88教案网

学生们有一个生动有趣的课堂,离不开老师辛苦准备的教案,大家应该开始写教案课件了。认真做好教案课件的工作计划,才能完成制定的工作目标!你们知道多少范文适合教案课件?小编特地为大家精心收集和整理了“UnitOnePart1”,但愿对您的学习工作带来帮助。

UnitOnePart1
单词拼写
1.Wemaytalkofbeautifulthings,butbeautyitselfisa_____.
2.Evenpeoplewhotakenointerestinartcannothavefailedtonoticeexamplesofmodern_____(雕塑)ondisplayinpublicplaces.
3.Idliketogotosomeart_____(美术馆)andmuseums.Theyareveryfamous.
4.Ilearnedsomethingabouthowtolivewithpeopleofdifferentreligiousb_____."
5.Hislongillnessandc_____absenceputhimfarbehindinhiswork.
6.Hehadbeenillforalongtimeandc_____hewasbehindinhiswork.
7.Iftherearenogoalsinlife,itwillbelikeaheadlessflyflying_____(没目标地)
8.IntheancientcultureofChina,thereisatraditionofspreadingblessingsthroughsignsand_____(符号).
9.Newideasand_____(价值观念)tooktheplaceofthosethatwereheldintheMiddleAges.
10.Peoplebecame_____(集中)moreonhumansandlessonreligion.
书面表达(满分30分)
1963年3月5日,毛泽东发出了“向雷锋同志学习”的号召。“学雷锋”运动在中国一度非常流行。现在“学雷锋”运动是否已经过时?现代社会还需要“雷锋精神”吗?请结合自己的经验或见闻谈谈你自己的看法。
注意:1.词数120--150左右,开头已经给出,不计入总词数。
2.参考词汇:运动:campaign;雷锋精神:LeiFengSpirit;和谐的:harmonious
ChairmanMaocalledonthewholenationto“LearnFromComradeLeiFeng”onMarch5,1963,

Keys:
1.abstract.2.sculpture3.galleries(美术馆)4.beliefs.5.consequent
6.consequently7.aimlessly8.symbols(符号).9.values10.focused
书面表达
ChairmanMaocalledonthewholenationto“LearnFromComradeLeiFeng”onMarch5,1963,fromthenonmanyChinesejoinedthecampaigntofollow“LeiFengSpirit”anddidgooddeeds.
However,inrecentyearsitisconsideredtobeold–fashionedto“LearnFromComradeLeiFeng”.ButwhatLiXueshengandWeiQinggangdidin2005movedalotofpeoplethroughoutChina.LiXueshengwaskilledwhileattemptingtosavechildrenfromtherailwaytrackinWenzhou.AndWeiQinggangriskedhislifethreetimestosaveastrangerfromhugewavesinQingdao.SomepeoplearoundusdevotethemselvestosocietybydoinggooddeedsjustlikeLeiFeng.Inmyopinion,eveninmoderntimes,weshouldhelpeachotherinordertobuildaharmonioussociety.

UnitOnePart2
单词拼写
1.1Shemakesar_______________ofkeepingherhousecleanandtidy.
她认为保持房子整洁是她份内的事。
2.Ittookmanyhoursto_______________(使相信)thecourtofhisguilt.
3.Thes_______________ofthetreesgrewlongerastheafternoonwenton.
4.N_______________,advertisementscanbefoundeverywhereinanybigcity.
5.Theboys_______________(打算、尝试)toleaveforcampingbutwerestoppedbytheirparents.
6.Thespecialistsands_______________presentatthesymposiumcomefromallcornersofthecountry.
7.Imusthelpmybrotherandsisterbecausetheyremyownf_______________andblood.
8.Chineseeconomicandtrade_______________(展览会)havepromotedtheexchangeoftheadvancedtechniqueswithforeigncountries.
9.ItisgenerallyacceptedthattheChinesec_______________isoneoftheoldestintheworld.
10.Sheoversleptandc_______________shewaslate.
写作(满分30分)
仔细观察下面这几幅图表,就图表内容用英语写一篇短文。

注意:
1.反映图表所揭示的内容,并发表自己的看法。2.词数:120—150。3.题目自拟。

Keys
1religion(makeareligionofdoingsth.认为自己该干某事)2.convince3.shadows
4Nowadays5attempted6scholars7.flesh(fleshandblood血肉,亲属)
8exhibitions9.civilization10.consequently
ReusingTextbooksIsinGreatNeed
Accordingtothegraphsabove,thetotalamountofbooksandnewspapersincreasedalotin2006,comparedwiththatin2005.Althoughthetextbooksareonlyasmallpart,theirtotalamountandpricegrowtoofast.What’sworse,mostofthetextbooksarereprinted.Itisreallyagreatwasteofwoodandmoney.
So,whenshouldwedo?Inmyopinion,asstudents,weshouldtryusingtheoldbooksiftherearenochangesbecausetheyareasusefulastheoldones.Andastheteachersandthegovernments,theyshouldtakesomemeasurestoencouragestudentstoreusetheoldbooksinsteadofbuyingthenewoneseveryyear.Thus,notonlycanwestopdestroyingtheforest,buyalsowecansaveaotofmoney.

UnitOnePart3
单词拼写
11.1Whenhisfatherdied,hecameintop_______________ofalargefortune.
12.Therearemanyartg_______________inNewYorksuchasMuseumofModernArtandGuggenheimMuseum.
13.Expertsp_______________thattherewillbeanearthquake.
4Theysaidthepainterswerecarelessandtheirpaintingswere_________(荒唐的).
5Thisis_________(引起争论的)decisionsoitcan’tbecarriedoutatpresent.
6Sallyisnotana_______person.Ifshewere,shewouldbeamoresuccessfulbusinesswoman.
7ThatisMadison________-(大道)。
8Hemajorsin__________(当代的)literatureincollege.
9Theearthquakewaslightbutitsside-effectswerep________.
10Shedoesntliveinthis________(区)。
写作(满分30分)
根据下表信息,以YangHongde-AstarStudent为题写一篇短文,介绍你校品学兼优高三毕业生杨弘德同学。
姓名杨弘德年龄19
考入学校香港中文大学奖学金50万港元
家庭状况父亲死于车祸、母亲重病卧床
本人情况持家、照顾母亲、学习刻苦、成绩突出、乐于助人
你的评价
1.文章须包括表中信息,可适当发挥增加细节,使文章连贯。
2.参考词汇:奖学金scholarship3.字数120—150字。

Keys
1possession2.galleries3.predict4ridiculous5controversial6aggressive
7Avenue.8contemporary9permanent10district
Inthisyear’sMETofShandong,YangHongde,asenior3studentfromourschool,gothighmarkandwasadmittedtoHongKongChineseUniversity,whatascholarshipofHK$500,000.
ButthreeyearsagowhenYang,aged16,justbeganhisseniorIschoollife,hisfatherwaskilledinatrafficaccident.Hismotherbecameseriouslyillinbedbecauseofhisfather’sdeath,losingthebasicabilitytosupportherself.
ThusYanghadtotaketheburdenofsupportingthefamilyandnursinghisillmother.Heovercameeveryunthinkabledifficultiesthatheconfronted.(overcameonedifficultyafteranother)Meanwhile,hestudiedevenhardanddidprettywellinallhissubjects.Moreover,heisalwaysreadytohelpotherstudentsandteachers.
YangHongdesetasafineexamplebothindailylifeandstudy.Weshouldlearnfromhim.JAB88.CoM

延伸阅读

对数(1)教案苏教版必修1


一名优秀的教师在教学方面无论做什么事都有计划和准备,作为教师就要在上课前做好适合自己的教案。教案可以让学生们能够在上课时充分理解所教内容,让教师能够快速的解决各种教学问题。那么如何写好我们的教案呢?以下是小编为大家收集的“对数(1)教案苏教版必修1”欢迎大家阅读,希望对大家有所帮助。

3.2.1对数(1)
教学目标:
1.理解对数的概念;
2.能够进行对数式与指数式的互化;
3.会根据对数的概念求一些特殊的对数式的值.

教学重点:
对数的概念,对数式与指数式的相互转化,并求一些特殊的对数式的值;
教学难点:
对数概念的引入与理解.

