作为杰出的教学工作者，能够保证教课的顺利开展，作为高中教师就需要提前准备好适合自己的教案。教案可以让学生们能够在上课时充分理解所教内容，帮助高中教师能够井然有序的进行教学。我们要如何写好一份值得称赞的高中教案呢？下面是小编为大家整理的“语法系列复习专题——虚拟语气、倒装句型”，欢迎大家与身边的朋友分享吧！

语法系列复习专题——虚拟语气、倒装句型
虚拟语气
虚拟语气是通过特殊的谓语动词形式来表达的愿望、假设、怀疑、猜测或建议等语气，它不表示客观存在。
一、虚拟语气在单句中的用法
常用来表示祝愿、采用固定的倒装句式。例如：
LonglivethePeoplesRepublicofChina!中华人民共和国万岁！
behappy!快乐！
haveagoodtime!玩得愉快！
succeed!成功！
makeprogress!进步！

二、虚拟语气在复合句中的用法：
1．在非真实性条件句与主句中的用法
1）表示与现在事实相反
条件从句主句
一般过去时（be多用于were）would/should/could/might＋动词原形
例如：IfIwereyou,Ishouldaccepttheinvitation.
如果我是你，我会接受邀请的。
IfIhadtime,Iwouldgothere.
如果我有空，我就去那儿。

2）与过去事实相反
条件从句主句
过去完成时would/should/could/might＋havedone
例如：Ifyouhadcomeearlier,youcouldnt/wouldnthavemissedthebus.
如果你早点来，你就不会错过那辆公共汽车了。
Ifhehadseenyouyesterday,hewouldhavereturnedyourbook.
如果他昨天见到了你，他就会还你的书的。

3）与将来事实可能相反
条件从句主句
一般过去时（be多用were）
shoulddo,weretodowould/should/could/might＋动词原形

例如：Ifitshouldrain/weretorain/rainedtomorrow,thesportsmeetwouldbe
putoff.万一明天下雨，运动会就推迟。（事实上明天下雨的可能性不大。）
Ifyoudropped/shoulddrop/weretodroptheglass,itwouldbreak.
万一杯子掉下来会打碎的。

4）if的省略
如果条件句中有were,had,should等助动词，可将if省略，而把were,had或should
置于句首,来表达以if引导的条件句的相同意思。
例如：Shoulditrain/wereittoraintomorrow,thesportsmeetwouldbeputoff./Hadheseenyouyesterday,hewouldhavereturnedyourbook.

5)条件句或主句的省略
当有上下文或上下句中的语言环境暗示的时候，表示虚拟语气的从句或主句往往可以省略，以避免重复。
例如：——Whydidntyouattendthepartyyesterday?
——Iwould/shouldhave,butIwastoobusythen.
Iwassurprisedthatyoudidntlikethisjob.Youcouldhavedoneitbetter.（后面省略了ifyouhadlikedit.）

6)混合时间条件句与主句
条件句与主句的动作发生的时间有先后之差，应按各自动作时间搭配好相应的结构形式。
例如：Iftheteacherhadntbeenillyesterday,whocouldgiveusalecturenow?/Ifyouhadreviewedthelesson,youwouldanswerthequestionnow.

7)含蓄条件句与主句
即用without(＝butfor),or(else)代替if从句。
例如：Without/Butforhishelp,wewouldnthavemadesuchgreatprogress.

＝Ifhishelp,wewouldnthavemadesuchgreatprogress.

2.在asif/asthough引导的状语从句中用法：
在asif/asthough引导的状语从句中，谓语动词多用倒退一个时间段的方式来表达虚拟语气。例如：
Themanspeaksasifhewereaforeigner./Thespeakertoldusalotaboutthatcountryasthoughhehadbeentheremanytimes./Theytalkedasiftheyhadbeengoodfriendsforyears.

注：asif/asthough从句中不一定都要用虚拟语气。如果情况真实性、可能性很大，就要用正常时态来描绘。例如：Itlooksasifitisgoingtorain.天看起来象要下雨。（下雨的可能性很大。）

3．在宾语从句、表语从句、主语从句中的用法：
1）在wish后的宾语从句中的用法：
A．与过去事实相反的愿望：宾从谓语为“haddone”形式。例如：IwishIhadpassedyesterdaysexam.要是我昨天的考试及格了该多好。
B．与现在事实相反的愿望：宾从谓语为“did”形式。例如：Hewisheshewasascleverasyou./IwishIhadalargeroomtolivein.
C．表示将来愿望：宾从谓语用“would/coulddo”形式。例如：HowIwishIwouldgoabroadnextyear!

2)在suggest,propose,demand,request,require,order,insist等动词后的宾语从句中，谓语为“(should)do”形式。例如：Isuggest/propose/demand/request/require/order/
insistthathe(should)besenttothenearesthospitalassoonaspossible.

3)在“Itis(about/high)time＋that从句”结构中，that从句的谓语用一般过去

时或“shoulddo”形式。例如：Itishightimehe他该开始了。

4)在表语从句、同位语从句中的用法：在suggestion,proposal,request,requirement,
advice等名词后的表语从句、同位语从句中，谓语用“(should)do”形式。例如：
Mysuggestionisthatwe(should)sendafewcomradestohelptheothergroups./Hegaveanorderthattheworkbedoneatonce.

虚拟语气考点分析
1．——Alice,whydidntyoucomeyesterday?
——I_____,butIhadanunexpectedvisitor.(NMET)
A.hadB.wouldC.wasgoingtoD.did
析:此题A、D明显不合上下文，因为乙方没有去。B选项若为wouldhave则成立，可以理解为IwouldhavecomeifIhadnthadanunexpectedvisitor.的简略式。但此处是would,故应排除。只有wasgoingto可得体地表达“我原本打算去的，但是有不速之客造访”这一意思。
2．Iftherewerenosubjunctive,English______mucheasier.(NMET)
A.willbeB.wouldhavebeenC.couldhavebeenD.wouldbe
析：观察题干，可知全句表达的是与现在事实相反的虚拟语气。故答案为D。
3．Theguardatthegateinsistedthateverybody______therules.(NMET)
A.obeysB.obeyC.willobeyD.wouldobey
析：根据insist后的宾语从句谓语要用(should)do形式规律，可定正确答案是B。
4．IwishI_____youyesterday.
A.seenB.didseeC.hadseenD.weretosee
析：此题表与过去事实相反的原望，答案应为C。
5．——Ifhe_____,he_____thatfood.
——Luckilyhewassenttothehospitalimmediately.(NMET)
A.waswarned;wouldnottakeB.hadbeenwarned;wouldnothavetaken
C.wuldbewarned;hadnottakenD.wouldhavebeenwarned;hadnottaken
析：从对话看，是表达与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，故答案为B。
6.Withoutelectricityhumanlife_____quitedifferenttoday.(NMET)
A.isB.willbeC.wouldhavebeenD.wouldbe
析：without引出一个含蓄条件句，主句表述的是与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，故答案为D。
7．Whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater,itlookasifit_____.(NMET)
A.breaksB.hasbrokenC.werebrokenD.hadbeenbroken
析；放入水中的铅笔看上去是断的，但实际上并非如此，因此是与现在的事实相反，这时asif从句谓语要用一般过去时，故答案为C。
8．Youdidntletmedrive.Ifwe_____inturn,you_____sotired.(NMET)
A.drove;didntgetB.drove;wouldntget
C.weredriving;wouldntgetD.haddriven;wouldnthavegot
析：观察题干，可知if从句表述与过去事实相反的假设，因此答案只能是D。
9．Ididntseeyouruncleattheparty.Ifhe_____,hewouldhavesaidhelloto
me.
A.wouldcomeB.hadcomeC.cameD.didcome
析：观察题目上下文，特别是第二句的主句谓语为wouldhavesaid，可知if从句表述的是与过去事实相反的愿望，因此答案为B。
10．_____it_____foryourhelp,Icouldnthavemadeanyprogress.
A.Had;notbeenB.Should;notbeC.Did;notbeD.Not;be
析：根据主句谓语形式，可知从句要用haddone形式，故应选A，Haditnotbeenforyourhelp＝Ifithadnotbeenforyourhelp.（要不是你帮忙的话）
11．MrSmithwasbadlyill,orhe_____ourdinnerparty.
A.shouldcometoB.wouldhaveattended
C.wouldcometoD.shouldhaveattended
析：or可引导含蓄条件句，表达虚拟语气。根据此题内容，可知是与过去事实相反的假设，故答案为B。

倒装句型
英语的倒装有两大类型：
一、全部倒装：指谓语全部置于主语之前的倒装，有下列几种情况：
1．here,there,away,in,out,down,up,off,back,now,then等在句首时引起全部倒装。
例如：
Hereisaletterforyou./Theregoesthelasttrain./Thedooropened,andincameMrSmith./Awaywenttheboy./Downcametherainandupwenttheumbrellas./Backcametheothers./Outrushedtheboywithanappleinhishand./Thencameanoiselikethunder./Nowcomesthebus.
2．介词短语或方位名词词组作地点状语位于句首，引起全部倒装。例如：
Inthecorneroftheroomstandsawriting－table./Southofthecityliesabigfactory./Underthebedliesacat./Intheseoceanslivehugenumbersofasmallfish5cmlong.
注：以上两种完全倒装主语必须是名词，谓语常是表示方位或转移的不及物动词，如lie,live,sit,stand,be,come,go,rise,walk,run等，主语若是人称代词或谓语不属上述动词之列，则不用完全倒装。例如：
Hereitrainsaloteverymonthoftheyear./Hereweare!/Offyougo!/Thenshewenttotheshop.

3．在therebe结构中，采用全部倒装语序。例如：
Thereisabookinthebag.
表系主语
4．代词such作表语，意“这样的人”“这样的物”，应置于句首，其后全部倒装。例如：
Suchwerethefacts./Suchwouldbeourhomeinthefuture.

