一名优秀的教师就要对每一课堂负责，高中教师要准备好教案，这是教师工作中的一部分。教案可以让学生更好的吸收课堂上所讲的知识点，有效的提高课堂的教学效率。优秀有创意的高中教案要怎样写呢？下面是小编为大家整理的“Unit 2 Working the land教案”，相信您能找到对自己有用的内容。

Unit2Workingtheland
核心单词
1.struggle
v.挣扎；努力；拼搏；斗争
n.(为争取自由、政治权利等而进行的)斗争，奋斗
常用结构：
strugglewith与……斗争
strugglefor为争取……而斗争
struggleagainst与……斗争；为反对……而斗争
struggletodosth.(=makegreateffortstodosth.)
努力做某事
struggletoone’sfeet挣扎着站起来
Shestruggledtokeepbackthetears.她努力忍住泪水。
Itwasahardstruggletogetmyworkdoneontime.
为使工作按时完成,我做了一番努力。
易混辨析
struggle/fight
struggle指较长时间的、激烈的斗争，往往指肉体及精神上的战斗。
fight意为“搏斗，打斗，打架”，表示“斗争”时，包含体力和勇猛的因素。
高手过招
(1)单项填空
Theworkingpeoplehaveneverstoppedtheirstruggleunfairtreatment.（2010•01•山西太原五中检测）
A.againstB.forC.fromD.to
(2)完成句子（原创）
①我们应当帮助那些仍在为独立而斗争的人们。
Weshouldhelpthosewhoarestill.
②他们得和各种各样的困难作斗争。
Theyhadto.
(1)解析：选A。struggleagainst意为“同……作斗争”；strugglefor意为“为了……而斗争”。
(2)①strugglingforindependence
②strugglewith/againstallkindsofdifficulties
2.expand
v.扩大；扩展；增加；增长；（使）膨胀；阐述；使变大
常用结构：
expand...into...将……扩展/发展成……
expandon阐述；详谈
Heisthinkingofexpandinghisbusiness.
他在正考虑扩大他的生意。
Intenyearsthecity’spopulationexpandedby12%.
十年之中,该市人口增加了百分之十二。
联想拓展
expansionn.展开；膨胀；扩展
expansiveadj.广阔的；易膨胀的
易混辨析
expand/extend/spread/stretch
expand意为“展开，扩大”，不仅指尺寸的增加，还可指范围和体积的扩大。
extend意为“伸出，延伸”，指空间范围的扩大，以及长度，宽度的向外延伸，也可指时间的延长。
spread意为“传播；蔓延；铺开”。一般指向四面八方扩大传播的范围，如传播（疾病），散布（信息）等。
stretch意为“伸展(身体等)，拉长；连绵”，一般指由曲变直，由短变长的伸展，不是加长。
高手过招
选词填空（expend/extend/spread/stretch）（原创）
①Thefiresoontothenearbyhouses.
②ThetouristseasonfromMaytillOctober.
③Aballoonwhenitisblownup.
④Thecatoutinfrontofthefire.
答案:①spread②extends③expands④stretched
3.equip
vt.equipmentB.equipped;equipments
C.equipping;equipmentsD.equipping;equipment
(2)完成句子（原创）
①Thesoldierswerewell(装备)weapons.
②Thislibrary(为……而装备)atomicresearch.
③Ourclassroom(装备有)acomputerandataperecorder.
(1)解析：选A。equip...with...意为“用……装备……”，被动形式为beequippedwith。第二空equipment意为“装备；设备”，是不可数名词。
(2)①equippedwith②isequippedfor
③isequippedwith
4.regret
vt.因为
Thankstoyourhelp,weweresuccessful.
由于你的帮助，我们成功了。
Thankstoyou,Iwassavedfromdrowning.
多亏你，我才没被淹死。
Thankstothebadweather,thematchhadbeencancelled.
多亏了这倒霉的天气，比赛被取消了。（反语）
联想拓展
表示“因为，由于”的短语还有：
becauseof，owingto，onaccountof，dueto，asaresultof。
温馨提示
以上这些都是介词短语，因此后面可以跟名词或动名词而不可以跟从句。
高手过招
单项填空
①Itwasyourtimelyhelpthatweaccomplishedthetaskontime.（2010•01•山西运城检测）
A.BecauseB.thankC.thankstoD.as
②thenewpolicy,wearenowhavingahappylife.（2010•01•安徽亳州检测）
A.ThankstoB.Because
C.ForD.Thanksfor
①解析：选C。because和as虽然也表示“因为，由于”，但后面需接句子，而句中是短语，故应用thanksto。句意为：幸亏你及时帮忙，我们才按时完成了任务。
②解析：选A。考查近义词辨析。thanksto意为“多亏了”；because后应加句子;for表示补充说明的原因。
8.rid...of
摆脱；除去
Youshouldridyourselfofthatbadhabit.
你应该改掉那个坏习惯。
联想拓展
beridof摆脱
getridof摆脱；除掉；去掉
ridoneselfofdebt还清债务
breakawayfrom摆脱；放弃
Youmustbreakawayfromsuchabadhabit.
你必须改掉这样的坏习惯。
Itwon’tbelongbeforewecanbe/getridofthepestaltogether.
不用太久，我们就能把这种害虫消除干净。
高手过招
同义句转换（原创）
Couldyouridyourselfofthebadhabitofsmoking?
Couldyouthebadhabitofsmoking?
答案:getridof
9.wouldrather
宁愿，宁可
I’dratheryoudidn’t.(常用来委婉拒绝别人)
我希望你不要。
HewouldratherstayathomewatchingTV.
他宁愿待在家里看电视。
I’drathernotgothere.我宁愿不去那里。
I’dratheryoucametomorrowthantoday.
我宁愿你明天来而不是今天来。
I’dratherhavemadeatelephonecalltohimyesterday.
我昨天本想给他打个电话的。
联想拓展
wouldrather...than...是常用句式，意为“宁可（愿）……（而）不要（愿）……”
wouldrather＋从句时，从句要用虚拟语气，用动词的过去时表示。
wouldratherhavedone本想做……（而实际上未做）
高手过招
单项填空
①—Shallwegoskatingorstayathome?
—Whichdoyourself?（2010•01•江西南昌检测）
A.doyouratherB.wouldyourather
C.willyouratherD.shouldyourather
②I’dratherthebasketballmatchlastnight.Otherwise,Iwouldhavefinishedmypaperworkbynow.
（2010•01•江苏徐州检测）
A.nothavewatchedB.notwatch
C.hadn’twatchD.haven’twatch
①解析：选B。考查wouldratherdosth.这一结构的用法。而do,will和should都不能与rather搭配。wouldrather(not)dosth.意为“宁愿（不愿意）做某事”。
②解析：选A。wouldrathernothavedone意为“本不想做……（实际却做了）”。后一句句意为：否则我现在已经完成了我的文件。所以前句表示“本不想看球赛却看了”，故选A。
10.leadto
通向；导致；造成（后果）
注意：leadto中的to为介词，该短语后可跟名词或动名词。
Thecaraccidentledtohisbeingkilled.
那次车祸导致他死亡。
AllroadsleadtoRome.
条条大路通罗马。
Eatingtoomuchsugarcanleadtohealthproblems.
吃太多糖会导致健康问题。
Hiscarelessnessledtohisfailure.
他的粗心导致了他的失败。
联想拓展
resultin导致
resultfrom由……导致
高手过招
单项填空
Thestudentsintheuniversityarealltakingcoursesadegree.（2010•01•山东烟台检测）
A.stickingtoB.leadingto
C.turningtoD.referringto
解析:选B。考查动词短语辨析。stickto坚持;leadto导致，引起；通往；turnto求助，转向，查阅；referto指的是；谈论，查阅。由句意“大学生都在学习课程，以取得学位”可知，答案为B。
11.buildup
逐步建立；逐渐增强；加强；树立；积累
Thecompanyhasbuiltupafinereputation.
该公司已建立起良好的信誉。
Youmustbuildupyourstrengthafteryourillness.
你在病后必须要增强体力。
高手过招
完成句子（原创）
①我们应该鼓励孩子们树立信心。
Weshouldencouragethechildrento.
②看到你的词汇量在逐渐增长我很高兴。
I’mverygladtoseethatyourvocabularyis.
答案:①builduptheirconfidence
②graduallybuildingup
12.focuson
集中（注意力、精力等）于……；对(某事或做某事)予以注意；使聚焦于；使直射于
Hefocusedhismindonhislessons.他把心思集中在功课上。
Todaywe’regoingtofocusonthequestionofhomelesspeople.今天,我们主要讨论无家可归者的问题。
Anearˉsightedpersoncannotfocusaccuratelyondistantobjects.近视的人看不清远处的物体。
联想拓展
focusone’sattentiononsth.=center/concentrate/fixone’sattentiononsth.集中注意力于……
高手过招
完成句子（原创）
①在我看来，学校应该把精力集中在教学上。
Inmyopinion,schoolsshould.
②他把相机对准了远处的高楼。
Hehiscamerathehugebuildinginthedistance.
答案:①focusattentiononteaching
②focused；on
重点句型
13.In1974,hebecamethefirstagriculturalpioneerintheworldtogrowricethathasahighoutput.
1974年，他成为世界上第一位种植高产水稻的农业先锋。
不定式放在表示次序的词thefirst,thelast,thebest以及theonly,thevery,theright等词后面,且这些词与动词不定式有逻辑上的主谓关系，结构为：thefirst/last/best/only/very/right...+n.+todosth.表示“第一个/最后一个/最好的一个/唯一的/恰好的/合适的……做某事的人/物”。
Heisalwaysthefirsttocomeandthelasttoleave.
他总是第一个来并且最后一个离开。
Thelastmantoleavethesinkingshipwasthecaptain.
最后一个离开正在下沉的船的那个人是船长。
高手过招
单项填空
HeisthelastpersontoMary’sbirthdayparty.（原创）
A.toinviteB.tobeinvited
C.invitedD.beinginvited
解析：选B。考查不定式作定语的用法。当名词前面有序数词或last,next等词修饰时，名词后面多用不定式作定语。如NewZealandwasthefirstnationinmoderntimestoallowwomentovote.新西兰成为现代史上第一个允许妇女有选举权的国家。
14.Usinghishybridrice,farmersareproducingharveststwiceaslargeasbefore.
用他的杂交水稻种子，农民们种出的粮食比以前多了一倍。
倍数表达法：
A＋be＋倍数＋as＋adj.＋as＋B
A＋be＋倍数＋比较级＋than＋B
A＋be＋倍数＋（由某些形容词变化而来的）n.＋of＋B
I’mnotgoingoutwithamanwho’stwiceasoldasme.
我不愿意和一个年纪比我大一倍的男人一起参加社交活动。
Wegotthreetimesasmanypeopleasexpected.
来的人超过我们预料人数的两倍。
You’renothalfascleverasyouthinkyouare.
你可不像自己想像的一半那么聪明。
高手过招
单项填空
Whatatable!I’veneverseensuchathingbefore.Itisitislong.（原创）
A.halfnotaswideasB.widenotashalfas
C.nothalfaswideasD.aswideasnothalf
解析：选C。考查倍数表达法。表达倍数的结构应该是：A+be+倍数+as+adj.+as+B。as...as中间是形容词或副词的原级，而不可以是比较级或最高级。
15.Thisalsokeepstheair,soil,waterandcropsfreefromchemicals.
这还可以让空气、土壤、水以及农作物不受化学物质的污染。
keep...freefrom无……的；免于……；摆脱……（常用作表语、后置定语或补语）
联想拓展
befreetodosth.自由地做，随意地做
setsb.free释放某人
get/givesth.forfree免费得到/赠送
asmokeˉfreeroom/area无烟室/区
freeofcharge免费
高手过招
完成句子
用这个东西把桌子罩住，免得有灰尘落在上面。
thetabledirtybyputtingacoveroverit.
答案:Keep;freefrom