教学过程:
一、情境创设
假设2005年我国的国民生产总值为a亿元,如每年平均增长8%,那么经过多少年,国民生产总值是2005年的2倍?
根据题目列出方程:______________________.
提问:此方程的特征是什么?已知底数和幂,求指数!
情境问题:已知底数和指数求幂,通常用乘方运算;而已知指数和幂,则通常用开方运算或分数指数幂运算,已知底数和幂,如何求指数呢?
二、数学建构
1.对数的定义.
一般地,如果a(a>0,a≠1)的b次幂等于N,即ab=N,那么就称b是以a为底N的对数,记作logaN,即b=logaN.
其中,a叫作对数的底数,N叫做对数的真数.
2.对数的性质:
(1)真数N>0,零和负数没有对数;
(2)loga1=0(a>0,a≠1);
(3)logaa=1(a>0,a≠1);
(4)a=N(a>0,a≠1).
3.两个重要对数:
(1)常用对数(commonlogarithm):以10为底的对数lgN.
(2)自然对数(naturallogarithm):以无理数为底的对数lnN.
三、数学应用
例1将下列指数式改写成对数式.
(1)24=16;(2);(3);(4).
例2求下列各式的值.
(1)log264;(2)log832.
基础练习:
log10100=;log255=;
log2=;log4=;
log33=;logaa=;
log31=;loga1=.
例3将下列对数式改写成指数式
(1)log5125=3;(2)log3=-2;(3)lga=-1.699.
例4已知loga2=m,loga3=n,求a2mn的值.
练习:
1.(1)lg(lg10)=;(2)lg(lne)=;
(3)log6[log4(log381)]=;(4)log3=1,则x=________.
2.把logx=z改写成指数式是.
3.求2的值.
4.设,则满足的x值为_______.
5.设x=log23,求.
四、小结
1.对数的定义:b=logaNab=N.
2.对数的运算:用指数运算进行对数运算.
3.对数恒等式.
4.对数的意义:对数表示一种运算,也表示一种结果.
五、作业
课本P79习题3.2(1)1,2,3(1)~(4).

牛津高一英语模块1Unit1学案1


古人云,工欲善其事,必先利其器。高中教师要准备好教案为之后的教学做准备。教案可以让学生们充分体会到学习的快乐,帮助高中教师缓解教学的压力,提高教学质量。那么,你知道高中教案要怎么写呢?下面的内容是小编为大家整理的牛津高一英语模块1Unit1学案1,希望能对您有所帮助,请收藏。

高一英语讲学案
M1U1基础知识过关测试Period12
一、根据提示及句子里的其它信息完成句子,每空一词。(每空0.5分,共30分)
1.Iusuallygetupanhourlater______________________________(比平时).
2.Goinghikingmustbe______________________________________(激动人心的经历).
3.Idon’tknowthegirlwhoissitting_______________________(旁边)me.
4.Thebestway__________________________well(学好英语)istopractiseiteveryday.
5.The_________________(平均年龄)ofthestudentsinmyclassis15.
6._________washard__________thechildrentogotoschool.(以前孩子们上学困难)
7.IthinkyourEnglishis__________(进步).
8.It’snogoodspendingtoomuchtime________________________________(上网).
9.Insomecountrieschildrengotoschool__________________(免费).
10.Idon’tthinkitrightto_________(放弃)thesubjectsyou’renotinterested_________.
11.Weoften__________(放松)ourselvesbylisteningtomusic.
12.Couldyoutellme__________yourschoollife____________________(学校生活怎么样)?
13.Theworkersdemandedani______________answer(立刻答复).
14.Shedidn’tpayany____________to_________Isaid(注意我说的话).
15.To__________high____________(取得好成绩)isnottheonlyreason_______westudy.
16.Toremembersomanywordsinsuchashorttimeisreally______________________me.
(对我来说具有挑战性)
17.Hee____________(赢得)hisplaceintheteambytraininghard.
18.Sheissuchaperson__________ishard__________________(难以取悦).
19.After____________________(毕业)university,heonceworkedasanewspaperreporter.
20.___________finishinghisstudies(一完成学业),hestartedtravelinginChina.
21.Itisurgentthatwe__________foodandclothing__________thesufferers(捐赠).
22.Iaskedtheheadmasterifmusiccouldbeplayedduringbreaktimeandhe____________(批准)theidea.
23.Theschoolradiooftenplaythesongs______________________________(学生唱的).
24.ThisisthemostinterestingbookthatI______________________(读过的).
25.I____________to_______(遗憾地通知)youthatthesportsmeetingwillhavetobeputoff
becauseoftherain.
26.Iamhappy__________mynewdress,becauseitisnotonly___________(时尚)butalsoinexpensive.
27.Allstudentsarer_____________(要求)toattendschoolassembly________Mondaymornings.
28.Howwelookisnot______importantas_________welearnatschool.
29.Someofusprefer(喜欢)stayingintheclassroom___________(不喜欢)doingsports.
30.Ienjoy_________________________(课外活动)andIamgladthattheymightalsohelpmegetintoagoodcollege.
二、选择最佳答案填入空格处(每题1分,共35分)
1.Living_______forlongwillmakeyouinterestedinnothingserious.
A.ineaseB.ateaseC.witheaseD.forease
2.Thelessonwelearnyesterdaywasdifficult_________.
A.tounderstandB.tobeunderstoodC.weunderstoodD.understanding
3.Thelittlebirdmissed___________andflewaway.
A.shootingB.beingshotC.toshootD.tobeshot
4.________thedaywenton,theweathergotworse.
A.WithB.SinceC.AsD.For
5.Whenyouleavetheroom,makesure_____________.
A.youlockthedoorB.thatlockthedoorC.oflockthedoorD.tolockingthedoor
6.________hecomesornot,I’llkeepaseatforyou.
A.IfB.WhetherC.WhenD.Nomatter
7.Thelittlegirlwouldlike___________tothetheatre.
A.totakeB.takingC.tobetakenD.beingtaken
8.----Wouldyouliketo________mybirthdaypartythisSaturday?
----Sorry,Ihaveanimportantmeetingto_________.
A.attend/joinB.takepart/attendC.attend/joinD.attend/attend
9.Theplacehas_________fromafishingportintoatouristcenter.
A.increasedB.discoveredC.developedD.improved
10.Attentionmustbepaid_________andspokenEnglish.
A.tolistenB.listenC.tolisteningD.forlistening
11.Theseticketsare________.Thefilmcompanygavehemawaytous______.
A.forfree/freeB.free/freelyC.free/forfreeD.freeofcharge/free
12.We’vealwaysdeeply_________sellingthefarm.
A.regrettedB.missedC.worriedD.doubted
13.----What’sthatterriblenoise?
----Theneighbors_________foraparty.
A.havepreparedB.arepreparingC.prepareD.willprepare
14.----Sheseemsa_________waitress.
----Yes,eachofusalwaysfeels_______withhergoodmannersandservice.
A.pleased/pleasedB.pleasant/pleasantC.pleased/pleasantD.pleasant/pleased
15.Theboyseach_______theycamefirstintherace.
A.sayB.saysC.aresaidthatD.issaidthat
16.Hishealthrequiresthathe_________early.
A.shouldgotobedB.goestobedC.willgotobedD.gotothebed
17.In1960,thiswasthelongestbridgethat__________.
A.waseverbuiltB.hadeverbuiltC.haseverbeenbuiltD.hadeverbeenbuilt
18.Whatsurprisedmewasnotwhathesaidbut______hesaidit.
A.thewayB.inthewaythatC.inthewayD.thewaywhich
19.----Doyouregrethavingleftyourfirstjob?
----WhyshouldI?I_______asmuch,butIenjoymoreofit.
A.didn’tearnB.don’tearnC.hadn’tearnedD.haven’tearned
20.Iwantyou______me__________ofhowthingsaregoingwithyou.
A.tokeep/informingB.keep/informedC.tokeep/informedD.keep/informing
21.ThesecondbookIwanttoreadisTravelsinChina.
A.whichB.whatC.thatD.as
22.I’llneverforgetthedaysIstayedinyourbeautifulcountry.
A.whenB.inwhichC.thatD.forwhich
23.TheschoolIvisitedlastyearwasnottheoneIonceworked.
A.which;whereB.which;whichC.where;whichD.where;where
24.Shehadtwodaughters,becamedoctors.
A.allofthemB.allofwhomC.bothofthemD.bothofwhom
25.ThemagazineBettypaidonedollarwasverygood.
A.thatB.whichC.forwhichD.towhich
26.I’moneoftheboysneverlateforschool.
A.thatisB.whoareC.whoamD.whois
27.isknowntousall,theearthmovesaroundthesun.
A.ThisB.ThatC.ItD.As
28.Isthismuseumtheyvisitedlastmonth?
A.thatB.whereC.whichD.theone
29.Isthisthemuseumtheyvisitedlastmonth?
A.whenB.whereC.whichD.theone
30.Dorothywasalwaysspeakinghighlyofherroleintheplay,,ofcourse,
madetheothersunhappy.
A.whoB.whichC.thisD.what
31.Alecaskedthepolicemanheworkedtocontacthimwhenevertherewasanaccident.
A.withhimB.whoC.withwhomD.whom
32.Wewillbeshownaroundthecity:schools,museums,andsomeotherplaces,othervisitorsseldomgo.
A.whatB.whichC.whereD.when
33.Wearelivinginanagemanythingsaredoneoncomputer.
A.whichB.thatC.whoseD.when
34.Amoderncityhasbeensetupinwasawastelandtenyearsago.
A.whatB.whichC.thatD.where
35.TheEnglishplaymystudentsactedattheNewYear’spartywasagreatsuccess.
A.forwhichB.atwhichC.inwhichD.onwhich
三、改错(改动、增减只能在一个词上进行)(每题1分,共20分)
1.Thefanwhichyouwantitisonthetable.
2.Themanbroughtourtextbookshereyesterdayisinthenextroom.
3.That’sthechildhisdrawingswewerelookingatjustnow.
4.Thehousewherehelivesinneedsrepairing.
5.Allthebooksthere,thathavebeautifulpicturesinthem,werewrittenbyhim.
6.Idon’tlikethewayinthathespeakstohisfather.
7.Itisknowntoall,TaiwanispartofChina.
8.I,whoisyourgoodfriend,willtrymybesttohelpyouout.
9.Afterreading,don’tforgettoputthebookstowheretheywere.
10.Isthismuseumwhichtheyvisitedlastmonth?
11.Thereisgoingtohavealectureon1Oct.inthelecturehall.
12.Thechildrengetagreatnumberoffunoutofdressinginotherpeople’sclothes.
13.Becareofthatdogmaybiteyou.
14.Jane:Whomwouldyouliketotalkwithattheendofthelecture?
Mary:TheladywecallherMissWhite.
15.I’mlookingforwardtohearfromyousoon.
16.Ipreferleisureclothesthanfashionableclothes.
17.Thegoodswereondisplayedintheshopwindow.
18.Thepolicehaven’tgotenoughinformationstocatchthecriminal.
19.Don’tforgettoemailmeimmediateyouarrivehome.
20.David,aswellashisparents,aregoingtoBeijingforaholiday.
四、根据要求改写句子(每句1分,共15分)
1.Theschoolradioalwaysplaysongssungbystudents.(将划线部分改为定语从句)
2.Ispentmorethantwohourscoveringthedistance.(用take重写本句)
3.Yougavemeasurprise.(改为感叹句)
4.Peoplesawthemissingboyplayingneartheriver.(改为被动态)
5.Sheworkssevendaysaweek,andsixofthemworkuntiloneo’clockatnight.
(将划线部分改为非限制性定语从句)
6.Thesportsmeetwasfinallyputoffbecauseoftheheavyrain.
(将划线部分改为原因状语从句)
7.Uponfinishinghisstudies,hestartedtravelinginChina.(用as将划线部分改为状语从句)
8.HisEnglishisnotsogoodasmine.(改为肯定句)
9.Asisreported,twentypeoplewereinjuredintheaccident,includingfivechildren.
(用It做主语将划线部分改为主语从句)
10.Hestudiedhard.Hegotthehighestscoreinthefinalexamination.(用so…that…句型合并句子)
11.WeshouldpayattentiontolisteningandspokenEnglish.(用划线部分做主语将本句改为被动态)
12.Hefellasleepassoonashesatdown..(用immediately替换划线部分)
13.Thedoctorrequireshimtogotobedearly.(将划线部分改为宾语从句)
14.IdidwhatIcouldtohelphim.(将划线部分改为allthat句型)
15.过去,孩子们上学困难。(译成英文)
高一英语讲学案
M1U1基础知识过关测试