二、部分倒装：指部分谓语（如助动词、情态动词）位于主语之前的倒装。有下列一些情况：
1．一般疑问句，选择疑问句，反意问句要求部分倒装。例如：Hashefinishedhiswork?/Its
alovelyday,isntit?
2．特殊疑问词不作主语或不作主语的定语的特殊疑问句要求部分倒装。例如：
Whendidyougothere?/Whichdoyoulikebest?
3．only修饰动词、介词短语、状语从句，并置于句首时，主句中要部分倒装。例如：
Onlywhentherainstoppeddidthematchstartagain.
注：“only＋名词/代词”置于句首不要倒装。例如：
Onlyhecandoit.(正)Onlycanhedoit.(误)
4．含有否定意义的副词，如：not,never,neither,nor,seldom,hardly,little等置于句
首时，要求部分倒装。例如：
HardlycanIbelievethat./NeverhashebeentotheGreatWall./Seldomdoesshe
writetome.
5．notonly…but(also)…连接两个分句，notonly置于句首，它所引导的这部分要部
分倒装，但but(also)部分不要倒装。例如；
Notonlyshouldwestudyscience,butalsoweshouldpayattentiontopolitics.
注：若notonly…but(also)…连接两个主语，句子不要倒装。
6．notuntil引起一个短语或引导一个从句置于句首时，主句中要求部分倒装。例如：
Notuntilhewastendidhegotoschool./NotuntilyesterdaydidIrealizewhattroublehewasin.
7．hardly…when…;nosooner…than…句型中，若hardly,nosooner位于句首时，主句
中要求部分倒装。例如：
HardlyhadIenteredtheroomwhenthephonerang./Nosoonerhadhefinishedhistalkthanhewassurrounded(包围)bytheworkers.
8．so表“也”、“同样”意，位于句首时，其后要部分倒装。例如：
Youcanswim,socanI./Ifyougo,sowillI.

倒装语序考点分析
1．Notonly_____pollutedbut_____crowded.(上海高考)
A.wasthecity;werethestreetsB.thecitywas;thestreetswere
C.wasthecity;thestreetswereD.thecitywas;werethestreets
析：notonly部分要部分倒装，可排除B、D。but(also)部分不要倒装，故C为正确答案。
2．Little_____abouthisownsafety,thoughhewasingreatdangerhimself.
(上海高考)
A．doeshecareB.didhecareC.hecareD.hecared
析：否定意义的Little在句首，该句要倒装，故答案在A、B之中选择一个，因A的时
态不对，故答案为B。
3．Onlyinthisway_____progessinyourEnglish.(NMET)
A.youmakeB.canyoumakeC.youbeabletomakeD.willyouabletocome
析：Only修饰inthisway置于句首，句子要部分倒装，故答案为B。
4．Notuntilallthefishdiedintheriver_____howseriousthepollutionwas.(NMET)
A.didthevillagersrealizeB.thevillagersrealized
C.thevillagersdidrealizeD.didntthevillagersrealize
析：由于Notuntil在句首，主句要采用部分倒装，这样先可排除B、C，又由于D不
应该用didnt,故A为正确答案。
5．Bequick!_____
A.ThebuscomeshereB.Thebusherecomes
C.HerethebuscomesD.Herecomesthebus
析：用一般现在时表示正在发生的动作出现在倒装句中，所以此题答案为D。（＝Thebusiscominghere.）
6．Onthewall_____twolargeportraits.(NMET)
A.hangsB.hangC.hangedD.hanging
析：由于介词短语onthewall位于句首，全句要采用完全倒装式，因为主语是复数，所以正确答案为B。

虚拟语气、倒装句型专练
1.Little_____aboutwhatothersthink.
A.hehascaredB.hecaresC.caredheD.doeshecare
2._____gotintotheroom_____thetelephonerang.(NMET)
A.Hehardlyhad;thenB.Hardlyhadhe;when
C.Hehadnot;thanD.Nothadhe;when
3.Onlybypractisingafewhourseveryday_____beabletomasterthelanguage.
(上海高考)
A．youcanB.canyouC.youwillD.willyou
4.IfI_____himyesterdayI_____himaboutit.
A.saw;wouldaskB.hadseen;wouldhaveasked
C.hadseen;wouldaskD.saw;wouldhaveasked
5.Whatdoyouthinkwouldhappenifthere_____nolightduringthedays?
A.isB.willbeC.wereD.wouldbe
6._____yousucceedineverythingand_____youbehealthy.
A.Hope;wishB.Wish;hopeC.May;mayD.Expect;hope
7.Butforyourhelp,I_____theplace.
A.cantfindB.canthavefoundC.couldnthavefoundD.haventfound
8.Ifherlawyer_____herelastSunday,he_____herfromgoing.
A.hadbeen;wouldhavepreventedB.hadbeen;wouldprevent
C.were;wouldpreventD.were;wouldhaveprevented
9.Ifithadnotbeenfortheliberation,nochanges_____placeinmyhometown.
A.wouldhavetakenB.wouldhavebeentakenC.willtakenD.willbetaken
10._____latetommorrow,whowouldtakeherplace?
A.ShouldMissGreencomeB.IfMissGreenwouldcome
C.MissGreenshouldcomeD.IfMissGreencomes
11._____it_____,thecrops_____besaved.
A.Had;rained;couldB.Should;rain;would
C.If;rains;shouldD.Would;rain;should
12.Theactorisoverfifty.Butheactsasifhe_____ayoungman.
A.isB.willbeC.shouldbeD.were
13.Itseemsasifit____alreadysummernow.
A.wereB.beC.isD.hadbeen
14.IwishI_____himthedaybeforeyesterday.
A.sawB.couldseeC.hadseenD.wasseeing
15.Imadethesuggestionthatthey_____theplantheyhadmade.
A.sticktoB.stucktoC.insistD.insistedon
16.Itissuggestedthatastudyplan_____rightnow.
A.ismadeB.istobemadeC.bemadeD.hadbeenmade
17.Theyrequiredthatwe_____themgetinthecrops.
A.helpB.helpedC.werehelpingD.wouldhelp
18.Sheshouldhaveattendedtheclass,butshe_____.
A.hadntB.hasntC.didntD.doesnt

19.Itwasorderedthatnosmoking_____inthelibrary,whichmadethesmokersunhappy.
A.isforbiddenB.wouldpermitC.beallowedD.shouldnotbeallowed
20.Notonce_____hisviewoflife.
A.didthegentlemanmentionB.thegentlemanmentioned
C.mentionedthegentlemanD.doesthegentlemanmention
21.Inthesun_____agroupofyoungsoldiers,guninhand.
A.didstandB.hadstoodC.standingD.stood
22.——Youforgottohandinyourhomeworkyesterday.
——Goodheavens!_____.Hereyouare.
A.SoIdidB.SodidIC.Idid,tooD.Soyouhave
23._____withhisslippersonwhenheheardtheterriblenoise.
A.OutdidherushB.RushedheoutC.OutrushedheD.Outherushed
24.Nosooner_____finishedthecomposition_____thelightwentout.
A.Ihad;whenB.Ihad;thanC.hadI;whenD.hadI;than
25.Itwasnotuntil_____topreparehislessons.
A.didhisfathercomeinthattheboybegan
B.hisfathercameinthattheboybegan
C.didhisfathercomeindidtheboybegin
D.hisfathercameindidtheboybegin
26._____,soyouarenotafriendofmine.
A.IneversawyoubeforeB.NeverbeforeIhaveseenyou
C.NeverbeforehaveIseenyouD.NeverhadIseenyoubefore
27.——Davidhasmadegreatprogressrecently.
——_____,and_____.(上海高考)
A.Sohehas;soyouhaveB.Sohehas;sohaveyou
C.Sohashe;sohaveyouD.Sohashe;soyouhave
28.Never_____tilltomorrowwhatmaybedonetoday.
A.putoffB.doputoffC.didyouputoffD.youwillputoff
29.——Haveyouwrittentheseletters?
——No,_____timetodoanyotherworkyet.
A.hardlyIhaveB.Ihavehadhardly
C.IhavehardlyhadD.Ihardlyhavehad
30._____getsuchapairofshoesformyson?
A.WheredoyouthinkcanIB.DoyouthinkwherecanI
C.DoyouthinkwhereIcanD.WheredoyouthinkIcan
31.Then_____thattheenemyweregone.
A.thenewscameB.camethenewsC.didthenewscomeD.didcomethenews
32.——Whatabeautifulbridge,_____?
——Yes,_____?
A.isntit;isntitB.isit;isitC.isntit;itisD.isit;itisnt
33.Alongthepath_____,onwhich_____“KeepofftheGrass”.
A.stoodsomesigns;werewrittenB.stoodsomesigns;wrote
C.somesignsstood;werewrittenD.somesignsstood;wrote
34.Hetookataxisothathe_____thereintime.
A.wasabletobeB.gotC.couldgetD.shouldget
35.IdratherTom_____tomorrow.
A.comeB.wouldcomeC.cameD.willcome
36.Itisabouttimeyou____themedicine,sir.
A.willtakeB.shouldtakeC.musttakeD.aretotake
37.Ifthere_____noelectricityinthefuture,ourlife_____changealot.
A.willbe;willB.is;willC.shouldbe;wouldD.wouldbe;would
38.WithouttheCommunistPartythere____NewChina.
A.hadntbeenaB.isnotaC.wouldbenoD.wasnota
39.There_____alotofdeerintheforest.
A.haveB.areC.isD.has
40.Fromspace_____likeahugewater－coveredglobe(球体).
A.lookstheearthB.doeslooktheearth
C.theearthlooksD.doestheearthlookM.Jab88.coM