精选阅读

Unit 2 Working the land The First Period Reading 教案

Unit2Workingtheland
TheFirstPeriodReading
Teachinggoals
EnableSstolearnmoreaboutagriculture,countrysideandfarming.
HelpSslearnhowtodescribeDrYuanLongpingincludinghispersonality.
Teachingimportantanddifficultpoints
a.Helptocomprehendthetextandgraspthemainideaofthetext.
b.Grasptheusageofsomewordsandexpressions.
c.Howtohelpstudentslearnmoreaboutagriculture.
Teachingmethods
Talking,questioning-and-answeringactivityandreading.
Teachingaids
Ataperecorder,aprojectorandacomputer.
StepⅠGreetingandleadingin
T:Hello,everyone.
Ss:Hello,teacher.
T:Inlastunitwelearntsomegreatwomen.Todaywe’lllearnafamousman.Whowillitbe?Atfirstlet’slookatthetwopicturesonPage9.Whatarethepeopledoing?
Ss:Theyareplantingrice.
T:Canyoutellmesomethingaboutrice?
S:Ricegrowsinthesouth.
S:Butinsomeplaceofthenorthwecanalsofindrice.
T:Yeah.Youareright.Infactriceisacerealgrainthathasbeengrownforatleast5,000yearsandiseatenby2.4billionpeopleeverydaythroughouttheworld.InAustralia,farmershavehadtostrugglewiththeirharshenvironmenttogrowrice.
Ss:Really?
StepⅡWarmingup
T:Haveyouevergrownanyplants?Ifso,whatdidyoudotogrowthem?Ifnot,whatkindofplantwouldyouliketogrow?Howwillyougrowit?
S:Ihaveevergrowncornandpotatoes.Inautumn,myfatherandIploughedthesoildeepforthefirsttime,theninthenextspring,weploughedthesoilforasecondtime,thistimeIputthecornseedsintothetunnelfollowingmyfather.Finallymyfathercoveredthecornseedsbyploughingagain.
T:Verywell.Haveyoueverbeentothecountryside?Whatdidyoudothere?
S:Yes,Iwenttheretoseemygrandfather.InthevillageIplayedwithotherboysinthelittlestreamandcaughtlittlefish.Ievenhelpedmygrandfathergetinthecornbycuttingthecornstems,whichmademetired.
T:Areyoufromafarmer’sfamily?Whatdoyouknowaboutfarming?
S:Yes,myfatherisafarmer.Inmyview,farmingishardwork.Peoplehavetoplantcrops,smoothawayweedsandgetinthecropsattherighttime.Theyhavetogetupearlytoworkinthefieldsoastoprotectthemselvesfromthesunshine.
T:That’sright.Inthenorth,thebiggestworrythatfarmershaveisthedrought.Whenitdoesn’train,andtheycan’tirrigatethecrops,thecropswilldieandtheywillhavenothingafterhardworking.
StepⅢPre-reading
1.Whataretheseriousproblemstheworldfacestoday?
Environment
Population
Naturalresources
Wars
Poverty
Hunger…
Morethan800millionpeoplegotobed
hungryeveryday.-theWorldHealth
Organization(WHO)
Onebillionpeopleintheworldsufferfrom
hungerandmalnutrition.
About24,000peopledieeverydayfrom
hungerorhunger-relatedcauses.Three-
fourthsofthedeathsarechildrenunderthe
ageoffive.-http://
2.Whatcanwedotosolveworldhunger?
Controlthepopulation
Openmoreareasforgrowing
Increasetheoutputofcrops
StepⅣFastReading
1Whatisthemainideaofeachpara?
Para1Hisdreams
Para2Hispersonality
Para3Howhethinksofhimselfandhisachievement
para4Hisbiography
(4,3,1,2)
2ListentothetapeandcompletethefollowingnotesaboutYuanLongping.
Name:______________________Nationality:____________________
Age:_______________________Occupation:____________________
Education:__________________________________________________
Dream:____________________________________________________
Achievement:_______________________________________________
Hobbies:___________________________________________________
Answers:
YuanLongpingChinese77scientist/farmergraduatedfromSouthwestAgriculturalCollegein1953toexporthishybridricesothatitcanbegrownaroundtheglobein1974,developedhybridrice,whichproduces1/3morethannormalricelisteningtoviolinmusic,playingmah-jong,swimmingandreading
StepVPleasereadthetextagainandanswerthesequestions.
1Whatisspecialabouthisrice?(makeitpossibletodo…)
Thisspecialstrainofricemakesitpossibletoproduceone-thirdmoreofthecropinthesamefields.
2Whatishiscontributiontotheworld?(thanksto…/rid…of…)
Thankstohisresearch,theUNhasmoretoolsinthebattletoridtheworldofhunger.
3Whatishisattitudetolife?(besatisfiedwith…/careabout…)
DrYuanissatisfiedwithhislife.However,hedoesn’tcareaboutbeingfamous.
StepVIHomework
FinishingtheexercisesinLearningaboutLanguage.Exercise1,2and3areaboutusefulwordsandexpressions.Finishthem.Nexttimewe’llchecktheanswers.Ok,classisover.Seeyounexttime.