1.thanusual2.anexcitingexperience3.nextto4.tolearnEnglish5.averageage
6.Itfor7.improving8.surfingtheInternet/ontheInternet9.forfree
10.drop11.relax12.whatislike13.immediate14.attentionwhat15.achievegrades
16.challengingfor17.earned18.whotoplease19.graduatingfrom20On21.donateto22.approved23.sungbystudents24.everread25.regretinform26.withpopular
27.requiredon28.aswhat29.to30.out-classactivities

BABCABCDCCCABDAADACCCBADCBDDCBCCDAC

Teachingobjectives:教师用
Studentsareexpectedtoknowhowtouseattributiveclausesproperlyandfreely.
AttributiveClauses(定语从句)
几个必须弄清的问题:
1.定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句两种。
2.定语从句(AttributiveClause)在句中作定语,修饰名词、代词或词组。
3.被定语从句修饰的名词、代词或词组叫做先行词。
4.定语从句由关系词引导。关系词分为关系代词和关系副词两种。
关系代词:who,whom,whose,that,which等。关系副词:when,where,why等。
5.关系词的三作用:(1)引导定语从句;(2)代表先行词;(3)在定语从句中充当某一个成分(主语、表语、宾语、定语或状语)。
限制性定语从句
一、关系代词引导的定语从句
关系代词所代表的先行词是表示人或物的名词或代词,并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。
1.先行词指物时,用关系代词that/which引导定语从句。
如:Heboughtacoatthat/whichcostlittle.他买了一件便宜上衣。(作主语)
Thecarwhich/thatheboughtyesterdayisasecondhandone.
他昨天买的车是个二手货。(作宾语)
2.先行词指人时,用关系代词that/who(在口语中可代替whom)引导定语从句。
如:Themanwho/thatgaveaspeechyesterdayonTVisthepresident.
昨天在电视上演讲的人是总统。(作主语)
Thisisthestrangemanthat/who/whomImetyesterday.
这就是我昨天碰到的那个怪人。(作宾语)
3.whose在从句中作定语,既可指人,作“某(些)人的”解;也可指物,作“某(些)物的”解。
如:Thisisthelittlegirlwhoseparentswerekilledinthegreatearthquake.
这就是在那次大地震中失去双亲的那个小姑娘。
Weliveinahousewhosewindowsopentothesouth.
我们居住在一所窗户朝南的房子里。
定语从句中谓语动词的单复数取决于先行词是否单复数。例如:
Heisoneofthestudentswhoworkhard.
他是那些学习努力的学生之一。(who指先行词thestudents)
Heistheonlyoneofthestudentswhogoesabroad.他是学生中唯一出国的。(who指先行词theonlyone)
二、记清多用关系代词that的几种情况。
1.先行词为all,everything,nothing,something,anything,little,fewmuch等不定代词时。如:ThereislittlethatIcanuse.几乎没有什么我能用的了。
2.先行词被all,each,few,much,every,no,some,any等不定代词修饰时。
如:Allthebooksthatyouneedarehere.你所需要的书都在这儿。
3.先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。
如:ThisisthefirstcompositionthathehaswritteninEnglish.
这是他用英语写的第一篇作文。
4.先行词既有人又有物时。
如:Hetalkedabouttheteachersandschoolsthathehadvisited.
他谈到了他曾拜访过的老师和学校。
5.主句是以who或which开头的疑问句时。
如:Whoisthemanthatisspeakingoverthere?在那里说话的人是谁?
6.先行词被theonly,thevery,thelast等修饰时。
如:ThisistheverygunthatIamlookingfor.这正是我在找的枪。
7.关系代词在从句中作表语时。
如:Heisnottheyoungmanthathewasthirtyyearsago.
他已不是三十年前的那个年轻人了。
关系副词where,when和why
关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词,在从句中作状语。
三、关系副词引导的定语从句
关系副词where引导的定语从句
1.当先行词是表示地点的名词,如place,room,mountain,airport等,同时又在从句中作状语时,定语从句需要用关系副词where引导。
例如:Thetwolostboyshappenedtocomeintoacavewheretheydiscoveredsomeveryvaluableprehistoricalrockpaintingsbychance.
那两个迷路的男孩碰巧进入了一个山洞,在那里他们意外地发现了一些非常有价值的史前岩画。
在上述例句中,where代表inthecave,作地点状语。
2.通常,引导定语从句的where大都可以转换成“介词+which”的形式。例如:TheAmericansoldiersrushedintothePresidentMansionwhere/inwhichtheyfoundthosegoldbars.美国士兵冲进总统官邸,在那里他们发现了那些金条。
3.当表示地点的先行词在从句中不是作状语,而是作主语、宾语或表语时,必须用关系代词that或which引导定语从句,而不是用where。
试比较:
TheYangtzeGorgesisabeautifulplace(that/which)peopleallovertheworldlookforwardtovisiting.
长江三峡是个美丽的地方,全世界的人都渴望来参观。
TheYangtzeRiverisourmotherriverwheretheChinesepeoplehavecreatedthebrilliantChinesecivilization.
长江是我们的母亲河,中华民族在那里创造了灿烂的华夏文明。
在第一句的定语从句中,visiting是一个及物动词,必须带宾语,而关系副词where不能作宾语,所以只能用which或that引导,而且二者可以省略;在第二句的定语从句中,不缺主语、宾语、表语,所以用where作状语。
关系副词when引导的定语从句
1.当先行词是表示时间的名词,如time,day,year,month,week等,同时又在从句中作状语时,定语从句需要用关系副词when引导。
例如:Galileolivedatatimewhenthehumanspiritwaswakingafterathousandyearsofsleep.
伽利略生活的时代是人类灵魂经过了千年沉睡之后正在苏醒的时代。
2.与where一样,引导定语从句的when也可以转换成“介词+which”的形式。
例如:AlltheChinese,athomeandabroad,willforeverrememberthedatewhen/onwhichtheRedFive-starFlagwasraisedinHongKong.
海内外的所有华人都不会忘记五星红旗在香港的土地上升起时的日子。
3.当先行词为thetime,themoment,theday,theminute等时,关系副词when可以省略,也可以用that引导。
例如:Themoment(that/when)Iturnedround,shehadleftanddisappearedinthecrowd.
当我转过身来时,她已经离开并消失在人群中了。
Doyoustillrememberthedaywegottoknoweachother﹖
你还记得我们彼此相识的那一天吗?
这时的定语从句(省略了when或that),实际上已经是一个时间状语从句了。
4.当表示时间的先行词在从句中不是作状语,而是作主语、宾语或表语时,必须用关系代词that或which引导定语从句,而不是用when。
例如:Thefilmremindedmeofthosemiserabledays(that/which)Ispentinmychildhood.
这部电影使我想起了我童年时代度过的那些苦难日子。
关系副词why引导的定语从句
1.当先行词是表示原因的名词reason时,定语从句需要用关系副词why引导,此时的定语从句说明先行词的内容。
例如:Doyouknowthereasonwhythereareheatlossesinasteamengine﹖
你知道蒸汽机中存在热损耗的原因吗?
2.我们也可以用forwhich来替代why。
例如:Thereasonwhy/forwhichyoufailed,Ithink,wasthatyouhadturnedadeafeartoyourmother’sadvice.
我认为你失败的原因是你不听你母亲的忠告。
注意:在“thereasonwhysb.doessth.isthat?从句”的结构中,that不能换成because。
初学定语从句时,同学们易犯的错误归纳起来有语义重复、主谓不一致及引导词的误用等。同学们可以先试着找出下列这些句子中的错误并加以改正,然后参阅题后的分析。
1.ThewomanwhichwasinterviewedonCCTVlastnightwasthelateUSPresidentNixon’sdaughter.
分析:定语从句的引导词有两大类:一类是关系代词,包括that,which,who,whom和whose。当先行词是指人的名词或代词时,要用who,whom或whose来引导定语从句,并且,它们分别在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语;当先行词是指事物的名词或代词时,要用which来引导定语从句;而that既可以指人,又可以指物。另一类是关系副词,常用的有where(表地点),when(表时间)及why(表原因)。本例中的先行词指人,所以应把which改成who或that。
2.ThemaintopicpeoplearetalkingaboutitatpresentistheconstructionoftheYangtseThreeGorgesDam.
分析themaintopic是先行词,peopleare...aboutitatpresent是定语从句,其中关系代词that或which在句中作介词about的宾语,被省略了。所以it是重复的成分,应该去掉。初学者很容易犯语意重复的错误,应当十分注意。
3.Godblessthisshipandallthatsailsinher!分析当关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,从句的谓语动词应与先行词的数保持一致。本例先行词是一个表复数概念的代词all,所以定语从句的谓语动词sails应该用复数,即sail。句意是:上帝保佑这条船和所有乘船的人吧!关于主谓一致,有一个特例值得注意。见第4例。
4.FranklinD.RooseveltwastheonlyoneoftheUSpresidentsthatwereinofficefor4terms.
分析当先行词是“theonlyoneofthe+复数名词”时,定语从句的谓语动词要与one保持一致,用单数?当先行词是“oneofthe+复数名词”时,定语从句的谓语动词要与复数名词保持一致,用复数。