虚拟语气、倒装句型答案
1－5DBDBC6－10CCAAA11－15BDACA
16－20CACCA21－25DADDB26－30CBACD
31－35BAACC36－40BCCBC

相关知识

Unit8虚拟语气

虚拟语气

1.虚拟语气在条件句中的用法现在事实相反的假设
(1)若表示与，则条件从句中用过去式，主句中用过去将来式（would，should，could，might+动词原形）；
(2)若表示某事将来实现的可能性不大，则条件从句中用should+动词原形也可用“wereto+动词原形”或用过去式动词。如：
IwouldcertainlygoifI___________(have)time．（现在）
Ifitshouldrain，wewouldntgoout.（将来）
（3）若表示与过去事实相反的假设，从句中用过去完成式，主句中用过去将来完成式（should，would，could，might+have+过去分词）。如：
IfIhadsetoffalittleearlier，I____________________caughtthetrain．
Shewould/mighthavecomeifshe__________beensobusy．
IfIhadnt___________(take)youradvice，Iwouldhavemadeabadmistake．
（4）含有虚拟语气的条件状语从句中，如有had，should，were这三个词的话，在正式或书面语言中可将if省略，再将句子的主语和谓语动词实行全部倒装或部分倒装。如：
___________theytime（=Iftheyhadtime），theywouldcertainlycomeandhelpus．
____________itbefine（=Ifitshouldbefine），wewouldgoforanouting．
___________Iyou（=IfIwereyou），Iwouldgo．
（4）若主句从句所指的时间不一致，即条件从句表示与过去事实相反，主句表示与现在事实相反；或者条件从句表示与现在事实相反，主句表真实情况，则从句中应采用与具体时间相对应的虚拟形式。如：
Ifit__________rainedlastnight（过去），Itwouldbeverycoldtoday（现在）．
IfI_____takenyouradvice（过去）,Ishouldhavenotroublewiththeworknow（现在）．
2．虚拟语气在宾语从句中的用法
在动词suggest，order，demand，propose，request，command，insist等后的宾语从句中，用虚拟语气（即Should+动词原形或只用动词原形）来表示愿望、建议、命令、请求等。在动词wish/wouldrather后的宾语从句中，用过去式表示与现在事实不符，用过去完成式表示与过去事实不符。如：
Isuggestthatwe（should）setoffatonce．
Thedoctorinsistedthatthepatient(should)beX-rayed．
IwishI____________asstrongasyou．
Iwouldratherthatyou____________toldhim．（没有告诉他）
3．虚拟语气在主语从句中的用法
在Itisnecessary/important/strange/natural；Itisrequested/suggested/desired/proposed；itisapity等结构后的主语从句中要用虚拟语气，即Should+动词原形或只用动词原形。如：
Itisnecessarythathe（should）besentthereatonce．
ItisrequestedthatProfessorLi（___________）giveusaspeech．
Itisdesiredthatwe（should）geteverythingreadybytonight．
4．虚拟语气在表语从句、同位语从句中的用法。
在suggestion，proposal，idea，plan，order，advice等名词后的表语从句、同位语从句中要用虚拟语气，即should+动词原形或只用动词原形。如：
Oursuggestionisthatyou（should）bethefirsttogo．
Myadviceisthatwe（____________）sendforDoctorLi．
Doyouknowtheorderthatyou（should）keepwatch？
5．虚拟语气在其他状语从句中的用法
在asif引导的状语从句中，用过去式表示与现在事实不符，用过去完成式表示与过去事实不符；
在sothat，inorderthat引导的状语从句中，常用should/would/could/might+动词原形来表示虚拟语气。如：
Theytalkedasifthey__________________friendsforyears．
Shestayedathomeforafewdayssothatshecouldtakecareofhermother．
Hetookataxitothestationsothatsheshouldnotmissthetrain．
6．虚拟语气在定语从句中的用法：
在itistime后面的定语从句中常用过去式表示虚拟。
It’stimeIwasgoing.
It’stimesomebody___________(teach)youtobehaveyourself.
7.由wish引起的表示愿望的虚拟语气
A．用wish表示对现在的愿望时，它所引起的宾语从句中谓语动词形式为：过去式（be动词用were）。
B．用wish表示对将来的愿望时，它所引起的宾语从句中谓语动词形式为：would,could,might+动词原形。
C．wish用于对过去的事实表示一种不可能实现的愿望时，宾语从句中的谓语动词形式为：had+动词过去分词或could,would+have+动词过去分词。
Iwishthathe__________solazy.
IwishI____________wastedsomuchtime.
Iwishshewouldchangehermind.
8.hadhoped/planned/thought/wanted/intended表示一种过去未实现的愿望或令人失望的事。
Ihadthoughthehadbeendeadforatleast20years.
IhadhopedthatshewouldgototheU.S.andstudythere,butshesaid
shelikedtostayinChina.
9.wouldrather.
would(had)rather,wouldassoon,wouldsooner和wouldprefer所引起的从句中要求用过去式表示当时或将来的情况，用过去完成时表示过去的情况，表示希望或婉转的责备。例如：
I’dratheryou__________theletterrightaway.我倒希望你把这封信立刻寄出去。
Iwouldpreferhedidn’tstaytheretoolong.我倒希望他不要在那儿呆得太久。
Iwouldjustassoonyouhadreturnedthebookyesterday.我真希望你昨天把这本书还了。
10.It’s(high,about)timethat句型中that从句中要求用虚拟语气形式，即动词要用过去式。
It’stimethatsomething____________________(do)aboutthetrafficproblemdowntown.
Itishightimethatweputanendtothisdiscussion.现在是我们该结束讲座的时候了
11.　虚拟语气在由某些连词或个词引出的表示条件、目的的状语从句中的使用。常见的这些连词和介词有：
1)unless(除非)，provided(倘若)，supposing(假若)，providing(倘若),onconditionthat(如果),由这些词、词组引出的从句，动词多用过去时。
除非你命令他做，要不他是不会做的。
Hewouldntdoitunlessyouorderedhimto.
假若你有机会出国，你会去哪儿呢？
Providingyouhadtheopportunitytogoabroad,wherewouldyougo?
12.sothat(以便)，forfearthat(以免,唯恐)，inorderthat(以便)，whether(不管)，lest(以免)，incase(假使)，从句中加情态动词，有时should可省略。
他把它藏起来以免她看见。
Hehiditlestshe(should)seeit.
我得准备点啤酒，说不定约翰会来。
IllgetsomebeerincaseJohnshouldcome.
他轻轻地进屋，以免吵醒他的同房。
Heenteredtheroomquietlyinorderthatheshouldnotwakehisroommate．
13.ifonly
如果表示对现在的愿望，句中的谓语动词常用过去式；
如果表示将来的愿望，句中的谓语动词常用would/could+动词原形；
如果表示对过去的愿望，句中的谓语动词常用had+过去分词。
ifonlyI______you!
Ifonlyyou_________comeyesterday!
IfonlyLindacouldgowithustomorrow!
IfonlyIhadsaidmoreaboutit!
onlyif表示"只有"；ifonly则表示"如果……就好了"。Ifonly也可用于陈述语气。
Iwakeuponlyifthealarmclockrings.只有闹钟响了，我才会醒。
Ifonlythealarmclockhadrung.　当时闹钟响了，就好了。
Ifonlyhecomesearly.　但愿他早点回来。