Period2
Languagepoints
Herearesomeexplanationsabouttheboldfacewordsinourtext.
一vocaburary
1.strugglevtomakegreatefforts
e.g.Theyhavestruggledforyearstofreetheircountryfromtheenemy.
stuggletodosth挣扎做某事
他努力控制住自己的脾气。He_________controlhistemper.
I’mstrugglingtofinishthehugetheworkyougaveme.
2.sunburntadjsun-tanned
e.g.Hissunburntskinlookshealthy.
3.superadj(infml)excellent;splendid
e.g.You’lllikeher,she’ssuper.
Youlooksuperinyournewclothes.
Itwassuperofyoutohelp.
4.expandv
(causesthto)becomegreaterinsize,numberorimportance
e.g.Metalsexpandwhentheyareheated.
Whynottrytoexpandyourstoryintoanovel?
6.equipv
supplysb/sth(withwhatisneeded,foraparticularpurpose)
equipsbwithsth用……装备equipsbforsth为……装备
beequippedwith装备有
你的训练使得你能够胜任将来的工作。
Yourtrainingwillequipeyouforyourfuturejob.
Translate:
Theworkerequippedthebikewithaheadlight.
那个工人给自行车装了一个前灯。
7.exportv
send(goods)toanothercountryforsale
e.g.Indiaexportsteaandcottontomanydifferentcountries.
Thiscompanyhasalargehomemarketbutdoesn’texport.
8regret
后面常跟动词的ing形式，只有在对将谈到的事情表示遗憾时用动词的不定式。
Regretdoingsth__________________regrettodosth______________________
她为自己发了脾气而深感后悔。Shedeeply___________hertemper.
Translate:
Weregrettoinformyouthatyourpassportapplicationhasbeenrefused.
9.rid...ofmakesb/sthfreefrom(sb/sthunpleasant)
e.g.Weallwishthatwewouldridtheworldoffamine.
Thefarmerrecentlytriedtoridthehouseofrats.
10.lead...alife,live...alife
e.g.Nowweareleadingahappylife.
Intheolddaysfarmersledaterriblelifeinthecountry.
11.besatisfiedwith,becontentwith
e.g.Theyoungladyisn’tsatisfiedwiththepeacefullife.
Areyousatisfiedwithhisanswers?
12.wouldrather,preferto
wouldratherdosth
e.g.I’dratherwalkthantakeabus.
I’dratheryouknewthatnow,thanafterwards.
他宁愿到农村去工作。He____________workinthecountryside.
Translate:
Iwouldratheryouhadgonethere,too.__________________________
I’dratheryoucametextweekend.___________________________________
Summary:
Wouldrather+从句，常用虚拟语气。如表示与现在的事实或将来的愿望相反，谓语一般用__________时态；如表示的与过去的事实相反，从句中应用_________________时态。
二Somedifficultsentences
1.Indeed,hissunburntfaceandarmandhisslim,strongbodyarejustlikethoseofmillionsofChinesefarmers,forwhomhehasstruggledforthepastfivedecades.的确，他那被太阳晒得黝黑的脸庞和手背，以及他那瘦削而又结实的身体，就跟其他成千上万的中国的农民一样，过去50年来，他一直在努力帮助他们。
Forwhom…为______+引导词的结构的定语从句，注意，struggle后面的for的干扰，forthepastfivedecades是“过去50年来”Translate:
Themanwithwhomyoutalkedisourmanager._______________________________________
Theylivedinabighouse,infrontofwhichstoodabigtree.
___________________________________________________.
2.Dr.YuanLongpinggrowswhatiscalledsupperhybridrice.
袁隆平博士培植出了超级杂交水稻。Whatiscalledsuperhybridrice是由what引导的______从句，在整个句子中充当______的_____语，。此外，此结构还可以作_____或_____.
如：请相信我的话。___________________________
他所说的话全是真实的。_______________________________.
3.In1974,hebecamethefirstagriculturepioneerintheworldtogrowricethathasahighoutput.1974年他成为世界上第一位种植高产水稻的农业先锋。
本句理解的难点是动词不定时togrowricethathasahighoutput作_________,修饰先行词________,注意：前面的序数词first一起了一定的作用，因为先行词前有__________,后面一般用动词不定时作定语。类似的还有thesecond,thelast,theonly等。翻译：
昨天晚上，约翰最后一个离开教室。______________________________________________.
4.Thespecialstrainofricemakesitpossibletoproduceone–thiremoreofthecropinthesamefields.这些特殊的水稻使得同样的田地多收获三分之一的产量。
Makeit…todosth意思是____________________.it在句中作_________,真正的宾语是_________________________________.翻译：
好天气使我们下周的旅行成为可能。_____________________________________________.
Answers:1.介词你刚才给他说话的那个人是我们的经理。他们住在一个大房子里，房子前面有一颗大树。名词grow的宾语主语表语PleasebelievewhatIsaid.Whathesaidistrue.3.定语pioneer序数词Johnwasthelastonetoleavetheclassroomyesterday.4.使……成为宾语toproduceone–thirdmoreofthecropinthesamefields.Goodweathermakesitpossibletomakeourtripnextweek.
高考链接
1.InsomepartsofLondon,missingabusmeans_____foranotherhour.(2002,上海)
A.waitingB.towaitC.waitD.tobewaiting
2.Victorapologizedfor______toinformmeofthechangeintheplan.(2004,上海)
A.hisbeingableB.himnottobeable
C.hisnotbeingableD.himtobenotable
3.Themaninsisted____ataxiformeeventhoughItoldhimIlivednearby.
A.findB.tofindC.onfindingD.infinding(2004江苏)
4.AccordingtoarecentUSsursey,childrenspendupto25hoursaweek____TV.
A.towatchB.towatchingC.watchingD.watch(2004上海)
5.Hegowell-preparedforthejobinterview,forhecouldn’trisk____thegoodopportunity.
A.toloseB.losingC,tobelostD.beinglost(2005上海)
6.Progresssofarhasbeenverygood.___,wearesurethattheprojectwillbecompletedontime.
A.HoweverB.OtherwiseC.ThereforeD.Besides(2006浙江)
7.Tenyearsagothepopulationofourvillagewas_____thatoftheirs.(2008陕西)
A.astwicelargeasB.twiceaslargeas
C.twiceasmuchasD.astwicemuchas
8.Somechildrenwanttochallengethemselvesbylearningalanguagedifferentfrom____theirparentsspeakathome.(2008浙江)
A.whatB.thatCwhichDone
9.-Haveyougotanyparticularplansforthecomingholiday?
________,I’llvisitsomehomesfortheoldinthecity.(2008安微)
A.IfeverB.IfbusyC.IfanythingD.Ifpossible
10.Thechairmanthought_____necessarytoinviteProfessorSmithtospeakatthemeeting.
A.thatB.itC.thisD.him
AnswersBCCCBCBBDB
PERIOD3
OrganicFarming
Teachingaims
Toimprovethestudents’readingability---tofindtheexplanationforthewordsorexpressionstheydonotknowinthereadingpassage.
Teachingaids
Multi-media
Teachingprocedures
Step1:Leadin
Whatisthesubstanceweputonthesoiltomakecropsgrow?
Itisfertilizer.
Howmanykindsoffertilizersdofarmersuse?
Therearetwokinds.Theyarechemicalfertilizersandnaturalones.
Whichkinddofarmersusewhentheyaredoingorganicfarming?
Doyouknowaboutorganicfarming?Todaywe’regoingtoreadapassagewiththetitleOrganicFarming.
Step2:Scanning
Readthefirstparagraphandfindout
1whatorganicfarmingis.
Organicfarmingmeansgrowingcropswithoutchemicalfertilizers.
Step3:Intensivereading
1HowcanOrganicfarmersmaketheirsoilfertile?
Organicfarmersusenaturalwastefromanimalsinsteadofchemicalfertilizers.
2Butwhydon’ttheyusechemicalfertilizers?
Becauseusingchemicalfertilizerscausesproblems.
Readthesecondparagraphandanswer-----
3Howmanyproblemsarecausedbyusingchemicalfertilizers?
Three.Theyareasfollows.
Firstly,chemicalfertilizersaffectthesoilandthewatersupplybadly.
Secondly,theyallowfarmerstogrowthesamecropyearafteryearandexhausttheoil.
Thirdly,theykillbothhelpfulandharmfulpests.
Readthewholepassageagainandfillinthetable.
Advantagesoforganicfarming
Reasons
1.Farmersusenaturalwastefromanimals.Thismakesthesoilricherinmineralsandsomorefertile.
2.Thesoilisnotexhausted.Peasandsoybeansrenewthemineralsinthesoil.Thesoilbecomesrichandhealthy.
3.Theyusethesoiltobestadvantage.
Theyplantcropsthatneedsurfacesoilandnextcropsthatgrowatadeeperlevel.Sothewindandwaterdoesnotcarryawaythesoil.Alltherichnessofthesoilisused.

