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第7章动词的过去分词形式

俗话说,凡事预则立,不预则废。作为高中教师就要精心准备好合适的教案。教案可以让学生更好的吸收课堂上所讲的知识点,帮助高中教师提前熟悉所教学的内容。写好一份优质的高中教案要怎么做呢?以下是小编为大家收集的“第7章动词的过去分词形式”欢迎大家阅读,希望对大家有所帮助。

动词的-ed形式也是非谓语动词的一种,它具有动词的一些特点,同时也具有形容词、副词的句法功能,在句中可用作表语、定语、状语和宾语补足语等。

一、动词的-ed形式的特征
A.动词的-ed形式是由动词的过去分词构成
动词的-ed形式只有一种形式,即传统语法中的过去分词。绝大部分的动词的-ed形式由动词原形加-ed构成,也有一些动词的-ed形式是不规则的。
1.规则动词的-ed形式
limit→limited(限制)
pretend→pretended(假装)
escape→escaped(逃脱)
provide→provided(提供)
refer→referred(提交)
drag→dragged(拖)
pray→prayed(祈祷)
supply→supplied(供应)
2.不规则动词的-ed形式
cast→cast(投掷)
spread→spread(传播)
bite→bitten(咬)
forgive→forgiven(原谅)
spit→spat(吐)
wear→worn(穿)
fight→fought(搏斗)
lose→lost(丢失)
3.少数动词的-ed形式作定语时,读音与一般过去分词不同
learnedalearnedprofessor一位知识渊博的教授
agedanagedman老人
belovedhisbelovedcomputer他心爱的计算机

B.动词的-ed形式的否定形式
动词的-ed形式的否定形式是由not或never加动词的-ed形式构成。
Notallowedtogoin,hehadtowaitoutside.不允许他进去,他只好在外面等着。
Neverinvitedtohisparty,shegotangrywithhim.从未被邀请过去他的聚会,她很生气。
C.动词的-ed形式的特征
动词的-ed形式有被动的意思,有时也可表示完成的动作。
1.动词的-ed形式表示已完成的动作。
除了作形容词用的-ed形式外,动词的-ed形式可带有完成的意义,有的同时也带有被动的意义。
Bornandbroughtupinthecountryside,hewasinterestedinbiology.由于在农村出生并长大,他对生物很感兴趣。
Oneoftheglasseswasfoundbroken.有人发现其中一个杯子破了。
Thebooks,writtenbyLuXun,arepopularwithmanyChinesepeople.鲁迅写的这些书,受到了许多中国人的喜爱。
2.及物动词的-ed形式一般表示被动的意思。
Givenmoretime,Icouldhavesolvedthatriddle.要是有充足的时间,我就能猜出那个谜语。(句子的主语I和动词give之间是被动关系。)
WhenyouspeakEnglish,besuretomakeyourselfunderstood.你说英语的时候,一定要让人懂得你的意思。(动词make的宾语yourself和宾语补足语understand之间是被动关系。)
Theexperiencegainedinthearmywasofgreatvaluetoourstudy.在军队获得的经验对我们的学习很有帮助。
3.不及物动词的-ed形式只表示完成的意思,并不带有被动的含义。
anescapedprisoner逃犯(=aprisonerwhohasescaped)
aretiredworker退休工人(=aworkerwhohasretired)
anewlyarrivedguest新来的客人(=aguestwhohasjustarrived)
Weshouldbringinadvancedtechnologyfromdevelopedcountriesfromtimetotime.我们应该不时地从发达国家引进先进技术。
Peopleshouldpayattentiontothechangedsituation.人们应该注意到变化了的形势。二、动词的-ed形式的用法