例如:TheGreatWallisoneoftheman-madeconstructionsthathavebeenseenfromspace.
5.Thespeedatthattherocketcanescapefromtheearthis11.2kilometerspersecond.
分析当介词提前时,不能用关系代词that或who引导定语从句,而应该用which或whom。这儿的先行词speed是表事物的名词,所以应该把that改成which,而且不能省略(因为直接在介词后)。句意是:火箭的逃逸速度是每秒11.2公里。
6.Thisisanewtypeofairplane,whichpartsareallmadeathome.
分析不管先行词是指人还是物,关系代词在从句中作定语时,都必须用whose;但是指物时,还可以用“the+名词+ofwhich”的形式表示。故本例可改成:Thisisanewtypeofairplane,whosepartsareallmadeathome.或者Thisisanewtypeofairplane,thepartsofwhichareallmadeathome.
7.Anythingwhichexistsintheuniversehasitstwosides.
分析当先行词是表事物的不定代词,如all,everything,anything...时,关系代词要用that,而不用which,故本句要把关系代词which改为that。
8.WhateverSaddamdidcouldn’tchangeUSmindtoattackIraq,thatwehadexpected.
分析that不能用来引导非限定性定语从句。本定语从句的先行词是一个先行句,即前面整个句子,所以本从句中的关系代词that必须改为which。当然也可以用when,where,who(m)等引导非限定性定语从句,而且不可省略,whom也不能用who代替。
例如:Mr.Robert,whomI’llinvitetomynewhouse,isafamouslawyerofourcity.
9.RecentlyIhavebeenreadingagoodbook,itwasabouttherelationshipbetweenmanandnature.
分析该句中前后两句之间为逗号,且无连接词,故后一句应是一个非限定性定语从句,修饰先行词book,所以it应改为which。
定语从句是历年高考试题的考查热点之一,下面就定语从句应特别注意的几个问题加以举例分析:
Ⅰ.关系代词which
1.TheGreenswillmoveintothenewhousenextMonday,___itwillbecompletelyfinished.A.bythetimeB.bywhichtimeC.thatD.which
2.Waterboilsat100℃,_____itchangestogas.A.atwhichtemperatureB.atwhichC.bywhichtemperature D.bywhich析:which引导定语从句时,在从句中除了作主语或宾语外,还可以作定语修饰名词,常用于“介词+which+名词”结构中,相当于“and+介词+this/that+名词”。所以例1选B;例2选A。
Ⅱ.关系副词when
例1.Couldyousuggestatime__itwouldfityoutovisitusandtryoutthemachine﹖
例2.Thinkofatime___youwerehappiest.(Senior3,L93)
例3.Therewasatime_____allscientistswerewillingtosharetheirresults.(Senior3,L3)A.thatB.whenC.whichD.where
析:当先行词为atime(一段时间)时,引导定语从句的关系词常用when,而不采用that,故以上例题均选B。在我们课本中类似的句子还有:①Thiswasatatimewhentherewasnoradio,TVorcinema.(Senior2,L70)②It’saboutatimewhentherewereblackslavesinNorthAmerica.(Senior1,L53)
Ⅲ.关系代词but
例:Thereisnoone_____wishespeace.A.whoB.butC.thatD.whom
析:本题句意为“没有人不希望和平。”but作关系代词,在定语从句中作主语。but相当于who/thatdon’t/doesn’t,but本身含有否定意义。故本题选B。
Ⅳ.定语从句与强调句及其他从句的混合
例1.Itwasinthesmallhouse____wasbuiltwithstonesbyhisfather____hespenthischildhood.A.whichthatB.thatwhereC.whichwhichD.wherethat
析:分析句子结构可知,本句的主句为强调句型,第一空应由关系代词引导定语从句修饰先行词house。故本题选A。
例2.Themeetingwasputoff,____wasexactly____wewanted.
A.which?whichB.as?thatC.which?whatD.it?that
析:由题意可知,第一空应由关系代词which引导非限制性定语从句,第二空应由what引导表语从句。故本题选C。
练习:从A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1.Don’tcallbetween12o’clockand1o’clock,_____Iamusuallyhavinglunch.
A.atwhichB.duringwhichtimeC.bywhichtimeD.bywhich
2.Thesongissopopular_____thereisnooneinourclass_____likesit.
A.thatwhoB.thatbutC.whichwhoD.whichbut
3.Itissuchagoodplace_____everybodywantstovisit____itiswell-knownallovertheworld.
A.which,?thatB.as,?asC.as,?thatD.that,?as
4.Wearelivinginanage____manythingsaredoneoncomputer.(北京2003春)A.whichB.thatC.whoseD.when
(keys:BBCD)
非限制性定语从句
非限制性定语从句和主句之间常用逗号隔开,它与主句的关系不十分密切,只对先行词作补充或附加说明,如省略,也不影响主句意思的表达。如:Water,whichisaclearliquid,hasmanyuses.上述例子作如下改动,句子意思仍然完整:Waterhasmanyuses.
一、关于引导非限制性定语从句的关系代词,须注意以下三点:
1.引导非限制性定语从句的关系代词在指物时,只能用which,而不能用that;关系代词which既可指代先行词,也可指代前面整个句子的内容。
如:HelivesinWeifang,whichisonlyanhour’sridefromhere.
(关系代词which在定语从句中作主语,指代主句中的Weifang。)
Ihavelostmypen,whichIlikeverymuch.
(关系代词which在定语从句中作宾语,指代主句中的pen。)
NewConceptEnglishisintendedforforeignstudents,whichisknowntoallofus.
(关系代词which在定语从句中作主语,指代整个主句的内容。)
2.关系代词which和as引导非限制性定语从句时的区别:as有“正如……”、“就像……”的意思,而which没有;as引导非限制性定语从句时,在定语从句中作主语或宾语,可以放在主句之前或之后;而which引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在主句之后。
如:Asisknowntoall,heisthebeststudentinourclass.
(as指代整个主句,在定语从句中作主语。)
Heopposedtheidea,ascouldbeexpected.(as指代整个主句,在定语从句中作主语。)
常用的这种句式有:asweallknow,asisknowntoall,asissaidabove,asisalreadymentionedabove,asisoftenthecase,asisreportedinthenewspaper等。
3.在非限制性定语从句中,修饰人并在从句中作主语时用关系代词who,作宾语时用关系代词whom。
如:Ourguide,whowasaFrenchCanadian,wasanexcellentcook.
SheislikeMissCarter,whomIusedtomeetinBoston.
二、在下列情况下必须使用非限制性定语从句
1.当先行词为专有名词或球类、疾病、学科等独一无二的事物时。
如:HecaughtSARS,whichthreatenedpeoplealot.
TheywillflytoParis,wheretheyplantostaytwoorthreedays.
Football,whichisnowplayedinover100countries,isthemostpopulargameintheworld.
2.当主句内容完整,先行词意义明确时。
如:Hishouse,whichwasfinishedonlyamonthago,wasburntdowntothegroundlastnight.
Wewillputofftheoutinguntilnextweek,whenwewon’tbesobusy.
3.当定语从句修饰整个主句时。
如:Theyhaveinvitedmetovisittheircountry,whichisverykindofthem.
Theymovedthefallentree,whichtookthemalongtime.
4.当定语从句修饰主句中的一部分时。
如:Shewasverypatienttowardsthechildren,whichherhusbandseldomwas.
5.当定语从句由“代词/数词/名词/形容词比较级、最高级等+of+which/whom”引导时。
如:Chinahashundredsofislandsoffitssoutheastcoast,thelargestofwhichisTaiwan.
Chaplindirectedalargenumberoffilms,mostofwhichweresilent.
三、非限制性定语从句与限制性定语从句的区别
限制性定语从句,顾名思义,是对先行词从本质或特征上进行限制的一种定语从句,它所修饰的词代表一个(些)或一类特定的人或事、物。例如:Amanwhodoesn’twanttolearnfromotherscan’tachievemuch.
一个不向别人学习的人是不能指望有多大成就的。
Aman被限定后,指一类特定的人。
限制性定语从句是不能去掉的,否则剩下的部分就失去意义而不能成立。非限制性定语从句则不然,它只对所修饰的词作进一步的说明,去掉之后并不影响整个句子的含义。在形式上,非限制性定语从句与主句之
间通常必须有逗号隔开。
例如:FinallywevisitedtheGiantYangtzeGorgesDam,whichisthegreatestkeywatercontrolprojectintheworldatpresent.
最后我们参观了长江三峡大坝,它是目前世界上最大的水利枢纽工程。
本句若去掉定语从句,主句部分的含义仍然完整。历年的高考题中,非限制性定语从句是出现频率最高的考点之一,因此值得我们注意。
四、引导非限制性定语从句的which可以指代前面的先行词,也可以指代前面整个句子。
例如:ThatPeterwillmarryAlice,whichhasnotbeenannouncedyet,hasspreadaround.
彼特要娶爱丽斯这件事还没宣布,却已被传得沸沸扬扬。
句子中的which指代“彼特要娶爱丽斯”这件事。
五、除which外,还可用when,where,who,whom等关系副词或关系代词引导非限制性定语从句。
例如:Aftergraduation,IdecidedtostayinChongqing,whereIspentmychildhoodandfouryearsofcollegelife.
毕业后,我决定留在重庆,在那里我度过了我的童年和四年大学生活。