虚拟语气精练60题
1.Theboyacted____hehadneverlivedinCanadabefore.
A.asthoughB.evenifC.asD.since
2.Ifyouwereoldenough,I____youtogothereyesterday.
A.willallowB.shouldallowC.wouldhaveallowedD.hadallowed
3.Thesecretarysuggestedthatthey____themeninatonce.
A.hadbroughtB.shouldhavebroughtC.broughtD.bring
4.Ifwearrivedheretenminutesearlier,we___thebus.
AshouldhavecatchB.wouldhavecaughtC.hadcaughtD.wouldcatch
5.Donttouchthesleepingtiger.Ifhewokeup,he_____you.
A.wouldattackB.shouldattackC.wouldhaveattackedD.willattack
6.Withoutelectricity,humanlife_____quitedifferenttoday.
A.isB.willbeC.wouldhavebeenD.wouldbe
7.HowIwishI____toreapairthewatch!Ionlymadeitworse.
A.hadtriedB.hadnttriedC.havetriedD.didnttry
8.Hedemandedthatthelaboratoryreport___immediatelyaftertheexperimentwasdone.
A.waswrittenB.bewrittenC.mustbewrittenD.wouldbewritten
9.IfonlyI_____howtooperateanelectroniccomputerasyoudo.
A.hadknownB.wouldknowC.shouldknowD.knew
10.Ifhe___totheteacherattentively,he___theanswertotheproblemnow.
A.hadlistened,wouldhaveknownB.listened,wouldknow
C.listened,wouldhaveknownD.hadlistened,wouldknow
11.Iwouldhavecomeearlier,butI___thatyouwerewaitingforme.
A.didn’tknowB.hadn’tknowC.wouldhaveknownD.haven’tknown
12.ItisreallystrangethatMarry,whoisstillacollegestudnet,___soearly.
A.hasbeenmarriedB.hasmarriedC.bemarriedD.wouldmarry
13.Theteacheragreedtothesuggestionthatthestudents___twoweekstopreparefortheexam.
A.giveB.shouldgiveC.begivenD.wouldbegiven
14.Iwasbusyyesterday,otherwiseI___yourbirthdayparty.
A.attendedB.hadattendedC.wouldattendD.wouldhaveattended
15.Thetwostrangerstalkedasifthey___friendsforyears.
A.wereB.wouldbeC.havebeenD.hadbeen
16.Itisimportantthatyou___acommunicationwithMr.Williansimmediately.
A.haveB.hadC.willhaveD.wouldhave
17.Itishightimewe___upourresults.
A.sumB.summedC.willsumD.wouldsum
18.Ifthedoctorhadbeenavailable,thechild___.
A.wouldnotdieB.wouldnothavediedC.couldnotdieD.couldnothavedied
19.Ican’tstandhim.Healwaystalksasthoughhe_______everything.
A.knewB.knowsC.hasknownD.hadknown
20.Ifyouhadtoldmeinadvance,I___himattheairport.
A.wouldmeetB.wouldhadmeetC.wouldhavemetD.wouldhavemeet
21.Kunarcantakehiscarapartandputitbacktogetheragain.Icertainlywishhe___mehow.
A.teachesB.willteachC.hastaughtD.wouldteach
22.Iwouldhavecalledyouupforhelphaditbeenpossible,butI___yourphonenumberthen.
A.hadn’thadB.didn’thaveC.shouldn’thaveD.couldn’thave
23.Ifit___anothertenminutes,thegamewouldhavebeencalledoff.
A.hadrainedB.wouldhadrainedC.haveseenD.didsee
24.Hesuggestedthatthey___useatrickinsteadoffighting.
A.shouldB.wouldC.doD.had
25.“Whydidn’tyoubuyanewcar?”“IwouldhaveboughtoneifI___enoughmoney.”
A.hadB.havehadC.wouldhaveD.hadhad
26.Irecommendedthatthestudent___hiscompositionassoonaspossible.
A.finishingwritingB.shouldfinishthewritingC.finishwritingD.finishedwriting
27.TheBakersarrivedlastnight,ifthey’donlyletusknowearlier,___atthestation.
A.we’dmeetthemB.we’llmeetthemC.we’dhavemetthemD.we’vemetthem
28.Wemighthavefailedifyou___usahelpinghand.
A.havenotgivenB.wouldnotgiveC.hadnotgivenD.didnotgive
29.TheLawrequiresthateveryone___hiscarcheckedatleastonceayear.
A.hasB.hadCwillhaveD.have
30ThelibrarianinsiststhatJohn___nomorebooksfromthelibrarybeforehereturnsallthebookshehadborrowed.
A.willtakeB.tookC.takeD.takes
31.Thencameawordfromourbossthatweall___atpresentathisofficerightaway.
A.beB.tobeC.wouldbeD.shallbe
32.---Helencouldn’tgottoFranceafterall.
----That’stoobad,I’msureshewouldhaveenjoyeditif___.
A.she’sgoneB.she’llgoC.she’dgoneD.she’dgo
33Imustgothereearlier.JohnhassuggestedthatI___anhourbeforethediscussionbegins.
A.goB.shallgoC.willgoD.wouldgo
34.Butfortheguidanceofourinstructor(导师),we___intheexperiment.
A.shouldn’tsucceedB.couldnothavesucceed
C.willnotsucceedD.shouldnothavesucceeded
35.Inthepastmengenerallywouldratherthattheirwives______inthehome.
A.workedB.wouldworkC.workD.wereworking
.36.Johndidnotfeelwellyesterday;otherwisehe_______toseehisclassmatesoff.
A.cameB.wouldcomeC.wouldhavecomeD.shouldbecoming
37.It’sabouttimepeople______noticeofwhatwomendidduringthewar.
A.takeB.tookC.havetakenD.willtake
38Somepeoplearetooparticularaboutschoolrecords,insistingthateveryapplicant______alldiplomasfromelementaryschooltouniversity.
A.hasB.willhaveC.shouldhaveD.musthave
39.Withoutelectroniccomputers,muchoftoday’sadvancedtechnology_______..
A.willnothavebeenachievedB.havenotbeenachieved
C.wouldnothavebeenachievedD.hadnotbeenachieved
40.Thesunrisesintheeastandsetsinthewest,soitseemsasifthesun________roundtheearth.
A.werecirclingB.circlesC.iscirclingD.becircling
41.Thereisarealpossibilitythattheseanimalscouldbefrightened,_______asuddenloudnoise.
A.beingthereB.shouldtherebeC.therewasD.therehavingbeen
42._______morecareful,hisshipwouldnothavesunk.
A.IfthecaptainwereB.Hadthecaptainbeen
C.ShouldthecaptainbeD.Ifthecaptainwouldhavebeen
43.ItishardformetoimaginewhatIwouldbedoingtodayifI________inlove，attheageofseven，withtheMelindaCoxLibraryinmyhometown.
A.wouldn’thavefallenB.hadnotfallenC.shouldfallD.weretofall
44.Sheinsistedthatshe________illofhimbehindhim，buthedidn’tbelieveit.
A.hadn’tspokenB.shouldn’tspeakC.wouldn’tspeakD.notspeak
45.Shecouldn’thaveansweredthequestionifshe________afewbooksonworldhistory.
A.hadn’treadB.hasn’treadC.wouldn’treadD.didn’tread
46.IwenttothemeetingyesterdaybecauseI_______nothingaboutthediscussionwithoutattendingit.
A.didn’tknowB.wouldknowC.knewD.wouldhaveknown
47.Isn’titabouttimethatyou________topickupthevisitorsfromNewYork?
A.wentB.shouldgoC.goD.willgo
48.Whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater，itlooksasifit________.
A.breaksB.hasbrokenC.werebrokenD.hadbeenbroken
49.Hissilenceatthemeetingsuggestedthathe________toyourplan.
A.didn’tagreeB.hadn’tagreedC.wouldn’tagreeD.notagree
50..Theyoungmaninsistedthathe________nothingwrongand________freeimmediately.
A.did;setB.haddone;shouldbesetC.do;besetD.haddone;mustbeset
51.Ifyou________toseeMary,whatwouldyoutellher?
AareBwillbegoingChadDwere
52.Ifthewholeoperation____________beforehand,agreatdealoftimeandmoneywouldhavebeenlost.
AwasnotplannedBhasnotbeenplannedChadnotbeenplannedDwerenotplanned
53.IfI__________harderatschool,Iwouldbesittinginacomfortableofficenow.
AhadworkedBworkedCweretoworkDwereworking
54.IwishI____________longerthismorning,butIhadtogetupandcometoclass.
AcouldhavesleptBsleptCmighthavesleptDhaveslept
55.“Youareveryselfish.It’shightimeyou_________youarenotthemostimportantpersonintheworld,”Edgarsaidtohisbossangrily.
AhaverealizedBrealisedCrealizeDshouldrealise
56.IfIhadn’tstoodundertheladdertocatchyouwhenyoufell,you___________now.
Awouldn’tbesmilingBcouldn’thavesmiledCwon’tsmileDdidn’tsmile
57.__________formyillness,Iwouldhavelenthimahelpinghand.
ANotbeingBHaditnotbeenCwithoutbeingDNothavingbeen
58.Wereshetoleaverightnow,she___________thereonSunday.
AhadgotBmighthavegotCwouldgotDhasgot
59.Thechildreninthebackseatmighthavebeenseriouslyinjuredifthedriver________thatthey
wearseatbelts.
Ahasn’tbeeninsistingBhadn’tinsistedCwouldn’tinsistDwasn’tinsisting
60.ifonlyI_________morecarefulthatday!
AcouldbeBwouldhavebeenCshouldbeDhadbeen

高考英语备考虚拟语气

一名优秀的教师就要对每一课堂负责，教师要准备好教案，这是老师职责的一部分。教案可以保证学生们在上课时能够更好的听课，帮助教师能够井然有序的进行教学。那么一篇好的教案要怎么才能写好呢？小编收集并整理了“高考英语备考虚拟语气”，供大家借鉴和使用，希望大家分享！

2011高考英语备考（考点聚焦+名题导解）虚拟语气一、考点聚焦1、虚拟语气用于条件状语从句中（1）表示与现在事实相反的假设，条件状语从句中的谓语动词用“过去式（be动词的过去式用were）”，而主句中的谓语动词用“would/should/could/might+动词原形”。如：IfIwereaboy,Iwouldjointhearmy.Ifthehadtime,sheshouldgowithyou.（2）表示与过去的事实相反，条件状语从句中的谓语动词用过去完成时，主句中的谓语动词则用“would/should/might/could+have+过去分词”。如：Ifhehadtakenmyadvice,hewouldhavesucceededinthecompetition.（3）表示与将来事实相反，条件状语从句中的谓语动词一般过去时或should(wereto)+动词原形，而主句中的谓语动词则用would/should/couldmight+动词原形。如；Ifitweretoraintomorrow,thefootballmatchwouldbeputoff.（4）当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作相应调整。如：Iftheyhadworkedhard,theywouldbeverytired.(从句说的是过去，主句指的是现在)以下表格是虚拟语气用于条件状语从句中时，主句和从句谓语动词的形式：

条件状语从句

主句

与过去事实相反

had+过去分词

should/would/could/might+have+过去分词

与现在事实相反

一般过去时(be用were)

would/should/could/might+动词原形

与将来事实相反

一般过去时或should(wereto)+动词原形

Would/should/cold/might+动词原形有时侯在使用时可省略if,句子则可换成下列形式，即“were/had/should+主语”。如：WereIaboy,Iwouldjointhearmy.Hadhetakenmyadvice,hewouldhavesucceeded.Wereitnotfortheexpense,IwouldgotoBritain.[ks5u.comKS5U.COM]2、虚拟语气用于名词性从句（1）虚拟语气在宾语从句中的运用。①“wish+宾语从句”表示不能实现的愿望，译为“要是……就好了”等。表示现在不能实现的愿望，从句中的谓语动词用一般过去时；表示将来不能实现的愿望，从句中的谓语动词用“would/could+动词原形”；表示过去不能实现的愿望，从句中的谓语动词用“had+过去分词”或“could(should)+have+过去分词”。如：

Iwishitwerespringalltheyearround.

IwishIhadknowntheanswer.

IwishIcouldflylikeabird.