动词的-ed形式在句中主要起形容词和副词的作用,可以作定语、表语、状语和补语。

A.动词的-ed形式作表语
1.-ed形式在连系动词后作表语,说明主语的状态。
Thestudentsarefullyprepared.学生们已做好了充分的准备。
Whenwegotthere,theshopwasclosed.我们到那儿时,商店已经关门了。
Shefeltsatisfiedwithherperformanceonthehigh-and-lowbars.她对自己在高低杠上的表现感到很满意。
Thelandremainedunexploited.这片土地尚未开发。
Hearingthenews,helookeddisappointed.听到这个消息,他看起来非常失望。
Thetopofthemountainiscoveredwithsnowallthroughtheyear.山顶上终年积雪覆盖。
比较:
要把-ed形式作表语和被动语态区别开来。作表语的-ed形式表示状态,被动语态中的-ed形式表示被动动作。
Allthedoorsarelocked.所有的门都是锁着的。(-ed形式作表语,表示状态)
Allthedoorswerelockedbytheguard.所有的门都被卫兵锁上了。(被动语态,表示动作)
PetertheGreatisburiedhere.彼得大帝就埋葬在这里。(-ed形式作表语,表示状态
PetertheGreatwasburiedherein1725.彼得大帝于1725年被埋葬在这里。(被动语态,表示动作)
2.同一动词的-ed形式与-ing形式作表语时的区别。
动词的-ed形式作表语,主要表示主语的心理感觉或所处的状态,含有被动的意思,而-ing形式作表语多表示主语具有的特征,含有主动的意思。
Theywerefrightenedtohearthefrighteningsound.他们听到那可怕的声音很害怕。
Atthesightofthemovingscene,allthepeoplepresentweremoved.看到这么动人的情景,所有在场的人都感动了。
提示:
上述动词的-ed形式,有的(如pleased,tired,excited,disappointed等)已经变成形容词,可以被very,too等副词修饰。有的(如amused,puzzled,relaxed等)还不能被very,too修饰,只能被much修饰。
Theseproblemsareverypuzzling.这些问题很令人迷惑。
Wearemuchpuzzledbyhisfailuretoreply.他不给我们回信使我们百思不得其解。
Hisspeechwasverymoving.他的演讲非常感人。
Allthepeoplepresentweremovedtotears.在场的所有人都被感动得流泪了。
B.动词的-ed形式作宾语补足语
当作宾语补足语的动词和前面的宾语之间是被动关系时,一般应用动词的-ed形式作宾语的补足语。
1.在感觉动词see,hear,feel,notice,watch,find后作宾语补足语。
IheardtheNinthSymphonyplayedlastnight.昨晚我听了第九交响乐的演奏。
Wefoundalltheriversseriouslypolluted.我们发现所有的河流都被严重污染了。
YesterdayInoticedalittlegirlcaughtstealingintheshop.昨天我在商店里注意到一个小女孩偷东西被抓住了。
Hefelthiscollarpulledbysomeonefrombehind.他感觉到衣领被人从后面拉了一下。
2.在使役动词get,have,make,leave,keep等后作宾语补足语。
①动词的-ed形式作get的宾语补足语。
Dorisgotherbadtoothpulledoutinthehospital.多丽丝在医院把坏牙拔了。
IlljustgetthesedisheswashedandthenIllcome.我得先把盘子洗了,然后就来。
比较:
动词get后也可接动词不定式或动词的-ing形式作宾语补足语,和宾语是主动关系。
Icouldn誸getthecartostartthismorning.今早我无法把汽车发动起来。
Hegothissistertohelphimwithhisclothes.他让姐姐帮他洗衣服。
Itisnothardtogethimtalking;theproblemisstoppinghim!让他说话不难,难的是说开了止不住他。
Canyoureallygetthatoldclockgoingagain你真的能让那辆旧钟再走起来吗?
②动词的-ed形式作make的宾语补足语。
Heraisedhisvoiceinordertomakehimselfheard.他提高了嗓门为了使别人听清他的讲话。
Youshouldmakeyourviewsknowntothepublic.你应该让公众知道你的观点。
注意:
动词make后的宾语补足语可用不带to的动词不定式或动词的-ed形式,但不可用动词的-ing形式。
Canyoumakethestudentsunderstandingthetext
Canyoumakethestudentsunderstandthetext你能让学生理解这篇课文吗?
Canyoumakethetextunderstoodbythestudents你能让学生理解这篇课文吗?
③动词的-ed形式作keep或leave的宾语补足语。
Theyallwenthome,leavingalltheworkundone.所有的工作都没完成,他们就回家了。
Thedetectiveandhisassistantkeptthemselveslockedintheroomallnight.侦探和他的助手把自己整夜反锁在房间里。
3.动词的-ed形式也可用在with(without)结构中,作介词的宾语补足语。
Witheverythingwellarranged,helefttheoffice.一切都安排妥善之后,他离开了办公室。
Shehascomebackwithherbackpackfilledwithinterestingpicture-books.她已经回来了,背包里塞满了有趣的图书。
Withoutanygrainleftinthehouse,thelittlegirlhadtogobegging.家里没有粮食,小女孩只好出去讨饭。
Withoutanymoretimegiven,wecouldntfinishthetaskinthreeweeks.如果不再给我们任何时间的话,我们三星期之内完成不了任务。
4.某些动词后(如want,need,prefer,wouldlike等),作宾语补足语的不定式被动形式省略“tobe”,就成了-ed形式作宾语补足语。
Iwouldlikethismatter(tobe)settledimmediately.我希望这事立即得到解决。
Idpreferthisbooktranslatedbymysister.我情愿让我妹妹来翻译这本书。
Weneedthework(tobe)finishedbySaturday.我们需要这项工作周六之前完成。
Thepeasantsdontwantgoodfarmland(tobe)builton.农民们不想让好好的农田被用来建造房子。
C.动词的-ed形式作定语
动词的-ed形式作定语修饰名词分为前置和后置两类。
1.前置定语
单个的动词的-ed形式作定语一般放在被修饰的名词之前,作前置定语。
Awatchedpotneverboils.心急锅不开。
Allthebrokendoorsandwindowshavebeenrepaired.所有的坏门窗都修好了。
Whenwearrived,weeachweregivenaprintedquestionpaper.我们到达的时候,每人被发给了一份印制好的试卷。
提示:
如要表示强调,单个动词-ed形式也可作后置定语。
Moneyspentismorethanmoneyearned.入不敷出。
2.后置定语
作后置定语的-ed形式一般都带有修饰语或其他成分,在语法上相当于一个定语从句。
Wehavereadmanynovelswrittenbythisauthor.我们读过这个作家写的许多小说。(=thatarewrittenbythisauthor)
Halfofthehonouredguestsinvitedtothereceptionwereforeignambassadors.被邀请到招待会上的贵宾有一半都是外国大使。(=whohadbeeninvitedtothereception)
Themeeting,attendedbyonethousandstudents,wasasuccess.这次会议获得很大的成功,共有一千名学生出席了。(=whichwasattendedbyonethousandstudents)
Awoman,dressedlikealawyer,cameinandtookherseatasjudge.一个律师装扮的女人走了进来,并作为法官就座。(=whowasdressedlikealawyer)
3.动词的-ed形式作定语和-ing形式作定语的区别
动词的-ed形式作定语表示动作已完成或和被动,而-ing形式作定语表示动作正在进行或和主动。
therisensun升起了的太阳
therisingsun正在升起的太阳
boiledwater开水
boilingwater正沸腾的水
developedcountries发达国家
developingcountries发展中国家
fallenleaves落叶
fallingleaves正在飘落的叶子
changedcondition改变了的情况
changingcondition变化着的情况
D.动词的-ed形式作状语动词的-ed形式作状语和-ing形式作状语一样,也可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等。
1.表示时间
动词的-ed形式作状语表示时间,相当于一个时间状语从句。
Seenfromthetower,thecitylooksbeautiful.从塔上往下看,城市显得很美丽。(=Whenthecityisseenfromthetower...)
Shownthelab,weweretakentoseethelibrary.带我们参观了实验室之后,又带我们参观了图书馆。(=Afterwehadbeenshownthelab...)
Completelyexaminedbythedoctors,hewentbacktoschoolrightaway.经过医生彻底检查以后,他立刻回到了学校。(=Afterhewascompletelyexamined...)
提示:
有时动词的-ed形式前可加连词when或while来强调时间概念。
Whenaskedwhyshewaslateforclassagain,shehungherheadinshame.当被问到为什么上课又迟到时,她羞愧地低下了头。
Oncerecovered,hewentallouttodohiswork.一恢复健康,他就全力以赴地干起了工作。
Oncestarted,theclockwillgohalfamonthandkeepgoodtime.一旦给这钟上了发条,它就会走半个月,并且走得很准。
2.表示原因
动词的-ed形式作状语表示原因,相当于一个原因状语从句。
Movedbytheheroicdeeds,thechildrencouldnthelpcrying.孩子们被英雄事迹感动,情不自禁地哭了起来。(=Sincetheyweremovedbytheheroicdeeds...)
Writteninhaste,herletterisveryhardtoread.因为写得快,她的信很难阅读。(=Asitwaswritteninhaste...)
Excitedbythenewdiscovery,wedecidedtogooutandcelebrate.我们因为新发现而激动万分,决定出去庆祝一下。(Becausewewereexcitedby...)
注意:
为了使-ed形式表示的条件、动词让步意义更加明显,我们可以加上适当的连词。
Evenifinvited,Iwontgo.即使受到邀请,我也不去。
Thoughbeatenbytheoppositeteam,theydidnotloseheart.虽然被对手打败,便他们并没有丧失信心。
Unlessinvited,hewillnotcomebacktothecompany.除非被邀请,不然他不会回到公司来的。
3.表示条件
动词的-ed形式作状语表示条件,相当于一个条件状语从句。
Heated,waterchangesintosteam.加热,水就能变成蒸汽。(=Ifwaterisheated...)
Givenmoretime,hewouldbeabletodobetter.假如多给一些时间,他会干得更出色。(=Ifhewasgivenmoretime...)
Comparedwithotherprofessors,shewasanexcellentspeaker.与其他教授相比,她是一个优秀的演说家。
4.表示让步
动词的-ed形式作状语表示让步,相当于一个thoughalthough引导的让步状语从句。
Exhaustedbytherunning,theywentonrunningaftertherobber.尽管已经跑得筋疲力尽,他们还是继续追赶着那个强盗。(=Althoughtheywereexhaustedbytherunning...)
Laughedatbymanypeople,hecontinuedhisresearch.尽管被许多人嘲笑,他还是继续他的研究。(=Evenifhewaslaughedbymanypeople...)
Questionedmanytimesaday,Andrewkeptsilentoverthemurder.尽管一天被盘问了多次,安德鲁仍然对那件谋杀案保持沉默。
提示:
有时动词的-ed形式作状语和动词的-ing形式的被动式作状语,并没有多大的区别,可以互换。
Suddenlyseizedwithahighfever,hewasunabletoattendschool.他因突然发热不能来上学。
=Beingsuddenlyseizedwithahighfever,hewasunabletoattendschool.他因突然发热不能来上学。
Broughtupinthecountryside,hefoundithardtogetusedtotownlife.因为是在农村长大的,他感到很难适应城市生活。
=Havingbeenbroughtupinthecountryside,hefoundithardtogetusedtotownlife.因为是在农村长大的,他感到很难适应城市生活。
5.表示行为方式、伴随情况或补充说明。
动词的-ed形式作状语表示行为方式、伴随情况或补充说明时,通常位于句子的后面,相当于一个并列分句。
Theteacherstoodthere,surroundedbythestudents.老师站在那儿,被学生围住了。(=andhewassurroundedbythestudents)
Hewentintotheoffice,followedbysomechildren.他走进办公室,后面跟着一些孩子。(=andhewasfollowedbysomechildren)
Theyturnedaroundandstoodinthemiddleoftheroom,completelyastonished.他们转过身来,站在房间中央,完全惊呆了。
Sheacceptedthegift,deeplymoved.她接受了礼物,深深地感动了。
注意:
动词的-ed形式在句中不能用作主语或宾语。
Invitedtothestatebanquetisagreathonour.
Tobeinvitedtothestatebanquetisagreathonour.被邀请出席国宴是极大的荣耀。
Icannotstandlaughedat.
Icannotstandbeinglaughedat.我不能容忍被人嘲笑。
三、动词的-ed形式的逻辑主语
A.动词的-ed形式在句中作状语和表语时,它的逻辑主语一般来说就是句子的主语,-ed形式和主语之间是被动关系。
Lockedup,hehadnowaytoescape.他被锁了起来,没有办法逃跑了。
Lostinthought,healmostranintothecarinfrontofhim.他陷入了沉思,几乎撞到了前面的汽车。
Shebecamediscouragedatthenews.听到这个消息,她泄气了。
Thoughitwas1000a.m.,thedooroftheshopremainedlocked.尽管已经是上午10点了,商店的门仍然锁着。
B.当动词的-ed形式在句中作定语时,它的逻辑主语是被它修饰的名词,它和名词之间是被动关系。
ThefirsttextbookswrittenforteachingEnglishasaforeignlanguagecameoutinthe16thcentury.第一批编写出来作为英语教材的课本是16世纪出版的。
Thecomputercenter,openedlastyear,isverypopularamongthestudentsinthisschool.去年开办的计算机中心深受这所学校的学生喜爱。
Alightedcandlelitupthecellar.一支点燃的蜡烛照亮了地下室。
C.当动词的-ed形式在句中作宾语补语或主语补语时,它的逻辑主语是句子的主语或宾语,它们之间的关系是被动关系。
Viviengotherfingerstrappedinthebicyclechain.薇薇恩把手指卡在自行车链条里了。(trapped的逻辑主语是句子的宾语fingers)
Thevaluablevasewasfoundstolen.那个珍贵的花瓶发现被盗了。(stolen的逻辑主语是句子的主语vase)
Wegothomeonlytofindthewholehouseturnedupsidedown.Thievesobviouslyhadbrokenin.我们回到家发现整幢房子被翻得乱七八糟,很明显小偷闯进来了。
D.动词的-ed形式有时可有其独立的逻辑主语,常用作状语(详见“第8章独立主格结构”)。
Everythingdone,wewenthome.一切事情都做完了,我们就回家了。
Allourmoneyrunout,Henryhadtofindanotherjob.钱都用完了,亨利不得不再找一份工作。
Hewaslyingonthegrass,hishandscrossedunderhishead.他躺在草地上,头枕着双手。
Allthingsconsidered,theplannedtripwillhavetobecalledoff.考虑到所有的情况,原来计划好的旅行不得不取消。
E.动词的-ed形式作独立成分。
动词的-ed形式的一些固定词组也可在句中作独立成分,不受逻辑主语的限制。
Putfrankly,Idontagreewithwhathesaid.坦白地说,我不同意他所说的。
Giventhegeneralstateofhishealth,itmaytakehimawhiletorecoverfromtheoperation.考虑到他一般的身体状况,手术后的恢复可能需要一段时间。