AlbertEinsteinleftGermanyfortheUnitedStatesduringWorldWarII,whenJewswerebadlytreatedinGermany.
第二次世界大战期间,爱因斯坦离开德国去了美国,那时犹太人在德国受到极大的歧视。

注意:that不能引导非限制性定语从句。
六、在限制性定语从句中,如果先行词作宾语时,引导词可以省略;但引导非限制性定语从句的引导词不能省,同时关系代词whom不能用who替换。
试比较:TheAmericanjournalist(whom/who)theannouncermentionedinthenewsbroadcastissaidtohavebeenkilledbythegangsters.
播音员在新闻广播中提到的那位美国记者据说已经被匪徒杀害了。
Hewaseagertogotothehospitaltoseehisstepmother,whomhelovedandrespectedashisownmother.
他急于想去医院看望他的继母,他像对亲生母亲一样爱戴和尊敬她。
巩固练习(多数为历年高考题):从A、B、C、D中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1.Sheheardtheterriblenoise,_____broughtherheartintohermouth.
A.itB.whichC.thisD.that
2.Dorothywasalwaysspeakinghighlyofherroleintheplay,____,ofcourse,madetheothersunhappy.
A.whoB.whichC.thisD.what
3.Theweatherturnedouttobeverygood,____wasmorethanwecouldexpect.
A.whatB.whichC.thatD.it
4.RecentlyIboughtanancientChinesevase,____wasveryreasonable.
A.whichpriceB.thepriceofwhich
B.itspriceD.thepriceofwhose
5.Theyoungestnursehasworkedfor30daysintheSARShospital,___shespenther19thbirthday.
A.thatB.whichC.whereD.and(keys:bbbbc)

(教师用)高一英语讲学案
M1U1ProjectPeriods8-9
Teachingobjectives:
TheprojectinthisunitisdesignedtohelpstudentsuseEnglishthroughdoingaproject.Thetworeadingmaterialsaboutschoolclubsherearesamplesforstudentstolearnhowtodevelopafter-schoolactivitiesandformaschoolclub.Studentsareencouragedtodesignaposteradvertisinganewschoolclub.
本课时要求掌握的词汇主要有:runallowselectrequiregroup
短语:
muchmorethanso…thatinform…ofreadoutberequiredtobeallowedto
makepreparationsforgivetosuchas