②在表示建议、要求、命令等的动词suggest、advise、propose、demand、require、insistrequest、command、order等后的宾语从句中，谓语动词用should+动词原形或是动词原形。如：

Shesuggestedwe(should)leavehereatonce.

Thedoctororderedsheshouldbeoperated.

（2）虚拟语气在同位语从句和表语从句中的运用。

作表示建议、要求、命令等的名词advise、idea、order、demand、plan、proposal、suggestion、request等的表语从句和同位语从句，从句中的谓语动词用“（should）+动词原形”。如：

Hissuggestionthatwe(should)gotoShanghaiiswonderful.

Myideaisthatthey(should)pay100dollars.

（3）虚拟语气在主语从句中的运用。

在主语从句中，谓语动词的虚拟语气用“should+动词原形”的结构，表示惊奇、不相信、理应如此等。如：

Itisnecessary(important,natural,strange,etc.)thatweshouldcleantheroomeveryday.

Itwasapity(ashame,nowonder,etc.)thatyoushouldbesocareless.

Itwillbedesired(suggested,decided,ordered,requested,proposed,etc.)thatsheshouldfinishherhomeworkthisafternoon.

注意：这种从句表示的是事实。如果说人对这种事实表现出惊奇的情感，就可用虚拟语气。反之，如果不表示惊奇等情感，that从句也可用陈述句语气。如：

Itispitythatyoucan’tswim.

3、虚拟语气在其他场合的运用

（1）虚拟语气在asif/asthough、evenif/eventhough等引导的表语从句或状语从句中，如果从句表示的动作发生在过去，用过去完成时；指现在状况，则用一般过去时；指将来状况则用过去将来时。如：

Hediditasifhewereanexpert.

Evenifshewerehere,shecouldnotsolvetheproblem.

（2）虚拟语气用于定语从句中。

这种从句常用于句型“Itis(high)time(that)…”中，定语从句的谓语动词用一般过去时(be用were)或should+动词原形，意思是“(现在)该……”。如：

It’stimethatIpickedupmydaughter.

It’shightimeweweregoing.

（3）虚拟语气用在ifonly引导的感叹句中。如：

IfonlyIwereabird.

IfonlyIhadtakenhisadvice.

（4）虚拟语气在一些简单句中的运用。

①情态动词的过去式用于现在时态时，表示说话人谦虚、客气、有礼貌或语气委婉，常出现在日常会话中。如：

Itwouldbebetterforyounottostayuptoolate.

Wouldyoubekindenoughtoclosethedoor?

②用于一些习惯表达法中。如：

Wouldyoulikeacupoftea?

Iwouldrathernottellyou.L二、精典名题导解选择填空1.Whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater,itlooksasifit_______.A.breaksB.hasbrokenC.werebrokenD.hadbeenbroken解析：答案为C。本题考查的是asif引导的让步状语从句中的语气问题，asif引导的状语从句如果与事实一致，不用虚拟语气，如果与事实相反，应用虚拟语气。题中“当铅笔的一部分浸在水中，铅笔看上去好像断了”。而实际上铅笔并未断，与事实相反，前半部分陈述是一般现在时，因而本句是对一般现在时的虚拟，用werebroken。2.Ididn’tseeyoursisteratthemeeting.Ifshe___________,shewouldhavemetmybrother.A.hascomeB.didcomeC.cameD.hadcome解析：答案为D。本题考查的是if条件句中的虚拟语气。题意是：我在会议上没看到你姐姐，故你姐姐没来。因此如果“她来了”与事实相反，前面一句交代了虚拟语气的时态是一般过去时的虚拟，所以if从句中用had+过去分词。3.—Ifhe___________,he________thatfood.—Luckilyhewassenttothehospitalimmediately.A.waswarned;wouldnottakeB.hadbeenwarned;wouldnothavetakenC.wouldbewarned;hadnottakenD.wouldhavebeenwarned;hadnottaken解析：答案为B。本题考查的是条件状语从句与主句表示与事实相反时虚拟语气的用法。根据下一句语境可知，他事先并没有得到警告，表示过去时间的虚拟语气，故选B。4.Mr.Whiteat8:30forthemeeting,buthedidn’tshowup.A.shouldhavearrivedB.shouldarriveC.shouldhavehadarrivedD.shouldbearriving解析：答案为A。本题考虚拟语气及责备的用法，全句意为：Mr.white8:30（原本）应该到会的，但他没露面。全句谈的是过去的事，故应使用shouldhavedone结构，表原本该做而没做的事。5.—I’lltellMaryabouthernewjobtomorrow.—Youherlastweek.A.oughttotellB.wouldhavetoldC.musttellD.shouldhavetold解析：答案为D。本题考查情态动词用法，should（oughtto）havedone表示说话人对发生的事性“责备”故选D。6.—Let’sgoandhaveagooddrinktonight.—Haveyougotthefirstprizeinthecompetition?A.Whatfor?B.Thanksalot.C.Yes,I’dliketo.D.Whynot?解析：答案为A。考语境及交际用语。前句建议：今晚咱们出去好好喝一顿吧。喝一顿应有个来由和原因，且多是为了庆祝某事，所以后句问：为何事（庆祝）？你是不是在竞赛中得了一等奖？这样才能表示后者惊讶、疑问和兴奋，whatfor：为何而做某事？其余均不合语境。

高考英语语法知识情态动词和虚拟语气复习

（原创精品）普通高考英语科语法知识网络

专题08情态动词和虚拟语气

I.情态动词基本用法

情态动词

用法

否定式

疑问式

简答式

can

能力（体力，智力，技能）

允许或许可（口语中常用）

可能性（表猜测，用于否定句或疑问句中）

cannot/cannot/can’tdo

Can…do…?

Yes,…can.

No,…can’t.

could

couldn’tdo

may

可以（问句中表示请求）

可能，或许（表推测）

祝愿（用于倒装句中）

maynotdo

May…do…?

Yes,…may.

No,…mustn’t/can’t.

might

mightnotdo

Might…do…?

Yes,…might

No,…mightnot.

must

必须，应该（表主观要求）

肯定，想必（肯定句中表推测）

mustnot/mustn’tdo

Must…do…?to.

Yes,…must.

No,…needn’t/don’thave

haveto

只好，不得不（客观的必须，有时态和人称的变化）

don’thavetodo

Do…havetodo…?

Yes,…do.

No,…don’t.

oughtto

应当（表示义务责任，口语中多用should）

oughtnotto/oughtn’ttodo

Ought…todo…?

Yes,…ought.

No,…oughtn’t.

shall

用于一三人称征求对方意见

用于二三人称表示许诺、命令、警告、威胁等

shallnot/shan’tdo

Shall…do…?

Yes,…shall.

No,…shan’t.

should

应当，应该（表义务责任）

本该（含有责备意味）

shouldnot/shouldn’tdo

Should…do…?

will

意愿，决心

请求，建议，用在问句中would比较委婉

willnot/won’tdo

Will/Would…do…?

Yes,…will.

No,…won’t.

would

wouldnot/wouldn’tdo

dare

敢（常用于否定句和疑问句中）

darenot/daren’tdo

Dare…do…?

Yes,…dare.

No,…daren’t.

need

需要,必须（常用于否定句和疑问句中）

neednot/needn’tdo

Need…do…?

Yes,…must.No,…needn’t.

usedto

过去常常（现在已不再）

usednot/usedn’t/usen’ttodo

didn’tusetodo

Used…todo…?

Did…usetodo…?

Yes,…used.

No,…use(d)n’t.

Yes,…did.

No,…didn’t.

II.情态动词的重点知识

表示“能力、许可”的can和may

表示能力的情态动词用can/could

Acomputer_____thinkforitself;itmustbetoldwhattodo.

A.can’tB.mustn’tC.maynotD.mightnot

表示许可时用may/might,can/could都可以，但在问句中用could…?或might…？以使口气委婉客气，其回答一定要用can或may，以使回答口气明确（must表示一定，必须，mustn’t表示禁止，不许可）。

①—CouldIcallyoubyyourfirstname?—Yes,you______

A.willB.couldC.mayD.might

②Johnny,you_____playwiththeknife,you_____hurtyourself.

A.won’t/can’tB.mustn’t/may

C.shouldn’t/mustD.can’t/shouldn’t

在肯定句中could不可以用来表示过去某一特定场合的能力，而要用was/wereableto。

Thefirespreadthroughthehotelveryquicklybut

everyone_____getout.

A.hadtoB.wouldC.couldD.wasableto

表示“推断、判断”的can

may,must

在肯定句中都可以用来表示可能。在含义上must语气最肯定,may表示的是事实上的可能性。

Peter______comewithustonight,butheisn’tverysureyet.

A.mustB.mayC.canD.will

而can表示的是逻辑上的可能性：

Maryisinpoorhealth.Shecanbeillatanytimes.

在否定句中只能用can和may。所以can’t时用以代替mustn’t，语气比may更肯定。中文可以翻译为不可能。

Michael______beapoliceman,forhe’smuchtooshort.

A.needn’tB.can’tC.shouldD.may

在疑问句只能用can，不能用may和must。

Hemaybeverybusynow.Canhebeverybusynow?

Hemustbeverybusynow.Canhebeverybusynow?

need

need作为情态动词只有一种形式，只用于否定句和疑问句。

dare

dare作为情态动词用时有两种形式：dare和dared两个词形，除了可以用于否定句和疑问句外，还可以用于条件从句或表示怀疑的句子中。

Ifhedarecome,Iwillkickhimout.Idon’tknowwhetherhe

daresay.

注意:Hedoesn’tdare(to)answerthequestion.（否定句）

Doesshedare(to)enterthedarkroom?（疑问句）

shall

用于第一人称：征求对方的意见。

Whatshallwedothisevening?