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高考英语动词过去分词语法复习


经验告诉我们,成功是留给有准备的人。教师要准备好教案,这是教师的任务之一。教案可以让学生们有一个良好的课堂环境,帮助教师在教学期间更好的掌握节奏。你知道如何去写好一份优秀的教案呢?下面是小编为大家整理的“高考英语动词过去分词语法复习”,希望对您的工作和生活有所帮助。

高中英语语法之动词过去分词
简介
规则动词的过去分词一般是由动词加ed构成(具体规则见后),不规则动词的过去分词见不规则动词表。过去分词则属于类动词
1.及物动词的过去分词作表语,与句子主语是被动关系,表示主语的状态,不但表示被动,还表示已完成了.Thecupisbroken.茶杯破了.
2.不及物动词的过去分词作表语,与句子主语是主动关系,表示主语的状态,只表示动作的完成.Heisretired.他已退休.
3.有些过去分词作表语时,构成的谓语很接近被动结构.
过去分词构成规则
1、规则动词:规则动词的过去分词的构成规则与规则动词的过去式的构成规则相同。四点变化规则:
(1)、一般动词,在词尾直接加“ed”。work---worked---worked,visit---visited---visited
(2)、以“e”结尾的动词,只在词尾加“d”。live---lived---lived,
(3)、以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词,将"y"变为"i",再加“ed”。
study---studied---studied,cry---cried---cried,
(4)、重读闭音节结尾,末尾只有一个辅音字母,先双写该辅音字母,再加“ed”。
stop---stopped---stopped,drop---dropped--dropped
2、不规则动词,见不规则表
一、当过去分词作为表语
Thecityissurroundedonthreesidesbymountains.这座城市三面环山.
过去分词作表语与被动语态的区别:过去分词作表语,主要是表示主语的状态,而被动语态则表示动作.
(1)Thecupwasbrokenbymylittlesisteryesterday.茶杯是昨天我小妹打碎的.(是被动语态,表示动作)
(2)Thelibraryisnowclosed.图书馆关门了.(过去分词作表语)
过去分词表示被动或完成,-ing形式表示主动或进行.有些动词如interest,bore,worry,surprise,frighten等通常用其过去分词形式来修饰人,用-ing形式来修饰物.
(3)ThebookisinterestingandIminterestedinit.这本书很有趣,我对它很感兴趣.
二、当过去分词作为定语
作定语用的过去分词相当于形容词,其逻辑主语就是它所修饰的名词.及物动词的过去分词作定语,既表被动又表完成;不及物动词的过去分词作定语,只表完成.
1.过去分词用作定语,如果是单个的,常置于其所修饰的名词之前.
Wemustadaptourthinkingtothechangedconditions.我们必须使我们的思想适应改变了的情况.
2.过去分词短语用作定语时,一般置于其所修饰的名词之后,其意义相当于一个定语从句,但较从句简洁,多用于书面语中.
Theconcertgivenbytheirfriendswasasuccess.他们朋友举行的音乐会大为成功.
3.过去分词短语有时也可用作非限制性定语,前后常有逗号.
Themeeting,attendedbyoverfivethousandpeople,welcomedthegreathero.他们举行了欢迎英雄的大会,到会的有五千多人.
4.用来修饰人的过去分词有时可以转移到修饰非人的事物,这种过去分词在形式上虽不直接修饰人,但它所修饰的事物仍与人直接有关.
Theboylookedupwithapleasedexpression.男孩带着满意的表情举目而视.
三、当过去分词作为状语
1.过去分词作状语过去分词作状语表示被动的和完成的动作.
(1)Writteninahurry,thisarticlewasnotsogood!因为写得匆忙,这篇文章不是很好.
written为过去分词作状语,表示这篇文章是被写的,而且已经被写.值得注意的是,有些过去分词因来源于系表结构,作状语时不表被动而表主动.这样的过去分词及短语常见的有:lost(迷路);seated(坐);hidden(躲);stationed(驻扎);lost/absorbedin(沉溺于);born(出身于);dressedin(穿着);tiredof(厌烦).
(2)Lost/Absorbedindeepthought,hedidnthearthesound.因为沉溺于思考之中,所以他没听到那个声音.
2.过去分词作状语时其逻辑主语为主句的主语,此时应注意人称一致.
(1)Givenanotherhour,Icanalsoworkoutthisproblem.
再给我一个小时,我也能解这道题.(given为过去分词作状语,它的逻辑主语为主句主语I,即I被再给一个小时.)
(2)_Seenfromthetopofthehill,thecitylooksmorebeautifultous.
从山顶看城市,城市显得更漂亮.(seen为过去分词作状语,表"被看",由语境可知,它的逻辑主语必须是城市,而不是"我们",因为"我们"应主动看城市.)
如果过去分词作状语时,前面再加逻辑主语,主句的主语就不再是分词的逻辑主语,这种带逻辑主语的过去分词结构实际上属于独立主格结构.
(1)Thesignalgiven,thebusstarted.信号一发出,汽车就开动了.(thesignal是given的逻辑主语,因此主句主语thebus就不是given的逻辑主语.
(2)Herheadheldhigh,shewentby.她把头昂得高高地从这儿走了过去.(herhead是heldhigh的逻辑主语,因此主句主语she就不再是heldhigh的逻辑主语.)
3.过去分词作状语来源于状语从句.
(1)Caughtinaheavyrain,hewasallwet.因为淋了一场大雨,所以他全身湿透了.(caughtinaheavyrain为过去分词短语作原因状语,它来源于原因状语从句Becausehewascaughtinaheavyrain.)
(2)_Growninrichsoil,theseseedscangrowfast.如果种在肥沃的土壤里,这些种子能长得很快.(growninrichsoil为过去分词作条件状语,它来源于条件状语从句Iftheseseedsaregrowninrichsoil.
状语从句改成过去分词作状语时有时还可保留连词,构成"连词+过去分词"结构作状语.
Whengivenamedicalexamination,youshouldkeepcalm.当你做体格检查时要保持镇定.
4.过去分词作状语的位置.过去分词可放在主句前作句首状语,后面有逗号与主句隔开;也可放在主句后面,前面有逗号与主句隔开.
Hestoodtheresilently,movedtotears.=Movedtotears,hestoodtheresilently.他静静地站在那里,被感动得热泪盈眶.
四、当过去分词作为宾语补足语
(一)能够接过去分词作宾补的动词有以下四类:
1.表示感觉或心理状态的动词.如:see,watch,observe,lookat,hear,listento,feel,notice,think等.(1)IheardthesongsunginEnglish.我听到有人用英语唱过这首歌.(过去分词sung的动作显然先于谓语动作heard;)(2)_Hefoundhishometowngreatlychanged.他发现他的家乡变化很大.(过去分词changed的动作显然先于谓语动作found)
2.表示"致使"意义的动词.如:have,make,get,keep,leave等.
(1)Illhavemyhaircuttomorrow.明天我要理发.
(2)Hegothistoothpulledoutyesterday.他昨天把牙拔了.
(3)Dontleavethosethingsundone.要把那些事情做完.
3.表示思维活动的动词如consider,know,think等后。如:
(1)Iconsiderthemattersettled.我认为这件事解决了。
(2)Ithoughtmyselfwrongedsomehowinthebargain.我认为自己在这场交易中有受愚弄了。
4.表示爱憎意愿的动词如want,wish,like,hate等后。如:
(1)Iwantedtwoticketsreserved.我要预定两张机票。
(2)Hedidn’twishitmentioned.他不愿这事被提起。
过去分词所表示的动作一定和宾语有逻辑上的动宾关系.
(二)使役动词have接过去分词作宾补有两种情况.
1.过去分词所表示的动作由他人完成.
Hehadhismoneystolen.他的钱给偷了.(被别人偷去了)
2.过去分词所表示的动作由句中的主语所经历.如:Hehadhislegbroken.他的腿断了.(自己的经历)
五、"with+宾语+过去分词"的结构
此结构中,过去分词用作介词with的宾语补足语.这一结构通常在句中作时间,方式,条件,原因等状语.(1)Themurdererwasbroughtin,withhishandstiedbehindhisback.凶手被带进来了,他的双手被绑在背后.(表方式)(2)Withwaterheated,wecanseethesteam.水一被加热,我们就会看到水蒸气.(表条件)(3)Withthemattersettled,weallwenthome.事情得到解决,我们都回家了.(表原因)(4)_Shestoodinfrontofhim,withhereyesfixedonhisface.她站在他面前,眼睛注视着他.(5)Hestoodforaninstantwithhishandstillraised.他仍然举着手站了一会儿.
练习
1.Mr.Smith,_______ofthe________speech,startedtoreadanovel.
A.tired;boringB.tiring;boredC.tired;boredD.tiring;boring
2.Ongettingtothekindergarten,themotherwasgladtoseeherbabywell_________.
A.lookedforB.caredforC.takecareofD.caredafter
3.Thetwooldsisters,_________solong,heldeachotherandburstintotears.
A.beingseparatedB.havingbeenseparated
C.havingseparatedD.hadbeenseparated
4.Let’shavearest.The_______workmademevery________.
A.tired;tiredB.tiring;tiringC.tired;tiringD.tiring;tired
5.Justasthevalueofatelephonenetworkincreaseswitheachnewphone_________tothesystem,sodoesthevalueofacomputersystemincreasewitheachprogramthatturnsout.
A.addingB.tohaveaddedC.toaddD.added
6.Asweallknow,newspapers,magazinesandradiosaswellastelevisionbroadcastscankeepus______aboutwhatishappeningintheworld.
A.informingB.toinformC.informedD.beinginformed
7.Everyonewas________byhis_______progresswhichhemadeduringthetwomonths.
A.surprised;surpriseB.surprised;surprised
C.surprised;surprisingD.surprising;surprising
8.Whenheturnedaround,hefoundapairofeyes_________him.
A.lookingB.watchatC.fixingonD.staringat
9.Thefilmyousawlastlightwasmade_________onatruestorythathappenedmanyyearsago.A.baseB.tobebasedC.basedD.basing