Step4:Discussion
Findoutwhattypeofwritingthepassageis.Discusshowtoreadandwritethiskindofpassage.
Step5:Homework

Readthetextandtranslatethefollowingphrases:
aswellas____________foralongtime________________
buildup______________leadto_______________
turnto_________________focuson______________
keep（prevent）…from_______________
Answers:
也好长时间逐渐增强；建立；开发导致；造成求助于集中（注意力，精力等）于阻止
PERIOD4don’treadinthemovingbusorinbed.”Doingeye-exerciseswillhelpyoukeepgoodeyesight.
Ifyoufailtokeeptheserules,youwillbecome
short-sightedsoonerorlater.

Unit 2 Working the land Period 2 Learning about Language教案

Period2LearningaboutLanguage

TheGeneralIdeaofThisPeriodThisperiodisabouttheusefulwords,expressionsandstructureslearnedinthereadingpart,fromtheexercisesinthisperiod,thestudentscanconsolidatewhattheylearntinthereadingpart,andlearnthegrammaraboutthe-ingformasanoun.?TeachingImportantPoints?Learnhowtousethe-ingformasanoun.?TeachingDifficultPoints?Learntousethe-ingformasasubjectaswellasanobject.?TeachingMethods?Asking-and-answeringactivitytocheckthestudents’answersoftheexercises;individual,pairorgroupworktofinisheachtask.?TeachingAids?Amulti-mediacomputer?Ablackboard?

ThreeDimensionalTeachingAimsKnowledgeandSkills?Learnsomekeywords:?trial,consider,prove,tellthetruth,pretend,thinkhighlyof,besides?Learnsomeimportantdrills:?IthinkhighlyofthosewhoaresearchingfortheAmberRoom.?Besides,myfatheroncetoldmethatanypersonwhofindssomethingcouldkeepit.?ImustsaythatIagreewithyou.?ImustsaythatIdon’tagreewithyou.?Helpthestudentslearnhowtousethe-ingformasanoun.?Enablethestudentstolearnhowtomakejudgmentsandgivetheiropinions.?ProcessandStrategies?Theteachermayleadthestudentstosumupsomegrammaticalitemsthemselves.?Givesomenecessaryexplanation.?FeelingsandValue?Throughthestudyingofthispartthestudentswillknowmoreaboutthe-ingformasanoun.Besides,theirabilityoftransferencewillbestrengthened.?TeachingProcedures?Step1Revision?1.Greetings.?2.AskthestudentstousethefirstpersontoretellthepassageaboutDrYuan,andaskthemtotrytousetheproperconjunctions.?Step2Usefulwordsandexpressions?T:Fromthereadingpart,wecanfindsomeusefulwordsandexpressions.Sonowpleasefindthewordsandexpressionsthatmeansthesamefromthetext.(Ex.1onPage11)?Aftertwominutes,theteacherbeginstochecktheanswersandgivetherightanswers:?Suggestedanswers:?1.sunburnt2.hunger3.rid...of4.expand5.circulate6.leada...life7.wouldrather8.thanksto9.struggle10.export?T:NowLet’scometoEx.2.Pleasecompletethepassagewithwordsandexpressionsfromtheprevioussections,thenI’llaskyoutogivemetheanswerssentencebysentence.?Afterseveralminutes,theteacheraskthestudentstogivetheiranswers.?Suggestedanswers:?1.prove2.wouldrather3.livea4.life5.rid6.of7.output8.increased9.sunburnt?T:HowaboutEx.3,haveyoufoundtheanswers?I’dliketoasksomeofyoutoreadthesentencesandthengivemetheanswers.?Suggestedanswers:?1.super2.satisfied3.strain4.exported5.suitableStep3Discoveringusefulstructures?T:Let’scometodiscoveringusefulstructures,atfirstlet’sfinishtheexercisesinthispart.Doyouknowwhatdoes“evenapoorpersoncanhaveawish”mean??S:Itmeans“Wishingforthingscostsnothing.”?T:Verygood!NowpleaserewritethesentencesinEx.2onPage12.?Afterfiveminutes,theteachercheckstheanswers.(Ssanswerthequestionsonebyone.)?Suggestedanswers:?1.Helpingpeopleinneedofhelpisnice.?2.Growinghybridriceisn’teasy.?3.Learningmoreaboutfarmingisn’tdifficult.?4.Doingresearchinthecountrysideisn’teasy.?5.GettingridofhungerisveryimportantinsomeAfricancountries.?6.Explainingthisagainisimportantorwewillgetconfused.?T:Doyouthinkit’sveryeasytolearnaboutthe-ingformasthesubject?Buthowaboutthe-ingformastheobject?NowI’dliketochecktheanswersofEx.3onPage12.?(Ssgivetheanswersonebyone.)?Suggestedanswers:?1.DrYuanlikestalkingtoricegrowersabouthiswork.?2.Hecontinueddoingresearchuntilabetterstrainofricewasfound.?3.Manycitykidslookforwardtovisitingthecountryside.?4.Notallstudentsenjoyworkinginthefields.?5.Theystartedproducinghybridricein1974.?6.Iremembermeetingthescientistwhilehewasin!--?xml:namespaceprefix=st1ns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags"/--Beijinglasttime.?Step4Grammar?T:Today,wearegoingtolearnthev.-ingasanoun.Soatfirstwhocantellmewhatanouncanbeusedasinasentence?Andpleasegivemesomeexamples.?S:Itcanbeusedassubject.Forexample:Smokingisharmfultoourhealth.?T:NowIthinkyouhaveknownhowtousethev.-ingassubject.Buthowaboutothers??S:Itcanalsobeusedasobject.Forexample:Ihaveforgottenseeingthisfilm.?T:Youareright.Thev.-ingformcanbeusedasobject,too.Nowlet’scometoknowmoreaboutit.T:Verygood.(Theteachermaygiveasystematicalexplanationofthegrammar.)?Step5Homework?1.FinishtherelatedexercisesonWorkbook.?2.Prepareforthenextclass.?3.Finishtheexercisesaboutthe-ingformasthesubjectandobject.?

TheDesignoftheWritingontheBlackboard

Unit2Workingtheland

Period2Learningaboutlanguage1.chemicaladj.化学的;关于化学的?chemistryn.化学?2.Phrasesthatcanbeusedwiththe-ingform:?begoodat;care(little)about;dreamof;devote...to;seetheneedfor;beafraidof;beconcernedabout;beinterestedin?

RecordafterTeaching

ActivitiesandResearchWhenleadinginthegrammarpart,youmaygivethestudentssomeexamplesaboutthe-ingformasanounandencouragethestudentstosumupthegrammaticalrules.Thentheteachermayaskthestudentstomakeupasmanysentencesaspossibletoconsolidateit.?

