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Zoology教案

古人云,工欲善其事,必先利其器。准备好一份优秀的教案往往是必不可少的。教案可以让学生更好的消化课堂内容,帮助教师有计划有步骤有质量的完成教学任务。那么如何写好我们的教案呢?下面是小编为大家整理的“Zoology教案”,相信您能找到对自己有用的内容。

TheThirdPeriod?
TeachingAims:
1.Revisethesentencepatternforemphasis.?
2.Revisethewordsandphraseslearnedinthelastperiod.?
3.Revisetheusagesofmodalverbs.?
TeachingImportantPoints:?
1.Usethewordsandphraseslearntfreelyandcorrectly.?
2.Usethemodalverbscorrectly.?
TeachingDifficultPoints:?
Howtousethemodalverbscorrectlyindifferentsituations.?
TeachingMethods:?
1.Exercisestohelpstudentsusethelearntwordsandphrasesfreelyandcorrectly.?
2.Comparativeandinductivemethodstotellstudentstheusagesofsomemodalverbs.?
3.Exercisestohelpstudentsusethemodalverbscorrectly.?
TeachingAids:?
1.acomputer?
2.acourseware?
TeachingProcedures:?
StepⅠGreetings
Greetthewholeclassasusual.
StepⅡRevision
T:Inthelastperiod,welearntasentencepatternforemphasis.AndIalsotoldyoutodoanexercise.NowI’llcheckyourhomework.?
(Teacheraskssomestudentstogivetheanswersandthenchecksthemwiththewholeclass.)?
Suggestedanswers:?
1.Itisthehoney-beethatinterestsscientistsmost.?
科学家最感兴趣的是蜜蜂。
2.ItisProfessorWuthattheywanttoinvite.?
他们想邀请的是吴教授。?
3.ItwasonOctober1stthatnewChinawasfounded.?
新中国是在10月1日成立的。
4.Itwasnotuntilitwasdeepintothenightthathewenttobed.?
他一直到深夜才睡觉。
5.Wasitbecausehewasillthatheaskedforleave??
他是因为生病才请假的吗?
6.Wherewasitthathetoldyouthenews??
他是在哪里告诉你这个消息的?
StepⅢLanguagePractice
T:Inthelastperiodwe’velearntsomenewwordsandphrases.Nowlet’sdoanexercisetoseeifyouhaveknowntheirexactmeaning.PleaselookatExercise1.Choosetheproperwordorphraseintheboxtotaketheplaceoftheunderlinedwordineachofthefollowingsentences.?
(Teachergivesstudentsawhiletofinishthisexerciseandthenasksthestudentstogivetheanswers.)?
Suggestedanswers:?
1.glass—transparent?
2.think—assume?
3.makeclear—clarify?
4.nearby—surrounding?
5.obvious—apparent?
6.distinguish—tellapart;smallcircles—dot?
7.get—obtain;enough—adequate?
T:Nowlet’sdoExercise2.Imaginethatyouareascientistwhoisstudyingbees.AreporterfromthelocalTVstationhasaskedyousomequestionsaboutyourwork.Youcanusethewordsinthebracketstoanswerthesequestions.Youcanusethedetailedinformationinthepassagetohelpyou.Youcanalsoworkinpairstohaveadiscussion.?
(Teachergivesstudentsenoughtimetoprepareandthenaskssomeofthemtogivetheanswers.)?
Suggestedanswers:?
R:Pleasetellusaboutyourwork.Whatisyourtheory?Whatisitthatyouwanttoshow??
You:Ihaveanassumptionthatbeescanuseakindof“language”tocommunicatewitheachother.Iwanttoshowthatbeesconveysomeinformationwhentheyaredancing.?
R:Isee.Soyoubelievethatthebeesuseadancetocommunicate.Whatdoesthedancelooklike??
You:Thebeemovessidewaysinthewaggingdance:thedancerrunsinastraightline,waggingfromsidetoside.Thenitturnedinasemicircle,ranstraightagain,andturnedinanothersemicircletotheoppositeside.?
R:Youhavesetuptwofeedingplaceshere.Oneisveryclosetothebeehive,oneisaboutthreehundredmetresaway.Whyhaveyoudonethat??
You:Iassumethatbeesconveymoreinformationthanfood.Inordertofindoutwhethermyassumptioniscorrect,Ihavesetuptwofeedingplaces.oneisveryclosetothebeehive,theotherisinafar-awayplace.?
R:Thebeesalllookthesametome.Howdoyoudistinguishonebeefromanother??
You:Imarkallthebeesthatcometothenearbyfeedingplaceblueandallthebeesthatgotothefar-awayplacered.InthiswayIcantellthemaparteasily.?
R:Howwereyouabletocometoaconclusion??
You:Ididmoreexperimentsinordertoob-tainenoughdatatoprovideanadequateaccountofthebees’behaviour.?
R:Itmusthavebeendifficulttogetenoughinformation.Howdidyouknowifthedancetoldthebeesexactlywherethefeedingplacewas??
You:Bydoingalotofexperiments,Iknewthatthedancecoveyednewsoffood.Itwasevidentthatthecircledancetoldthebeesaboutthelocationofthefoodwhilethewaggingdancetoldtheexactdistancetothefeedingplace.?
R:Whatwasthemostimportantthingyouhavelearntaboutthebees?Whatbecameclearasyoustudiedthebees??
You:ThemostimportantthingIlearntaboutbeeswasthatbeescancommunicatewitheachotherbydancingindifferentways.AsIstudiedthebees,itcametolightthatbeesflyamaximumdistanceof3.2kilometresbetweentheirhiveandafeedingplace.?
StepⅣGrammar?
T:We’velearntsomemodalverbsbefore.WeallknowthatmodalverbsaredifficulttomasterinEnglish.Nowlookatthesentencesonthescreen.Theunderlinedpartsareallmodalverbs.PleasegivetheChineseforeachsentenceandexplaintheuseofmodalverbsinit.?
(Teachershowsthefollowingonthescreen.)?
1.Ellenshouldhavekepthispromise.Iwonderwhyhechangedhismind.?
2.Yououghtnottoeattoomuchjunkfood.?
3.—Areyoucomingfordinner??
—I’mnotsure.Imightgotomyaunt’sinstead.?
4.Therewasplentyoftime.Weneedn’thavehurried.?
5.Nancydarenotgooutaloneatnight.?
6.Imustfinishthereportbeforethisweekend.?
7.IcanreadEnglishmuchfasterthanbefore.?
8.Wouldsheliketoborrowmybicycle??
9.Sheisrehearsinganewplay.Shemustbeverybusynow.?
10.It’sgettinglate.I’mafraidIhavegottogo.?
(Bb:should/oughtto;may/might/could;need,dare;must/have(got)to;can/beableto;shall/will)?
T:Now,who’dliketoexplainthefirstsentence??
S1:埃伦本来应该遵守诺言的。我奇怪他为什么改变了主意。?
“Should”isusedtoindicate“obligation”or“duty”.Thestructurewithperfectinfinitiveisusedtotalkaboutthingswhichdidnothappen,althoughtheyweresupposedto.?
Suggestedanswers:?
2.你不应该吃太多的垃圾食品。?
“Shouldn’t/oughtn’tto”isthenegativeshortformof“should/oughtto”expressing“advice”.?
3.——你会来吃晚饭吗??
——我说不准。或许我得去我姑妈家。?
“May/might/could”isusedtotalkabout“possibility”.
4.还有充足的时间,我们不必匆匆忙忙的。?
“Needn’t”isthenegativeshortformof“need”.?
Themodalverb“need”,whichisusedtoexpress“necessity”,istodaymostcommonlyusedinnegativestatements.
5.南希晚上不敢独自一人外出。?
Themodalverb“dare”means“haveenoughcourage”.Itisusedespeciallyinnegativestatementsandquestions.
6.周末前我必须完成这份报告。?
“Must”isusedtoexpress“necessityinfuturetime”.
7.我比从前阅读英语快多了。?
“Can”isusedtotalkabout“theabilitytodosth.”.
8.她想借用我的自行车吗??
“Would”isusedinoffersorinvitations.
9.她正排练一出新戏,她现在一定很忙。?
“Must”hereisusedtodrawalogicalconclusion.
10.天不早了,恐怕我得走了。?
Whenthereseemstobenootherchoice,“haveto”isused.“Havegotto”isusedinspokenEnglishinsteadof“haveto”inwrittenEnglish.
T:Canyoutellthedifferencesbetween“can”and“beableto”??
S2:No.?
T:“Can”and“beableto”bothindicate“ability”,but“can”isusedonlyinthePresentIndefiniteTenseandthePastIndefiniteTensewhile“beableto”isusedindifferentkindsoftenses.?
S3:Willyouexplaintheusagesofthetwomodalverbs“shall”and“will”??
T:“ShallI.../Shallwe...”areoftenusedtomakesuggestions.“Willyou.../Wouldyou...”areoftenusedtoindicaterequests.I’llgiveyoutwoexamples.Lookattheblackboard,please.?
(Bb:Shallwetakeourswim-suits??
Willyoupostthisletterforme,please?)?
T:Nowlet’sdoanexerciseinyourtextbooks.?
PleaseusethepropermodalverbstofinishthetwodialoguesinExercise3.?
(Teachergivesstudentssomeminutestoprepareandthencheckstheanswerswiththewholeclass.)?
Suggestedanswers:?
Dialogue1?
shall;must;needn’t/don’thaveto;can/could;may/might;can/may/hadbetter;would;can’t;must?
Dialogue2?
Will/Would;must;can;must;must;would;can;should/oughtto;dare
StepⅤSummaryandHomework?
T:Today,we’vereviewedsomenewwordsandphraseslearntinthelastperiod.We’vealsoreviewedsomethingaboutthetext.Besides,we’vereviewedtheusagesofsomemodalverbsandhavedonesomeexercisesaboutthem.Afterclass,youshoulddomoreexercisesaboutmodalverbsandpreviewthereadingpassageinthe“integratingskills”.OK.That’sallfortoday.Classisover.
StepⅥTheDesignoftheWritingonthe?
Blackboard?
Unit14 Zoology?
TheThirdPeriod?
ModalVerbs:?
should/oughtto;may/might/could;need;dare;must/have(got)to;can/beableto;shall/will?
Examples:?
Shallwetakeourswim-suits??
Willyoupostthisletterforme,please?
StepⅦRecordafterTeaching?
___________________________________

相关知识

Unit 14 Zoology [学案]


一般给学生们上课之前,老师就早早地准备好了教案课件,大家静下心来写教案课件了。必须要写好了教案课件计划,未来的工作就会做得更好!你们会写一段优秀的教案课件吗?考虑到您的需要,小编特地编辑了“Unit 14 Zoology [学案]”,相信能对大家有所帮助。

第一部分课文理解

Warmingup
ReadthefollowingproverbsandthenmatchtheChinesemeaningofeachproverb.
一贫如洗回家生闷气饥肠辘辘勿惹事生非不要过早打如意算盘
披着羊皮的狼一燕不成夏拦路虎把好人与坏人分开亡羊补牢
班门弄斧倾盆大雨蠢得像头猪江山易改,本性难移
人靠衣装,佛靠金装小时偷针,大时偷金潜移默化爱屋及乌
1.Toteachafishhowtoswim.
2.Thesparrownearaschoolsingstheprimer.
3.Loveme,lovemydog
4.Lookthebarndoorafterthehorseisstolen.
5.Hethatwillstealapinwillstealanox.
6.Don’tcountyourchickensbeforetheyhatch.
7.aspoorasachurchmouse
8.Letsleepingdogslie.
9.ImSOhungrythatIcouldeatahorse.
10.Gohomeandkickthedog.
11.Separatethesheepfromthegoats.
12.Alionintheway.
13.Oneswallowdoesn’tmakeasummer
14.Awolfinsheep’sclothing.
15.Finefeathersmakefinebirds.
16.Youcan’tmakeacrabwalkstraight.
17.Itrainscatsanddogs.
18.asstupidasagoose.
Readthetextandthenmatchthegeneralideaofeachparagraph.
Para11.Thecircledance
Para22.Abriefintroductionofthebee
Para33.Whetherbeescouldtelleachothertheexactposition.
Para44.Thewaggingdance.
Para55.Pro.KarlvonFrischbuiltspecialhivestostudybees.
Para66.Thenumberofwaggingdancesindicatestheexactdistancetothefeedingplace.
Para77.Somethingabouttheprofessor
Para88.“Bee-line”and“tomakeabeelinefor”
Readthepassagecarefullyandthendothefollowingexercises
Para.1
①Q:Whyisitthehoney-beethathasinterestedscientistsmost?
Becauseofthelanguagetheyusetocommunicatewitheachother.
②Youcanfindoutthetopicsentenceofthetextsimplyinpara.1from____.
A.thefirstsentenceB.thesecondsentenceC.ThefifthsentenceD.thelastsentence
③Thescientistscanstudythelanguageofhoneybeesonlyafterthedevelopmentof____.
A.themodernbeehiveB.experimentsC.dishesofhoneyD.bothAandB
Para.2
①KarlvonFrischmadeanexperimenttoresearch____.
A.thefoodofhoneybeesB.thedanceofhoneybees
C.thewayshoneybeescommunicateD.Thehiveofhoneybees
②Thephrase“tellthebeesapart”inpara.2means____.
A.letthebeesliveseparatelyB.tellonebeefromtheother
C.drivethebeesawayD.tearthebeesintopieces
③Whichofthefollowingstatementsisright?
A.Animalsdohavealanguagelikethatofhumanbeings.
B.WhenProfessorKarlvonFrischplacedlittledishesofmilkonthetable,beessooncame.
C.Inordertobeabletowatchthebeesscientifically,hebuiltsomespecialhive,aglasswallandmarkedthebeeswithlittlespotsofcolour.
D.Whenamarkedbeereturnedtothehivefromthefeedingtable,itbegantoperformadanceonthesurfaceoftheground.
④WhatwasProfessorvonFrischpuzzledby?
Whenheplacedlittledishesofhoneyonatable,beessooncame.Assoonasonebeediscoveredthehoney,manymorecametoitoneafteranotherinashorttime.
Para.3-4
①TheLanguageofHoneyBees

②Howdidthemarkedbeetellthemessageoffoodtotheotherbees?Givethefollowsinrightorder.
a.Themarkedbeereturnedtothehivefromthefeedingtable.
b.Itrepeatedthesecirclesoverandoveragain.c.Themarkedbeemadeacircletotheleft.
dThemarkedbeemadeacircletotheright.e.Theotherexcitedbeesdancetogether.
f.Thebeesleftthehiveandwenttothefeedingplace.
A.abcefdB.cadefbC.adcbefD.dacebf
③Differentdanceindicatedifferent____.
A.foodB.feedingplacesC.stepsD.semicircles
④Thecircledancecommunicates____.
a.thedistanceoffoodb.theinformationoffood
c.theamountoffoodd.thekindoffood
A.abcB.abdC.abD.bc
⑤Canyoudescribehowthecircledanceperformed?Andhowthewaggingdanceperformed?
Para5
①Whatdidthescientistsdiscover?
Theydiscoveredthatthefeedingstationwas,thedancewas.
②Whatamaximumdistancedothebeesfly?
Beesbetweentheirhiveandafeedingplace.
③Thephrase“cometolight”inParagraph5means______.
A.becomeknownB.cometoabrightplaceC.turnbrightD.bothAandB
④Thenumberofthewaggingdancesperminutetold______.
A.thepositionofthefeedingplaceB.theamountofthefood
C.thedistanceofthefeedingplaceD.alltheinformationaboutfood
Para7
Whatdoes"bee-line"mean?

