一名优秀的教师就要对每一课堂负责，作为教师就要精心准备好合适的教案。教案可以让学生能够听懂教师所讲的内容，帮助教师营造一个良好的教学氛围。那么如何写好我们的教案呢？下面的内容是小编为大家整理的Unit 4 Astronomy: the science of the stars grammar 教案，欢迎大家阅读，希望对大家有所帮助。

Unit4Astronomy:thescienceofthestars
grammar
Teachinggoals
1Targetlanguage
a重点词汇和短语
suffer,settle,realize,worryabout,havegotto,tieup
b重点句子：
Hewasverydisappointed.
Whatitwastobecomewasamystery.
Tosavemoney,youmustuseasfewwordsaspossible.
c.Practisetalkingaboutproblemsinstudyorlife
Myproblemis…Thedifficultyis…Mytroubleis…
Thequestionis…Myadviceis…WhatIthinkaboutitis…
Thefactis…Mysuggestionis…
2Abilitygoals
LearntouseNounClausesasthesubject..
3Learningabilitygoals
LetSslearnhowtouseNounClausesasthesubject
Teachingimportantpoints
theuseofNounClausesasthesubject
Teachingdifficultpoints
HowtoteachtheSstolearntouseNounClausesasthesubject
Teachingmethods
Learngrammarthroughpractice
Teachingaids
computer
Teachingprocedures
Step1Revision
1.Checkretellingofthepassage.
Theexplosionoftheearthproducedwatervapor,whichturnedintowaterwhentheearthcooleddown.Waterallowedtheearthtodissolveharmfulgasesintotheoceansandseas.Thatmadeitpossibleforlifetobegintodevelop.Thearrivalofsmallplantsencouragedthedevelopmentofearlyshellfishandallsortsoffish.Manymillionsofyearslaterthefirstgreenplantsbegantoappearonland.Laterlandanimalsappeared.Somewereinsects.Others,calledamphibians,wereabletoliveonlandaswellasinthesea.Whentheplantsgrewintoforests,reptilesappearedforthefirsttime.Later,dinosaursdeveloped.Theybecamethemostimportantanimalsontheearthformillionsofyears.Aftertheydisappeared,mammalsbecamemoreimportant.Theywerethelastgroupofanimalsandtheyweredifferentbecausetheyproducedtheiryoungfromwithintheirbodies.Smallcleveranimals,withhandsandfeet,appearedandspreadallovertheearth.Astimewentby,theycoveredtheearthandhavebecomethemostimportantanimalsontheplanet.
2.Translatethefollowingsentences.
1.你迟早会成功的。
2.我的车与你的不一样。
3.站在门旁边的那个人是谁？
4.他总是第一个来，最后一个离开。
5.既然你已经长大了，你自己决定吧。
Suggestedanswers:
1.You’llsucceedintime.
2.Mycarisdifferentfromyours.
3.Whoisthepersonstandingbythedoor?
4.He’salwaysthefirsttocomeandthelasttoleave.
5.Nowthatyouhavegrownupyoucandecideityourself.
Step2Preparation
Showsomeexamplesentencesonthescreen.
1Atreehasfallenacrosstheroad.
2Youareastudent.
3Tofindyourwaycanbeaproblem.
4Smokingisbadforyou.
5“Howdoyoudo?”isagreeting.
6Whatshesaidisnotyetknown.
7Thatweshallbelateiscertain.
8It’scertainthatweshallbelate.
Whatpartdoestheunderlinedpartserveasineachsentence?Orfinditssubjectineachsentence.
Step3Grammar
定义：用作主语的从句叫主语从句，它是名词性从句之一。引导主语从句的连接词有：连词that,whether；连接代词who,what和which；连接副词when,where,how和why。
1)由what等代词引起的主语从句：
Whattheteachersaidtodaywasquiteright.老师今天说的话是十分正确的。
2)由连词that引起的主语从句：
Thattheyarebadlyinneedofhelpisquiteclear.他们急需帮助，这是十分明显的。
但是这类句子在大多数情况下会放到整个句子的后部去，而用代词it作形式主语。
3)由连接代词或连接副词以及whether引起的主语从句。
Whethertheywillsellthehouseisnotyetdecided.他们是否卖掉这所房子还没有决定。
4)whatever,whoever也可引导主语从句。
Whateverwassaidheremustbekeptsecret.这里说的话都应当保密。
Whoevermakesmistakesmustcorrectthem.凡犯了错误的人都必须改正。
注意:上述例句中的主语从句都是放在句首,但有时为了使句子结构平衡,避免“头重脚轻”,常用it作形式主语,而把从句放在后面。例如:
Itisapitythatshehasmadesuchamistake.她犯了这样一个错误,真是遗憾。
这样就构成了下面一些常用句型:
1)Itis+adj./n.+从句
Itisapity/shamethat...遗憾的是……
Itispossiblethat...很可能……
Itisunlikelythat...不可能……
2)It+不及物动词+从句
Itseems/appearsthat...似乎……
Ithappenedthat...碰巧……
3)It+be+过去分词+从句
Itissaidthat...据说……
Itisknowntoallthat...众所周知……
Itisreportedthat...据报道……
Itisbelievedthat...据信……;人们相信……
Itissuggestedthat...有人建议……
单个的主语从句作主语时谓语动词用单数；由and连接的两个主语从句作主语时，谓语动词用复数。
Step4practice
Ex1fillintheblanks.
1._____youdon’tlikehimisnoneofmybusiness.
2._____hesaidatthemeetingastonishedeverybodypresent
3.________the2008OlympicGameswillbeheldinBeijingisknown.
4.________we’llgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.
5.________leavestheroomlastoughttoturnoffthelights.
6.___isafactthatEnglishisbeingacceptedasaninternationallanguage.
7.Itworriedherabit____herhairwasturninggrey.
8.TheForeignMinistersaid,“__isourhopethatthetwosideswillworktowardspeace.”
9.AfterYangLiweisucceededincirclingtheearth,____ourastronautsdesiretodoiswalkinspace.
Ex2translation
1.谁赢了比赛还不知道。
_______________isunknown.
2.他所说的话是真的。
____________istrue.
3.我们要晚了，那是肯定无疑的。
_______________iscertain.
4.他去哪里还不清楚。
______________isnotclear.
5.很遗憾你不能来。
____________youcan’tcome.
Homework
Englishweeklypage4part3

精选阅读

Unit 4 Astronomy: the science of the stars教案2

Unit4Astronomy:thescienceofthestars

单元要览类别课程标准要求掌握的项目话题Scienceofthestars;thedevelopmentoflife;spacetravelandgravity词汇astronomyn.天文学existvi.存在;生存systemn.系统;体系;制度thusadv.因此;于是religionn.宗教;宗教信仰dioxiden.二氧化物theoryn.学说;理论biologyn.生物学atomn.原子biologistn.生物学家billionpron.（美）十亿puzzlen.迷;难题vt.（使）为难globen.球体;地球仪;地球gravityn.万有引力;重力violentadj.猛烈的;激烈的;强暴的floatvt.（使）漂浮n.漂浮物carbonn.碳gentleadj.温和的;文雅的atmospheren.大气层;气氛physicistn.物理学家unlikeprep.不同;不像climaten.气候fundamentaladj.基本的;基础的crashvt.坠落harmfuladj.有害的spaceshipn.宇宙飞船acidn.酸pulln.拖;牵引力chainn.链子;连锁;锁链satelliten.卫星;人造卫星multiplyvt.增加massn.质量;团;块;大量oxygenn.氧exhaustvt.用尽;耗尽短语solarsystem太阳系blockout挡住（光线）intime及时;终于cheerup感到高兴;感到振奋layeggs下蛋nowthat既然givebirthto产生;分娩breakout突发;爆发inone’sturn轮到某人;接着watchout密切注视;当心;提防carbondioxide二氧化碳prevent...from阻止;制止重要句型1.Whatitwastobecomewasuncertainuntilbetween4.5and3.8billionyearsagowhenthedustsettledintoasolidglobe.(betodo;what-clauseasthesubject)2.Theearthbecamesoviolentthatitwasnotclearwhethertheshapewouldlastornot.(so...that;itis/wasnot+adj.+whether-clause)3.Whatisevenmoreimportantisthatastheearthcooleddown,waterbegantoappearonitssurface.(what-clauseasthesubject;that-clauseasthepredicative)4.Itwasnotimmediatelyobviousthatwaterwastobefundamentaltothedevelopmentoflife.[itis/was(not)+adj.+that]5.Sowhetherlifewillcontinueontheearthformillionsofyearstocomewilldependonwhetherthisproblemcanbesolved.(whether-clauseasthesubject;dependon+whether-clauseastheobject)功能Instructions:Pleasepayattentionto...Pleasecheckthat....Youneed...Don’tforgetto...Makesurethat....Watchoutfor...You’dbetter...Youmust/mustn’t...Pleaselookat...语法NounclausesasthesubjectWhatitwastobecomewasuncertain......itwasnotclearwhetherthesolidshapewastolastornot.教学重点1.Getstudentstolearnaboutthedevelopmentoftheearthandmakingaspacetrip.2.HavestudentslearnsomeusefulnewwordsandexpressionsandletthemlearneffectivewaystorememberEnglishvocabulary.3.Enablestudentstousetheexpressionsofinstructionscorrectlyindailylife.4.Letstudentslearnthenewgrammaritem:nounclausesasthesubject.5.Developstudents’listening,speaking,readingandwritingabilities.教学难点1.Enablestudentstomastertheuseofnounclausesasthesubject.2.Letstudentslearntowriteashortarticletoshowtheirproblemsandthewaystoovercomethem.3.Developstudents’integrativeskills.课时安排Periodsneeded:7Period1WarmingupandreadingPeriod2Learningaboutlanguage:ImportantlanguagepointsPeriod3Learningaboutlanguage:GrammarPeriod4Usinglanguage:ListeningandspeakingPeriod5Usinglanguage:ExtensivereadingPeriod6Usinglanguage:SpeakingandwritingPeriod7Revision:Summingupandlearningtip