10.After_______hiswork,theteachercametohelpmewithmyEnglish.
A.finishedB.beingfinishedC.havingfinishedD.befinishing
11.Followthedirectionsonthebottlecarefullywhen__________themedicine.
A.youwilltakeB.takingC.totakeD.taken
12.Thestudents,________theirteachers,camehome.
A.followedB.followC.followingD.willfollow
13.Thelong-lastingwar,filledwithbloodanddeaths,endedinpeople’ssadness,_______noresult.A.reachedB.toreachC.wouldreachD.reaching
14.Theyspentthenight_________intheroom.
A.havinglockedB.lockingC.tobelockedD.locked
15.Hewrotealettertotheking___________.
A.hopingtobesetfreeB.tosethimfreeC.sothatbesetfreeD.askedtobesetfree
16.Stevenhasdevotedallhislifeto_______films,andKate,hiswife,isalso________tothedutyofherprofession.
A.make;devotedB.making;devotingC.making;devotedD.make;devoting
17.________inthedark,hisheadhitagainstatree.
A.WalkingB.HewaswalkingC.WalkedD.Whenhewaswalking
18.Timeshouldbemadegooduse________ourlessonswell.
A.oflearningB.tolearnC.tolearningD.oftolearn
19.Thefilm,________truestoryofthisRedArmygeneral,attractedpeople’sinterestalloverthecountry.
A.isbasedonB.isonthebaseof
C.whichisthebaseofD.basedupon
20.Shereturnedhomefromthemarketonlytofindthedooropenandanumberofthings_______.
A.stoleB.missingC.missedD.losing
21._________itrains,wewillstayathome.
A.SupposedB.SupposingC.TosupposeD.Ifsuppose
22._________withyours,ourlibraryis_________toosmallasize.
A.Comparing;inB.Comparing;ofC.Compared;inD.Compared;of
23.It’sdangeroustocarryahotpanwith________oil.
A.burningB.burntC.burnD.burns
24.Weweretoldthatthestonefigure_______backtothe16thcenturywasofgreatvalue.
A.datedB.datingC.comingD.kept
25.Theboylayonhisback,histeeth_______andhisglaringeyes_______straightupwards.
A.set;lookedB.set;lookingC.setting;lookedD.setting;looking
26.________intheforest,hehadtoaskforhelpbysendingoutsignals.
A.HavinglostB.LosingC.LostD.Hewaslost
27.TheGoldenGateBridge,________severalhundredyearsago,isworldwidefamous.
A.whichisbuiltB.whichbuiltC.havingbuiltD.built
28.Isuggestedthecheat_________intoprison.
A.referredtobeingputB.referredbeput
C.referredshouldbeputD.referredtobeput
29.___________,Iwentoutforawalk.
A.TherewasnothingtodoB.Therebeingnothingtodo
C.TherehadnothingtodoD.Hadnothingtodo
30.Hereturnedhometolearnthatthegirl________hadbeenmarriedthesecretaryvillage.
A.becameengagedtohimB.wasengagedtohim
C.engagedtohimbeforeD.gotengagedtohim
31.__________atfailinginthemathsexam,Johnwouldn’tliketotalkaboutittohisparents.
A.DisappointedB.TobedisappointedC.DisappointingD.Havingdisappointed
32._________inthedarkcave,hewasnotafraidofbeingfoundby________enemysoldiers.
A.Hidden;armedB.Hide;armedC.hidden;armD.Hiding;armed
33.Tohavethewonderfulcloth________newclothes,theyhadthemachine______alldaylong.
A.madeof;runningB.madeof;runC.madeinto;workingD.madeinto;work
34.TheWorldTradeOrganizationfinallyopeneditsdoortoChinaonNovember10,_______ourChinese15-yearwait.A.toendB.endedC.endingD.ends
35.If_______inwetsand,thevegetablescan_______freshforalongtime.
A.beingburied;remainB.buried;remainC.buried;beremainedD.burying;remain
36._________overandoveragain,buthestillcouldn’tunderstand.
A.HavingexplainedB.havingbeenexplainedC.ExplainingD.Ithadbeenexplained
37.Everything_________,theplanisfairlypractical,youcanputitintopractice.
A.consideringB.takenintoconsiderationC.toconsiderD.takingintoconsideration
38.________fromthemoon,ourearth,withwater_______seventypercentofitssurface,appearsasa“blueball”.
A.Seen;coveredB.seeing;coveringC.Seen;coveringD.Tosee;tocover
39.Agreatbigfellow,________around250pounds,walkedwithslowheavynoisyfootstepsuptotheproducercounterinthesupermarket.
A.weighedB.weighingC.weighsD.weighty
40.---Theplan________isofgreatimportancetoeverybody.
---Isee.Heissuretofinishitontime.
A.madeB.makingC.tobemadeD.tomake
41.Fromthedates________onthegoldcoin,wedecidedthatitwasmadefivehundredyearsago.A.markingB.markedC.tobemarkedD.havingbeenmarked
42.Hearingthegoodnews,Ifeltaheavyload________mymind.
A.takingoffB.tobetakenoffC.havingtakenoffD.takenoff
43.Thestudentswerelisteningtotheteacher,withtheireyes________.
A.widelyopenB.wideopenedC.widelyopenedD.wideopen
44.Thescientistcametothemeetingwithhiswife________him.
A.beingsupportedB.supportingC.supportedD.support
45.Thenoiseofthemachines_________canbeclearlyheardinourclassroom.
A.fixedB.beingfixedC.tobefixedD.havingbeenfixed
46.Afterafewroundsoftalks,bothsidesregardedtheterritorydispute__________.
A.beingsettledB.tobesettledC.hadsettledD.assettled
47.Thesaleusuallytakesplaceoutsidethehouse,withtheaudience_________onbenches,chairs,orboxes.A.havingseatedB.seatingC.seatedD.seat
48.__________inthisway,thesituationdoesn’tseemsodisappointing.
A.TolookatB.LookingatC.LookedatD.Tobelookedat
49._________inarecentsciencecompetition,thethreestudentswereawardedscholarshipstotaling$21,000.
A.TobejudgedthebestB.Havingjudgedthebest
C.JudgedthebestD.Judgingthebest
50.Thepresidentpromisedtokeepalltheboardmembers_________ofhowthenegotiationsweregoingon.
A.informB.informingC.beinformedD.informed
51.________withadifficultsituation,Arnolddecidedtoaskhisbossforadvice.
A.TofaceB.HavingfacedC.FacedD.Facing
52.WhenthefirstEnglishsettlersarrivedintheNewWorld,theIndians________jewellerymadeofanimalbonesgreetedthemwarmly.
A.wearingB.towearC.wornD.havingworn
53.ReadingisanexperiencequitedifferentfromwatchingTV;therearepictures______inyourmindinsteadofbeforeyoureyes.
A.toformB.formC.formingD.havingformed
54.Whenfirst_________tothemarket,theseproductsenjoyedgreatsuccess.
A.introducingB.introducedC.introduceD.beingintroduced
55.Itshamesmetosayit,butItoldaliewhen_________atthemeetingbymyboss.
