firedD.scolded

15.A.takeB.leaveC.improveD.refuse

16.A.WeB.HeC.ID.They

17.A.hateB.violenceC.enjoymentD.friendship

18.A.playingB.inspectingC.scoringD.refereeing

19.A.windB.whistlesC.hornsD.weapons

20.A.exampleB.humorC.recordD.lesson

第三部分阅读理解

A

Thetreesarrivedbypost,ahalf-openparcel.Theywerethinandstraight,ratherlikearrowsbutwithshinyleavesatoneendandmuddyrootsattheother.Terryandhisfathertookthemdownthegardenandplantedthemintheirpreparedplaces.Terryhadgreathopesofthemiddletree,nowsetintheholyspotwhereHenry,hiscat,runover,hadbeenlaidtorestayearbefore.Theninetreesmadeanavenuedownonesideofthegarden,wheretherewasalreadyafifteen-footstonewallbetweenthegardenandthebackyardsoftheJenkinsStreethouses.
“Whydowewantarowoftreesaswellasawall?”Terryaskedhisfather.

Hisfathersaid,“Forprivacy.Thesetreesgrowverythickly.”

Hisfather’sloveofprivacyoftenpuzzledTerry,whowasnotonetokeephimselftohimself,buthecouldseepartofthepointhere.ThehousesinJenkinsStreetwereonhigherground.HisfriendLeslielivedinnumbertwelve,andLesliehadonlytostandonaboxtoseerightoverthewall.

“Willthetreesgrowhigherthanthewall?”Terryaskedthen.

“Ohyes,twiceashighifnotmore.It’lltakeafewyearsbuttheyllgrow.”

Sotheyweregoingtohaveninetreesthirtyfeettall,tokeepthemfrombeingoverlooked.Terrywonderedwhythiswassodesirable.Hesaid,“Ourgardenisverypretty.Whycan’tweletthepeopleoverthewallseeit?Thatwouldn’tbeshowingoff,wouldit?”
“No,Idon’tthinkitwouldbe,”hisfathersaid.“Yetsomepeoplemightfeelabitlesshappyiftheycanalwaysseeagoodthingthatisn’ttheirs.Wedon’twanttobethecauseofanyjealousyifwecanhelpit.”

Thisconsiderationforotherpeople’sfeelingsmustbeagrown-upthing.Terrythought.Itwasnothisideaofhowtorunthings.Hesaid,“Thesetrees—itseemsalotoftroubletogotojusttostoppeoplebeingjealousofus,”

Hisfatherlookedathim.“Itisn’tmuchtrouble,Terry,”hesaid.“Thesetreeswillgrowwithouthelpfromus.They’llbebeautiful.Andlistentothem.Youcanalreadyhearthemwhisperingtousinthewind.”

1.HowdoweknowthatTerry’sfatherwasexpectingthetrees?
A.Hethoughttheywouldgrowtallandthick.
B.Heexpectedthembecausetheyarrivedbypost.
C.HeandTerryhaddugholesforthem.
D.Theparcelwashalfopen,sohecouldseetheyweretrees.
2.Partofthegardeniscalledaholyspotbecause.
A.HenryhadbeenrunoverjustthereB.acatwasburiedthere
C.Terrythoughtitwasholy.D.itwasrightinfrontofLeslie’shouse
3.WeknowfromthepassagethatTerry’sfatherisamanwho.
A.wasproudofhisgardenandlikedshowingitoffB.didn’tquitelikehisneighbors
C.preferredtokeephisprivacyD.feltjealousofthepeopleinJenkinsStreet
4.Whywerethetreesplantedinfrontofthewall?
A.Becausethatwaswheretheywouldgrowfaster.B.Toimprovetheappearanceofthehouse.
C.TohidetheuglysightofJenkinsStreet.D.Tostoppeoplefromlookinginside.

5.AccordingtoTerry’sfather,thethingthatmighthavemadetheneighborsfeellesshappy
was________.

A.thewallB.thethrivingrowoftreesC.thewell-keptgardenD.theprivacyoftheplace

B

Inthe1960s,medicalresearchersThomasHolmesandRichardRahedevelopedachecklistofstressfulevents.Theyappreciatedthetrickypointthatanymajorchangecanbestressful.Badeventslike"seriousillnessofafamilymember"werehighonthelist,butsoweresomehelpfullifechangingeventslikemarriage.

WhenyoutaketheHolmesRahetestyoumustrememberthatthescoredoesnotshowhowyoudealwithstress—itonlyshowshowmuchyouhavetodealwith.Andwenowknowthatthewayyoudealwiththeseeventsdramatically（戏剧性地）affectsyourchancesofstayinghealthy.Bytheearly1970s,hundredsofsimilarstudieshadfollowedHolmesandRahe.AndmillionsofAmericanswhoworkandliveunderstressworriedoverthereports.Somehowtheresearchgotboileddowntoamemorablemessage.Women’smagazinesrantitleslike"Stresscausesillness".