Period1Warmingupandreading

整体设计教材分析Thisisthefirstteachingperiodofthisunit.Atthebeginningoftheclass,theteachercanleadinthetopicoftheunitbyhavingafreetalkwithstudentsaboutsomefamousscientistsandwhattheyhavediscovered.ThenturntoWarmingUp.Itisintendedtohavestudentsthinkaboutandthendiscussthesetwogroupsofquestions:1.Inoursolarsystemeightplanetscirclearoundthesun.Whatarethey?Canyoumatchthenameswiththeplanets?2.Whatinterestsyouinastronomy?Doyouknowanyquestionsthatastronomersareinterestedin?Pre-readingistoremindstudentsthattheoriginoflifeontheearthisaquestionthatinterestsastronomersandeachreligionandculturehasitsownideasabouthowlifebeganontheearth.Theteachershouldaskstudentswhattheyknowabouttheseandthenletthempredictwhatkindofinformationwillbeintroducedinthenextpart!--?xml:namespaceprefix=st1ns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags"/--Reading.ThereadingpassagetitledHOWLIFEBEGANONTHEEARTHprovidesstudentsabriefintroductiononhowtheuniversedevelopedandhowlifebeganontheearth.Itprovidesascientificbackgroundtoanyinvestigationintospaceanditisfactual.Studentsareencouragedtopreviewthetextandfindouttheusefulnewwords,expressionsandstructuresthemselves.Theyshouldtrytoworkoutthemeaningsofthenewwordsthroughthecontext.Thenifnecessary,theycanlookthemupinthedictionaryorturntotheteacherforhelp.Alsoencouragethemtolookatthepicturesandreadthetitletoguesswhatthetextmightbeabout.Thenletthemskimforthegeneralidea,andscanforfurtherunderstanding.Inordernottoletthemfeelmuchdifficult,theteachershoulddealwithanylanguageproblemswhiletheyarereading.Afterreading,studentsarerequiredtodothefiveexercisesintheComprehendingtoseehowmuchtheyhaveunderstoodthereadingpassage.Theteachercanfirstletthemworkinpairsoringroupstofindtheanswerscooperatively,andthenchecktheiranswerswiththewholeclass.Toconsolidatethecontentsofthereadingpassage,studentsshouldberequiredtoretellthepassage.Inordertoarousethestudents’interest,theteachercanholdacompetition.教学重点1.Letstudentsreadthepassageandlearnaboutthedevelopmentoftheearth.2.Getstudentstolearndifferentreadingskills,especiallythereadingabilityofunderstandingimpliedmeaningoftheauthor.教学难点1.Enablestudentstounderstandthepassageandknowaboutthedevelopmentoftheearth.2.Letstudentslearnhowtousedifferentreadingskillsfordifferentreadingpurposes.三维目标知识目标1.Getstudentstolearntheusefulnewwordsandexpressionsinthispart:astronomy,system,religion,theory,atom,billion,globe,violent,carbon,atmosphere,unlike,fundamental,harmful,acid,chain,multiply,oxygen,exist,thus,dioxide,puzzle,solarsystem,intime,layeggs,givebirthto,inone’sturn,carbondioxide,prevent...from2.Letstudentslearnaboutthedevelopmentoftheearth.能力目标1.Developstudents’readingabilityandletthemlearndifferentreadingskills.2.Enablestudentstoknowaboutthedevelopmentoftheearth.情感目标1.Trainstudents’interestinscienceandstimulatetheirloveforastronomy.2.Developstudents’senseofcooperativelearning.