Para.8
①AccordingtothethispassagepleasegivetheinformationaboutKarlvonFrisch
Nationality:____________
What’she?________________
Researchwork:_________________
Howtofinditout:_________________
Hisdiscovery:______________________
Prize:_____________________________
②.Afterreadingthetext,youcaninferthewriterislikelytowriteabout____inthenextpara.
A.Whetherthecircledancetoldthemwhatfoodwasinfeedingplace
B.Whetherthebeescantellonecolourfromtheother
C.Whetherthewaggingdancetellthebeesthedistanceandthedirectionofthefood
D.Whetherthelanguageofhoneybeesisthemostusefullanguageofallanimals
③Whichofthestatementsispossibleaccordingtothelastparagraph?
A.Wehumanbeingscancommunicateashoneybeesdo.
B.Wehumanbeingscangoasquicklyashoneybees.
C.Wehumanbeingscancometohelpeachotherinafastway.
D.Wehumanbeingscanlearnsomethingfromanimals’behavior.
根据课文内容填空:
Therearemany_________ofbee.Amongthedifferenttypesofbee,itisthehoney-beethathasmostinterestedscientistsbecauseofthe“language”theyuseto____________witheachother.ThescientistsVonFrischbuiltspecialhivestofindouthowonebeecommunicatethenewsoffoodtotheotherbeesinthehive.
Tohis_____________,thebeewhofoundthefeedingplacebeganto_________adanceonthe________ofthehoneycomb.Thedanceseemedto_______thesurroundingbees.They_________behindthefirstdancer,_________itsmovements.Thenthebeesleftthehiveandwenttothe_______place.Hefoundthatthebeesdidthecirclingdancewhenthefoodisnear,andthatthebeesdidthe__________dancewhenthefoodwasfaraway.Healsofoundthatthenumberofwaggingdancesper________toldhowfarawaythefoodwas.

第二部分语言点

课文前面部分
1.Asmallanimalthathelpsthepolicegetholdofthieves.
一种能帮助警察捉贼的动物。
getholdof…=take/catchholdof…意思是“抓住…”;“获得…”
getholdof…=take/catchholdof…意思是“抓住…”;“获得…”
Heandpulled.他抓住绳子用力拉。
.我需要马上就能有点钱
holdaconversation/meetingholdtheline=holdon
hold…backholdone’sbreath
2.Ananimalthatisn’ttellingthetruth.一种会撒谎的动物。
tellthetruth“说实话”的意思,tell的相关类似短语有:
tella/thelie=telllies撒谎tellastory讲故事
3.Youaregoingtohearaninterviewwithawomanwhoworksinazoo。
你将听到对一位在动物园工作的妇女的采访报道。
interview在这里是名词“采访”的意思,还有“面试”之意。
interview在这里是名词“采访”的意思,还有“面试”之意。
Thefilmstaragreedtogiveaninterviewafterthewedding.。
Yourinterviewforthejobistomorrow你的定在明天
interview“采访”,要区别与cover的用法。interview可以用interviewsb.或interviewsth.但cover只能说coversth.
Areporterinterviewedtheprimeminister.。
She’sforthejob.她正在接受求职面试。
Theysentagreatmanyreporters.
他们派遣了很多记者报道这次会议。
cover除了“采访”的意思外还有“用……遮盖;覆盖”“占有…(面积);掩饰”
“涉及…(内容)”等含义。请学习下面例句中cover一词的各种用法
Sincewatercoversmostoftheearth,Corsteauknewweshouldkeeptheseasclean.
由于水覆盖了地球的大部分,库斯托知道我们应该保持海洋清洁。
Hetriedtocover(up)hismistake.他想掩盖他的错误。
Hesaidhecouldcoverthedistanceonfootintwohours.他说这段路程两个小时能走完
Howmanypageshaveyoucovered?你读了多少页了?
Whatarethemainpointsyou’regoingtocoverinyourtalk?你的报告主要涉及哪些内容。
Wehaveonlyjustcoveredourexpenses.我们所收入的仅够开支而已。
cover作名词,作“盖子”、“封面”解。
Whenthewaterboils,takethecover.当水开的时候,把盖子揭开.
Thebookneedsanewcover.这书需要装个新封面.
4.What’stheproblemwiththeanimalsatthezoo?动物园里的动物有什么问题?
What’stheproblemwith…=…=…
=?=?都用来询问“…(你)怎么回事?”
5.Thetwoteamstaketurnsspeaking.两支队伍轮流发言。
taketurnsdoingsth.“轮流干…”,turn是名词。
复习turn的用法
作名词用
It’sone’sturntodosth轮到某人做某事
.该你来做出决定了。
turnone’sturntodosth=dosthinturn=dosthbyturns
作名词用:转动,转向,翻转
turnright/left=
turntosth./sb.(forhelp)turntopage84
作系动词用:变得……
turngreen/yellow变绿/黄了
Tenyearslater,heturnedteacher.
A./B.aC.anD.the

固定词组:
背叛关小/拒绝
turnfromsidetoside把身体转来转去上交
...(使……)成为……(水源、煤气、电灯等)/避开(问题等)
开(水、煤气、电灯、无线电等)/对……发怒
turnontheradioturnout
(使)打翻/翻身/翻动/翻耕(土地)/转危为安
开大/出现/找到/证明是(=turnouttobe)
6.Whenalltheteamsareready,theteacherwillstartandtimethedebate.
当所有队伍都准备好以后,老师就开始为辩论计时.
time是动词,"计时"的意思,还有“安排好时间,使合拍子;安排……的速度"
Howlongcanyouholdyourbreathunderwater?.
你在水下能潜多久呢?深呼吸一下,我给你计时。
Hetimedhisjourneysothathecouldarriveatthehotelbeforedark.
他安排好了他的旅程,以便能在天黑以前到达旅馆。
Hetriedtotimehisstepstothemusic.。
课文部分
1.ProfessorKarlvonFrisch,ascientistfromAustria,spentmanyyearsofhisliferesearchingtheamazingwayshoney-beescommunicateintheirdarkhives.奥地利科学家卡尔冯弗里希教授,一生中花去了许多岁月,研究蜜蜂在黑暗的蜂箱里是以怎样巧妙的方式传递信息的。
amazevt.使惊愕;使大为惊讶:
.令人惊讶的是他竟通过了驾驶考试。
amazing“令人惊异的”;在西方人的口中,表示惊讶,经常可以听到amazing这个词。如果有些事情发生得出乎意料,难以置信,也可以用amazing来形容。
You’reamazing.。
thattheboywasabletosolvetheproblemsoquickly.
那男孩能这样快地解完这道题,真是令人惊奇。
有些漂亮或另类的东西,总能吸引许多眼球,就可以说是amazingthings.
Iamalwayslookingfornewandamazingitems.我总是在寻找让我眼前一亮的新东西。
amazed使(某人)感到惊奇,常用beamazedat/by感到惊奇。
Heallthecolours,andallthebeautifulfish.他对五颜绿色和各种美丽的鱼感到惊奇。
.Ican’tevenfindwheremyoldhouseis.
北京的变化使我们感到惊奇。我几乎找不到旧房子了。
2.Inordertotellthebeesapart,hepaintedsomebeeswithlittledotsofcolour.为了把蜜蜂区分开,他在一些蜜蜂身上涂上色斑.
tell...apart识别,辨别(复习)
?Fortheylooksoalike.你能区别开简和露丝吗?她们长得太像了。
tellAfromB把A与B区别开
?你能把汤姆和他的双胞胎哥哥区别开吗?
.我们很难区分开莉莉和露丝。
3.Theytroopedbehindthefirstdancer,copyingitsmovement.
它们成群结队地跟在第一只跳舞的蜜蜂后面,模仿它的动作。troop
①n.一群,大量
childrenwentintotheMuseum.一群学生走进了博物馆。
troopsofvisitors一群一群的访问者
troops军队,部队
Thelocalpeopledemandedthewithdrawaloftheforeigncountrytroops.

②vi.集合,群集;成群地涌向,结队而行
Childrenafterthelecture.演讲结束后,孩子们成群地走出了/进教室。
4.overandoveragain=againandagain=timeandtimeagain=overandover一再地,经常地,重复地
Theoldmanalways.
这位老人总是一次又一次地回忆起以前的美好时光。
5.Onewasclosetothehive.Theotherwasmuchfartheraway,beyondsometrees.
一个靠近蜂箱,另一个远离蜂箱,几棵大树之外.
beyondprep(复习)
①在……那边,越过(场所)
Thehouseis.房屋在桥的那边。
由于雾,河的那边我什么也看不见。
②(指时间)超出,晚于
.不要在外边停留到10点钟还不回家。
③超出,为……所不能及(程度)
Yourworkisbeyondallpraise。
Helivesbeyondhisincome。。
beyondone’scontrol
.手表无法修理了
Thisproblemisfarbeyondme/mycomprehension。
6.cometolight发现,暴露
Muchmorenewevidencehascometolight,sothejudgeshavetosentencethemantodeath.
,所以法官。
Whentheoldwomandied,itcametolightthatshewasactuallyveryrich.
老太太死后,。
7.compareAwithB把A与B比较一下(复习)
,andyoucan.
把美国英语与英国英语比较一下,你就会发现它们之间的不同点。
compareAtoB把A比作B
.诗人把睡眠比作死亡。
comparedto...=...与……比起来
,thesunismuchbigger.与地球比起来,太阳要大得多。
8.comeup
①前进,进来
Mymother.母亲走向前紧紧地抓住我的手。
②上升
Thesuncameupatthattime.。
Hehasstayedunderwaterfor2minutes,buthehasn’tcomeupyet.
他在水下呆了2分钟了,还没上来。
③长出,发芽
.这些种子还没有发芽。
④被提出讨论
.这个问题在昨天的会议上被提出来了。
⑤与come有关的短语:
comeabout;comeacross;comeat袭击;
comedown下降,流传comeoutwith说出,透漏;cometooneself
9.includevt.(复习)
包括,包含
Yourdutyincludesputtingthebabytothebed.你的职责包括让孩子上床睡觉。
Therearefivechaptersinthisbook,.
这本书有5章,包括由我们老师写的两章。
Everyonewillgotothecinema,.每个人都要去电影院,包括老肖。
10.transparentadj.
①透明的;清澈的。
②显而易见的;一目了然的[+that]
Itwastransparentthatherpridewashurt.。
③坦率的,光明正大的
Heisamanoftransparentsincerity.他是一个坦率诚恳的人。
11.surroundingn.环境;周围的事物[P]
Hedidn’tpaymuchattentiontohissurroundings.。
adj.周围的;附近的
Foxesstartedcominginfromthesurroundingcountryside.。
12.apparent
①adj表面的,外观的;未必真实的
Theapparentcauseofhisillnesswasexcessivedrinking,buttherealcausewashisdeepgriefathis
wife’sdeath.。
②明显的,显而易见的;明白无误的[(+to)][+that]
hewasinnoconditiontotravel.他的健康状况显然不宜旅行。
13.Soanotherastonishingfactcametolight.于是又发现一个令人惊讶的情况。
cometolight暴露,真相大白
whenthepoliticianwasseenwiththelady.
当有人看到那位政客跟那位女士在一起时,真相就大白了。
.
最近一桩政治丑闻暴露出来
14.maximum(反minimum)
①n.最大量,最大数,最大限度[C][(+of)]
Ourgoal.
我们的目标是取得最高的效率。
②顶点;(法定的)最高极限;(公路行车的)最高速[theS][(+of)]
Driversmustnotexceedamaximumof55milesanhour.

③adj.最大的;最多的;最高的;顶点的
is150milesperhour.
这辆车的最大时速为一百五十英里。
15.preciseadj.
①精确的;准确的;确切的;丝毫不差的;恰好的
Ican’tgiveyou.我无法告诉你确切的日期。
atthepreciousmoment
②明确的;清晰的
Hisinstructionswerenotveryprecise.。
③严格的;细致的
Wehadpreciseorderstocomehomebynineo’clock.。
④刻板的,拘泥的
.他的一言一行都有板有眼。
16.adequate
①adj.能满足需要(量)的,足够的[(+for)][+to-v]
Martinthought.马丁认为他没有充足的证据。
?你的薪水足够养家吗?
②适当的;适当的[(+to/for)对于…](不置于名词前)
asolutionadequatetotheproblem
③胜任的[(+to)]
Sheproved.事实证明她能胜任此项工作。
④尚可的,差强人意的
Thathotelismerelyadequate.。
17.clarifyvt.
①澄清;阐明
Hisexplanationclarifiedthemystery.。
②净化
Itrequiresofusgreateffortstoclarifysewageincities.。
③使清楚,使清醒
Mymindonthisissue.对这个问题我的头脑变得清楚了。
18.changeableadj.
①易变的;不定的
Histemper’sbeenchangeablethisweek,sodon’tannoyhim.
,所以不要惹他生气。
②可改变的,可能被改变的
③闪光的;闪色的
changeablesilk闪光丝绸
19.adaptationn.
①适应,适合[U]
Hethenewenvironment.他很快适应了新的环境。
②改编,改写[U];改写本[C]
Thisplayisanadaptationofanovel.。
20.VonFrischassumedthatthedanceconveyedmoreinformation.
冯弗里希想弄清这种舞蹈能不能说明喂食处有多远.assumevt.表示“假设,主观认为,假定;
①assumethat…
.我们认为,你了解形势。
②assume+名词+(tobe)+名[形].
.我认为他是个诚实的人。
③assuming和given,supposing,provided/providing(that)等词一样都可以引导状语作用相当于if.
Supposingyourfathersawyouplayingcomputergames,whatwouldhesay?
=ifyourfathersaw……
Assumingthattheweatherisfavourable,Farmerswillhaveagoodharvest.
Giventhatitdoesn’traintomorrow,Iwillgocamping.,我就会去野营
另:assuming自负的,傲慢的,过分自信的
④assumed假装的,假的;假定的,设想的:
anassumedcheerfulness假定的结果,
Hislookofastonishmentwasassumed.
⑤assumption假定,假想
Iwasundertheassumptionthatyouwerecomingtomorrow.。
.我本以为他已通过了考试,结果我错了。
21.Hemarkedallthebeesthatcametothenearbyfeedingplaceblue,andallthebeesthatwenttothefarawayplaceweremarkedred.他给所有来到近的喂食处的蜜蜂标上蓝色,给飞到远的喂食处的蜜蜂标上红色。faraway(远方的)是由far+away构成的合成形容词。
nearby(附近的)是由near+by构成的合成形容词。它们在句中都作定语。
远处的森林farawaytimes
附近的一家旅店nearbyhills
注意:faraway在作定语时通常都连写,作表语或作状语时则分写(faraway)。如:
Thehouseisnotfaraway.那座房子并不远。
Helivesfarawayfromtheschool.他住得离学校很远。
nearby既可作定语,又可作状语;既可以连写(nearby),也可以分写(nearby),还可以加连字符(near-by)。
Isawhergoingtoanear-bypost-boxbeforelunch.。
----lessthanakilometer.他们住在附近,不到一公里。
Hegaveuphisseatto.他把座位让给站在附近的老人了。