A.questioningB.havingquestionedC.questionedD.tobequestioned
56.________inthequeueforhalfanhour,Tomsuddenlyrealizedthathehadlefthiswalletathome.A.TowaitB.HavewaitedC.HavingwaitedD.Tohavewaited
57.Theflowers________sweetinthebotanicgardenattractthevisitorstothebeautyofnature.
A.tosmellB.smellingC.smeltD.tobesmelt
58.Thedisc,digitally________inthestudio,soundedfantasticattheparty.
A.recordedB.recordingC.toberecordedD.havingrecorded
59.Havingbeenattackedbyterrorists,___________.
A.doctorscametotheirrescueB.thetallbuildingcollapsed
C.anemergencymeasurewastakenD.warningsweregiventotourists
60.________bythebeautyofnature,thegirlfromLondondecidedtospendanthertwodaysonthefarm.
A.AttractingB.AttractedC.TobeattractedD.Havingattracted
61.Theoldman,_________abroadfortwentyyears,isonthewaybacktohismother.
A.toworkB.workingC.tohaveworkedD.havingworked
62.LindaworkedfortheMinnesotaManufacturingandMiningCompany,________as3M.
A.knowingB.knownC.beingknownD.tobeknown
63._________theprogramme,theyhavetostaythereforanothertwodays.
A.NotcompletingB.NotcompletedC.NothavingcompletedD.Notcompleted
64.Lawsthatpunishparentsfortheirlittlechildren’sactionsagainstthelawsgetparents________.A.worriedB.toworryC.worryingD.worry
65.Helookedaroundandcaughtaman________hishandintothepocketofapassenger.
A.putB.tobeputtingC.toputD.putting
66.Sarah,hurryup.I’mafraidyouwon’thavetimeto________beforetheparty.
A.getchangedB.getchangeC.getchangingD.gettochange
67.Afterhisjourneyfromabroad,RichardJonesreturnedhome,__________.
A.exhaustingB.exhaustedC.beingexhaustedD.havingexhausted
68.Acookwillbeimmediatelyfiredifheisfound_______inthekitchen.
A.smokeB.smokingC.tosmokeD.smoked
69.Suddenly,atallmandrivingagoldencarriage_______thegirlandtookheraway,________intothewoods.A.seizing;disappearedB.seized;disappeared
C.seizing;disappearingD.seized;disappearing
70.________time,he’llmakeafirst-classtennisplayer.
A.HavinggivenB.TogiveC.GivingD.Given
71.Generallyspeaking,_______accordingtothedirections,thedrughasnosideeffect.
A.whentakingB.whentakenC.whentotakeD.whentobetaken
72.Friendshipislikemoney:easiermadethan__________.
A.keptB.tobekeptC.keepingD.beingkept
73.Unless________tospeak,youshouldremainsilentattheconference.
A.invitedB.invitingC.beinginvitedD.havinginvited
74.Havingatripabroadiscertainlygoodfortheoldcouple,butitremains________whethertheywillenjoyit.A.toseeB.tobeseenC.seeingD.seen
75.Theresearchissodesignedthatonce________nothingcanbedonetochangeit.
A.beginsB.havingbegunC.beginningD.begun
76.________tosunlightfortoomuchtimewilldoharmtoone’shealth.
A.ExposedB.HavingexposedC.BeingexposedD.Afterbeingexposed
77.Thebell_______theendoftheperiodrang,_______ourheateddiscussion.
A.indicating;interruptingB.indicated;interrupting
C.indicating;interruptedD.indicated;interrupted
78.MrReedmadeuphismindtodevotedallhehadto_______someschoolsforpoorchildren.
A.setupB.settingupC.havesetupD.havingsetup
79.__________fromhearttroubleforyears,ProfessorWhitehastotakesomemedicinewithhimwhereverhegoes.
A.SufferedB.SufferingC.HavingsufferedD.Beingsuffered
80.Themanagersdiscussedtheplanthattheywouldliketosee_______thenextyear.
A.carryoutB.carryingoutC.carriedoutD.tocarryout
81._________in1636,HarvardisoneofthemostfamousuniversitiesintheUnitedStates.
A.BeingfoundB.ItwasfoundedC.FoundedD.Founding
82.Thepicture________onthewallispaintedbymynephew.
A.havinghungB.hangingC.hangsD.beinghung
83.The_______boywaslastseen_______neartheEastLake.
A.missing;playingB.missing;playC.missed;playedD.missed;toplay
84.________thegeneralstateofhishealth,itmaytakehimawhiletorecoverfromtheoperation.
A.GivenB.TogiveC.GivingD.Havinggiven
85.Europeanfootballisplayedin80countries,________itthemostpopularsportintheworld.
A.makingB.makesC.madeD.tomake
86._________inthought,healmostranintothecarinfrontofhim.
A.LosingB.HavinglostC.LostD.Tolose
87.Theladysaidthatshewouldbuyagiftforherdaughterwiththe_________.
A.20dollarsremainedB.20dollarstoremain
C.remained20dollarsD.remaining20dollars
88._________andhappy,Tonnystoodupandacceptedtheprize.
A.SurprisingB.SurprisedC.BeingsurprisedD.Tobesurprising
89.Agoodstorydoesn’tnecessarilyhavetohaveahappyending,butthereadermustnotbeleft_________.
A.unsatisfiedB.unsatisfyingC.tobeunsatisfyingD.beingunsatisfied
90.Fivepeoplewonthe“China’sGreenFigure”award,atitle_______toordinarypeoplefortheircontributionstoenvironmentalprotection.
A.beinggivenB.isgivenC.givenD.wasgiven
91.Thefirsttextbooks_________forteachingEnglishasaforeignlanguagecameoutinthe18thcentury.A.havingwrittenB.tobewrittenC.beingwrittenD.written
92.Thecomputercentre,_______lastyear,isverypopularamongthestudentsinthisschool.
A.openB.openingC.havingopenedD.opened
93.Johnwassosleepythathecouldhardlykeephiseyes__________.
A.openB.tobeopenedC.toopenD.opening
94.Themurdererwasbroughtinwithhishands_________behindhisback.
A.beingtiedB.havingtiedC.tobetiedD.tied
95._________moreattention,thetreescouldhavegrownbetter.
A.GivenB.togiveC.GivingD.havinggiven
96.Cleaningwomeninbigcitiesusuallyget_______bythehour.
A.payB.payingC.paidD.topay
97.TheOlympicGames,________in776B.C.,didnotincludewomenplayersuntil1912.
A.firstplayingB.tobefirstplayedC.firstplayedD.tobefirstplaying
98.Thepilotaskedallthepassengersonboardtoremain________astheplanewasmakingalanding.A.seatB.seatingC.seatedD.tobeseating
99.________suchheavypollutionsalready,itmaynowbetoolatetocleanuptheriver.
A.HavingsufferedB.SufferingC.TosufferD.suffered
100.Sugar,when________withwater,dissolvesquickly.
A.mixedB.mixingC.mixD.ismixed
答案:1-10ABBDDCCDCC11-20BCADBCDDDB21-30BDABBCDDBC31-40AACCBDBCBC41-50BDDBBDCCCD51-60CACBCCBABB61-70BBAADADBDD71-80BAABDCABBC81-90CBAAACDBAC90-100DDADACCCAA