教学过程设计方案（一）→Step1PresentationHaveafreetalkwithstudents.1.Letstudentsbrainstormthefollowingquestions:Whoareourancestors?Doyouknowwhatitwaslikebeforelifeappearedontheearth?Doyouknowhowlifebeganontheearth?Doyouwanttogetmoreinformation?2.Tellstudents:Todaywewilllearnsomethingabouthowlifebeganontheearth.TurntoPage25.Let’scometoWarmingUpfirst.→Step2WarmingupLetstudentsthinkaboutthefollowingquestionsandthendiscussthemwiththeirpartners.1.Inoursolarsystemeightplanetscirclearoundthesun.Whatarethey?Canyoumatchthenameswiththeplanets?!--?xml:namespaceprefix=vns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:vml"/--VenusEarthMarsMercuryJupiterNeptuneSaturn2.Whatinterestsyouinastronomy?Doyouknowanyquestionsthatastronomersareinterestedin?→Step3Pre-reading1.Getstudentstodiscussthequestionswiththeirpartners.1)Theoriginoflifeonearthisaquestionthatinterestsastronomers.Whatdoyouknowaboutit?2)Eachreligionandculturehasitsownideasabouthowlifebeganonearth.Whatdoyouknowaboutthem?2.Letthemtelltheirstories.Encouragethemtotelldifferentstories.Iftheydon’tknowany,tellthemsome,forexample,Panguseparatedtheskyfromtheearth,Panguturnedintoamyriadofthings,Nuwamademen,andsoon.3.Askthemtoreadthetitleandlookatthepictures.Predictwhatthereadingwillbeabout.→Step4Reading1.FastreadingGetstudentstoreadthepassagequicklyandthenwritedownthemainideaforeachparagraphandthewholepassageinthefollowingchart.HOWLIFEBEGANONTHEEARTHParagraph1Paragraph2Paragraph3Paragraph4Paragraph5ThepassageLetstudentslookthroughthechartandthenreadthetextsilently.Threeminuteslater,checktheanswerswiththewholeclass.2.IntensivereadingAllowstudentstoreadthepassagecarefullythistimetogettheimportantdetails,andthenfinishthefollowing:1)Puttheorderofdevelopmentoflifeintoatimeline.(1)Insectsandamphibiansappeared.(2)Dinosaursappeared.(3)Theearthbecameasolidball.(4)Smallplantsgrowonthewater.(5)Reptilesappeared.(6)Plantsbegintogrowondryland.(7)Theearthwasacloudofdust.(8)Waterappearedontheearth.(9)Shellfishandotherfishappeared.(10)Theuniversebeganwitha“BigBang”.(11)Cleveranimalswithhandsandfeetappeared.(12)Mammalsappeared.2)Choosethebestanswertoeachquestionaccordingtothetext.(1)Whatisimportantforthebeginningoflife?A.Thewaterontheearth.B.Theearth’satmosphere.C.Theformofforests.D.Dissolvingharmfulgases.(2)Whichofthefollowingappearedontheearthfirst?A.Insects.B.Reptiles.C.Amphibians.D.Shellfishandfish.(3)Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?A.WaterstillexistsonMars.B.Theearth’satmosphereismadeupofoxygenandnitrogen.C.Theearthhaddissolvedtheharmfulatmosphereintotheoceansandseas.D.Plantsprovideoxygentotheearth.(4)Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Theappearanceanddevelopmentoflifeontheearth.B.Thebirthoftheearth.C.Whydinosaursdiedout.D.Thefactthathumanbeingscausedglobalwarming.Suggestedanswers:(1)A(2)D(3)D(4)A3.ReadinganddiscussionReadthetextathirdtimeandthenworkinpairstodiscussthefollowingquestions.1)Whywastheearthdifferentfromtheotherplanets?2)Whydidtheplantsgrowbeforetheanimalscame?3)Whyisitwrongtoshowfilmswithdinosaursandpeopletogether?4)Thereusedtobenineplanetsinthesolarsystem.Recentlyscientistshavedecidedthatoneofthemcannolongerbeconsideredaplanet.Doyouknowthenameofthatplanet?Doyouknowwhytheyremovedit?5)Whatproblemiscausedbyhumanbeings?(Letstudentshaveenoughtimetoreadthepassagecarefullyanddiscussthequestionswiththeirpartners.Encouragethemtoexpresstheirownideas.)4.ExplanationHelpstudentsanalyzesomedifficult,longandcomplexsentencesandguessthemeaningofsomenewwords.Encouragethemtotrytodealwiththelanguagepointsinthecontext.Discussthefollowingimportantsentencesandphrasesinthepassage.1)Whatitwastobecomewasuncertainuntilbetween4.5and3.8billionyearsagowhenthedustsettledintoasolidglobe.2)Theearthbecamesoviolentthatitwasnotclearwhethertheshapewouldlastornot.3)Theywereintimetoproducecarbon,nitrogen,watervaporandothergases,whichweretomaketheearth’satmosphere.4)Sowhetherlifewillcontinueontheearthformillionsofyearstocomewilldependonwhetherthisproblemcanbesolved.Suggestedexplanations:1)Whatleadsanounclauseasthesubjectandwhenleadsanattributiveclause.2)Here“whethertheshapewouldlastornot”isanounclauseasthesubject.3)Here“whichweretomaketheearth’satmosphere”isanon-restrictiveattributiveclause.intime:1)soonerorlater;eventually2)intime(forsth./todosth.):notlateIwillseehimintime.Shewillbebackintimetopreparedinner.4)Inthissentence,therearetwoclausesledbywhether.Thefirstoneisanounclauseasthesubjectandthesecondastheobject.tocome:servesasattributiveSheisthelastpersontodosuchathing.dependon:somethingmightonlyhappenorbetrueifthecircumstancesarerightforitOursuccessdependsonwhethereveryoneworkshardornot.5.ReadingaloudandunderliningAskstudentstoreadthepassagealoudtothetapeandletthempayattentiontothepronunciationofeachnewwordandthepauseswithineachsentence.Tellthemtopickoutalltheusefulexpressionsorcollocationsfromthepassagewhilereadingandcopythemtothenotebooksafterclassashomework.Collocations:ontheearth,accordingto,acloudofdust,so...that,whether...ornot,intime,watervapor,cooldown,onone’ssurface,allow...todo...,achainreaction,millionsof,onthesurfaceof,beableto,aswellas,bydoing....,layeggs,bedifferentfrom,givebirthto,spreadallovertheearth,inone’sturn,prevent...from,asaresultof,too...to...,dependon→Step5DiscussionAfterreadingthepassage,letstudentsdiscussthefollowingquestions.1.Whydoyouthinkthathumansarethecleverestanimalsontheearth?2.Doyoubelievethatthereislifeonotherplanets?Whyorwhynot?3.Doyouthinkitispossiblethatonedaypeoplewillmovetheirhousestootherplanets?→Step6ConsolidationAskstudentstoretellthepassagewiththehelpofthefollowing.acloudofdust→asolidball→presenceofwater→smallplantsgrowonthewater→shellfishandotherfishappear→plantsbegintogrowondryland→insectsandamphibiansappear→retilesappear→dinosaursappear→mammalsappear→Step7Homework1.Learntheusefulnewwordsandexpressionsinthispartbyheart.2.Readthereadingpassageagainandtrytotalkabouthowlifebeganontheearthinyourownwords.设计方案（二）→Step1LeadinginthetopicShowstudentsapictureaboutsolarsystem.Letthemmatchthenameswiththeplanets.→Step2WarmingupEachreligionandculturehasitsownideasabouttheoriginoflifeontheearth.Letstudentstelldifferentstoriesthattheyknow.→Step3Predictingbylookinganddiscussing1.Lookatthepicturesandtitleofthereadingpassageanddiscussinpairswhatthepassagemightbeabout.2.Twoorthreestudentswillgivetheiropinions.3.Letthemreadthepassagequicklytoseeiftheyareright.→Step4Reading1.Givestudents3minutes,andaskthemtoskimthepassagetogetthegeneralideaforeachparagraphandthepassage.2.Givestudents5minutestoreadthepassagecarefully,andthenanswerthefollowingquestions.1)Whatwasthereontheearthbeforelifebegan?2)Whydoscientiststhinktherehasneverbeenlifeonthemoon?3)Whydidanimalsfirstappearinthesea?4)Whydogreenplantshelplifetodevelop?5)Whyweremammalsdifferentfromotheranimals?3.Givestudents4minutestoreadthepassageathirdtime.Encouragethemtotrytodealwiththelanguagepointsinthecontext.Givethemsomeexplanationsifnecessary.4.ListeningandreadingaloudLetstudentslistentothetape.Remindthemtopayattentiontothepronunciationofeachnewwordandthepauseswithineachsentence.Thenaskthemtoreadthetextaloudtothetape.→Step5ExtensionLetstudentsthinkaboutanddiscussthefollowingquestions.1.Doyoubelievethatthereislifeonotherplanets?Whyorwhynot?2.Doyouthinkitispossiblethatonedaypeoplewillmovetheirhousestootherplanets?→Step6Closingdown1.Havestudentsgetpreparedin3minutesorsoandthenaskthemtoretellhowlifebeganontheearth.2.Askasmanystudentsaspossibletohaveatryinfrontoftheclass.→Step8Homework1.Gooverthetextandtrytolearnalltheusefulwordsandexpressionsinthispartbyheart.2.FinishtheexercisesinComprehendingonPage27.

板书设计

Unit4Astronomy:thescienceofthestars

Warmingupandreading

HOWLIFEBEGANONTHEEARTHParagraph1Paragraph2Paragraph3Paragraph4Paragraph5Thepassage

活动与探究Supposeyouareanexpertwhostudiesastronomy.YouareinvitedtogiveaspeechtotheschoolstudentsaboutthedevelopmentoflifeonEarthDay(April22).ReadthepassageHOWLIFEBEGANONTHEEARTHagainandgotothelibraryorsurftheInternettofindmoreinformationandbereadytopresentyourspeechtotheclass.Youmaybeginlikethis:Goodmorning/afternoon.Iamgreatlyhonoredtobeheretogiveyouaspeechaboutthedevelopmentoflife....