Unit14Zoology授后练习
一、单项填空
1.—Ireallyneedtotalktoyou.______?—Certainly.What’sthematter?
A.WhereareyougoingB.WhatshallItellyouC.CanyousparemeafewminutesD.Whenareyoufree
2.—Sinceyoulikethefurcoatsomuch,whynotbuyit?—Well,Ican’tafford______coat.
A.thatexpensiveaB.athatexpensiveC.thatanexpensiveD.anexpensivethat
3.Afteraday’sworkIwasverytiredandmylegs______.SoIdidn’tvisityou.
A.tookoverB.gaveoutC.putoffD.setup
4.YoucanneverimaginewhatgreattroubleIhad______thepoorboywhowashurtseriously.
A.helpB.tohelpC.helpedD.helping
5.TheoldmanreturnedtoQingdao,______heleftinthe1940s.
A.whereB.whatC.whichD.how
6.—Dicksometimesmakesmemad.—______too.Iwishhe______alittlepolite.
A.I;isB.I;wereC.Me;isD.Me;were
7.Thegreattemple______whenIwenttovisititlastautumn.Itmusthavebeenopentothevisitorsnow.
A.wasrebuiltB.wasbeingrebuiltC.hadbeenrebuiltD.wastorebuild
8.—Wasitbecausethetrafficwasveryheavyduringtherushhour______youwerelateagain?
—Well,I’mafraidso.
A.whenB.thatC.whyD.how
9.Asweknow,thesoonercoastalpopulationsare______acomingtsunami(海啸),thegreatertheirchancesofescaping.
A.usedtoB.informedwithC.warnedofD.knownabout
10.Insomecountries,______iscalled“equality”doesnotreallymeanequalrightsforallthepeople.
A.whichB.thatC.whatD.who
11.You______paytoomuchattentiontoyourreadingskill,asitissoimportant.
A.mustn’tB.needn’tC.can’tD.won’t
12.Dr.HansSelyeis______memberofUniversityofMontrealfaculty,andheisnoworganizing______InternationalInstituteofStressinMontreal.
A.a;theB.a;/C.the;theD.a;an
13.Thatvoiceonthephonewasexactlyasshe______itwouldsound.Justexactlylikeherfather’s.
A.dreamedB.haddreamedC.woulddreamD.wasdreamed
14.Ioftenseelightsinthatemptyhouse.DoyouthinkI______reportittothepolice?
A.shouldB.mayC.willD.can
15.You______betired—you’veonlybeenworkingforonehour.
A.mustnotB.won’tC.can’tD.maynot
16.—Idon’tmindtellingyouIknow.—You______.I’mnotaskingyouforit.
A.mustn’tB.maynotC.can’tD.needn’t
17.—I’lltellMaryabouthernewjobtomorrow.—You______herlastweek.
A.oughttotellB.wouldhavetoldC.musttellD.shouldhavetold
18.Lastyearhestarredinthefilm___________ofBillCornshaw’sbest-sellingnovel.
A.adaptaionB.adoptionC.promotionD.profession
19.Thereismorethan____________rainthisyear,sosomepartsofthecountryhavebeenflooded.
A.extraB.plentyC.adequateD.little
20.Schoolinthenorthtendtobebetterequipped,__________thoseinthesoutharerelativelypoor.
A.becauseB.asC.whenD.while
21.What____________herapartfromtheothercandidatesforthejobwasthatshehadalotoforiginalideas.
A.pulledB.setC.toldD.took
22.Withtheaidofthemostadvancedequipment,newfactsabouttheancientpyramidsinEgypthaverecently________
A.broughttolightB.seenthelightC.thrownlightD.cometolight
23.—She’salotolderthanyou,is’tyou?—Fifteenyears,tobe____________
A.frankB.preciseC.honestD.fair
24.Theybelievedthatthesemodernpaintings____inshanghaiArtGallerywereasvaluableastheseinthemuseum
A.collectB.collectingC.beingcollectedD.collected
25.Atthattimewehadtomakeaassumption__________thediseasewasnbspreadingandtakeactiontostopit.
A.thatB.whetherC.whatD.which
26.—Wouldyoumindgoingto____________thekidsfromschool?—No,_______________
A.fetch;goaheadB.fetch;notintheleastC.take;notatallD.carry;ofcoursenot
27.—-Haveyouhadmanyvisitorsyet?—-No,__________,youarethefirst.
A.bythewayB.asamatteroffactC.asawholeD.inotherwords
28.—-Whydidn’tyouhelpthelittleboy?—Oh,sorry.Hestruggledtohisfeet_________Iranover.
A.untilB.afterC.beforeD.since
29.Alotofthechildrenattheschooldonotliveinthetown,butcomeinfromthe_________countryside.
A.surroundedB.surroundingC.surroundingsD.surround
30.Itwasnotuntildark__________hefound___________hethoughtwasthecorrectwaytosolvetheproblem.
A.that;whatB.that;thatC.when;whatD.when;that
31.Itwasbecomingincreasingly____________thathecouldnolongerlookafterhimself.
A.disgustingB.changeableC.transparentD.apparent
32.Weneed’tgetreadyyet;theguests___________comeforanotherhour.
A.mustn’tB.shan’tC.shouldn’tD.needn’t
二、用动词的适当形式填空
1.Thisisthebestway(lead)tosuccess.
2.It’sattheschool(name)aftertheherothatheisstudying.
3.(compare)tothatbook,thisoneisofgreatvalue.
4.Somewastemustbethrownintothesea,(depend)onthenatureofthewaste.
5.Theonly(remain)questioniswhetherornotwecancollectenoughmoneyforwildlife.
6.Theboyisan(advance)child.
7.Ourplanewill(fly)overtheoceanatthistimetomorrow.
8.Selectingamobilephoneforpersonaluseisnotaeasytaskbecausetechnology______(change)sorapidly.
三、句型转换:完成B句,使其与A句意思相同或相近。(每空一词)
1.A.Becausethereisnotenoughmoney,theycan’trebuildtheschool.
B.There______notenoughmoney,theycan’trebuildtheschool.
2.A.Thehousewhichbelongstohimhasbeenhandeddownforseveralgenerations.
B.Thehouse______tohimhasbeenhandeddownforseveralgenerations.
3.A.Thedancesseemedtoexcitethesurroundingbees.
B.Thesurroundingbeesare______atthedances.
4.A.Afterthisproblemwassettled,anothercameup.
B.Afterthisproblemwassettled,another______.
5.A.Manyvaluablepaintingswerediscoveredinthedesertedhouse.
B.Manypaintings__________________cametolightinthedesertedhouse.
6.A.Followingthedirector,theactorscameinonebyone.
B.Followingthedirector,theactorscamein__________________.
7.A.Everyonewantstogoalongastraightanddirectcourseforsuccess.
B.Everyonewantsto________________________success.
8.A.Ifyoudon’tgotoseeourformerEnglishteacher,Iwon’t,either.
B.Ifyoudon’tgotoseeourformerEnglishteacher,____________I.
9.A.Hemarkedallthebeesthatcametothefeedingplaceblue.
B.Allthebeesthatcametothefeedingplace__________________.
10.A.Afterthemeeting,theysetouttosolvetheproblem.
B.Afterthemeeting,they__________________theproblem.
四、单句改错:下列句子均有一处错误(或多一词;或缺一词;或错一词),请找出并加以改正。
1.Everytimewhenthebabylistenstomusic,healwaysbeginsdancing.
2.Asisreportedthatthestormisontheway.
3.Anaccidentwashappenedtohimwhenhewasonthewaytothecinema.
4.ItwasduringthecivilwarwhenMarkTwain’slifeasawriterbegan.
5.Ihaveofferedascholarshipattheuniversityformyfurthereducation.
6.Theplanthatyouputforwardtoatthemeetingisgreatvalue.
7.Yoursecond-handcarissimilarwithhisnewone.
8.LiuXiangsetabouttobreakthewordrecordatthattime.
9.Hebuiltatransparentwallthroughthathecouldobservewhatwasgoingon.
10.Nowateacherisoftencomparedwithacandle.
参考答案
单项填空
1-5CABDC6-10DBBCC11-15CABAC16-20DDACD21-25BDBDA26-32BBCBADC
用动词的适当形式填空
1.leading
2.named
3.Compared
4.depending
5.remaining
6.advanced
7.beflying
8.ischanging
句型转换
完成B句,使其与A句意思相同或相近。(每空一词)
1.being
2.belonging
3.excited
4appeared
5.ofgreatvalue
6.oneafteranother
7.makeabeelinefor
8.neitherwillI
9weremarkedblue
10.setaboutsolving
单句改错
下列句子均有一处错误(或多一词;或缺一词;或错一词),请找出并加以改正。
1.everytime为名词短语,在句中起连词作用。答案:去掉when或when改为that
2.Itisreportedthat句型中it为形式主语,真正的主语是that引导的从句。答案:As改为It
3.happen意思是“发生”,无被动形式。答案:去掉was
4.此处为强调句型。答案:when改为that
5句意为:“我被授予大学奖学金以便继续深造”。答案:have后加been
6beofgreatvalue意思是“具有极大的价值”。答案:is后加of
7.besimilarto为固定短语,意思是“和……相似”。答案:with改为to
8setouttodo...=setaboutdoing...。答案:about改为out
9.在定语从句中介词后不能跟that引导的定语从句。答案:that改为which
10compareAwithB意思是“A与B相比”。compareAtoB意思是“把A比作B”。
with改为to

Unit14Zoology


每个老师不可缺少的课件是教案课件,大家在仔细设想教案课件了。教案课件工作计划写好了之后,这样我们接下来的工作才会更加好!你们会写一段适合教案课件的范文吗?下面是小编帮大家编辑的《Unit14Zoology》,仅供参考,大家一起来看看吧。

Unit14Zoology
Teachingaims:
1.Goals:
Talkaboutanimalandanimalbehavior
Practisedebating
Integrativelanguagepractice
Writeanargumentativeessay
2.Specialfocus:
ImprovereadingskillsandEnlargevocabulary.
a.DirectSstoreadthe3passagesonthetextbook;
b.GuideSstolearntousethefollowingwordsandexpressions:adequate,apparent,assume,clarify,dots,obtain,tell…apart,transparent,getholdof,surrounding,assumption,cometolight,precise,session,primitive,etc.
c.Improvetheabilitiesofusinglanguagebyintegrativelanguagepractice.
Period1Reading
TheLanguageofHoney-Bees(P120-122)
Step1.Warmingup
Task1.Enablethestudentstodiscussthequestionsonp120.
Step2.Scanning
Task2.Getthestudentstocomprehendthepassagequicklyandaccurately,andmeanwhilehelpthemtoformagoodhabitofreading.Trytofindoutthemainclueofthestory.
Step3.While-reading:
TrueorFalse:
()1.VonFrischandhisco-workerscountedhoemanytimesthebeesrepeatedthewaggingdanceduringonehour.
()2.Theydiscoveredthatthefartherawaythefeedingstationwas,thefasterthedancewas.
()3.Thenumberofwaggingdancesperminutetoldthedirectiontothefeedingplace.
()4.ThenProfessorVonFrischdidhisthirdexperiment,whichwastodiscoverwhetherthewaggingdanceshoweddirection.
()5.Hefoundthatthestraightpartofthedancewasthesameinthemorningfromwhatithadbeenintheafternoon.
()6.Ifthefeedingplacewastowardthesun,thedanceheadedstraightonwardduringthestraightpartofthewaggingdance.
()7.TheexperimentofProfessorKarlVonFrischtellsusthatbeescananddocommunicatewitheachotherbytheirdances,whichmaybecalledakindof“language”.
SuggestedAnswers:FFFTFFT
Step4.Post-reading
FinishalltheEx.Onp122
Step5.FurtherReading
Task3:Readthepassageonceagainandtrytodividethetextintosomebigparts.Andmakeasummaryofeachpart:
Part1:(Para1)Somebasicknowledgeaboutbees.
Part2:(Paras2-8)ProfessorVonFrisch’sexperiment.
Part3:(thelastPara)ThelatelifeofProfessorVonFrisch.
Step6.Homework
FinishalltheexercisesonLanguagePracticeonp123-124.

Period2.IntegratingReadingSkills
Primates(P124-125)
Step1.Revision
1.ChecktheSshowfurthertheyunderstandthetext.
2.Checkthehomework.
ReviewtheModelVerbs
Step2.Scanthepassageandcompletethechartbelow:
TypesCharacteristicsandexamples
Primate1.handsandfeetcangraspandoftenhaveopposablethumbsandtoes;
2.haveabettersenseoftouchandtheprimatebrainislarger.
Otheranimals1.notgoodatholding,moving,andusingobjects;
2.haveaweaksenseoftouchandsmallbrain.
HigherprimatesLargesizeofbrain,suchashumanbeingsandapes.
LowerprimatesSmallsizeofbrain.
MonkeysHavetails,smallandwalklessupright.
Apesnottail,largerandwalkmoreupright,usesightmorethansmell,developedbrain.
NowworldprimatesBiggerandspendmoretimeontheground,suchasmonkeys,apesandhumans

Step3.Carefulreading:
Askthestudentstoreadthepassagecarefullyandanswerquestions2onPage126.
Period3.IntegratingReadingandWritingSkills
2Passagesonp252-254

Step1.Warmming-up

Dotheoralpraticeonp119-120,andenablethestudentstopractisedebating.
Step2.Reading
Task1:Readthe2passagesandfinishtheexercises.Ifpossible,guidethestudentstoanalyzesomelongandcomplexsentences.
Step3.GuidedWriting
GiveSs20minutestofinishthewritingassignmentonp117,
ThenaskSstoscoretheirworkaccordingtothefollowingchart.
3pluses1wish
Name_______Title_____________________Date_______________
+_________________________________________________________
+_________________________________________________________
+_________________________________________________________
?_________________________________________________________

Note:Howtousethischarteffectively?
Askthestudenttoreadhis/herdeskmate’swritingcarefully,andthenfind3valuablethings(structure,passagearrangement,sentence,diction,etc)andgive1suggestion.Andthenfeedthemessageback.Next,asktheSstocorrecttheirworkaccordingtothechart.

Period4:
Step1.Analyzesomelongsentences:
Dealwithsomelanguagepointsanddifficultpointsifnecessary.Ifpossible,guidethestudentstoanalyzesomelongandcomplexsentences.Thefollowingsentencesinthisunitareveryimportant:
Amongthedifferentkindsofbees,itisthehoney-beethathasinterestedscientistsmostbecauseofthe“language”theyusetocommunicatewitheachother.
Inordertotellthebeesapart,hepaintedsomebeeswithlittledotsofcolour.
Forhislifetime’sworkinstudyingthecommunicationofanimals,includinghoney-bees,ProfessorKarlvonFrischwasawardedaNobelPrizein1973,whichhesharedwithtwootherscientists.
Theytroopedbehindthefirstdancer,copyingitsmovement.
Afterdesigningmoreexperiments,theywereabletoclarifytheprocedurebywhichbeescommunicateinformationthattheyusetofindandfetchfood.
Likeallotherlivingcreatures,humanbeingsbelongtoagroupofotheranimalsthatsharecertaincharacteristics.
Step2:TestingyourskillsonP250-251
Step3:ClozeTestonp255-256
Step4:TranslatingonP256

高三英语Zoology


一位优秀的教师不打无准备之仗,会提前做好准备,高中教师要准备好教案,这是高中教师需要精心准备的。教案可以让学生更容易听懂所讲的内容,有效的提高课堂的教学效率。那么怎么才能写出优秀的高中教案呢?下面是小编精心为您整理的“高三英语Zoology”,欢迎阅读,希望您能阅读并收藏。

Unit14Zoology

整体感知

单元要点

Wordstudy

1.bee2.transparent3.dot

4.surrounding5.troop6.assumption7.beyond8.semicicle9.apparent10.sideways11.astonishing

12.maximum13.precise14.adequate15.clarify16.upward17.disgusting

18.psychology19.changeable20.adaptation21.stripe

22.zebra23.camel

24.primitive

25.missile26.walnut

27.session

1.蜜蜂2.透明的

3.小圆点4.周围附近的5.群,(pl)部队6.假设

7.远于,超出8.半圆形

9.明显的10.斜着

11.惊人的12.最大13.精确

14.足够的15.澄清16.向上的17.讨厌的18.心理学

19.易变20.适应21.条纹

22.斑马23.骆驼24.原始的

25.导弹26.胡桃

27.一段时间,学年

Useful

expressions

1.getholdof

2.tell…apart

3.overandoveragain

4.cometolight

5.asamatterof

1.抓住

2.分辨,区别

3.一再,反复

4.显露,为人所知

5.事实上,说真的

Sentence

Patterns

Communicative

English

Debating(辩论)

1.Openingstatement

lBackgroundinformation

lTopic

lOpinion:Wethinkthat…because…and…

2.Firstargument

lExplainandsupportthefirstreason

3.Sencondargument

lExplainandsupportthesecondreason

4.Questions

lAsktheotherteamquestions

5.Closingstatement

lSummarizeyourargument

lRestateyouropinion

Grammer

复习情态动词表推测的用法:(mustcancouldmaymight)

1.Whenyouareverysureofsomething,youusemustinpositivesentencesandcannotorcouldn’tinnegativesentences.

2.Whenyouarequitesureaboutsomething,youusecan.

3.Whenyouthinkthatsomethingispossible,butyouarenotverysure,youusecould,mayormight.

Topics

Writing

1.Talkaboutpreparefortests:

①.Planahead②.Keeptrack

③.Besmart④.Useyourbrainpower

2.Writingashortessayinwhichyoustateandsupportyouropinion.