Ifyouwanttostayphysicallyandmentallyhealthythearticlessaidavoidstressfulevents.Butsuchsimplisticadviceisimpossibletofollow.Evenifstressfuleventsaredangerous,many—likethedeathofalovedone—areimpossibletoavoid.Moreover,anywarningtoavoidallstressfuleventsisaprescription（处方）forstayingawayfromchancesaswellastrouble.Sinceanychangecanbestressful,apersonwhowantedtobecompletelyfreeofstresswouldnevermarry,haveachild,takeanewjobormove.Theideathatallstressmakesyousickalsotakesnonoticeofalotofwhatweknowaboutpeople.Itsupposeswe’reallvulnerableandnotactiveinthefaceofthedifficultsituation.Butwhatabouthumanabilityandcreativity?Manycomethroughperiodsofstresswithmorephysicalandmentalstrengththantheyhadbefore.Wealsoknowthatalongtimewithoutchangeorchallengecanleadtoboredomandphysicalandmentalpressure.　

6.TheresultofHolmesRahe’smedicalresearchtellsus________.

A.thewayyoudealwithmajoreventsmaycausestress

B.whatshouldbedonetoavoidstress

C.whatkindofeventwouldcausestress

D.howtodealwithsuddenchangesinlife

7.Thestudiesonstressintheearly1970sledto________.

A.popularavoidanceofstressfuljobsB.greatfearoverthementaldisorder

C.acarefulresearchintostressrelatedillnessesD.widespreadworryaboutitsharmfuleffects

8.ThescoreoftheHolmesRahetestshows________.

A.howyoucandealwithlifechangingeventsB.howhelpfuleventscanchangeyourlife

C.howstressfulamajoreventcanbeD.howmuchpressureyouareunder

9.Whyis"suchsimplisticadvice"(Line1,Para.3)impossibletofollow?

A.Noonecanstayonthesamejobforlong

B.Noprescriptioniseffectiveinreducingstress?　

C.Peoplehavetogetmarriedsomeday　

D.Youcouldbemissingchancesaswell?

10.Accordingtothepassagepeoplewhohaveexperiencedupsanddownsmaybecome________.

A.nervouswhenfacedwithdifficultiesB.physicallyandmentallytired

C.moreabletodealwithdifficultiesD.coldtowardwhathappenstothem

第四部分短文改错

DearMumandDad:

Thisisaquicknotetellyouthatwehavearrived1:________

safelyandthatwearehavingarealwonderfultime.2:________

Theflightisverygoodandwearrivedatourhotel3:________

intimeforoureveningmeal.Theweatherhereis4:________

muchbetterthanathome.Sometimesitrainalittle5:________

atnight,andit’ssunnyduringtheday.Ifthe6:________

weatherisnicethenextweek，we’llgosailing.7:________

TodayIhavetowriteallmypostcards.Iwantitto8:________

arrivebeforewewillgetbackhomeonSunday.Were9:________

allwell,andlookingforwardtoseeyou.10:________

Hopeallswell.

Lotsoflove第五部分：书面表达

5月2日《蓉城日报》报道：某大型超市最近做出一项新的决定：为减少白色污染，超市将不再为购物的顾客提供免费的塑料袋。请你就此从以下几个方面发表自己的看法：

1．这一决定的利与弊

2．建议超市提供纸袋，顾客也可自带包装

3．要彻底解决白色污染的问题，需要首先提高人们对环保的认识

注意：1．词数：100左右；2．参考词汇：《蓉城日报》：RongchengDaily

参考答案

第一部分单项填空

1—5DABBC6—10CBBBA

第一部分单项填空

1—5AABBA6—10CCDAC11—15DDACD

第二部分完形填空

1—5ABADB6—10BCDAD11—15AACAB16—20DCDBA

第三部分阅读理解

1—5CBCDC6—10ADDBC

第四部分短文改错

1.note与tell之间加to2.real→really3.is→was4.√5.rain→rains

6.and→but7.去掉the8.it→them9.去掉will10.see→seeing

第五部分：写作

Onepossibleversion:

ItisreportedinRongchengDailythatabigsupermarkethasmadeanewdecisionthatinordertoreducewhitepollution,themarketwillnolongerprovideforthecustomersfreeplasticbags.Inmyopinion,thedecisionwillhavebothpositiveandnegativeeffects.Asisknown,peoplethrowawayusedplasticbagswherevertheywanttoandthewhitepollution,mainlycausedbyplastics,whichishardtobreakdown,isbecomingadangertopeople’slife.Thereisnodoubtthatthedecisionwilldogoodtotheenvironment.However,itwillbringinconveniencetothecustomers.It’slikelythatfewerpeoplewillchoosethissupermarketandthereforethesalesoftheshopwillbebadlyaffected.