Teachingprocedures:
Step1Brainstorming
1.T:Inthelastperiod,youfinishyourtaskofwritinganoticeaboutattendingfivetalks.Iamsureyouwillhaveawonderfultimenextmonth!
Oftenstudentswiththesameinterestwillformaclub,forexample,Englishcorner.Whatclubwouldyouhaveifyoucouldstartaschoolclubwithyourclassmates?
S1:Iwanttostartakongfuclub.
T:Wonderful!Anyreasons?
S1:IloveChineseGongfu.
T:Whataboutyou?
S2:Iwouldliketostartafootballclub.
T:Helen,shareyourideaswithus,please?
S3:Iwanttostartasinging/calligraphyclub.
……
T:Verygood!Whatdoweneedifwewanttosetupaclub?
S4:…
T:Howmanymembersdoyouexpectinyourclub?
S5:…
T:Howwillyouattractsomanymembers?
Readthetwoarticleswrittenbytwostudentsbeforeyoureadtheoutline.Theywillgiveyousomeideasofwhatschoolclubarelike.
Step2.Reading
PassageA
Havestudentsreadthefirstpassage,whichisaboutaschoolradioclubrunbystudentsthemselves.Askthemtofindoutasmuchinformationastheycanabouttheradioclub.
1)Whostartedtheradioclub:(KateJones,thewriter)
2)Whentheradioclubstarted:(twoyearsago)
3)Whytheradioclubstarted:(CDplayerswerenotallowedinschool;toplaymusicduringbreaktime)
4)Whattheradioclubdoes:
everymorning:(tellabouttheweather,therecentnews,specialmessagestheteacherswanttobroadcast)
duringexamtime:(thespecialprogrammetellingstudentswhattheyshouldandshouldntdo)
attheendoftheschoolyear:(graduatingstudentsgivingmessagestotheirfriendsandteachers)
whenparentscome:(playingsongssungbystudents,specialmessagestoinformpeopleaboutevents)
PassageB
Havestudentsreadthesecondpassage,whichisaboutaschoolclub.Askthemtofindoutasmuchinformationastheycanabouttheschoolclub.
1)Thenameoftheschoolclub:(PoetsoftheNextGeneration)
2)Whostartedtheschoolclub:(Mr.Owen,theEnglishteacher)
3)Whenthemembersoftheschoolclubmeet:(thelastFridayofeverymonth)
4)Whatthemembersoftheschoolclubdo:(talkaboutpoemsandpoetstheylike,selectpoems,readoutaloud,writepoemsandreadout)
Step3Languagepoints(附后)
Step4Practice
Askstudentswhattheythinkaboutthetwoarticles.StudentscandoPartB1onpage87inWorkbook,sotheywillknowhowtousetheusefulphrasesinthetwopassages.
ThenletthemreadPartB2onthesamepagetoidentifythedifferentusagesoftalk,tell,speak,sayandread.
Toreviewthewordsandsentencepatternsinthisunit,studentscandoPartsD1andD2onpage89inWorkbookastheirhomework.
Answer
PartB1(page87)
1readsout3suchas5isallowedto7givesto
2informof4arerequiredto6makingpreparationsfor8muchmorethan
PartB2(page87)
1talk3tell5said7saytalkedtalked9read
2readspoke4speak6speak8told
PartD1(page89)
Iexciting3achieving5selected7attend
2prepare4clubs6Literature8experience
PartD2(page89)
1Ithinkthebestwaytoprotecttheenvironmentistoplantmoretrees.
2Goingtotheparkforapicnicontheweekendsoundslikeagoodidea.
3InsummerholidayshespentmostofhistimesurfingtheInternet.
4Thegirlwhousedtobeamodelisnowafamousactress.
5Talktohermore,andyouwillfindthatsheisntasbadasyouthoughtshewas.
6Asitwasgettingdark,Idecidedtofindaplacetostay.
7Stopshouting!Youaregivingmeaheadache,saidmotherangrily.
8Thoughitisdifficulttoimproveyourhandwritinginsuchashorttime,youshouldstillkeeppractising.

Step3.Languagepoints
1.Wehavearadiostationinourschool.Itisgreatbecauseitisrunbythestudentsfor
theschool.(18)
我们学校有一家广播电台。因为有学生为学校管理,所以它很了不起。
▲runvt.
(1)管理,经营
(2)开动(机器等);驾驶
(3)使……跑
(4)在……上跑来跑去,跑过
①Whoisrunningthisrestaurant?谁经营这家餐馆?
②Somestudentswillrunafactory.有些学生要办一家工厂。
③Icannotrunaforklift.我不会开叉车。
④Theyranthehorsesaroundthetrack.他们策马绕着跑道跑。
⑤Weranthecourse.我们沿那条道跑。
[知识拓展]
runafever发烧runatax驾驶出租车
runaschool办学校runthestreets(小孩子)在街上玩耍;流浪街头
runarace参加赛跑runabath把浴缸放满水

2.ItstartedtwoyearsagoasCDplayerswerenotallowedinschool.(18)
它始于两年前,因为那时学校里不让带CD机。
▲allowvt..允许
(1)allow+n.
(2)allow+doing
(3)allowsb.todo
[知识拓展]
注意:allow后不接todo作宾语。
①Aredogsallowedintotheshop?允许狗进店吗?
②Theydon’tallowsmokinghere.他们不允许在这儿抽烟。
[即学即用]
翻译:
①你的计划上只容许我们5分钟的准备时间。