背景知识

DoAnimalsCommunicate?
Whenwethinkofcommunication,wenormallythinkofusingwords-talkingface-to-face,writingmessagesandsoon.Butinfactwecommunicatefarmoreinotherways.Oureyesandfacialexpressionsusuallytellthetruthevenwhenourwordsdonot.Thentherearegestures,oftenunconscious:raisingtheeyebrows,rubbingthenose,shruggingtheshoulders,tappingthefingers,noddingandshakingthehead.Thereisalsotheevenmoresubtle"body-language"language“ofposture:areyousitting-orstanding-witharmsorlegscrossed?Isthatpersonstandingwithhandsinpockets,heldinfrontofthebodyorhiddenbehind?Eventhewaywedressandthecolureswewearcommunicatethingstoothers.So,doanimalscommunicate?Notinwords,althoughaparrotmightbetrainedtorepeatwordsandphraseswhichitdoesn’tunderstand.But,aswehavelearnt,thereismoretocommunicationthanwords.Takedogsforexample.Theybaretheirteethtowarn,wagtheirtailstowelcomeandstandfirm,withhairerect,tochallenge.Thesesignalsaresurelytheequivalentofthehumanbodylanguageoffacialexpression,gestureandposture.
Colourcanbeanimportantmeansofcommunicationforanimals.Manybirdsandfishchangecolour,forexample,toattractpartnersduringthematingseason.Andmatingitselfiscommonlyprecededbyaspecialdanceinwhichbothpartnersparticipate.

细说教材

Warmingup

Asmallanimalthathelpsthepolicegetholdofthieves.

一种能帮助警察捉贼的动物。

getholdof…=take/catchholdof…意思是“抓住…”;“获得…”

e.g.Hetookholdoftheropeandpulled.

他抓住绳子用力拉。

Igotholdofthesackandliftedit.

我抓住包,把它举了起来。

Ineedtogetholdofsomemoneyquickly.

hold还用作动词,意为“握住”“拥有”“容纳”“使…保持…”“持…观点”等

e.g.Shewasholdingabook.她手里拿着一本书。

Theyheldtheirheadsup.他们头抬得高高的。

Sheholdsthatthegovernment’spolicyismistaken.

她认为政府的政策错了。

其常见短语搭配有:

holdaconversation/meeting进行交谈/开会

holdtheline=holdon别挂电话

hold…back阻止…

holdone’sbreath屏住呼吸

hold…off使…与…保持距离

hold…over使…延期

Ananimalthatisn’ttellingthetruth.

一种会撒谎的动物。

tellthetruth“说实话”的意思,tell的相关类似短语有:

tella/thelie=telllies撒谎

tellastory讲故事

ListeningYouaregoingtohearaninterviewwithawomanwhoworksinazoo.

你将听到对一位在动物园工作的妇女的采访报道。interview在这里是名词“采访”的意思,还有“面试”之意。

e.g.Thefilmstaragreedtogiveaninterviewafterthewedding.

这位影星同意在婚礼后接受采访。

She’sgotaninterviewforanewjob.

她参加了新工作的面试。

interview还有动词用法,是“采访”的意思,

要区别与cover的用法。interview可以用interviewsb.或interviewsth.

但cover不能用coversb.只能说coversth.

e.g.Areporterinterviewedtheprimeminister.

一位记者采访了首相。

She’sbeinginterviewedforthejob.

她正在接受求职面试。

Theysentagreatmanyreporterstocovertheconference.

cover除了“采访”的意思外还有“用……遮盖;覆盖”“占有…(面积);掩饰”

“涉及…(内容)”等含义。请学习下面例句中cover一词的各种用法

e.g.Sincewatercoversmostoftheearth,Corsteauknewweshouldkeeptheseasclean.
由于水覆盖了地球的大部分,库斯托知道我们应该保持海洋清洁。

Hetriedtocover(up)hismistake.

他想掩盖他的错误。

Hesaidhecouldcoverthedistanceonfootintwohours.

他说这段路程两个小时能走完

Howmanypageshaveyoucovered?你读了多少页了?

Whatarethemainpointsyou’regoingtocoverinyourtalk?

你的报告主要涉及哪些内容。

Wehaveonlyjustcoveredourexpenses.

我们所收入的仅够开支而已。

cover作名词,作“盖子”、“封面”解。

e.g.Whenthewaterboils,takethecover.

当水开的时候,把盖子揭开.

Thebookneedsanewcover.

这书需要装个新封面.What’stheproblemwiththeanimalsatthezoo?

动物园里的动物有什么问题?

What’stheproblemwith…

=What’sthetroublewith…

=What’sthematterwith…

=Whatsyourproblem?

=Whatswrongwithyou?

都用来询问“…(你)怎么回事?”

SpeakingThetwoteamstaketurnsspeaking.

两只队伍轮流发言。

taketurnsdoingsth.“轮流干…”,turn是名词。

为便于学习,现就turn的用法归纳如下:
I.turn(n.)顺序,轮流
1.Itsonesturntodosth.轮到某人做某事
Itsyourturntomakeadecision.

该你来做出决定了。

2.takeonesturntodosth.=dosth.inturn=dosth.byturns轮流做某事
Thenursesattendedthepatientinturn/byturns.

=Thenursestookturnstoattendthepatient.

护士们轮流照顾病人。
II.turn(vi.)转动,转向,翻转
turnright/left=turntotheright/left
turntosth./sb.(forhelp)
turntopage84
III.turn(link-v.)变得……
turngreen/yellow变绿/黄了
Tenyearslater,heturnedteacher.
A./B.aC.anD.the
注:此题考查turn作连系动词的特殊用法,即turn作连系动词时后接表语名词,省略冠词.所以此题的答案为A.如果turn后加into则须在名词前加冠词a.
IV.固定词组:
1.turnagainst背叛
Nobodywillturnagainsthiscountry.
2.turndown关小/拒绝
Heturneddownmysuggestionwithouthesitation.
Pleaseturndownthegas.
3.turnfromsidetoside把身体转来转去
Thenaughtyboyturnedfromsidetosidewhileansweringquestionsinclass.
4.turnin上交
Thechildpickedupapurseonthewayandturneditintothepoliceman.
5.turn...into...(使……)成为……
Thefarmersareturningwastelandintoricefields.
6.turnoff关(水源、煤气、电灯等)/避开(问题等)
Turnoffthelightwhenyouleavetheroom.
7.turnon打开(水、煤气、电灯、无线电等)/对……发怒
turnontheradio
turnthegunonsb.
8.turnout结果是/证明是/生产出
Theweatheryesterdayturnedout(tobe)fine.
Thefactoryturnedoutmoreproductsthantheyhadexpected.
9.turnover(使)打翻/翻身/翻动/翻耕(土地)/转危为安
Themanturnedoverandwenttosleepagainwhenthetelephonerang.
10.turnup开大/出现/找到/证明是(=turnouttobe)
Themeetingisbeginning,buthehasnotturnedup.Hemighthavebeenlost.

Whenalltheteamsareready,theteacherwillstartandtimethedebate.

当所有队伍都准备好以后,老师就开始为辩论计时.

time 是动词,"计时"的意思,还有“安排好时间,使合拍子;安排……的速度"

e.g.Howlongcanyouholdyourbreathunderwater?TakeadeepbreathandI’lltimeyou.
你在水下能潜多久呢?深呼吸一下,我给你计时。

Hetimedhisjourneysothathecouldarriveatthehotelbeforedark.
他安排好了他的旅程,以便能在天黑以前到达旅馆。

Hetriedtotimehisstepstothemusic.

他尽力与音乐合节拍。

Reading Amongthedifferenttypesofbee,itisthehoneybeethathasmostinterestedscientistsbecauseofthe“language”theyusetocommunicatewitheachother.在不同种类的蜂中,最使科学家感兴趣的是蜜蜂,因为蜜蜂能用“语言”,来相互交际。

…itisthehoneybeethathasmostinterestedscientists…是一个由it引导的强调句,被强调的部分是thehoneybee。如果不加以强调,则全句是:

…thehoneybeehasmostinterestedscientists…

Thedevelopmentofthe modernbeehivein1851madeitpossibletodesignexperimentstoresearchthelanguageofhoneybees.1851年新式蜂箱的研制,使设计实验研究蜜蜂的语言成为可能。

本句是一个简单句:Thedevelopment…madeitpossibletodesignexperiments…其中的it是形式宾语,它所代替的真正宾语是后面的不定式短语todesignexperiments。it作形式宾语的句型是:

主语+及物动词+it+宾语补足语+不定式

e.g.IfounditimportanttolearnspokenEnglish.

我发现学习英语口语很重要。

Ithinkithardtomasteraforeignlanguage.

我认为掌握一门外语是很难的。

Shefeelsitherdutytosupportherfamily.

她感到养家糊口是她的责任。

Thestormmadeitimpossibleforthemtomarchtothecity.

暴风雨使他们不可能向城市进军。

ProfessorKarlvonFrisch,ascientistfromAustria,spentmanyyearsofhisliferesearchingtheamazingwayshoney-beescommunicateintheirdarkhives.

奥地利科学家卡尔·冯·弗里希教授,一生中花去了许多岁月,研究蜜蜂在黑暗的蜂箱里是以怎样巧妙的方式传递信息的。

amaze vt.使惊愕;使大为惊讶:

e.g.Heamazedeveryonebypassinghisdrivingtest.

令人惊讶的是他竟通过了驾驶考试。

amazing“令人惊异的”;在西方人的口中,表示惊讶,经常可以听到amazing这个词。如果有些事情发生得出乎意料,难以置信,也可以用amazing来形容。

e.g.You’reamazing.你真了不起。

Itwasamazingthattheboywasabletosolvetheproblemsoquickly.
那男孩能这样快地解完这道题,真是令人惊奇。

有些漂亮或另类的东西,总能吸引许多眼球,就可以说是amazingthings.

e.g.Iamalwayslookingfornewandamazingitems.
 我总是在寻找让我眼前一亮的新东西。

amazed使(某人)感到惊奇,常用beamazedat/by感到惊奇。

e.g.Hewasamazedatallthecolours,andallthebeautifulfish.
 他对五颜绿色和各种美丽的鱼感到惊奇。
WeareamazedatthechangesinBeijing.Ican’tevenfindwheremyoldhouseis.
 北京的变化使我们感到惊奇。我几乎找不到旧房子了。

"...honey-beescommunicateintheirdarkhives."是定语从句,其先行词

是"ways","way"后省略了引导词“that”,也可用“inwhich”,也可以省略引导词.

e.g.SomeEnglishwordsarenotspeltthewaysthattheysound.

=SomeEnglishwordsarenotspeltthewaysinwhichtheysound.

=SomeEnglishwordsarenotspeltthewaystheysound.

一些英语单词不是像他们发音那样去拼写.Hebuiltatransparentwall,throughwhichhecouldobservewhatwentoninside.

他安装了透明的箱体,透过它,可以直接观察箱内发生的事情.

“throughwhichhecouldobservewhatwentoninside”是定语从句,来修饰先行词,引导词是介词through加which构成.

在定语从句用法中介词+关系词是一个重点,介词后面的关系词不能省略,但是介词的后面不用that.

e.g.ThisisthehouseinwhichIlivedtwoyearsago.

某些在从句中充当时间,地点或原因状语的"介词+关系词"结构可以同关系副词when和where互换。

e.g.Doyourememberthedayonwhichyoujoinedourclub?
=Doyourememberthedaywhenyoujoinedourclub?

注意:一些含有介词的动词短语中,其介词不能前置到引导词前.

 e.g.Thechildrenwhomthenurseslookafterareweryhealthy.Inordertotellthebeesapart,hepaintedsomebeeswithlittledotsofcolour.

为了把蜜蜂区分开,他在一些蜜蜂身上涂上色斑.

tellapart辨别;识别

=distinguish…between…

=tell…from…;

=tellthedifferencebetween…and…

e.g.Somepeoplecanttellbluefromgreen.

在些人分辨不出蓝色与绿色。

Mostnewcarslooksosimilarthatitsimpossibletotellthemapart.

许多新汽车看上去象是一样的,不大可能把它们区别开来。

IconfusedJimwithMikebecauseIcanttellthemapart.

我把吉姆和麦克混淆了,因为我分不清他们。

Thetwobrothersaresomuchalikethattheirmothercanhardlytellthemapart.

这兄弟俩长得太相象了,连他们的母亲都难以辨别。Theytroopedbehindthefirstdancer,copyingitsmovement.

它们成群结队地跟在第一只跳舞的蜜蜂后面,模仿它的动作。

课文中troop作动词用,意思是"结队而行"、"成群涌向"

(comeorgotogetherinagroup)。用在句中时,句子的主语总是复数。
 e.g.Thechildrentroopedintothepark.

孩子们列队走进公园。
 Thegamewasoverandtheplayerstroopedhome.

比赛结束了,运动员整队回家。

Troop还有名词用法,作"一队"、"一群"解。
 e.g.atroopofvisitors(一群参观者)。
 它的复数形式(troops)作"军队"解。
 e.g.Wemusthaveourowntroops.

我们必须有自己的军队。

copy原作"抄写"、"复写"解。
 e.g.Heisbusycopyinghiscomposition.

他正忙着抄写他的作文。
 本句中的copy引伸作"模仿"、"仿效"解。
 e.g.Pleasecopymyactions.(=PleaseactasIdo.)

请照我这样做。
 "Goodmorning,"shesaid,copyinghermothersvoice.

"早上好",她模仿着妈妈的声音说。

Youshouldcopyhisstrongpoints,nothisweakpoints.

你应当学他的长处,而不是他的短处。VonFrischassumedthatthedanceconveyedmoreinformation.
冯·弗里希想弄清这种舞蹈能不能说明喂食处有多远.

assume的用法
assumevt.表示“假设,主观认为,假定;装出…样子;开始担任,承担…

e.g.Weassumedthatyouunderstoodthesituation.

我们认为,你了解形势。

Heassumedawell-informedmannerbutinfactheknowsverylittle.

他装出一副见多识广的样子,而实际上他知之甚少。
assumesomethingtobe猜想某事如何

assumeignorance/aninjuredair

假装不知道,装出冤屈的样子

assume和given,suppose,supposing等词一样都可以引导状语.作用相当于if.

e.g.Supposingyourfathersawyouknow,whatwouldyousay?
=ifyourfathersaw……

Assumingthattheweatherisfavourable,Farmerswillhaveabumperharvest.
假如风调雨顺,今年农民将获丰收。

assumed假装的,假的;假定的,设想的:

e.g.anassumedcheerfulness伪装的高兴,

anassumedresult假定的结果,

Hislookofastonishmentwasassumed.他那惊讶的样子是装出来的。
assuming自负的,傲慢的,过分自信的:

e.g.Heistooassuminginthisattitudeabouttheenergysupply.

他在对待能源问题的态度上实在显得过于自信。
assumption假定,异端;自负,傲慢;假装

e.g.Wearegoingontheassumptionthattheworkwillbefinishedtomorrow.
我们在根据明天可以完工这一假定办事。

Iwasundertheassumptionthatyouwerecomingtomorrow.
我原以为你明天来。

assumptive被视为理所当然的,自负的,傲慢的:

e.g.assumptivebeliefs被视为理所当然的种种信仰,

assumptivepeople自命不凡的人

Onewasclosetothehive.Theotherwasmuchfartheraway,beyondsometrees.
一个靠近蜂箱,另一个远离蜂箱,几棵大树之外.

beyond一词是高中英语的必备词汇,其用法和含义较为复杂,很容易产生理解上的障碍,造成翻译上的失误。本文拟对beyond的一些用法浅析如下:

一、beyond作介词用时,使用最广,常用于下列几种情况:

1.表示位置,意思是“在……的那一边;在……之外;在更远处”。例如:

e.g.Beyondtheriverstoodapowerstation.

过了这条河就是一个发电站。

2.表示时间,其意为“迟于;超过”。例如:

e.g.Someshopskeepopenbeyondmidnight?有些商店营业到半夜以后。

3.表范围、水平、限度、能力等,意思是“超出;多于;为……所不能及”在句中常作

①作表语

e.g.Yourworkisbeyondallpraise.

你的作品叫人赞扬不尽。

②作定语
e.g.Theseweremattersbeyondhisunderstandingasyet.

这些事情他那时候还不了解。

③作状语

e.g.Wesucceededbeyondourhopes.

我们获得如此之成功,是我们始料所不及的。

4.用在否定和疑问句中,意思是“除……之外”。

e.g.Iknownothingbeyondwhathetoldme.

除了他告诉我的以外,别的我都不知道。

Isthereanythingmoreyoucansaybeyondthat?

除了那点之外,你还能说些什么吗?

5.beyond有时还可表示年龄或数量,意思是“超过”。

e.g.Hedidntbelieveinpeoplelivingbeyond100.

他不相信人能活到100岁以上。

二、beyond也常作副词用,主要有下面两种用法:

1.指时空或正在进行中的活动,意思是“在远处;向远处;更远处”。

e.g.Ifwecrossthemountainswemayfindpeoplelivinginthevalleybeyond.