用于第二、三人称：警告、命令、允诺、威胁等。

Youshallfailifyoudon’tworkharder.警告

HeshallhavethebookwhenIfinishreading.允诺

Heshallbepunished.威胁

should

劝告、建议、命令、应该做、道义上的责任。

Youshould(oughtto)gotoclassrightaway.

Ishould(oughtto)helphimbecauseheisintrouble.

will/would

请求、建议，would比will委婉客气。

Wouldyoupassmethebook?

表示意志、愿望和决心。

Iwillneverdothatagain.

Theyaskedusifwewoulddothatagain

would可表示过去反复发生的动作或某种倾向。

Duringthevacationhewouldvisitmeeveryweek

Thewoundwouldnotheal.（伤口老是不能愈合）

would表示估计或猜想。

Itwouldbeabouttenwhenhelefthome.

Whatwouldshebedoingthere?

情态动词+havedone的用法

could+havedone：本可以做而实际上未能做。

Youcouldhavedonebetter,butyoudidn’ttryyourbest.

cannot+havedone：表示对现在或过去行为的否定推测。

Hecannothavebeentothattown.

can+主语+havedone：表示对过去行为的怀疑或不肯定（用在疑问句中）。

Canhehavegotthebook?

might(may)+havedone：对过去发生的行为不太肯定的推测。

Hemaynothavefinishedthework.

Ifwehadtakentheotherroad,wemighthavearrivedearlier.

must+havedone：对过去发生的行为肯定的推测。

其否定式为：cannothavedone。

Youmusthaveseenthefilm.

Youcannothaveseenthefilm.

needn’t+havedone：本来不必要做的而实际上又做了。

Youneedn’thavewateredtheflowers,foritisgoingtorain.

注意：didn’tneedto(haveto)do：

没有必要做而实际上也没有做

Ididn’tneedtocleanthewindows.Mysisterdidit2hoursago.

should(oughtto)+havedone：本来应该做而实际上又没有做。其否定形式表示某中行为不该发生却发生了。

Youshouldhavestartedearlier,butyoudidn’t.

Sheshouldn’thavetakenawaymymeasuringtape,

forIworkedtouseit.

注意：Heshouldhavefinishedtheworkbynow.（表推测）

虚拟语气

类别

用法

例句

If引导的

条件从句

与现在事实相反

从句动词：过去式（be用were）

主句动词：should/would/could/might+do

Ifhewerehere,hewouldhelpus.

与过去事实相反

从句动词：had+done

主句动词：should/would/could/might+have+done

IfIhadbeenfree,Iwouldhavevisitedyou.

与将来事实相反

从句动词：过去式/should+动词原形/were+todo

主句动词：should/would/could/might+动词原形

Ifitshouldraintomorrow,wewouldnotgocamping.

省略if的虚拟条件句

将虚拟条件从句中的were，had,should放到主语之前，构成主谓倒装

①Shouldhecome,tellhimtoringmeup.

②WereIyou,Iwouldnotdoit.

③HadIbeenfree,Iwouldhavevisitedyou.

混合虚拟条件句

不同时间的虚拟：各遵守各的规则

①Ifhehadlistenedtome,hewouldnotbeintroublenow.

②Ifhehadtoldmeyesterday,Ishouldknowwhattodonow.

③IfIwereyou,Iwouldhavegonetoherbirthdayparty.

虚拟与陈述的混合：各遵守各的规则

①Hecouldhavepassedtheexam,buthewasn’tcarefulenough.

②Youshouldhavecomeearlier.Thebusleftamomentago.

含蓄虚拟

条件句

butfor+名词表示虚拟条件

句子或主句中的谓语动词的形式视具体情况而定。这是考查考生应变能力的最佳试题。

---Butforyourtimelywarning,we______intogreattrouble.

---Youknowwe’refriends.

A.wouldgetB.musthavegot

C.wouldhavegotD.can’thavegot

without+名词表示虚拟条件

Withouttheairtoholdsomeofthesunsheat,theearthatnightwouldbefreezingcold.

动词不定式表示虚拟条件

Itwouldbeonlypartlyrighttofollowinthisway.
如果用这种方式，仅仅对了一半。

现在分词表示虚拟条件

Havingknownintime,wemighthavepreventedtheaccident.要是及时得知的话，我们也许能阻止这场事故。

过去分词表示虚拟条件

Givenmoreattention,thetreecouldhavegrownbetter.
如果多留心的话，这树本来可以长的更好。

副词otherwise表示虚拟条件

Iwastoobusyatthattime.Otherwise,Iwouldhavecalledyou.我当时太忙，否则我就给你打电话了。

连词but连接的句子表示虚拟条件

He_____fatterbutheeatstoolittle.

A.wouldbecomeB.wouldhavebecome

C.mustbecomeD.musthavebecome

其它

状语从句

asif/asthough引导的状语从句中动词用did或had＋done或would／could／might＋do。

注意：asif/asthough引导的状语从句中也可以用陈述语气：

当说话者认为所述的是真实的或极有可能发生或存在的事实时：

Itsoundsasifitisraining．听起来像是在下雨。
Hetalksasifheisdrunk．从他谈话的样子来看他是醉了。

①与现在事实相反

Hetalksasifheknewwhereshewas．

②与过去事实相反

HetalksaboutRomeasifhehadbeentherebefore.

③与将来事实相反

Heopenedhismouthasifhewouldsaysomething.

inorderthat/sothat引导的状语从句中动词用can/could/may/might/would等+do

Turnonthelightsothatwecanseeitclearly.

宾语从句

demand,suggest,order,insist后接的从句中动词为should+do

Hesuggestedthatwenotchangeourmind.

wish后的从句中分别用过去式，过去完成式和should/would+do表示与现在，过去和将来情况相反

IwishIcouldbeapopsinger.

IwishIwouldhavegonetoShanghailastmonth.

主语从句

在Itisnecessary/important/strangethat…

Itissuggested/demanded/ordered/requestedthat…等从句中，

谓语动词用should+do

Itisstrangethatsuchapersonshouldbeourfriends.

其它

句型中

Itistimethat…句型中动词用过去式或should+do

It’shightimethatweleft/shouldleave.

wouldrather所接的从句中动词用过去式或者过去完成式

Iwouldratheryoustayedathomenow.

Ifonly句型中动词常用过去式或者过去完成式，表示强烈的愿望

Ifonlyourdreamhadcometrue!

高考英语情态动词和虚拟语气

情态动词和虚拟语气

情态动词
1.考查情态动词的基本用法
①shall用于一、三人称疑问句表示征求对方意见;用于二、三人称陈述句表示说话人给对方的命令、警告、允诺或威胁等;may表示“允许、可以”，语气比较委婉。
②must用于疑问句，表示责备、抱怨的感情色彩，意思为“偏偏，偏要”，mustn’t表示禁止，是说话人强有力的劝告。cannot表示“不可能”;neednot表示“不必要”;maynot表示“可能不，可以不”。
③needn’t表示“没有必要”
④would表示过去反复发生的动作或某种倾向
⑤表示经过努力而成功的某一次动作，只能用was/wereableto,而不能用could;could还可以表示过去的某种能力
⑥考查情态动词用作答语的情况
2.考查情态动词+动词不定式一般式表推测的用法
①肯定的推测一般用must,should,may(might)或could(不用can)，其中，must的语气最强，译为“肯定”、should的语气次之，译为“很可能”、“应该”;按常理推测的may(might),could语气最弱，译为“也许”。
②否定的推测：语气不很肯定时，常用maynot,mightnot或couldnot，译为“可能不”“也许不”;否定语气较强时，则用can’t，译为“根本不可能”、“想必不会”，表示惊异、怀疑的感情色彩
③疑问句中推测往往用can或could
3.考查情态动词+动词不定式的完成式表推测的用法
4.考查情态动词+动词不定式完成式的其他用法
①should(oughtto)+不定式的完成式：本来应该做而实际上又没有做。其否定形式表示某中行为不该发生却发生了。
②needn’t+不定式的完成式：本来不必要做的而实际上又做了
③could+不定式的完成式：本可以做而实际上未能做,含有遗憾的意味
虚拟语气
1.虚拟条件句的基本结构及其用法
①与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句②与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句
③与将来事实相反的虚拟条件句
2.虚拟语气的活用
①时间错综虚拟结构
②省略if的虚拟结构
③并列连词或副词暗示的虚拟结构
④介词或介词短语暗示的虚拟结构
⑤asif/asthough方式状语从句中的虚拟语气
⑥名词性从句中的虚拟语气
⑦分词短语暗示的虚拟结构
⑧上下文语境中的虚拟结构