高二英语语法考点归纳:过去分词做定语表语


高二英语语法考点归纳:过去分词做定语表语

1.Englishisawidelyusedlanguage.
2.Hethrewawaythebrokencup.
3.Thisisoneoftheschoolsbuiltin1980s.
4.Pricesofdailygoodsboughtthroughacomputercanbelowerthanstoreprices.
单个过去分词作定语,常放在被修饰词的前面;
过去分词短语作定语,常放在被修饰词的后面。
spokenEnglish
=Englishwhichisspoken
terrifiedpeople
=thepeoplewhoareterrified
anorganizedway
=awaythatisorganized
affectedarea灾区
=theareawhichisaffected
stolenculturerelics
=culturerelicsthathadbeenstolen
thebookrecommendedbytheteacher
=thebookwhichwasrecommendedbytheteacher
printedarticles
=articlesthatareprinted

 1)DoctorJohnSnowwasawell-knowndoctorinLondon.定语
2)JohnSnowtoldtheastonishedpeopleinBroadStreet.定语
3)Hegotinterestedinthetwotheories.表语
4)Neitheritscause,noritscurewasunderstood表语
PastParticipleastheAttribute定语PastParticipleasthePredicative表语
1.terrifiedpeople1.peoplewhoareterrified
2.reservedseats2.seatsthatarereserved
3.pollutedwater3.waterthatispolluted
4.acrowdedroom4.aroomthatiscrowded
5.apleasedwinner5.awinnerthatispleased
6.Astonishedchildren6.childrenwholookastonished
7.abrokenvase7.avasethatisbroken
8.acloseddoor8.adoorthatisclosed
9.thetiredaudience9.theaudiencewhofeeltired
10.atrappedanimal10.ananimalthatistrapped
Therearemanyfallenleavesontheground.
=Therearemanyleaveswhichhadfallenontheground.(地上有许多落叶)
Someofthem,bornandbroughtupinruralvillages,hadneverbeentoBeijing.
=Someofthem,whohadbeenbornandbroughtupinruralvillages,hadneverbeentoBeijing.
(他们中的一些人,在农村出生并长大,从没去过北京)
及物动词的过去分词表示结束了的被动动作或者没有一定的时间性,只表示被动关系。