如果我们翻过这些大山,我们就可以发现在远处山谷中生活的人们。

Illgowithyoutothebridge,butnotastepbeyond.

我愿意同你一道走到桥头,但再远的地方一步也不愿意去。

2.表示外加,意思是“此外;以外”。例如:

e.g.Hetoldmenothingbeyond.

此外他没告诉我什么。Hemarkedallthebeesthatcametothenearbyfeedingplaceblue,andallthebeesthatwenttothefarawayplaceweremarkedred.

他给所有来到近的喂食处的蜜蜂标上蓝色,给飞到远的喂食处的蜜蜂标上红色。

faraway(远方的)是由far+away构成的合成形容词。nearby(附近的)是由near+by构成的合成形容词。它们在句中都作定语。

afarawayforest(远处的森林),farawaytimes(遥远的时代);

anearbyhotel(附近的一家旅店),nearbyhills(附近的小山)。
注意:faraway在作定语时通常都连写,作表语或作状语时则分写(faraway)。如:
e.g.Thehouseisnotfaraway.那座房子并不远。
Helivesfarawayfromtheschool.他住得离学校很远。
nearby既可作定语,又可作状语;既可以连写(nearby),也可以分写(nearby),还可以加连字符(near-by)。

e.g.Isawhergoingtoanear-bypost-boxbeforelunch.
我看到她午饭前去附近的信箱投信。

Theylivenearby----lessthanakilometer.

他们住在附近,不到一公里。
Hegaveuphisseattotheoldmanstandingnearby.

他把座位让给站在附近的老人了。

Theydiscoveredthatthefartherawaythefeedingstationwas,theslowerthedancewas.他们发现,喂食处越远,舞蹈动作的速度就越慢。

"the+比较级……,the+比较级……"的意思是:"越……,就越……"

这种结构用来表示两从此过程按比例同时递增。前一句为从句,后一句为主句。
这种结构常以省略形式出现,句式精炼简短,表意有力。例如:

e.g.Thesooner,thebetter.越快越好。 

Themore,thebetter.越多越好。

Themore,themerrier.人越多,越好玩。

Themorehegiveshischildren,themoretheywant.

给孩子越多,他们要的越多.

Thehigherwestand,thefartherwesee.

站的越高,看的越远

Themoreheexplains,themoreIampuzzled.

他越解释,我越迷惑.

Soanotherastonishingfactcametolight.于是又发现一个令人惊讶的情况。 

cometolight作"发现"、"暴露"(tobediscovered/exposed)解。
e.g.NewfactsabouttheancientEgypthaverecentlycometolight.
有关古埃及的史实,最近已有新发现。

Shewasverypleasedwhenthelong-lostringcametolight.

当很久前丢失的戒指被找到时,她高兴万分.

Thesecretdidn’tcometolightuntiltheoldmandied.

直到老人死后,秘密才被揭露.Integratingskills

Apesusesightmorethansmell.猿不仅用嗅觉,而且使用视觉.

morethan用法小结1.morethan后面跟名词,意为“不只是,不仅仅是”。

e.g.Hibernationismorethansleep.

冬眠不只是睡觉。

Katewasmorethanateacher.Shealsodidwhatshecouldtotakecareofherpupils.

凯特不仅仅是位教师,她还尽其所能照顾她的学生。

2.morethan与数词连用,意思是“多于,大于,超过”。

e.g.Ihaveknownhimformorethantwentyyears.

我认识他已超过二十年了。

Morethantenpolicementurnedupatthespotwheretheaccidenthappened.

十多位警察出现在出事地点。

3.morethan与形容词和分词连用,表示“非常、十分”。

e.g.Theyweremorethanhappytoseeuscomebackfromtheexpedition.

看到我们远征而归,他们异常高兴。

Iwasmorethansurprisedtoseethelionstandingatthebody.

看到那头狮子站在尸体旁边,我非常惊讶。

4.morethan与动词连用,对动词起着加强语气的作用。

e.g.Repeatedadvertisingwillmorethanincreaseproductsales.

多次做广告意味着增加产品的销售。

HisprogressinEnglishlearningmorethanencouragedhimtolearnthesubjectwell.在英语学习方面的进步激励他学好这门课程。

5.morethan和含有情态动词的句子连用,有否定意义,表示“是……难以……”或“超过了……所能”之义。

e.g.ThebeautyofthemountainouscountryismorethanIcandescribe.

我难以描述那个山村的美丽。

ThisproblemismorethanachildlikeJackcansettle.

这一问题超出了像杰克这样的小孩的解决能力。

6.nomorethan意思是“仅仅,不过,只是”。

e.g.Allhiseducationaddeduptonomorethanoneyear.

他接受的所有的学校教育只有一年。

Theirnewflathasnomorethan60squaremetres.

他们的新居只有60平方米。

7.notmorethan表示“至多,不超过”

e.g.Lyingonthegroundwasapeasantboyofnotmorethanseventeen.

躺在地上的那个农家男孩最多十七岁。Whiletheirsocietiesaredifferent,theyallcommunicateandbehaveinadvancedways.

虽然它们生活的社会环境不同,它们却都以高级方式交流.

while连词,意为"尽管;虽然";其用法大致有以下四种用法:
1.引导时间状语从句,意为"当……的时候;和……同时",此时的主从句谓语动作同时发生,从句谓语通常是延续性动词。

e.g.MarywatchedTVwhilesheatehersupper.

玛丽边吃饭边看电视。
Whileshewaslisteningtotheradio,shefellasleep.

她听着收音机睡着了。

while引导从句时,如主从句的主语一致,且从句谓语又含有be,则从句主语和be可省略。while后可直接跟现在分词、名词、形容词或介词短语。

e.g.Weareteacherswhile(weare)servingasstudents.

我们边当老师边当学生。
While(hewas)yetayouth,hegainedmanyprizes.

他年轻时就曾多次获奖。
Hecaughtacoldwhile(hewas)onvacation.

他度假时患了感冒。

2.表示对比或转折,意为"而;然而"。此时,while一般位于句中。

e.g.Somepeoplewastefoodwhileothershaventenough.

有些人浪费粮食,然而有些人却吃不饱。
Youlikesports,whileIprefermusic.

你喜欢体育,而我更喜欢音乐。

3.表示让步,通常位于句首,意为"尽管;虽然"。

e.g.WhileIagreewithyourreasons,Icantallowit.

尽管我同意你的理由,但我不能允许这样做。
Whileheloveshisstudents,heisverystrictwiththem.

虽然他爱他的学生,可是他对学生们很严格。
While(hewas)respected,heisnotliked.

他虽受人尊敬,但并不被人喜欢。

4.表示条件,意为"只要",其意思和用法相当于aslongas。while可位于句首,也可位于句中。

e.g.Youdonthavetoworrywhilewearehere.

只要我们在,你就别着急。

Therewillbelifewhilethereiswaterandair.

只要有空气和水,就有生命。
Whilethereislife,thereishope.

留得生命在,不怕没希望。

5.意为"同时;也"。如:
e.g.Whilethebookiswelcomedbyscholars,itwillmakeanimmediate

appealtothegeneralreaders.

这本书受到学者的欢迎,同时也会引起一般读者的兴趣。

6.意为"趁着"。

e.g.Makehaywhilethesunshines.

晒草要趁阳光好。(谚)
Strikewhiletheironishot.

趁热打铁。(谚)
Whiletherosesareyetinbloom,willyoucomewithmetoseethem?

趁着玫瑰花还开着,你和我一道去看看好吗?Sometimestheywarneachotherofdanger,andtheyalsocommunicatesimplytokeepintouch.

于是它们互相提醒危险,它们交流仅仅是为了保持联系.

warnsb.ofsth.“警告某人某事”,不能说warnsbssth.。

e.g.Wewarnedhimofthedangerousbridge,buthedidntbelieve.

我们警告他那座桥危险,但是他不相信。

类似这样的结构用法的动词还有:

一.表示“通知(inform);警告(warn);指责(accuse);使想起(remind)”等意思的一些动词。
在这一结构中,of的意思相当于about。

e.g.OnthewayhomemyfathertoldmeofanaccidentthattookplaceonhisfirstdayatschoolinMr.Crossettsclass.

在回家的路上,父亲给我讲了他第一天上学时在克罗塞特先生课上的一件事。

Weshallinformyouofthedateofthedelegationsarrival.

我们将把代表团到达的日期通知你。
TheteacheraccusedJimofcheatingintheexamination.

老师责备吉姆考试作弊。
Herfaceremindedmeofhermother.

她的模样使我想起了她的母亲。
HowcanIpersuadehimofherinnocence?

我怎样使他相信她是清白无辜的?

二、表示“抢夺(rob);剥夺;解除(cure,heal);免除(rid)”等意思的动词。

e.g.Paralysisrobbedhimofhisabilitytodophysicallabor.

瘫痪使他丧失了劳动力。
Thedoctorusedspecialmedicinestocurehimofthemeasles.

医生使用特效药治愈了他的麻疹。
Themedicinehealedmeofmybadcold.

这药治愈了我的重感冒。
Itisnoteasytoridoneselfofabadhabit.

改掉一个人的坏习惯是不容易的。

Heclearedthepavementofwitheredleaves.

他清除了人行道上的落叶。

Theystrippedthewriterofhisrighttopublishhisbooks.

他们剥夺了这位作家出版作品的权利。
Sherusheduptorelievemeofmysuitcase.

她跑过来接过我手中的衣箱。
Ourarmydisarmedtheenemyofhisweapon.

我军缴械了敌人的武器。

类似的动词还有:abridge(剥夺),purge(洗清),disabuse(去掉),despoil(抢劫),divert(脱去),deprive(剥夺)等。
三、表示“骗取(fool)”、“诈骗(cheat)”等意思的一些动词。
在这一结构里,通常在of前加上out,outof表示“丧失”,但out可以省略不用。
e.g.Howcanyoufoolthelittlegirl(out)ofhermoney?

你怎么能诈骗那个小女孩的钱财呢?
Thebeggarcheatedthelittleboy(out)ofhiscandy.

那乞丐骗取了那个小男孩的糖。

simply的意思和用法

(1)simply是副词,在对话中意为“really(真正)”、“very(much)(非常)”。

e.g.Thefilmissimplywonderful.这影片真是太美妙了。

Shelookssimplylovely.她看起来的确可爱。

Hispronunciationissimplyterrible.他的发音简直差透了。

Theyhadsimplynoshame.他们简直不知羞耻。

(2)simply亦可解释为“朴素地”、“朴实地”、“无装饰地”。

e.g.Heissimplydressed.他衣着朴素。

(3)simply还可作“仅仅,只不过”解,相当于only。

e.g.Itissimplyaquestionoftime.这只不过是个时间问题。

Youmustbelievemesimplyonmyword.你必须完全照我的话相信我。

Itissimplyamatterofworkinghard.此事只是努力去做的问题。

(4)还可解释为“简单地”、“简明地”。

e.g.Thecakeismadequitesimply.这糕做起来很简单。

Theteacherexplainedthetextquitesimply.老师简单地解释了一下课文。

Whatmaybeofgreaterimportanceistoobservehowprimatesliveintheworld.

比较重要的事情是观察灵长目动物是怎样生活的.

这个句子涉及到“of+抽象名词”相当于该名词相应的形容词。不过,这种结构常用于较正式的场合,书面语中尤为常见。再看下面几个句子:

e.g.Thisbookwillbeofgreatvaluetohiminhisstudents.(=Beveryvaluable)

Thebookisofmuchinterest.(=Beveryinteresting)

常用于这一结构的修饰语还有:great,little,some,any,no,not,much等

常见的抽象名词有importance,value,use,help,benefit(利益、好处),significance(意义、重要性)。最后需要提及的是,“beof+名词”结构的否定形式一般采用否定名词的做法:

“beofno+名词”。

e.g.Heisofnocolour,forhehasbeenillfortwoweeks.

他毫无血色,因为他患疾两周了。

AsfarasthestudyofEnglishwasconcerned,whathesaidwasofnopoint.

就学习英语而言,他所讲的并未切中要害。

“beof+名词”还可以表达以下几种意义:

1、表示“具有,具备”

 e.g.Herstoryisofsomecoloursofthetruth.

她的故事有点真实感

 Thepartys12thcongressisofepochmakingsignificance.

党的十二大具有划时代的意义。

2、表示“属于”

 e.g.Theproductsareoffirst-ratequality.

这些产品的质量是属于第一流的。

3、表示“包含”、“包括”、“类别”等

e.g.TheAmericansareofalmostallcoluresandraces.

美国人几乎包括各种各样的肤色及种族。

Hiswholelifewasofbestglory.她的一生是非常光荣的。

4.这种结构还可表示“年龄”.“出身”“等级”等

Weareofthesameage.我们年龄相同。

Hewasofnoblebirthandhighrank.他出身于高贵门庭。Grammar

情态动词表推测

一、对目前的行动或状况的推测(情态动词+do)

(1)、在肯定句中,表示很有把握的推测时用must,而不太有把握时则用may,might或could,三者依次could的语气最弱。

 e.g.Youmustbeverytired.你一定很累。

 (=Iamsurethatyouareverytired.)(很有把握)

 Youmay/might/couldbeverytired.你可能很累吧!

 (=Perhaps/Maybeyouareverytired.)(不太有把握)

(2)、在否定句中,cant则表示“不可能”,语气最强,而相应地maynot,mightnot语气弱些,表示“可能不”。

e.g.Hecantbeathome.他不可能在家。(很有把握)

Hemaynot/mightnotbeathome.他可能不在家。(不太有把握)

(3)、疑问句中,通常用can表推测。

e.g. —Someoneisknockingatthedoor.

 —Whocanitbe?可能是谁呢?

Wherecanhebenow?他现在有可能在哪呢?

 二、对过去的动作或状况的推断常用“情态动词+havedone”。语气强弱与以上三点相同,可依次类推。但表示“过去不可能”时,除了可用canthavedone之外还可用couldnthavedone。

e.g.HemusthavegonetoWuhan.(肯定已经去了)

Hemay/might/couldhavegonetoWuhan.(可能已去了)

Hecannot/couldnothavegonetoWuhan.(不可能已去了)

CanhehavegonetoWuhan?(可能去了吗?)

can(could)/may(might)/must/will等+have+done用来对过去发生的情况做出语气强

弱不同的推测。具体使用时请注意以下几点:
 ①can一般用于疑问句和否定句,极少用于肯定句。
 e.g.---Canshehavegonetoschool?
---No,shecanthavegonetoschool.Isawherjustnow.
 ②may表推测,一般不用于疑问句;疑问句中该用can,could或might。
 e.g.Howcouldhehaveforgottensuchanimportantthing?(不用may)
 Mightyouhavemethimsomewhere?(不用may)
 ③could,may,might用于肯定句语气较弱,must用于肯定句语气很强;may,

might用于否定句语气较弱,can,could用于否定句语气很强。
e.g.Hecould/may/mighthavegonetoschool.他可能上学去了。
 Hemusthavegonetoschool.他肯定是上学去了。
 Hemay/mightnothavegonetoschool.他也许没去上学。
Hecant/couldnthavegonetoschool.他肯定没去上学。
 ④must表推测,一般不用于否定句;否定句中该用can或could。
误:Wemustnthavemetbefore.
正:Wecanthavemetbefore.
neednt+have+done可用来表示“已做了多余的事”。
 e.g.Thereisnoschooltoday.Youneednthavecome.
 could+have+done可用来表示没做某事的“遗憾”。
e.g.Shecamehereonfoot,butshecouldhavecomebybus.
 could/might+have+done也可用来表示委婉的批评。
e.g.Youcouldhavecome5minutesearlier.
 Youmightatleasthavewrittenmealetter.
 在反意问句中,表推测的情态动词不出现在简短问句部分,取而代之的应是情态动

词。句中有过去时间状语的,问句部分用过去时,否则,用现在完成时。
e.g.Hemusthavebeenthereyesterday,wasnthe?
 Hemusthavebeenthere,hasnthe?
Hecanthavebeenthereyesterday,washe?
Hecanthavebeenthere,hashe?

 三、由上我们可以得出一个结论:表推测时,must只用在肯定句中,而can只用于否定句和疑问句中。而实际上can可用于肯定句中,但这常用于表可能性,意义有所不同,译为“有时候可能”。

 e.g.Oldnewspapercanbeuseful.