Unit 1 Great Scientists教学设计1


TeachingplanofBook5
Unit1GreatScientists
TeachingGoals:
1.EnabletheSstofamiliarwithsomefamousscientistsandtheircontributions.
2.EnabletheSstolearnhowtoorganizeascientificresearch.
3.LettheSslearnthereadingskillofgettingthemainideaofeachpara./partthoughtwithoutlearningisperilous(危险的)
3.Toknowthediseaseishalfthecure.找出病根等于医治了一半。
Step6Homework
1.PreviewthereadingpassageJohnSnowDefeats“KingCholera”(p2)
2.Speakingtask(p46)writesomekeywordstotheQstohelpyourtalkonyourbookandpreparetointroducethescientistyouadmiremosttotheclass
3.Readnotes①--⑨toUnit1,p76-77
4.ListeningexerciseP41,Ex1抬起;提升
3.steamengine蒸汽机
4.physicalcharacteristic人体的特征
5.putforwardatheoryaboutblackholes
提出一个有关黑洞的理论
6.infectiousdisease传染性的疾病
7.inscientificresearch在科学研究上
8.examineanewscientificidea
验证一个新的科学思想
9.drawaconclusion得出结论
10.analyzetheresults分析结果
11.awell-knowndoctor一个著名的医生
12.ordinarypeople百姓;普通人
13.expose(…)tosth.暴露(…..)在……中
14.themostdeadlydisease最致命的疾病
15.terrifiedpeople被吓坏的人们
16.getinterestedinsth./doingsth.对…产生兴趣
17.absorbsth.into…把….吸收入….
18.gathertheinformation收集信息
19.determinetodosth.决心干某事
20.avaluableclue一条珍贵的线索
21.thewaterpump水泵
22.inaddition(to…)除..…之外还有…
23.link…to…将…和…联系起来
(belinkedto…)
24.haveitdelivered(havesth.done)叫某人送东西
25.dieof…死于…
26.announcewithcertainty肯定地宣布
27.pollutedwater被污染的水
28.preventsb.fromdoingsth.阻止某人干某事
29.dealwith…处理……
30.solvetheproblem解决难题
Expressions此外(=exceptfor…)
5.preparefor…预备好….
6.bestrictwithsb.对某人严格要求
7.arevolutionarytheory一个革命性的理论
8.leadto…通向….;导致…(注意:to为介词)
9.makesense有意义
10.attimes=sometimes有时候
11.contributetosth.有助于;促进
12.encouragesb.todosth.鼓励某人做某事
13.pointofview观点
14.livingconditions居住条件
15.break…in/intopieces把…摔成碎块
16.bedevotedtosth./sb.专致于.;关心;挚爱…
17.devoteone’slifetodoingsth.献身于…..
18.curvedline曲线
19.achievegreatsuccess取得巨大的成功
StepIV.LanguagePoints
1.discover可以用inwhich;还可以省略.
Eg.Idon’tliketheway(that/inwhich)youspeaktoyourfather.
我不喜欢你跟你父亲讲话的方式.
与way相关的短语:
bytheway顺便说bywayof…通过……的方法,经,由
loseone’sway迷路noway(俚语)没门,别想
feelone’sway摸黑走,谨慎从事onone’swayto…在去…的路上
inthisway=bythismeans=withthismethod用这种方法
3.Whoputforwardatheoryaboutblackholes?谁提出了黑洞的理论?
putforward
(1)tooffer(anidea,suggestionetc.)forconsideration提出(建议等)
(2)推荐某人或自己任职位;提名
Eg.MayIputyournameforwardasourmonitor?我能否提名你当我们的班长?
putaway抛弃;舍弃putdown写下来;记入名单;
puton穿上;戴上;增加putoff耽误;延期
putout熄灭(灯);扑灭(火)putup建立;建造putupwith…忍受……
•Youcantakeanythingfromtheshelfandread,butplease______thebookswhenyou’vefinishedwiththem.
A.putonB.putdownC.putbackD.putoff
4.Thiswasthemostdeadlydiseaseofitsday.
die(v.)dead(adj.)death(n.)deadly(adj.)
adj.(1).dangerous;likelytocausedeath危险的;致命的adeadlydisease/weapon
(2).highlyeffectiveagainststh.orsb不强有力的;致命的adeadlyremark击中要害的评论
(3)aimingtokillordestroy意在杀死的;不共戴天的:adeadlyenemy不共戴天的敌人
adv.(1).Very极度;非常;十分:deadlyserious十分认真
(2).likedeath死一般地:deadlypale死一般苍白
5.Buthebecameinspiredwhenhethoughtabouthelpingordinarypeopleexposedtocholera.
expose在句中是过去分词作后置定语,表示被动.意为“患霍乱的”.
如:ThebookwrittenbyLuxunisverypopular.
exposev.
(1)tomakevisible暴露“expose….to….”eg.Heexposeshisskintothesun.他把皮肤暴露在阳光下.
(2)torevealtheguiltorwrongdoingof…揭露;揭发eg.Heexposedtheirplot.他揭穿了他们的阴谋.
Ithreatenedtoexposehim(tothepolice).我威胁要(向警察)揭发他.
exposeto使易受,使受exposeafraud揭穿骗局
exposesth.tothelightofday把某事暴露于光天化日之下
6.Somanythousandsofterrifiedpeoplediedeverytimetherewasanoutbreak.每次爆发霍乱时就有大批惊慌的老百姓病死.
everytime是连词,引导时间状语从句,意为“每次,每当”,如:
EverytimeImeethim,Ialwaysthinkofthethingshappenedbetweenus.
每次见到他,我就想起发生在我们之间的事情.
immediately,themoment,directly,instantly等都可以作连词,引导时间状语从句,意为“一……就……”,
eg.1)IwillgivethelettertohimimmediatelyIseehim.我一见到他就把这封信给他.
2)IcamedirectlyIgotyourletter.我一接到你的信就来了.
7.Thefirstsuggestedthatcholeramultipliedintheairwithoutreason.第一种看法是霍乱病毒在空气中无缘无故地繁殖着.(Suggest用法参考P43.4,并完成相关的练习)
8.absorbv.吸收(液体);承受;承担(费用等)
Eg.1)Usetheclothtoabsorbthespilledink.吸干撒的墨水
2)Wewillnotabsorbthesecharges.我们不能承担这些费用.
absorb…in/by..吸引.注意
eg.Iwasabsorbedinabookanddidn’thearyoucall.专心看书
absorb…into…吸收…
eg.Thebigcompanyhasgraduallyabsorbedthesesmallcompaniesintoitsownorganization.
这家大公司逐渐将这些小的公司吞并了。
9.valuable
(1)adj.worthalotofmoney值钱的;贵重的;有价值的
avaluablediamond贵重的宝石valuableinformation重大的消息
(2)n.(常用复数形式)sth.thatworthlotsofmoney贵重物品
Eg.Marykepthervaluablesinasafe.玛丽把她的贵重的东西藏在保险箱里.
10.inadditionadv.aswellas另外
Eg.1)Inaddition,thecoursealsoproducespracticalexperience.此外,这门功课还提供了实践的基础.
2)AnumberofpeoplecametothezooinadditiontoPeterandPaul.彼得和保尔以外,还有许多别的人来到动物园.
StepV.Practice
FinishtheexercisesonP4aboutGreatBritain;theUK.
Part2(Para.5):thegeographicaldivisionofEnglandintozones;theirsimilaritiesanddifferences.
Part3(Para.6):theculturalimportanceofLondon.
Step2.Teachingnewwordsandstructures
1.consistvi.组成;在于;存在于
常用搭配:consistof=bemadeupof由……组成;由……构成
Eg.TheteamconsistsoffourEuropeansandtwoAmericans.
Thecommitteeconsistsofsevenmembers.
consistin=liein在于;存在于
eg.Whatdoeshappinessconsistin?
ThebeautyofVeniceconsistinthestyleofitsancientbuildings.
2puzzle1)n.迷;难题;玩具;迷惑(只用单数)
aChinesepuzzle(中国玩具)复杂难懂之事
across-wordpuzzle(纵横填字游戏)
常用搭配:beinapuzzleabout对……大惑不解
Iaminapuzzleaboutthematter.我对这件事大惑不解。
2)vt.常用搭配:puzzlesb./bepuzzledwith使……迷惑;对……大惑不解
Thequestionpuzzledme./Iampuzzledwiththequestion.这个问题使我很迷惑。
3)vi.puzzleover苦思……
Ipuzzledoverthequestionforquiteawhile.这个问题我想了好半天。
3.clarifyvt.,vi.解释;澄清;阐明
clarifymatters澄清真相
Thegovernmenthastimeandagainclarifieditspositiononequalpayforwomen?
政府已经反复阐明政府对男女同工同酬的立场。
Hismindsuddenlyclarified.他的头脑突然清醒了。
4.conveniencen.适合;方便
Weboughtthishouseforitsconvenience.
我们买下这所房子为的是它方便。
Whenandwherewillitsuityourconvenienceforournextmeeting?
"我们下次见面什么时候,什么地点对你方便?"
Pleasecomeatyourconvenience.请在你方便的时候前来。
常用搭配:forone’sconvenience为……方便
forconvenience’ssake为方便起见
atone’sconvenience在……方便的时候
拓展:convenientadj.方便的;便利的
Ourhouseisconvenientfortheshops.
常用搭配:beconvenienttosb.对……方便
Itisconvenientforsb.todosth.某人做……是方便的
Isitconvenientforyoutocometomorrow?你明天来方便吗?
5.attractionn.吸引,吸引力;吸引人的东西;引力
Theideaofworkingforstate-ownedenterpriseshaslittleattractiontoyoungpeoplenowadays.
现时去国营企业就职的想法对年青人没有多大吸引力。
Thetidesarecausedbytheattractionofthemoonfortheearth.
潮汐是由月亮对地球的引力引起的。
Abigcityoffersmanyandvariedattractions.大城市有多种多样吸引人的东西。
拓展:attractv.吸引
attractiveadj.有吸引力的
常用搭配:haveattractionforsth.对……有吸引力
attractone’sattention吸引某人的注意力
beattractedtosth.被……所吸引
6.influence1)n.(常与on连用)影响力;感化力
Myteachersinfluencemademestudyscienceatcollege.由于我老师的影响,我上大学学了理科。
Manyawomanhashadcivilizinginfluenceuponherhusband.许多妇女对其丈夫有影响。
2)n.(常与over,with连用)权力;势力
Willyouexerciseyourinfluenceonmybehalf?你愿意运用你的权力给我帮忙吗?
3).vt.影响
Myteacherinfluencedmydecisiontostudyscience.我的老师对我学理科的决定起了影响作用。
常用搭配:undertheinfluenceof受到……的影响
influenceon/upon对……的影响
注意:influence可以表示长期以来给人思想上以潜移默化的影响;还指影响力;而affect可指对具体事物的影响,或对人的思想感情产生了影响.
Iwasdeeplyaffectedbythenews
我深深被这消息所感动.
7.YoumustkeepyoureyesopenifyouaregoingtomakeyourtriptotheUnitedKingdomworthwhile.如果想使你在英国的旅程有意义,你必须睁大双眼。
解读:1)句中的keepyoureyesopen和makeyourtripworthwhile都是“动词+宾语+形容词作宾补”结构。
Hefoundtheroomopen.他发现房间是开着的。
Therainmadethegroundwet.雨使地面浸湿了。
2)worthwhileadj.值得做的,常用于Itisworthwhiletodosth./doingsth.中。
Idon’tthinkitisworthwhile.我认为不值得做这件事。
Itisworthwhilediscussing/todiscussthequestion.讨论一下这个问题是值得的。
注意:worth,worthy和worthwhile的区别
worth现在英语中被看作介词,因为它后面必须带名词或动名词。后接动名词时以主动形式表达被动的意思,接名词时须接表示价值、代价的名词。
worthy是形容词,在句中作表语或定语。作表语时,用beworthyof+n./doingsth.或beworthytobedone结构。
Thisbookiswellworthreading.这本书很值得一读。
Thisdictionaryisworthtenyuan.这本字典值10元。
Theplaceisworthyofavisit/beingvisited.这个地方是值得参观的。
Thissuggestionisworthytobeconsidered.这个建议是值得考虑的。
Step5.Exercise
单句改错
Theforeignertriedhisbesttomakehispointbeunderstood.(删去be)
Theyfoundapieceofropewithoneendtyinginacircle.(tired)
Theybothspentthenightlockingintheroom.(locked)
Whatkeptyousoexciting?(excited)
Inoticedthetrafficholdingupafterabadaccident.(held)
Itisagreatc_______tohaveacellphone.
Generallyspeaking,studentsarei__________bytheirteachersinworldandsactions.
Don’tinterruptme!Iamdoingawordp________.
Imust_________(澄清)myreasonsfornothavingattendedthemeeting.
Tobehonest,Ican’ttellwhatthea________ofthisfamouspaintinghas.
convenience2.influenced3.puzzle4.clarify5.attraction
Step6.Homework
Writeashortsummaryofthepassage.