ReferenceforTeachingGrammar?

动名词一、概述?和不定式一样,动名词也是非谓语动词的一种,它通常由动词原形加-ing构成。动名词有主动和被动两种语态,有一般式,完成式和进行式三种形式。如下表所示:

!--?xml:namespaceprefix=vns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:vml"/--

态

时

态

语

主动

被动

一般式

doing

beingdone

完成式

havingdone

havingbeendone

完成进行式

havingbeendoing

无

动名词仍保留有动词的特征,可以和自己的逻辑主语、宾语和状语等构成动名词短语。动名词具有名词的功能,在句中可以充当主语、宾语、表语、定语等成分。?二、动名词的时态和语态形式?1.动名词的时态形式?①一般式?动名词的一般式表示动作或状态与谓语动词的动作同时发生,或者表示一种无时间性限制的经常性、习惯性的动作或状态。?HeenjoyswritinglettersinEnglish.?他喜欢用英语写信。?Manyyoungpeoplelikeplayingfootball.?许多年轻人喜欢踢足球。?②完成式?动名词的完成式表示动作或状态先于谓语动词的动作或状态,如:?Theyregrethavingbeenunabletohelpyou.?他们为没能帮上你的忙而遗憾。?Afterhavingwrittentheletter,hewenttopostit.?他写完信,就去寄它了。?Sheregrettedhavingmissedthefilm.?她后悔没有看到那部电影。?③完成进行式?动名词的完成进行时表示动作发生于谓语动作之前,并一直持续到谓语动词的动作发生之时,或继续。如:?Forgivemeformyhavingbeeninterruptingyousomuch.?原谅我打扰你这么久。2.动名词的被动式?当动名词的逻辑主语是动名词动作的承受者时,用被动式。如:?Heclimbedthroughthewindowwithoutbeingseen.?他从窗口爬进去,没有被人发现。?Sheneedstoworkwithoutbeingdisturbed(=withoutpeopledisturbher).?她要在无人干扰的情况下才能工作。?动名词的被动语态分成一般式和完成式两种。如:?Therailwayisintheprocessofbeingconstructed.?铁路在兴建中。?AfterhavingkeptaprisonerintheBastilleformanyyears,DrManettehadrecentlybeensetfree.?曼奈特医生被关在巴士底监狱许多年后,最近获释。?特别提示:-ing形式的主动形式表示被动意义?在want,need,deserve,require等动词后,总是用-ing形式的主动形式表示被动意义,相当于“tobe+过去分词”。如:?Mywatchneedsrepairing(=toberepaired).?我的手表需要修理。?Thehousewantscleaning.这房屋需要打扫。?在worth这个形容词后情形也是这样。如:?Thefilmisworthseeing.这部影片值得一看。?Theplaceisworthvisiting.那个地方值得一游。?三、动名词的否定式?动名词的否定式通常是在动名词前加否定词not。例如:?Iapologizeformynothavingkeptpromise.?我没能遵守诺言,十分抱歉。?Iregretnotbeingabletohelpyou.?我很抱歉不能帮助你。?1.作主语?动名词作主语时,句子有两种形式:?(1)动名词直接置于句首主语的位置上。?Playingtricksonothersissomethingweshouldneverdo.?捉弄别人是我们万万不能干的。?Learningnewwordsisveryimportantforme.?学习新单词对我来说非常重要。?Talkingiseasierthandoing。说比做容易。?(2)用形式主语it,把真正的主语——动名词结构移置句尾。但这种句子形式有一定的限制,作表语的只能是某些形容词或少数名词,如useful,useless,good,fun，nouse,worth等。例如:?ItisuselesstryingtoarguewithShylock.?和夏洛克争辩是没有什么用的。?It’sworthmakingtheeffort.?这事值得去做。?Isitanygoodtryingtoexplain??想再解释一次有好处吗??Itispleasantworkingwithyou.?跟你在一起工作是令人愉快的。?(3)在therebe结构中作主语,这种结构的意思相当于“Itisimpossibletodo...”。例如:?Thereisnohidingofevilbutnottodoit.?若要人不知,除非己莫为。?Thereisnojokingaboutsuchmatter。?这种事开不得玩笑。?Therewasnoknowingwhenhewouldleave.?无法知道他什么时候离开。?注意:动名词与不定式作主语时的比较:?动名词表示的动作通常是一个泛指的动作,不定式则通常表示具体的动作。例如:?Asachild,shefeltthatvisitingsickpeoplewasadutyandapleasure.?还是个孩子的时候,她就觉得探视病人是一种责任,也是一种愉悦。?BeingaguestinanAmericanhomewillbeagoodexperienceforme.?到美国人家里做客对我来说将是一个极好的经历。?Doingnothingisdoingill.?什么也不做就是作恶。?Hesaid,“Togoonlikethisisnouse.”?他说:“继续这样下去是无用的。”?It’sanhonourformetobeinvitedtotheparty.?我很荣幸被邀请参加这个晚会。?归纳:常用-ing形式作主语的句型有:?It+be+awasteoftimedoing做……是浪费时间的?Itis/wasnogood/usedoing做……是没用处的?Itis/washardly/scarcelyworthdoing做……不值得?Itis/wasworth/worthwhiledoing做……是值得的?Thereisnodoing无法……,不允许……?Thereisnosenseindoing做……没有道理?Thereis/wasnousedoing干……无意义?Thereis/wasnothingworsethandoing没有比……更糟的?Thereis/wasnopointdoing干……无意义?Therewasnoknowingwherewewouldgo.?我们不知道要去哪儿。?Thereisnopointdoingsuchasillything.?做这件傻事毫无意义。?注意:Thereisnoneedtodosth.干……没必要,在此句式中todo不可换为doing。?Thereisnoneedtotellher.没有必要告诉她。?提示:当动名词用作主语时,其逻辑主语由形容词性物主代词和名词所有格构成。?Mysister’sbeingillmadeweworried.?我姐姐病了,使我很担心。?Yourbeingrightdoesn’tnecessarilymeanmybeingwrong.?你正确未必就意味着我错了。2.作动词的宾语?动名词作宾语有两种情况。一是有些动词只能后接动名词作宾语;二是有些动词既可后接动名词也可后接不定式作宾语。?（1）只能后接动名词作宾语的动词,常见的有avoid,consider,enjoy,keep,finish,suggest,dislike,delay,escape,cannothelp,imagine,mind,miss,practise,cannotstand等。如:?Ican’tavoidgoing.我不能不去。?Haveyouconsideredlookingforonespecialfriend??你是否考虑过找一位挚友??Wemusttrytoavoidrepeatingthesamemistake.?我们必须设法避免犯同样的错误。?Doyoufeellikehavingawalkwithmeaftersupper??晚饭后你想和我一起散步吗??Peoplecouldn’thelplaughingfoolishman.?人们忍不住嘲笑那个愚蠢的人。?这类动词还有:excuse,fancy,giveup,putoff,risk等。?（2）既可接动名词又可接不定式作宾语的动词,常见的有:begin,start,continue,like,love,prefer,by,mean,forget,remember,hate等。?A.在like,love,hate,prefer等动词之后,用-ing或不定式意义上没有什么不同,只是侧重点有些不同,动名词表示泛指的动作,不定式表示具体的一次性动作。例如:?Iconsideredgoing,butIhavethiscompositiontowrite.?我考虑要去,可是我要写这篇作文。?Ienjoylearningaboutnewthingsfrompoliticstosportsandmusic.?我喜欢从政治、体育及音乐等方面学习新的事情。?Webelievethatmanymorepeoplewillprefertotravelbyair.?我们相信将会有更多的人喜欢乘坐飞机旅行。?在wouldlike／love／prefer之后,只能用不定式。例如:?I’dprefertodothattomorrow.这事我想明天再做。?I’dliketodosomeshopping,butnotduringtheday.?我倒是想去购物,但又不想白天去。?I’dlikeyoutomeetDrZhang.?我想让你见一见张医生。?Oh,Iwouldlovetobeacontestant.?噢,我倒是想做个参赛者。?B.在begin/start,continue之后,用动名词和不定式,意义无甚区别,尤其是当主语是人的时候。例如:?Jazzstarteddevelopinginthe1920sintheSouthernStates.?20年代爵士音乐在美国南部各州开始发展。?Theshipstartedtoleakandbegintofillwithwater.?船体开始出现漏洞,并开始进水。?Hankstartedtowalkthroughthecarriagestogetbacktohisseat.?汉克开始走回他自己坐的车厢。?Journalistshavetostopworkingononestoryandstartworkingimmediatelyontheimportantnewone.?新闻记者不得不停下手中所写的,立刻开始写最新的重要新闻。?当begin/start与see,think,feel,understand等动词连用时,用不定式。例如:?Theybegantounderstandhowimportanttheforestis.?他们开始明白森林有多么重要。?begin/start用进行式时,只能后接不定式。例如:?Iwasbeginningtowonderifitwaseasyenoughtogoontheclimbing.?我开始想继续往上爬会不会越来越难。?I’mstartingtoputonweightagain.?我又开始长胖了。?C.在动词forget,remember,regret之后,用动名词与不定式意义不同。动名词表示动作先于谓语发生,不定式表示后于谓语动作,例如:?Irememberpostingtheletter.?我记得我已把信寄了。?I’llremembertoposttheletter.?我会记着去寄信的。?Ishallneverforgetseeingthefamouswriter.?我永远不会忘记见到过那位著名作家。?Don’tforgettowritetoyourmother.?不要忘了给你母亲写信。?Iregretmissingthereport.?我真后悔没赶上那次报告会。?IregrettosayIcan’ttakeyouradvice.?我遗憾地告诉你我不能接受你的建议。?D.在try,mean之后,意义各不相同,如trytodo(设法),trydoing(试试),meantodo(打算,有意要做),meandoing(意思是,意味着)。例如:?Wemusttrytogeteverythingdoneintime.?我们必须设法及时把一切搞好。?Let’strydoingtheworkinginsomeotherway.?我们用别的方法做这工作试试。?Ididn’tmeantomakeyouangry.?我并不想叫你生气。?Yourplanwouldmeanspendinghours.?你的计划意味着要花费几个小时。?E.goondoing和goontodo?goondoing继续做一直在做的事;goontodo接着做另一件事。例如:?Pleasegoondoingthesameexercise.请接着做这同一个练习。?Pleasegoontodotheotherexercise.请做另外一个练习。?F.stopdoing与stoptodo?stopdoing停止做,stoptodo停下正在干的事去干另一件事。如:?Westoppedtalking.我们停止了交谈。?Westoppedtotalk.我们停了下来去谈话。3.作介词的宾语?动名词可与介词一起构成介词短语。?A.介词+动名词,如:?We’vegottothinkofwaysofchangingpeople’shabits.?我们得想些办法改变人们的习惯。?Iapologizeforbeingsoangrywithyou.?我向你道歉,刚才对你那样生气。?Afterbeingawayforseveralyears,itisastrangeexperiencetoreturntotheplaceyouwerebornandbroughtup.?离开几年之后再回到你生长的地方,感觉有点怪。?B.动词+介词+动名词,例如:?Iinsistontakingproperfoodforthisexpedition.?我坚持为这次出行带足需要的食物。?Insteadofsmiling,eachofthemmadeaface.?同学们脸上没有笑容,相反都做了怪脸。?Shewasveryinterestedinworkingforourcompany.?她对为我们公司工作很感兴趣。?下列短语中的to都是介词,所以后面跟名词或-ing形式:devoteto,objectto,payattentionto,getdownto,leadto,lookforwardto,stickto,beusedto等。?