I.情态动词
1.表示“能力、许可”的can/may
①表示能力的情态动词用can/could
Acomputer_____thinkforitself,itmustbetoldwhattodo.
A.can’tB.couldn’tC.maynotD.mightnot
②表示许可时用may/might,can/could都可以，但在问句中用could…?
或might…?以使口气委婉客气，其回答一定要用can或may，以使回答口气明确(must表示一定，必须，mustn’t表示禁止，不许可)
—CouldIcallyoubyyourfirstname?—Yes,you______
A.willB.couldC.mayD.might
Johnny,you_____playwiththeknife,you_____hurtyourself.
A.won’t/can’tB.mustn’t/mayC.shouldn’t/mustD.can’t/shouldn’t
③在肯定句中could不可以用来表示过去某一特定场合的能力，而要用was/wereableto。
如不可以说：Theycouldjumpintotheseabeforetheboatwasblownup
而要说：theywereableto/managedtojumpinto…
Thefirespreadthroughthehotelveryquicklybuteveryone_____getout.
A.hadtoB.wouldC.couldD.wasableto
但在否定句中could/was(were)ableto可以通用:
Icouldn’t/wasn’tabletoseehimyeaterday.
④表示许可时用may/can都可以。只不过用may时较侧重讲话人的许可，而can较侧重客观情况的许可，must则表示必须做某事。
2.表示“推断、判断”的can,may,must
①在肯定句中都可以用来表示可能。在含义上must语气最为肯定,may表示的是事实上的可能性：
Peter______comewithustonight,butheisn’tverysureyet.
A.mustB.mayC.canD.will
而can表示的是逻辑上的可能性：Maryisinpoorhealth.Shecanbeillatanytimes.
②在否定句中只能用can和may。此时can’t用以代替mustn’t，语气比maynot更强。can’t中文可以翻译为“不可能”、maynot中文可以翻译为“可能不”。
Michael______beapoliceman,forhe’smuchtooshort.
A.needn’tB.can’tC.shouldD.may
③在疑问句只能用can，不能用may和must
Hemaybeverybusynow.Canhebeverybusynow?
Hemustbeverybusynow.Canhebeverybusynow?
3.表示“请求、提议”(用在疑问句中)的can和could，这时could比can语气更婉转
Can(Could)yougivemealifttothestation?
你(您)能不能让我搭你(您)的车去车站呀?
4.表示“惊讶、怀疑”(用在疑问句中)的can和could，这时could比can语气更婉转
Whocanitbeatthistimeofday?这个时候到底会是谁呢?
5.构成下列特殊句式的can
①cannot/cannever…too…cannot…enough“无论怎么……也不为过分，越……越好，非常……”
Sinceitisagoodthing,wecannotdoittoosoon.
既然是好事情，我们越早开始做越好。
②can’thelpdoing…,cannothelpbutdo…,cannotbutdo…“禁不住，不由得，不得不”
IcannothelpadmiringthepicturewheneverIlookatit.每当我看到这幅画时，我都禁不住要鉴赏它。
Whenaclosefrienddies,youcannotbutfeelsad.
亲密的朋友去世时，你会不由得感到悲伤。
6.表示祝愿、祝福的may,此时句子用倒装语序
Mayhelivetoanoldage!愿他长命百岁!MayGodbewithyou!愿上帝保佑你!
7.shall/should
用于人称意义
Shall第一、三人称征求对方的意见
第二、三人称说话人给对方的警告、命令、允诺、威胁
用于法律、法规等条文中应……，须……，得……
Whatshallwedothisevening?
注意：may用于征求对方的许可，而shall用于征求对方的意见或指示：
MayIhavealook?我能看一看吗?
ShallIhavealook?需要我看一看吗?
Youshallfailifyoudon’tworkharder.(警告)
HeshallhavethebookwhenIfinishreading.(允诺)
Heshallbepunished.(威胁)
Thefineshallbegivenincash.罚款须以现金缴纳。
should意义
①（表义务、责任的）应该
②（表预期的）应该会，想必会，一定……会把
③（表惊讶、遗憾的）竟然、居然
④（与疑问词连用，表意外、惊讶、纳闷等的）究竟是，到底
⑤（用于表示命令、建议、请求等词后面的that从句中，且should可以省略）应该，必须
①Youshouldapologizetohim.
②Thephotosshouldbereadyby12:00.
③I’msurprisedthatyoushouldspeakinsuchaway.
④WhoshouldccomeinbutmyoldfriendBetty.我当究竟是谁进来了呢，原来是我的老朋友贝蒂呀。
⑤Isuggestedthathe(should)changehismind.
Mysuggestionwasthathe(should)changehismind.
注意：oughtto表示“应该”(与should同义,只是语气稍重一些),也可表示推测。
Yououghttotakecareofhim.
Heoughttobehomebynow.
8.will/would
①请求、建议，would比will委婉客气
Wouldyoupassmethebook?
②表示意志、愿望和决心
Iwillneverdothatagain.
Theyaskedusifwewoulddothatagain
③可表示过去反复发生的动作或某种倾向
Duringthevacationhewouldvisitmeeveryweek
Thewoundwouldnotheal.
④表示估计或猜想
Itwouldbeabouttenwhenhelefthome.
Whatwouldshebedoingthere?
9.dare和need
①need作为情态动词只有一种形式，只用于否定句和疑问句。
②dare作为情态动词用时有两中形式：dare和dared两个词形。
除了可以用于否定句和疑问句外，还可以用于条件从句或表示怀疑的句子中。
Ifhedarecome,Iwillkickhimout.
Idon’tknowwhetherhedaresay.
Note:Hedoesn’tdare(to)answerthequestion.
Doesshedare(to)enterthedarkroom?
10.情态动词+havedone的用法
①could+havedone：本可以做而实际上未能做
Youcouldhavedonebetter,butyoudidn’ttryyourbest.
②cannot+havedone：表示对过去行为的否定推测
Hecannothavebeentothattown.
③can+主语+havedone：表示对过去行为的怀疑或不肯定
Canhehavegotthebook?
④might(may)+havedone：对过去发生的行为不太肯定的推测
Hemaynothavefinishedthework.
Ifwehadtakentheotherroad,wemighthavearrivedearlier.
(Mood:mightmay,possibility:mightMAY)p
⑤must+havedone：对过去发生的行为肯定的推测。其否定式为：cannothavedone
Youmusthaveseenthefilm.
Youcannothaveseenthefilm.
⑥needn’t+havedone：本来不必要做的而实际上又做了
Youneedn’thavewateredtheflowers,foritisgoingtorain.
注意：didn’tneedto(haveto)do:没有必要做而实际上也没有做
Ididn’tneedtocleanthewindows.Mysisterdidit2hoursago.
⑦should(oughtto)+havedone：本来应该做而实际上又没有做。
其否定形式表示某种行为不该发生却发生了。
Youshouldhavestartedearlier,butyoudidn’t.
Sheshouldn’thavetakenawaymymeasuringtape,forIwantedtouseit.
注意：本结构还可以表“推测”的意思
Heshouldhavefinishedtheworkbynow.
到现在他应该已经做完那项工作了。
11.其它情态动词
①haveto
haveto表示“必须,不得不”,在这个意义上与must很接近,但must表示的是说话人的主观看法,而haveto表示的却是客观需要.haveto比must有更多的形式。
TheTVsetisbroken.Ihavetobuyanewone.
Thestudentswillhavetoknowhowtousethecomputers.
注意：在回答must的问句时,否定式常用neednot(needn’t)或don’thaveto表示“不必”。而不用
mustnot,因为mustnot表示“不可以”。
②usedto
表示过去的习惯动作或状态(现在已不复如此)
—Didyouusetogotheretoseeyourbrother?/Usedyoutogotheretoseeyourbrother?
—Yes,Idid(usedto)./No,Ididn’t(usedn’t).
注意：would也可表示过去反复发生的动作或某种倾向，但是不涉及到现在。
③hadbetter
表示“最好(做……)”
Wehadbettergonow.
其否定式为hadbetternot
II.虚拟语气
(一)一般虚拟结构
类别用法例句
If引导的条件从句与现在事实相反从句动词：过去式（be用were）
主句动词：should/would/could/might+动词原形Ifhewerehere,hewouldhelpus.
与过去事实相反从句动词：had+过去分词
主句动词：should/would/could/might+have+过去分词IfIhadbeenfree,Iwouldhavevisitedyou.
与将来事实相反从句动词：过去式/should+动词原形/were+不定式
主句动词：should/would/could/might+动词原形Ifitshouldraintomorrow,wewouldnotgocamping.
注意:主句中的should只用于I、we，但在美国英语中，should常被would代替;从句中的should可用于各种人称，且不可以被would所代替。
(二)混合虚拟结构
1.不同时间的虚拟
Ifhehadlistenedtome,hewouldnotbeintroublenow.(从句与过去事实相反，主句与现在事实相反)
Ifhehadtoldmeyesterday,Ishouldknowwhattodonow.(从句与过去事实相反，主句与现在事实相反)
IfIwereyou,Iwouldhavegonetoherbirthdayparty.(从句与现在事实相反，主句与过去事实相反)
Ifyouhadn’tlentmesomemoney,Icouldn’thaveboughtthenewhouseandmostlikelyIwouldbestilllivinginthedangeroushousenow.(从句与过去事实相反，and后面的主句与现在事实相反)
2.虚拟与陈述的混合
Hecouldhavepassedtheexam,buthewasn’tcarefulenough.
Youshouldhavecomeearlier.Thebusleftamomentago.
(三)特殊句式虚拟结构
1.省略连词if。在书面语中，如果虚拟条件从句中有were，had或should，可以把if省略，把这几个词放到主语之前，构成主谓倒装。
Shouldhecome(Ifheshouldcome),tellhimtoringmeup.他要是来了，让他给我打个电话。
WereIyou(IfIwereyou),Iwouldnotdoit.我要是你，就不做这事。
2.suggest,order,propose,request,require,demand,advise,insist+宾语从句(should)do
Hesuggestedthatwe(should)savemoneyforthefuture.
Theundergraduateinsistedthathe(should)gotoworkinthesouth.
注意：当suggest表示暗示，insist表示坚持观点,事实时，后接的宾语从句应当用真实语气。
Hissilencesuggestedthatheagreedwithmydecision.
Heinsiststhatdoingmorningexercisesdoesgoodtopeople’shealth.
3.Itissuggested/advised/ordered/requested/required…+that从句(should)do
Itisproposedthatmorestudentsshouldgotouniversity.
4.Myadvice/suggestion/request/requirement/order/proposal…+is+表语从句(should)do
MyadviceisthatyoushouldpractisespeakingEnglishasoftenaspossible.
Theorderfromthecommanderwasthatthetroopsshouldsetoffforthefrontimmediately.
5.Hissuggestion/advice/request/requirement…+同位语从句(should)do+is..
Therequestthattheyshouldgetmoreisreasonable.
6.Itisnatural/necessary/strange+that从句(should)do表惊奇、怀疑、惋惜、不满、理应如此等。
It’sstrangethatheshouldhavemissedthetrain.(表竟然)
Itisimportantthatweshouldlearnfromothers.(表理应如此)
Itisapitythatheshouldnotgowithus.(表惊讶、不满)
7.wish+thatclause(did/were与现在相反)
wish+thatclause(would/could/might+do与将来相反)
wish+thatclause(haddone与过去相反)
IwishIcouldgowiththemtomorrow.
IwishIhadnevermethim.
8.Itis(high/about)time+从句(did或shoulddo)
Itis(high/about)timewewenthome.
9.wouldrather+clause(did与现在或将来相反);(haddone与过去相反)
Iwouldratheryoucametomorrow.
Iwouldratheryouhadn’ttoldherthenews.
10.省去条件从句或主句：表示虚拟语气的主句或从句有时可以省略，但其含义仍可以推知。
①省去条件从句
Youcouldhavewashedyourclothesyourself.你本可以自已洗衣服的。
省去了"Ifyouhadwantedto")(事实是:你自己没洗衣服，因为你不想洗。)
②省去主句(常用以表示愿望)Ifonly+clause(did/were与现在相反)/(would/could/might+do与将来相反)/(haddone与过去相反)“要是…….就好了“
Ifmygrandmotherwerewithme!如果我的祖母与我在一起多好啊!(事实是:祖母已不在世。)
Ifonlyshehadnotleft!如果她没走就好了!(事实是:她已经走了。)
Ifonlyhewouldcometomorrow!
IfonlyIhadtakenheradvice!
IfonlyIweretenyearsyounger!
注意：onlyif是“只要”的意思，从句中用陈述语气。