Period3learningaboutlanguageandGrammar
Teachinggoals
1.Learnabouttheappositiveclause.
2.Identifynounclauses.
3.Enablestudentstousenewwords.
Teachingprocedures
Step1Reviewthevocabularyandcompletethesentences.
a.Studentsworkinpairsfirst.
b.Theteacherchecktheanswers.
Step2Brainstorming
a.Reviewthetextandpresenttheappositiveclausebyaskingquestions:
1.Whatimpressesyoumostinthepassage?
Thefactthat¡¬impressesmemost.
2.Whathaveyoualreadyknownbeforereadingthepassage?
Ihaveknownthefactthat¡¬
3.DidyouhearanynewsaboutBritainrecently?
Iheardthenewsthat¡¬
b.Collectanswersasmanyaspossible,remindingstudents
ofsentencestructureiffinderrors.

Step3GrammarExplanation
a.Getstudentstoidentifytheclauses.
c.Trytomakestudentstellthedifferencesbetweenappositiveclauseandattributiveclausebycomparingthesentences.
1.Thenewsthattheplanewouldtakeoffontimemadeeverybodyhappy.
2.Thenewsthatisspreadingaroundtheairportisthataheavystormiscoming.
3.Thesuggestionthatstudentsshouldlearnsomethingpracticalisworthconsidering.
4.Thesuggestionthattheyareconsideringisthatstudentsshouldlearnsomethingpractical.
c.Theteacheroffersexplanationifnecessary.
Step4Tellthefunctionofthefollowingsentences.
1.TheideathatGreatBritainismadeupofthreecountries¡¯Corner,BigBenandtheTowerofLondonispast.
2.ThefactthatGreatBritainismadeupofthreecountriesisstillunknowntomany.
3.TheresultofsomuchFrenchinfluencewasthattheEnglishlanguageendedupwithmanyFrenchwordssuchastable,animalandage.
4.SomepeoplefeelthatWalesisanancientfairyland.
5.ThatmostofthesearenowthreatenedandmaydisappearisaseriousmattertothepeopleinBritain.
6.Theyrealizethatitisofgreatvaluetorecordandteachthemtotheyoungergeneration.
Step5Consolidation
Consolidatewhathavebeenlearnedbydoingfurtherexercises.

Period4Usinglanguage(Reading:SightseeinginLondon)
Step1Revision:WhatisLondonfamousfor?
BigBen,LondonTowerBridge,HydePark,etc
Step2Newwordsstudy.
Step3Readthepassageandanswerthesequestions
1WhobuilttheTowerofLondon?Whenwasitbuilt?
2.WhoguardedtheQueen’sjewels?Whatkindofclothesdidtheywear?
3.Whatinterestedhermost?Whatkindoflineisit?
4.whichplacesdidshevisitonthelastday?
5.Whatseemedstrangetoher?
Step4MakealistofZhangPingyu’stourofLondonandacommentoneachplaceshevisited.
sitesofLondoncomments

劝学1


教学目标

知识目标:

1.了解《荀子》及相关知识。

2.掌握并积累重要的文言文实词和虚词。

3.掌握本文出现的通假字、词类活用和特殊文言句式。

能力目标:

学习本文比喻论证、对比论证的方法,提高学生围绕中心论点合理论证的能力。

德育目标:

明确认识学习的重要性以及学习必须“积累”“坚持”“专一”的道理。

教学过程

第一课时

一、导入新课

“青出于蓝而胜于蓝”“锲而不舍”是同学们早已熟悉的两个成语,这两个成语的含义是什么呢?和学习有什么关系呢?我们一起来学习《荀子·劝学》一文,领略一下荀子是如何“劝学”的。

1.介绍《荀子》

学生看课本注①,教师补充。

荀子(约前313~前238),名况,战国末期赵国人。著名思想家、文学家、时人尊称为“荀卿”,汉代著作因避汉宣帝刘询讳,写作“孙卿”。曾三次出任齐国稷下学官祭酒,后为楚兰陵令。韩非和李斯均是他的学生。他是先秦儒家的最后代表人物,继承了孔子学说,又能扬弃其消极成分,并批判吸收各学派的思想学说,成为先秦朴素唯物主义思想的代表人物。其散文说理透彻,气势雄浑,语言质朴,句法简练缜密,多排比,善譬喻。《荀子》一书共32篇,其中26篇为荀子所著,末6篇或为其门人弟子所记。

2.题解

《劝学》是《荀子》第一篇,“劝”是“劝勉”的意思。《劝学》论述了学习的意义、作用、方法和态度,反映了先秦儒家在教育方面的某些正确观点,也体现了作为先秦诸子思想集大成者的荀子文章的艺术风格。

二、课文诵读

1.教师范读课文

学生纠正自己预习时的读音错误及断句不当之处。

2.学生自由朗读课文

3.检查学生字音掌握情况

给下列加下划线字注音,并注明通假字

(1)故不积跬步,无以至千里()

(2)吾尝跂而望矣()

(3)锲而不舍,金石可镂()

(4)其曲中规()

(5)虽有槁暴()()

(6)则知明而行无过矣()

(7)君子生非异也()

明确:(1)kuǐ(2)qì(3)lòu(4)zhòng(5)yòu通“又”;pù(6)zhì通“智”(7)xìng通“性”

4.指名2~3名学生朗读课文(分节读)

教师作朗读提示:

为了突出强调,有时需重读,有时还需读后稍作停顿。例,第一段:“学不可以已”,应重读“学”“不”“已”,并且“学”后稍作停顿,即:“学/不可以已”,以下要根据文意自己确定重读,停顿情况。第四段,应注意一组一组的对比句,要把两种截然不同的方法和态度读出来——严格按标点符号的停顿来读。

5.分组齐读课文(通过读、听,强化记忆)

三、课文分析

1.讨论、分析全文的思路结构

(1)本文的中心论点是什么?作者是从哪几个方面来阐述这个观点的?

引导学生讨论分析,教师总结、点拨:本文的中心论点是“学不可以已”。就是学习不可以停止,不可以放松,不可以半途而废。这一中心论点,是从学习的意义、学习的作用、学习的方法和态度三个方面来论述的。

课文一开头提出“学不可以已”这一论点后,接着从三个角度展开论述:在第二段中,学习可以使人“知明而行无过’,说明学习具有重大的意义,从而证明“学不可以已”的论点是正确的。第三段,学习使本性与一般人没有差别的人成为君子,说明学习具有重大的作用,证明“学不可以已”的论点是正确的。第四段,学习应持注重积累、持之以恒、专心致志的方法和态度,半途停止是不会学好的,只有“学而不已”才能成功,从而证明“学不可以已”的论点是正确的。

(2)结合完成“思考和练习一”,引导学生理清全文思路结构

组内讨论,全班交流,教师归纳板书

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