Unit2 Working the land-grammar学案

一名爱岗敬业的教师要充分考虑学生的理解性，作为教师准备好教案是必不可少的一步。教案可以保证学生们在上课时能够更好的听课，帮助授课经验少的教师教学。那么如何写好我们的教案呢？下面是小编精心为您整理的“Unit2 Working the land-grammar学案”，但愿对您的学习工作带来帮助。

Unit2Workingtheland-grammar学案1.以下的动词后面加动词的不定式作宾语：afford,agree,arrange,choose,decide,hope,expect,offer,plan,promise,determine,demand,manage,fail,prepare,refuse,pretend,seem常跟不定式作宾语的动词歌诀：三个希望两答应，两个要求莫拒绝,设法学会做决定,不要假装在选择。hope;wish;want;agree;promisedemand;ask;refusemanage;learn;decidepretend;choose想要拒绝命令，需要努力学习,期望同意帮助，希望决定开始。want;refuse;orderneed;try;learnexpect;agree;helphope;wish;decide;begin;start2.以下的动词后面加动词的ing作宾语:admit,advise,allow,appreciate,avoid,complete,consider,delay,deny,enjoy,escape,finish,imagine,keep,mind,miss,practise,suggest,stop,can’tstand,can’thelp,beworth常跟动词ing作宾语的动词歌诀:考虑建议盼原谅，

承认推迟没得想，避免错过继续练，否认完成停能赏，不禁介意准逃亡，不准冒险凭想象。consider,suggest/advise,lookforwardto,excuse,pardonadmit,delay/putoff,fancyavoid,miss,keep/keepon,practisedeny,finish,stop,enjoy/appreciatecan’thelp,mind,allow/permit,escapeforbid,risk,imagine3.以下的动词后面既可接动词的不定式又可以接动词的ing作宾语：hate,love,prefer,remember,forget,regret,like,try,stop,begin,start既跟动词ing又接不定式作宾语的动词歌诀:双方一旦开始，不论喜欢与否，都得继续下去。不管记住与否，努力打算停止，后悔三个需要。begin,start,like,prefer,hate,dislike,continue.remember,forget,try,mean,stop,reget,want,need,require

必修四Unit 2 Working the land教案（集体备课）

一名优秀的教师就要对每一课堂负责，教师在教学前就要准备好教案，做好充分的准备。教案可以更好的帮助学生们打好基础，使教师有一个简单易懂的教学思路。怎么才能让教案写的更加全面呢？经过搜索和整理，小编为大家呈现“必修四Unit 2 Working the land教案（集体备课）”，仅供参考，欢迎大家阅读。

必修四Unit2Workingtheland教案（集体备课）
内容：
Unit2Workingtheland
Ｉ．单元教学目标
技能目标SkillGoals
Talkaboutagriculture:apioneerinfarming-YuanLongping
Talkaboutorganicfarmingsplendid
e.g.You’lllikeher,she’ssuper.
Youlooksuperinyournewclothes.
Itwassuperofyoutohelp.
4.expandv
(causesthto)becomegreaterinsize,numberorimportance
e.g.Metalsexpandwhentheyareheated.
Whynottrytoexpandyourstoryintoanovel?
5.circulatev
(causesthto)passfromoneperson,place,etctoanother
e.g.Peoplewhocirculatefalsenewsaretobeblamed.
Yetreportsofthiskindhavebeencirculatedbyournewspapers.
Thenewsoftheenemy’sdefeatquicklycirculatedroundthetown.
6.equipv
supplysb/sth(withwhatisneeded,foraparticularpurpose)
e.g.Nowallfishingboatsareradio-equipped.
Theycan’taffordtoequiptheirarmyproperly.
Pleaseequipyourselfwithasharppencilandarubberfortheexam.
7.exportv
send(goods)toanothercountryforsale
e.g.Indiaexportsteaandcottontomanydifferentcountries.
Thiscompanyhasalargehomemarketbutdoesn’texport.
8.rid...ofmakesb/sthfreefrom(sb/sthunpleasant)
e.g.Weallwishthatwewouldridtheworldoffamine.
Thefarmerrecentlytriedtoridthehouseofrats.
9.besatisfiedwith,becontentwith
e.g.Theyoungladyisn’tsatisfiedwiththepeacefullife.
Areyousatisfiedwithhisanswers?
10.wouldrather,preferto
e.g.I’dratherwalkthantakeabus.
I’dratheryouknewthatnow,thanafterwards.