11.asif+clause(did/were与现在相反)/(would/could/might+do与将来相反)/(haddone与过去相反)
ShetreatsKateasifshewereherowndaughter.
Theytalkedasiftheyhadbeenfriendsforyears.
12.wouldlike/was/weretohavedonesomething
Iwouldliketohaveattendedtheparty,butoneofmyfriendscametoseeme.
13.butfor+名词
Butforyourhelpwecouldn’thavesucceededintheexperiment.
14.注意虚拟条件从句的特殊形式
Withoutelectricity,humanlifewouldbequitedifferenttoday.
Withouttheairtoholdsomeofthesunsheat,theearthatnightwouldbefreezingcold.
15.注意转折语气连词引导的虚拟语气
Hehesitatedforamomentbeforekickingtheball,otherwisehewouldhavescoredagoal.
ItoldSallyhowtogethere,butperhapsIshouldhavewrittenitdownforher.
Thecaptainkeptcalmintheterriblestorm,otherwisetheaccidentwouldnthavebeenprevented.
Yesterday,Janewalkedawayfromthediscussion.Otherwise,shemighthavesaidsomethingshewouldregretlater.
16.注意分词和独立结构引导的虚拟语气
Givenmorethantwohours,wecouldhavedonetheworkbetter.
Nothavingfinishedthework,hecouldnthaveseenthisfilm.

1.Whydidntyoutellmetherewasnomeetingtoday?I_____allthewayhere_____theheavysnow.
A.neednthavedriven;throughB.canthavedriven;across
C.mustnthavedriven;throughD.shouldnthavedriven;cross
2.—Mum,it’snoneofmybusiness.Why_____Icare?
—Justbecausesheisyoursister.
A.canB.shouldC.willD.may
3.—Ididn’tknowyouweregoodfriends.
—You_____.Ihaveknownhersinceshemovedhere.Youwerestudyingabroadthen.
A.mayhaveB.needn’thaveC.couldn’thaveD.musthave
4.—Theconcertwaswonderful!
—Really?HowIwishI______tothetheatrewithyouyesterday!
A.hadgoneB.mightgoC.wereabletogoD.wouldgo
5.Thetwostrangershavebeentalkingintheparkforalongtimeasthoughthey______oldfriends.
A.areB.shouldbeC.wereD.wouldbe
6.______theheavyrain,we______thetown.
A.Butfor;shouldhavereachedB.Becauseof;wouldhavereached
C.Duringtheperiodof;wewouldreachD.Inspiteof;weshouldhavereached
7.—IfWilliam_______,he_______thatgreenpeach.
—Luckilyhewassenttothehospitalintime.
A.waswarned;wouldnottakeB.hadbeenwarned;wouldnothavetaken
C.wouldbewarned;hadnottakenD.wouldhavebeenwarned;hadnottaken
8.—IsitgoodtolookupeverynewwordwhenIcomeacrossitinreading?
—No.You______becauseyouarelikelytoguessthemeaningfromthecontext.
A.can’tB.mustn’tC.don’thavetoD.oughtnotto
9.—______Iuseyourcomputertosendane-mail?
—Yes,you______.Butyoumustn’tkeepittoolong.I’llsurftheInternetaftersupper.
A.Could;couldB.Could;mustC.Can;canD.Could;can
10.Whenhelivedthere,he______gotothatbookshopatthecornerwithhisgirlfriendafterworkeveryday.
A.wouldB.shouldC.hadbetterD.might
11.—Ihearyou’vegotasetofAustraliancoins.______Ihavealook?
—Yes,certainly.
A.DoB.MayC.ShallD.Should
12.—Whathappenedtotheyoungtreesweplantedlastweek?
—Thetrees______well,butIdidn’twaterthem.
A.mightgrowB.needn’thavegrownC.wouldgrowD.wouldhavegrown
13.What______hadBobwalkedfarther,asfarastheriverbank?
A.wouldhappenB.couldhappenC.wouldhavehappenedD.needn’thavehappened
14.Hurryup,Tom.It’shightimewe______tothetheater.
A.willB.shallC.aregoingtoD.went
15.—Doyouthinkhewilldomeafavor?
—AsfarasIknow,heisthelastonetohelpothers.He______bepreparedtogiveyouahand,though.
A.mightB.mustC.canD.should
16.EventhoughI’dhurtmyleg,I______swimbacktotheriverbank.
A.couldB.mightC.hadtoD.wasableto
17.—Itisrathercoldhere.Shallwelightafire?
—No,we______becausethingsareeasytocatchfire.
A.won’tB.can’tC.mustn’tD.needn’t
18.—Wouldyouhavetoldhimtheanswerhaditbeenpossible?
—Iwouldhave,butI______sobusythen.
A.hadbeenB.wereC.wasD.wouldbe
19.Theyoungmaninsistedthathe______thesewatchesand______free.
A.stole,setB.hadstolen,besetC.steal,besetD.hadstolen;mustbeset
20.I______youraddress,otherwiseI______youlongbefore.
A.hadforgotten,hadvisitedB.forgot,havevisited
C.forgot,wouldhavevisitedD.haveforgotten,wouldvisit
21.I______youabeautifulpresentforyourbirthday,butIwasshortofmoneyatthattime.
A.wouldbuyB.hadboughtC.wouldliketohaveboughtD.musthavebought
22.—Doyoufeellike________thereorshallwetakeabus?
—I’dliketowalk.Butsincethereisntmuchtimeleft,Idratherwe________ataxi.
A.walking,hireB.towalk,hireC.towalk,hiredD.walking,hired
23.—MissWhitehasdecidedtoexploreintheforestbyherself.
—She________askherboyfriendtoifshe________gowalkingintheforest.
A.needntto,darestohttp:/B.doesntneed,dares　C.neednotto,daretoD.neednt,dare
24.Hisfailureintheexamsuggestedthathe__________theteacher’sinstructions.
A.can’thavefollowedhttp:/B.needn’thavefollowed
C.mustn’thavefollowedD.shouldn’thavefollowed
25.I_________you,butIdidn’tthinkyouwouldlistentome.
A.couldhavetoldB.musthavetoldC.shouldtellD.mightrell
26.—MsLinlooksratherakindlady.
—Butinfactsheiscoldandhardonus.You_______believeit!http:/
A.shouldn’tB.wouldn’tC.mustn’tD.needn’t
27.Themanager’shealthwasgettingworseandworsebecauseofheavyburden，sothedoctorstrongly
recommendedthatheaholiday.
A.tookB.wouldtakeC.musttakeD.take
28.—It’ssocold!Whynotclosethedoor?
—Sorry.It.I’llhaveitrepairedsoon.
A.won’tshutB.won’tbeshutC.hasn’tshutD.isn’tshut
29.Iwouldn’tmarryPatevenifshethelastwomanonearth.
A.isB.wasC.hadbeenD.were
30.Manystudentswilltakepartintheschoolsportsmeetingthisweek,soshesuggestedthattheclassmeeting_______heldonSaturday.
A.notbeB.nottobeC.benotD.benotto
31.________theproblem,hewouldnthavecommittedthosemistakes.
A.IfheunderstoodB.HadheunderstoodC.WhenhehadunderstoodD.Ifhewouldunderstood
32.—Butthosearesize44.Youmightneedasmallersize.
—Yes,I______abitofweight.Ihavebeentryingtoloseweight!
A.willhavelostB.shouldhavelostC.mayhavelostD.can’tlose
33.—AreyougoingtoLloyd’sbirthdaypartyonFriday?
—Onlyifit______,hesaidhewashavingapicnicparty.
A.wouldn’trainB.doesn’trainC.won’trainD.hadn’trained
34.IfSanluGroup__________melaminetothemilk,thebabies________toomuchfromkidneystones.
A.didn’tadd;wouldnotsufferedB.hadn’tadded;wouldn’thavesuffered
C.hasn’tadded;wouldn’thavesufferedD.hadn’tadded;wouldhavesuffered
35.—Theresearchonthenewbirdfluvirusvaccineischallenginganddemanding.Whodoyouthinkcandothe
job?
—____mystudentshaveatry?
A.ShallB.WillC.CouldD.Should

1-5ABCAC6-10ABCDA11-15BDCDA16-20DCCBC
21-25CDDAA26-30BDADA31-35BCBBA

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