Unit 4 Astronomy：The science of the stars教案设计

Unit4Astronomy：Thescienceofthestars
1.spread
vt.散布;扩大;延伸
Thebirdspreaditswings.那只鸟展开了翅膀。
Fliesspreaddisease.苍蝇传播疾病。
常用结构:
spreadsth.withsth.用……抹/涂/铺……
spread...on...把……抹/涂/铺在……
bespreadfor摆好（桌子）准备
spreadoneself[口]舒展四肢(躺下)
spreadout张开，伸开，铺开，展开，伸长
高手过招
单项填空
PapermakingbeganinChinaandtoEurope.
(2009•12•河南郑州检测)
A.SpreadB.grew
C.CarriedD.developed
解析:选A。句意为：造纸术起源于中国，又传播到了欧洲。spread传播。
2.method
n.方法
Hehasintroducedanewmethodofteaching.
他引进了一种新的教学方法。
Whatisthemosteffectivemethodofbirthcontrol?
控制出生率的最有效的方法是什么？
联想拓展
bythismeans=inthisway=withthismethod
用这种方法
易混辨析
method/means
method侧重“理论方法”，指做某事的具体步骤或程序。
anewteachingmethod一种新的教学方法
means（单复数同形）侧重“通过手段”或“利用工具”去达到某种目的。
高手过招
选词填空(method/means)（原创）
①Thequickestoftravelisbyplane.
②Shehasaveryscientificofdealingwithpoliticalproblems.
答案：①means②method
3.harmful
adj.有害的
常用结构:
dosb.harm/doharmtosb.对某人有害
meannoharm无意伤害别人;没有恶意
harmone’simage/reputation损害某人的形象/名声
domoreharmthangood弊大于利
Thereisnoharmin(sb.?s)doingsth.
=Itdoesnoharm(forsb.)todosth.(某人)做某事无害处
beharmfulto对……有害
harmn.充满了……
inmass全部,全体;整个地
inthemass总体上;总的说来
the(great)massof大多数,大部分
massesofsth.大量的东西
高手过招
单项填空
Theyoungdancerslookedsocharmingintheirbeautifulclothesthatwetookpicturesofthem.
(2009•12•安徽合肥检测)
A.manyofB.massesof
C.thenumberofD.alargeamountof
解析:选B。句意为：年轻的舞蹈家们穿着美丽的衣服看起来很迷人，因此我们给他们拍了许多照片。massesof=lotsof，后跟复数名词。
5.pull
v.拉，拖，拔；移动
n.拉，拖；牵(引)力
YoupushandI?llpull.
你来推，我来拉。
Ifeltapullatmysleeveandturnedround.
我觉得有人扯我的袖子，便转过身来。
常用结构:
pullahead(ofsb./sth.)领先于（某人/物）
pull(sb.)back（使某人）退却；撤回（某人）
pulloff(sth.)（指机动车辆）驶离（道路至路侧停车处停下）pullout(sth.)拉掉；使分离；掏出；驶离（车站）
pullon穿，戴上（袜子、手套等）
pulltogether同心协力；通力合作
高手过招
用pull相关短语的适当形式填空（原创）
①Iarrivedasthelasttrainwas.
②Heagunandaimedatthecriminal.
③Solongaswe,there’snomountaintopwecan’tconquer.
答案：①pullingout②pulledout③pulltogether
6.cheer
vt.on③cheering
7.puzzle
vt.in②existon③existence
重点短语
9.intime意为“及时”时相当于earlyenough,soonenough;意为“终于，早晚”时相当于soonerorlater。
Wegottothestationjustintimetocatchthebus.
=Wegottothestationjustintimeforthebus.
我们到达车站时，刚好赶上了那班汽车。
Thedoctorcameintimetosaveherlife.
医生及时赶来救了她的命。
You?llsucceedintimeifyoukeeponworkinghard.
假若坚持努力下去，你迟早会成功的。
联想拓展
beintimeforsth./beintimetodosth.
对于某事是及时的/及时做某事
aheadoftime提前；提早
allthetime一直；始终
atonetime曾经；一度
atatime一次
attimes有时
atthesametime同时；然而；可是
fromtimetotime不时；偶尔
innotime立刻；马上
takeone?stime不急，慢慢来
timeandtimeagain一次又一次；一再
高手过招
单项填空
—IwasdisappointedintimewhenIdidn’tpasstheexaminations.
—Don’tbesodiscouraged.You’llbesuccessfulin
time.(2009•12•河南平顶山检测)
A./;/B.a;aC./;aD.a;/
解析:选D。句意为：——我没通过考试那段时间我很失望。——别灰心。你迟早会成功的。第一个空考查的是when引导的定语从句，表示在某段时间里，故应用inatime。而第二个空表示“迟早”，故用intime。
10.prevent...from
阻止；制止
Theheavyrainpreventedusfromgoingthere.
这场大雨使我们没能到那里去。
易混辨析
prevent/stop/keep/protect
prevent,stop,keep与protect四者的常见结构为：
prevent...(from)doingsth.；stop...(from)doingsth.；keep...fromdoingsth.;均表示“阻止……做某事”。
上述三个结构中，在主动语态中stop与prevent后可省去from，但在被动语态中不可省略;而keep...from...中的from在任何情况下都不能省略。另外，
protect...from...表示“保护……不受……侵袭；阻挡；防御”。from后接能带来伤害或损害的事物。
Thisplanwillbekeptfrombeingcarriedout.
这个计划将被阻止实施。
高手过招
单项填空
Somepolicemenshouldbesenttothemthetrees.
（原创）
A.prevent;tocutdownB.stop;cuttingdown
C.keep;tocutdownD.keep;cuttingdown
解析:选B。句意为：应该派一些警察去阻止他们砍伐树木。keep/prevent/stop...fromdoingsth.阻止……做某事,其中keep...fromdoingsth.中的from不可省略。故选B。
11.breakout
突发；爆发（无被动语态）
Troublemaybreakoutatanymoment.
灾难在任何时候都可能突然发生。
Whendidthewarbreakout?战争什么时候爆发的？
Itwasatmidnightthatafirebrokeout.
在午夜时分发生了一起大火。
联想拓展
breakawayfrom脱离（政党等）；打破（陈规等）
breakdown出故障；（计划等）失败；（身体、精神等）垮掉
breakin破门而入，闯入；打断（话语）等
breakinto破门而入；突然……起来
breakoff折断；突然中止；断绝；结束
breakthrough突破
breakup敲碎；放假；散会
易混辨析
comeabout/happen/takeplace/breakout/occur
comeabout发生，相当于happen,takeplace。后面不可以接宾语，也不可以使用被动语态。
happen强调偶然发生。
takeplace指按计划、安排发生；举行
breakout多用于指战争、火灾、疾病、疫情的突然爆发。
occur常用于句式：sth.occurstosb.某事发生在某人身上。
高手过招
用break相关短语的适当形式填空（原创）
①AterribletsunamiinthesoutheasterncountriesofAsiaatChristmas,2004.
②WhendoyouforChristmas?
③Negotiationsbetweenthetwosideshave.
④Hishousewaslastweek.
答案：①brokeout②breakup③brokendown④brokeninto
12.blockout
挡住（光线）
Thatwallblocksoutallthelight.那堵墙把光线都遮住了。
联想拓展
burstout大声喊叫;突然……起来
goout外出；过时；熄(灯)
putout关(灯)；扑灭；生产
comeout出现，显露；出版;结果是
helpout帮助解决难题(或摆脱困境)
lookout留神；注意
watchout注意；提防；向外看
findout找出，查明，发现
pickout挑出;辨认出，分辨出
speakout大声地说;大胆地说
thinkout仔细思考(某事)；想出（主意等）
hangout挂出;闲逛
knockout(拳)击中，击倒，打昏
sellout售完(某种货物)，脱销
turnout结果证明是
runout(of)用完，耗尽
checkout结账离去，办妥手续离去
giveout分发（试卷等）；发出（光、热等）；用尽；耗完；筋疲力尽
高手过招
用out相关短语的适当形式填空（原创）
①Attheendoftheracehislegsandhecollapsedontheground.
②It’seasytohiminacrowdbecauseheisverytall.
③Hisnewbookwillnextmonth.
④Wethoughtitwasgoingtorain;ittobeafineday.
⑤Weof/fromourhotelat5a.m.tocatcha7a.m.flight.
答案：①gaveout②pick;out③comeout④turnedout⑤checkedout
13.Whatitwastobecomewasuncertainuntilbetween4.5and3.8billionyearsagowhenthedustsettledintoasolidglobe.
随后它会变成什么没人能知道，直到38~45亿年前，这团尘埃才慢慢地形成一个固体的球状物。
Whatitwastobecome...是what引导的主语从句，what在从句中作become的宾语。
Whatsurprisedeverybodywasthathedidn’tcometothemeeting.
使大家惊奇的是他竟没有参加会议。
Whathedidaddedtoourdifficulty.
他所做的增加了我们的困难。
“be+动词不定式”在本句中表示按照计划、安排将要发生的动作。
Whenaretheytohandintheirplan?
他们的计划什么时候交上来？
YouaretodoyourhomeworkbeforeyouwatchTV.
你得做完了作业才能看电视。
联想拓展
“be+to”还可以表示以下含义：
表示可能性，相当于can,主要用于疑问句和否定句。表示命令，意为“必须，不得不”，意思等同于must,haveto，表示假设。表示“命运注定……”，通常用于过去时。
HowamItoknowwhathasbecomeofhim?
我怎么知道他的遭遇如何呢？
CertainskillsmustbelearnedifoneistouseEnglishwell.
如果想要用好英语，某些技巧是必须学的。
Hewasnevertoseehiswifeagain.
他注定再也见不到他妻子了。
Werewetoofferyoumoremoney,wouldyoustay?
如果我们给你加钱，你愿意留下吗？
高手过招
单项填空
Indryweathertheflowerswillhavetobewateredifthey.（原创）
A.havesurvivedB.aretosurvive
C.wouldsurviveD.willsurvive
解析:选B。考查真实条件句。aretosurvive在此处并不表示将来，而表示“期望”。
14.ButwhenItriedtostepforward,IfoundIwascarriedtwiceasfarasontheearthandfellover.
而当我试着向前迈步的时候，我发觉我被送出去很远，步子的跨度竟是地球上的两倍，因而我摔倒了。
twiceas...as...是……的两倍
联想拓展
英语中的倍数表达法：
倍数+as+adj./adv.+as是……的几倍
倍数+adj./adv.的比较级+than比……(多/大)几倍
倍数+the+表示长度/高度/宽度等的名词+of是……长度/高度/宽度的几倍，此结构中常用的名词有：size,height,weight,length,width,depth等。
Thisruleristhreetimesaslongasthatone.
=Thisruleristwicelongerthanthatone.
=Thisruleristhreetimesthelengthofthatone.
这把尺子是那把的三倍长。
Therearefourtimesasmanystudentsasweexpected.
到的学生是我们预计的五倍。
高手过招
(1)翻译句子（原创）
这个房子是那个的三倍大。
(2)完成句子
到的客人是我们预计的两倍。
Thereareweexpected.
答案：(1)Thishouseisthreetimesasbigasthatone./Thishouseistwicebiggerthanthatone./Thishouseisthreetimesthesizeofthatone.
(2)twiceasmanyguestsas