Tosolvethisproblem,Ithinkthesupermarketcanprovidepaperbagsorthecustomersareencouragedtobringalongbagsoftheirown.ButwhatIwanttopointoutisthatstoppingprovidingplasticbagsisfarfrombeingthebestwaytoprotecttheearthfromwhitepollution.It’snotuntileveryoneunderstandstheimportanceofprotectingenvironmentthattheworldwillbereallyclean.

蜜

蜜蜂的语言

有很多种不同种类的蜂.有些是聚居在大家族里,象蜜蜂,把它们的窝筑在树上或岩石洞里.还有一些则把它们的窝筑在地下的洞里.也有一些根本就不住在一起的蜜蜂.在不同种类的蜂之中,蜜蜂吸引了很多科学家,因为他们用一种语言来互相传递信息.1851年,现代蜂房的研制使研究蜜蜂语言的实验成为可能.
卡尔·冯·弗里希教授,一个澳大利亚的科学家,多年研究在黑暗的蜂房里蜜蜂是怎样以很巧妙的方式传递信息的.冯·弗里希教授多年从事蜜蜂的研究工作,他对一再观察到的某些现象曾感到迷惑不解.当他把一小碟一小碟的蜜放在桌上时,蜜蜂不一会儿就来了.只要有一只蜜蜂发现了蜜,没多久便飞来许多蜜蜂.看来,一只(发现了食物的)蜜蜂能把食物的信息传递给蜂箱里的其他蜜蜂.这是怎样传递的呢?为了弄清情况,冯·弗里希制作了几个特殊的蜂箱,每个里面只有一蜂巢.蜂箱的一面装上玻璃,他可以透过玻璃观察蜜蜂在里面的活动情况.为了便于区别,他在一些蜜蜂的身上涂上颜色.
当一只带有标记的蜜蜂从喂食的桌上飞回蜂箱时,冯·弗里希就透过玻璃进行观察.使他惊异的是,这只蜜蜂在巢壁上跳起舞来.先向右转一圈,再向左转一圈.就这样一遍又一遍地来回转圈.但情况还不只此.这种舞蹈似乎使周围的蜜蜂也活跃起来了.它们成群地跟在这只蜜蜂后面,模仿它的动作.然后离开蜂箱飞到喂食处去了.这种圆圈舞好象是传递有关食物的信息.可是它还传递什么别的信息吗?
冯·弗里希想弄清这种舞蹈能不能说明喂食处有多远.因此,他安排了两个喂食处.

一个靠近蜂箱.另一个远离蜂箱.他给所有来附近喂食处的蜜蜂标上蓝色,给飞到远的喂食处的蜜蜂标上红色.当蜜蜂返回蜂箱时,冯·弗里希看到了一种奇妙的现象.所有到过近处喂食处的蜜蜂都跳着圆圈舞.所有到过远处喂食处的蜜蜂都跳着一种完全不同的舞--摆尾舞.跳舞的蜜蜂沿着直线飞,腹部左右摆动.然后它转半个圈,再沿直线飞,在另一边又转半个圈.它一遍又一遍地不断重复着这些"舞步".情况清楚了.圆圈舞的意思是食物在近处.摆尾舞的意思是食物在远处.

接下来,冯·弗里希和他的同事们在靠近蜂箱的地方设立了一个喂食处.接着他们把喂食处慢慢地往远处移动.他们回到蜂箱近旁时,便仔细观察摆尾舞.他们用跑表计算蜜蜂在一分钟内重复舞蹈的次数.他们发现喂食地点越远,舞就跳得越慢,舞蹈越慢,在一分钟内能够重复的次数就越少.于是又发现一个令人惊讶的情况.每分钟摆尾舞的次数说明到喂食地点的距离.他们也发现蜜蜂在它们的蜂房和喂食处所飞的最大距离是3.2公里.

其次,冯·弗里希和他的同事们要知道的是蜜蜂们是否能够告诉其它伙伴确切的食物位置.例如,蜜蜂能否交流具体的方向,像东西南北,东南和西南等.

当蜜蜂发现一个喂食处的时候,它们能够从蜂箱直接飞到喂食处.不一会,一群蜜蜂就象一股小风暴一样从蜂箱飞到喂食处.几个世纪以前,"蜂线"这个单词就出现了,现在,我们就可以得出"给某人或某样东西作一条直线"的表达方式,意思是为某人或某样东西快速沿着一条直线走.

卡尔·冯·弗里希毕生研究包括蜜蜂在内的动物传递信息的办法,1973年,他和另外两个科学家获得了诺贝尔奖.他死于1982年.

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