pollutedwater
=waterwhichispolluted
reservedseats
=theseatswhichwerereserved
trappedanimal
=theanimalwhichwastrapped
不及物动词的过去分词不表被动,只表示动作发生在谓语动词之前,含有动作完成,动作结束之含义。
boiledwater
=waterwhichhasboiled
fallenleaves
=theleaveswhichhavefallen
risensun
=thesunwhichhasrisen
过去分词作定语也可用作非限制性定语,前后用逗号隔开。
Thebooks,writtenbyGuoJingming,areverypopularwithteenagers.这些书是郭敬明写的,深受青少年的喜爱。
Someofthem,bornandbroughtupinruralvillages,hadneverbeentoBeijing.他们中的一些人,在农村出生并长大,从没过北京.
Thebook_writtenbythefarmer(一本农民写的书)isverypopular.
Thebuildingbuiltlastyear(去年建的楼房)nowcollapsedintheWenchuanearthquake.
Theproblemdiscussedatthemeetingyesterday(在昨天会议上讨论的)wasverydifficulttosolve.
Thewindowbrokenbythatnaughtyboy被那个顽皮男孩打破的)isbeingrepaired.
Thechildrenexaminedinthehospitalyesterday昨天在医院检查的)wereseriouslyill.
Thepeopleexposedtothesun(暴露在阳光下的)gotsunburnt.
Theboypunishedseverelybytheteacher(受到老师严厉惩罚的)isnowacollegestudent.
Thewaterdeliveredtohishome(送到他家的水)carrieddisease.
TheEnglishtodayisquitedifferentfromtheEnglishspokeninthepast300years(300年前所说的).
Mostoftheartistsinvitedtotheparty(被邀请去参加聚会的)werefromSouthAfrica.
Thestudentsinspiredbytheteacher(受到老师鼓舞的)workedharderthaneverbefore.
TheOlympicGames,__A_in776B.C.didnotincludewomenplayersuntil1912.
A.firstplayedB.tobefirstplayed
C.firstplayingD.tobefirstplaying
①过去分词做定语与其修饰词之间是动宾关系且过去分词表示的动作已完成。
②现在分词作定语表示动作正在发生,与修饰词是主谓关系。
③不定式作定语表示将要发生的动作。
firstplayedin776B.C.=whichwasfirstplayedin776B.C.
Consolidation巩固
1.Pricesofdailygoods____throughacomputercanbelowerthanstoreprices.
A.areboughtB.bought
C.beenboughtD.buying
2.Withalotofdifferentproblems____,
thenewly-electedpresidentishaving
ahardtime.
A.settledB.settling
C.tosettleD.beingsettled
3.Don’tusewords,expressionsorphrases____onlytopeoplewithspecificknowledge.
A.beingknownB.havingbeenknown
C.tobeknownD.known
4.WhenIgotback,Isawamessage____tothedoor____“Sorrytomissyou;willcalllater.”
A.pin,readB.pinning,reading
C.pinned,readingD.pinned,read
2)作表语表示主语的心理感觉或所处的状态。许多动词的过去分词已经被当作形容词使用。如:disappointed,excited,moved,puzzled,pleased,surprised,lost等。
Thewindowisbroken.窗户碎了。
Don’tgetsoexcited.别这么激动。

1.用作表语的过去分词被动意味很弱,主要表示动作的完成和状态,此时相当于一个形容词。
2.被动语态的过去分词动词意味很强,句子主语为动作的承受者,后面常跟by短语。
①Theglassisbroken.
TheglasswasbrokenbyTom.
②Thewindowsareclosed.
ThewindowsareclosedbyJack.
3.表示“感觉流露”的一些过去分词(如:interested,
surprised,excited,frightened,shocked)和一些过去分词(如dressed,drunk,devoted,lost,known)常用作表语,表示状态.其中有些仅表示状态,毫无被动意味。
①Howdidtheaudiencereceivethenewplay?
Theygotveryexcited.
②HowdidBobdointheexamsthistime?
Well,hisfatherseemspleasedwithhisresults.
③Shewasverydisappointedtoheartheresult.
④He’squiteexperiencedinteachingbeginners.
作表语练习:
Cleaningwomeninbigcitiesusuallyget________bythehour.
A.payB.payingC.paidD.topay
该题考查分词作表语的用法。“topaysb.bythehour”计时给某人报酬。此题被动结构作表语。类似的有:getburnt,gethurt,getwounded.

 1.Theroomsare____,soyoucan’tmovein.
A.paintedB.painting
C.beingpaintedD.tobepainted
2.Assoonasheenteredthecity,he____.
A.waslosingB.gotlosing
C.grewlostD.gotlost
3.Whathehasdoneisreally____.Nowhisparents
are_____him.
A.disappointing;disappointedat
B.disappointing;disappointedabout
C.disappointing;disappointedwith
D.disappointed;disappointingby

 现在分词和过去分词做定语的区别
现在分词表示主动意义,过去分词表示被动意义.
现在分词表示正在进行,过去分词表示状态或完成.
amovingmovie 感人的电影
amovedaudience 被感动的观众
boilingwater 正在烧(煮沸)的水
boiledwater已煮沸的水
developingcountries反展中国家
developedcountries发达国家
fallingleaves落叶(正在进行)
fallenleaves落叶(已经完成)
Thechildstandingoverthereismybrother.
Theroomfacingsouthisourclassroom.
ThebookwrittenbyLuXunisverygood.
TheroadcompletedyesterdayisleadingtoTibet。

高二英语语法考点归纳:过去分词做状语


一名优秀的教师就要对每一课堂负责,准备好一份优秀的教案往往是必不可少的。教案可以让学生们充分体会到学习的快乐,帮助高中教师掌握上课时的教学节奏。您知道高中教案应该要怎么下笔吗?以下是小编为大家收集的“高二英语语法考点归纳:过去分词做状语”仅供参考,希望能为您提供参考!