高一英语必修三导学案 Unit 4 Astronomy: the science of the stars

经验告诉我们，成功是留给有准备的人。作为高中教师准备好教案是必不可少的一步。教案可以让学生更好的吸收课堂上所讲的知识点，帮助高中教师提前熟悉所教学的内容。所以你在写高中教案时要注意些什么呢？下面是由小编为大家整理的“高一英语必修三导学案 Unit 4 Astronomy: the science of the stars”，仅供参考，希望能为您提供参考！

高一英语必修三导学案Unit4Astronomy:thescienceofthestars班级姓名小组语言要点（模块）Ⅰ.词语辨析(旨在提供完形填空所需材料)1.loudly/loud/aloudloudlyadv响亮地，高声地loudadj/adv与sing,speak,talk连用aloudadv相对默读而言；出声根据句子的意思在括号里填入适当的词。1).Willyoupleasespeak______?2).ItisgoodforyoutoreadEnglish______everymorning.3).Thebombexploded______.4).Ishervoice______enough?5).Actionspeaks______thanwords(事实胜于雄辩).Keys:1).louder2).aloud3).loudly4).loud5).louder2.unlike/dislikeunlikeprep.不像，和……不同adj.[作表语]不相似；不同dislikevt./n.不喜爱，厌恶根据句子的意思在括号里填入适当的词。1).Agoodhotelmanagershouldknowhisregularguests’likesand______.2).Herlatestnovelisquite______herearlierwork.3).Ifyougoonlikethatyou’llgetyourself_______(like).4).Iwasveryinterestedinthelecture,______manyofthestudents.Keys:1).dislikes2).unlike3).disliked4).unlike3.remain/leaveremainvi.仍然是；留下；剩下常用句型：remain+n.仍然是remain+adj./adv./prep.仍然是remain+v-ed/v-ing仍然是remaintobedone有待去做，依然要做leavevt.剩下，忽略或未拿或未带（某物），使或让（某人、事物）处某状态﹑某地等常用句型：leavesb.sth./leavesth.tosb.给某人留下某物leavesth(forsb)留下，交待下(某物)leavesthtosb将某物遗赠给某人remaining/left两者都可以作形容词，表示“剩下的”，前者用于被修饰的名词之前，后者用于被修饰的名词之后。根据句子的意思在括号里填入适当的词。1).Someone______youthisnotewhileyouwereout.2).Aftertheearthquake,little______ofthevillage.3).Heusedthe______moneytobuyadictionary.4).Afterbuyingthedictionary,hehadnotmuchmoney______.5).Arrivinghome,IfoundthatI’d______mykeyintheoffice.6).Don’tleaveher______(wait)outsideintherain.7).Sheremained_______(change)afteralltheseyears.8).Agreatmanythingsremain_______(do).Keys:1).left2).remained3).remaining4).left5).left6).waiting7).unchanged8).tobedone4.climate/weatherclimate指从长时间的范围来看某地的平均气候或经常性的气候；weather指某地一时的天气，如寒暖、晴雨和干湿的变化情况。根据句子的意思在括号里填入适当的词。1).Weshallgooutforapicnictomorrowifthe_______isfine.2).Adrier_______wouldbegoodforyourhealth.3).Icouldn’timaginewhatitwouldbeliketoliveinahot________.4).The_______ofourcountryismild,butindividualplacesexperiencebad________.Keys:1).weather2).climate3).climate4).climate;weather5.nowthat/since/because/as都可引导原因状语从句，语气最强的是because，引导直接而明确的原因，也用来回答why的问句或用于强调句型；其次是since/nowthat，表示已知或明显的原因，再次是as，引导的原因是不言而喻、显而易见的；for引导的是并列分句，表推测或判断的原因，前面有逗号隔开。根据句子的意思在括号里填入适当的词。1)._______everybodyishere,let’sbeginourmeeting.2)Itwas_______hewasillthathedidn’tgotoschool.3).Itmusthaverainedlastnight,_______thegroundisallwet.4)._______wearealone,wecanspeakfreely.Keys:1).since/nowthat2).because3).for4).Now(that)Ⅱ.词性变化（旨在提供语法填空所需材料）1.violentadj.强暴的，猛烈的violencen.暴力，强暴；猛烈violentlyadv.强暴地；猛烈地2.fundamentaladj.基本(础)的n.[pl.]基本原则(法则)fundamentallyadv.基本地；根本地fundamentn.基础；根本