StepⅥListeningandPost-reading
Atfirst,letstudentslistentothetape,andthenfinishtheexerciseinComprehending,wehaveinvolvedsomequestionsinExercise3,soteachercanchoosesomequestionstodo.ForEx1and2,teachercanleavesometimeforstudentstofinishandthenchecktheanswerswiththewholeclass.

StepⅦSummaryandHomework
T:Todaywetalkedaboutagriculture.AndwealsoreadaboutDrYuanLongping.Wehaveknownmuchaboutthegreatscientist.Ofcoursewehavelearnedsomewordsandexpressionsaboutfarming.Pleasetrytograspthesewordsandexpressionsafterclass.Nowpleaselookatthepoemonthescreen:
Farmersweedingatnoon,
Sweatdownthefieldsoon.
Whoknowsfoodonatray,
Duetotheirtoilingday?
T:Doyouknowit?Readitandsaywhatdoesitmean?
Ss:Ofcourse.It’s悯农writtenbyLiShen.
T:Right.ThetitleisAHARD-WORKINGFARMER.Thisismygifttoyou.Pleasereadittogether.OK,hopeyoucanrememberitwhenyouarehavingyourdinners.Besides,I’dlikeyoutothink:evenifDrYuan’sdreamscometrue,canthisreallysolvethestarvation?Why?Thisisthehomework.Thinkitover.NexttimeI’llasksomeofyoutogiveyouropinionintheclass.AnotheroneistofinishtheexercisesinLearningaboutLanguage.Exercise1,2and3areaboutusefulwordsandexpressions.Finishthem.Nexttimewe’llchecktheanswers.Ok,classisover.Seeyounexttime.

附件:
课文复述
Retellthetextinabout150words.
Notes:
1.Usethefirstpersontoretellthestory.
2.Trytousetheproperconjunctions.
3.Refertothechartwhileretelling.
4.Thepossibleversionbelowcanbeusedasamaterialforbothretellinganddictation.
Onepossibleversion:
I’mYuanLongping.Lookatmysunburntfaceandarmsandmyslim,strongbodyandyouwillthinkI’mmorelikeafarmerthanascientist.InfactIhavestruggledforthepastfivedecadestohelpfarmers.In1974,Ibegantogrowaso-calledsuperhybridrice.Thisspecialstrainofricemakesitpossibletoproduceone-thirdmoreofthecropinthesamefields.
Iwasbornintoapoorfarmer’sfamilyin1931.WhenIwasyoung,Isawmanypeoplegohungryoften.SoIhavedevotedmyselftofindingwaystoincreasingriceharvestwithoutexpandingtheareaoffieldssinceIgraduatedfromSouthwestAgricultureCollegein1953.Nowmorethan60%ofthericeproducedinChinaeachyearisfromthishybridstrain.IamcirculatingthisknowledgeinIndia,Vietnamandotherlessdevelopedcountriestoincreasetheirharvest.PerhapsyouthinkIamrich.ActuallyIliveasimplelife.Icarelittleformoney.Inmyopinionapersonwithtoomuchmoneywillhavemoretroubles.Idon’twanttobefamousbecauseIprefertohavemoretimetodomyresearch.InmyfreetimeIlovelisteningtomusic,playingmah-jongandreading.Ioncehadadream,inwhichIsawriceplantsastallassorghumandeachearofricewasasbigasanearofcornandeachgrainofricewasashugeasapeanut.NowIhaveanotherdream—toexportmyricesothatitcanbegrownallovertheworld.

ThesecondperiodGrammar
TheSecondPeriodWordsandGrammar
Teachinggoals教学目标
1.Targetlanguage目标语言
a.词汇和短语
sunburnt,hunger,expand,circulate,struggle,export,output,satisfied,strain,rid...of,leada...life,wouldrather,thanksto
b.语法
The-ingformassubjectandobject.
2.Abilitygoals能力目标
EnableSstomastertheusageofthewordsandexpressionsaboveandusethe-ingformassubjectandobjectcorrectlyandfreely.
3.Learningabilitygoals学能目标
HelpSslearnhowtousethesewordsandexpressionsfreelytoexpresstheirideasandusethe-ingformassubjectandobjectastheylike.Theycanalsopractiseactivelyandattentivelysothattheyreachtheirgoals.
Teachingimportantpoints教学重点
Theusageoftheimportantwordsandthe-ingformusedassubjectandobject.
Teachingdifficultpoints教具难点
Howtousethewordsandexpressionsandthe-ingformfreely.
Teachingmethods教学方法
Explaining,discussingandpractising.
Teachingaids教具准备
Aprojectorandacomputer.
Teachingproceduresorheonlydoesthingforhisorhisgroup’sinterest.Moreover,sometimeswhathemadecandoharmtosociety,thenhewillbethemostdangerouspersonintheworld.Thepoemaboveisveryeasytounderstand.Ifyoudothingsasittellsus,youcanturnouttobeawisemanwhowillbringtheworldthehappiness.
Well,todaywearegoingtodosomereading.PleaseturntoPage13.We’llreadthismaterialfirst.

StepⅡReading
Therearethreetasksinthisstep.First,teachercanaskstudentstoreadthearticlesoneparagraphbyoneparagraph.Askthemsomequestionsaboutthesepassages.Therearethreeparagraphsinthearticle.Ineachpassage,thereareoneortwoquestions.Whenstudentsfinishthesequestions,theywillfindthatthestructureofthetexthasturnedup.
T:Wonderful!Homeworkcheckisover.Inthelasttwoperiodswetalkedaboutagriculture.Aspeople’slivingconditionimproves,moreandmorepeopleareconcernedaboutwhattheyeat.Infactmoreandmorepeoplebecomeworriedaboutthequalityofthefoodtheyeat.Becausemoreandmorefarmersusechemicalfertilizerinsteadofnaturalwastefromanimalsandtheyusepoisontokillinsectstoprotecttheirplants.Sopeoplenowallwanttoeatgreenfoodwhichdoesnoharmtotheirhealth.Theyaremoreconcernedaboutorganicfarming.Nowlet’sreadthetextandknowsomethingaboutorganicfarming.
Task1:Questionsaboutthetext.
Showthequestionsonthescreen:

1.Whatistheorganicfarming?
2.Whatistheadvantageofusingnaturalfertilizer?
3.Whatisthedisadvantageofusingchemicalfertilizers?
4.What’sthemainideaofparagraph3?
5.Whydofarmersgrowtheircropsinsuchways?

T:Boysandgirls,todaywe’llreadthetextoneparagraphbyoneparagraph.Nowpleasereadthefirstparagraphquickly,andfindtheanswertothefirstquestion:whatistheorganicfarming?
S1:Organicfarmingreferstocropsgrowingwithnaturalratherthanchemicalfertilizers.
T:Good.Nowreadthesecondparagraphquicklyandfindtheanswertothisquestion:whataretheadvantageofusingnaturalfertilizer?
S2:Makethesoilricherinmineralsandsomorefertile.
T:anythingelse?
S3:Reducediseasesincropsandhelpthemgrowstrongandhealthy.Besides,keeptheair,soilandwateraswellasthefoodsupplyfreefromchemical.
T:Whatisthedisadvantageofusingchemicalfertilizers?
S4:Letmeanswerit.Therearethreedisadvantages.Firstly,leavingchemicalsinthegroundforalongtimeisnotgoodforthesoilorthewatersupply.Secondly,farmersoftengrowthesamecropyearafteryear.Asaresult,thesoilgetsexhausted.Thirdly,chemicalfertilizerskillbothhelpfulandharmfulbacteriaandpests.

Mainideaofthepassage
Chemicalfertilizerscancausemanyproblems,soorganicfarmingisbecoming
morepopular.

Structureofthetext
Iusingchemicalfertilizersforalongtimecanhurtthelandandalsopeople’shealth
IIProblemcausedbychemicalfertilizers
1.Damagethelandbykillingthehelpfulbacteriaandpestsaswellastheharmfulones
2.Leadtocancerorotherillness.
3.Foodgrownwithchemicalfertilizerslookbeautiful,butinsidethereisusuallymorewaterthanvitaminsandminerals.
ⅢOrganicfarmingisbecomingmorepopularwithsomefarmersandmanycustomersafterthesediscoveriescameout.
IVOthermethodstokeepthesoilfertile.