高二英语语法考点归纳:过去分词做状语

Worriedaboutthejourney,Iwasunsettledforthefirstfewdays.
Well-knownfortheirexpertise,hisparents’company…..
Confusedbythenewsurroundings,Iwashitbythelackoffreshair.
Exhausted,Islidintothebedandfellfastasleep.
过去分词作状语:过去分词作状语时,说明动作发生的背景或情况,其等同于一个状语从句。vt过去分词作状语时与主句主语构成被动关系,表示被动和完成,vi过去分词表示状态或动作的完成。
Heated,waterchangesintosteam.
Theprofessorcamein,followedbyagroupofyoungpeople.
1作原因状语,等于as/since/because引导从句
Movedbywhatshesaid,wecouldn’thelpcrying.=(Aswearemovedbywhatshesaid…
2作时间状语,等于when引导时间从句,如果分词表示的动作与谓语的动作同时发生,可在分词前加when/while/until等使时间意义更明确。
Whenheated,watercanbechangedintosteam.
Seenfromthehill,theparklooksverybeautiful.=(Whentheparkisseenfromthehill…
3作条件状语等于if/whether引导从句
Givenmoreattention,thecabbagescouldhavegrownbetter.=(Iftheyhavebeengivenmoreattention….
Comparedwithyou,westillhavealongwaytogo=(Ifwearecomparedwithyou…
 4作方式或伴随状语
Theactresscamein,followedbyherfans.
Shesatbythewindow,lostinthought.
5作让步状语
Muchtired,hestillkeptonworking.=(Althoughhewastired,)he….
6独立主格结构:当分词的逻辑主语不是主句主语时,分词可以有自己独立的逻辑主语,这种结构称为独立主格结构。常用来表示伴随情况。
Theboyrushedintotheclassroom,hisfacecoveredwithsweat.
Allthingsconsidered,yourarticleisofgreatvaluethanhers.
Rewritewithproperconjunctions
Example:Unitedwestand,dividedwefall.
Ifweareunited,wewillstand,butifwearedivided,wewillfall.
1Askedwhathadhappened,hetoldusaboutit.
→Whenhewasaskedwhathadhappened,…
2Wellknownforhisexpertadvice,hereceivedmanyinvitationstogivelectures.
→Becausehewaswellknownforhisexpertadvice,…
3Givenmoretime,wewouldbeabletodotheworkmuchbetter.
Ifweweregivenmoretime,
 4OncetranslatedintoChinese,thebookbecameverypopularamongChineseteenagers.
OnceitwastranslatedintoChinese,
5Deeplyinterestedinmedicine,shedecidedtobecomeadoctor.
Becauseshewasdeeplyinterestedinmedicine,
6Leftaloneathome,Samdidnotfeelafraidatall.
Althoughhewasleftaloneathome,
现在分词与过去分词作状语
现在分词作状语时,与其逻辑主语之间是主动关系,;而过去分词与其逻辑主语之间则表示被动关系。
Seeingthesepictures,Icouldn’thelpthinkingofthosedayswhenIwasinBeijing.Seenfromthetopofathirty-storeyedbuilding,Beijinglooksmoremagnificent.(see)
选择现在分词还是过去分词,关键看主句的主语。如分词的动作是主句的主语发出,分词就选用现在分词,反之就用过去分词。例如:
Usedforalongtime,thebooklooksold.
由于用了很长时间,这本书看上去很旧。
Usingthebook,Ifindituseful.
 在使用的过程中,我发现这本书很有用
注意:1.系表示主语所处的状态
_____inthought,healmostranintothecarinfrontofhim.(lose)
______inwhite,shelooksmorebeautiful.(dress)
belostin
bedressedin
beinterestedin
bedevotedto
besupposedto?becaughtintherain
beseatedin
bepreparedfor
bedeterminedto
 2.不与主语保持一致的固定结构
generallyspeaking 一般说来
strictly/franklyspeaking严格地说/坦白地说
judgingfrom从…判断
allthingsconsidered从整体来看
takingallthingsintoconsideration 全面看来
例如:Judgingfromhisface,hemustbeill.从他的脸色看,他一定是病了。
Generallyspeaking,dogscanrunfasterthanpigs.
总的来说,狗比猪跑得快。(speaking不是dogs的动作)
Practice
1.CompleteeachsentencesusingtheP.P.oftherightverb.
buildfrightentrapfollowshootseeexamine
1________bynoisesinthenight,thegirlnolongerdaredtosleepinherroom.
2Theladyreturnedhome,________bytwopolicemen.
3Afterhavingbeen_________carefully,theroomwaslockedagain.
4.______in1949,theexhibitionhallisover50yearsold.
5_____fromadistance,theOperaHouselookslikeshipsails.
6If_____inaburningbuilding,youshouldsendforhelp.
7Although______intheleg,hecontinuedfiringatthepolice.
练习
1____time,hewillmakeafirst-classtennisplayer.
AHavinggivenBTogiveCGivingDGiven
2___in1636,HarvardisoneofthemostfamousuniversitiesintheUnitedStates.
ABeingfoundedBItwasfounded
CFoundedDFounding
3Unless__tospeak,youshouldremainsilentattheconference.
AinvitedBinviting
CbeinginvitedDhavinginvited
4___,buthestillcouldn’tunderstandit.
AHehadbeentoldmanytimes
BHavingbeentoldmanytimes
CToldmanytimes
DAlthoughhehadbeentoldmanytimes
5Whenfirst___tothemarket,theseproductsenjoyedgreatsuccess.
AintroducingBintroduced
CintroduceDbeingintroduced
6Thereseemedtobenothing___todobut___forthedoctor.
Aleave/sendBleft/tosend
Cleft/sendDleaving/send
作介词but,expect,besides的宾语,前面又有实意动词do时,不定式通常省去to
7____everywhere,thewolveshadnowhere___themselves.
AHunting/hidingBTohunt/tohide
CHunted/hidingDHunted/tohide
8.The___morning,thefathercameintothelonelyhouse,___byhisnaughtyboy.
A.following,followingB.followed,followed
C.following,followedD.followed,following
9.Mrs.Whitewasgladtoseethenurse___afterhersonandwaspleasedtoseetheboywell___careofinthenursery.
A.looked;takenB.looking;taken
C.looked;tookD.looking;taking
10.Themurdererwasbroughtin,withhishands___behindhisback.
A.beingtiedB.havingtied
C.tobetiedD.tied
11.___moreattention,thetreescouldhavegrownbetter.
A.GivenB.Togive
C.GivingD.Havinggiven

高二英语语法知识重点:过去分词作宾补


经验告诉我们,成功是留给有准备的人。作为教师就要精心准备好合适的教案。教案可以让学生更好的吸收课堂上所讲的知识点,帮助教师更好的完成实现教学目标。优秀有创意的教案要怎样写呢?下面是小编为大家整理的“高二英语语法知识重点:过去分词作宾补”,相信您能找到对自己有用的内容。

高二英语语法知识重点:过去分词作宾补

英语中过去分词可作宾补,(此时的过去分词一般是及物动词)表被动意义或完成意义,有时两者兼而有之。做宾补的过去分词与宾语有逻辑上的动宾关系,即宾语是过去分词动作的对象。如:

Shefoundthedoorbrokeninwhenshecameback.(宾补与宾语有被动的关系,表一种状态。)

一.过去分词用在表状态的动词keep,leave等的后面。

Eg:Theykeptthedoorlockedforalongtime.

Keepyourmouthshutandyoureyesopen.(谚语:少说多看)

Dontleavesuchanimportantthingundone.

Dontleavethewindowsbrokenlikethisallthetime.

二.过分词用在get,have,make,的后面。

1.注意“have+宾语+过去分词”的两种情况:

A)表让某人做某事/让某事(被人)做

eg:Ihavehadmybikerepaired.

Thevillagershadmanytreesplantedjustthen.

B)表遭遇到某种不幸,受到打击/受....影响,蒙受.....损失

Eg:Ihadmywalletstolenonabuslastmonth.

Theoldmanhadhislegbrokenintheaccident.

Hehadhislegbrokeninthematchyesterday.(MET1986)

2.make+宾语+过去分词,在这种结构中,过去分词的动词必须是表示结果含义的。如:

TheymanagedtomakethemselvesunderstoodinverysimpleEnglish.

Iraisedmyvoicetomakemyselfheard.

三、过去分词用在感观动词watch,notice,see,hear,listento,feel,find等后面。如

Whenwegottoschool,wesawthedoorlocked.

Wecanhearthewindowsbeatenbytheheavyraindrops.

Hefelthimselfcheated.

Themanagersdiscussedtheplanthattheywouldliketoseecarriedoutthenextyear.(NMET2000)

四、过去分词用在want,wish,like,expect等表示“希望,愿望”这一类动词后面做宾补。如

Thebosswouldntliketheproblemdiscussedatthemoment.

Iwouldlikemyhousepaintedwhite.

Iwantthesuitmadetohisownmeasure.

Iwishtheproblemsettled.

五、过去分词用在“with+宾语+宾补”这一结构中,过去分词与宾语之间是动宾关系。如:

Thethiefwasbroughtinwithhishandstiedbehindhisback.

Withmanybrightly-colouredflowersplantedaroundthebuilding,hishouselookslikeabeautifulgarden.

Witheverythingwellarranged,helefttheoffice.

六、过去分词、现在分词、和不定式作宾补的区别。

现在分词作宾补:宾语和补语之间是主谓关系。其动作与谓语动作同时进行。

过去分词作宾补:宾语和补语之间是动宾关系。其动作先于谓语动作。

不定式作宾补: 表一个完成的动作、或表一个很短时间内看到、听到或感觉到的具体动作。

eg:Hedidntnoticemewaiting.

IheardthesongsunginEnglish.

Isawhimopeningthewindow.

Isawthewindowopened.

Isawhimopenthewindow.

IheardhersingthesonginEnglish.

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