3.developmentn.生长，发

展；新情况

developvt.发展；产生

vi.生长；发展

developedadj.发达的developingadj.发展的

4.layvt.放下；摆设；产(蛋)lay---laid---laid---laying

lievi.躺，平放；位于

lie---lay---lain---lying

lien.lay;laid2).prevention3).violence4).development

5).developing6).fundamental7).physicist

Ⅲ.重点词汇（旨在提供词汇综合运用材料）1.systemn.[c]系统；体系；制度；方法systematicadj有系统的;有条理的[典例]1).Thesolarsystemincludesthesunanditseightplanets.太阳系包括太阳和它的八颗行星。2).Alcoholisbadforyoursystem.喝酒对身体有害。[练习]根据句子的意思完成句子。1).The____________(教育系统)operatesverydifferentlyintheUSandChina.2).Heintroducedusawell-designed____________(铁路系统).Keys:1).educationalsystem2).railwaysystem2.layvt.(laid,laid,laying)把放下；摆设；铺(地毯)；产(蛋)[典例]1).Helaidhishandonmyshoulder.他把手放在我的肩上。2).Whoshouldwelaytheblameon?我们该责备谁?[重点用法]lay短语：layeggs下蛋laysth.aside把某物放在一边；积蓄（钱）laysth.down把某物放下laytheblameonsb.责备某人laythetable摆桌子layemphasis/stressonsth.把重点放在某事上[练习]根据句子的意思在括号里填入适当的词或翻译。1).Thebird______itseggsinotherbirds’nests.2).Heisapoliticalleaderthat____________________(非常强调)individualresponsibility.3).He______somemoney______forrainydays.Keys:1).lays2).laysgreatstresson3).lays/puts;aside3.harmfuladj.有害的；伤害的harmn.in2).existonto3).existence5.puzzlevt.on3).cheeringⅣ.重点词组（旨在提供词汇综合运用材料）1.tobeginwith=tostartwith以……开始；由……作为开头；首先[典例]Tobegin/startwith,Icouldn’tunderstandasingleword.起初，我一句也没弄明白。[重点用法]begin/startwith从……开始begin/startsthwith从……开始……[练习]根据句子的意思完成句子。1).He______hisspeech______apoem.2).Hisspeech____________apoem.3).__________________,petsaregoodfriendsofmanylonelypeople,especiallytheold.Keys:1).began/started;with2).began/startedwith3).Tostart/beginwith2.intime及时；最终；迟早[典例]1).Theycaughtthebusintime.他们及时赶上了汽车。2).Ifyoukeepon,youwillsucceedintime.如果坚持下去，你们总有一天会成功的。[短语归纳]time短语：intimeforsth./todosth.及时；不迟innotime立刻；马上atnotime永不……atonetime有个时期；曾经；一度atatime一次；每次attimes=sometimes有时allthetime一直；始终；老是ontime按时；准时bythetime到……的时候为止forthetimebeing暂时；暂且takeone’stime不着急；慢慢来killtime消磨时间fromtimetotime不时地，间或manyatime常常；多次onceuponatime从前atthesametime同时；尽管如此aheadoftime提前，提早raceagainsttime争分夺秒timeandagain一次又一次；重复地keeptime(钟表)走得准keepbadtime（钟、表）走得不准takeone’stime慢慢来，别急haveagood/nice/hardtime(in)doingsth做某事很……It’s(high/about)timethatsb.did/shoulddosth.是做某事的时候了[练习]用time短语填空。1).Theysentthemailtomejust______________,beforeI1eft.2).Williamarrivedatthetheatrejust______________fortheplaywastobeon.3).Hurryup!Theconcertwillbegin_____________________.4)._____________________willIgiveup.5).Theboylaughedandcried__________________________.6)._____________________hewasaddictedtoplayingwebgames,butnowhedevoteshimselftowriting,whichdelightshisparents.7).Don’ttrytodoeverythingatonce;takeitabit_____________________.8).You’llhaveyourownofficesoon,but____________________________you’llhavetoshareonewithme.Keys:1).intime2).intime3).innotime4).Atnotime5).atthesametime6).Atonetime7).atatime8).forthetimebeing3.inone’sturn轮到某人；接着[典例]Iwillseeyou,eachinyourturn.我将要一个接着一个地看你。[短语归纳]turn短语：inturn轮流；一个接着一个byturns轮流；一阵……一阵……taketurns(todosth.)轮流（做某物）It’sone’sturntodosth.轮到某人做某事了[练习]用turn短语填空或翻译句子。1).Shewenthotandcold______________.2).我们轮流着开车。____________________________________________________________________________________3).今天轮到谁发言了？____________________________________________________________________________________Keys:1).byturns2).Wedrovethecarbyturns/inturn.=Wetookturnstodrivethecar.3).Whoseturnisittogiveaspeechtoday?4.prevent...from=stop...from=keep....from使……不做事；阻止……做某事[典例]Hisbackinjurymaypreventhimfromplayingintomorrow’sgame.他背部的伤可能使他参加不了明天的比赛。注意:prevent/stopsb.fromdoingsth.中的from可省,keepsb.fromdoingsth.中from不可省略，因为keepsb.doingsth.是“使某人一直做某事”之意；但如在被动语态中，三者的from都不可省；当后接sb’sdoingsth.作宾语时，只能用prevent或stop，不能用keep，因为没有keepsb’sdoingsth.的句型。[练习]根据句子的意思完成句子或翻译。1).Doctorstookactionto___________________________________(防止这种疾病的蔓延).2).OfcourseIcan’t_______yourgoingabroad.3).警察阻止他们携带武器。_______________________________________________________________________________________Keys:1).prevent/stop/keepthediseasefromspreading2).prevent/stop3).Thepoliceprevented/stopped/keptthemfromcarryingweapons.=Theywereprevented/stopped/keptfromcarryingweapons.5.blockout挡住（光线）[典例]Thatwallblocksoutallthelight.那堵墙把光线都遮住了。[短语归纳]out短语：breakout爆发，发生burstout大声喊叫，突然…起来goout外出；过时；(灯)熄putout关(灯)；扑灭；生产comeout出现，显露；出版，结果是helpout帮助解决难题(或摆脱困境)lookout留神；注意watchout注意；提防findout找出，查明，发现pickout挑出，辨认出，分辨出speakout大声地说，大胆地说thinkout仔细思考某事；想出（主意等）hangout挂出，闲逛knockedout(拳击中)击倒，打昏sellout售完(某种货物)，脱销turnout结果证明是runout(of)用完，耗尽checkout结帐离去，办妥手续离去handout分发，散发giveout分发；用完，消耗尽；发出(光、声音等)[练习]用out短语填空。1).Attheendoftheracehislegs______________andhecollapsedontheground.2).It’seasyto_______him_______inacrowdbecauseheisverytall.3).Hisnwebookwill______________nextmonth.4).Wethoughtitwasgoingtorain;it______________tobeafindday.5).We______________of/fromourhotelat5a.m.tocatcha7a.m.flight.Keys:1).gaveout2).pick;out3).comeout4).turnedout5).checkedout6.beoff=setoff出发；动身；不用上班/学/开张[典例]Thenwewereoff.随后我们就启程了。[短语归纳]off短语：getoff下车falloff从……摔下来takeoff脱下；起飞keepoff远离turnoff关闭payoff付清，还清set...off给……送行kickoff踢球jumpoff跳下giveoff散发showoff炫耀shutoff关闭[练习]用turn短语填空或翻译。1).ItisaSundayandwe______________(不用上班)today.2).Herhusband______________onabusinesstripsomewhere.3).Therewesawasignreading,“______________thegrass”.4).Aftertenyearsofhardwork,shefinally______________allherdebts.Keys:1).areoff2).wasoff3).Keepoff4).paidoff7.breakout(灾难、战争等)突发；爆发[典例]Firebrokeoutduringthenight.夜间突然发生了火灾。[短语归纳]break短语：breakawayfrom脱离（党派）；摆脱（控制）breakdown毁掉；坏掉；(计划/谈判)失败breakup打碎；拆散；(会议)结束；分裂(解体)breakoff(使)停止；中断；折断breakintosth.强行进入某处breakone’sword/promise食言；说话不算数[练习]用break短语填空。1).Aterribletsunami______________inthesoutheasterncountriesofAsiaatChristmas,2004.2).Whendoyou______________forChristmas?3).Negotiationsbetweenthetwosideshave______________.4).Hishousewas______________lastweek.Keys:1).brokeout2).breakup3).brokendown4).brokeninto8.watchout密切注视；当心；提防[典例]Watchout!There’sacarcoming.小心!汽车来了。[重点用法]watchoutforsb/sth警惕或注意某人/事物watchover保护；照看[练习]用watch短语填空。1).Theremusthavebeenanangel______________methatday.2).WhatproblemsshouldI_____________________whenbuyinganoldhouse?3).You’llbecomeanalcoholicifyoudon’t______________.Keys:1).watchingover2).watchoutfor3).watchoutⅤ.重点句子（旨在提供句子结构等所需材料）1.Itexplodedloudlywithfireandrock,whichwereintimetoproducethewatervapour,carbondioxide,oxygen,nitrogenandothergases,whichweretomaketheearth’satmosphere.它(地球)巨大的爆炸喷出了烈火与岩石。最终产生了水蒸气、二氧化碳、氧、氮和其他多种气体，从而形成了地球的大气层。[解释]“be+不定式”结构通常用来表示“按计划或安排将要做的事情”，或表示上级对下级、父母对子女下命令，“应该做某事”或表示某事“将必然发生”。例如：1).Hereisamessageforyoufromyourheadteacher:youaretogotoherofficeafterclass.你的班主任给你一个口信，要你下课后到她的办公室去。2).Theworstisstilltocome.更糟糕的事情还会发生。3).We’llholdameetingtomorrow.=Wearetoholdameetingtomorrow.=Ameetingistobeheldtomorrow.我们明天将开会。4).ThetrainistoarriveinBeijingat10:25am.这趟火车将于上午10:25到达北京。[练习]完成句子或翻译。1).Hereisamessageforyoufromyourheadteacher:you__________________toherofficeafterclass.(你的班主任给你一个口信，要你下课后到她的办公室去。)2).Theworstisstill____________(come).3).We’llholdameetingtomorrow.=We__________________ameetingtomorrow.=Ameetingis__________________tomorrow.4).这趟火车将于上午10：25到达北京。________________________________________________________________________________________Keys:1).aretogo2).tocome3).aretohold;tobeheld4).ThetrainistoarriveinBeijingat10:25am.2.Thatmadeitpossibleforlifetobegintodevelop.那使生命的生长发育成为一种可能。[解释]此句中的made后跟带形式宾语it的复合结构，其中it是形式宾语，真正宾语是不定式复合结构，“forlivetobegintodevelop”，宾语补足语是possible。再如：Shemadeitherbusinesstofindoutwhowasresponsible.她非要弄清楚是谁的责任不可。提示：常用于此结构的动词还有think，feel，find，consider等。例如：1).Wemakeitaruletogetupat6o’clockeverymorning.2).Ifindithardtogetalongwithhim.3).HefounditimpossibletoleaveGermanyfortheUSA.他发现不可能离开德国去美国了。4).Ithink/find/feel/consideritmydutytohelpyou.我觉得我有责任帮助你。[练习]完成句子或翻译。1).We________________________(规定)togetupat6o’clockeverymorning.2).I__________________(发现很难)togetalongwithhim．3).他发现不可能离开德国去美国了。____________________________________________________________________________________________4).我觉得我有责任帮助你。