附件1

Isorganicfoodsafe?
Yes.Organicfoodisassafetoconsumeasanyotherkindoffood.Justaswithanykindofproduce,consumersshouldwashbeforeconsumingtoensuremaximumcleanliness.Ascitedabove,organicproducecontainssignificantlylowerlevelsofpesticideresiduesthanconventionalproduce.ItisacommonmisconceptionthatorganicfoodcouldbeatgreaterriskofE.colicontaminationbecauseofrawmanureapplicationalthoughconventionalfarmerscommonlyapplytonsofrawmanureaswellwithnoregulationwhatsoever.Organicstandardssetstrictguidelinesonmanureuseinorganicfarming:Eitheritmustbefirstcomposted,oritmustbeappliedatleast90daysbeforeharvest,whichallowsampletimeformicrobialbreakdownofanypathogens.
Whydoesorganiccostmore?
Thecostoforganicfoodishigherthanthatofconventionalfoodbecausetheorganicpricetagmorecloselyreflectsthetruecostofgrowingthefood:substitutinglaborandintensivemanagementforchemicals,thehealthandenvironmentalcostsofwhicharebornebysociety.Thesecostsincludecleanupofpollutedwaterandremediationofpesticidecontamination.Pricesfororganicfoodsincludecostsofgrowing,harvesting,transportationandstorage.Inthecaseofprocessedfoods,processingandpackagingcostsarealsoincluded.Organicallyproducedfoodsmustmeetstricterregulationsgoverningallthesestepsthanconventionalfoods.Theintensivemanagementandlaborusedinorganicproductionarefrequently(thoughnotalways)moreexpensivethanthechemicalsroutinelyusedonconventionalfarms.Thereismountingevidencethatifalltheindirectcostsofconventionalfoodproductionwerefactoredintothepriceoffood,organicfoodswouldcostthesame,or,morelikely,becheaperthanconventionalfood.

附件2
INTERNATIONALCOALITIONPROPOSESWORLDHUNGERREFORMS

FromIVUNews2001
Rome,Italy,May28[2002]-Aninternationalcoalitionpromotingplant-basedsolutionstoworldhungerproposedsweepingreformstodelegatestotheFoodandAgricultureOrganizationmeetingonworldfoodsecurityinRome.Thepurposeofthemeetingwastorepairaflawedprocessthatwassupposedtoreducethenumberofchronicallyhungrypeopleintheworldbyhalfbytheyear2015.
Thecoalition’spositionpapermakesseveralcreativepointstocleartheimpasse:
Akeyrootcauseofworldhunger,asidefromnaturaldisasters,pests,andwars,hasbeentheinsistencefirstbycolonialpowersandnowbycorporateinterestsonproductionofcashcropsforexport,inplaceofsufficientnutritious,safe,andaccessiblefoodforthelocalpopulation.
Internationaltradecannotsolveworldhungerbecauseitshiftslimitedagriculturalresourcestoproductionofcashcropsforexport,andpeoplewhodon’thaveaccesstofoodandotherbasicnecessitiesoflifehavenothingtotrade.
Westemmeatindustries,facingpublicawarenessofthehealthimpactsandstrictenvironmentalregulationsathome,seektoexploitthenaturalresources,cheaplabor,andpotentialmarketsoflow-incomefood-deficientnations(LIFDNs).
Thedefinitionoffoodsecurityasthesustainableavailabilityofsufficientamountsofnutritious,safe,andaccessiblefoodstuffsleadsinevitablytothechoiceofplant-basedsolutionsandtheavoidanceofanimal-basedsolutions.
Affluentnationsshouldactupontheirmoralobligationtoprovidetheresourcesnecessarytotransportanddistributewesternfoodsurplusestotheworld’shungrypeopleandtohelpsetupsustainableproductionofsufficientnutritious,safe,andaccessiblelocallygrownplant-basedfoods.Theyshouldreducetheirowndependenceonanimal-baseddietstoreleasefoodstuffsforthehungry.
LIFDNsshouldscrutinizecarefullyalloffersofresourcestomakesurethatthesetrulymeettheirneeds,ratherthanthoseofwesterncorporateinterests.Theyshouldinsistonbuildingupsustainableproductionofsufficientnutritious,safe,andaccessiblelocallygrownplant-basedfoods.
Inadditiontodistributingthepositionpapertothedelegates,coalitionactivistsalsohandedoutleafletsattheFAORomeheadquarters.AdditionalactionsareplannedinconnectionwiththeWorldFoodSummittobeheldinRomeinNovember.
MembersofthecoalitionincludeFARM,aU.S.non-profitorganizationwhichhaspromotedsustainable,humanefarmingpracticessince1976,andtwoItaliangroups,SocietaVegetariana(Milan)andProgettoVivereVegan(Florence).

附件3
Hunger:VegetarianSolutionsNow-Vegfam
ByFrevaDinsha
Vegfamisacharitableorganizationwiththemissiontofeedthehungrywithoutexploitinanimals.
Itwasfoundedin1963inEnglandbyChrisandJanetAldous.LaterRuthandFriedensternHowardbecameTrustees..FriedenandotherscontinueitsworktodayoutoftheofficeinDevon,England.(VEGFAM,TheSanctuary,NrLydford,Okehampton,DevonEX204AL,England)Forover30years,Vegfamhasbeenworkingwithandinfluencingmajorcharitiesaroundtheworld,byco-financingprojectsthatdonotexploitanimals.Vegfamworksthroughindigenouson-the-spotrepresentatives,andworkswithexistingcharitiestosupportimmediateandlong-termfoodandwater-aidprojects.Inworkingwithexistingcharities,Vegfameducatesthesegroupsabouttheneedforreliefeffortsthatdonotfeedthehungryattheexpenseofanimalsandtheenvironment.
Short-termaidforfaminevictimsincludespurchasinggrains,legumes,fruits,nuts,andvegetables,andprovidingwatersupplies.Long-termaidincludesprovidingseedsforplanting,irrigationprojects,diggingwaterwells,providingfruitandnuttrees,providingvegetableplotsand/ortrainingpeopletogrowvegetables,andLeafConcentrateprojects.SomeofthecountriesaidedbyVegfamareIndia,Bangladesh,Vietnam,Sudan,Ethiopia,Nigeria/Biafra,Somalia,Syria,Lebanon,Zimbabwe,andmanymore.
In1994helpwassenttoAngola,Rwanda,andBosnia.Donationsmadein1995were,in￡sterling;(￡1=about$1.60),andtheamountsaresmallcomparedtoneed,to:
MALAWI(MonkeyBay)￡1,000tofinancerunningaFruitTreeNursery.TheprojectisdoneinconjunctionwithConcernUniversalandtheWildlifeSocietyofMalawi.
INDIA(Madurai)￡1,265fortwowellsinKarumbalaiforpoorvillagerswhowouldotherwisehavetowalkafar.￡1,935tofeedorphansintheorphanageatChathirpatti.(TheorphansaretakeninfromvariousdisastersinIndia:flood,earthquake,plague,etc.)BothoftheseeffortsareinsupportoftheworkofPastorJesudoss.
INDIA(Jaipur)￡500fortheleafconcentratechildfeedingprogramsrunbyFindYourFeet,
INDIA(HimalayasKumaon)￡500foramedicinalandculinaryherbnurserywhichwillhelpsubsistencefarmersearnalivingandovercomeafoodshortage,andpreservethewild-growingherbsthatarebeingexcessivelyharvested.
ELSALVADOR￡2,500forgrowinganddryingcowpealeavestoaddtochildren’ssnackstoalleviatemalnutrition,incooperationwithalocalagency,andFindYourFeet.
Sofarin1996donationshavebeenmadeto:
INDIA,throughPastorJesudoss:￡500tohelpfeedrefugeesfromSriLanka,and￡1,220totheorphanage.
ZAMBIA:￡3,000foramaizegrindingmill,donatedthroughtheZambianSocietyOfVegetarians.
MEXICO:￡2,000foradriedleafprojectofFINDYOURFEETwithcooperationofalocalagency.
NIGERIA,andawaitingfunding,isasoyflourdistributionprojecttobeconductedbytheNigerianVegetarianSociety.

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