旧报纸有时候还是有用的。

 Itcangetquitecoldhereatnight.

晚上这里有时候会相当冷。习题对话

Languagepratice

1.Choosetheproperwordorphrasetotaketheplaceoftheunderlinedword(s)inthesentences.

①.glass=transparent②.think=assume③.makeclear=clarity

④.environment=surroundings⑤.obvious=apparent⑥.towardsone=sideways

⑦.distinguish=tell…apart…smallcircles=smalldots

⑧.got=obtainedenough=adequate

2.Usethewordsinthebracketstoanswerthequestion(refertotheReading)

3.Fillintheblankswiththepropermodalverbs.

Dialogue1:shall;must;needn’t;can;may;may/can;would;can’t;must

Dialogue2:could;can;may;must;may;would;can;may/might;would

考题档案

1.(NMET2004全国)Idontmindpickingupyourthingsfromthestore._______,thewalkwilldomegood.
A.SoonerorlaterB.BesidesC.IntimeD.Still

2.(NMET2004上海春)Iamsorryit’smypowertomakeafinaldecisionontheproject.A.overB.aboveC.offD.beyond

3.(NMET2004上海春)Ihavereadthematerialseveraltimesbutitdoesn’tmakeanytome.

A.meaningB.importanceC.senseD.significance

4.(NMET2004湖南)----Excuseme,butIwanttouseyourcomputertotypeareport.

----You______havemycomputerifyoudonttakecareofit.

A.shantB.mightnotC.needntD.shouldnt

5.(NMET2004天津)—WhatwereyoudoingwhenTonyphonedyou?

—Ihadjustfinishedmyworkandtotakeashower.

A.hadstartedB.startedC.havestartedD.wasstarting

6.(NMET2004江苏)Iacceptthatheisnotperfect,Idoactuallyliketheperson.

A.WhileB.SinceC.BeforeD.Unless

7.Amoderncityhasbeensetupinwasawastelandtenyearsago.

A.whatB.whichC.thatD.where

8.Thehousetentisexpensive.IvegotabouthalfthespaceIhadathomeandImpaying__here.

 A.asthreetimesmuchB.asmuchthreetimeC.muchasthreetimesD.threetimesasmuch

9.(NMET1995)ShethoughtIwastalkingaboutherdaughter,______infact,Iwastalkingaboutmydaughter.
 A.whomB.whereC.whichD.while

10.[NMET1998上海]Weadvertisedforpupilslastautumn,andgot________60.
A.morethanB.moreof C.asmuchasD.somanyas

11.--Wouldyoulikeme________theradioabit?

--No,itsallright.Imusedto________withtheradio_________.

A.toturnup;work;onB.toturndown;working;off

C.turningup;working;offD.toturndown;working;on

12.--Whatsthematter?Youreallylookupset.

--___________.

--Well,betterlucknexttime.

A.Why,IalwayslookuptoyouB.Ifailedanimportanttest

C.IhaveabadcoldD.Me?Ineverlookdownuponanybody

13.Iremember_________thisusedtobeaverysmallvillage.

A.whenB.howC.whereD.what

14.Thecomputersmadebyourcompanysellbest,butseveralyearsagonoonecouldhave

imaginedtheroleinthemarketsthatthey________.

A.wereplayingB.weretoplayC.haveplayedD.played

15.--WhendidMissWangleavetheoffice?

--Sheleft________youturnedbacktowriteontheblackboard.

A.theminuteB.atimeC.untilD.unless

1.B besides副词,"况且"

2.D3.Cmakesense是固定短语,是"有意义"的意思

3.4.A5.D

6.Awhile是"虽然…但是…"的意思 7.A

8.D 是对倍数表达法的考查倍数词一律放在"as"之前9.D

10.Amorethan是"多余,超过"的意思

11.D12.B13.A14.B15.A

一课一测

(检测自己的能力)

A级(基础训练)

第一部分单项填空1.Whichofthefollowingisright?

A.What’swrongwiththemachine?B.Whatisthetroublewiththemachine?

C.Whatisthematterwiththemachine?D.Alloftheabove.

2.Theboat______,throwingtheboyintothewater.

A.turnedoverB.turneddownC.turnedupD.turnedout

3.--Thedishisdelicious!
--Well,atleastits________theoneIcookedyesterday.
A.asbadasB.noworsethanC.aswellasD.notbetterthan

4.Words_____meaning,asweallknow.
A.convinceB.conveyC.contributeD.conquer

5.Youwillfindamapofgreat____inhelpingyoutogetroundLondon.?

A.priceB.costC.valueD.usefulness

6.ItoldSallyhowtogetthere,butperhapsI_______forher.
 A.hadtowriteitoutB.musthavewrittenitout
 C.shouldhavewrittenitoutD.oughttowriteitout

7.--Iamgoingtotheoffice.
 --______yourethere,canyougetmesomestamps?(NMET99)
 A.AsB.WhileC.BecauseD.If

8.Theengineoftheshipsuddenlyfailedandthencameabigstorm,whichthehelplessnessofthecrewatsea.

A.resultedfromB.addedtoC.turnedoutD.broughtabout

9._____bythebulletswhistlingby,thetimidfellowhidhisheadinthebush,_____.

A.Frightened;lefthisbodyexposingB.Frightening;andlefthisbodyexposed

C.Frightening;leavinghisbodyexposedD.Frightened;leavinghisbodyexposed

10.Ihavealwaysbeenhonestandstraightforward,anditdoesn’tmatter____thatI’mtalkingto.

A.whoitisB.whoisitC.itiswhoD.itiswhom

B级(应用创新)

第一部分单项填空1._____thereisnolossofspeedovertheblades,wecancalculatetheoutletvelocityofthesteam.
A.AssumingthatB.SothatC.SuchthatD.Inorderthat

2.Iknowthisisnotquitetherightword,butIcan’tbebotheredtothinkof.

A.abetterB.abestC.thebetterD.thegood

3.Hespentseveralhoursinthewindandsnow,.

A.coldlyandhungrilyB.coldandhungry

C.beingcoldandhungryD.incoldandhunger

4.—Henrydoesn’tseemtobewhathewas.

—No.somuchinthewarhasmadehimmorethoughtful.

A.SeenB.HisseeingC.HavingseenD.Tohaveseen

5.Ifyoulendme500pounds,itwillmehavingtogotothebank.

A.saveB.shareC.serveD.help

6.It’sgoodthatwetotheparkbecauseithasshartedtorain.

A.don’tgoB.hadn’tgoneC.didn’tgoD.wasn’tgoing

7.I’veneverbeensopoorabletoaffordameal.

A.astobenotB.notastobeC.asnottobeD.astonotbe

8.IlikeduringtheSpringFestivalwheneveryonestayswithhisfamily.

A.thisB.thatC.oneD.it

9.Therearetenwaitingroomsatthenewly-builtstation,inall20,000people.

A.seatingB.seatedC.sittingD.toseat

10.Itistheprotectionfortreesreallymatters,howmanytreesareplanted.

A.what,besidesB.that,except

C.that,ratherthanD.what,otherthan

11.ItishightlydesirablethateveryefforttoreducethepollutioninBeijing.

A.ismadeB.wasmadeC.weremadeD.bemade

12.—Marylookshotanddry.

—Soyouifyouhadahighfever.

A.doB.areC.willD.would

13.Therewerealotofpeopleinthereadingroom,mostofwiththeirheadsbentdownovertheirbooks.

A.themB.whomC.thatD.which

14.Hisincometodayisdoubleitwasfiveyearsago.

A.thatB.whichC.whatD.as

15.Governmentreports,legalpapersandmostbusinesslettersarethemainsituations

Englishisused.

A.whenB.thatC.howD.where

第二部分完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)

阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从36---55各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中,选出最佳选项。Asoccerreferee(裁判)punishedforscoringagoalwhiletakingchargeofagamehasquitthejobafterbeingfoundguiltyofbringingthegameintoshamebytheEssexCountyFootballAssociation.TheEssexCountyFootballAssociationsaidthattheyweredisappointedbythe__1__ofSavill,whohittheheadlineslastyearwhenhissympathyforateamgettingbeaten1-18went__2__.“Itisaprettyrare__3__andhopefullyitwonthappenagain.”EssexCountyFAchiefexecutivePhilSammonssaid.

BrianSavillwastaking__4__ofaGreatBromleyCupgameintheSouthofEnglandbetweenEarlsColneandWimple.With10minutes__5__andWimplefallingbehind1-18,Savillfoundtheballathis__6__infrontoftheEarlsColnegoalandquickly_7__itintothenet,__8__signalingagoal.

Thelawsofthegamestatethattherefereeispartoftheplayingareaandthatthegame__9__iftheballstrikeshim.Thereisnolawstodifferentiatebetweena(an)__10__orintentionalcontact.Savills__11__goalmade__12__differencetotheresultasEarlsColnewentontowin20-2,buttheofficialswere__13__.TheEssexCountyFAfinallyfound47-year-oldSavillguiltyand__14__hisjobforsevenweeks.

Savill,arefereewith18years’experience,officiallyannouncedthathewould__15__thejobafterfindingoutaboutthedecision.“__16__haventgotasenseofhumor,”hetoldtheTimesnewspaper.“Itbrought__17__toeveryone’slives.Itshows__18__canbeenjoyableandthatwearenotHitlersrunningaroundblowing19allthetime.”However,headvisedotherrefereesagainstfollowinghis__20__.

1.A.decisionB.adviceC.commentsD.statement

2.A.wrongB.toofarC.crazyD.veryserious

3.A.caseB.sceneC.gameD.score

4.A.picturesB.sightsC.pityD.charge

5.A.goingB.remainingC.endingD.leaving

6.A.handB.feetC.backD.side

7.A.threwB.laidC.kickedD.hit

8.A.afterB.whileC.forD.before

9.A.continuesB.winsC.delaysD.ends

10.A.thankfulB.friendlyC.beautifulD.accidental

11.A.strangeB.wonderfulC.amazingD.helpful

12.A.littleB.muchC.doubtfulD.sensible

13.A.watchedB.pleasedC.impressedD.tricked

14.A.stoppedB.encouragedC.firedD.scolded

15.A.takeB.leaveC.improveD.refuse

16.A.WeB.HeC.ID.They

17.A.hateB.violenceC.enjoymentD.friendship

18.A.playingB.inspectingC.scoringD.refereeing

19.A.windB.whistlesC.hornsD.weapons

20.A.exampleB.humorC.recordD.lesson

第三部分阅读理解

A

Thetreesarrivedbypost,ahalf-openparcel.Theywerethinandstraight,ratherlikearrowsbutwithshinyleavesatoneendandmuddyrootsattheother.Terryandhisfathertookthemdownthegardenandplantedthemintheirpreparedplaces.Terryhadgreathopesofthemiddletree,nowsetintheholyspotwhereHenry,hiscat,runover,hadbeenlaidtorestayearbefore.Theninetreesmadeanavenuedownonesideofthegarden,wheretherewasalreadyafifteen-footstonewallbetweenthegardenandthebackyardsoftheJenkinsStreethouses.
“Whydowewantarowoftreesaswellasawall?”Terryaskedhisfather.

Hisfathersaid,“Forprivacy.Thesetreesgrowverythickly.”

Hisfather’sloveofprivacyoftenpuzzledTerry,whowasnotonetokeephimselftohimself,buthecouldseepartofthepointhere.ThehousesinJenkinsStreetwereonhigherground.HisfriendLeslielivedinnumbertwelve,andLesliehadonlytostandonaboxtoseerightoverthewall.

“Willthetreesgrowhigherthanthewall?”Terryaskedthen.

“Ohyes,twiceashighifnotmore.It’lltakeafewyearsbuttheyllgrow.”

Sotheyweregoingtohaveninetreesthirtyfeettall,tokeepthemfrombeingoverlooked.Terrywonderedwhythiswassodesirable.Hesaid,“Ourgardenisverypretty.Whycan’tweletthepeopleoverthewallseeit?Thatwouldn’tbeshowingoff,wouldit?”
“No,Idon’tthinkitwouldbe,”hisfathersaid.“Yetsomepeoplemightfeelabitlesshappyiftheycanalwaysseeagoodthingthatisn’ttheirs.Wedon’twanttobethecauseofanyjealousyifwecanhelpit.”

Thisconsiderationforotherpeople’sfeelingsmustbeagrown-upthing.Terrythought.Itwasnothisideaofhowtorunthings.Hesaid,“Thesetrees—itseemsalotoftroubletogotojusttostoppeoplebeingjealousofus,”

Hisfatherlookedathim.“Itisn’tmuchtrouble,Terry,”hesaid.“Thesetreeswillgrowwithouthelpfromus.They’llbebeautiful.Andlistentothem.Youcanalreadyhearthemwhisperingtousinthewind.”

1.HowdoweknowthatTerry’sfatherwasexpectingthetrees?
A.Hethoughttheywouldgrowtallandthick.
B.Heexpectedthembecausetheyarrivedbypost.
C.HeandTerryhaddugholesforthem.
D.Theparcelwashalfopen,sohecouldseetheyweretrees.
2.Partofthegardeniscalledaholyspotbecause.
A.HenryhadbeenrunoverjustthereB.acatwasburiedthere
C.Terrythoughtitwasholy.D.itwasrightinfrontofLeslie’shouse
3.WeknowfromthepassagethatTerry’sfatherisamanwho.
A.wasproudofhisgardenandlikedshowingitoffB.didn’tquitelikehisneighbors
C.preferredtokeephisprivacyD.feltjealousofthepeopleinJenkinsStreet
4.Whywerethetreesplantedinfrontofthewall?
A.Becausethatwaswheretheywouldgrowfaster.B.Toimprovetheappearanceofthehouse.
C.TohidetheuglysightofJenkinsStreet.D.Tostoppeoplefromlookinginside.

5.AccordingtoTerry’sfather,thethingthatmighthavemadetheneighborsfeellesshappy
was________.

A.thewallB.thethrivingrowoftreesC.thewell-keptgardenD.theprivacyoftheplace

B

Inthe1960s,medicalresearchersThomasHolmesandRichardRahedevelopedachecklistofstressfulevents.Theyappreciatedthetrickypointthatanymajorchangecanbestressful.Badeventslike"seriousillnessofafamilymember"werehighonthelist,butsoweresomehelpfullifechangingeventslikemarriage.

WhenyoutaketheHolmesRahetestyoumustrememberthatthescoredoesnotshowhowyoudealwithstress—itonlyshowshowmuchyouhavetodealwith.Andwenowknowthatthewayyoudealwiththeseeventsdramatically(戏剧性地)affectsyourchancesofstayinghealthy.Bytheearly1970s,hundredsofsimilarstudieshadfollowedHolmesandRahe.AndmillionsofAmericanswhoworkandliveunderstressworriedoverthereports.Somehowtheresearchgotboileddowntoamemorablemessage.Women’smagazinesrantitleslike"Stresscausesillness".

Ifyouwanttostayphysicallyandmentallyhealthythearticlessaidavoidstressfulevents.Butsuchsimplisticadviceisimpossibletofollow.Evenifstressfuleventsaredangerous,many—likethedeathofalovedone—areimpossibletoavoid.Moreover,anywarningtoavoidallstressfuleventsisaprescription(处方)forstayingawayfromchancesaswellastrouble.Sinceanychangecanbestressful,apersonwhowantedtobecompletelyfreeofstresswouldnevermarry,haveachild,takeanewjobormove.Theideathatallstressmakesyousickalsotakesnonoticeofalotofwhatweknowaboutpeople.Itsupposeswe’reallvulnerableandnotactiveinthefaceofthedifficultsituation.Butwhatabouthumanabilityandcreativity?Manycomethroughperiodsofstresswithmorephysicalandmentalstrengththantheyhadbefore.Wealsoknowthatalongtimewithoutchangeorchallengecanleadtoboredomandphysicalandmentalpressure. 

6.TheresultofHolmesRahe’smedicalresearchtellsus________.

A.thewayyoudealwithmajoreventsmaycausestress

B.whatshouldbedonetoavoidstress

C.whatkindofeventwouldcausestress

D.howtodealwithsuddenchangesinlife

7.Thestudiesonstressintheearly1970sledto________.