____________________________________________________________________________________________Keys:1).makeitarule2).findithard3).HefounditimpossibletoleaveGermanyfortheUSA.4).Ithink/find/feel/consideritmydutytohelpyou.3.ButwhenItriedtostepforwardIfoundIwascarriedtwiceasfarasontheearthandfellover.而当我试着向前迈步的时候，我发觉我被送出去很远，步子的跨度竟是地球上的两倍，因而我摔倒了。[解释]twiceas...as...“是……的两倍”，英语常见倍数的表示句型：1).倍数+as+adj./adv.+as“是……的几倍”Myroomistwiceaslargeashis.2).倍数+adj./adv.比较级+than“比……(多/大)几倍”Myroomistwicelargerthanhis.3).倍数+the+表示长度/高度/宽度等的名词+of“是……的长度/高度/宽度几倍”Myroomistwicethesizeofhis.注意：此结构中常用的名词有：size,height,weight,length,widthdepth等。例如：1).Thisruleristhreetimesaslongasthatone.=Thisruleristhreetimeslongerthanthatone.=Thisruleristhreetimesthelengthofthatone.这把尺子是那把的三倍那么长。2).Therearefourtimesasmanystudentsasweexpected.到的学生是我们预计的五倍。[解释]twiceas...as...是的两倍，英语常见倍数的表示句型：1).倍数+as+adj./adv.+as“是……的几倍”Myroomistwiceaslargeashis.2).倍数+adj./adv.比较级+than“比……(多/大)几倍”Myroomistwicelargerthanhis.3).倍数+the+表示长度/高度/宽度等的名词+of“是……的长度/高度/宽度几倍”Myroomistwicethesizeofhis.注意：此结构中常用的名词有：size,height,weight,length,widthdepth等。[练习]完成句子或翻译。1).这把尺子是那把的三倍那么长。__________________________________________________________________________________________2).到的学生是我们预计的五倍。Thereare____________________________________weexpected.Keys:1).Thisruleristhreetimesaslongasthatone.=Thisruleristhreetimeslongerthanthatone.=Thisruleristhreetimesthelengthofthatone.2).fourtimesasmanystudentsas课文要点（模块）Ⅰ.课文词汇填空（旨在复习本课文中的单词拼写和主要词语等）根据课文内容完成下面语法填空，注意单词拼写和词语用法：Astheresultof"BigBang",theviolentearthslowlysettledintoaglobe1(move)aroundthesun.Thegasseswhichweretomaketheearths2（大气层）cameintobeingfromtheexplosionofthedustball,withwater3(follow)themwhiletheearthcooleddown.Itallowedthebeginningforlife.Manymillionsofyears4,thefirst5(极度的)smallplantsbegantoappear6thesurfaceofthewater,7(繁殖)andfillingtheseaandoceans,whichencouragedthelaterdevelopmentofearlyshellfishandallsortsoffish.Astimepassed,greenplantstakingcarbondioxideandproducing8（氧气）cametolandandgrewintoforest.Laterthechainsoflivescontinued,suchasinsects,amphibians,reptiles,dinosaursandmammals,thetypicalof9ishumanbeing.Theydontonlydo10totheearthbutcausedamagetoit.答案：1.moving2.atmosphere3.following4.later5.extremely6.on7.multiplying8.oxygen9.which10.goodⅡ.课文大意概括（旨在训练用30个单词概括大意的能力）阅读课文，试着用30来个单词概括课文大意或将下面的短文译成英语，短文解释了生命如何在地球上开始的。首先，地球爆炸和产生水。因为水的存在，然后植物和动物，包括人类逐渐在地球上出现。______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案：Thepassageexplainshowlifebeganontheearth.Atfirst,theearthexplodedandproducedwater.Andthenplantsandanimalsincludinghumanbeingsappearedontheearthgraduallybecausewaterexistsontheearth.Ⅲ.课文佳句背诵与仿写（旨在培养对难句的理解和写作能力）1Whatitwastobecomewasuncertainuntilbetween4.5and3.8billionyearsagowhenthedustsettledintoasolidglobe.[模仿要点]句子结构：what＋主语从句＋is…till+时间名词＋定语从句他要给我什么礼物一直不知，直到昨天下文他来看我是我才知道。__________________________________________________________________________________答案：Whatgifthewouldgivemewasuncertainuntilyesterdayafternoonwhenhecametoseeus.没人知道我们将要得到什么样的工作，直到3年后我们从大学毕业以后才知道。__________________________________________________________________________________答案：Whatjobswewillgetisunknownuntil3yearslaterwhenwewillgraduatefromuniversity.2Whatmanyscientistsbelieveisthatthecontinuedpresenceofwaterallowedtheearthtodissolveharmfulgasesandacidsintotheoceansandseas.[模仿要点]句子结构:主语从句＋is＋that表语从句他想告诉我们的是一天下文当他在回家的路上看见一只小鸟受伤了。__________________________________________________________________________________答案：Whathewantedtotellusisthatoneafternoonwhenhewasonhiswayhomehesawabirdwhichwasdying.他缺席的原因是他在上学时被一辆小车撞伤了。__________________________________________________________________________________答案：Whyhewasabsentisthathewasbadlyhurtbyacarwhenhewenttoschool.3Theymultipliedandfilledtheoceansandseaswithoxygen,whichencouragedthelaterdevelopmentofearlyshellfishandallsortsoffish.[模仿要点]句子结构：which引导一个定语从句对上句情况的进一步说明。我们常常看到有人乱丢乱吐，这弄得我们的环境很脏__________________________________________________________________________________答案：Weoftenseesomepeoplethrowrubbishandspiteverywhere，whichmakesourenvironmentdirty.她的父母非常感激我们，医生也高度评价了我们的急救，这使得我们意识到学习急救的必要性。__________________________________________________________________________________答案：Herparentswereverythankfultousandthedoctorsthoughthighlyofourfirstaid,whichmadeusrealizethenecessityoflearningfirstaid.单元自测（模块）1完形填空阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1—10各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。字数：196完成时间：14分钟难度：***Whosaid:"IfIdidnthavebadluck,Iwouldnthaveanyluckatall！"However，notall"badluck"shouldbeconsideredasa(n)1thing.Whenlifegivesyouakick,letitkickyou2!Inthe1920s,ErnestHemingway3somethingabout"badluck"andgotjustsuchakick.Hewas4tosucceedasawriterwhen5struck.Helostasuitcasecontainingallthemanuscripts(手稿)thathehadbeenplanningtopublish.Hemingwaycouldntimaginedoinghisworkalloveragain.Allthosemonthsofwritingweresimply6.Hetoldafriendabouthisbadluck,whotoldhimitwasactuallyverygood7!Heassured(向...保证)Hemingwaythatwhenherewrotethestories,hewouldforgetthe8parts;onlythebestmaterialwouldreappear.HeencouragedHemingwaytostartagain,butwithoptimismand9thistime.Hemingwaydidrewritethestoriesandeventuallybecameaworld-famouswriter.Dontprayforfewerproblems;prayformoreability.Dontaskforsmallerchallenges;askforgreater10.Whenlifegivesyouakick,letitkickyouforwards!1.A.essentialB.confusingC.acceptableD.bad2.A.backwardsB.offC.onD.forwards3.A.learnedB.saidC.heardD.solved4.A.waitingB.strugglingC.dreamingD.wishing5.A.challengesB.changesC.disasterD.failure6.A.buriedB.failedC.wastedD.undone7.A.fortuneB.resultC.journeyD.idea8.A.weakB.importantC.goodD.last9.A.knowledgeB.confidenceC.imaginationD.luck10.A.chanceB.sympathyC.wisdomD.kick答案：文章用海明威的例子来说明一个问题：当生活给你一个打击，你就借势向前。1.D通读全文可知“不应该把所有的坏运气都看作坏事”(它也许是推动你前进的一次机会或者动力)。根据此意需要选D项2.D根据文章最后一段可以得到提示：“Whenlifegivesyouakick,letitkickyouforwards!”当生活给你一个打击，你就借势向前。3.A海明威通过这个“厄运”学到了一些东西。学到了/学会了要用learn表达。4.B从第四段最后一句“Hemingwaydidrewritethestoriesandeventuallybecameaworld-famouswriter.”可知在他丢书稿的时候他尚未成名，所以是在努力(struggling)当中。5.C即将出版的书稿丢了，这对尚未成名的海明威来说不啻是一次灾难(disaster)。6.C这几个月的辛勤劳动的成果就这样付诸东流了(simplywasted)。7.A他向朋友哭诉时，朋友却认为这是运气（fortune）。从下文他劝告海明威重新来写作并且取得成功可以看出来。8.A忘记那些不太有印象的东西，这些也是小说里不怎么重要或不精彩的(weak)部分。weak与thebest相对。9.B朋友鼓励他要乐观(optimism)，要有自信心(confidence)，而confidence与optimism并列，表达相近的意思。10.C从前一句的“Don’tprayforfewerproblems;prayformoreability.”可知不是要祈祷问题会减少，而应该去起到自己获得更大的能力。那么，下一句：不是祈祷少一些挑战，而应该祈祷自己具备更高的智慧(greaterwisdom)来应对这些挑战。不是寻找一个简单的解决途径，而是要可能的最佳的方法。2.语法填空阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为1—10的相应位置上。字数：143完成时间：8分钟难度：***OnWednesdaymorningatelevenoclock,IwaswalkingdownMainStreet.Ihadjustparkedmycar.SuddenlyIheardtwoshots.Ithoughtthey1(come)fromthebank.Irantowardthebank.Isawaman2(come)out.Hewasshortandfat3abigmoustache.More4(importance),hehadabagofmoneyandaguninhishands!5Icoulddoanything,heranupthestreet6disappearedbehindabus.ThatafternoonIwenttothemovies.7happened?Isawthethiefagainatthefootofthestairs!Itelephonedthepolicefromatelephonenexttotherestrooms.Thepolicearrivedin8thanfiveminutes.Theyarrestedthethiefjustashe9(buy)achocolatebarfromthecandymachine.Whatanexcitingday!Andbestofall,thebankgaveme10$100reward.答案：1．hadcome考查动词的过去完成时态，表枪声在我想／认为之前发生：2．Coming考查动词短语seesomebodydoingsth．的结构：3．with介词，"有，具有"：4．importantlymoreimportantly表“更重要的是”：5．Before时间状语从句，表“在……之前”：6．andand连接ranup...和disappeared两个动作，表并列关系：7．WhatWhathappened?是固定句型，表惊讶：8.1esslessthan5minutes表“不到五分钟”。9．wasbuying过去进行时态，表当时正在买巧克力时，警察逮捕了他：10．a表一份奖品：3.信息匹配阅读下列应用文及相关信息，并按照要求匹配信息。请阅读下列某书店各书架的相关信息：SectionA:Do-It-YourselfSection---Ontheseshelvescustomerscanfindthelatestmanualsonhowtodoeverythingfrombuildingacomputertoconstructingyourownhome.SectionB:Sports2)你赞成哪一种学习方式，合作学习还是单独学习?3)你以前采取什么学习方式，比较你先后采取两种学习方式上的变化及不同结果。[写作要求]1．作文中可使用自己的亲身经历或虚构的故事，也可以参照阅读材料的内容，但不得直接引用原文中的句子；标题自定。2．作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。[评分标准]概括准确，语言规范，内容合适，篇章连贯。[写作辅导]1．写作有可能用到的主要短语和单词：热情enthusiasm,合作学习studyingroups，单独学习studyalone。2．本文的概要必须包含以下要点：Iprefertostudyalone.Ifindstudyingalonemorechallengingandexciting./IbelievethemosteffectivewaytolearnnewknowledgeisbyStudyingalone.

3．本文要注意，概要一定要根据文段的时态来写。同时，绝对不能抄袭原文的句子。文章是谈你对同学间是否必要合作学习的看法，属于评论性文字，故多用一般现在时或一般将来时态。但你以前采取何种学习方式属于经历，必须使用一般过去时态。

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案：TheBestWaytoLearnInMikesspeech,weknowthathelikestostudyalonebecausestudyingaloneisthemosteffective,morechallengingandexcitingwaytolearnnewknowledge.PersonallyIlikestudyingingroups.Whenstudyingingroupswecanlearnfromeachother,shareourexperiencesinsolvingdifficultproblemsandlearnmoreinlesstime.InthepastIseldomhadtheconfidencetodiscussstudytopicswithmyclassmates.IalsohadlittleenthusiasmforstudyingasIfounditveryboring.ButfollowingmyteachersadviceIjoinedastudygroupandtomysurprisemyperformanceinclasswasimprovedgreatly.StudyingbecamemoreenjoyableandsomethingIlookedforwardtodoing,asIwasabletolearnfromaswellashelpothers.Soforme,studyingingroupsisbyfarthemosteffectivewaytolearn.

人教版新课标高一第三模块教案Unit 4 Astronomy: the science of stars

一位优秀的教师不打无准备之仗，会提前做好准备，教师要准备好教案，这是教师的任务之一。教案可以让学生们能够在上课时充分理解所教内容，减轻教师们在教学时的教学压力。那么，你知道教案要怎么写呢？下面是小编精心收集整理，为您带来的《人教版新课标高一第三模块教案Unit 4 Astronomy: the science of stars》，大家不妨来参考。希望您能喜欢！

Unit4Astronomy:thescienceofstars
Teachingaims:
1.Talkaboutshortstoriesanddramas.
2.Learnhowtoactoutaplay
3.Learnhowtorequestandorderfood
4.Learnnounclausesastheobjectandpredicative

ThefirstperiodIntensivereading
StepI.Warmingup
1.MarkTwainisprobablyoneofthefewAmericanwriterswithwhomstudentsarealreadyfamiliar.Thisexercisemakestheteacherfindouthowmuchthestudentsknowaboutthiswriteranddecidehowmuchtheyneedtoknowabouttheauthorbeforetheyreadtheplay.
T:DoyouknowsomethingabouttheAmericanwriterMarkTwain?
Ss:Alittle.
T:TodaywewilllearnsomethingaboutthisgreatwriterintheAmericanhistory.Nowpleaseread“AboutMarkTwain”onpage23sothatyoucanknowmoreabouthim.
1.StudentsreadthepassageaboutMarkTwainandanswerthequestionsgivenintheformonpage23.
a.What’stherealnameofMarkTwain?
b.Whenwashebornandwhendidhedie?
c.Doyouknowalltheplaceswherehelived?
d.Canyounamethreeofhisfamousstories?
T:Asweknow,MarkTwainisknownasahumoristduringhislife.AndthisisreflectedinTHEMILLIONPOUNDBANK-NOTE.So,todaywewilllearnsomepartsofthisfamousplay.

StepⅡPre-reading
Getthestudentstodiscussthequestionwiththeirpartnersandthenaskthemtoreporttheirwork.Encouragetoexpresstheiropinionsfreely.
T:Ifarichpersongivesyoualargeamountofmoneytouseasyoulike,forexample,onemillionpound,whatwillyoudo?Why?
(Studentshaveadiscussiononthisquestion.Whateverchoicestudentsmakehere,theyshouldbereadytooffertheirclassmatesagoodreasonforit.)
…
T:Ithinkallofyouhaveagoodidea.DoyouwanttoknowwhathappenedtoHenryAdamsinTHEMILLIONPOUNDBANK-NOTEwrittenbyMarkTwain?Haveyoueverreadthestory?Sothisclasswewilllearnthestorytogether.

StepⅢWhilereading
1.Scanning
Getthestudentstocomprehendthewholescenequicklyandaccuratelyandmeanwhilehelpthemformagoodhabitofreading.Givethestudentssometimetoreadthroughthescenesandthenanswersomequestions
a.HowdidHenryAdamscometoEngland?
b.WheredidHenryworkbefore?Howmuchdidhehave?
c.WhatdidthetwogentlemengiveHenry?
d.WhencanHenryopentheletter.
2.Afterthestudentsdiscussthequestionsandthenchecktheanswerswiththewholeclass.
T:Listentothetapeandtrytofindoutthecharacteristicsofthewholepassage.
Ss:Thisispartofaplay.So,thenarrationiswritteninthepresenttense.
T:OK.Allofyouhavedoneagoodjob.Next,let’sreadthesceneagainanddosomeexercises.

StepⅣPost-reading
Docomprehendingexercisesandexplain:
a.alargeamountof:alargequantityof;agreatdealof
e.g.Theyboughtalargeamountoffurniturebeforetheymovedtheirnewhouse.
b.makeabet:makeanarrangementtoriskmoney,etc.onaneventofwhichtheresultisdoubtful.
e.g.Wemadeabetontheresultofthematch.
c.permitsbtodosomething:allowsomebodytodosomething
e.g.Mymotherdoesn’tpermitmetorideinthestreetafteritrained.
d.byaccident:asaresultofchance
e.g.Ionlyfounditbyaccident.
e.stareat:lookatsomebodyorsomethingwiththeeyeswideopeninafixedgaze(inastonishment,wonder,fear,etc)
f.tobehonest:totellyouthetruth;tobefrank
e.g.Tobehonest,Idon’tthinkwehaveachanceofwinning.

StepⅤHomework
1.Reviewthekeysentencesinthispart
2.Previewthewordsinthesecondperiod.
3.Actouttheplayingroups

Thesecondperiod:Acting
StepIActing
T:AreyoureadytoactouttheplaynowSs:Yes.
T:Good.Let’swelcomethefirstgroupandthesecondgrouppleasegetprepared.
…
T:Class,weshouldpayattentiontosomeexamplesofMarkTwain’shumorinthisscene,whichwillhelpusbetterunderstandtheplayandactitoutmoreappropriately.Doyouagreewithme?
Ss:Yes,ofcourse.

StepIIHomework
Reviewwhatwelearnedinthisunit

TheThirdperiodWatchingthemovieTheMillionPoundBanknote

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