A.popularavoidanceofstressfuljobsB.greatfearoverthementaldisorder

C.acarefulresearchintostressrelatedillnessesD.widespreadworryaboutitsharmfuleffects

8.ThescoreoftheHolmesRahetestshows________.

A.howyoucandealwithlifechangingeventsB.howhelpfuleventscanchangeyourlife

C.howstressfulamajoreventcanbeD.howmuchpressureyouareunder

9.Whyis"suchsimplisticadvice"(Line1,Para.3)impossibletofollow?

A.Noonecanstayonthesamejobforlong

B.Noprescriptioniseffectiveinreducingstress? 

C.Peoplehavetogetmarriedsomeday 

D.Youcouldbemissingchancesaswell?

10.Accordingtothepassagepeoplewhohaveexperiencedupsanddownsmaybecome________.

A.nervouswhenfacedwithdifficultiesB.physicallyandmentallytired

C.moreabletodealwithdifficultiesD.coldtowardwhathappenstothem

第四部分短文改错

DearMumandDad:

Thisisaquicknotetellyouthatwehavearrived1:________

safelyandthatwearehavingarealwonderfultime.2:________

Theflightisverygoodandwearrivedatourhotel3:________

intimeforoureveningmeal.Theweatherhereis4:________

muchbetterthanathome.Sometimesitrainalittle5:________

atnight,andit’ssunnyduringtheday.Ifthe6:________

weatherisnicethenextweek,we’llgosailing.7:________

TodayIhavetowriteallmypostcards.Iwantitto8:________

arrivebeforewewillgetbackhomeonSunday.Were9:________

allwell,andlookingforwardtoseeyou.10:________

Hopeallswell.

Lotsoflove第五部分:书面表达

5月2日《蓉城日报》报道:某大型超市最近做出一项新的决定:为减少白色污染,超市将不再为购物的顾客提供免费的塑料袋。请你就此从以下几个方面发表自己的看法:

1.这一决定的利与弊

2.建议超市提供纸袋,顾客也可自带包装

3.要彻底解决白色污染的问题,需要首先提高人们对环保的认识

注意:1.词数:100左右;2.参考词汇:《蓉城日报》:RongchengDaily

参考答案

第一部分单项填空

1—5DABBC6—10CBBBA

第一部分单项填空

1—5AABBA6—10CCDAC11—15DDACD

第二部分完形填空

1—5ABADB6—10BCDAD11—15AACAB16—20DCDBA

第三部分阅读理解

1—5CBCDC6—10ADDBC

第四部分短文改错

1.note与tell之间加to2.real→really3.is→was4.√5.rain→rains

6.and→but7.去掉the8.it→them9.去掉will10.see→seeing

第五部分:写作

Onepossibleversion:

ItisreportedinRongchengDailythatabigsupermarkethasmadeanewdecisionthatinordertoreducewhitepollution,themarketwillnolongerprovideforthecustomersfreeplasticbags.Inmyopinion,thedecisionwillhavebothpositiveandnegativeeffects.Asisknown,peoplethrowawayusedplasticbagswherevertheywanttoandthewhitepollution,mainlycausedbyplastics,whichishardtobreakdown,isbecomingadangertopeople’slife.Thereisnodoubtthatthedecisionwilldogoodtotheenvironment.However,itwillbringinconveniencetothecustomers.It’slikelythatfewerpeoplewillchoosethissupermarketandthereforethesalesoftheshopwillbebadlyaffected.

Tosolvethisproblem,Ithinkthesupermarketcanprovidepaperbagsorthecustomersareencouragedtobringalongbagsoftheirown.ButwhatIwanttopointoutisthatstoppingprovidingplasticbagsisfarfrombeingthebestwaytoprotecttheearthfromwhitepollution.It’snotuntileveryoneunderstandstheimportanceofprotectingenvironmentthattheworldwillbereallyclean.

蜜蜂的语言

有很多种不同种类的蜂.有些是聚居在大家族里,象蜜蜂,把它们的窝筑在树上或岩石洞里.还有一些则把它们的窝筑在地下的洞里.也有一些根本就不住在一起的蜜蜂.在不同种类的蜂之中,蜜蜂吸引了很多科学家,因为他们用一种语言来互相传递信息.1851年,现代蜂房的研制使研究蜜蜂语言的实验成为可能.
卡尔·冯·弗里希教授,一个澳大利亚的科学家,多年研究在黑暗的蜂房里蜜蜂是怎样以很巧妙的方式传递信息的.冯·弗里希教授多年从事蜜蜂的研究工作,他对一再观察到的某些现象曾感到迷惑不解.当他把一小碟一小碟的蜜放在桌上时,蜜蜂不一会儿就来了.只要有一只蜜蜂发现了蜜,没多久便飞来许多蜜蜂.看来,一只(发现了食物的)蜜蜂能把食物的信息传递给蜂箱里的其他蜜蜂.这是怎样传递的呢?为了弄清情况,冯·弗里希制作了几个特殊的蜂箱,每个里面只有一蜂巢.蜂箱的一面装上玻璃,他可以透过玻璃观察蜜蜂在里面的活动情况.为了便于区别,他在一些蜜蜂的身上涂上颜色.
当一只带有标记的蜜蜂从喂食的桌上飞回蜂箱时,冯·弗里希就透过玻璃进行观察.使他惊异的是,这只蜜蜂在巢壁上跳起舞来.先向右转一圈,再向左转一圈.就这样一遍又一遍地来回转圈.但情况还不只此.这种舞蹈似乎使周围的蜜蜂也活跃起来了.它们成群地跟在这只蜜蜂后面,模仿它的动作.然后离开蜂箱飞到喂食处去了.这种圆圈舞好象是传递有关食物的信息.可是它还传递什么别的信息吗?
冯·弗里希想弄清这种舞蹈能不能说明喂食处有多远.因此,他安排了两个喂食处.

一个靠近蜂箱.另一个远离蜂箱.他给所有来附近喂食处的蜜蜂标上蓝色,给飞到远的喂食处的蜜蜂标上红色.当蜜蜂返回蜂箱时,冯·弗里希看到了一种奇妙的现象.所有到过近处喂食处的蜜蜂都跳着圆圈舞.所有到过远处喂食处的蜜蜂都跳着一种完全不同的舞--摆尾舞.跳舞的蜜蜂沿着直线飞,腹部左右摆动.然后它转半个圈,再沿直线飞,在另一边又转半个圈.它一遍又一遍地不断重复着这些"舞步".情况清楚了.圆圈舞的意思是食物在近处.摆尾舞的意思是食物在远处.

接下来,冯·弗里希和他的同事们在靠近蜂箱的地方设立了一个喂食处.接着他们把喂食处慢慢地往远处移动.他们回到蜂箱近旁时,便仔细观察摆尾舞.他们用跑表计算蜜蜂在一分钟内重复舞蹈的次数.他们发现喂食地点越远,舞就跳得越慢,舞蹈越慢,在一分钟内能够重复的次数就越少.于是又发现一个令人惊讶的情况.每分钟摆尾舞的次数说明到喂食地点的距离.他们也发现蜜蜂在它们的蜂房和喂食处所飞的最大距离是3.2公里.

其次,冯·弗里希和他的同事们要知道的是蜜蜂们是否能够告诉其它伙伴确切的食物位置.例如,蜜蜂能否交流具体的方向,像东西南北,东南和西南等.

当蜜蜂发现一个喂食处的时候,它们能够从蜂箱直接飞到喂食处.不一会,一群蜜蜂就象一股小风暴一样从蜂箱飞到喂食处.几个世纪以前,"蜂线"这个单词就出现了,现在,我们就可以得出"给某人或某样东西作一条直线"的表达方式,意思是为某人或某样东西快速沿着一条直线走.

卡尔·冯·弗里希毕生研究包括蜜蜂在内的动物传递信息的办法,1973年,他和另外两个科学家获得了诺贝尔奖.他死于1982年.

Unit 14 Zoology [Reading comprehension]


第一部分课文理解

Warmingup
ReadthefollowingproverbsandthenmatchtheChinesemeaningofeachproverb.
一贫如洗回家生闷气饥肠辘辘勿惹事生非不要过早打如意算盘
披着羊皮的狼一燕不成夏拦路虎把好人与坏人分开亡羊补牢
班门弄斧倾盆大雨蠢得像头猪江山易改,本性难移
人靠衣装,佛靠金装小时偷针,大时偷金潜移默化爱屋及乌
1.Toteachafishhowtoswim.班门弄斧
2.Thesparrownearaschoolsingstheprimer.潜移默化
3.Loveme,lovemydog爱屋及乌
4.Lookthebarndoorafterthehorseisstolen.亡羊补牢
5.Hethatwillstealapinwillstealanox.小时偷针,大时偷金
6.Don’tcountyourchickensbeforetheyhatch.不要过早打如意算盘
7.aspoorasachurchmouse一贫如洗
8.Letsleepingdogslie.勿惹事生非
9.ImSOhungrythatIcouldeatahorse.饥肠辘辘
10.Gohomeandkickthedog.回家生闷气
11.Separatethesheepfromthegoats.把好人与坏人分开
12.Alionintheway.拦路虎
13.Oneswallowdoesn’tmakeasummer.一燕不成夏
14.Awolfinsheep’sclothing.披着羊皮的狼
15.Finefeathersmakefinebirds.人靠衣装,佛靠金装
16.Youcan’tmakeacrabwalkstraight.江山易改,本性难移
17.Itrainscatsanddogs.倾盆大雨
18.asstupidasagoose.蠢得像头猪
Readthetextandthenmatchthegeneralideaofeachparagraph.
Para11.Thecircledance
Para22.Abriefintroductionofthebee
Para33.Whetherbeescouldtelleachothertheexactposition.
Para44.Thewaggingdance.
Para55.Pro.KarlvonFrischbuiltspecialhivestostudybees.
Para66.Thenumberofwaggingdancesindicatestheexactdistancetothefeedingplace.
Para77.Somethingabouttheprofessor
Para88.“Bee-line”and“tomakeabeelinefor”
Key:
Para12.Abriefintroductionofthebee
Para25.Pro.KarlvonFrischbuiltspecialhivestostudybees.
Para31.Thecircledance
Para44.Thewaggingdance.
Para56.Thenumberofwaggingdancesindicatestheexactdistancetothefeedingplace.
Para63.Whetherbeescouldtelleachothertheexactposition.
Para78.“Bee-line”and“tomakeabeelinefor”
Para87.Somethingabouttheprofessor
Readthepassagecarefullyandthendothefollowingexercises
Para.1
①Q:Whyisitthehoney-beethathasinterestedscientistsmost?
Becauseofthelanguagetheyusetocommunicatewitheachother.
②Youcanfindoutthetopicsentenceofthetextsimplyinpara.1from____.
A.thefirstsentenceB.thesecondsentenceC.ThefifthsentenceD.thelastsentence
③Thescientistscanstudythelanguageofhoneybeesonlyafterthedevelopmentof____.
A.themodernbeehiveB.experimentsC.dishesofhoneyD.bothAandB
Para.2
①KarlvonFrischmadeanexperimenttoresearch____.
A.thefoodofhoneybeesB.thedanceofhoneybees
C.thewayshoneybeescommunicateD.Thehiveofhoneybees
②Thephrase“tellthebeesapart”inpara.2means____.
A.letthebeesliveseparatelyB.tellonebeefromtheother
C.drivethebeesawayD.tearthebeesintopieces
③Whichofthefollowingstatementsisright?
A.Animalsdohavealanguagelikethatofhumanbeings.
B.WhenProfessorKarlvonFrischplacedlittledishesofmilkonthetable,beessooncame.
C.Inordertobeabletowatchthebeesscientifically,hebuiltsomespecialhive,aglasswallandmarkedthebeeswithlittlespotsofcolour.
D.Whenamarkedbeereturnedtothehivefromthefeedingtable,itbegantoperformadanceonthesurfaceoftheground.
④WhatwasProfessorvonFrischpuzzledby?
Whenheplacedlittledishesofhoneyonatable,beessooncame.Assoonasonebeediscoveredthehoney,manymorecametoitoneafteranotherinashorttime.
Para.3-4
①TheLanguageofHoneyBees

Dance

AcircledanceAwaggingdance

Foodisnear.Foodisfaraway.
②Howdidthemarkedbeetellthemessageoffoodtotheotherbees?Givethefollowsinrightorder.
a.Themarkedbeereturnedtothehivefromthefeedingtable.
b.Itrepeatedthesecirclesoverandoveragain.c.Themarkedbeemadeacircletotheleft.
dThemarkedbeemadeacircletotheright.e.Theotherexcitedbeesdancetogether.
f.Thebeesleftthehiveandwenttothefeedingplace.
A.abcefdB.cadefbC.adcbefD.dacebf
③Differentdanceindicatedifferent____.
A.foodB.feedingplacesC.stepsD.semicircles
④Thecircledancecommunicates____.
a.thedistanceoffoodb.theinformationoffood
c.theamountoffoodd.thekindoffood
A.abcB.abdC.abD.bc
⑤Canyoudescribehowthecircledanceperformed?Andhowthewaggingdanceperformed?
thewaggingdance

Thedancerraninastraightline,waggingfromsidetoside.Thenitturnedinasemicircle,ranstraightagain,andturnedinanothersemicircletotheoppositeside.Itkeptthe“steps”overandover.
thecircledance

Firstitmadeacircletotheright,thentotheleft.Itrepeatedthesecirclesoverandoveragain.Thenthesurroundingbeestroopedbehindthefirstdancer,copyingitsmovements.
Para5
①Whatdidthescientistsdiscover?
Theydiscoveredthatthefartherawaythefeedingstationwas,theslowerthedancewas.
②Whatamaximumdistancedothebeesfly?
Beesflyamaximumdistanceof3.2kilometresbetweentheirhiveandafeedingplace.
③Thephrase“cometolight”inParagraph5means______.
A.becomeknownB.cometoabrightplaceC.turnbrightD.bothAandB
④Thenumberofthewaggingdancesperminutetold______.
A.thepositionofthefeedingplaceB.theamountofthefood
C.thedistanceofthefeedingplaceD.alltheinformationaboutfood
Para7
Whatdoes"bee-line"mean?
straightline;theshortestdistancebetweentwoplaces
Para.8
①AccordingtothethispassagepleasegivetheinformationaboutKarlvonFrisch
Nationality:____________Austrian
What’she?________________zoologist/scientist
Researchwork:_________________theamazingwayshoney-beescommunicateintheirdarkhives.
Howtofinditout:_________________bydoingexperiments
Hisdiscovery:______________________circledancewaggingdance
Prize:_____________________________wonthe1973NobelPrizeinphysiology(生理学)ormedicine.
②.Afterreadingthetext,youcaninferthewriterislikelytowriteabout____inthenextpara.
A.Whetherthecircledancetoldthemwhatfoodwasinfeedingplace
B.Whetherthebeescantellonecolourfromtheother
C.Whetherthewaggingdancetellthebeesthedistanceandthedirectionofthefood
D.Whetherthelanguageofhoneybeesisthemostusefullanguageofallanimals
③Whichofthestatementsispossibleaccordingtothelastparagraph?
A.Wehumanbeingscancommunicateashoneybeesdo.
B.Wehumanbeingscangoasquicklyashoneybees.
C.Wehumanbeingscancometohelpeachotherinafastway.
D.Wehumanbeingscanlearnsomethingfromanimals’behavior.
根据课文内容填空:
Therearemany_________(varieties)ofbee.Amongthedifferenttypesofbee,itisthehoney-beethathasmostinterestedscientistsbecauseofthe“language”theyuseto_______________(communicate)witheachother.ThescientistsVonFrischbuiltspecialhivestofindouthowonebeecommunicatethenewsoffoodtotheotherbeesinthehive.
Tohis_____________(surprise),thebeewhofoundthefeedingplacebeganto_________(perform)adanceonthe________(surface)ofthehoneycomb.Thedanceseemedto_______(excite)thesurroundingbees.They_________(trooped)behindthefirstdancer,_________(copying)itsmovements.Thenthebeesleftthehiveandwenttothe_______(feeding)place.Hefoundthatthebeesdidthecirclingdancewhenthefoodisnear,andthatthebeesdidthe___________(wagging)dancewhenthefoodwasfaraway.Healsofoundthatthenumberofwaggingdancesper_________(minute)toldhowfarawaythefoodwas.

第二部分语言点

课文前面部分
1.Asmallanimalthathelpsthepolicegetholdofthieves.
一种能帮助警察捉贼的动物。
getholdof…=take/catchholdof…意思是“抓住…”;“获得…”
getholdof…=take/catchholdof…意思是“抓住…”;“获得…”
Hetookholdoftheropeandpulled.他抓住绳子用力拉。
Ineedtogetholdofsomemoneyquickly.我需要马上就能有点钱
holdaconversation/meeting进行交谈/开会holdtheline=holdon别挂电话
hold…back阻止…holdone’sbreath屏住呼吸
2.Ananimalthatisn’ttellingthetruth.一种会撒谎的动物。
tellthetruth“说实话”的意思,tell的相关类似短语有:
tella/thelie=telllies撒谎tellastory讲故事
3.Youaregoingtohearaninterviewwithawomanwhoworksinazoo。
你将听到对一位在动物园工作的妇女的采访报道。
interview在这里是名词“采访”的意思,还有“面试”之意。
interview在这里是名词“采访”的意思,还有“面试”之意。
Thefilmstaragreedtogiveaninterviewafterthewedding.这位影星同意在婚礼后接受采访。
Yourinterviewforthejobistomorrow你的求职面试定在明天
interview“采访”,要区别与cover的用法。interview可以用interviewsb.或interviewsth.但cover只能说coversth.
Areporterinterviewedtheprimeminister.一位记者采访了首相。
She’sbeinginterviewedforthejob.她正在接受求职面试。
Theysentagreatmanyreporterstocovertheconference
他们派遣了很多记者报道这次会议。
cover除了“采访”的意思外还有“用……遮盖;覆盖”“占有…(面积);掩饰”
“涉及…(内容)”等含义。请学习下面例句中cover一词的各种用法
Sincewatercoversmostoftheearth,Corsteauknewweshouldkeeptheseasclean.
由于水覆盖了地球的大部分,库斯托知道我们应该保持海洋清洁。
Hetriedtocover(up)hismistake.他想掩盖他的错误。
Hesaidhecouldcoverthedistanceonfootintwohours.他说这段路程两个小时能走完
Howmanypageshaveyoucovered?你读了多少页了?
Whatarethemainpointsyou’regoingtocoverinyourtalk?你的报告主要涉及哪些内容。
Wehaveonlyjustcoveredourexpenses.我们所收入的仅够开支而已。
cover作名词,作“盖子”、“封面”解。
Whenthewaterboils,takethecover.当水开的时候,把盖子揭开.
Thebookneedsanewcover.这书需要装个新封面.
4.What’stheproblemwiththeanimalsatthezoo?动物园里的动物有什么问题?
What’stheproblemwith…=What’sthetroublewith…=What’sthematterwith…
=Whatsyourproblem?=Whatswrongwithyou?都用来询问“…(你)怎么回事?”
5.Thetwoteamstaketurnsspeaking.两支队伍轮流发言。
taketurnsdoingsth.“轮流干…”,turn是名词。
复习turn的用法
作名词用
It’sone’sturntodosth轮到某人做某事
Itsyourturntomakeadecision.该你来做出决定了。
turnone’sturntodosth=dosthinturn=dosthbyturns
作名词用:转动,转向,翻转
turnright/left=turntotheright/left
turntosth./sb.(forhelp)turntopage84
作系动词用:变得……
turngreen/yellow变绿/黄了
Tenyearslater,heturnedteacher.
A./B.aC.anD.the
注:此题考查turn作连系动词的特殊用法,即turn作连系动词时后接表语名词,省略冠词.所以此题的答案为A.如果turn后加into则须在名词前加冠词a.
固定词组:
turnagainst背叛turndown关小/拒绝
turnfromsidetoside把身体转来转去turnin上交
turn...into...(使……)成为……turnoff(水源、煤气、电灯等)/避开(问题等)
turnon开(水、煤气、电灯、无线电等)/对……发怒
turnontheradioturnout结果是/证明是/生产出
turnover(使)打翻/翻身/翻动/翻耕(土地)/转危为安
turnup开大/出现/找到/证明是(=turnouttobe)
6.Whenalltheteamsareready,theteacherwillstartandtimethedebate.
当所有队伍都准备好以后,老师就开始为辩论计时.
time是动词,"计时"的意思,还有“安排好时间,使合拍子;安排……的速度"
Howlongcanyouholdyourbreathunderwater?TakeadeepbreathandI’lltimeyou.
你在水下能潜多久呢?深呼吸一下,我给你计时。
Hetimedhisjourneysothathecouldarriveatthehotelbeforedark.
他安排好了他的旅程,以便能在天黑以前到达旅馆。
Hetriedtotimehisstepstothemusic.他尽力与音乐合节拍。
课文部分
1.ProfessorKarlvonFrisch,ascientistfromAustria,spentmanyyearsofhisliferesearchingtheamazingwayshoney-beescommunicateintheirdarkhives.奥地利科学家卡尔冯弗里希教授,一生中花去了许多岁月,研究蜜蜂在黑暗的蜂箱里是以怎样巧妙的方式传递信息的。
amazevt.使惊愕;使大为惊讶:
Heamazedeveryonebypassinghisdrivingtest.令人惊讶的是他竟通过了驾驶考试。
amazing“令人惊异的”;在西方人的口中,表示惊讶,经常可以听到amazing这个词。如果有些事情发生得出乎意料,难以置信,也可以用amazing来形容。
You’reamazing.你真了不起。
Itwasamazingthattheboywasabletosolvetheproblemsoquickly.
那男孩能这样快地解完这道题,真是令人惊奇。
有些漂亮或另类的东西,总能吸引许多眼球,就可以说是amazingthings.
Iamalwayslookingfornewandamazingitems.我总是在寻找让我眼前一亮的新东西。
amazed使(某人)感到惊奇,常用beamazedat/by感到惊奇。
Hewasamazedatallthecolours,andallthebeautifulfish.他对五颜绿色和各种美丽的鱼感到惊奇。
WeareamazedatthechangesinBeijing.Ican’tevenfindwheremyoldhouseis.
北京的变化使我们感到惊奇。我几乎找不到旧房子了。
2.Inordertotellthebeesapart,hepaintedsomebeeswithlittledotsofcolour.为了把蜜蜂区分开,他在一些蜜蜂身上涂上色斑.
tell...apart识别,辨别(复习)
CanyoutellJaneandLucyapart?Fortheylooksoalike.你能区别开简和露丝吗?她们长得太像了。
tellAfromB把A与B区别开
CanyoutellTomfromhistwinbrother?你能把汤姆和他的双胞胎哥哥区别开吗?
It’sdifficultforustotellLilyfromLucy.我们很难区分开莉莉和露丝。
3.Theytroopedbehindthefirstdancer,copyingitsmovement.
它们成群结队地跟在第一只跳舞的蜜蜂后面,模仿它的动作。troop
①n.一群,大量
AtroopofchildrenwentintotheMuseum.一群学生走进了博物馆。
troopsofvisitors一群一群的访问者
troops军队,部队
Thelocalpeopledemandedthewithdrawaloftheforeigncountrytroops.
当地的人们要求外国军队撤离。
②vi.集合,群集;成群地涌向,结队而行
Childrentroopedoutof/intothehallafterthelecture.演讲结束后,孩子们成群地走出了/进教室。
4.overandoveragain=againandagain=timeandtimeagain=overandover一再地,经常地,重复地
Theoldmanalwaysthinksofhishappyolddaysoverandoveragain.
这位老人总是一次又一次地回忆起以前的美好时光。
5.Onewasclosetothehive.Theotherwasmuchfartheraway,beyondsometrees.
一个靠近蜂箱,另一个远离蜂箱,几棵大树之外.
beyondprep(复习)
①在……那边,越过(场所)
Thehouseisbeyondthebridge.房屋在桥的那边。
Icannotseeanythingbeyondtheriverbecauseofthefog
由于雾,河的那边我什么也看不见。
②(指时间)超出,晚于
Don’tstayoutbeyond10o’clock.不要在外边停留到10点钟还不回家。
③超出,为……所不能及(程度)
Yourworkisbeyondallpraise你的作品真让人赞扬不尽。
Helivesbeyondhisincome。他的生活入不敷出。
beyondone’scontrol无法控制;无法管理
Thewatchisbeyondrepair.手表无法修理了
Thisproblemisfarbeyondme/mycomprehension这个问题超出了我的能力/理解力
6.cometolight发现,暴露
Muchmorenewevidencehascometolight,sothejudgeshavetosentencethemantodeath.
新的证据不断发现,所以法官不得不判这人死刑。
Whentheoldwomandied,itcametolightthatshewasactuallyveryrich.
老太太死后,人们发现她其实很富有。
7.compareAwithB把A与B比较一下(复习)
CompareBritishEnglishwithAmericanEnglish,andyoucantellthedifferencesbetweenthem.
把美国英语与英国英语比较一下,你就会发现它们之间的不同点。
compareAtoB把A比作B
Poetshavecomparedsleeptodeath.诗人把睡眠比作死亡。
comparedto...=comparedwith...与……比起来
Comparedto/withtheearth,thesunismuchbigger.与地球比起来,太阳要大得多。
8.comeup
①前进,进来
Mymothercameuptomeandheldmyhandstightly.母亲走向前紧紧地抓住我的手。
②上升
Thesuncameupatthattime.那时太阳已升起来了。
Hehasstayedunderwaterfor2minutes,buthehasn’tcomeupyet.
他在水下呆了2分钟了,还没上来。
③长出,发芽
Theseseedshaven’tcomeupyet.这些种子还没有发芽。
④被提出讨论
Thequestioncameupatthemeetingyesterday.这个问题在昨天的会议上被提出来了。
⑤与come有关的短语:
comeabout发生;comeacross碰见,受欢迎;comeat袭击;
comedown下降,流传comeoutwith说出,透漏;cometooneself苏醒
9.includevt.(复习)
包括,包含
Yourdutyincludesputtingthebabytothebed.你的职责包括让孩子上床睡觉。
Therearefivechaptersinthisbook,includingtwochapterswrittenbyourteacher.
这本书有5章,包括由我们老师写的两章。
Everyonewillgotothecinema,LaoXiaoincluded.每个人都要去电影院,包括老肖。
10.transparentadj.
①透明的;清澈的。
②显而易见的;一目了然的[+that]
Itwastransparentthatherpridewashurt.很显然,她的自尊心受到了伤害。
③坦率的,光明正大的
Heisamanoftransparentsincerity.他是一个坦率诚恳的人。
11.surroundingn.环境;周围的事物[P]
Hedidn’tpaymuchattentiontohissurroundings.他没有多注意他周围的环境。
adj.周围的;附近的
Foxesstartedcominginfromthesurroundingcountryside.狐狸开始从附近的乡下跑进来。
12.apparent
①adj表面的,外观的;未必真实的
Theapparentcauseofhisillnesswasexcessivedrinking,buttherealcausewashisdeepgriefathis
wife’sdeath.他生病的表面原因是饮酒过度,但实际原因是丧妻之痛。
②明显的,显而易见的;明白无误的[(+to)][+that]
Itwasapparentthathewasinnoconditiontotravel.他的健康状况显然不宜旅行。
13.Soanotherastonishingfactcametolight.于是又发现一个令人惊讶的情况。
cometolight暴露,真相大白
Thescandalcametolightwhenthepoliticianwasseenwiththelady.
当有人看到那位政客跟那位女士在一起时,真相就大白了。
Apoliticalscandalhasrecentlycometolight.
最近一桩政治丑闻暴露出来
14.maximum(反minimum)
①n.最大量,最大数,最大限度[C][(+of)]
Ourgoalistoachievethemaximumofefficiency.
我们的目标是取得最高的效率。
②顶点;(法定的)最高极限;(公路行车的)最高速[theS][(+of)]
Driversmustnotexceedamaximumof55milesanhour.
司机不得超过每小时五十五英里的最大时速。
③adj.最大的;最多的;最高的;顶点的
Themaximumspeedofthiscaris150milesperhour.
这辆车的最大时速为一百五十英里。
15.preciseadj.
①精确的;准确的;确切的;丝毫不差的;恰好的
Ican’tgiveyouaprecisedate.我无法告诉你确切的日期。
atthepreciousmoment正在那时
②明确的;清晰的
Hisinstructionswerenotveryprecise.他的指示不太明确。
③严格的;细致的
Wehadpreciseorderstocomehomebynineo’clock.我们得到严格的命令须于九点前回家。
④刻板的,拘泥的
Hewasverypreciseinhismanners.他的一言一行都有板有眼。
16.adequate
①adj.能满足需要(量)的,足够的[(+for)][+to-v]
Martinthoughtthathehadnoadequateproof.马丁认为他没有充足的证据。
Isyoursalaryadequatetosupportyourfamily?你的薪水足够养家吗?
②适当的;适当的[(+to/for)对于…](不置于名词前)
asolutionadequatetotheproblem适合这个问题的解决方法
③胜任的[(+to)]
Sheprovedadequatetothejob.事实证明她能胜任此项工作。
④尚可的,差强人意的
Thathotelismerelyadequate.那家旅馆只能说是差强人意。
17.clarifyvt.
①澄清;阐明
Hisexplanationclarifiedthemystery.他的说明解开了这个谜。
②净化
Itrequiresofusgreateffortstoclarifysewageincities.净化城市的污水需要我们很大的努力。
③使清楚,使清醒
Mymindwasclarifiedonthisissue.对这个问题我的头脑变得清楚了。
18.changeableadj.
①易变的;不定的
Histemper’sbeenchangeablethisweek,sodon’tannoyhim.
这星期他脾气变化无常,所以不要惹他生气。
②可改变的,可能被改变的
③闪光的;闪色的
changeablesilk闪光丝绸
19.adaptationn.
①适应,适合[U]
Hemadeaquickadaptationtothenewenvironment.他很快适应了新的环境。
②改编,改写[U];改写本[C]
Thisplayisanadaptationofanovel.这一剧本是由小说改编的。
20.VonFrischassumedthatthedanceconveyedmoreinformation.
冯弗里希想弄清这种舞蹈能不能说明喂食处有多远.assumevt.表示“假设,主观认为,假定;
①assumethat…
Weassumedthatyouunderstoodthesituation.我们认为,你了解形势。
②assume+名词+(tobe)+名[形].
Iassumedhimtobeanhonestman。我认为他是个诚实的人。
③assuming和given,supposing,provided/providing(that)等词一样都可以引导状语作用相当于if.
Supposingyourfathersawyouplayingcomputergames,whatwouldhesay?
=ifyourfathersaw……
Assumingthattheweatherisfavourable,Farmerswillhaveagoodharvest
假如风调雨顺,今年农民将获丰收。
Giventhatitdoesn’traintomorrow,Iwillgocamping.如果明天不下雨,我就会去野营
另:assuming自负的,傲慢的,过分自信的
④assumed假装的,假的;假定的,设想的:
anassumedcheerfulness伪装的高兴anassumedresult假定的结果,
Hislookofastonishmentwasassumed.他那惊讶的样子是装出来的。
⑤assumption假定,假想
Iwasundertheassumptionthatyouwerecomingtomorrow.我原以为你明天来。
Myassumptionthathehadpassedtheexamwaswrong.我本以为他已通过了考试,结果我错了。
21.Hemarkedallthebeesthatcametothenearbyfeedingplaceblue,andallthebeesthatwenttothefarawayplaceweremarkedred.他给所有来到近的喂食处的蜜蜂标上蓝色,给飞到远的喂食处的蜜蜂标上红色。faraway(远方的)是由far+away构成的合成形容词。
nearby(附近的)是由near+by构成的合成形容词。它们在句中都作定语。
afarawayforest远处的森林farawaytimes遥远的时代
anearbyhotel附近的一家旅店nearbyhills附近的小山
注意:faraway在作定语时通常都连写,作表语或作状语时则分写(faraway)。如:
Thehouseisnotfaraway.那座房子并不远。
Helivesfarawayfromtheschool.他住得离学校很远。
nearby既可作定语,又可作状语;既可以连写(nearby),也可以分写(nearby),还可以加连字符(near-by)。
Isawhergoingtoanear-bypost-boxbeforelunch.我看到她午饭前去附近的信箱投信。
Theylivenearby----lessthanakilometer.他们住在附近,不到一公里。
Hegaveuphisseattotheoldmanstandingnearby.他把座位让给站在附近的老人了。

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